Association between body mass index and health-related quality of life among Chinese elderly-evidence from a community-based study

Mental health and contributing factors to mental wellbeing in older people at high risk of hospitalization in Sweden

OBJECTIVES

Aging is linked to physiological changes, increased vulnerability, and often psychological, cognitive, and social changes that might affect mental health. Our aim was to explore factors that contribute to mental wellbeing in older people with increased risk of hospitalization.

METHOD

This study is a part of a Swedish clinical trial: Secure And Focused primary care for older pEople (SAFE), and included 1169 community-dwelling people aged 75 years or older, with a high risk of hospitalization. An individual self-assessment questionnaire that included questions about health-related quality of life was analyzed. We focused on the health concepts of emotional wellbeing and energy/fatigue in RAND 36 and used multiple logistic regression to analyze associations.

RESULTS

The levels of emotional wellbeing were significantly positively associated with the body mass index (BMI), and negatively associated with the frequency of falling, feeling of loneliness, worry about the future, and the level of pain/discomfort (p < 0.05). The levels of energy were also significantly positively associated with activity level and the level of independency in activities of daily living (ADL) (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Our study identifies several areas of concern for the mental health of older people with a high risk of hospitalization, making it possible to work proactively with these problem areas.

Association of daily physical activity with hypertension, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and poor sleep quality in aged 60-79 older adults

This study aimed to assess its relationship between physical activity with health-related indicators in older population of the China. Cross-sectional data of 1,327 individuals aged 60-79 years were analyzed. Based on the Fifth National Physical Fitness Monitoring Program, depressive symptom and loneliness were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Emotional versus Social Loneliness Scales, respectively. Sleep quality was evaluated through self-designed questionnaire and hypertension was defined as blood pressure > 140/90 mmHg. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form was conducted to assess the physical activity (minutes and frequency) in different domains (domestic, transport, work, and leisure). Multivariable-adjusted binary logistic regression models estimated for the prevalence of health-related indicators, considering PA level, duration, frequency, and combinations of different domains of PA. In the study, favorable associations were observed between moderate to high level PA and reductions in 4 health-related indicators, especially for active frequency. Moreover, a combination of transport, domestic, and leisure PA was found to be a general protective factor for health-related indicators. In summary, this study highlights the positive impact of PA on older adults' health and provides valuable insights into the role of different PA patterns, offering a theoretical basis for developing PA guidelines, policies, and health interventions.

Health-Related Quality of Life among Elderly Patients in Urban Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Quality of life (QoL) focuses on a person's ability to live a fulfilling life. It helps in determining successful aging in the elderly population. Because of a scarcity of information regarding predictors of QoL in the elderly population in developing countries, this study was undertaken to assess the overall QoL and its predictors in the elderly population in an urban setting of Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional study, 275 participants were enrolled by systematic sampling at the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected by using a pretested semi-structured standard questionnaire for QoL (OPQOL-35). Pearson's correlation was used to assess the association between QoL and sociodemographic factors. Multivariate linear regression was conducted to identify predictors of QoL, after controlling for potential confounders. The median age of the participants (n = 275) was 65 years (range, 60 to 85; 25th and 75th percentile, 60 and 68, respectively). The majority (78%) of them were married, and 20% were widowed or divorced. The median score of QoL was 113 (25th and 75th percentile, 101 and 124, respectively). Most of the participants had very poor (bad as can be) or poor (bad) QoL. Only 7.3% were observed to have "good" QoL (scores 140 or more). Females had significantly poorer QoL scores compared to males (p < 0.001). Age, gender, educational status, smoking, and sleep duration significantly predicted QoL in a multiple regression analysis. In conclusion, the QoL of the elderly individuals in Bangladesh was very poor or poor. Future research should focus on service-oriented interventions, especially targeting women. Counseling elderly people to enhance their quality of life may include improving sleep patterns, healthy diets, regular exercise, and caring for their mental health.

A study on the physical aging characteristics of the older people over 70 years old in China

Aim

In China, with the increase of life expectancy and the decrease of fertility rate, the aging problem has become increasingly prominent, and the physical problems of the older people over 70 years are the key and difficult problems.

Method

Based on the interactive logic between the aging problem and the older people health, in the study, a questionnaire survey and a nationwide physical fitness test were carried out on the older people over 70, to divide into different age groups (70-74 years old, 75-79 years old, 80-84 years old, 85 years old and older) and different genders. There were 8,400 valid samples, and 1,050 persons in each group. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences among groups of different ages, and a broken line chart was drawn to discuss the aging characteristics of various physical indexes of the older people over 70 in China.

Result

(1) Body morphology: male waist circumference, male waist-to-height ratio and female BMI showed a gradual downward trend with the increase of age; (2) Physiological function: male and female vital capacity showed a decreasing trend with the increase of age, while female pulse pressure showed a gradual upward trend. (3) Physical quality: the indicators of male and female muscle strength, flexibility quality, aerobic endurance and balance showed a downward trend with the increase of age.

Conclusion

Vital capacity, flexibility quality, muscle strength, aerobic endurance, balance ability and so on, decreased significantly with the growth of age. 80 years old is the inflection point of the rapid decline of various indicators. Blood pressure, silent pulse, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio and other indicators did not change regularly with age. Indicators such as blood pressure, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio were in the high-risk range of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The study conducted physical fitness test on the older people over 70 years old in 7 geographical regions of China, which is the first nationwide physical fitness test for the older people, which is an extension and expansion of the national physical fitness monitoring system, and also shows that the test indicators involved in the "Health fitness scale" are simple and feasible. And the study added a series of test data over 70 years old, which is the basis for scientific and reasonable formulation of physical fitness evaluation standards for the older people, and is of great significance for improving the national physical fitness database and grasping the dynamic changes of national physical health status, and providing data support for scientific guidance of physical exercise for the older people.

Effects of Mind-Body Qigong Exercise on Overall Health, Fatigue/Sleep, and Cognition in Older Chinese Immigrants in the US: An Intervention Study with Control

Background

Culturally relevant exercises may help improve health and address disparities faced by older immigrants due to language and cultural barriers. Few studies have focused on such exercise interventions among older Chinese immigrants at US daycare centers.

Methods

We conducted a 10-week nonrandomized controlled trial in older Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia, US. The intervention group practiced Chinese Qigong (Baduanjin) 5 days a week guided by trained research assistants and video instructions. The control group maintained their usual daily activities. We collected self-report assessments on overall health, sleep, and fatigue and implemented two computerized cognitive tests measuring psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and memory twice, preintervention and postintervention. Repeated measures general linear model (GLM) and paired samples t-tests were used for data analyses.

Results

Eighty-eight older adults (Qigong, n = 53; control, n = 35) with an average age of 78.13 (SD = 5.05) were included. Groups showed no significant differences at baseline evaluation. After the 10-week exercise, the intervention group showed significant improvements in overall health (p=0.032), fatigue (p < 0.001), and cognitive functions including memory (p=0.01), response speed (p=0.002), and response time (p=0.012) on the PVT, as well as marginally significant benefits in sleep (p=0.058). Between-group comparisons identified significant group-by-time interactions in health (p=0.024), sleep (p=0.004), fatigue (p=0.004), and memory (p=0.004).

Conclusion

We revealed significant positive effects of Qigong in older Chinese immigrants across multiple health domains. Findings highlight the potential of a culturally relevant exercise in addressing health disparities.

Health-related quality of life in older women with injuries: a nationwide study

Objectives

This study aims to describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and influencing factors of older women who experienced injuries.

Methods

This study is a secondary analysis of data from 4,217 women aged 65 years or older sampled from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2016-2020) database. Two-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.

Results

The mean HRQoL scores of older women with and without injuries were 0.81 ± 0.19 (n = 328) and 0.85 ± 0.17 (n = 3,889), respectively, which were significantly different (p < 0.001). The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that working, physical activity, BMI, osteoarthritis, stress, and subjective health status significantly affected the HRQoL of older women with injuries, and the explanatory power of the model was 29%.

Conclusion

The results of this study on factors affecting HRQoL can contribute to the understanding of the experience of older women with injuries and can be used as a reference to develop health promotion programs.

Quality of life profiles and their associations with depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment of community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong

Background

This study aimed to (1) explore the quality of life (QoL) profiles of older adults in Hong Kong and (2) examine their association with predictors (age, sex, body mass index, and depressive symptoms) and distal outcome (cognitive impairment) using a person-centered approach.

Methods

A total number of 328 community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong were invited to participate in this study. Data from 259 older adults were identified as valid for the primary analysis. Latent profile analysis was used to explore QoL profiles. Multinomial logistic regression using the R3STEP function in Mplus was used to explore the predictive role of age, sex, body mass index, and depressive symptoms in profile membership. The Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars approach was used to examine how the distal outcome of cognitive impairment differs as a function of QoL profiles.

Results

Three QoL profiles emerged from the latent profile analysis (Low, Moderate and High QoL). It was found that depression, but not age, sex, or body mass index, significantly predicted QoL profile membership. The results of the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars analysis revealed no significant differences in cognitive impairment across the three QoL profiles.

Conclusion

This is the first study that examined the relationship between QoL, depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment of older adults using a person-centered approach. The findings provide additional information for the evidence obtained from variable-centered approach on the associations among variables abovementioned. Our additional focus on the antecedents of emergent QoL profiles also provide practical knowledge regarding timely treatment for or prevention of depressive symptoms, which we submit will be crucial for enhancing the QoL of older adults.

The relationship between anthropometric indicators and health-related quality of life in a community-based adult population: A cross-sectional study in Southern China

Background

This study was designed to analyze the relationship of waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), relative fat mass (RFM), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the community-dwelling population of southern China and to explore the independent contribution of socio-demographic characteristics, number of chronic diseases and anthropometric indicators to HRQoL in that population.

Methods

This community-based cross-sectional survey studied 2,663 adults aged 18 years and older. HRQoL was assessed by the 3-level EuroQol 5-dimensional scale (EQ-5D-3L), and HRQoL were calculated using the Chinese EQ-5D-3L value set. The outcome variable was the EQ-5D-3L score (HRQoL). Cluster regression was used to analyse the independent contribution of each obesity indicator to HRQoL.

Results

A total of 2,663 people participated in this study, and their mean EQ-5D-3L score was 0.938 ± 0.072. In this study, according to the results of the one-way ANOVA, HRQoL was significantly different between the groups of WHtR, WHR, RFM and LAP, respectively. The independent contributions of socio-demographic factors, number of chronic diseases and anthropometric measures to HRQoL in the whole population accounted for 76.2, 7.9, and 15.9% of the total effect, respectively.

Conclusion

RFM and LAP were found to have a previously unreported negative impact on HRQoL in a community-dwelling population. In future studies, RFM and LAP could be used as new indicators of obesity to predict quality of life in humans.

Longitudinal transition of body mass index status and its associated factors among Chinese middle-aged and older adults in Markov model

Introduction

Body mass index (BMI) has a strong correlation with chronic diseases and all-cause mortality. However, few studies have previously reported the longitudinal transition of BMI status and its influential factors, especially among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

This population-based cohort study involved 6,507 participants derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015, including objectively measured BMI recorded in 26,028 person-year of all observations followed up. Multistate Markov model was performed to estimate the BMI state transition intensity and hazard ratios of each potential exposure risk.

Results

The mean intensity of the population that shifted from normal to overweight was more than twice than shifted to underweight. Besides, a predicted probability was up to 16.16% that the population with overweight would suffer from obesity and more than half of the population with underweight would return to normal weight over a 6-year interval. The study also implied significant effects of baseline age, gender, marital status, education level, alcohol consumption, smoking, depression symptoms, and activities of daily living impairment on BMI status transition to varying degrees.

Conclusions

Findings of this study indicated that the mean transition probability between different BMI statuses varied, specific exposure factors serving as barriers or motivators to future transitions based on current BMI status was clarified for the health promotion strategies.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccines in Beijing: A modeling analysis

BACKGROUND

Since 2007, Beijing has offered a free trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) for residents aged ≥ 60 years and school students. The quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) was administered to school children in 2018 and will be administered to elderly adults in the future. In addition, health care workers (HCWs) who are involved in the prevention and control of COVID-19 were included in the program in 2020. This study aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive list of combined strategies of TIV and QIV for school children, elderly adults, and HCWs to identify the most cost-effective strategy.

METHODS

A decision tree was developed to compare 1-year outcomes of TIV vs. QIV in three risk groups: school children, elderly adults, and HCWs. The outcome was incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Probabilistic sensitivity analyses and scenario analyses were developed to assess the robustness of the results.

RESULTS

From the perspective of society, this study found that the introduction of QIVs can be cost-effective for any and all targeted groups with a willingness-to-pay threshold of 3-fold GDP per capita. Among all programs, program H (all school children, elderly adults, and HCWs received the QIV) showed a 79% probability of being cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 13,580 (95% CI: 13,294, 13,867) US$/QALY and was the preferred option in the base case scenario.

CONCLUSION

The introduction of QIVs to school children, elderly adults, or HCWs is likely to be cost-effective, either separately or collectively. The introduction of QIV to school children, elderly adults, and health care workers simultaneously showed the highest probability of being cost-effective and was the preferred option.

The Association Between Level of Physical Activity and Body Mass Index, and Quality of Life Among Elderly Women

The process of aging leads to changes in functional abilities, fitness levels, level of physical activity, and body mass index (BMI), all of which causes changes in the quality of life. The current study aims to determine the association between the level of physical activity (PA) and BMI, and quality of life (QoL) among elderly women. The total sample numbered 156 women, with an average age of 67.7 ± 5.6 years. To determine the level of physical activity, the self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long Form (IPAQ-LF), was used. To calculate the values of the BMI, the standard procedure recommended by the World Health Organization was used. Quality of life was evaluated using the short form of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire designed by the World Health Organization. All the data were processed using the statistical package for data analysis SPSS 20.0. Pearson's correlation analysis shows statistically significant relations at the level of p < 0.01 between PA and Physical health in Housework = 0.36, Leisure time PA = 0.27, Walking = 0.24, Moderate PA 0.43, Total PA = 0.43, while the correlations between the variables at the significance level of p < 0.05 were determined in PA in transportation = 0.19 and High-intensity PA = 0.16. Multiple linear regression analysis of different levels of PA as independent variables on individual domains of QoL shows that there is an association of PA and Physical health (Sig = 0.000), more precisely, Total PA is statistically the most closely related to Physical health (Sig = 0.000), and then follows PA at work and Social relations (Sig = 0.036). Similar results were obtained when BMI is added to model A. In contrast to model A, model B shows a statistically significant association between PA and BMI with the environmental domain of QoL (Sig = 0.001). The results of the current study indicate that high- and moderate-intensity physical activity both have benefits for physical health, whereas moderate PA showed higher significance levels. Results also show that elderly women with higher BMI values achieve better results in the environmental domain of QoL.

Impact of sense of coherence, resilience and loneliness on quality of life amongst older adults in long-term care: A correlational study using the salutogenic model

AIMS

This study aimed to identify the predicting factors of quality of life (QoL) from a set of psychosocial, sociodemographic and clinical variables amongst older adults in a long-term care setting.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study.

METHOD

The study was conducted in a nursing home and a day care centre from July to December 2019. Two hundred older adults were recruited. Guided by the salutogenic model, the sense of coherence (SOC) scale, Connor-Davidson resilience scale, de Jong Gierveld loneliness scale and World Health Organization quality of life instrument-older adults (WHOQOL-OLD) were used. The sociodemographic and clinical profiles of participants were collected. Descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, independent-samples t test, one-way analysis of variance and stepwise regression were utilised in the analysis.

RESULTS

The mean score for WHOQOL-OLD was 94.42 ± 19.55. The highest mean score was observed in the "Death and Dying" facet, while the lowest mean scores were reflected in the "Autonomy" and "Intimacy" facets of QoL. Regardless of resident type, most QoL scores were similar across different variables. Based on the stepwise regression, higher manageability and meaningfulness in SOC, higher resilience, lower social loneliness, lower emotional loneliness and hearing impairments are significantly associated with higher QoL.

CONCLUSION

Manageability, meaningfulness and resilience should be enhanced while ameliorating feelings of loneliness to improve the QoL amongst older adults receiving long-term care. Age, marital status, educational level, care arrangement, body mass index, performance in activities of daily living, comorbidities and hearing and mobility impairments could influence QoL and thus warrant more attention.

IMPACT

Future interventions can be conducted in group sessions to facilitate social interaction and alleviate loneliness. More resources should be allocated to enhance older adults' care arrangements and coping mechanisms to provide them with the support, as they face challenges in daily life due to mobility impairment and other restrictions.

Optimal empiric treatment for KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in critically ill patients with normal or decreased renal function using Monte Carlo simulation

BACKGROUND

Limited clinical studies describe the pharmacodynamics of fosfomycin (FOS), tigecycline (TGC) and colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) in combination against KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp). Population pharmacokinetic models were used in our study. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to calculate probability of target attainment (PTA) and cumulative fraction of response (CFR) of each agent alone and in combination against KPC-Kp in patients with normal or decreased renal function.

RESULTS

The simulated regimen of FOS 6 g q8h reached ≥90% PTA against a MIC of 64 mg/L in patients with normal renal function. For patients with renal impairment, FOS 4 g q8h could provide sufficient antimicrobial coverage against a MIC of 128 mg/L. And increasing the daily dose could result to the cut-off value to 256 mg/L in decreased renal function. For TGC, conventional dosing regimens failed to reach 90% PTA against a MIC of 2 mg/L. Higher loading and daily doses (TGC 200/400 mg loading doses followed by 100 mg q12h/200 mg q24h) were needed. For CMS, none achieved 90% PTA against a MIC of 2 mg/L in normal renal function. Against KPC-Kp, the regimens of 200/400 mg loading dose followed by 100 q12h /200 mg q24h achieved > 80% CFRs regardless of renal function, followed by CMS 9 million IU loading dose followed by 4.5/3 million IU q12h in combination with FOS 8 g q8h (CFR 75-91%).

CONCLUSIONS

The use of a loading dose and high daily dose of TGC and CMS in combination with FOS can provide sufficient antimicrobial coverage against critically ill patients infected with KPC-Kp.

Stay Slim or Get Fat?: An Examination of the "Jolly Fat" Effect in Chinese Older Adults

Purpose

The association between body mass index (BMI) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has not been verified neither in China nor in any other Asian country. This study aimed to examine the association between BMI and HRQOL in the Chinese older adults population.

Methods

A total of 5018 older adults from the China’s Health-Related Quality of Life Survey for Older Adults 2018 was included in this study. The HRQOL was measured by the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-OLD). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the associations between BMI and HRQOL among the older adults in rural, urban, and total samples.

Results

After adjusting all the confounders, compared with normal weight group, underweight was negatively correlated with the total scores of HRQOL among the older adults in rural (B= −2.310, p < 0.01), urban (B= −1.019, p < 0.001), and total samples (B= −2.351, p < 0.001), whereas overweight was positively associated with the total scores of HRQOL among the older adults in rural samples (B= 0.888, p < 0.05). The results showed that obesity was not associated with the total scores of HRQOL among the older adults in rural (B= −1.214, p > 0.05), urban (B= −0.074, p > 0.05), and total samples (B= −1.461, p > 0.05).

Conclusion

This study suggests that obese Chinese older adults did not show a better quality of life than those of normal weight. But this result does not deny the “jolly fat” hypothesis entirely, as the overweight older adults from rural areas showed better HRQOL. Moreover, underweight older people show a poorer HRQOL. The relationship between BMI and HRQOL in the older adults needs to be differentiated according to different characteristics of the population.

Addressing Obesity to Promote Healthy Aging

The population worldwide is aging and prevalence of obesity in this population is increasing. The range of consequences that effect these at-risk patients include increased risk of falls, fractures, reduced quality of life, and cognitive decline. This article describes the epidemiology of obesity, risks and benefits of weight loss, and importance of treating obesity to help promote healthy aging. Health care professionals should encourage older adults with obesity to implement healthy lifestyle behaviors including exercise and diet routine. Treating obesity in older adults mitigates the significant public health crisis, and reduces health care utilization and risk of long-term adverse events.

Cost-effectiveness of quadrivalent versus trivalent influenza vaccine for elderly population in China

BACKGROUND

Influenza-associated excess death occurred most in the elderly. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) versus trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) for prevention of influenza infection among elderly population in China.

METHODS

A decision-analytic model was developed to compare 1-year clinical and economic outcomes of three influenza vaccination options (no vaccination, TIV, and QIV) in a hypothetical cohort of Chinese elderly aged 69 years. Outcome measures included cost, influenza infection rate, influenza-related mortality rate, quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) loss, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) from societal perspective. Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the uncertainty of model inputs.

RESULTS

Base-case results showed no vaccination was dominated (more costly at higher QALY loss) by TIV and QIV. QIV was more costly (USD56.29 versus USD54.28) with lower influenza infection rate (0.608 versus 0.623), mortality rate (0.00199 versus 0.00204), and QALY loss (0.01213 versus 0.01243) than TIV. QIV was cost-effective compared to TIV with ICER of 6,700 USD/QALY below the willingness-to-pay threshold (29,580 USD/QALY). One-way sensitivity analysis found the cost-effectiveness of QIV was subject to the relative risk of vaccine effectiveness of QIV versus TIV, and TIV would be cost-effective if the relative risk was below 1.05. In 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations, the probabilities of QIV, TIV, and no vaccination to be cost-effective were 86.3%, 13.7%, and 0%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

QIV appears to be a cost-effective option compared to TIV and no influenza vaccination for elderly population in China.

Health-Related Quality of Life of People with Self-Reported Hypertension: A National Cross-Sectional Survey in China

This study aimed to determine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with self-reported diagnosed hypertension and its determinants in China. Data was obtained from the 5th National Health Services Survey. The HRQoL of the respondents who were 15 years or older was assessed with the EQ-5D-3L utility index and visual analogue scale (VAS), and compared between those with (n = 30,063) and without (n = 158,657) self-reported hypertension. Multivariate logistic regression, Tobit regression, and linear regression models were established to identify predictors of HRQoL. A difference of half standard deviation was deemed as minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the utility index (0.03). The respondents with self-reported hypertension were more likely to report problems in the five dimensions (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.43–1.70) of the EQ-5D-3L, resulting in a significant lower utility index (β = −0.04) and VAS scores (β = −3.22) compared with those without self-reported hypertension, and the difference of the utility index exceeded MCID. In the respondents with self-reported hypertension, higher utility index and VAS scores were found in those who were female, younger, married, employed, smoking, drinking, exercising regularly, absent from comorbidity, resided in the eastern developed region, had normal body mass index, higher levels of education, and income. Hypertension management programs were associated with higher utility index (β = 0.01) and VAS scores (β = 1.02). Overall, hypertension is associated with lower HRQoL. Higher socioeconomic status and participation in management programs for chronic conditions are independent predictors of higher HRQoL of hypertensive people. This study provides a national representative estimate on the HRQoL of hypertensive people in China, which can be used for calculating the burden of hypertension.