1
|
Persia S, Holmlund-Suila E, Valkama S, Enlund-Cerullo M, Rosendahl J, Andersson S, Mäkitie O, Hauta-alus H. Bone turnover markers, and growth and bone parameters in infants participating in a vitamin D intervention study. Endocr Connect 2025; 14:e240482. [PMID: 39555588 PMCID: PMC11728877 DOI: 10.1530/ec-24-0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
Amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP) and carboxy-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX-I) are markers of bone metabolism. We examined the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on these markers and their relationship with growth and bone parameters in 12-month-old infants. In a randomized, double-blinded, vitamin D intervention in infants (VIDI) study, 987 infants received daily vitamin D3 supplementation of 10 μg (group-10) or 30 μg (group-30) from age 2 weeks to 24 months. We conducted a secondary analysis of the original VIDI trial. At 12 months of age, P1NP (n = 812) and CTX-I (n = 786) concentrations were analyzed, and anthropometrics and total bone mineral content, volumetric bone mineral density, cross-sectional area and polar moment of inertia of tibia were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The growth rate in weight and length was calculated from birth to 12 months. The vitamin D dose did not influence mean (SD) levels of CTX-I (group-10: 0.90 (0.31); group-30: 0.89 (0.31) (P > 0.53)). The mean difference of P1NP (CI 95%) comparing group-10 with group-30 was 35 (-103, 33) ng/mL (P = 0.31) in boys and -63 (-4, 130) ng/mL (P = 0.064) in girls. In group-10, girls had higher mean (SD) value of P1NP (1509 (362) ng/mL) than boys (1407 (297) ng/mL) (P = 0.003); no sex differences were observed in group-30 (girls: 1446 (359); boys: 1442 (359), P = 0.91) or CTX-I. P1NP associated positively with the growth rate in length (B (CI 95%) 0.0003 (0.0001, 0.001), P = 0.022) in the whole cohort but not in subgroups divided by the intervention group or sex, adjusted for birth size and parental heights and corrected for multiple testing. P1NP associated positively with the growth rate in weight (0.01 (0.0003, 0.01), P < 0.001). An inverse association was observed between CTX-I and length (cm) in the whole cohort (-0.90 (-1.40, -0.40), P = 0.005) and in group-30 (-1.05 (-1.72, -0.39), P = 0.011). Furthermore, CTX-I associated negatively with weight (SDS) in the whole cohort (-0.33 (-0.55, -0.12), P = 0.015) and the growth rate in weight (-0.43 (-0.66, -0.20), P = 0.005), persisting in group-30 and in boys but not in group-10 or in girls. Neither marker was associated with bone parameters. The observed sex difference in P1NP might suggest that a higher vitamin D dose resulted in a small decrease in bone collagen matrix formation in girls but not in boys. P1NP and CTX-I associate with growth and body size but not with bone mineralization in infancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Persia
- Children’s Hospital Bambino Gesù, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Holmlund-Suila
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Valkama
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Enlund-Cerullo
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Rosendahl
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Moecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Hauta-alus
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism (CAMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Population Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stricker A, Fretwurst T, Abdullayeva A, Bosshardt D, Aghaloo T, Duttenhöfer F, Cordaro L, Nelson K, Gross C. Vitality of autologous retromolar bone grafts for alveolar ridge augmentation after a 3-months healing period: A prospective histomorphometrical analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024; 35:1151-1162. [PMID: 38847078 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The incorporation of retromolar bone grafts used for alveolar ridge augmentation is not well understood. This prospective observational study aims to supply histomorphometrical data from bone graft biopsies taken at the time of retrieval and after a 3-month healing period using patient-matched biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 17 patients, trephine biopsies of the graft were acquired at the time of graft retrieval and after a 3-month healing period. The biopsies were compared histomorphometrically regarding the number of osteocytes, appearance of osteocyte lacunae, quantity, surface area, and activity of the Haversian canals. RESULTS All grafts appeared clinically stable after screw removal and 17 implants were placed. Histomorphometric analysis revealed no significant difference in the number of osteocytes (p = .413), osteocyte lacunae (p = .611), the ratio of filled/empty osteocyte lacunae (p = .467) and active Haversian canals (p = .495) between the biopsies retrieved after a 3-months healing period with those at the time of grafting. The only significant difference was noted in the mean surface area of the Haversian canals (p = .002). Specifically, the grafts post 3-month healing showed a significantly larger mean area (0.069 mm2) compared to the time of grafting (0.029 mm2). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates, compared to other data, a high rate of vital structures in retromolar bone block grafts after 3 months of healing, exhibiting the same histological features in comparison to the biopsies from the native alveolar ridge. Standard histomorphometrical parameters, e.g., the amount of filled or empty osteocyte lacunae for the description of the vitality of the graft need to be reappraised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres Stricker
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Tobias Fretwurst
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Arzu Abdullayeva
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dieter Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tara Aghaloo
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fabian Duttenhöfer
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Luca Cordaro
- Department of Periodontics and Prosthodontics, Policlinico Umberto I, Eastman Dental Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Christian Gross
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park JH, Park JH, Yu HY, Seok H. Effects of Aging on New Bone Regeneration in a Mandibular Bone Defect in a Rat Model. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:466. [PMID: 39194445 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9080466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of aging on the healing capacity of maxillofacial bone defects have not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aging on the regeneration of round bony defects in the mandible. We created a round-shaped bony defect in the mandibular angle area in rats of different ages (2-[2 M], 10-[10 M], and 20-month-old [20 M]) and evaluated new bone regeneration in these groups. Changes in bone turnover markers such as alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5B (TRAP5b) were investigated. The bone volume/total volume and bone mineral density of the 20 M group were significantly higher than those of the 2 M group (p = 0.029, 0.019). A low level of the bone formation marker PINP was observed in the 20 M group, and a high level of the bone resorption marker TRAP5b was observed in the 10 M and 20 M groups. Micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) results showed that older rats had significantly higher bone formation than younger rats, with lower serum levels of PINP and higher levels of TRAP5b. The local environment of the old rat bone defects, surrounded by thickened bone, may have affected the results of our study. In conclusion, old rats showed greater new bone regeneration and healing capacity for round mandibular bone defects. This result was related to the fact that the bone defects in the 20 M rat group provided more favorable conditions for new bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Park
- Department of Orl and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Orl and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Young Yu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seok
- Department of Orl and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao F, Shi L, Huang Y, Wang Y, Yu M, Wang H. Adjacent tooth migration after maxillary first molar loss in patients with sinus augmentation: A retrospective research. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2023; 25:1080-1090. [PMID: 37496294 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives of this study are to: (1) investigate the extent of antagonistic and distal neighboring tooth migration in the maxillary posterior single tooth-missing site during the healing period of bone augmentation and implant surgery; (2) identify factors associated with tooth migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and forty-three cases that lost the maxillary first molar were included, and their CBCT data during the edentulous period were obtained. Dentition models were reconstructed from CBCT, and superimpositions were performed, followed by measuring migration distances and calculating migration rates of antagonistic and distal neighboring teeth. Factors were analyzed using multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE). RESULTS The mean migration distances were 208 ± 137 μm and 403 ± 605 μm for antagonistic teeth and distal teeth, and the mean migration rates were 26.8 ± 21.2 μm/month and 48.5 ± 76.7 μm/month, respectively. One hundred and nineteen out of 143 distal neighboring teeth migrated toward the edentulous site, and all antagonistic teeth migrated occlusally. Occlusal contact loss and chronic apical periodontitis both significantly accelerated antagonistic tooth migration (p < 0.05), the latter also accelerated distal tooth migration (p < 0.05). Besides, the displacement of the distal teeth was somewhat accelerated by the impacted adjacent third molar and root protrusion into the sinus. CONCLUSIONS The neighboring teeth tend to migrate toward the edentulous gap in the maxillary posterior region. Occlusal contact loss and chronic apical periodontitis are two significant risk factors for accelerating antagonistic tooth migration, and for distal teeth, chronic apical periodontitis is the risk factor. The impacted adjacent third molar and root protrusion into the sinus are also potential risk factors for accelerating the migration of the maxillary distal tooth. Thus, to prevent maxillary edentulous gap reduction, the factors mentioned above should be taken into consideration when planning treatment flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiya Zhao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yilun Huang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengfei Yu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao Y, Jia T, Wang Z. Comparative analysis of anchorage strength and histomorphometric changes after implantation of miniscrews in adults and adolescents: an experimental study in Beagles. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:639. [PMID: 37670309 PMCID: PMC10478492 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the differences in anchorage strength and histomorphometric changes in orthodontic miniscrews between adult and adolescent beagles. MATERIAL AND METHOD Six adult beagles and six young beagles were used as experimental subjects, and eight miniscrews were symmetrically placed in the posterior mandible of each dog. Measurement of the displacement (mm) of two adjacent miniscrews after load application was performed to compare the anchorage strength between the adult and adolescent groups. Three intravital bone fluorochromes (oxytetracycline, calcein green, xylenol orange) were administered postoperatively to mark the active bone-forming surface. Subsequently, the mineral apposition rate and bone-implant contact ratio were measured for dynamic and static histomorphometry. Finally, the expression levels of the RANKL/OPG ratio were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The average displacement of miniscrews in the adult group was significantly less than that in the adolescent group after load application. For histomorphometry analysis, the mineral exposure rate in the adolescent group was higher than that in the adult group with or without force application. In addition, more fractures and new bone formation but deceased bone-implant contact ratios were observed in the adolescent group than in the adult group. The ratio of RANKL/OPG expression increased more in the adolescent group than in the adult group. CONCLUSION Miniscrews do not remain in the same position as skeletal anchors, and the amount of displacement was higher in adolescent group than that in adult group, reflecting the weaker anchorage strength of miniscrews in adolescents due to the higher bone turnover rate and active bone remodelling. Therefore, it is feasible to apply orthodontic loading to the miniscrews in adult patients earlier, even immediately, but it is recommended to wait a period for the adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - TingTing Jia
- Department of Orthodontics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maciejewski M, Siódmiak J, Borkowski B, Lorkowski M, Olszewska-Słonina DM. Lipid Peroxidation as a Possible Factor Affecting Bone Resorption in Obese Subjects-Preliminary Research. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11629. [PMID: 37511388 PMCID: PMC10380302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, which promotes bone catabolism, also affects the quality of bone tissue. We aimed to assess the impact of metabolic disorders and oxidant-antioxidant imbalance associated with primary obesity on bone resorption and formation processes. Anthropometric parameters, metabolic variables, oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde, vitamins A and E, uric acid, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, type 1 paraoxonase, iron-reducing plasma antioxidant power) and markers of bone turnover (type I procollagen N-terminal propeptide and the type I collagen C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide; P1NP and CTX) were assessed in 108 Polish participants. Under the influence of oxidative stress, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense mechanisms were stimulated in obese subjects, especially in women, who had increased lipid peroxidation and activity of catalase (particularly in first-degree obesity) and decreased vitamin E concentration. The process of lipid peroxidation, as well as the weakening of the bone formation, was strongly manifested in women at a BMI range of 35.0-39.9 kg/m2 but not at BMI > 40.0 kg/m2, but it had a comprehensive negative impact on bone turnover in obese men. Obesity and its degree of advancement significantly affected the decrease in the concentration of the marker of bone formation-P1NP-only in the plasma of women. Excessive body weight had no effect on the value of the bone resorption marker in plasma, regardless of gender. Our results confirm the existence of the "obesity paradox" in the aspect of bone tissue metabolism and suggest that a specific body weight threshold changed the molecular response of the tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Maciejewski
- Clinical Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of the Musculoskeletal System, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital in Bydgoszcz, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna Siódmiak
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Borkowski
- Clinical Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of the Musculoskeletal System, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital in Bydgoszcz, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Matthias Lorkowski
- Clinical Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of the Musculoskeletal System, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital in Bydgoszcz, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dorota M Olszewska-Słonina
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lu W, Duan Y, Li K, Qiu J, Cheng Z. Glucose uptake and distribution across the human skeleton using state-of-the-art total-body PET/CT. Bone Res 2023; 11:36. [PMID: 37407553 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have demonstrated that the skeleton is an endocrine organ that is involved in glucose metabolism and plays a significant role in human glucose homeostasis. However, there is still a limited understanding of the in vivo glucose uptake and distribution across the human skeleton. To address this issue, we aimed to elucidate the detailed profile of glucose uptake across the skeleton using a total-body positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. A total of 41 healthy participants were recruited. Two of them received a 1-hour dynamic total-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET scan, and all of them received a 10-minute static total-body 18F-FDG PET scan. The net influx rate (Ki) and standardized uptake value normalized by lean body mass (SUL) were calculated as indicators of glucose uptake from the dynamic and static PET data, respectively. The results showed that the vertebrae, hip bone and skull had relatively high Ki and SUL values compared with metabolic organs such as the liver. Both the Ki and SUL were higher in the epiphyseal, metaphyseal and cortical regions of long bones. Moreover, trends associated with age and overweight with glucose uptake (SULmax and SULmean) in bones were uncovered. Overall, these results indicate that the skeleton is a site with significant glucose uptake, and skeletal glucose uptake can be affected by age and dysregulated metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China
| | - Yanhua Duan
- Department of PET-CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of PET-CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China.
| | - Zhaoping Cheng
- Department of PET-CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fensham NC, Heikura IA, McKay AKA, Tee N, Ackerman KE, Burke LM. Short-Term Carbohydrate Restriction Impairs Bone Formation at Rest and During Prolonged Exercise to a Greater Degree than Low Energy Availability. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1915-1925. [PMID: 35869933 PMCID: PMC9804216 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone stress injuries are common in athletes, resulting in time lost from training and competition. Diets that are low in energy availability have been associated with increased circulating bone resorption and reduced bone formation markers, particularly in response to prolonged exercise. However, studies have not separated the effects of low energy availability per se from the associated reduction in carbohydrate availability. The current study aimed to compare the effects of these two restricted states directly. In a parallel group design, 28 elite racewalkers completed two 6-day phases. In the Baseline phase, all athletes adhered to a high carbohydrate/high energy availability diet (CON). During the Adaptation phase, athletes were allocated to one of three dietary groups: CON, low carbohydrate/high fat with high energy availability (LCHF), or low energy availability (LEA). At the end of each phase, a 25-km racewalk was completed, with venous blood taken fasted, pre-exercise, and 0, 1, 3 hours postexercise to measure carboxyterminal telopeptide (CTX), procollagen-1 N-terminal peptide (P1NP), and osteocalcin (carboxylated, gla-OC; undercarboxylated, glu-OC). Following Adaptation, LCHF showed decreased fasted P1NP (~26%; p < 0.0001, d = 3.6), gla-OC (~22%; p = 0.01, d = 1.8), and glu-OC (~41%; p = 0.004, d = 2.1), which were all significantly different from CON (p < 0.01), whereas LEA demonstrated significant, but smaller, reductions in fasted P1NP (~14%; p = 0.02, d = 1.7) and glu-OC (~24%; p = 0.049, d = 1.4). Both LCHF (p = 0.008, d = 1.9) and LEA (p = 0.01, d = 1.7) had significantly higher CTX pre-exercise to 3 hours post-exercise but only LCHF showed lower P1NP concentrations (p < 0.0001, d = 3.2). All markers remained unchanged from Baseline in CON. Short-term carbohydrate restriction appears to result in reduced bone formation markers at rest and during exercise with further exercise-related increases in a marker of bone resorption. Bone formation markers during exercise seem to be maintained with LEA although resorption increased. In contrast, nutritional support with adequate energy and carbohydrate appears to reduce unfavorable bone turnover responses to exercise in elite endurance athletes. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita C Fensham
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ida A Heikura
- Canadian Sport Institute Pacific, Victoria, Canada.,Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Alannah K A McKay
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicolin Tee
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Ackerman
- Divisions of Sports Medicine and Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Louise M Burke
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lu W, Cheng Z, Xie X, Li K, Duan Y, Li M, Ma C, Liu S, Qiu J. An atlas of glucose uptake across the entire human body as measured by the total-body PET/CT scanner: a pilot study. LIFE METABOLISM 2022; 1:190-199. [PMID: 39872349 PMCID: PMC11749875 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/loac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Glucose uptake differs in organs and tissues across the human body. To date, however, there has been no single atlas providing detailed glucose uptake profiles across the entire human body. Therefore, we aimed to generate a detailed profile of glucose uptake across the entire human body using the uEXPLORER positron emission tomography/computed tomography scanner, which offers the opportunity to collect glucose metabolic imaging quickly and simultaneously in all sites of the body. The standardized uptake value normalized by lean body mass (SUL) of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose was used as a measure of glucose uptake. We developed a fingerprint of glucose uptake reflecting the mean SULs of major organs and parts across the entire human body in 15 healthy-weight and 18 overweight subjects. Using the segmentation of organs and body parts from the atlas, we uncovered the significant impacts of age, sex, and obesity on glucose uptake in organs and parts across the entire body. A difference was recognized between the right and left side of the body. Overall, we generated a total-body glucose uptake atlas that could be used as the reference for the diagnosis and evaluation of disordered states involving dysregulated glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Zhaoping Cheng
- Department of PET/CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xue Xie
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of PET/CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Yanhua Duan
- Department of PET/CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun Z, Chai J, Zhou Q, Xu J. Establishment of gender- and age-specific reference intervals for serum liver function tests among the elderly population in northeast China: a retrospective study. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2022; 32:020707. [PMID: 35799982 PMCID: PMC9195600 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2022.020707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reference intervals (RIs) for younger population may not apply to the elderly population. The aim of this study was to establish gender- and age-specific RIs for serum liver function tests among the elderly population and to compare with younger population RIs currently used in China and other countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study, and subjects (≥ 18 year-old) were recruited from the laboratory information system (LIS) at the First Hospital of Jilin University between April 2020 and April 2021. The following parameters were collected: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL). The Tukey method was used to eliminate outliers. Reference intervals were established by the nonparametric method. RESULTS A total of 23,597 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. From all parameters AST, ALT, TP and ALB required no gender partition, while ALT, GGT, TP, ALB and DBIL required different partitions for age. Activities and concentrations of ALT, ALB, and TP showed a downward trend in the elderly aged 60-89. In contrast, DBIL showed a gradual upward trend. CONCLUSION The RIs for liver function tests among healthy elderly population were different from those among young population in China. There were apparent gender and age differences in the RIs of liver function for elderly and significant differences compared with national standards and RIs in other countries. Therefore, it is necessary to establish gender- and age-specific RIs for serum liver function tests among the elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiatong Chai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiancheng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|