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Du B, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Zhang M, Yu Z, Li L, Hou L, Wang Q, Zhang X, Zhang W. Joint metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis systematically reveal the impact of MYCN in neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20155. [PMID: 39215128 PMCID: PMC11364762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The limited understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying MYCN-amplified (MNA) neuroblastoma (NB) has hindered the identification of effective therapeutic targets for MNA NB, contributing to its higher mortality rate compared to MYCN non-amplified (non-MNA) NB. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis integrating metabolomics and transcriptomics was conducted to systematically investigate the MNA NB. Metabolomics analysis utilized plasma samples from 28 MNA NB patients and 68 non-MNA NB patients, while transcriptomics analysis employed tissue samples from 15 MNA NB patients and 37 non-MNA NB patients. Notably, joint metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis was performed. A total of 46 metabolites exhibited alterations, with 21 displaying elevated levels and 25 demonstrating reduced levels in MNA NB. In addition, 884 mRNAs in MNA NB showed significant changes, among which 766 mRNAs were higher and 118 mRNAs were lower. Joint-pathway analysis revealed three aberrant pathways involving glycerolipid metabolism, purine metabolism, and lysine degradation. This study highlights the substantial differences in metabolomics and transcriptomics between MNA NB and non-MNA NB, identifying three abnormal metabolic pathways that may serve as potential targets for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying MNA NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang Du
- Health Commission of Henan Province Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Tumor, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Yingyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Pin Zhang
- Health Commission of Henan Province Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Tumor, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Mengxin Zhang
- Health Commission of Henan Province Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Tumor, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Zhidan Yu
- Health Commission of Henan Province Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Tumor, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Health Commission of Henan Province Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Tumor, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Ligong Hou
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Disease, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Qionglin Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China.
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Health Commission of Henan Province Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Tumor, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China.
| | - Wancun Zhang
- Health Commission of Henan Province Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Tumor, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China.
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Disease, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China.
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Li W, Ou Z, Wu Z, Li L, Ye F, Wen X, Ye D. Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for patients with ganglioneuroblastoma: A SEER-based study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30891. [PMID: 38774105 PMCID: PMC11107237 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to construct a prognostic nomogram for ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), as the prognosis of GNB is difficult to accurately predict before therapy. Methods The data were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The patients included in this study were randomly divided into a development group and a validation group at a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to filter the variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to assess the nomogram. All patients were redivided into two groups based on their nomogram total points, and overall survival was compared. Results A total of 1194 GNB patients were retrospectively included, with 835 and 359 patients in the development and validation groups, respectively. Five independent prognostic factors, including age, primary tumor site, SEER stage, surgery and chemotherapy, were screened out and included in the nomogram. The consistency index (C-index) of the Cox regression model was 0.862 and 0.827 in the development group and the validation group, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) showed that the nomogram had good accuracy in predicting 3-, 5- and 10-year overall survival for GNB patients. The calibration curves of the nomogram showed good agreement between the predicted outcomes and the actual observations. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves revealed that patients with nomogram scores below the median had a better prognosis. Conclusions Age, primary tumor site, SEER stage, surgery and chemotherapy may be independent prognostic factors for GNB. We constructed a nomogram based on the SEER database to predict the prognosis of GNB, but further optimization by adding more risk factors is needed for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Li
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Gerontology, Guangzhou Geriatric Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Civil Affairs of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxing Ou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanghai Wu
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Gerontology, Guangzhou Geriatric Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Civil Affairs of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liujun Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Feile Ye
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Dalin Ye
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Hu J, Song F, Kang W, Xia F, Song Z, Wang Y, Li J, Zhao Q. Integrative analysis of multi-omics data for discovery of ferroptosis-related gene signature predicting immune activity in neuroblastoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1162563. [PMID: 37521469 PMCID: PMC10373597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1162563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy for neuroblastoma remains unsatisfactory due to heterogeneity and weak immunogenicity. Exploring powerful signatures for the evaluation of immunotherapy outcomes remain the primary purpose. We constructed a ferroptosis-related gene (FRG) signature by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression, identified 10 independent prognostic FRGs in a training cohort (GSE62564), and then verified them in an external validation cohort (TCGA). Associated with clinical factors, the signature accurately predicts overall survival of 3, 5, and 10 years. An independent prognostic nomogram, which included FRG risk, age, stage of the International Neuroblastoma Staging System, and an MYCN status, was constructed. The area under the curves showed satisfactory prognostic predicting performance. Through bulk RNA-seq and proteomics data, we revealed the relationship between hub genes and the key onco-promoter MYCN gene and then validated the results in MYCN-amplified and MYCN-non-amplified cell lines with qRT-PCR. The FRG signature significantly divided patients into high- and low-risk groups, and the differentially expressed genes between the two groups were enriched in immune actions, autophagy, and carcinogenesis behaviors. The low-risk group embodied higher positive immune component infiltration and a higher expression of immune checkpoints with a more favorable immune cytolytic activity (CYT). We verified the predictive power of this signature with data from melanoma patients undergoing immunotherapy, and the predictive power was satisfactory. Gene mutations were closely related to the signature and prognosis. AURKA and PRKAA2 were revealed to be nodal hub FRGs in the signature, and both were shown to have significantly different expressions between the INSS stage IV and other stages after immunohistochemical validation. With single-cell RNA-seq analysis, we found that genes related to T cells were enriched in TNFA signaling and interferon-γ hallmark. In conclusion, we constructed a ferroptosis-related gene signature that can predict the outcomes and work in evaluating the effects of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajian Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengju Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjuan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fantong Xia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi’an Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Liu Z, Yan W, Liu S, Liu Z, Xu P, Fang W. Regulatory network and targeted interventions for CCDC family in tumor pathogenesis. Cancer Lett 2023; 565:216225. [PMID: 37182638 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
CCDC (coiled-coil domain-containing) is a coiled helix domain that exists in natural proteins. There are about 180 CCDC family genes, encoding proteins that are involved in intercellular transmembrane signal transduction and genetic signal transcription, among other functions. Alterations in expression, mutation, and DNA promoter methylation of CCDC family genes have been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases, including primary ciliary dyskinesia, infertility, and tumors. In recent studies, CCDC family genes have been found to be involved in regulation of growth, invasion, metastasis, chemosensitivity, and other biological behaviors of malignant tumor cells in various cancer types, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer. In this review, we summarize the involvement of CCDC family genes in tumor pathogenesis and the relevant upstream and downstream molecular mechanisms. In addition, we summarize the potential of CCDC family genes as tumor therapy targets. The findings discussed here help us to further understand the role and the therapeutic applications of CCDC family genes in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Weiwei Yan
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, 337000, China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital (People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410002, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315, Guangzhou, China; Respiratory Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518034, China.
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315, Guangzhou, China.
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Yamashita M, Kuroha M, Kinowawki Y, Kashiwagi N, Watanabe K, Nagase M, Niizato D, Mitsuiki N, Isoda T, Kamiya T, Arisaka A, Inaji M, Ohashi K, Imai K, Kanegane H, Morio T, Takagi M. A SAMD5-SASH1 fusion in solitary infantile myofibromatosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30278. [PMID: 36861442 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Yamashita
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masae Kuroha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kinowawki
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Kashiwagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Nagase
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Niizato
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Mitsuiki
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Isoda
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kamiya
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Arisaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Inaji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ohashi
- Department of Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Imai
- Department of Community Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kanegane
- Department of Child Health and Development, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Drozd MM, Capovilla M, Previderé C, Grossi M, Askenazy F, Bardoni B, Fernandez A. A Pilot Study on Early-Onset Schizophrenia Reveals the Implication of Wnt, Cadherin and Cholecystokinin Receptor Signaling in Its Pathophysiology. Front Genet 2021; 12:792218. [PMID: 34976023 PMCID: PMC8719199 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.792218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-Onset Schizophrenia (EOS) is a very rare mental disorder that is a form of schizophrenia occurring before the age of 18. EOS is a brain disease marked by an early onset of positive and negative symptoms of psychosis that impact development and cognitive functioning. Clinical manifestations commonly include premorbid features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), attention deficits, Intellectual Disability (ID), neurodevelopmental delay, and behavioral disturbances. After the onset of psychotic symptoms, other neuropsychiatric comorbidities are also common, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, expressive and receptive language disorders, auditory processing, and executive functioning deficits. With the purpose to better gain insight into the genetic bases of this disorder, we developed a pilot project performing whole exome sequencing of nine trios affected by EOS, ASD, and mild ID. We carried out gene prioritization by combining multiple bioinformatic tools allowing us to identify the main pathways that could underpin the neurodevelopmental phenotypes of these patients. We identified the presence of variants in genes belonging to the Wnt, cadherin and cholecystokinin receptor signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Marta Drozd
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Maria Capovilla
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Carlo Previderé
- Laboratorio di Genetica Forense, Unità di Medicina Legale e Scienze Forensi Antonio Fornari, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Medicina Sperimentale e Forense, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Grossi
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Florence Askenazy
- Département de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent, Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice, CHU-Lenval, Nice, France
- CoBTek, EA7276, Université Côte d’Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm, CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Arnaud Fernandez
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
- Département de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent, Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice, CHU-Lenval, Nice, France
- CoBTek, EA7276, Université Côte d’Azur, Valbonne, France
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Antitumor Effect of Saikosaponin A on Human Neuroblastoma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5845554. [PMID: 34513994 PMCID: PMC8429005 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5845554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Neuroblastoma (NB) is a highly metastatic tumor in children that develops in the sympathetic nervous system and has a low curative rate. Saikosaponin A (SSA), an active ingredient isolated from the root of Radix Bupleuri, is a natural compound with various pharmacological activities and shows good application prospects in antitumors. This study investigated the antihuman NB activity of SSA and underlying mechanisms associated with its actions. Materials and Methods The MTT method was used to detect the activity of SSA in inhibiting human NB cell SK-N-AS proliferation. Cell morphology was observed. The flow cytometry technology was used in analyzing the cell apoptosis rate. The Transwell assay evaluated cell migration and invasion following SSA treatment, apoptosis-related protein expression, and angiogenesis-related protein expression, and EMT-related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. Results SSA showed an inhibitory effect on SK-N-AS cells with the IC50 values of 14.14 μM at 24 h and 12.41 μM at 48 h. Results indicated that SSA has proapoptotic activity, and its proapoptotic activity is positively correlated with the Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-9/caspase-7/PARP pathway. Furthermore, SSA inhibited the invasion and migration of SK-N-AS cells via regulating the angiogenesis-related VEGFR2/Src/Akt pathway and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition- (EMT-) related protein expression. Conclusion SSA exerts an antihuman NB effect and thus provides foundations for NB treatment.
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Neuroblastoma GD2 Expression and Computational Analysis of Aptamer-Based Bioaffinity Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169101. [PMID: 34445807 PMCID: PMC8396649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a neuroectodermal embryonic cancer that originates from primordial neural crest cells, and amongst pediatric cancers with high mortality rates. NB is categorized into high-, intermediate-, and low-risk cases. A significant proportion of high-risk patients who achieve remission have a minimal residual disease (MRD) that causes relapse. Whilst there exists a myriad of advanced treatment options for NB, it is still characterized by a high relapse rate, resulting in a reduced chance of survival. Disialoganglioside (GD2) is a lipo-ganglioside containing a fatty acid derivative of sphingosine that is coupled to a monosaccharide and a sialic acid. Amongst pediatric solid tumors, NB tumor cells are known to express GD2; hence, it represents a unique antigen for subclinical NB MRD detection and analysis with implications in determining a response for treatment. This article discusses NB MRD expression and analytical assays for GD2 detection and quantification as well as computational approaches for GD2 characterization based on high-throughput image processing and genomic data analysis.
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