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Liu C, Lu J, Yuan T, Xie L, Zhang L. EPC-exosomal miR-26a-5p improves airway remodeling in COPD by inhibiting ferroptosis of bronchial epithelial cells via PTGS2/PGE2 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6126. [PMID: 37059741 PMCID: PMC10104834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether exosomes (Exo) affected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by influencing ferroptosis of bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) and the mechanisms involved. Here we took the peripheral blood samples of normal subjects and COPD patients, extracted and identified endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and EPC-Exo. An animal model of COPD was established. Then human BECs were taken and treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 24 h to construct a COPD cell model. Next, we screened differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes in COPD patients by bioinformatics. Bioinformatics predicted the miRNA targeting PTGS2. Then, the mechanism of action of miR-26a-5p and Exo-miR-26a-5p was investigated in vitro. We successfully isolated and identified EPC and Exo. In vitro, EPC alleviated CSE-induced ferroptosis in BECs by transporting Exo. In vivo, Exo alleviated cigarette smoke-induced ferroptosis and airway remodeling in mice. Through further validation, we found that CSE-induced ferroptosis promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BECs. Bioinformatics analysis and validation showed that PTGS2/PGE2 pathway affected CSE-induced ferroptosis in BECs. Meanwhile, miR-26a-5p targeting PTGS2 affected CSE-induced ferroptosis in BECs. Additionally, we found that miR-26a-5p affected CSE-induced BECs EMT. Exo-miR-26a-5p alleviated CSE-induced ferroptosis and EMT. In conclusion, EPC-exosomal miR-26a-5p improved airway remodeling in COPD by inhibiting ferroptosis of BECs via the PTGS2/PGE2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Junjuan Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Department of Nutriology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410001, Hunan, China
| | - Lihua Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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2
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From Nucleus to Organs: Insights of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314919. [PMID: 36499247 PMCID: PMC9738205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a markedly established regulator of a plethora of cellular and molecular processes. Its initial role in the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds has been partially overshadowed by its involvement in homeostatic and organ physiology processes. In fact, the discovery of its ability to bind specific target regulatory sequences has allowed for the understanding of how AHR modulates such processes. Thereby, AHR presents functions in transcriptional regulation, chromatin architecture modifications and participation in different key signaling pathways. Interestingly, such fields of influence end up affecting organ and tissue homeostasis, including regenerative response both to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Therefore, from classical spheres such as canonical transcriptional regulation in embryonic development, cell migration, differentiation or tumor progression to modern approaches in epigenetics, senescence, immune system or microbiome, this review covers all aspects derived from the balance between regulation/deregulation of AHR and its physio-pathological consequences.
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The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR): A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031516. [PMID: 35163440 PMCID: PMC8836075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a cytoplasmic transcription factor that is well-known for regulating xenobiotic metabolism. Studies in knockout and transgenic mice indicate that the AHR plays a vital role in the development of liver and regulation of reproductive, cardiovascular, hematopoietic, and immune homeostasis. In this focused review on lung diseases associated with acute injury and alveolar development, we reviewed and summarized the current literature on the mechanistic role(s) and therapeutic potential of the AHR in acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Pre-clinical studies indicate that endogenous AHR activation is necessary to protect neonatal and adult lungs against hyperoxia- and cigarette smoke-induced injury. Our goal is to provide insight into the high translational potential of the AHR in the meaningful management of infants and adults with these lung disorders that lack curative therapies.
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4
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Aloufi N, Alluli A, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Aberrant Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Expression in the Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111963. [PMID: 34769392 PMCID: PMC8584689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable and prevalent respiratory disorder that is characterized by chronic inflammation and emphysema. COPD is primarily caused by cigarette smoke (CS). CS alters numerous cellular processes, including the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNAs. The identification of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as main factors engaged in the regulation of RNA biology opens the door to understanding their role in coordinating physiological cellular processes. Dysregulation of post-transcriptional regulation by foreign particles in CS may lead to the development of diseases such as COPD. Here we review current knowledge about post-transcriptional events that may be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noof Aloufi
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Universities Road, Medina P.O. Box 344, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeshah Alluli
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - David H. Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
| | - Carolyn J. Baglole
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Correspondence:
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5
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Al-Habeeb F, Aloufi N, Traboulsi H, Liu X, Nair P, Haston C, Azuelos I, Huang SK, White ES, Gallouzi IE, Di Marco S, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Human antigen R promotes lung fibroblast differentiation to myofibroblasts and increases extracellular matrix production. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6836-6851. [PMID: 33855709 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease of progressive scarring caused by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and activation of α-SMA-expressing myofibroblasts. Human antigen R (HuR) is an RNA binding protein that promotes protein translation. Upon translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, HuR functions to stabilize messenger RNA (mRNA) to increase protein levels. However, the role of HuR in promoting ECM production, myofibroblast differentiation, and lung fibrosis is unknown. Human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) treated with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) showed a significant increase in translocation of HuR from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. TGF-β-treated HLFs that were transfected with HuR small interfering RNA had a significant reduction in α-SMA protein as well as the ECM proteins COL1A1, COL3A, and FN1. HuR was also bound to mRNA for ACTA2, COL1A1, COL3A1, and FN. HuR knockdown affected the mRNA stability of ACTA2 but not that of the ECM genes COL1A1, COL3A1, or FN. In mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis, there was higher cytoplasmic HuR in lung structural cells compared to control mice. In human IPF lungs, there was also more cytoplasmic HuR. This study is the first to show that HuR in lung fibroblasts controls their differentiation to myofibroblasts and consequent ECM production. Further research on HuR could assist in establishing the basis for the development of new target therapy for fibrotic diseases, such as IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah Al-Habeeb
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Noof Aloufi
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Departments of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xingxing Liu
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University & St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina Haston
- Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ilan Azuelos
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steven K Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric S White
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Imed E Gallouzi
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sergio Di Marco
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Departments of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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6
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Guerrina N, Traboulsi H, Rico de Souza A, Bossé Y, Thatcher TH, Robichaud A, Ding J, Li PZ, Simon L, Pareek S, Bourbeau J, Tan WC, Benedetti A, Obeidat M, Sin DD, Brandsma CA, Nickle DC, Sime PJ, Phipps RP, Nair P, Zago M, Hamid Q, Smith BM, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor deficiency causes the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through the integration of multiple pathogenic mechanisms. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21376. [PMID: 33605487 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002350r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Emphysema, a component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible alveolar destruction that results in a progressive decline in lung function. This alveolar destruction is caused by cigarette smoke, the most important risk factor for COPD. Only 15%-20% of smokers develop COPD, suggesting that unknown factors contribute to disease pathogenesis. We postulate that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a receptor/transcription factor highly expressed in the lungs, may be a new susceptibility factor whose expression protects against COPD. Here, we report that Ahr-deficient mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke develop airspace enlargement concomitant with a decline in lung function. Chronic cigarette smoke exposure also increased cleaved caspase-3, lowered SOD2 expression, and altered MMP9 and TIMP-1 levels in Ahr-deficient mice. We also show that people with COPD have reduced expression of pulmonary and systemic AHR, with systemic AHR mRNA levels positively correlating with lung function. Systemic AHR was also lower in never-smokers with COPD. Thus, AHR expression protects against the development of COPD by controlling interrelated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. This study identifies the AHR as a new, central player in the homeostatic maintenance of lung health, providing a foundation for the AHR as a novel therapeutic target and/or predictive biomarker in chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necola Guerrina
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Jun Ding
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pei Z Li
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Leora Simon
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Swati Pareek
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wan C Tan
- The University of British Columbia (UBC) James Hogg Research Centre, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University & St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Qutayba Hamid
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,University of Sharjah College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Benjamin M Smith
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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7
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Zhang C, Hu S, Zosky GR, Wei X, Shu S, Wang D, Chai X. Paracoxib Alleviates Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury Through Functional Modulation of Lung-Recruited CD11bloLy6Chi Monocytes. Shock 2021; 55:236-243. [PMID: 32590697 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes had been shown to be involved in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Our present study aimed to investigate whether the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition modulates the function of lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes in a mouse model of VILI. METHODS Mice were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 ng) intraperitoneally prior to injurious mechanical ventilation (Vt = 30 mL/kg, PEEP = 0 cmH2O). A subgroup of mice was treated with intravenous parecoxib (30 mg/kg), a COX-2 inhibitor, 1 h prior to ventilation. Control mice received saline and were not ventilated. At the end of the experiment, blood gas analysis was performed and lung tissue was collected for histological assessment. Flow cytometry was employed to quantify the different populations of lung monocytes/macrophages and their function. Isolated Ly6Chi cells were used to measure the intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) by fluorescent probes, and cytokine production by cytometric bead array. RESULTS Exposure to LPS and injurious ventilation was associated with severe lung histological damage, oxygenation impairment, and pulmonary edema; all of which were largely attenuated following the treatment of parecoxib. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed that parecoxib caused a reduction in the number of the lung-recruited CD11bloLy6Chi monocytes while there was no effect on tissue-resident CD64+ alveolar macrophages. In addition, the production of oxidative stress products (ROS, NO), MHC-II expression, and inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS and VILI in CD11bloLy6Chi monocytes was ameliorated by parecoxib. CONCLUSION Parecoxib-induced alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammation in lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes may partly explain the beneficial action of COX-2 inhibition in VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Graeme R Zosky
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuhua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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8
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Mao J, Li Y, Feng S, Liu X, Tian Y, Bian Q, Li J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Ji H, Li S. Bufei Jianpi Formula Improves Mitochondrial Function and Suppresses Mitophagy in Skeletal Muscle via the Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:587176. [PMID: 33390958 PMCID: PMC7773703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.587176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction, a striking systemic comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is associated with declines in activities of daily living, reductions in health status and prognosis, and increases in mortality. Bufei Jianpi formula (BJF), a traditional Chinese herbal formulation, has been shown to improve skeletal muscle tension and tolerance via inhibition of cellular apoptosis in COPD rat models. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which BJF regulates the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway to improve mitochondrial function and to suppress mitophagy in skeletal muscle cells. Our study showed that BJF repaired lung function and ameliorated pathological impairment in rat lung and skeletal muscle tissues. BJF also improved mitochondrial function and reduced mitophagy via the AMPK signaling pathway in rat skeletal muscle tissue. In vitro, BJF significantly improved cigarette smoke extract-induced mitochondrial functional impairment in L6 skeletal muscle cells through effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial permeability transition pores, adenosine triphosphate production, and mitochondrial respiration. In addition, BJF led to upregulated expression of mitochondrial biogenesis markers, including AMPK-α, PGC-1α, and TFAM and downregulation of mitophagy markers, including LC3B, ULK1, PINK1, and Parkin, with increased expression of downstream markers of the AMPK pathway, including mTOR, PPARγ, and SIRT1. In conclusion, BJF significantly improved skeletal muscle and mitochondrial function in COPD rats and L6 cells by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and suppressing mitophagy via the AMPK pathway. This study suggests that BJF may have therapeutic potential for prophylaxis and treatment of skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute for Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suxiang Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Bian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute for Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junzi Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lanxi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huige Ji
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suyun Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute for Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Disease by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Mechanism of Action of Bu-Fei-Yi-Shen Formula in Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Docking Validation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9105972. [PMID: 33313323 PMCID: PMC7718855 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the mechanism of action of Bu-Fei-Yi-Shen formula (BFYSF) in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking validation. Methods First of all, the pharmacologically active ingredients and corresponding targets in BFYSF were mined by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, the analysis platform, and literature review. Subsequently, the COPD-related targets (including the pathogenic targets and known therapeutic targets) were identified through the TTD, CTD, DisGeNet, and GeneCards databases. Thereafter, Cytoscape was employed to construct the candidate component-target network of BFYSF in the treatment of COPD. Moreover, the cytoHubba plug-in was utilized to calculate the topological parameters of nodes in the network; then, the core components and core targets of BFYSF in the treatment of COPD were extracted according to the degree value (greater than or equal to the median degree values for all nodes in the network) to construct the core network. Further, the Autodock vina software was adopted for molecular docking study on the core active ingredients and core targets, so as to verify the above-mentioned network pharmacology analysis results. Finally, the Omicshare database was applied in enrichment analysis of the biological functions of core targets and the involved signaling pathways. Results In the core component-target network of BFYSF in treating COPD, there were 30 active ingredients and 37 core targets. Enrichment analysis suggested that these 37 core targets were mainly involved in the regulation of biological functions, such as response to biological and chemical stimuli, multiple cellular life processes, immunity, and metabolism. Besides, multiple pathways, including IL-17, Toll-like receptor (TLR), TNF, and HIF-1, played certain roles in the effect of BFYSF on treating COPD. Conclusion BFYSF can treat COPD through the multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway synergistic network, which provides basic data for intensively exploring the mechanism of action of BFYSF in treating COPD.
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10
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Aloufi N, Traboulsi H, Ding J, Fonseca GJ, Nair P, Huang SK, Hussain SNA, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in COPD and IPF fibroblasts: the forgotten cell in COVID-19. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L152-L157. [PMID: 33112187 PMCID: PMC7869954 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00455.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to death in susceptible individuals. For those who recover, post-COVID-19 complications may include development of pulmonary fibrosis. Factors contributing to disease severity or development of complications are not known. Using computational analysis with experimental data, we report that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)- and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-derived lung fibroblasts express higher levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry and part of the renin-angiotensin system that is antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory. In preclinical models, we found that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, a risk factor for both COPD and IPF and potentially for SARS-CoV-2 infection, significantly increased pulmonary ACE2 protein expression. Further studies are needed to understand the functional implications of ACE2 on lung fibroblasts, a cell type that thus far has received relatively little attention in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noof Aloufi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jun Ding
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory J Fonseca
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven K Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sabah N A Hussain
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Tan BWQ, Sim WL, Cheong JK, Kuan WS, Tran T, Lim HF. MicroRNAs in chronic airway diseases: Clinical correlation and translational applications. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105045. [PMID: 32590100 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-stranded RNAs that have pivotal roles in disease pathophysiology through transcriptional and translational modulation of important genes. It has been implicated in the development of many diseases, such as stroke, cardiovascular conditions, cancers and inflammatory airway diseases. There is recent evidence that miRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and could help to distinguish between T2-low (non-eosinophilic, steroid-insensitive) versus T2-high (eosinophilic, steroid-sensitive) disease endotypes. As these are the two most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases globally, with rising disease burden, miRNA research might lead to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Research involving miRNAs in airway disease is challenging because: (i) asthma and COPD are heterogeneous inflammatory airway diseases; there are overlapping but distinct inter- and intra-disease differences in the immunological pathophysiology, (ii) there exists more than 2000 known miRNAs and a single miRNA can regulate multiple targets, (iii) differential effects of miRNAs could be present in different cellular subtypes and tissues, and (iv) dysregulated miRNA expression might be a direct consequence of an indirect effect of airway disease onset or progression. As miRNAs are actively secreted in fluids and remain relatively stable, they have the potential for biomarker development and therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the preclinical data on potential miRNA biomarkers that mediate different pathophysiological mechanisms in airway disease. We discuss the framework for biomarker development using miRNA and highlight the need for careful patient characterization and endotyping in the screening and validation cohorts, profiling both airway and blood samples to determine the biological fluids of choice in different disease states or severity, and adopting an untargeted approach. Collaboration between the various stakeholders - pharmaceutical companies, laboratory professionals and clinician-scientists is crucial to reduce the difficulties and cost required to bring miRNA research into the translational stage for airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce W Q Tan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Liang Sim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jit Kong Cheong
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Win Sen Kuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Thai Tran
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Fang Lim
- Division of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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12
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Pareek S, Traboulsi H, Allard B, Rico de Souza A, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Pulmonary neutrophilia caused by absence of the NF-κB member RelB is dampened by exposure to cigarette smoke. Mol Immunol 2019; 114:395-409. [PMID: 31476634 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a response to injury and infection. Although protective under physiological conditions, excessive and persistent inflammation is linked to numerous diseases. As the lungs are continuously exposed to the external environment, the respiratory system is particularly liable to damage from inflammation. RelB is a member of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway that may control lung inflammation caused by cigarette smoke (CS), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Our lab has previously shown that RelB protects against CS-induced inflammation in vitro, leading us to hypothesize that RelB would protect against acute CS-induced pulmonary inflammation in vivo. We exposed wild-type (Relb+/+) and RelB-deficient mice (Relb-/-) mice to room air or to CS and found that CS exposure caused a sustained decrease in pulmonary granulocytes in Relb-/- mice that was predominated by a decrease in neutrophils. Pulmonary inflammation caused by other irritants, including chlorine, ovalbumin (OVA; to mimic features of asthma) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was not controlled by RelB. Differential cytokine analysis suggests that alterations in chemotactic cytokines do not fully account for the CS-specific decrease in neutrophils in Relb-/- mice. Flow cytometric analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage and bone marrow cells also reveal that it is unlikely that the sustained decrease is caused by excessive cell death or decreased hematopoiesis from the bone marrow. Overall, our results indicate that RelB regulates acute CS-induced pulmonary inflammation. Understanding how RelB regulates CS-induced inflammation may potentiate the discovery of new therapeutic strategies for many of the inflammatory diseases caused by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Pareek
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Departments of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benoit Allard
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angela Rico de Souza
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Departments of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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13
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Guerrina N, Traboulsi H, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and the Maintenance of Lung Health. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3882. [PMID: 30563036 PMCID: PMC6320801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Much of what is known about the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) centers on its ability to mediate the deleterious effects of the environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; dioxin). However, the AhR is both ubiquitously-expressed and evolutionarily-conserved, suggesting that it evolved for purposes beyond strictly mediating responses to man-made environmental toxicants. There is growing evidence that the AhR is required for the maintenance of health, as it is implicated in physiological processes such as xenobiotic metabolism, organ development and immunity. Dysregulation of AhR expression and activity is also associated with a variety of disease states, particularly those at barrier organs such as the skin, gut and lungs. The lungs are particularly vulnerable to inhaled toxicants such as cigarette smoke. However, the role of the AhR in diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-a respiratory illness caused predominately by cigarette smoking-and lung cancer remains largely unexplored. This review will discuss the growing body of literature that provides evidence that the AhR protects the lungs against the damaging effects of cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necola Guerrina
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - David H Eidelman
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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14
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Regional heterogeneity in response of airway epithelial cells to cigarette smoke. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:148. [PMID: 30180847 PMCID: PMC6122713 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure causes an abnormal inflammatory response, which can result in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Previous studies show that this disorder predominantly occurs in peripheral or small-airway areas, whereas the same condition has not been identified in the larger airways during the course of COPD. However, the different biochemical and genetic alterations occurring in response to CS exposure among airway epithelial cells from different sites in the lungs have not been fully investigated. Methods Human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEs) were exposed to CS extract (CSE), and microarray analysis was used to determine gene- and protein-expression profiles and identify alterations following CSE exposure in both cell types. An in vivo smoking experiment was also performed to confirm differential responses to CS between sites in the lung. Results Microarray analysis of SAECs and NHBEs following 24 h of CSE exposure showed that inflammatory related pathways and terms, including the tumor necrosis factor-signaling pathway, were overrepresented, especially in SAECs. Clustering analysis highlighted prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 [also known as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2] as a gene specifically upregulated in SAECs, with COX-2 mRNA and protein expression significantly elevated by CSE exposure in SAECs (3.1- and 3.1-fold, respectively), but not in NHBEs. Furthermore, time-course analysis of COX-2 expression revealed earlier increases in SAECs compared with NHBEs following CS exposure. Short-term exposure of mouse lungs to CS was found to predominantly induce COX-2 expression in the small airway. Conclusions The small airway is more susceptible to CSE than the large airway and could be the initial site of development of CS-related respiratory diseases, such as COPD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12890-018-0715-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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15
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Zhou L, Liu Y, Chen X, Wang S, Liu H, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Han X, Zhao Y, Song X, Ye L. Over-expression of nuclear factor-κB family genes and inflammatory molecules is related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:2131-2138. [PMID: 30034228 PMCID: PMC6047606 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s164151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling plays essential roles in inflammatory responses. However, whether the expression levels of NF-κB family genes affect inflammatory responses is unclear. Moreover, little is known regarding the association between NF-κB family genes expression and the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study was undertaken to assess the relationship between the expression levels of NF-κB family genes mRNA and of inflammatory markers relevant to COPD pathogenesis. Methods A total of 186 unrelated patients with acute exacerbations of COPD and 180 healthy controls were recruited. Total RNA was extracted from the peripheral fasting blood of each subject using trizol reagent. The mRNA levels of NF-κB family genes (NF-κB1, NF-κB2 and c-REL) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The serum levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results The relative mRNA levels of the NF-κB family genes and the levels of inflammatory molecules were significantly higher in the COPD group than in the control group after adjustment for smoking. The IL-1β, IL-8 and COX-2 levels were significantly lower in the NF-κB2 under-expression subgroup as compared to the NF-κB2 over-expression subgroup. The COX-2 level was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the c-REL under-expression subgroup as compared to the c-REL over-expression subgroup. Conclusion NF-κB2 over-expression was associated with IL-1β, IL-8 and COX-2 levels, whereas c-REL overexpression was associated with COX-2 level. Over-expression of both NF-κB2 and c-REL was found to be related to COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Tianrong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Yuezhu Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Yaming Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Xinyue Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China,
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16
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Low levels of the AhR in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-derived lung cells increases COX-2 protein by altering mRNA stability. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180881. [PMID: 28749959 PMCID: PMC5531650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heightened inflammation, including expression of COX-2, is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is reduced in COPD-derived lung fibroblasts. The AhR also suppresses COX-2 in response to cigarette smoke, the main risk factor for COPD, by destabilizing the Cox-2 transcript by mechanisms that may involve the regulation of microRNA (miRNA). Whether reduced AhR expression is responsible for heightened COX-2 in COPD is not known. Here, we investigated the expression of COX-2 as well as the expression of miR-146a, a miRNA known to regulate COX-2 levels, in primary lung fibroblasts derived from non-smokers (Normal) and smokers (At Risk) with and without COPD. To confirm the involvement of the AhR, AhR knock-down via siRNA in Normal lung fibroblasts and MLE-12 cells was employed as were A549-AhRko cells. Basal expression of COX-2 protein was higher in COPD lung fibroblasts compared to Normal or Smoker fibroblasts but there was no difference in Cox-2 mRNA. Knockdown of AhR in lung structural cells increased COX-2 protein by stabilizing the Cox-2 transcript. There was less induction of miR-146a in COPD-derived lung fibroblasts but this was not due to the AhR. Instead, we found that RelB, an NF-κB protein, was required for transcriptional induction of both Cox-2 and miR-146a. Therefore, we conclude that the AhR controls COX-2 protein via mRNA stability by a mechanism independent of miR-146a. Low levels of the AhR may therefore contribute to the heightened inflammation common in COPD patients.
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17
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Iu M, Zago M, Rico de Souza A, Bouttier M, Pareek S, White JH, Hamid Q, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. RelB attenuates cigarette smoke extract-induced apoptosis in association with transcriptional regulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:19-31. [PMID: 28254546 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and prevalent respiratory disease caused primarily by long term inhalation of cigarette smoke. A major hallmark of COPD is elevated apoptosis of structural lung cells including fibroblasts. The NF-κB member RelB may suppress apoptosis in response to cigarette smoke, but its role in lung cell survival is not known. RelB may act as a pro-survival factor by controlling the expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). SOD2 is also regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor that suppresses cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis. As the AhR is also a binding partner for RelB, we speculate that RelB suppresses cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis by regulating the AhR. Using an in vitro model of cigarette smoke exposure (cigarette smoke extract [CSE]), we found that CSE down-regulated RelB expression in mouse lung fibroblasts, which was associated with elevated levels of cleaved PARP. Genetic ablation of RelB elevated CSE-induced apoptosis, including chromatin condensation, and reduced mitochondrial function. There was also more reactive oxygen species production in RelB-/- cells exposed to CSE. While there was no alteration in Nrf2 expression or localization between RelB-/- and wild type cells in response to CSE, RelB-/- cells displayed significantly decreased AhR mRNA and protein expression, concomitant with loss of AhR target gene expression (Cyp1a1, Cyp1b1, Nqo1). Finally, we found that RelB binds to the Ahr gene at 3 sites to potentially increase its expression via transcriptional induction. These data support that RelB suppresses cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis, potentially by increasing the AhR. Together, these two proteins may comprise an important cell survival signaling pathway that reduces apoptosis upon cigarette smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Iu
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michela Zago
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI MUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angela Rico de Souza
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI MUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Manuella Bouttier
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Swati Pareek
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John H White
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI MUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI MUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI MUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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18
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Osei ET, Florez-Sampedro L, Tasena H, Faiz A, Noordhoek JA, Timens W, Postma DS, Hackett TL, Heijink IH, Brandsma CA. miR-146a-5p plays an essential role in the aberrant epithelial-fibroblast cross-talk in COPD. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:49/5/1602538. [PMID: 28546273 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02538-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that epithelial-derived interleukin (IL)-1α drives fibroblast-derived inflammation in the lung epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit. Since miR-146a-5p has been shown to negatively regulate IL-1 signalling, we investigated the role of miR-146a-5p in the regulation of IL-1α-driven inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Human bronchial epithelial (16HBE14o-) cells were co-cultured with control and COPD-derived primary human lung fibroblasts (PHLFs), and miR-146a-5p expression was assessed with and without IL-1α neutralising antibody. Genomic DNA was assessed for the presence of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2910164. miR-146a-5p mimics were used for overexpression studies to assess IL-1α-induced signalling and IL-8 production by PHLFs.Co-culture of PHLFs with airway epithelial cells significantly increased the expression of miR-146a-5p and this induction was dependent on epithelial-derived IL-1α. miR-146a-5p overexpression decreased IL-1α-induced IL-8 secretion in PHLFs via downregulation of IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-1. In COPD PHLFs, the induction of miR-146a-5p was significantly less compared with controls and was associated with the SNP rs2910164 (GG allele) in the miR-146a-5p gene.Our results suggest that induction of miR-146a-5p is involved in epithelial-fibroblast communication in the lungs and negatively regulates epithelial-derived IL-1α induction of IL-8 by fibroblasts. The decreased levels of miR-146a-5p in COPD fibroblasts may induce a more pro-inflammatory phenotype, contributing to chronic inflammation in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel T Osei
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands .,GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Laura Florez-Sampedro
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dept of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hataitip Tasena
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alen Faiz
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobien A Noordhoek
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dept of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dept of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tillie L Hackett
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dept of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,These two authors contributed equally to this work
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19
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Periplaneta americana Extracts Promote Skin Wound Healing via Nuclear Factor Kappa B Canonical Pathway and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5821706. [PMID: 28620419 PMCID: PMC5460390 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5821706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Periplaneta americana extracts (PAEs) exhibit wound healing properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we treated human skin fibroblasts (HSF) with PAE and the proliferation was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The wound healing and transwell migration assays were used to detect cell migration. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways were analyzed by Western blot (WB). Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the key molecular localization in the cells. The results showed that PAE enhanced the proliferation and migration of HSF cells. The expression and activation of key proteins such as RelA and p-ERK were increased in NF-κB and ERK pathways followed by nuclear translocation. In vivo, both WB and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining showed that PAE enhanced p-IκBα and p-ERK activation and the nuclear translocation of RelA. Our study suggests that the protective function of PAE is mediated via enhanced NF-κB and ERK signaling.
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20
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Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020243. [PMID: 28125025 PMCID: PMC5343780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution of anthropogenic origin is largely from the combustion of biomass (e.g., wood), fossil fuels (e.g., cars and trucks), incinerators, landfills, agricultural activities and tobacco smoke. Air pollution is a complex mixture that varies in space and time, and contains hundreds of compounds including volatile organic compounds (e.g., benzene), metals, sulphur and nitrogen oxides, ozone and particulate matter (PM). PM0.1 (ultrafine particles (UFP)), those particles with a diameter less than 100 nm (includes nanoparticles (NP)) are considered especially dangerous to human health and may contribute significantly to the development of numerous respiratory and cardiovascular diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerosis. Some of the pathogenic mechanisms through which PM0.1 may contribute to chronic disease is their ability to induce inflammation, oxidative stress and cell death by molecular mechanisms that include transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Epigenetic mechanisms including non-coding RNA (ncRNA) may also contribute towards the development of chronic disease associated with exposure to PM0.1. This paper highlights emerging molecular concepts associated with inhalational exposure to PM0.1 and their ability to contribute to chronic respiratory and systemic disease.
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Rogers S, de Souza AR, Zago M, Iu M, Guerrina N, Gomez A, Matthews J, Baglole CJ. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent regulation of pulmonary miRNA by chronic cigarette smoke exposure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40539. [PMID: 28079158 PMCID: PMC5227990 DOI: 10.1038/srep40539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor historically known for its toxic responses to man-made pollutants such as dioxin. More recently, the AhR has emerged as a suppressor of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis from cigarette smoke by mechanisms that may involve the regulation of microRNA. However, little is known about the AhR regulation of miRNA expression in the lung in response to inhaled toxicants. Therefore, we exposed Ahr−/− and Ahr+/− mice to cigarette smoke for 4 weeks and evaluated lung miRNA expression by PCR array. There was a dramatic regulation of lung miRNA by the AhR in the absence of exogenous ligand. In response to cigarette smoke, there were more up-regulated miRNA in Ahr−/− mice compared to Ahr+/− mice, including the cancer-associated miRNA miR-96. There was no significant change in the expression of the AhR regulated proteins HuR and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). There were significant increases in the anti-oxidant gene sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1) and FOXO3a- predicted targets of miR-96. Collectively, these data support a prominent role for the AhR in regulating lung miRNA expression. Further studies to elucidate a role for these miRNA may further uncover novel biological function for the AhR in respiratory health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rogers
- Departments of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angela Rico de Souza
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michela Zago
- Departments of Pharmacology &Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthew Iu
- Departments of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Necola Guerrina
- Departments of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alvin Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Departments of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pharmacology &Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Departments of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Soares do Amaral N, Cruz E Melo N, de Melo Maia B, Malagoli Rocha R. Noncoding RNA Profiles in Tobacco- and Alcohol-Associated Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2016; 8:genes8010006. [PMID: 28025544 PMCID: PMC5295001 DOI: 10.3390/genes8010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco and alcohol are the leading environmental risk factors in the development of human diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and liver injury. Despite the copious amount of research on this topic, by 2030, 8.3 million deaths are projected to occur worldwide due to tobacco use. The expression of noncoding RNAs, primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), is modulated by tobacco and alcohol consumption. Drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes can modulate the expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs through various signaling pathways, such as apoptosis, angiogenesis, and inflammatory pathways—primarily interleukin 6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which seems to play a major role in the development of diseases associated with these risk factors. Since they may be predictive and prognostic biomarkers, they can be used both as predictors of the response to therapy and as a targeted therapy. Further, circulating miRNAs might be valuable noninvasive tools that can be used to examine diseases that are related to the use of tobacco and alcohol. This review discusses the function of noncoding RNAs in cancer and other human tobacco- and alcohol-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Cruz E Melo
- Molecular Gynecology Laboratory, Gynecologic Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz de Melo Maia
- Molecular Morphology Laboratory, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Malagoli Rocha
- Molecular Gynecology Laboratory, Gynecologic Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Qin H, Zhou J, Zhou P, Xu J, Tang Z, Ma H, Guo F. Prognostic significance of RelB overexpression in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Thorac Cancer 2016; 7:415-21. [PMID: 27385983 PMCID: PMC4930960 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a major public health issue in most countries, including China. The expression of RelB is associated with poor prognosis in diverse cancers. However, whether RelB expression could be an indicator of poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear. METHODS The expression of RelB in NSCLC tumor tissue and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. Chi-square or two-tailed Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze possible associations between qualitative clinicopathological variables and RelB expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox regression model were employed to determine independent prognostic factors. RESULTS The expression of RelB was increased in tumor tissue compared with adjacent non-neoplastic tissue in NSCLC patients. High RelB expression was significantly correlated with degree of differentiation (P = 0.023), depth of tumor invasion (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.017), distant metastases (P = 0.004), and tumor node metastasis stage (P < 0.001) in patients with NSCLC. NSCLC patients with high RelB expression had significantly shorter overall survival than those with low RelB expression (P < 0.001). Our results indicate that high RelB expression is an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High RelB expression could provide a basis for judgment of prognosis in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China; Central Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Central Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Central Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Central Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Zaixiang Tang
- Department of Biostatistics Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Feng Guo
- Central Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
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Labonté LE, Bourbeau J, Daskalopoulou SS, Zhang M, Coulombe P, Garland K, Baglole CJ. Club Cell-16 and RelB as Novel Determinants of Arterial Stiffness in Exacerbating COPD Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149974. [PMID: 26914709 PMCID: PMC4767820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are acute events of worsened respiratory symptoms that may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality amongst COPD patients. The utility of lung-specific inflammatory mediators such as club cell protein-16 (CC-16) and surfactant protein D (SPD) and that of a novel marker of CV outcomes in COPD- RelB- in predicting adverse cardiovascular events during exacerbation is not known. Methods Thirty-eight subjects with COPD admitted to the hospital for severe exacerbation were included in this analysis. Clinical, physiological and arterial stiffness measurements were performed within 72 hours of admission; this was followed by measurements taken every 3 days until hospital discharge, then once a week until 30 days after discharge, and then again at 90 and 180 days. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory mediators were measured from peripheral venous blood taken at admission, and at days 15, 30, 90 and 180. Results CC-16 and RelB concentrations were increased at day 15 of exacerbations whereas SPD concentrations were decreased. The course of change in CC-16 and RelB levels over time was inversely associated with that of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, the gold-standard measure of arterial stiffness. Increases in CC-16 could predict a decreased number of subsequent exacerbations during follow-up. Conclusions Lung-specific (CC-16) and novel (RelB) biomarkers are associated with systemic cardiovascular changes over time. CC-16 can predict subsequent exacerbations in subjects with severe COPD and may be an important biomarker of pulmonary and systemic stress in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Labonté
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Michele Zhang
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Coulombe
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Katie Garland
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Carolyn J. Baglole
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Pirzad Jahromi G, Ghanei M, Hosseini SK, Shamsaei A, Gholipourmalekabadi M, Koochaki A, Karkuki Osguei N, Samadikuchaksaraei A. Characterization of Lung Fibroblasts More than Two Decades after Mustard Gas Exposure. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145148. [PMID: 26679937 PMCID: PMC4683060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In patients with short-term exposure to the sulfur mustard gas, the delayed cellular effects on lungs have not been well understood yet. The lung pathology shows a dominant feature consistent with obliterative bronchiolitis, in which fibroblasts play a central role. This study aims to characterize alterations to lung fibroblasts, at the cellular level, in patients with delayed respiratory complications after short-term exposure to the sulfur mustard gas. Methods Fibroblasts were isolated from the transbronchial biopsies of patients with documented history of exposure to single high-dose sulfur mustard during 1985–7 and compared with the fibroblasts of control subjects. Results Compared with controls, patients’ fibroblasts were thinner and shorter, and showed a higher population doubling level, migration capacity and number of filopodia. Sulfur mustard decreased the in vitro viability of fibroblasts and increased their sensitivity to induction of apoptosis, but did not change the rate of spontaneous apoptosis. In addition, higher expression of alpha smooth muscle actin showed that the lung's microenvironment in these patients is permissive for myofibroblastic differentiation. Conclusions These findings suggest that in patients under the study, the delayed pulmonary complications of sulfur mustard should be considered as a unique pathology, which might need a specific management by manipulation of cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gila Pirzad Jahromi
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injury Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Hosseini
- Tissue Bank & Preparation Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shamsaei
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
- Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Samadikuchaksaraei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
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