The noncoding RNAs regulating pyroptosis in colon adenocarcinoma were derived from the construction of a ceRNA network and used to develop a prognostic model

Clinical Analysis of Pyroptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs MIAT and Gm15441 in Colorectal Cancer Patients with a History of Ulcerative Colitis

BACKGROUND

Pyroptosis can play a significant role in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). The expression pattern of two pyroptosis related-lncRNAs MIAT and Gm15441 was investigated in clinical samples of CRC with and without a history of UC.

METHODS

In this case-control study, 48 tumor samples from patients with CRC and 48 healthy adjacent tissue samples were studied. A quantitative PCR was completed to analyze the relative expression of lncRNAs GM15441 and MIAT. Quantitative expression levels of the lncRNAs in tumor and healthy tissues were compared. The potential relationship with clinicopathological features and diagnostic values of the lncRNAs were evaluated.

RESULTS

The expression levels of both lncRNAs MIAT and Gm15441 were significantly increased in CRC tissues in comparison with healthy tissues (P=0.038 and 0.012, respectively). Also, there was a significant relationship between the expression levels of lncRNA MIAT and lymph node metastasis, but not other clinicopathological characterizations. An AUC of 0.65 for lncRNA MIAT with a sensitivity of 62% and specificity of 54%, with a cut-off value of 2.9 (P= 0.025), and an AUC of 0.66 for lncRNA Gm15441, with a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 52%, with a cut-off value 1.7 (P= 0.005) were detected.

CONCLUSION

Dysregulated lncRNAs MIAT and Gm15441 in CRC can be more clinically important in cases of cancer related to UC due to their biological function in regulating the inflammation process, providing new ideas about the diagnosis and management of pyroptosis-related diseases.

Crosstalk between non-coding RNAs and programmed cell death in colorectal cancer: implications for targeted therapy

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Its progression is influenced by complex interactions involving genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been identified as key regulators of gene expression, affecting diverse biological processes, notably programmed cell death (PCD).

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to explore the relationship between ncRNAs and PCD in CRC, focusing on how ncRNAs influence cancer cell survival, proliferation, and treatment resistance.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature analysis was conducted to examine recent findings on the role of ncRNAs in modulating various PCD mechanisms, including apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, and their impact on CRC development and therapeutic response.

RESULTS

ncRNAs were found to significantly regulate PCD pathways, impacting tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment sensitivity in CRC. Their influence on these pathways highlights the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers for early CRC detection and as targets for innovative therapeutic interventions.

CONCLUSION

Understanding the involvement of ncRNAs in PCD regulation offers new insights into CRC biology. The targeted modulation of ncRNA-PCD interactions presents promising avenues for personalized cancer treatment, which may improve patient outcomes by enhancing therapeutic effectiveness and reducing resistance.

Transcriptomic Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Indole Analogues from the Periplaneta americana Extract and Their Therapeutic Effects on Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease of the intestinal mucosa, and its incidence is steadily increasing worldwide. As a traditional Chinese medicinal insect, Periplaneta americana has been broadly utilized in clinical practice to treat wound healing. The tryptophan (Trp), tryptamine (Try), and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrogen-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (Thcc) identified from P. americana concentrated ethanol-extract liquid (PACEL) exhibit significant cell proliferation-promoting and anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of UC, but the mechanism involved remains obscure. Here, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mouse model was used to investigate the efficacy of high/low doses of PACEL, Trp, Try, and Thcc. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to detect the gene expression in the mouse intestine. The results showed that high doses of PACEL, Trp, Try, and Thcc could significantly improve weight loss and diarrhea, notably in the PACEL and Trp groups. Transcriptome analysis indicated that statistically changed genes in four treatment groups were specifically enriched in the immune system. Of these, the integrated analysis identified six hub genes (IL1β, CCL4, CXCL5, CXCR2, LCN2, and MMP9) regulated by NF-κB, which were significantly downregulated. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying the UC treatment properties of indole analogues from PACEL, potentially through the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Research progress on the effect of pyroptosis on the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer

Pyroptosis is a type of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermines (GSDMs). The N-terminal domain of GSDMs forms pores in the plasma membrane, causing cell membrane rupture and the release of cell contents, leading to an inflammatory response and mediating pyrodeath. Pyroptosis plays an important role in inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors. With the further study of pyroptosis, an increasing number of studies have shown that the pyroptosis pathway can regulate the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity of colorectal cancer and is closely related to the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer. This review aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of pyroptosis and the role of pyroptosis in the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and to provide ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Pyroptosis in Colorectal Cancer: A Review

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The unlimited proliferation of tumor cells is one of the key features resulting in the malignant development and progression of CRC. Consequently, understanding the potential proliferation and growth molecular mechanisms and developing effective therapeutic strategies have become key in CRC treatment. Pyroptosis is an emerging type of regulated cell death (RCD) that has a significant role in cells proliferation and growth. For the last few years, numerous studies have indicated a close correlation between pyroptosis and the occurrence, progression, and treatment of many malignancies, including CRC. The development of effective therapeutic strategies to inhibit tumor growth and proliferation has become a key area in CRC treatment. Thus, this review mainly summarized the different pyroptosis pathways and mechanisms, the anti-tumor (tumor suppressor) and protective roles of pyroptosis in CRC, and the clinical and prognostic value of pyroptosis in CRC, which may contribute to exploring new therapeutic strategies for CRC.

Bridging Pyroptosis and Immunity: A Comprehensive Study of the Pyroptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signature in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer continuously poses serious clinical challenges to human health due to its intrinsic heterogenicity and evolving drug resistance. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that pyroptosis, known as a programmed and inflammatory form of cell death, participates in tumorigenesis, progression, and remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). However, a comprehensive insight into pyroptosis-related signatures for breast cancer remains elusive. The current study established a pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature using transcriptome data and corresponding clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Pyroptosis-related gene clusters, the associated differential expression in breast cancer patients' subtypes, and the potential mechanisms were all discussed. This integrative analysis revealed a unique signature underpinning the dichotomy of breast cancer progression and survival outcomes. Interestingly, the pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature was revealed as closely intertwined with the TIME. A correlation was established between the pyroptosis-related LncRNA signature and the TIME, underlying the mutual effect between pyroptosis and the immune responses implicated in breast cancer. The findings in this work underline the critical role exerted by pyroptosis in breast cancer, providing new insights into disease progression, prognosis, and therapeutic potential. This work has been poised to provide new avenues for personalized, immune-based cancer therapeutics by enhancing our understanding of pyroptosis in breast cancer.