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Ninomiya K, Serruys PW, Garg S, Kageyama S, Kotoku N, Masuda S, Revaiah PC, O'leary N, Kappetein AP, Mack MJ, Holmes DR, Davierwala PM, Mohr FW, Thuijs DJFM, Onuma Y. γ-Glutamyl Transferase and Long-Term Survival in the SYNTAXES Trial: Is It Just the Liver? J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032276. [PMID: 38563386 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, machine learning algorithms have identified preprocedural γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as a significant predictor of long-term mortality after coronary revascularization in the SYNTAX (Synergy Between PCI [Percutaneous Coronary Intervention] With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) trial. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of preprocedural GGT on 10-year all-cause mortality in patients with complex coronary artery disease after revascularization. METHODS AND RESULTS The SYNTAX trial was a randomized trial comparing PCI with coronary artery bypass grafting in 1800 patients with complex coronary artery disease. The present report is a post hoc subanalysis of the SYNTAXES (Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery Extended Survival) trial, an investigator-driven extended 10-year follow-up of the SYNTAX trial. The association between preprocedural GGT and 10-year all-cause mortality was investigated. The mean values of GGT for men and women were 43.5 (SD, 48.5) and 36.4 (SD, 46.1) U/L, respectively. In multivariable Cox regression models adjusted by traditional risk factors, GGT was an independent predictor for all-cause death at 10-year follow-up, and each SD increase in log-GGT was associated with a 1.24-fold risk of all cause death at 10-year follow-up (95% CI, 1.10-1.40). According to previously reported sex-related GGT thresholds, patients with higher GGT level had a 1.74-fold risk of all-cause death at 10-year follow-up (95% CI, 1.32-2.29) compared with patients with lower GGT level. CONCLUSIONS Preprocedural GGT is an independent predictor of 10-year mortality after coronary revascularization in patients with complex coronary artery disease. In patients with elevated GGT, strong secondary prevention may be required after revascularization and must be studied prospectively. REGISTRATION URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03417050.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ninomiya
- Department of Cardiology University of Galway Ireland
| | - Patrick W Serruys
- Department of Cardiology University of Galway Ireland
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London London United Kingdom
| | - Scot Garg
- Department of Cardiology Royal Blackburn Hospital Blackburn United Kingdom
| | | | - Nozomi Kotoku
- Department of Cardiology University of Galway Ireland
| | | | | | - Neil O'leary
- Department of Cardiology University of Galway Ireland
| | - Arie Pieter Kappetein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Michael J Mack
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Baylor University Medical Center Dallas TX
| | - David R Holmes
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN
| | - Piroze M Davierwala
- University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Surgery University of Toronto Canada
| | - Friedrich W Mohr
- University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Daniel J F M Thuijs
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Yoshinobu Onuma
- Department of Cardiology University of Galway Ireland
- Galway University Hospital Galway Ireland
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Chavez-Tapia NC, Sanchez-Jimenez BA, Vidaña-Perez D, Corrales-Rosas B, Balderas-Garces B, Vera-Izaguirre D, Santa Cruz FJ, Maldonado-Garcia C, Juarez-Hernandez E, Uribe M. Predictors for liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic patients with psoriatic diseases: A multicenter cross sectional-study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0290632. [PMID: 38626012 PMCID: PMC11020486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis has been related to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and, liver fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of liver fibrosis in psoriasis and identify predictors for fibrosis. This is a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2012 to June 2016 assessing psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis patients attended at four centers in Mexico City. Data regarding history of the skin disease, previous and current medication, and previously diagnosed liver disease was collected. Liver fibrosis was assessed with four different non-invasive methods (FIB4, APRI, NAFLD score and elastography). We compared data based on the presence of fibrosis. Adjusted-logistic regression models were performed to estimate OR and 95% CI. A total of 160 patients were included. The prevalence of significant fibrosis using elastography was 25% (n = 40), and 7.5% (n = 12) for advanced fibrosis. Patients with fibrosis had higher prevalence of obesity (60% vs 30.8%, P = 0.04), type 2 diabetes (40% vs 27.5%, P = 0.003), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels (70.8±84.4 vs. 40.1±39.2, P = 0.002), and lower platelets (210.7±58.9 vs. 242.8±49.7, P = 0.0009). Multivariate analysis showed that body mass index (OR1.11, 95%CI 1.02-1.21), type 2 diabetes (OR 3.44, 95%CI 1.2-9.88), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (OR 1.01, 95%CI1-1.02) were associated with the presence of fibrosis. The use of methotrexate was not associated. Patients with psoriasis are at higher risk of fibrosis. Metabolic dysfunction, rather than solely the use of hepatotoxic drugs, likely plays a major role; it may be beneficial to consider elastography regardless of the treatment used. Metabolic factors should be assessed, and lifestyle modification should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Carlos Chavez-Tapia
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit and Translational Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Desiree Vidaña-Perez
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Corrales-Rosas
- Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Brenda Balderas-Garces
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit and Translational Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Vera-Izaguirre
- Dermatology Department, Dr. Manuel Gea González General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fermin Jurado Santa Cruz
- Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua" Dermatologic Center, Secretaria de Salud del Distrito Federal, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cesar Maldonado-Garcia
- Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua" Dermatologic Center, Secretaria de Salud del Distrito Federal, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eva Juarez-Hernandez
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit and Translational Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Misael Uribe
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit and Translational Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
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Zhang C, Lin F, Guo DF, Wang QL, Xiao DX, Lin JY, Chen S. Assessing the causal link between liver function and acute pancreatitis: A Mendelian randomisation study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300890. [PMID: 38578756 PMCID: PMC10997074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
A correlation has been reported to exist between exposure factors (e.g. liver function) and acute pancreatitis. However, the specific causal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to infer the causal relationship between liver function and acute pancreatitis using the Mendelian randomisation method. We employed summary data from a genome-wide association study involving individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and FinnGen. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SCNPs), closely associated with liver function, served as instrumental variables. We used five regression models for causality assessment: MR-Egger regression, the random-effect inverse variance weighting method (IVW), the weighted median method (WME), the weighted model, and the simple model. We assessed the heterogeneity of the SNPs using Cochran's Q test. Multi-effect analysis was performed using the intercept term of the MR-Egger method and leave-one-out detection. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to evaluate the causal relationship between liver function and acute pancreatitis risk. A total of 641 SNPs were incorporated as instrumental variables. The MR-IVW method indicated a causal effect of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) on acute pancreatitis (OR = 1.180, 95%CI [confidence interval]: 1.021-1.365, P = 0.025), suggesting that GGT may influence the incidence of acute pancreatitis. Conversely, the results for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (OR = 0.997, 95%CI: 0.992-1.002, P = 0.197) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (OR = 0.939, 95%CI: 0.794-1.111, P = 0.464) did not show a causal effect on acute pancreatitis. Additionally, neither the intercept term nor the zero difference in the MR-Egger regression attained statistical significance (P = 0.257), and there were no observable gene effects. This study suggests that GGT levels are a potential risk factor for acute pancreatitis and may increase the associated risk. In contrast, ALP and AST levels did not affect the risk of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - Deng-fang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - Qing-lin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - De-xian Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-yuan Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Li XM, Liu SL, He YJ, Shu JC. Using new indices to predict metabolism dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD): analysis of the national health and nutrition examination survey database. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:109. [PMID: 38491451 PMCID: PMC10943835 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolism dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is the most common chronic liver disease. Few MAFLD predictions are simple and accurate. We examined the predictive performance of the albumin-to-glutamyl transpeptidase ratio (AGTR), plasma atherogenicity index (AIP), and serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) for MAFLD to design practical, inexpensive, and reliable models. METHODS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016 cycle dataset, which contained 12,654 participants, was filtered and randomly separated into internal validation and training sets. This study examined the relationships of the AGTR and AIP with MAFLD using binary multifactor logistic regression. We then created a MAFLD predictive model using the training dataset and validated the predictive model performance with the 2017-2018 NHANES and internal datasets. RESULTS In the total population, the predictive ability (AUC) of the AIP, AGTR, UHR, and the combination of all three for MAFLD showed in the following order: 0.749, 0.773, 0.728 and 0.824. Further subgroup analysis showed that the AGTR (AUC1 = 0.796; AUC2 = 0.690) and the combination of the three measures (AUC1 = 0.863; AUC2 = 0.766) better predicted MAFLD in nondiabetic patients. Joint prediction outperformed the individual measures in predicting MAFLD in the subgroups. Additionally, the model better predicted female MAFLD. Adding waist circumference and or BMI to this model improves predictive performance. CONCLUSION Our study showed that the AGTR, AIP, and UHR had strong MAFLD predictive value, and their combination can increase MAFLD predictive performance. They also performed better in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital(Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Lian Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Jun He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital(Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital(Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Kumaragurubaran N, Tsai HT, Arul P, Huang ST, Lin HY. Development of an activity-based ratiometric electrochemical probe of the tumor biomarker γ-glutamyl transpeptidase: Rapid and convenient sensing in whole blood, urine and live-cell samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115996. [PMID: 38183789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is a key biomarker for cancer diagnosis and post-treatment surveillance. Currently available methods for sensing GGT show high potential, but face certain challenges including an inability to be used to directly sense analytes in turbid biofluid samples such as whole blood without tedious sample pretreatment. To overcome this issue, activity-based electrochemical probes (GTLP and GTLPOH) were herein developed for a convenient and specific direct targeting of GGT activity in turbid biosamples. Both probes were designed to have GGT catalyze the hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl amide moiety of the probe, and result in a self-immolative reaction and concomitant ejection of the masked amino ferrocene reporter. The GTLPOH probe, delivered distinctive key results including high sensitivity, high affinity, a wide detection range of 2-100 U/L, and low LOD of 0.38 U/L against GGT. This probe delivered a precise target for sensing GGT and was free of interference from other electroactive biological species. Furthermore, the GTLPOH probe was employed to monitor and quantify the activity of GGT on the surfaces of tumor cells. The designed sensing method was also validated by the direct quantitative measurement of GGT activity in whole blood and urine samples, and the results were found to be consistent with those of the standard fluorometric assay kit. Thus, GTLPOH is of great significance for its promise as a point-of-care tool for early-stage cancer diagnosis as well as a new drug screening method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namasivayam Kumaragurubaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ting Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ponnusamy Arul
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Tung Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC; High-Value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., 10608, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hsin-Yi Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
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Hasan A, Newaj A, Trisha AD, Hafsa JM, Mohanto NC, Ali N. Assessment of the Relationship Between Liver Enzymes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Study in Bangladeshi Adults. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e00481. [PMID: 38494432 PMCID: PMC10944799 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elevated liver enzyme levels are suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have explored the relationship between liver enzymes and myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to evaluate the potential association of elevated liver enzymes with MI within a population group in Bangladesh. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 348 participants were enrolled, 189 with MI in the CVD group and 159 in the control group. Serum levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT and GGT) and other biochemical parameters were measured using standard methods. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to determine the associations between elevated liver enzymes and CVD. RESULT In the CVD group, 51.6%, 30.9% and 67.7% of individuals had elevated serum AST, ALT and GGT levels, respectively. On the contrary, the control group had 17.0%, 15.1% and 35.2% of individuals with high serum AST, ALT and GGT levels, respectively. Overall, 71.8% of the subjects in the CVD group and 44.7% of the subjects in the control group had at least one or more elevated liver enzymes (p < 0.001). The mean level of all three liver enzymes was significantly higher in the CVD group than in the control group (p < 0.001). In both the CVD and control groups, males had higher levels of liver enzymes than females. In the regression models, the serum levels of AST, ALT and GGT showed a positive and independent association with the prevalence of CVD (p < 0.001). However, GGT showed the strongest association among the three enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a high prevalence of liver enzyme abnormalities in individuals with CVD. Serum levels of AST, ALT and GGT were independently associated with the prevalence of CVD. This suggests that measuring liver enzyme levels could be a useful marker in predicting CVD at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akibul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Ali Newaj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Aporajita Das Trisha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Jaasia Momtahena Hafsa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Nayan Chandra Mohanto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Nurshad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
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Harrer P, Inderhees J, Zhao C, Schormair B, Tilch E, Gieger C, Peters A, Jöhren O, Fleming T, Nawroth PP, Berger K, Hermesdorf M, Winkelmann J, Schwaninger M, Oexle K. Phenotypic and genome-wide studies on dicarbonyls: major associations to glomerular filtration rate and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. EBioMedicine 2024; 101:105007. [PMID: 38354534 PMCID: PMC10875252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dicarbonyl compounds methylglyoxal (MG), glyoxal (GO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) have been linked to various diseases. However, disease-independent phenotypic and genotypic association studies with phenome-wide and genome-wide reach, respectively, have not been provided. METHODS MG, GO and 3-DG were measured by LC-MS in 1304 serum samples of two populations (KORA, n = 482; BiDirect, n = 822) and assessed for associations with genome-wide SNPs (GWAS) and with phenome-wide traits. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to identify major independent trait associations. FINDINGS Mutual correlations of dicarbonyls were highly significant, being stronger between MG and GO (ρ = 0.6) than between 3-DG and MG or GO (ρ = 0.4). Significant phenotypic results included associations of all dicarbonyls with sex, waist-to-hip ratio, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and hypertension, of MG and GO with age and C-reactive protein, of GO and 3-DG with glucose and antidiabetics, of MG with contraceptives, of GO with ferritin, and of 3-DG with smoking. RDA revealed GFR, GGT and, in case of 3-DG, glucose as major contributors to dicarbonyl variance. GWAS did not identify genome-wide significant loci. SNPs previously associated with glyoxalase activity did not reach nominal significance. When multiple testing was restricted to the lead SNPs of GWASs on the traits selected by RDA, 3-DG was found to be associated (p = 2.3 × 10-5) with rs1741177, an eQTL of NF-κB inhibitor NFKBIA. INTERPRETATION This large-scale, population-based study has identified numerous associations, with GFR and GGT being of pivotal importance, providing unbiased perspectives on dicarbonyls beyond the current state. FUNDING Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Helmholtz Munich, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), German Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Harrer
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julica Inderhees
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany; Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Germany
| | - Chen Zhao
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Neurogenetic Systems Analysis Group, Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schormair
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Tilch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Neurogenetic Systems Analysis Group, Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Olaf Jöhren
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany; Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter P Nawroth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marco Hermesdorf
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; German Centre for Mental Health (DZPG), Munich-Augsburg, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Germany
| | - Konrad Oexle
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Neurogenetic Systems Analysis Group, Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Wang K, Yue Y, Chen XY, Wen XL, Yang B, Ren SZ, Yang YS, Jiang HX. In Vivo Imaging of γ-Glutamyl Transferase in Cardiovascular Diseases with a Photoacoustic Probe. ACS Sens 2024; 9:962-970. [PMID: 38293708 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a photoacoustic (PA) probe, HDS-GGT, was developed for the in vivo imaging of cardiovascular diseases by monitoring the γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) dynamics. HDS-GGT exhibited a stable PA signal with auxiliary absorbance and NIRF variation after the trigger by GGT. In all three modalities of absorbance, NIRF, and PA, HDS-GGT could quantitatively reflect the GGT level. In PA modality, HDS-GGT indicated the practical advantages including high sensitivity, high stability, and high specificity. In living oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced RAW264.7 cells, HDS-GGT indicated proper capability for imaging the plaques by visualizing the GGT dynamics. Moreover, during imaging in living model mice, HDS-GGT was achieved to distinguish the plaques from healthy blood vessels via a multiview PA presentation. HDS-GGT could also suggest the severity of plaques in the extracted aorta from the model mice, which was consistent with the histological staining results. The information herein might be useful for future investigations on cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Xu-Yang Chen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Shen-Zhen Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China
| | - Hao-Xiang Jiang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
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Zhang L, Li S, Zhang D, Yin C, Wang Z, Chen R, Cheng N, Bai Y. Value of GPR, APPRI and FIB-4 in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective cohort study. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2024; 54:129-136. [PMID: 37869774 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an urgent need for novel biomarkers that are inexpensive, effective and easily accessible to complement the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum gamma-glutamate-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index, fibrosis index based on four factors and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, and to determine the optimal cut-offs for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Based on a prospective cohort study, 44 215 participants who were cancer-free at baseline (2011-13) were included in the study. Cox proportional hazard models and receiver operating characteristics curves were used to analyze the diagnostic value and optimal cut-off value of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma patients. RESULTS Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors can be used as early independent predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma risk. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the fourth quantile of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio and alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index was 4.04 times (hazard ratio = 4.04, 95% confidence interval: 2.09, 7.80) and 2.59 times (hazard ratio = 2.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.45, 4.61), respectively, compared with the first quantile. With fibrosis index based on four factors first quantile as a reference, fibrosis index based on four factors fourth quantile had the highest risk (hazard ratio = 18.58, 95% confidence interval: 7.55, 45.72). Receiver operating characteristic results showed that fibrosis index based on four factors had a stronger ability to predict the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (area under curve = 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.81), and similar results were shown for gender stratification. In the total population, the optimal cut-off values of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors were 0.208, 0.629 and 1.942, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors were independent predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Amongst them, fibrosis index based on four factors shows a stronger predictive ability for hepatocellular carcinoma risk, and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio and alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index can be used as complementary indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Desheng Zhang
- Jinchuan Group Co., LTD, Jinchuan Company Staff Hospital, Jinchang, China
| | - Chun Yin
- Jinchuan Group Co., LTD, Jinchuan Company Staff Hospital, Jinchang, China
| | - Zhongge Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Cheng
- College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yana Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Sangouni AA, Nadjarzadeh A, Rohani FS, Sharuni F, Zare Z, Rahimpour S, Hojjat H, Hosseinzadeh M. Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet improves hepatic fibrosis, steatosis and liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:95-105. [PMID: 37855891 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent evidence suggests that adherence to dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet can be effective in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effect of DASH diet on hepatic fibrosis, steatosis and liver enzymes in patients with NAFLD. METHODS This 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted among seventy patients with NAFLD who were randomly assigned into two groups including intervention group (DASH diet containing 50-55% carbohydrate, 15-20% protein, and 30% total fat) and the control group (a healthy diet containing 50-55% carbohydrate, 15-20% protein, and 30% total fat). Both diets were calorie-restricted (500-700 kcal lower than the energy requirement). The primary outcomes included hepatic fibrosis, hepatic steatosis, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). RESULTS At the baseline, there was no significant difference between two groups in the level of hepatic fibrosis (P = 0.63), hepatic steatosis (P = 0.53), ALT (P = 0.93), AST (P = 0.18) and GGT (P = 0.76). A significant reduction was found in the intervention group compared to the control group in hepatic fibrosis (23 grades reduction vs. 7 grades reduction; P = 0.008) and hepatic steatosis (31 grades reduction vs. 9 grades reduction; P = 0.03) after intervention. In addition, a significant change was observed in the intervention group compared to control group in ALT ( - 8.50 ± 8.98 vs. - 2.09 ± 7.29; P = 0.002), and AST ( - 5.79 ± 6.83 vs. - 0.51 ± 6.62; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to DASH diet may be effective in management of NAFLD. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered on 06 February 2022 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20170117032026N3) with URL: https://www.irct.ir/trial/60887 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ali Sangouni
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Rohani
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharuni
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zahra Zare
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shahab Rahimpour
- Faculty of Medicine, Gastroentrology Department, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hashem Hojjat
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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11
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Kaneva AM, Bojko ER. Fatty liver index (FLI): more than a marker of hepatic steatosis. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:11-26. [PMID: 37875710 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00991-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver index (FLI) was developed as a simple and accurate marker of hepatic steatosis. FLI is derived from an algorithm based on body mass index, waist circumference, and levels of triglycerides and gamma-glutamyltransferase, and it is widely used in clinical and epidemiological studies as a screening tool for discriminating between healthy and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects. However, a systematic review of the literature regarding FLI revealed that this index has more extensive relationships with biochemical and physiological parameters. FLI is associated with key parameters of lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, hormones, vitamins and markers of inflammation, or oxidative stress. FLI can be a predictor or risk factor for a number of metabolic and nonmetabolic diseases and mortality. FLI is also used as an indicator for determining the effects of health-related prevention interventions, medications, and toxic substances on humans. Although in most cases, the exact mechanisms underlying these associations have not been fully elucidated, they are most often assumed to be mediated by insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Thus, FLI may be a promising marker of metabolic health due to its multiple associations with parameters of physiological and pathological processes. In this context, the present review summarizes the data from currently available literature on the associations between FLI and biochemical variables and physiological functions. We believe that this review will be of interest to researchers working in this area and can provide new perspectives and directions for future studies on FLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya M Kaneva
- Institute of Physiology of Кomi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, 50 Pervomayskaya str., 167982, Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Evgeny R Bojko
- Institute of Physiology of Кomi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, 50 Pervomayskaya str., 167982, Syktyvkar, Russia
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12
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Jang TY, Liang PC, Jun DW, Jung JH, Toyoda H, Wang CW, Yuen MF, Cheung KS, Yasuda S, Kim SE, Yoon EL, An J, Enomoto M, Kozuka R, Chuma M, Nozaki A, Ishikawa T, Watanabe T, Atsukawa M, Arai T, Hayama K, Ishigami M, Cho YK, Ogawa E, Kim HS, Shim JJ, Uojima H, Jeong SW, Ahn SB, Takaguchi K, Senoh T, Buti M, Vargas-Accarino E, Abe H, Takahashi H, Inoue K, Huang JF, Chuang WL, Yeh ML, Dai CY, Huang CF, Nguyen MH, Yu ML. Pretreatment gamma-glutamyl transferase predicts mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogs. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:188-197. [PMID: 37885338 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels are associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related hepatocellular carcinoma. However, their role in predicting mortality in patients with CHB treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogs (NAs) remains elusive. Altogether, 2843 patients with CHB treated with NAs were recruited from a multinational cohort. Serum GGT levels before and 6 months (Month-6) after initiating NAs were measured to explore their association with all-cause, liver-related, and non-liver-related mortality. The annual incidence of all-cause mortality was 0.9/100 person-years over a follow-up period of 17,436.3 person-years. Compared with patients who survived, those who died had a significantly higher pretreatment (89.3 vs. 67.4 U/L, p = 0.002) and Month-6-GGT levels (62.1 vs. 38.4 U/L, p < 0.001). The factors associated with all-cause mortality included cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR]/95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.66/1.92-3.70, p < 0.001), pretreatment GGT levels (HR/CI: 1.004/1.003-1.006, p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase level (HR/CI: 0.996/0.994-0.998, p = 0.001), and age (HR/CI: 1.06/1.04-1.07, p < 0.001). Regarding liver-related mortality, the independent factors included cirrhosis (HR/CI: 4.36/2.79-6.89, p < 0.001), pretreatment GGT levels (HR/CI: 1.006/1.004-1.008, p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase level (HR/CI: 0.993/0.990-0.997, p = 0.001), age (HR/CI: 1.03/1.01-1.05, p < 0.001), and fatty liver disease (HR/CI: 0.30/0.15-0.59, p = 0.001). Pretreatment GGT levels were also independently predictive of non-liver-related mortality (HR/CI: 1.003/1.000-1.005, p = 0.03). The results remained consistent after excluding the patients with a history of alcohol use. A dose-dependent manner of <25, 25-75, and >75 percentile of pretreatment GGT levels was observed with respect to the all-cause mortality (trend p < 0.001). Pretreatment serum GGT levels predicted all-cause, liver-related, and non-liver-related mortality in patients with CHB treated with NAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyng-Yuan Jang
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Liang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jang Han Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chih-Wen Wang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ka Shing Cheung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Eileen L Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihyun An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, South Korea
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Chuma
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akito Nozaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsunamasa Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taeang Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Korenobu Hayama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yong Kyun Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eiichi Ogawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University, Kyushu, Japan
| | - Hyoung Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haruki Uojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Koichi Takaguchi
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tomonori Senoh
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Maria Buti
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron and CIBEREHD del Instituto Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Vargas-Accarino
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron and CIBEREHD del Instituto Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kaori Inoue
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mindie H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Jamal A, Babazono A, Liu N, Yamao R, Fujita T, Kim SA, Li Y. Associating Liver Enzymes and Their Interactions with Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence in a Japanese Working Population. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024; 22:27-38. [PMID: 38350086 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels often increase in metabolic diseases. Objective: This study was conducted to determine which liver enzymes are strongly associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), how they interact to produce different probability estimates, and what cutoff levels should be used to guide clinical decision-making. Methods: The researchers examined the insurance-based medical checkup data of 293,610 employees ≥35 years years of age, who underwent medical checkups between April 1, 2016, and March 31, 2017. Liver enzyme levels were grouped into quartiles. The association and interaction of liver enzymes with MetS were examined using logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to determine the optimal cutoff values for each liver enzyme in detecting the prevalence of MetS. Results: High levels of γ-GT and ALT were more strongly associated with MetS than AST. At various levels, the tested liver enzymes were found interactive, and associated with the likelihood of MetS prevalence. ROC analysis underscored the significance of all liver enzymes in predicting the development of MetS. The cutoff values for each liver enzyme were determined. Conclusion: This findings of this study directly support the identification of MetS risks within the population, prioritize prevention strategies, and potentially inform policy formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Jamal
- Health Administration Program, Faculty of Business & Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Department of Health Care Management & Administration, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Babazono
- Department of Health Care Management & Administration, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Rieko Yamao
- Department of Health Care Management & Administration, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takako Fujita
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sung-A Kim
- Department of Health Care Management & Administration, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- St. Mary's Research Center, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
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Hjazi A, Hsu CY, Al-Attar WM, Almajidi YQ, Hussien BM, Alzahrani AA, Kareem AK, Abdulhussien Alazbjee AA, Meng X. The association of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls with lipid profile and liver enzymes in umbilical cord blood samples. Chemosphere 2024; 350:141096. [PMID: 38176591 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Evidence on prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and its effects on newborns and potential biological mechanisms is not well defined yet. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether PCBs are associated with lipid profile and non-invasive markers of hepatocyte injuries in samples of blood obtained from the umbilical cord. This study included 450 mothers-newborn pairs. Umbilical levels of PCBs were measured using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrophotometry (GC/MS). Lipid profile including low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), as well as liver enzymes i.e., alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), γ-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined from umbilical cord blood samples. Quantile g-computation analysis was applied to evaluate the collective influence of PCBs on both lipid profiles and liver enzymes, along with the impact of lipid profiles on liver enzymes. Exposure to the mixture of PCBs was significantly associated with increases in ALP, AST, ALT, and GGT levels in cord blood samples, with increments of 90.38 U/L (95%CI: 65.08, 115.70, p < 0.01), 11.88 U/L (95%CI: 9.03, 14.74, p < 0.01), 2.19 U/L (95%CI:1.43, 2.94, p < 0.01), and 50.67 U/L (95%CI: 36.32, 65.03, p < 0.01), respectively. Additionally, combined PCBs exposure was correlated with significant increases in umbilical TG, TC, and LDL-C levels, with values of 3.97 mg/dL (95%CI: 0.86, 7.09, p = 0.01), 6.30 mg/dL (95%CI: 2.98, 9.61, p < 0.01), and 4.63 mg/dL (95%CI: 2.04, 7.23, p < 0.01) respectively. Exposure to the mixture of lipids was linked to elevated levels of AST and GGT in umbilical cord blood samples. Furthermore, a noteworthy mediating role of TC and LDL-C was observed in the association between total PCBs exposure and umbilical cord blood liver enzyme levels. Overall our findings suggested that higher levels of umbilical cord blood PCBs and lipid profile could affect liver function in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Lecturer Dr and Dean Assistant of Baghdad College of Medical Sciences-department of Pharmacy (pharmaceutics), Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | - A K Kareem
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
| | | | - Xuan Meng
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
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Schmidt BC, Leiderer MT, Amin T, Viol F, Huber S, Henes FO, Schrader J. Does gamma-glutamyltransferase correlate with liver tumor burden in neuroendocrine tumors? Endocrine 2024; 83:511-518. [PMID: 37770647 PMCID: PMC10850195 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and liver metastases, increased gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is commonly assumed as an indicator for progressive disease. To date, however, empirical data are lacking. This study aimed to investigate associations between GGT and liver tumor burden. In longitudinal analyses, associations of GGT and radiographic responses of liver metastases under therapy were investigated. METHODS The cross-sectional sample consisted of 104 patients who were treated at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf from 2008 to 2021 (mean age 62.3 ± 12.6 years, 58.7% male). GGT and liver imaging were identified in a time range of 3 months. Radiologic reassessments were performed to estimate liver tumor burden. In a separate longitudinal sample (n = 15), the course of GGT levels under chemotherapy was analyzed. Data were retrospectively analyzed with a univariate ANOVA, linear regression analyses, and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS Of 104 cross-sectionally analyzed patients, 54 (51.9%) showed a GGT elevation. GGT levels and liver tumor burden were positively correlated (p < 0.001), independently from age, gender, primary tumor location, grading, and cholestasis. Notably, GGT increase was associated with a liver tumor burden of >50%. In the longitudinal sample, 10 of 11 patients with progressive disease showed increasing GGT, whereas 4 of 4 patients with regressive disease showed declining GGT. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that GGT is associated with liver tumor burden. Over the course of therapy, GGT appears to change in line with radiographic responses. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are required to define GGT as a reliable marker for tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Christopher Schmidt
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Miriam Theresa Leiderer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tania Amin
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabrice Viol
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Oliver Henes
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Schrader
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Klinikum Nordfriesland, Husum, Germany
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Königová A, Burcáková Ľ, Babják M, Dolinská MU, Kostecká Z, Šimková J, Kremeň J, Kuzmina TA, Várady M. Efficacy of a single-dose albendazole against lancet liver fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum and liver enzymes activity in naturally infected sheep. Exp Parasitol 2024; 256:108656. [PMID: 38097154 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Infections with D. dendriticum are distributed worldwide and mostly associated with ruminant livestock. Depending on the length and strength of the infection it can be manifested with losses in milk production, reductions in milk and wool quality, decreased weight gains, reproductive performance and poor carcass quality. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of albendazole (ABZ) against the lancet liver fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum in naturally infected sheep using parasitological methods. Twenty-four sheep were divided into four groups: two untreated control groups (C1, C2) and two treated groups (T1, T2), with six animals in each group. The sheep in the treated groups were administered a single oral dose (15 mg/kg bwt) of ABZ suspension. After ABZ treatment the animals were slaughtered on Day 14 (groups C1, T1) and Day 30 (groups C2, T2) and were necropsied. Coprological therapeutic ABZ efficacy reached 92.4% on Day 14 (P < 0.001) and 88.5% on Day 30 (P < 0.001). On Day 30, the serum activities of hepatic and cholestatic enzymes including serological analysis of total protein concentration (TP) and protein fractions were evaluated. Significant decrease of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P < 0.01) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (P < 0.05) activity by 36.9% and 34.6%, respectively, were detected for sheep in T2 group. These enzymes showed a strong positive correlation to fluke burden: AST (r = 0.654) and GGT (r = 0.768), respectively (P < 0.05). Additionally, the electrophoretic analysis of serum total protein and protein fraction concentrations revealed minimal hypoproteinemia and hyperalbuminemia after ABZ treatment. The decrease of liver enzyme activities and their correlation with fluke burden may indicate recovery of hepatocellular and biliary damage following the reduction of fluke burdens after ABZ therapy. A decline in AST and GGT activity could serve as a valuable adjunct bioindicator of liver damage and fluke reduction after treatment of dicrocoeliosis in naturally infected sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alžbeta Königová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ľudmila Burcáková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Michal Babják
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Urda Dolinská
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kostecká
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Šimková
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Kremeň
- Department of General Competencies, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tetiana A Kuzmina
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia; I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street, 15, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Marián Várady
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
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Ikeda Y, Fujii J. The Emerging Roles of γ-Glutamyl Peptides Produced by γ-Glutamyltransferase and the Glutathione Synthesis System. Cells 2023; 12:2831. [PMID: 38132151 PMCID: PMC10741565 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
L-γ-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine is commonly referred to as glutathione (GSH); this ubiquitous thiol plays essential roles in animal life. Conjugation and electron donation to enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX) are prominent functions of GSH. Cellular glutathione balance is robustly maintained via regulated synthesis, which is catalyzed via the coordination of γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) and glutathione synthetase, as well as by reductive recycling by glutathione reductase. A prevailing short supply of L-cysteine (Cys) tends to limit glutathione synthesis, which leads to the production of various other γ-glutamyl peptides due to the unique enzymatic properties of γ-GCS. Extracellular degradation of glutathione by γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a dominant source of Cys for some cells. GGT catalyzes the hydrolytic removal of the γ-glutamyl group of glutathione or transfers it to amino acids or to dipeptides outside cells. Such processes depend on an abundance of acceptor substrates. However, the physiological roles of extracellularly preserved γ-glutamyl peptides have long been unclear. The identification of γ-glutamyl peptides, such as glutathione, as allosteric modulators of calcium-sensing receptors (CaSRs) could provide insights into the significance of the preservation of γ-glutamyl peptides. It is conceivable that GGT could generate a new class of intercellular messaging molecules in response to extracellular microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata City 990-9585, Japan
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Kwon OC, Han K, Park MC. Higher gamma-glutamyl transferase levels are associated with an increased risk of incident systemic sclerosis: a nationwide population-based study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21878. [PMID: 38072855 PMCID: PMC10711000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is known to promote oxidative stress. As oxidative stress is a key component in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), we investigated whether GGT levels are associated with the risk of incident SSc. A cohort of individuals without SSc who underwent national health examination in 2009 were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The incidence rate of SSc during the observation period, between 2009 and 2019, was estimated. GGT levels measured in 2009 were categorized into quartiles (Q1 [lowest], Q2, Q3, and Q4 [highest]). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the risk of incident SSc according to the quartiles of GGT, using Q1 as the reference. A total of 6,091,788 individuals were included. Incidence rate of SSc was 1.16 per 100,000 person-years over a mean observation period of 9.2 years. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, economic income, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease, higher quartiles of GGT levels were significantly associated with a higher risk of incident SSc (Q4: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.807, 95% confidence interval CI 1.446-2.259; Q3: aHR 1.221, 95% CI 0.971-1.536; and Q2: aHR 1.034, 95% CI 0.807-1.324; p for trend < 0.001). Higher GGT levels were associated with a higher risk of incident SSc. These findings could lead to a closer monitoring for high risk individuals and an earlier diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Chan Kwon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
| | - Min-Chan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, South Korea.
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Iwagami M, Seol J, Hiei T, Tani A, Chiba S, Kanbayashi T, Kondo H, Tanaka T, Yanagisawa M. Association between electroencephalogram-based sleep characteristics and physical health in the general adult population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21545. [PMID: 38066043 PMCID: PMC10709300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations between electroencephalogram (EEG)-based sleep characteristics and physical health parameters in general adults via a cross-sectional study recruiting 100 volunteers aged 30-59 years. Sleep characteristics were measured at home using a portable multichannel electroencephalography recorder. Using the k-means + + clustering method, according to 10 EEG-based parameters, participants were grouped into better (n = 39), middle (n = 46), and worse (n = 15) sleep groups. Comparing 50 physical health parameters among the groups, we identified four signals of difference (P < 0.05), including systolic (sBP) and diastolic blood pressure (dBP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), and serum creatinine, where sBP reached a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (P < 0.001). The sBP was higher by 7.9 (95% confidence interval 1.9-13.9) and 15.7 (7.3-24.0) mmHg before adjustment and 5.4 (- 0.1-10.9) and 8.7 (1.1-16.3) mmHg after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, drinking habits, and 3% oxygen desaturation index in the middle and worse sleep groups, respectively, than in the better group. As another approach, among 500 combinations of EEG-based and physical health parameters, there were 45 signals of correlation, of which 4 (N1% and sBP, dBP, γ-GTP, and triglycerides) reached a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (P < 0.0001). Thus, EEG-based sleep characteristics are associated with several physical health parameters, particularly sBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Iwagami
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Department of Health Services Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Jaehoon Seol
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH), Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8585, Japan
- R&D Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hiei
- S'UIMIN Inc., 1-51-1 Hatsudai, Shibuya, Tokyo, 151-0061, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tani
- S'UIMIN Inc., 1-51-1 Hatsudai, Shibuya, Tokyo, 151-0061, Japan
| | - Shigeru Chiba
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Ibaraki Prefectural Medical Center of Psychiatry, 654 Asahimachi, Kasama, Ibaraki, 309-1717, Japan
- Minamisaitama Hospital, 252 Masumori, Koshigaya, Ibaraki, 343-0012, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanbayashi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Ibaraki Prefectural Medical Center of Psychiatry, 654 Asahimachi, Kasama, Ibaraki, 309-1717, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kondo
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- KRD Nihombashi, 4-4-2 Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo, Tokyo, 103-0023, Japan
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- S'UIMIN Inc., 1-51-1 Hatsudai, Shibuya, Tokyo, 151-0061, Japan.
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20
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Xuan C, Li J, Liu RH, Guo JJ, Zhao C, Zhou TT, Wang Y, He GW, Lun LM. Association between serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and early-onset coronary artery disease: a retrospective case-control study. Ann Med 2023; 55:2289606. [PMID: 38061693 PMCID: PMC10836269 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2289606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity has been proposed as a promising predictor of atherosclerosis-related complications and a prognostic marker for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential correlation between serum levels of GGT and early-onset coronary artery disease (EOCAD). METHODS A retrospective, hospital-based case-control study was conducted, which included 860 patients with EOCAD and gender- and age-matched controls. Serum levels of GGT were measured using the reference measurement procedure on an automatic biochemistry analyser. RESULTS The serum GGT levels of patients with EOCAD (34.90 ± 31.44 U/L) were significantly higher than those of the control group (21.57 ± 16.44 U/L, p < .001). Elevated serum levels of GGT were found to be an independent risk factor for EOCAD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.021 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.014-1.029). Additionally, for every quartile increase in serum GGT levels, the risk of developing EOCAD increased by 1.6-fold. Moreover, serum GGT levels were significantly associated with disease severity, with lower GGT levels observed in patients without significant vascular disease (31.74 ± 24.06 U/L) compared to those with two-vessel disease (33.06 ± 25.00 U/L, p = .002) and three-vessel disease (37.75 ± 36.76 U/L, p = .001). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that elevated serum GGT levels are associated with the development of EOCAD, and GGT may be implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to explore the potential relationship between serum GGT levels and the dynamic development of EOCAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ru-Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun-Jie Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Health Management Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Li-Min Lun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Qiu J, Kuang M, He S, Yu C, Wang C, Huang X, Sheng G, Zou Y. Gender perspective on the association between liver enzyme markers and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: insights from the general population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1302322. [PMID: 38125795 PMCID: PMC10731038 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1302322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Every distinct liver enzyme biomarker exhibits a strong correlation with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to comprehensively analyze and compare the associations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) with NAFLD from a gender perspective. Methods This study was conducted on 6,840 females and 7,411 males from the NAGALA cohort. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to compare the associations between liver enzyme markers and NAFLD in both genders, recording the corresponding adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the accuracy of individual liver enzyme markers and different combinations of them in identifying NAFLD. Results Liver enzyme markers ALT, AST, and GGT were all independently associated with NAFLD and exhibited significant gender differences (All P-interaction<0.05). In both genders, ALT exhibited the most significant association with NAFLD, with adjusted standardized ORs of 2.19 (95% CI: 2.01-2.39) in males and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.35-1.89) in females. Additionally, ROC analysis showed that ALT had significantly higher accuracy in identifying NAFLD than AST and GGT in both genders (Delong P-value < 0.05), and the accuracy of ALT in identifying NAFLD in males was higher than that in females [Area under the ROC curve (AUC): male 0.79, female 0.77]. Furthermore, out of the various combinations of liver enzymes, ALT+GGT showed the highest accuracy in identifying NAFLD in both genders, with AUCs of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.75-0.79) in females and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.78-0.81) in males. Conclusion Our study revealed significant gender differences in the associations of the three commonly used liver enzyme markers with NAFLD. In both genders, the use of ALT alone may be the simplest and most effective tool for screening NAFLD, especially in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Qiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiming He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Bai X, Qiao J, Zhang H. Mildly elevated serum bilirubin and its correlations with lipid levels among male patients undergoing health checkups. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:213. [PMID: 38049818 PMCID: PMC10694953 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01979-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bilirubin's ability to lower lipid levels was confirmed by several studies, but those studies mainly focused on total bilirubin (TBil). The present study aimed to elucidate the correlations of the two subtypes of bilirubin with lipid levels. METHODS A total of 1732 male patients undergoing health checkups were categorized into three groups according to the levels of direct bilirubin (DBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil). The differences in medical characteristics among the three groups were analysed. RESULTS Subjects in the elevated DBil group had the lowest serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), fasting blood glucose (FBG), haemoglobin (HGB), and triglyceride (TG) levels in contrast to the other groups (P < 0.01), while subjects in the elevated IBil group had the highest ALT, γ-GT, BUN, serum creatinine (SCR), HGB, TC, and TG levels among the three groups (P < 0.01). DBil levels exhibited a significant negative correlation with TC (r = -0.777, P < 0.01) and TG (r = -0.397, P < 0.01) levels, while IBil levels exhibited a significant positive correlation with TC (r = 0.790, P < 0.01) and TG (r = 0.302, P < 0.01) levels. The frequencies of abnormal TC, TG, HGB and BUN levels were the lowest in the elevated DBil group, while the levels of these four variables were the highest in the elevated IBil group. Mildly elevated DBil levels were related to lower TG (OR = 0.112, 95% CI = 0.027-0.458) and TC (OR = 0.097, 95% CI = 0.013-0.700), and mildly elevated IBil levels were connected with increased TC (OR = 3.436, 95% CI = 2.398-4.924) and TG (OR = 1.636, 95% CI = 1.163-2.303). DBil was an independent protective factor against increased TC (OR = 0.702, 95% CI = 0.602-0.817, P < 0.01) and TG (OR = 0.632, 95% CI = 0.541-0.739, P < 0.01) levels, and IBil was an independent risk factors for increased TC (OR = 1.251, 95% CI = 1.176-1.331, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS DBil was an independent protective factor against high TC and TG levels. IBil was an independent risk factors for elevated TC levels. The prognostic value of IBil levels warrants further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ningxia People's Armed Police Corps Hospital, 895 Qinghe South Street, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Jing Qiao
- Department of Outpatient, Ningxia People's Armed Police Corps Hospital, 895 Qinghe South Street, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Outpatient, Ningxia People's Armed Police Corps Hospital, 895 Qinghe South Street, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Baek HS, Kim B, Lee SH, Lim DJ, Kwon HS, Chang SA, Han K, Yun JS. Long-Term Cumulative Exposure to High γ-Glutamyl Transferase Levels and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:770-781. [PMID: 37926990 PMCID: PMC10764996 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Elevated γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GTP) levels are associated with metabolic syndrome. We investigated the association of cumulative exposure to high γ-GTP with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large-scale population. METHODS Using nationally representative data from the Korean National Health Insurance system, 1,640,127 people with 4 years of consecutive γ-GTP measurements from 2009 to 2012 were included and followed up until the end of 2019. For each year of the study period, participants were grouped by the number of exposures to the highest γ-GTP quartile (0-4), and the sum of quartiles (0-12) was defined as cumulative γ-GTP exposure. The hazard ratio for CVD was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS During the 6.4 years of follow-up, there were 15,980 cases (0.97%) of myocardial infarction (MI), 14,563 (0.89%) of stroke, 29,717 (1.81%) of CVD, and 25,916 (1.58%) of death. Persistent exposure to high γ-GTP levels was associated with higher risks of MI, stroke, CVD, and death than those without such exposure. The risks of MI, stroke, CVD, and mortality increased in a dose-dependent manner according to total cumulative γ-GTP (all P for trend <0.0001). Subjects younger than 65 years, with a body mass index <25 kg/m2, and without hypertension or fatty liver showed a stronger relationship between cumulative γ-GTP and the incidence of MI, CVD, and death. CONCLUSION Cumulative γ-GTP elevation is associated with CVD. γ-GTP could be more widely used as an early marker of CVD risk, especially in individuals without traditional CVD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sang Baek
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bongseong Kim
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Chang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Yun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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Liu F, Li Y, Zhu J, Li Y, Zhu D, Luo J, Kong L. γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase-Activated Near-Infrared fluorescent probe for visualization of Drug-Induced liver injury. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106899. [PMID: 37797457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI), induced by overdose or chronic administration of drugs, has become the leading cause of acute liver failure. Therefore, an accurate diagnostic method for DILI is critical to improve treatment efficiency. The production of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is closely related to the progression of drug-induced hepatotoxicity. KL-Glu exhibits a prominent GGT-activated NIR fluorescence (734 nm) with a large Stokes shift (137 nm) and good sensitivity/selectivity, making it favorable for real-time detection of endogenous GGT activity. Using this probe, we evaluated the GGT up-regulation under the acetaminophen-induced liver injury model. Moreover, KL-Glu was successfully used to assess liver injury induced by the natural active ingredient triptolide and the effective amelioration upon treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or Glutathione (GSH) in cells and in vivo by fluorescent trapping the fluctuation of GGT for the first time. Therefore, the fluorescent probe KL-Glu can be used as a potential tool to explore the function of GGT in the progression of DILI and for the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yalin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jiangmin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Dongrong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jianguang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Rhee SY. Potential of γ-Glutamyl Transferase as a Novel Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:667-668. [PMID: 38164074 PMCID: PMC10764999 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Youl Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Digital Health, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Kolho KL, Lahtiharju T, Merras-Salmio L, Pakarinen MP, Knip M. Infant liver biochemistry is different than current laboratory accepted norms. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:5707-5711. [PMID: 37812243 PMCID: PMC10746582 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose is to study liver biochemistry in a well-defined cohort of term infants. The methods include healthy term infants (n = 619) provided blood samples at 3 and 6 months of age when participating to the DIABIMMUNE study. The infants were followed up at clinical study visits 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months the participation rate being 88.6% at the end of follow-up, while none disclosed any signs of a liver disease. The serum levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (BIL), and conjugated bilirubin (BIL-conj) were determined using Siemens Atellica CH 930 analyzers. The results are at 3 months of age, the upper 90% CI for ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, BIL, and BIL-conj were higher than the current upper reference limits in our accredited hospital laboratory. At 6 months, the upper 90% CIs for ALT had declined but was still higher than the cut-offs for a raised value. The upper 90% CI for AST remained as high as at 3 months, whereas ALP, BIL-conj, and GGT had decreased close to the current cut-offs. The type of feeding was associated with the levels of liver biochemistry. Exclusively or partially breastfed infants showed higher ALT, AST, BIL, and BIL-conj values at 3 months than formula-fed. Breastfed infants had higher AST, Bil, and Bil-conj values also at 6 months. Conclusion: We encourage setting appropriate reference ranges for liver biochemistry for the first year of life and to note the type of feeding. What is Known: • Healthy infants may show higher values of liver biochemistry during their first year of life than in later life. • It has been speculated that type of feeding may play a role in liver biochemistry levels among infants. What is New: • In a cohort of healthy infants, several analytes of liver biochemistry were higher than the currently used upper reference limits at 3 and 6 months of age, and exclusively or partially breastfed infants showed higher values than formula-fed. • The findings address the importance of setting appropriate reference ranges for liver biochemistry for the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 281, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tapio Lahtiharju
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, HUSLAB, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Merras-Salmio
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 281, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko P Pakarinen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 281, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
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Dai H, Zhu L, Pan B, Li H, Dai Z, Su X. The relationship between serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:3619-3630. [PMID: 36630069 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-00991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and renal dysfunction is controversial. In this study, we examined the relationship of serum GGT to diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 577 patients with T2DM were enrolled and their basic information and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. The prevalence of DN increased with the elevated serum GGT tertiles. The level of serum GGT in the DN group was higher than in the non-DN groups. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that high GGT was independent risks for DN (OR = 1.041, 95% CIs 1.023-1.059). And the OR of log-transformed serum GGT for DN was 6.190 (95% CIs 4.248-9.021). The OR of DN across increasing tertiles of serum GGT were 1.00, 3.288 (1.851-5.840), and 5.059 (2.620-9.769) (P for trend < 0.001). Stratified receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis by gender showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) value for GGT was 0.781 (0.732-0.825, P < 0.05) in male and was 0.817 (0.761-0.864, P < 0.05) in female. Compared with female, GGT in male showed lower sensitivity (52.86% vs. 82.05%) and higher specificity (90.32% vs. 55.26%). And the AUC value for GGT was greater than creatinine (Cr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in male and smaller than Cr and eGFR in female, respectively. In Conclusion, there was an independently positive relationship between serum GGT levels and DN, which suggested that elevated GGT was a potential indicator for risk of DN. There were gender differences in the predictive property of GGT for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lielie Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.9 Jiaowei Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bilin Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - ZhiJuan Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyou Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
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Sun Y, Wang YX, Qian D, Mustieles V, Zhang Y, Messerlian C. Blood Trihalomethane Concentrations and Osteoarthritis among U.S. Population Aged over 50 Years. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:16166-16175. [PMID: 37852642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) has been associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, which are implicated in osteoarthritis. However, the association of THM exposure with osteoarthritis is unknown. Therefore, we pooled seven independent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (1999-2012) among participants aged over 50 years who had quantified blood concentrations of chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), and bromoform (TBM). Among 4,077 adults aged over 50 years, 781 (21.3%) reported osteoarthritis. Logistic regression models showed increased odds of osteoarthritis across the categories of blood BDCM, DBCM, and brominated THM (Br-THM, which was the sum of BDCM, DBCM, and TBM) concentrations [odds ratios = 1.46 (95% CI 1.09-1.94), 1.53 (95% CI 1.15-2.04), and 1.35 (95% CI 0.97-1.88), respectively], comparing highest versus lowest exposure categories (quartiles or tertiles). Additionally, we found positive dose-response relationships between blood BDCM, DBCM, and Br-THM concentrations and serum markers of oxidative stress (i.e., gamma-glutamyltransferase). In summary, blood Br-THM concentrations were associated with elevated serum levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase as well as an increased risk of osteoarthritis among U.S. adults aged over 50 years. However, more prospective population studies are needed to verify these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Dongyang Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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29
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Wang X, Mao Y, Ji S, Hu H, Li Q, Liu L, Shi S, Liu Y. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and indirect bilirubin may participate in systemic inflammation of patients with psoriatic arthritis. Adv Rheumatol 2023; 63:53. [PMID: 37904193 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that systemic metabolic abnormalities are closely related to psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL), two essential active substances in hepatic metabolism that have been demonstrated as an oxidative and anti-oxidative factor respectively, have been proved to be involved in oxidative stress damage and inflammation in several human diseases. However, their role in PsA remains unclear. METHODS In this retrospective comparative cohort study, a case group of 68 PsA patients and a control group of 73 healthy volunteers from the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were enrolled. Serum GGT, IBIL, GGT/IBIL ratio and C-reactive protein (CRP), a well applied bio-marker of systemic inflammatory in PsA, were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, the relationship of GGT, IBIL and GGT/IBIL with CRP were explored in PsA patients. Finally, the patients were divided into high inflammation group and low inflammation group according to the median value of CRP. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for the association of systemic inflammation level with GGT, IBIL and GGT/IBIL. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, PsA patients exhibited significantly higher serum GGT, GGT/IBIL, and CRP levels and lower IBIL levels. Serum GGT and GGT/IBIL were positively correlated with CRP, whereas IBIL were negatively correlated with CRP. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that serum GGT was a risk factor for high CRP in PsA, whereas IBIL was a protective factor. Furthermore, GGT/IBIL was a better indicator of high CRP condition in PsA patients than either GGT or IBIL alone, as determined by the receiver operating characteristic curves. CONCLUSION GGT and IBIL may participate in the pathogenesis of PsA. Additionally, GGT, IBIL and the balance of the two may reflect systemic inflammation mediated by oxidative stress events related to metabolic abnormalities to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shang Ji
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huanrong Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lichao Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shaomin Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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30
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Kim K, Jung H, Di Giovanna E, Jun TJ, Kim YH. Increased risk of ischemic stroke associated with elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase level in adult cancer survivors: a population-based cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16837. [PMID: 37803039 PMCID: PMC10558526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult cancer survivors may have an increased risk of developing ischemic stroke, potentially influenced by cancer treatment-related factors and shared risk factors with stroke. However, the association between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels and the risk of ischemic stroke in this population remains understudied. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the relationship between GGT levels and the risk of ischemic stroke using a population-based cohort of adult cancer survivors. A population-based cohort of adult cancer survivors was derived from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort between 2003 and 2005 who survived after diagnosis of primary cancer and participated in the biennial national health screening program between 2009 and 2010. Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for sociodemographic factors, health status and behavior, and clinical characteristics was used to investigate the association between GGT level and ischemic stroke in adult cancer survivors. Among 3095 adult cancer survivors, 80 (2.58%) incident cases of ischemic stroke occurred over a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. Compared to the lowest GGT quartile, the hazard ratios (HRs) for ischemic stroke were 1.56 (95% CI 0.75-3.26), 2.36 (95% CI 1.12-4.99), and 2.40 (95% CI 1.05-5.46) for the second, third, and fourth sex-specific quartiles, respectively (Ptrend = 0.013). No significant effect modification was observed by sex, insurance premium, and alcohol consumption. High GGT level is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke in adult cancer survivors independent of sex, insurance premium, and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuwoong Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyun Jung
- The Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Edvige Di Giovanna
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ammerland-Klinik, Westerstede, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Tae Joon Jun
- Big Data Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Hak Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Tang P, Liao Q, Tang Y, Yao X, Du C, Wang Y, Song F, Deng S, Wang Y, Qiu X, Yang F. Independent and combined associations of urinary metals exposure with markers of liver injury: Results from the NHANES 2013-2016. Chemosphere 2023; 338:139455. [PMID: 37429383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metals entering the human body could cause damage to a variety of organs. However, the combined harmful effects of exposure to various metals on liver function are not well understood. The purpose of the study was to investigate the independent and joint relationships between heavy metal exposure and liver function in adults. METHODS The study involved 3589 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Concentrations of urinary metals, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), thallium (Tl), tungsten (W), uranium (U), were determined in urine using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Data for liver function biomarkers included alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transaminase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Survey-weighted linear regression and quantile g-computation (qgcomp) were employed to evaluate the relationship of urinary metals with the markers of liver injury. RESULTS Cd, U and Ba were found to have positive correlations with ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP in the survey-weighted linear regression analyses. According to the qgcomp analyses, the total metal mixture was positively correlated with ALT (percent change: 8.15; 95% CI: 3.84, 12.64), AST (percent change: 5.55; 95% CI: 2.39, 8.82), GGT (percent change: 14.30; 95% CI: 7.81, 21.18), and ALP (percent change: 5.59; 95% CI: 2.65, 8.62), and Cd, U, and Ba were the main contributors to the combined effects. Positive joint effects were observed between Cd and U on ALT, AST, GGT and ALP, and U and Ba had positive joint effects on ALT, AST and GGT. CONCLUSION Exposures to Cd, U, and Ba were individually associated with multiple markers of liver injury. Mixed metal exposure might be adversely correlated with markers of liver function. The findings indicated the potential harmful effect of metal exposure on liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xueqiong Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Can Du
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yangcan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Fengmei Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Shuxiang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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Su TH, Huang SC, Chen CL, Hsu SJ, Liao SH, Hong CM, Tseng TC, Liu CH, Yang HC, Wu YM, Liu CJ, Chen PJ, Kao JH. Pre-operative gamma-glutamyl transferase levels predict outcomes in hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:1008-1017. [PMID: 37147239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection is a curative therapy for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, HCC recurrence is not uncommon. Identifying outcome predictors helps to manage the disease. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) may predict the development of HCC, but its role to predict the outcomes after surgical resection of HCC was unclear. This study aimed to investigate pre-operative GGT levels for outcome prediction in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study to include patients with HBV-related HCC receiving surgical resection. Clinical information, HCC characteristics and usage of antiviral therapy were collected. A time-dependent Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were used to predict HCC recurrence and survival. RESULTS A total of 699 consecutive patients with HBV-related HCC who received surgical resection with curative intent between 2004 and 2013 were included. After a median of 4.4 years, 266 (38%) patients had HCC recurrence. Pre-operative GGT positively correlated with cirrhosis, tumor burden and significantly increased in patients to develop HCC recurrence. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that pre-operative GGT ≥38 U/L increased 57% risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-2.06) of recurrent HCC after adjustment for confounding factors. Specifically, pre-operative GGT ≥38 U/L predicted early (<2 years) HCC recurrence (HR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.30-2.89). Moreover, pre-operative GGT ≥38 U/L predicted all-cause mortality (HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.06-2.84) after surgery. CONCLUSION Pre-operative GGT levels ≥38 U/L independently predict high risks of HCC recurrence and all-cause mortality in HBV-related HCC patients receiving surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Hung Su
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chin Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jer Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sih-Han Liao
- National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Hong
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chung Tseng
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hua Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ming Wu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Takahashi Y, Seko Y, Yamaguchi K, Takeuchi K, Yano K, Kataoka S, Moriguchi M, Itoh Y. Gamma-glutamyl transferase predicts pemafibrate treatment response in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1743-1749. [PMID: 37221601 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α modulator, has been shown to improve liver function among nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with dyslipidemia. The aim of this retrospective study is to identify predictors of pemafibrate efficacy in NAFLD patients. METHODS A total of 75 NAFLD patients with dyslipidemia who received pemafibrate twice per day for 48 weeks were enrolled in this study. We used the FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase (FAST) score as a benchmark for treatment efficacy. RESULTS Median FAST score significantly decreased from 0.96 at baseline to 0.93 at week 48 (P < 0.001). Significant improvements in levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and triglycerides were also noted. The serum level of GGT at baseline was correlated with change in FAST score (r = -0.22, P = 0.049). Changes in AST, ALT, and GGT were positively correlated with change in FAST score (r = 0.71, r = 0.61, and r = 0.38). Multivariate analyses identified age and GGT level at baseline as significantly associated with improvement of FAST score by pemafibrate therapy (odds ratio 1.11, 1.02, respectively). Patients over 50 years of age and with a GGT of 90 IU/L or higher showed significantly greater improvement in the FAST score than other groups. CONCLUSIONS Pemafibrate improves the FAST score of NAFLD patients with complicating dyslipidemia, especially in older patients with high GGT level. GGT is useful as an indicator of optimal treatment choice for NAFLD patients with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuya Seko
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanji Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kento Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kota Yano
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seita Kataoka
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michihisa Moriguchi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Li D, Chen Z, Shan Y, Hu T, Hong X, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Fu G, Wang M, Zhang W. Liver enzymes mediate the association between aldehydes co-exposure and hypertriglyceridemia. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 263:115346. [PMID: 37579588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Aldehydes are recognized environmental toxicants that may affect lipid metabolism. For instance, acrolein has been found to increase serum triglyceride (TG) levels exclusively. However, it remains unclear whether other aldehydes are also associated with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), and what mechanisms may be involved. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2014) to identify associations between serum aldehydes, liver enzymes, and HTG. Serum aldehydes included crotonaldehyde (CRAL), propanaldehyde (3AL), butyraldehyde (4AL), pentanaldehyde (5AL), isopentanaldehyde (I5AL), and heptanaldehyde (7AL). Liver enzymes included alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). HTG was defined as fasting TG levels ≥ 1.7 mmol/L. Aldehyde co-exposure was quantified using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), while mediation analysis was performed to investigate the role of liver enzymes. Among 1474 participants (mean age 38.6 years, male 50.0%), 426 were diagnosed with HTG. 4AL, 5AL, I5AL, and 7AL were shown to be positively associated with HTG (all P values <0.05). Aldehydes co-exposure was also positively associated with HTG (OR 1.706, 95%CI 1.299-2.240), with 5AL contributing the highest weight (35.3%). Furthermore, aldehydes co-exposure showed positive associations with ALT, AST, and GGT (all P values <0.05), and all four liver enzymes were positively associated with HTG (all P values <0.05). Mediation analysis revealed that liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGT) may mediate the associations of 5AL and 7AL with HTG (all P values <0.05). This study identified a positive association between aldehyde co-exposure and HTG, which may be partially mediated by liver enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanbin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhezhe Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shan
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianli Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xulin Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Han L, Wang Q. Association between brominated flame retardants exposure and markers of oxidative stress in US adults: An analysis based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 263:115253. [PMID: 37478566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress indicators and brominated flame retardant (BFR) levels in US adults. Using data from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) from 2007 to 2016, 8028 participants aged 18 and over were enrolled in this study. PBDE28, PBDE47, PBDE85, PBDE99, PBDE100, PBDE153, PBDE154, PBDE209, and PBB153, with over 75 % detection rates, were extracted in this study. Survey-weighted linear regression model, weighted quantile sum (WQS) model, and quantile-based g calculation (QGC) model were used to assess the correlation between serum BFRs levels and oxidative stress indicators (serum bilirubin and gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT]). Besides, the nonlinear association was explored using restricted cubic splines (RCS). Each of the BFRs was confirmed by the survey-weighted linear regression model to be positively associated with GGT after controlling for variables, and BFRs except for PBDE153 were positively associated with serum bilirubin. Except for PBDE153, serum bilirubin in the highest quartile of BFRs was significantly higher than in the lowest high quartile. Additionally, except for PBDE85, serum GGT in the highest quartile of BFRs was higher than in the lowest high quartile. A significant nonlinear association between all BFRs with bilirubin and the PBDE153, PBDE209, and PBB153 with GGT was identified by RCS analysis. By WQS analysis, combined BFR exposure was associated with serum GGT (β: 0.093; 95 % CI = 0.066-0.121; P < 0.0001) and bilirubin (β: 0.090; 95 % CI = 0.068-0.113; P < 0.0001). QGC analysis found a similar correlation between BFR mixtures with serum GGT (β: 0.098; 95 % CI = 0.075-0.120; P < 0.0001) and bilirubin (β: 0.073; 95 % CI = 0.048-0.097; P < 0.0001). Exposure to BFRs is positively associated with markers of oxidative stress (serum bilirubin and GGT) in US adults, which needs further exploration by a large-scale cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Chong LW, Bintoro BS, Tsai MH, Lin YM, Bai CH. Association Between Fatty Liver Index, Controlled Attenuation Parameter, and Metabolic Syndrome Stages: A Community-Based Study. Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940691. [PMID: 37660251 PMCID: PMC10484017 DOI: 10.12659/msm.940691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is a recent ultrasound-based method for measuring hepatic steatosis, which is common in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The fatty liver index (FLI), an algorithm-based method, is frequently used to evaluate hepatic steatosis. This study assessed how FLI and CAP relate to the earlier MetS stage and their ability to identify it. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 170 community-based individuals were studied. Demographic information, body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressures were collected. CAP was assessed by FibroScan. Fasting glucose, lipid tests, and γ-glutamyl transferase were measured. The CAP and FLI results were categorized into quartiles, with the MetS stages as the main outcomes. The odds ratio (OR) of the outcomes was calculated using logistic regression. The area under the curve in receiver operating characteristic analysis (AUC-ROC) was used to detect the stages of MetS. Sensitivity, specificity, and appropriate cut-offs based on ROC analysis are shown. RESULTS The higher the FLI or CAP category, the lower the proportion of non-MetS and the higher the proportion of moderate MetS. Each single-quartile increase in FLI and CAP was associated with an increased likelihood of being in the higher MetS stages - FLI: adjusted OR 3.1 (2.23-4.32); CAP: adjusted OR 1.96 (1.48-2.59). In the ROC analysis, FLI had a higher AUC-ROC than CAP in separating the stages of MetS, although findings were significant (P<0.001). FLI in detecting the stages of mild-to-severe versus non-MetS performed well (AUC-ROC [95% confidence interval]: 0.79 [0.72-0.87]), with high sensitivity (0.86) but low specificity (0.62). CONCLUSIONS FLI and CAP were positively associated with the MetS stage and its components, suggesting that they could be used as a MetS screening tool in community studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Won Chong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Bagas Suryo Bintoro
- Department of Health Behavior, Environment, and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Center of Health Behavior and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Dellinger RW, Holmes HE, Hu-Seliger T, Butt RW, Harrison SA, Mozaffarian D, Chen O, Guarente L. Nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene reduces markers of hepatic inflammation in NAFLD: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Hepatology 2023; 78:863-877. [PMID: 36082508 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing globally and on a path to becoming the most frequent cause of chronic liver disease. Strategies for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD are urgently needed. APPROACH AND RESULTS A 6-month prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of daily NRPT (commercially known as Basis, a combination of nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene) supplementation in 111 adults with NAFLD. The study consisted of three arms: placebo, recommended daily dose of NRPT (NRPT 1×), and a double dose of NRPT (NRPT 2×). NRPT appeared safe and well tolerated. At the end of the study, no significant change was seen in the primary endpoint of hepatic fat fraction with respect to placebo. However, among prespecified secondary outcomes, a time-dependent decrease in the circulating levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was observed in the NRPT 1× group, and this decrease was significant with respect to placebo. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the circulating levels of the toxic lipid ceramide 14:0 was also observed in the NRPT 1× group versus placebo, and this decrease was associated with a decrease in ALT in individuals of this group. A dose-dependent effect was not observed with respect to ALT, GGT, or ceramide 14:0 in the NRPT 2× group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that NRPT at the recommended dose is safe and may hold promise in lowering markers of hepatic inflammation in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy , Tufts University , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Oliver Chen
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy , Tufts University , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
- Biofortis Research , Addison , Illinois , USA
| | - Leonard Guarente
- Elysium Health New York , New York , New York , USA
- Department of Biology , MIT , Cambridge , Massachusetts , USA
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Kreuder AJ, Breuer RM, Wiley C, Dohlman T, Smith JS, McKeen L. Comparison of turbidometric immunoassay, refractometry, and gamma-glutamyl transferase to radial immunodiffusion for assessment of transfer of passive immunity in high-risk beef calves. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:1923-1933. [PMID: 37549250 PMCID: PMC10473048 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attainment of adequate transfer of passive immunity (TPI) is critical to health of calves; however, studies comparing available tools for measurement of TPI in individual beef animals are limited. OBJECTIVES To report agreement between 4 tests evaluating individual TPI status in beef calves. ANIMALS One hundred ninety-six beef calves born to cows and heifers presenting for calving management or dystocia. METHODS Retrospective study to assess serum immunoglobulin (IgG) concentrations via turbidimetric immunoassay (TI), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), serum total protein (TP), and single radial immunodiffusion (RID; reference standard). Test agreement was evaluated using Passing-Bablok regression, Bland-Altman analysis, Cohen's kappa, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves with and without covariate adjustment to determine optimal thresholds. RESULTS Correlation between RID and test results varied: TI, ρ = 0.757; TP, ρ = 0.715; GGT: ρ = 0.413. For the TI compared to RID, regression analysis identified a constant (intercept = -0.51 [CI: -2.63, 3.05]) and proportional (slope = 1.87 [CI: 1.69, 2.08]) bias. Based on ROC, TI concentrations of ≤9.89 and ≤13.76 g/L, and TP concentrations of ≤5.5 and ≤6.0 g/dL, indicated IgG concentrations <18.0 and <25.0 g/L, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Within this cohort of calves, TI demonstrated the best correlation with RID; however, significant bias was identified which led to frequent underestimation of IgG concentration. Serum total protein demonstrated less correlation with RID but had less misclassification than TI. Both TI and TP demonstrated less correlation for calves that received colostrum replacement prompting clinical awareness of colostrum type when evaluating individual TPI in beef calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Kreuder
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50011USA
- Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50011USA
| | - Ryan M. Breuer
- Veterinary Clinical SciencesIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50011USA
| | - Caitlin Wiley
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50011USA
| | - Tyler Dohlman
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50011USA
| | - Joseph S. Smith
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal MedicineIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50011USA
| | - Lauren McKeen
- Department of StatisticsIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50011USA
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Jeon WK, Lee SR, Han KD, Choi EK, Oh S, Lip GYH. Association between the accumulation of elevated serum γ-glutamyltransferase level and risk of atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13771. [PMID: 37612304 PMCID: PMC10447450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. The association between AF and γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) was not fully established. This study demonstrated the independent association of cumulative GGT score and AF incidence with the dose-response relationship. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation database, adult subjects who had 4 consecutive annual health examinations from 2009 to 2012 were enrolled. A cumulative GGT score was calculated as the cumulative number of the highest GGT quartile amongst four examinations (0-4 times). A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed. Among a total of 3,500,847 people included, AF was developed in 27,752 people (0.793%) during a median of 8.0 years of follow up. The incidence rate of AF and adjusted hazard ratio were increased by a stepwise manner in the higher quartile group and cumulative GGT score group. In subgroup analysis, this trend was more prominent in the elderly, people without hypertension, non-obese people, and people without any four comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity). Our results suggest multiple accumulation of elevated GGT levels in health examination might be a useful marker for risk stratification of AF development, especially in the elderly and healthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyeong Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ryoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seil Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Chest and Heart Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Bourcigaux N, Dubost E, Buzzi JC, Donadille B, Corpechot C, Poujol-Robert A, Christin-Maitre S. Focus on Liver Function Abnormalities in Patients With Turner Syndrome: Risk Factors and Evaluation of Fibrosis Risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2255-2261. [PMID: 36896592 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liver function abnormalities (LFAs) have been described in patients with Turner syndrome (TS). Although a high risk of cirrhosis has been reported, there is a need to assess the severity of liver damage in a large cohort of adult patients with TS. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the types of LFAs and their respective prevalence, search for their risk factors, and evaluate the severity of liver impairment by using a noninvasive fibrosis marker. METHODS This was a monocentric retrospective cross-sectional study. Data were collected during a day hospital visit. The main outcome measures were liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase), FIB-4 score, liver ultrasound imaging, elastography, and liver biopsies, when available. RESULTS 264 patients with TS were evaluated at a mean age of 31.15 ± 11.48 years. The overall prevalence of LFAs was 42.8%. The risk factors were age, body mass index, insulin resistance, and an X isochromosome (Xq). The mean FIB-4 sore of the entire cohort was 0.67 ± 0.41. Less than 10% of patients were at risk of developing fibrosis. Cirrhosis was observed in 2/19 liver biopsies. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of LFAs between premenopausal patients with natural cycles and those receiving hormone replacement therapy (P = .063). A multivariate analysis adjusted for age showed no statistically significant correlation between hormone replacement therapy and abnormal gamma-glutamyl transferase levels (P = .12). CONCLUSION Patients with TS have a high prevalence of LFA. However, 10% are at high risk of developing fibrosis. The FIB-4 score is useful and should be part of the routine screening strategy. Longitudinal studies and better interactions with hepatologists should improve our knowledge of liver disease in patients with TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Bourcigaux
- Endocrine and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Center of Rare Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development (CMERCD), FIRENDO, Endo ERN Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Emma Dubost
- Endocrine and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Center of Rare Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development (CMERCD), FIRENDO, Endo ERN Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Buzzi
- Medical Information Department, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Donadille
- Endocrine and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Center of Rare Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development (CMERCD), FIRENDO, Endo ERN Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Corpechot
- Department of Hepatology, Reference Center for Inflammatory Biliary Diseases and Autoimmune Hepatitis (MIVB-H), French Network for Rare Liver Diseases in Children and Adults FILFOIE, European Reference Network (ERN) RARE-LIVER, Saint-Antoine Hospital & Research Center, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Inserm & Sorbonne University, 75011 Paris, France
- Inserm Unité mixte de Recherche (UMR)933, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Armelle Poujol-Robert
- Department of Hepatology, Reference Center for Inflammatory Biliary Diseases and Autoimmune Hepatitis (MIVB-H), French Network for Rare Liver Diseases in Children and Adults FILFOIE, European Reference Network (ERN) RARE-LIVER, Saint-Antoine Hospital & Research Center, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Inserm & Sorbonne University, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Christin-Maitre
- Endocrine and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Center of Rare Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development (CMERCD), FIRENDO, Endo ERN Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
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Huang G, Li W, Zhong Y, Liao W, Zhang Z. Mendelian randomization to evaluate the causal relationship between liver enzymes and the risk of six specific bone and joint-related diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1195553. [PMID: 37662902 PMCID: PMC10469508 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies of liver dysfunction in relation to bone and joint-related diseases are scarce, and its causality remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate whether serum liver enzymes are causally associated with bone and joint-related diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR) designs. Methods Genetic data on serum liver enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (ALP); alanine transaminase (ALT); gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)) and six common bone and joint-related diseases (rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, osteoarthritis (OA), ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and gout) were derived from independent genome-wide association studies of European ancestry. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was applied for the main causal estimate. Complementary sensitivity analyses and reverse causal analyses were utilized to confirm the robustness of the results. Results Using the IVW method, the positive causality between ALP and the risk of osteoporosis diagnosed by bone mineral density (BMD) at different sites was indicated (femoral neck, lumbar spine, and total body BMD, odds ratio (OR) [95% CI], 0.40 [0.23-0.69], 0.35 [0.19-0.67], and 0.33 [0.22-0.51], respectively). ALP was also linked to a higher risk of RA (OR [95% CI], 6.26 [1.69-23.51]). Evidence of potential harmful effects of higher levels of ALT on the risk of hip and knee OA was acquired (OR [95% CI], 2.48 [1.39-4.41] and 3.07 [1.49-6.30], respectively). No causal relationship was observed between GGT and these bone and joint-related diseases. The study also found that BMD were all negatively linked to ALP levels (OR [95% CI] for TBMD, FN-BMD, and LS-BMD: 0.993 [0.991-0.995], 0.993 [0.988-0.998], and 0.993 [0.989, 0.998], respectively) in the reverse causal analysis. The results were replicated via sensitivity analysis in the validation process. Conclusions Our study revealed a significant association between liver function and bone and joint-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiwu Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenchang Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglie Zhong
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Liao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Jung DH, Park B, Ryu HE, Lee YJ. Sex-specific associations of γ-glutamyltransferase to HDL-cholesterol ratio and the incident risk of cardiovascular disease: three Korean longitudinal cohorts from different regions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1231502. [PMID: 37649976 PMCID: PMC10464609 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1231502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The combination of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (GGT/HDL-C) is a novel noninsulin-based marker for assessing the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, whether the GGT/HDL-C ratio is related to the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is not well known. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the longitudinal effect of GGT/HDL-C ratio on incident CVD risk in three large cohorts of Korean men and women. Methods Data were assessed from 27,643 participants without CVD from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), Health Risk Assessment Study (HERAS), and Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) (HERAS-HIRA) datasets. The participants were divided into four groups according to the GGT/HDL-C quartiles. We prospectively assessed hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD using multivariate Cox proportional-hazard regression models over a 50-month period following the baseline survey. Results During the follow-up period, 949 patients (3.4%; 529 men and 420 women) developed CVD. The HRs of CVD for GGT/HDL-C quartiles 2-4 were 1.36 (95% CI, 0.91-2.02), 1.54 (95% CI, 1.05-2.26), and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.12-2.47) after adjusting for metabolic parameters in women, but GGT/HDL-C did not show a trend toward increases in incident CVD in men. Regional discrepancies were evident in the results; the increase in HR in the metropolitan hospital cohort was more pronounced than that in the urban cohort, and the risk was not increased in the rural cohort. Conclusion GGT/HDL-C ratio may be a useful predictive marker for CVD in women. Furthermore, the prevalence of CVD was strongly correlated with the GGT/HDL-C ratio in metropolitan areas, and this correlation was more significant than that observed with GGT or HDL-C in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungjin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Eun Ryu
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Jin F, Wu Y, Wang B, Xie J, Li Y, Pan Y, Liu Z, Shen W. Prognostic impact of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelets ratio on hepatocellular carcinoma patients who have undergone surgery: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:803-811. [PMID: 37395231 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio (GPR) is an inflammatory index and has been used as a prognostic index for a variety of tumors. However, the association between GPR and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remained controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the prognostic impact of GPR on HCC patients. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese VIP Database, the US Clinical Trials Registry, and the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry were searched from inception to December 2022. A hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the association between preoperative GPR and the prognosis of HCC patients. Ten cohort studies including 4706 HCC patients were identified. This meta-analysis showed that higher GPRs were closely related to worse overall survival (HR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.35-2.39; P < 0.001; I2 = 82.7%), recurrence-free survival (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.16-1.46; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%), and disease-free survival (HR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.58-2.15; P < 0.001; I2 = 25.4%) in patients with HCC. This meta-analysis suggests that preoperative GPR appears to be significantly associated with the prognosis of HCC patients who have undergone surgery and may be an effective prognostic marker. Trial registration: PROSPERO: CRD42021296219.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Fangfang Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jingri Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin
| | - Yujia Pan
- Cixi People's Hospital Medical and Health Group, Ningbo
| | - Zhaolan Liu
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Wenjuan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Tao J, Li W, Ma X, Kong S, An Q, Wang X. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Aspartate Transaminase-to-platelet Ratio Index, Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase-to-platelet Ratio, and Fibrosis-4 for Compensated Hepatitis B-related Liver Cirrhosis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2023; 33:941-943. [PMID: 37553938 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.08.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate a serodiagnostic model as a substitute for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) for diagnosing compensated liver cirrhosis (LC). This retrospective study included 150 patients with compensated hepatitis B-related LC and 153 with chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. It was conducted from May 2017 to June 2022 at Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, China. The values of LSM, aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio (GPR), and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) were evaluated in all admitted patients. The diagnostic value of APRI, GPR, FIB-4, and LSM was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. FIB-4 score (AUC=0.842; specificity=77.8%; sensitivity=80.7%; cut-off=2.824) was the best substitute for LSM from the three serum scoring models. The Cox regression model indicated that a FIB-4 score ≥2.824 was an independent predictor of prognosis for compensated hepatitis B-related LC (HR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.07-1.23, p<0.001). This study's findings suggested that FIB-4 could be the best substitute for LSM and may help to assess LC prognosis. Key Words: APRI, GPR, FIB-4, LSM, Diagnosis, Liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Tao
- Clinical Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Xiuwen Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Shunyu Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Qi An
- Clinical Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Xuehong Wang
- Clinical Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
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Guan H, Liu K, Fan X, Yu H, Qin Y, Yang J, Zhu Z, Shen C, Pan E, Lu Y, Zhou J, Su J, Wu M. Association of gamma-glutamyl transferase concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes 2023; 15:674-684. [PMID: 37161588 PMCID: PMC10415869 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence links gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) to mortality in the general population. However, the relationship of GGT with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk has been little explored in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS We recruited 20 340 community-dwelling T2DM patients between 2013 and 2014 in Jiangsu, China. Cox regression models were used to assess associations of GGT with all-cause and specific-cause mortality. Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze dose-response relationships between GGT and mortality. Stratified analysis was conducted to examine potential interaction effects by age, sex, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, and dyslipidemia. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 7.04 years (interquartile range: 6.98-7.08), 2728 deaths occurred, including 902 (33.09%) due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and 754 (27.58%) due to cancer. GGT concentrations were positively associated with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest (Q5) vs. the lowest quintile (Q1) were 1.63 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.44-1.84) for all-cause mortality, 1.87 (95% CI: 1.49-2.35) for CVD mortality, and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.13-1.81) for cancer mortality. Effect modification by BMI and dyslipidemia was observed for all-cause mortality (both p for interaction <.05), and HRs were stronger in the BMI <25 kg/m2 group and those without dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that, in Chinese T2DM patients, elevated serum GGT concentrations were associated with mortality for all-cause, CVD, and cancer, and further research is needed to elucidate the role of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and lipids in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xikang Fan
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Enchun Pan
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and ControlHuai'an City Center for Disease Control and PreventionHuai'anChina
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and ControlSuzhou City Center for Disease Control and PreventionSuzhouChina
| | - Jinyi Zhou
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Jian Su
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
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Li J, Hao HR, Feng SF. The Association of Immune and Liver Functions in Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia Children with Andrographolide Sulfonate's Therapy. Clin Lab 2023; 69. [PMID: 37560853 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2022.220605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the association of immune and liver functions' alteration in mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) children with the therapeutic effect of andrographolide sulfonate's curative outcome. METHODS From January 2019 to April 2021, a group of 102 MPP child patients was divided into severe and mild cases in the light of the disease's severity, and involvement of 57 healthy child patients during the identical period was as the control. Comparison of immune function among three groups [immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM)] and liver function indexes [Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT)] was to analyze its association and assessment value for the illness's severity. RESULTS IgA and IgM in MPP child patients were declined with the illness's severity, while ALT, AST and GGT were elevated with it (p < 0.05). AUC of combined detection of immune and liver function indexes in assessing MPP's severity in children was augmented vs. each index's alone examination (p < 0.05). IgA was negatively associated with MPP's severity in children, while ALT, AST, and GGT were positively associated with it (p < 0.05). IgA in the effective was augmented vs. the noneffective, while ALT, AST, and GGT were declined vs. the noneffective (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The immune and liver functions of MPP child patients are associated with the illness's severity and provide an assessment value for the disease's severity and Andro-S's curative outcome.
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Wang M, Tang L. Vancomycin-induced elevation of liver enzyme levels in a 3-year-old boy with bacterial meningitis: A pediatric case report. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2023; 63:1242-1244. [PMID: 37028760 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vancomycin as a glycopeptide antibiotic agent plays a vital role in the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Vancomycin-induced liver disease is rarely reported previously; isolated cases have been reported only in adults and none in children except in a 3-month-old girl published in a Chinese journal. CASE SUMMARY A 3-year-old boy received vancomycin for the treatment of bacterial meningitis for more than 3 weeks. The baseline liver enzyme levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (12 U/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (18 U/L), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (26 U/L) were obtained after administering vancomycin for 2 days. Liver enzyme levels of ALT (191 U/L), AST (175 U/L), and GGT (92 U/L) were obviously elevated after administering vancomycin for 22 days; this elevation was reversed after vancomycin discontinuation. This case suggested that regular examination of liver function is necessary for all individuals who initiated vancomycin. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS This is a rarely known case of vancomycin-induced elevation of ALT and AST and the first reported case of vancomycin causing GGT elevation in children, which suggested that regular examination of liver function is required during the use of vancomycin in children and could help avoid progressive liver injury. This case adds to the limited number of reports on vancomycin-induced liver disease.
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Wang MY, Prabahar K, Găman MA, Zhang JL. Vitamin E supplementation in the treatment on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Evidence from an umbrella review of meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials. J Dig Dis 2023; 24:380-389. [PMID: 37503812 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted this umbrella review of meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials to clarify the effects of vitamin E administration on alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), degrees of steatosis and fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched to identify pertinent articles published up to June 2023. To calculate the overall effect size (ES) and confidence intervals (CI), random-effects model was used. RESULTS Six meta-analyses were included in the umbrella review. By pooling ES based on the random-effects model, we found that vitamin E supplementation significantly decreased ALT (ES -6.47, 95% CI -11.73 to -1.22, P = 0.01), AST (ES -5.35, 95% CI -9.78 to -0.93, P = 0.01), degrees of fibrosis (ES -0.24, 95% CI -0.36 to -0.12, P < 0.001) and steatosis (ES -0.67, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.45, P < 0.001) in NAFLD patients, but had no effect on GGT. In the subgroup analyses, we detected that fibrosis scores notably decreased when vitamin E dosage was >600 IU/day (ES -0.25, 95% CI -0.41 to -0.10, P = 0.002) and when the treatment duration was ≥12 months (ES -0.24, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.12, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Vitamin E administration improves ALT, AST, fibrosis, and steatosis in NAFLD subjects. Fibrosis scores were significantly reduced when vitamin E dosage exceeded 600 IU/day or with a treatment duration of at least 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jin Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Robescu MS, Alcántara AR, Calvio C, Morelli CF, Speranza G, Ubiali D, Bavaro T. l-Theanine Goes Greener: A Highly Efficient Bioprocess Catalyzed by the Immobilized γ-Glutamyl Transferase from Bacillus subtilis. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202202108. [PMID: 36655933 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
l-Theanine (l-Th) was synthesized by simply mixing the reactants (l-glutamine and ethylamine in water) at 25 °C and Bacillus subtilis γ-glutamyl transferase (BsGGT) covalently immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose according to a methodology previously reported by our research group; neither buffers, nor other additives were needed. Ratio of l-glutamine (donor) to ethylamine (acceptor), pH, enzymatic units (IU), and reaction time were optimized (molar ratio of donor/acceptor=1 : 8, pH 11.6, 1 IU mL-1 , 6 h), furnishing l-Th in 93 % isolated yield (485 mg, 32.3 g L-1 ) and high purity (99 %), after a simple filtration of the immobilized biocatalyst, distillation of the volatiles (unreacted ethylamine) and direct lyophilization. Immobilized BsGGT was re-used (four reaction cycles) with 100 % activity retention. This enzymatic synthesis represents a straightforward, fast, high-yielding, and easily scalable approach to l-Th preparation, besides having a favorable green chemistry metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina S Robescu
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrés R Alcántara
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza de Ramon y Cajal s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cinzia Calvio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo F Morelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Speranza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Ubiali
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, Italy
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, Italy
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Liao W, Yang Y, Yang H, Qu Y, Song H, Li Q. Circulating gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and risk of pancreatic cancer: A prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank. Cancer Med 2023; 12:7877-7887. [PMID: 36583230 PMCID: PMC10134379 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) level is associated with pancreatic cancer risk in a large prospective cohort. METHODS The study analyzed serum GGT concentration at baseline of 421,032 participants recruited in the UK Biobank since 2006 through 2010. Information on incidence of pancreatic cancer was obtained from cancer and death registers, updated until 2015 in Scotland or 2016 in England and Wales. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to measure the association between serum GGT and pancreatic cancer risk. RESULTS The study identified 586 cases of pancreatic cancer over a median follow-up period of 7.16 years. In the multivariable-adjusted Cox model, serum GGT level was associated with 14% higher pancreatic cancer risk (hazard ratio (HR) per one standard deviation increment of log2 GGT level = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.28, p = 0.025). In the total population, the HR for the highest GGT group was 1.68 (95%CI: 1.22-2.30) versus the lowest GGT group. The HR for the highest GGT group in men (≥50.2 U/L) was 1.72 (95%CI: 1.14-2.61) and that in women (≥31.6 U/L) was 1.75 (95%CI: 1.06-2.88) versus the lowest GGT group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested a positive association of serum GGT in pancreatic cancer etiology, implying the potential of monitoring GGT level for identifying at-risk individuals for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Liao
- Department of Medical OncologyCancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Medical OncologyCancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huazhen Yang
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Medical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Medical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huan Song
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Medical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Medical OncologyCancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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