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Martins CA, do Prado CB, Ferreira JRS, Zandonade E, de Paula Alves Bezerra OM, Salaroli LB. Self-rated health status and associated factors in rural workers. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:680. [PMID: 37046261 PMCID: PMC10091575 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-rated health status can be considered a good predictor of morbidity and mortality and has been used due to its easy assessment and applicability. The instrument is efficient for understanding sociodemographic, environmental and clinical conditions that may be related to the self-rated health status. Thus, this study aims to analyze the self-assessment of health status in rural workers and its association with socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, clinical condition and work characteristics. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 787 male and female rural reporting agriculture as their main source of income in the municipality of Santa Maria de Jetibá. A simple and direct question was used "In general, compared to people your age, how do you rate your own state of health?" to see how rural workers rate their current health status. The independent variables analyzed were socioeconomic, clinical, health and work conditions. The magnitude of the associations was evaluated by means of hierarchical logistic regression. RESULTS It was found that 42.1% of rural workers self-rated their health status as regular or poor. Belonging to socioeconomic classes C (OR = 1.937; 95% CI = 1.009-3.720) or D/E (OR = 2.280; 95% CI = 1.178-4.415), being overweight (or having excess weight) (OR = 1.477; 95% CI = 1.086-2.008), multimorbidity (OR = 1.715; 95% CI = 1.201-2.447) and complex multimorbidity (OR = 1.738; 95% CI = 1.097-2.751) were risk factors for worse self-rated health. CONCLUSION It was concluded that chronic diseases, socioeconomic status and overweight are risk factors for negative self-rated health. The identification of these determinants through self-rated status can support the planning of actions aimed at improving the health of the rural population. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Protocol No. 2091172; CAAE No. 52839116.3.0000.5060). All research participants gave their informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleodice Alves Martins
- Graduate Program Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Camila Bruneli do Prado
- Graduate Program Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Júlia Rabelo Santos Ferreira
- Graduate Program Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Eliana Zandonade
- Graduate Program Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Olívia Maria de Paula Alves Bezerra
- Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Collective Health, Medical School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciane Bresciani Salaroli
- Graduate Program Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil.
- Graduate Program Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil.
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Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194048. [PMID: 36235701 PMCID: PMC9572874 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle—as captured by the Medlife Index Questionnaire (i.e., encompassing a Mediterranean diet as well as other aspects of healthy living, such as food preparation, physical activity, and socializing)—has been associated with reduced cardiovascular events in healthy individuals. In the present study, we sought to determine the adherence to, and the effect of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation on, Mediterranean lifestyle adherence in patients after myocardial infarction. We included 121 patients (mean age, 55 years; women, 37%) undergoing comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation—i.e., exercise training 3 times per week for 12 weeks plus dedicated workshops promoting the Mediterranean lifestyle. Before and after cardiac rehabilitation, patients completed the Medlife Index Questionnaire. High baseline adherence was associated with favourable glucose (5.39 vs. 6.1 mmol/L; p < 0.001), triglycerides (1.1 vs. 1.5 mmol/L; p = 0.002), and HDL cholesterol levels (1.32 vs. 1.12 mmol/L; p = 0.032). More importantly, the Medlife Score significantly improved following comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with low baseline adherence (from 13.8 to 16.7 points; p < 0.001), but not in patients with high baseline adherence (from 19.4 to 18.8 points; p = 0.205). Our findings suggested that Mediterranean lifestyle promotion during cardiac rehabilitation improved adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle, especially in low-adherence patients.
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Cattafesta M, Petarli GB, Zandonade E, Bezerra OMDPA, de Abreu SMR, Salaroli LB. Prevalence and determinants of obesity and abdominal obesity among rural workers in Southeastern Brazil. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270233. [PMID: 35797372 PMCID: PMC9262245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to assess the nutritional status of rural workers from a municipality in Southeastern Brazil and estimate the association of sociodemographic, labor, lifestyle, and dietary pattern factors with obesity and abdominal obesity of men and women of this rural area. This is a cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 740 farmers (51.5%, n = 381 males; 48.5%, n = 359 females). The sociodemographic, labor, lifestyle and dietary patterns determinants were assessed. Food intake data were obtained by applying three 24-hour recalls and dietary patterns were determined by Principal Component Analysis with Varimax orthogonal rotation. Poisson regression with robust variance stratified by sex was applied. The general prevalence of overweight status was 31.5% (95% CI 28.2-34.8%), 19.7% of obesity (95% CI 16.8-22.6%) and 31.5% of abdominal obesity (95% CI 28.2-34.8%), with higher rates in women (P < 0.001). Men of higher socioeconomic class had a 2.3 times higher prevalence of obesity (95% CI 1.08-4.90). In addition, the shorter travel time to purchase food increased the prevalence of abdominal obesity in males. For women, the older the age group, the greater the general and central obesity. A lower adherence to traditional dietary patterns (approximately PR [prevalence ratio] 1.6 for general obesity and PR 1.3 for abdominal obesity) and a greater number of places to buy food were associated with higher rates of obesity in women. Finally, women farmers with a higher workload had a 20% lower prevalence of central obesity (PR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65-0.97). Such findings demonstrate that obesity must be an issue in the health care of remote and rural populations. There is a need to promote healthier environments that respect traditional food culture through multiple approaches that consider the heterogeneity of rural areas and the differences between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cattafesta
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória/ES, Brazil
| | - Glenda Blaser Petarli
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória/ES, Brazil
| | - Eliana Zandonade
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória/ES, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Marlene Ribeiro de Abreu
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL) of Faculty of Sports-University of Porto (FADEUP), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), and Faculty of Sports, Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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4
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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet: Impact of Geographical Location of the Observations. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102040. [PMID: 35631181 PMCID: PMC9144454 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has emerged as a comprehensive lifestyle, including specific foods and meal composition and a set of behavioural and social features. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been shown to promote health and reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases. The actual implementation of the Mediterranean diet is affected by several sociocultural factors as well as geographical components. Indeed, the geographical location, such as a specific country or different areas in a country and specific latitude and climate, appears to be an important factor that may strongly affect the implementation of the Mediterranean diet or some of its principles as well as the adherence to it. Another dynamic component affecting personal nutritional choices, also regarding adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its principles, is the individual life-long trajectory of food preference and nutrition habits and awareness. In this review, we discuss the current evidence on the impact of geographical location on adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
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Vanderloo LM, Janus M, Omand JA, Keown-Stoneman CDG, Borkhoff CM, Duku E, Mamdani M, Lebovic G, Parkin PC, Simpson JR, Tremblay MS, Maguire JL, Birken CS. Children's screen use and school readiness at 4-6 years: prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:382. [PMID: 35197009 PMCID: PMC8864975 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The primary aim of this study was to determine if screen use in early childhood is associated with overall vulnerability in school readiness at ages 4 to 6 years, as measured by the Early Development Instrument (EDI). Secondary aims were to: (1) determine if screen use was associated with individual EDI domains scores, and (2) examine the association between screen use and EDI domains scores among a subgroup of high screen users. Methods This prospective cohort study was carried out using data from young children participating in a large primary care practice-based research network in Canada. Logistic regression analyses were run to investigate the association between screen use and overall vulnerability in school readiness. Separate linear regression models examined the relationships between children’s daily screen use and each separate continuous EDI domain. Results A total of 876 Canadian participants participated in this study. Adjusted logistic regression revealed an association between increased screen use and increased vulnerability in school readiness (p = 0.05). Results from adjusted linear regression demonstrated an association between higher screen use and reduced language and cognitive development domain scores (p = 0.004). Among high screen users, adjusted linear regression models revealed associations between increased screen use and reduced language and cognitive development (p = 0.004) and communication skills and general knowledge domain scores (p = 0.042). Conclusions Screen use in early childhood is associated with increased vulnerability in developmental readiness for school, with increased risk for poorer language and cognitive development in kindergarten, especially among high users. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12629-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh M Vanderloo
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, ON, M5G 0A4, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Magdalena Janus
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica A Omand
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, ON, M5G 0A4, Toronto, Canada
| | - Charles D G Keown-Stoneman
- Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana Faculty of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cornelia M Borkhoff
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, ON, M5G 0A4, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana Faculty of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Duku
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad Mamdani
- Dalla Lana Faculty of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Temetry Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gerald Lebovic
- Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia C Parkin
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, ON, M5G 0A4, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana Faculty of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Temetry Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Paediatric Medicine, Paediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Janis Randall Simpson
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathon L Maguire
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Temetry Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, ON, M5G 0A4, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana Faculty of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Temetry Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Paediatric Medicine, Paediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Salinas E, De Pauw MC, Sturniolo A, Aguirre MF, Marro MJ, Ballejo C, Lawrynowicz AEB. Epidemiological study of non-communicable diseases in the rural population of San Luis, Argentina. Methodological aspects. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS 2021; 78:118-124. [PMID: 34181831 PMCID: PMC8741316 DOI: 10.31053/1853.0605.v78.n2.31304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective to describe the methodological aspects of the first epidemiological study on the profile of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in rural areas of Argentina carried out in 2017. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. The reference population was the inhabitants of 18 years and over from the towns of Beazley, Zanjitas, Alto Pelado and Cazador, Juan M. de Pueyrredón department, San Luis province, Argentina. According to the latest census source, the number of inhabitants of that age group was 808 inhabitants. All homes in each locality were visited; All subjects who met the inclusion criteria were invited to participate. The research consisted of two phases: application of a self-report questionnaire in the home, followed by physical measurements, a FINDIRSC questionnaire (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score) and biochemical determinations. The data were dumped into a database in Epi Info 7. The statistical processing and analysis was performed in R 3.5.2 language. Results 375 survey records with complete data were obtained, which represented 46.41% of the registered population according to census source; 252 performed laboratory analysis (67.20%) and 250 physical examination (66.67%). Participants in the survey phase exhibited characteristics similar to those who completed all stages of the investigation for most of the characteristics studied. Conclusions this research was pioneer in generating knowledge about the NCD profile in the rural population of Argentina. It is expected to constitute an input for the planning of prevention policies, taking into account the local particularities.
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Predicting the Quality of Life Based on Health-promoting and Mindfulness Lifestyle in Pregnant Women With Obesity Referring to Comprehensive Health Centers in Arak City, Iran. PREVENTIVE CARE IN NURSING AND MIDWIFERY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/pcnm.11.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Makrilakis K, Kalpourtzi N, Ioannidis I, Iraklianou S, Raptis A, Sotiropoulos A, Gavana M, Vantarakis A, Kantzanou M, Hadjichristodoulou C, Chlouverakis G, Trypsianis G, Voulgari PV, Alamanos Y, Touloumi G, Liatis S. Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Greece. Results of the First National Survey of Morbidity and Risk Factors (EMENO) study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 172:108646. [PMID: 33359752 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To report the results of the first national Health Examination Survey (HES) on the prevalence of diabetes, its pharmacologic treatment and level of control, as well as pre-diabetes in Greece. METHODS Data were derived from the National Survey of Morbidity and Risk Factors (EMENO), in a randomly selected, representative sample of the adult Greek population. Sampling weights were applied to adjust for study design and post-stratification weights to match sample age/sex distribution to the population. Non-response was adjusted by inverse probability weighting. Weighted prevalence estimates are provided. RESULTS A total of 4393 persons with HbA1c and/or fasting plasma glucose measurements were included. Total diabetes prevalence was 11.9% (95% CI: 10.9-12.9), known diabetes 10.4% (9.5-11.4), and unknown 1.5% (1.1-1.9), with considerable increase in older age groups and no difference between genders. Pre-diabetes prevalence was 12.4% (11.4-13.6). The majority of persons with known diabetes were receiving metformin. Of those with known diabetes (and measured HbA1c), 70.9% were well controlled (HbA1c <7.0%). CONCLUSIONS This first representative national HES showed high prevalence of diabetes in Greece, with low prevalence of unknown diabetes. Pre-diabetes prevalence is also substantial. These results will hopefully enable national authorities develop tailored and efficient strategies for disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Makrilakis
- Hellenic Diabetes Association, Athens, Greece; First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
| | - Natasa Kalpourtzi
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ioannidis
- Hellenic Diabetes Association, Athens, Greece; First Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, Konstantopoulio Hospital, Nea Ionia, Greece
| | - Stella Iraklianou
- Hellenic Diabetes Association, Athens, Greece; Third Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Tzaneio, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Athanasios Raptis
- Hellenic Diabetes Association, Athens, Greece; Second Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexis Sotiropoulos
- Hellenic Diabetes Association, Athens, Greece; 3rd Internal Medicine Department & Diabetes Center, General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus, Greece
| | - Magda Gavana
- Dept of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, Medical School of Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Maria Kantzanou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Grigoris Trypsianis
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece
| | - Paraskevi V Voulgari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Yannis Alamanos
- Institute of Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Corfu, Greece
| | - Giota Touloumi
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Liatis
- Hellenic Diabetes Association, Athens, Greece; First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Cattafesta M, Petarli GB, da Luz TC, Zandonade E, de Paula Alves Bezerra OM, Salaroli LB. Dietary patterns of Brazilian farmers and their relation with sociodemographic, labor, and lifestyle conditions. Nutr J 2020; 19:23. [PMID: 32209090 PMCID: PMC7093971 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The eating habits have changed in the last few decades, but few studies prioritize the food consumption of farmers and the rural population. Therefore, the objective of this study was explore the sociodemographic, occupational and lifestyle factors to the high adherence these dietary patterns. Methods This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study of 740 farmers (51.5%, n = 381 males; 48.5%, n = 359 females) from a municipality in Southeastern Brazil. Food intake data were obtained by applying multipass 24-h recall and dietary intake was presented in dietary patterns determined by Principal Component Analysis with varimax orthogonal rotation. Results Three dietary patterns were identified. The first pattern, “local traditional”, was associated with sociodemographic and labor variables, being considered typical of the region’s farmer as white race/color (p = 0.003), not extra-physical activity (p = 0.014) and cultivating 5 or more crops (p = 0.005). The permanence of a “traditional Brazilian” pattern and the occurrence of an “industrialized” pattern were also observed. Farmers working in non-conventional agriculture were 54% less adhere to “traditional Brazilian” pattern (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25–0.86, p = 0.014). Individuals aged 50 and over years were 82% less likely (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.10–0.30) to adhere to “industrialized” pattern. Still, individuals of lower socioeconomic class were 52% less likely to adhere to this pattern (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24–0.96). Farmers who spent R$ 200 or more per capita to buy food were more than twice as likely to adhere to this food pattern (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.32–3.73), and who had the habit of frequently eating out were 1.62 as likely adhere to “industrialized” pattern (95% CI 1.11–2.36). Conclusions The findings indicate changes in dietary patterns in rural areas of the country, maintaining a traditional Brazilian pattern, as well as a local and an industrialized pattern. This last pattern demonstrates that the contemporary rural population also opts for a diet with ultra-processed products, being associated with the characteristic habits of a more urbanized rural region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cattafesta
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Glenda Blaser Petarli
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Zandonade
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Bresciani Salaroli
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil. .,Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468 - Campus Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29.040-090, Brazil.
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Spencer RA, Joshi N, Branje K, McIsaac JLD, Cawley J, Rehman L, Kirk SF, Stone M. Educator perceptions on the benefits and challenges of loose parts play in the outdoor environments of childcare centres. AIMS Public Health 2019; 6:461-476. [PMID: 31909067 PMCID: PMC6940583 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2019.4.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to consider physical activity and movement in early life to ensure children establish and maintain healthy physical activity patterns. Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of outdoor play and the childcare environment. Active outdoor play, especially free play, supports independence, self-regulation and allows children to explore their world and make decisions. Loose parts or open-ended materials are natural or synthetic resources that can be used in more than one way, allowing children to experiment through play. Incorporating loose parts into play environments creates opportunity for new play experiences. Despite growing evidence supporting loose parts play, the perspectives of childcare providers on the benefits and challenges of this type of play have been overlooked. The purpose of this study was to identify the benefits and challenges of incorporating loose parts play into the outdoor environments of childcare centres, from the perspectives of educators who took part in the Physical Literacy in the Early Years (PLEY) project. PLEY is a larger, mixed methods intervention study with the goal of evaluating a loose parts intervention in early childcare settings. This portion of the project used qualitative description to explore educators' perspectives. Data were collected using focus groups (n = 15) with early childhood educators (n = 3–5 in each group). Thematic analysis was used to identify five themes relating to benefits, and four themes relating to challenges. Benefit themes included: loose parts enable children to take risks; loose parts spark creativity and imagination; loose parts contribute to problem-solving abilities; loose parts cultivate independence and confidence; and loose parts build relationships and leadership. Challenges included: apprehension of loose parts; loose parts as a novelty; sustainability of loose parts; and loose parts present challenges with storage. Overall, we found educators perceived outdoor loose parts play to have multiple social and cognitive benefits for preschool-aged children that are critical for optimal growth and development, and overall health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Spencer
- School of Health & Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Nila Joshi
- School of Health & Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Karina Branje
- School of Health & Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jessie-Lee D McIsaac
- Faculty of Education and Department of Child and Youth Study, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jane Cawley
- Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Laurene Rehman
- School of Health & Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Sara Fl Kirk
- School of Health & Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Michelle Stone
- School of Health & Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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Social life characteristics in relation to adherence to the Mediterranean diet in older adults: findings from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD) study. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:439-445. [PMID: 31439074 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019002350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the associations between social life and adherence to a healthy dietary pattern, the Mediterranean diet (MD), in a population-representative cohort of older people. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. Adherence to the MD was evaluated by an a priori score; tertiles of the score, indicating low, medium and high adherence, were used in the analyses. Social life was assessed by a questionnaire evaluating participation in leisure-time activities and the number of social contacts; primary occupation was also recorded and job characteristics were further explored. SETTING Community-dwelling older adults. PARTICIPANTS Adults from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD) study (n 1933; age range 65-99 years). RESULTS Each unit increase in the number of social contacts/month and in the frequency score of intellectual, social and physical activities was associated with a 1·6, 6·8, 4·8 and 13·7 % increase in the likelihood of a participant being in the high MD adherence group, respectively. The analysis by age group revealed that younger elderly participants had a 1·4, 8·4 and 11·3 % higher likelihood to be in the high adherence group for each unit increase in the number of social contacts/month and in the frequency score of engagement in intellectual and physical activities, respectively. Similar associations were found for older elderly participants with high compared with low MD adherence, except for the intellectual activities. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that high MD adherence is associated with good social life, suggesting a clustering of health-promoting lifestyle factors in older adults.
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Aoun C, Papazian T, Helou K, El Osta N, Khabbaz LR. Comparison of five international indices of adherence to the Mediterranean diet among healthy adults: similarities and differences. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 13:333-343. [PMID: 31388410 PMCID: PMC6669066 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To compare five indices of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) among adults living in the Mediterranean region. SUBJECTS/METHODS A total of 100 healthy Lebanese adults aged between 18 and 65 years. Face-to-face interviews to collect sociodemographic and medical information, to take anthropometric measurements, and to fill a validated, culturally adapted, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The score for each item was calculated following the recommendations for each corresponding index. The five MD indices were Mediterranean Diet Scale (MDScale), Mediterranean Food Pattern (MFP), MD Score (MDS), Short Mediterranean Diet Questionnaire (SMDQ), and the MedDiet score. RESULTS Significant correlations were detected between items with P-values < 0.001. Minimal agreement was seen between MDScale and MedDiet score and maximal agreement between MDS and MedDiet score. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that MDS and MedDiet scores had significant correlations with fiber and olive oil intake, main components of the MD. MDScale showed a significant correlation with waist-to-hip ratio and with total energy intake but none of the five indices was correlated to body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSIONS The indices that showed the highest correlation with variables related to the MD are the MDScale and the MedDiet score; therefore, they can be used to assess our future study populations. Based on the current results, more than half of the study population was non-adherent to the MD and adherence to this diet did not appear to protect against being overweight (BMI ≥ 30).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Aoun
- Laboratoire de pharmacologie, pharmacie clinique et contrôle de qualité des médicaments, Faculty of pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon.,Department of nutrition, Faculty of pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Tatiana Papazian
- Laboratoire de pharmacologie, pharmacie clinique et contrôle de qualité des médicaments, Faculty of pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon.,Department of nutrition, Faculty of pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of nutrition, Faculty of pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Nada El Osta
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon.,Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, 1107 2180, Beirut, Lebanon.,Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique, EA 4847, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lydia Rabbaa Khabbaz
- Laboratoire de pharmacologie, pharmacie clinique et contrôle de qualité des médicaments, Faculty of pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon
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