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Li C, Rao J, Wang X, Feng L, Xiang Y, Tang F. Navigating the outbreak: a comprehensive analysis of pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia via targeted next-generation sequencing in Wuhan, 2022-2023. Microbiol Spectr 2025; 13:e0246324. [PMID: 40197057 PMCID: PMC12053910 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02463-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025] Open
Abstract
This study aims to delineate the epidemiological characteristics and impacts of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) outbreak, utilizing targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) to assess pathogen prevalence and co-infections in pediatric pneumonia cases. Pediatric patients admitted to Wuhan Children's Hospital with pneumonia from 1 October 2022 to 31 October 2023 were included. tNGS was used for comprehensive pathogen detection, including MP and other respiratory pathogens, with additional sequencing of the 23S rRNA gene V region to identify macrolide resistance mutations. This study enrolled 10,223 patients with pneumonia with a positivity rate of 98.4% by targeted next-generation sequencing. Fever (86.4%) and cough (79.3%) were the most common symptoms of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Lung consolidation (25.8%) was a common imaging feature, and corticosteroid use was noted in 22.5% of MPP patients. MP proved to be the primary pathogen, particularly evident during the MP pandemic, which began in March 2023 and peaked in October with a detection rate of 63.2%. Of the 4,397 MPP cases, 34.5% were sole infections, while 65.6% were co-infections, mostly with viruses. The main causative agents of co-infections were Haemophilus influenzae and Rhinovirus. The macrolide resistance rate was 79.03%. The A2063G mutation in the 23S rRNA V region is the dominant mutation. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A were significantly elevated in MPP, while the absolute counts of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, CD19+B, and NK cells were significantly reduced. This study demonstrates the utility of tNGS in identifying MP co-infections and macrolide resistance and highlights the role of inflammatory markers and lymphocyte subpopulations in differentiating MPP from non-Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia for clinical management.IMPORTANCEOur study is of great scientific value as it provides practical solutions to clinical challenges and supports both clinical decision-making and public health policy. First, it presents new and important insights into the application of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) technology, which enables rapid and accurate pathogen detection and overcomes the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods. Second, the large sample size, focusing specifically on children during a Mycoplasma pneumoniae epidemic, provides valuable epidemiologic data specifically for the Wuhan region. Finally, by integrating rapid tNGS detection with inflammatory markers and lymphocyte subsets, our study demonstrates direct clinical applications that have the potential to improve patient outcomes. This approach highlights the practical utility of our research in enhancing clinical decision-making and contributes important knowledge to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhen Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Rao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lifang Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
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Li L, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Shi Y. C-reactive protein-induced injury in Mycoplasma pneumoniae-infected lung epithelial cells is mediated by the P38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Microbiol Spectr 2025; 13:e0162624. [PMID: 39932324 PMCID: PMC11878036 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01626-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infections have markedly higher C-reactive protein (CRP). We investigated how CRP contributes to lung epithelial cell death following MP infection. CRP levels were assessed in children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and A549 lung epithelial cells infected with MP. A549 cells were genetically modified to overexpress CRP. Effects on cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were evaluated. The expression of proteins implicated in the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was analyzed. The protective effects of the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and the mitochondrial protector cyclosporin A (CsA) were assessed. CRP levels were elevated in both MPP patients and MP-infected A549 cells compared to controls. Increased apoptosis and reduced cell viability were observed in MP-infected cells. CRP overexpression led to upregulation of proteins in the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, increased cytoplasmic Cyt C, decreased Tom 20 and ΔΨm, and elevated ROS. Pretreatment with SB203580 or posttreatment with CsA reduced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage and enhanced cell survival. Increased CRP levels during MP infection promote lung epithelial cell death by activating the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Targeting this pathway could offer therapeutic potential to reduce lung damage in MPP patients.IMPORTANCEThis study provides critical information in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms for MP infections concerning CRP in mediating lung epithelial cell injury. This study outlines the significant increase in MP-infected patients and shows its direct involvement in cell apoptosis through the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. By explaining this pathway, the possibility of targeting CRP and its connected signaling mechanisms to devise therapeutic interventions for the amelioration of lung damage in MP-infected patients is brought to light. The implications of such data are not merely in the added knowledge for disease pathobiology but also it brings new promise for novel intervention strategies to result in improved clinical outcomes. The elucidation of specific molecular targets inside the apoptosis pathway heralds a new area regarding the direction of future research and clinical application for humanity in general and concerning the broader relevance and impact of this study on respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjia Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Liaocheng Second People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dongying People’s Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yalin Shi
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Sunshine Unlon Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
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Li S, Dou H, Shi D, Yuan R, Tu P, Yuan Q, Xin D, Qi W. P1 adhesin genotype characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in China from 2017 to 2019. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2025; 15:1513177. [PMID: 40034391 PMCID: PMC11872919 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1513177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the important pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and P1 adhesin serves as a pathogenic protein and an immune protein involved in the pathogenesis of mycoplasma pneumoniae. The aim of this study was to investigate the P1 adhesin genotype in Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its association with disease severity in patients with CAP from 2017 to 2019. Methods M. pneumoniae was identified in patient samples by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The P1 genotypes of samples were determined using a culture-independent P1 typing method. Results In total, 1,907 clinical samples were collected from 13 tertiary hospitals in Beijing, Shenyang, and Baotou, including 1488 samples from children and 419 from adults. Of these, 820 samples (43.00%), including 777 from children and 43 from adults, were positive for M. pneumoniae. 797 samples were successfully typed using the culture-independent P1 typing method (P1-1, 605; P1- 2, 192). The M. pneumoniae detection rate and P1-1 detection rate differed significantly between children and adults (both p < 0.01), with P1-1 remaining the dominant genotype. The proportion of P1-2 samples increased in children from 16.75% in 2017 to 28.76% in 2019. Discussion No relationship between the P1 genotype and disease severity was identified. Monitoring the genotype changes of P1 adhesin in local populations may positively impact the epidemiological prevention and control of M. pneumoniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwei Dou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory, Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Nan Yuan Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijie Yuan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Tu
- Department of Pediatrics, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Respiratory, Branch of Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Luoyang Hospital of TCM, Henan, China
| | - Deli Xin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Qi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhang J, Wu R, Mo L, Ding J, Huang K. Trends in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in pediatric patient preceding, during, and following the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive longitudinal analysis. Microbiol Spectr 2025; 13:e0100124. [PMID: 39807865 PMCID: PMC11792468 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01001-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated restrictive measures on Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children with acute respiratory tract infection. The study aimed to elucidate the epidemiological characteristics of M. pneumoniae infections before and during the pandemic and following the easing of restrictive measures. Pharyngeal secretions were collected from 1,0174 pediatric patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) who were admitted to Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital (Shaoxing, China) between May 2018 and December 2023. The analysis concentrated on M. pneumoniae detection rates, epidemiological features, and clinical characteristics. Among 10,174 samples collected from 2018 to 2023, 1,060 strains of M. pneumoniae were detected, resulting in an overall positive rate of 10.42% (n = 1,060 out of 1,0176). Further breakdown revealed positive rates of 8.25% (n = 279 out of 3,381) in phase I (May 2018-December 2019), 2.40% (n = 87 out of 3,623) in phase II (January 2020-November 2022), and 21.89% (n = 694 out of 3,170) in phase III (December 2022-December 2023). In comparison to phase I, a noteworthy decline in the positive rate of M. pneumoniae was found during phase II, followed by a substantial increase during phase III (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the positive rate of M. pneumoniae exhibited a significantly greater surge during the summer-autumn period in contrast to the winter-spring (P < 0.05). Additionally, the risk of M. pneumoniae infection in children who aged 7 years surpassed that of the age group of 0-3 years. Throughout the phases preceding, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, discernible fluctuations in both age distribution and seasonality of M. pneumoniae infections were identified among hospitalized children with ARI in the East China. IMPORTANCE The resemblance between the transmission pathways of M. pneumoniae and those of COVID-19 suggests that non-pharmaceutical interventions may have comparable effects on both. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of children with M. pneumoniae infections in Shaoxing, China, from 2018 to 2023. This study explored how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the prevalence of M. pneumoniae and provided guidance for disease treatment and infection prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhang
- Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ruoya Wu
- Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Liyan Mo
- Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jinlong Ding
- Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Su C, Zhang Y, Ding S, Yan X, Zhang J, Tao Z. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized pediatric patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a retrospective multicenter study. BMC Infect Dis 2025; 25:18. [PMID: 39754040 PMCID: PMC11699690 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China many respiratory pathogens stayed low activities amid the COVID-19 pandemic due to strict measures and controls. We here aimed to study the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric inpatients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) after the mandatory COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, in comparison to those before the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We here included 4,296 pediatric patients with MPP, hospitalized by two medical centers in Jiangsu Province, China, from January 2015 to March 2024. Patients were divided into the pre-COVID (n = 1,662) and post-COVID (n = 2,634) groups. Their baseline characteristics, laboratory test results and radiological patterns were separately assessed and compared between the two groups to determine the substantial changes in the disease profile of MPP after the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Epidemiological results suggested a higher annual incidence of MPP after the COVID-19 pandemic when the outbreak reached a peak in October, two months delayed in seasonality compared to that in the pre-COVID era. For pediatric patients with MPP, there was no difference in their median ages, gender ratios, and severe case percentages between the two groups, where most patients were younger than 14 years old. With significance, the post-COVID group had more occurrences of cough and expectoration and higher incidences of influenza A/B virus (IAV/IBV) co-infection than the pre-COVID group. Many hematological parameters and radiological features between the two groups displayed alteration, but comparatively there demonstrated no worsened severity in hospitalized children with MPP after COVID-19 pandemic. Concurrently, the post-COVID group was administered with fewer antibiotics but more corticosteroids for effective treatment than the pre-COVID group. CONCLUSION Through the COVID-19 pandemic, the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with MPP differed, but there was no evident change in the disease severity. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the increased incidence of IAV/IBV co-infection may contribute to the differences in clinical symptoms and hematological profiles, while the adding usage of corticosteroids might treat more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Chenglei Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Suining County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221200, China
| | - Shuo Ding
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fengxian County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221700, China
| | - Xianliang Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Suining County People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221200, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China.
| | - Zhimin Tao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
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You J, Zhang L, Chen W, Wu Q, Zhang D, Luo Z, Fu Z. Epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae in hospitalized children before, during, and after COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in Chongqing, China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1424554. [PMID: 39220288 PMCID: PMC11362049 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1424554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a significant cause of community-acquired pneumonia with high macrolide resistance rates. Various COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have impacted the prevalence of MP. Objective To assess the changes in the pattern of MP infections among children before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 36685 enrolled patients, aged 0-18 years, diagnosed with pneumonia and admitted to Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2019 to December 2023, were retrospectively reviewed in this study. The epidemiological characteristics of pediatric MP infection were analyzed. Results Among 36685 patients, 7610 (20.74%) tested positive for MP. The highest positive rate was observed among children aged over 6 years (55.06%). There was no gender disparity in MP infection across the three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospital stays were longest for children during the COVID-19 pandemic (P <0.001). MP infection was most prevalent in the summer (29.64%). The lowest positive rate was observed during the pandemic, with the highest rate found after easing the measures across all age groups (P <0.001). There was a surge in the positive rate of MP in the third year after the COVID-19 pandemic. Regression analyses demonstrated a shift in the age range susceptible to MP infection, with children aged 3.8 to 13.5 years post-pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic range of 5.3 to 15.5 years old. Additionally, the average macrolide resistance rate was 79.84%. We observed a higher resistance rate during the pandemic than in the pre- and post-pandemic phases (P <0.001). Conclusion The restrictive measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic have influenced the spread of MP to some extent and altered demographic and clinical characteristics, such as age, age group, season, length of stay, and macrolide resistance. We recommend continuous surveillance of the evolving epidemiological characteristics of MP infection in the post-pandemic period when restrictions are no longer necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi You
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Linghuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Qifan Wu
- Big Data Engineering Center, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
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Chen Y, Jia X, Gao Y, Ren X, Du B, Zhao H, Feng Y, Xue G, Cui J, Gan L, Feng J, Fan Z, Fu T, Xu Z, Yu Z, Yang Y, Zhao S, Huang L, Ke Y, Cao L, Yan C, Yuan J. Increased macrolide resistance rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae correlated with epidemic in Beijing, China in 2023. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1449511. [PMID: 39171272 PMCID: PMC11337199 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1449511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We collected respiratory specimens from 128 pediatric patients diagnosed with pneumonia in Beijing in late 2023. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected in 77.3% (99/128) patients, with 36.4% (4/11), 82.9% (34/41), 80.3% (61/76) in children aged less than 3 years, 3-6 years, over 7 years, respectively. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) was characterized using P1 gene typing, MLVA typing and sequencing of domain V of the 23S rRNA gene. P1 gene type 1 (P1-1; 76.1%, 54/71) and MLVA type 4-5-7-2 (73.7%, 73/99) were predominant. MLVA identified a new genotype: 3-4-6-2. Macrolide resistance-associated mutations were detected in 100% of samples, with A2063G accounting for 99% and A2064G for 1%. The positive rate of M. pneumoniae was higher compared to previous reports, especially in children less than 3 years, suggesting a M. pneumoniae epidemic showing a younger age trend occurred in late 2023 in Beijing, China. Higher proportions of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae, P1-1 and 4-5-7-2 genotype M. pneumoniae indicated increased macrolide resistance rate and genotyping shift phenomenon, which might be attributable to this epidemic. Additionally, complete clinical information from 73 M. pneumoniae pneumonia inpatients were analyzed. The incidence of severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia was 56.2% (41/73). Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia patients exhibited longer duration of fever, with a median value of 10.0 days (IQR, 8.0-13.0), and higher incidence of complications (74.0%, 54/73). However, in this cohort, we found that the severity of M. pneumoniae pneumonia, co-infection, or complications were not associated with M. pneumoniae P1 gene or MLVA types. Clinicians should be aware that patients infected with macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae exhibited more severe clinical presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Jia
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yagang Gao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Ren
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Du
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Xue
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Fu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Xu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Yu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehua Ke
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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Dekyi, Xiao Y, Wang X, Feng S, Wang Y, Liao L, Wang S, Deng Y, Zheng J, Zhao D. Predominance of A2063G mutant strains in the Mycoplasma pneumoniae epidemic in children: A clinical and epidemiological study in 2023 in Wuhan, China. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 145:107074. [PMID: 38734057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of respiratory infectious diseases has changed in the post-COVID-19 epidemic era, and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children has attracted wide attention. METHODS Children hospitalized for pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in 2023 were enrolled. Respiratory secretions were obtained for the targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) including mutation of MP. Pulmonary inflammation was divided into bronchopneumonia and pulmonary consolidation/atelectasis according to lung computed tomography imaging. RESULTS Of the 667 pediatric pneumonia, 478 were MP positive (72%). The positive rate of MP detected by tNGS increased from April, and MP had become the primary pathogen of pneumonia in children in 2023. The 23S rRNA mutations were all A2063G, accounting for 85% of detected MP. The clinical symptoms of the mutant and wild-type strains were similar, with half of them experiencing atelectasis and lung consolidation. Early bronchoscopic lavage combined with azithromycin in pediatric pulmonary consolidation was an effective therapy strategy, which could be an alternative selection to MP pneumonia treatment. CONCLUSIONS A2063G mutant strain MP was the primary pathogen of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children recently, which was often complicated by extra-pulmonary symptoms and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekyi
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Yujia Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Shuwen Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Lihong Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Shouyi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Youping Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Junwen Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China; Children's Digital Health and Data Center, Wuhan University, China
| | - Dongchi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China; Children's Digital Health and Data Center, Wuhan University, China.
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Liu C, Wang R, Ge S, Wang B, Li S, Yan B. Research status and challenges of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: A bibliometric and visualization analysis from 2011 to 2023. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37521. [PMID: 38489686 PMCID: PMC10939570 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infections occur in regional outbreaks every 3 to 7 years, lasting up to 2 years. Since this fall, there has been a significant rise in MP infections among children in China, indicating a regional epidemiological trend that imposes an increased national public health burden. To date, bibliometric methods have not been applied to studies on MP infection in children. METHODS We searched for all relevant English publications on MP pneumonia in children published from 2011 to 2023 using Web of Science. Analytical software tools such as Citespace and VOSviewer were employed to analyze the collected literature. RESULTS 993 articles on MP pneumonia in children were published in 338 academic journals by 5062 authors affiliated with 1381 institutions across 75 countries/regions. China led in global productivity with 56.19%. Among the top 10 prolific organizations, 8 were Chinese institutions, with Soochow University being the most active, followed by Capital Medical University and Zhejiang University. Zhimin Chen from Zhejiang University School of Medicine exhibited the highest H-index of 32. Keyword co-occurrence network analysis revealed 7 highly relevant clusters. CONCLUSION The current research hotspots and frontiers in this field are primarily MP pneumonia, refractory MP pneumonia, lactate dehydrogenase, asthma, and biomarker. We anticipate that this work will provide novel insights for advancing scientific exploration and the clinical application of MP pneumonia in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuyi Ge
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Binding Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siman Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bohua Yan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ma J, Guo P, Mei S, Li M, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Shen A, Sun H, Li L. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections among hospitalized children in Henan, China. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22213. [PMID: 38106667 PMCID: PMC10722323 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing reports have indicated that non-pharmaceutical interventions to control the COVID-19 pandemic may also have an effect on the prevalence of other pathogens. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important atypical pathogen prevalent in children with high rates of macrolide resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of M. pneumoniae infection in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this study, M. pneumoniae detection results were extracted from Henan Children's Hospital from 2018 to 2021. The epidemiological characteristics of pediatric M. pneumoniae infection were analyzed. Results We found that the highest positive rate of M. pneumoniae infection was 11.00 % in 2018, 14.01 % in 2019, followed by 11.24 % in 2021 and 8.75 % in 2020 (p < 0.001). Most tested children had respiratory system manifestations, and pneumoniae was the most common diagnosis (53.23 %). An increase in the number of positive cases was observed with an increase in age, with a higher number of cases among children over 6 years old. No positive cases were identified among children aged 1-28 days. The decrease in the positive rate among children aged between1-6 years old in 2020 and 2021 was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). The pre-pandemic period demonstrated a higher incidence rate in the fall, whereas the summers and winters exhibited a significantly higher positive rate during the pandemic period (p < 0.001). Different regions in Henan also showed different epidemic patterns. Conclusions In summary, strict pandemic measures influenced the spread of M. pneumoniae to some extent and changed demographic characteristics, including age, season and regional distribution. Continuous monitoring is required for the control and prevention of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengbo Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiyue Mei
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingchao Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhidan Yu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaodong Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Adong Shen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Sun
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Wu M, Huang Y, Huang Y, Wang H, Li M, Zhou Y, Zhao H, Lan Y, Wu Z, Jia C, Feng S, Zhao J. Droplet magnetic-controlled microfluidic chip integrated nucleic acid extraction and amplification for the detection of pathogens and tumor mutation sites. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1271:341469. [PMID: 37328249 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditional nucleic acid extraction and detection is based on open operation, which may cause cross-contamination and aerosol formation. This study developed a droplet magnetic-controlled microfluidic chip integrated nucleic acid extraction, purification and amplification. The reagent is sealed in oil to form a droplet, and the nucleic acid is extracted and purified by controlling the movement of the magnetic beads (MBs) through a permanent magnet, ensuring a closed environment. This chip can automatically extract nucleic acid from multiple samples within 20 min, and can be directly placed in the in situ amplification instrument for amplification without further transfer of nucleic acid, characterized by simple, fast, time-saving and labor-saving. The results showed that the chip was able to detect <10 copies/test SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and EGFR exon 21 L858R mutations were detected in H1975 cells as low as 4 cells. In addition, on the basis of the droplet magnetic-controlled microfluidic chip, we further developed a multi-target detection chip, which used MBs to divide the nucleic acid of the sample into three parts. And the macrolides resistance mutations A2063G and A2064G, and the P1 gene of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) were successfully detected in clinical samples by the multi-target detection chip, providing the possibility for future application in the detection of multiple pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuhang Huang
- Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yaru Huang
- Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200127, China
| | - Min Li
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200127, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuwei Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunping Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Shilun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Li L, Guo P, Ma J, Sun H, Mei S. Impact of COVID-19 on the Epidemiological Features of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Henan, China. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0491122. [PMID: 36688715 PMCID: PMC9927081 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04911-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children’s Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengbo Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children’s Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiayue Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children’s Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Sun
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiyue Mei
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children’s Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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