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Wang W, Liu Y, Xu Q, Liu L, Zhu M, Li Y, Cui J, Chen K, Liu Y. Cellular crosstalk in organotypic vasculature: mechanisms of diabetic cardiorenal complications and SGLT2i responses. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2025; 24:90. [PMID: 40012066 PMCID: PMC11866599 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-025-02655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2025] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic panvascular disease (DPD) is the leading clinical complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by atherosclerosis across multiple organ vessels. It is a major cause of high disability and mortality rates in DM. However, the pathological mechanisms and key mediators of DPD remain unclear. METHODS This study constructed a single-cell organotypic atlas of the vasculature containing 321,358 cells by integrating 14 single-cell datasets from 8 major mouse organs and tissues. A total of 63 cell types were identified, including 9 vascular cell subtypes, whereas the cell-to-cell interaction (CCI) patterns of the organotypic vasculature were systematically analyzed. RESULTS Endothelial cells (ECs) were identified as the major cell type involved in CCI within the vasculature, with their ligands interacting with receptors of various cell types, which contribute to multiple biological processes such as stem cell differentiation and immune regulation. Notably, the study examined the cellular communication characteristics of different EC subtypes. Additionally, the inter-organ communication between the heart and kidney-key tissues in DPD-was analyzed. The BMP signaling pathway emerged as a critical communication pathway leading to cardiorenal complications in DM, with SGLT2i having a regulatory role in BMP6 modulation. CONCLUSIONS The study provides, for the first time, a single-cell analysis of the CCI patterns of the organotypic vasculature and highlights the central role of ECs. Moreover, the key role of BMP6 in diabetic cardiorenal complications is elucidated. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms underlying DPD co-morbidities and provide a novel scientific basis for clinical prevention, treatment strategies for DPD, and the understanding of the action mechanism of SGLT2i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- The Second Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease and Syndrome Integration Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Aging, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Longkun Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jing Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Keji Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
- The Second Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Key Laboratory of Disease and Syndrome Integration Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Aging, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Hiepen C, Benamar M, Barrasa-Fano J, Condor M, Ilhan M, Münch J, Hastar N, Kerkhoff Y, Harms GS, Mielke T, Koenig B, Block S, Rocks O, Abdelilah-Seyfried S, Van Oosterwyck H, Knaus P. Endothelial tip-cell position, filopodia formation and biomechanics require BMPR2 expression and signaling. Commun Biol 2025; 8:21. [PMID: 39779836 PMCID: PMC11711618 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Blood vessel formation relies on biochemical and mechanical signals, particularly during sprouting angiogenesis when endothelial tip cells (TCs) guide sprouting through filopodia formation. The contribution of BMP receptors in defining tip-cell characteristics is poorly understood. Our study combines genetic, biochemical, and molecular methods together with 3D traction force microscopy, which reveals an essential role of BMPR2 for actin-driven filopodia formation and mechanical properties of endothelial cells (ECs). Targeting of Bmpr2 reduced sprouting angiogenesis in zebrafish and BMPR2-deficient human ECs formed fewer filopodia, affecting cell migration and actomyosin localization. Spheroid assays revealed a reduced sprouting of BMPR2-deficient ECs in fibrin gels. Even more strikingly, in mosaic spheroids, BMPR2-deficient ECs failed to acquire tip-cell positions. Yet, 3D traction force microscopy revealed that these distinct cell behaviors of BMPR2-deficient tip cells cannot be explained by differences in force-induced matrix deformations, even though these cells adopted distinct cone-shaped morphologies. Notably, BMPR2 positively regulates local CDC42 activity at the plasma membrane to promote filopodia formation. Our findings reveal that BMPR2 functions as a nexus integrating biochemical and biomechanical processes crucial for TCs during angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hiepen
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, August-Schmidt-Ring 10, 45665, Recklinghausen, Germany.
| | - Mounir Benamar
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge Barrasa-Fano
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300 C, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mar Condor
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300 C, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mustafa Ilhan
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Münch
- Universität Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Nurcan Hastar
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yannic Kerkhoff
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gregory S Harms
- Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Cell Biology Unit, Imaging Core Facility and the Research Center for Immune Intervention, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Microscopy & Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Koenig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Block
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Rocks
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Systemic Cell Dynamics, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Universität Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Hans Van Oosterwyck
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics section, Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300 C, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Prometheus Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Petra Knaus
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Khan H, Zamzam A, Shaikh F, Saposnik G, Mamdani M, Qadura M. Predicting Major Adverse Carotid Cerebrovascular Events in Patients with Carotid Stenosis: Integrating a Panel of Plasma Protein Biomarkers and Clinical Features-A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3382. [PMID: 38929911 PMCID: PMC11203750 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Carotid stenosis (CS) is an atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery that can lead to devastating cardiovascular outcomes such as stroke, disability, and death. The currently available treatment for CS is medical management through risk reduction, including control of hypertension, diabetes, and/or hypercholesterolemia. Surgical interventions are currently suggested for patients with symptomatic disease with stenosis >50%, where patients have suffered from a carotid-related event such as a cerebrovascular accident, or asymptomatic disease with stenosis >60% if the long-term risk of death is <3%. There is a lack of current plasma protein biomarkers available to predict patients at risk of such adverse events. Methods: In this study, we investigated several growth factors and biomarkers of inflammation as potential biomarkers for adverse CS events such as stroke, need for surgical intervention, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular-related death. In this pilot study, we use a support vector machine (SVM), random forest models, and the following four significantly elevated biomarkers: C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 6 (CXCL6); Interleukin-2 (IL-2); Galectin-9; and angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL4). Results: Our SVM model best predicted carotid cerebrovascular events with an area under the curve (AUC) of >0.8 and an accuracy of 0.88, demonstrating strong prognostic capability. Conclusions: Our SVM model may be used for risk stratification of patients with CS to determine those who may benefit from surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Khan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (H.K.); (A.Z.); (F.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Abdelrahman Zamzam
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (H.K.); (A.Z.); (F.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Farah Shaikh
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (H.K.); (A.Z.); (F.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Gustavo Saposnik
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital—Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (G.S.); (M.M.)
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Muhammad Mamdani
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital—Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (G.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (H.K.); (A.Z.); (F.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital—Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (G.S.); (M.M.)
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Chisavu L, Ivan VM, Mihaescu A, Chisavu F, Schiller O, Marc L, Bob F, Schiller A. Novel Biomarkers in Evaluating Cardiac Function in Patients on Hemodialysis-A Pilot Prospective Observational Cohort Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:664. [PMID: 38535084 PMCID: PMC10969652 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14060664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease patients treated by hemodialysis present a high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is an imperative need for novel biomarkers for identifying these patients and to offer possible therapeutically interventions. We performed a prospective observational cohort study on 77 patients in the period of October 2021-October 2023. We measured serum plasma levels of interleukin 1-beta, galectin 3, human suppression of tumorigenicity factor 2, bone morphogenetic protein 2 and fibroblastic growth factor 23 at the inclusion site. We evaluated the correlations of these biomarkers with cardiac function and structure evaluated by echocardiography. The mean age was 61.02 (±11.81) years, with 45 (56.2%) males and with a dialysis vintage of 4.95 (2.4-7.8) years. Median ejection fraction was 51 (43-54%), and more than two-thirds of the patients presented valvular calcifications. Overall mortality was 22%. Interleukin 1-beta was correlated positively with ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain and negatively with left atrium diameter and left ventricle telesystolic diameter. Galectin 3 values were negatively correlated with aortic valve fibrosis and mitral valve calcifications, and human suppression tumorigenicity factor 2 was negatively correlated with mitral valve calcifications. Some of these novel biomarkers could be used to better assess cardiovascular disease in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazar Chisavu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine ‘Victor Babes’, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.C.); (V.M.I.); (F.C.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II–Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Viviana Mihaela Ivan
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine ‘Victor Babes’, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.C.); (V.M.I.); (F.C.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II–Division of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Mihaescu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine ‘Victor Babes’, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.C.); (V.M.I.); (F.C.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II–Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Flavia Chisavu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine ‘Victor Babes’, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.C.); (V.M.I.); (F.C.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Louis Turcanu’ Emergency County Hospital for Children, 300011 Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Luciana Marc
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine ‘Victor Babes’, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.C.); (V.M.I.); (F.C.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II–Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Flaviu Bob
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine ‘Victor Babes’, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.C.); (V.M.I.); (F.C.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II–Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adalbert Schiller
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine ‘Victor Babes’, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.C.); (V.M.I.); (F.C.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II–Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Lee JS, Seo J, Kim S, Rahman MM, Shin HJ. Entelon150 ® ( Vitis vinifera Seed Extract) Attenuates Degenerative Changes in Intravascular Valve Prostheses in Rabbits. Korean Circ J 2024; 54:43-56. [PMID: 37973973 PMCID: PMC10784610 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2023.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The therapeutic strategy for inflammation and degenerative calcification is of utmost importance for bioprosthetic heart valve (BHV) implanted patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification effects of Entelon150® (grape seed extract), losartan, and rosuvastatin, in a rabbit model of intravascular BHV leaflet implantation in bovine pericardium. METHODS A total of 28 rabbits were implanted with BHV leaflet in the external jugular veins. The Entelon150® group was administered 7.7 mg/kg Entelon150® twice daily for 6 weeks after surgery. The losartan and rosuvastatin groups received 5.14 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, respectively, once per day. The control group received 1 ml of saline once daily. And then, calcium concentration was measured in the implanted BHV, and histological and molecular analyses were performed on the surrounding tissues. RESULTS The calcium content of the implanted tissue in the Entelon150® group (0.013±0.004 mg/g) was lower than that in the control group (0.066±0.039 mg/g) (p=0.008). The losartan (0.024±0.016 mg/g, p=0.032) and rosuvastatin (0.022±0.011 mg/g, p=0.032) groups had lower calcium content than the control group, and higher tendency than the Entelon150® group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expressions of bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), S-100, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor in the Entelon150® group showed lower tendency than those in the control group. The protein expression levels of BMP2 were reduced in the Entelon150® group compared with those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Entelon150® exhibited a significant effect, similar to other drugs, in reducing calcification and inflammation in the intravascular bovine pericardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Seong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JungHyeok Seo
- Department of Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Sokho Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hong Ju Shin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Myoungju Hospital, Yongin, Korea.
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Sheng N, Xing F, Wang J, Zhang QY, Nie R, Li-Ling J, Duan X, Xie HQ. Recent progress in bone-repair strategies in diabetic conditions. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100835. [PMID: 37928253 PMCID: PMC10623372 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration following trauma, tumor resection, infection, or congenital disease is challenging. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It can result in complications affecting multiple systems including the musculoskeletal system. The increased number of diabetes-related fractures poses a great challenge to clinical specialties, particularly orthopedics and dentistry. Various pathological factors underlying DM may directly impair the process of bone regeneration, leading to delayed or even non-union of fractures. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which DM hampers bone regeneration, including immune abnormalities, inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, vascular system damage, insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) deficiency, hyperglycemia, and the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Based on published data, it also summarizes bone repair strategies in diabetic conditions, which include immune regulation, inhibition of inflammation, reduction of oxidative stress, promotion of angiogenesis, restoration of stem cell mobilization, and promotion of osteogenic differentiation, in addition to the challenges and future prospects of such approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Qing-Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Rong Nie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Jesse Li-Ling
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
- Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Hui-Qi Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
- Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, China
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Jatzlau J, Mendez PL, Altay A, Raaz L, Zhang Y, Mähr S, Sesver A, Reichenbach M, Mundlos S, Vingron M, Knaus P. Fluid shear stress-modulated chromatin accessibility reveals the mechano-dependency of endothelial SMAD1/5-mediated gene transcription. iScience 2023; 26:107405. [PMID: 37680470 PMCID: PMC10481294 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and fluid shear stress (FSS) mediate complementary functions in vascular homeostasis and disease development. It remains to be shown whether altered chromatin accessibility downstream of BMP and FSS offers a crosstalk level to explain changes in SMAD-dependent transcription. Here, we employed ATAC-seq to analyze arterial endothelial cells stimulated with BMP9 and/or FSS. We found that BMP9-sensitive regions harbor non-palindromic GC-rich SMAD-binding elements (GGCTCC) and 69.7% of these regions become BMP-insensitive in the presence of FSS. While GATA and KLF transcription factor (TF) motifs are unique to BMP9- and FSS-sensitive regions, respectively, SOX motifs are common to both. Finally, we show that both SOX(13/18) and GATA(2/3/6) family members are directly upregulated by SMAD1/5. These findings highlight the mechano-dependency of SMAD-signaling by a sequential mechanism of first elevated pioneer TF expression, allowing subsequent chromatin opening to eventually providing accessibility to novel SMAD binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Jatzlau
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul-Lennard Mendez
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- International Max-Planck Research School for Biology AND Computation (IMPRS-BAC), 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aybuge Altay
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lion Raaz
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- International Max-Planck Research School for Biology AND Computation (IMPRS-BAC), 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophia Mähr
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Akin Sesver
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Reichenbach
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- International Max-Planck Research School for Biology AND Computation (IMPRS-BAC), 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Vingron
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- International Max-Planck Research School for Biology AND Computation (IMPRS-BAC), 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- International Max-Planck Research School for Biology AND Computation (IMPRS-BAC), 14195 Berlin, Germany
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8
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Urizar AI, Prause M, Ingerslev LR, Wortham M, Sui Y, Sander M, Williams K, Barrès R, Larsen MR, Christensen GL, Billestrup N. Beta cell dysfunction induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 is associated with histone modifications and decreased NeuroD1 chromatin binding. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:399. [PMID: 37407581 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient insulin secretion is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes and has been attributed to beta cell identity loss characterized by decreased expression of several key beta cell genes. The pro-inflammatory factor BMP-2 is upregulated in islets of Langerhans from individuals with diabetes and acts as an inhibitor of beta cell function and proliferation. Exposure to BMP-2 induces expression of Id1-4, Hes-1, and Hey-1 which are transcriptional regulators associated with loss of differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which BMP-2 induces beta cell dysfunction and loss of cell maturity. Mouse islets exposed to BMP-2 for 10 days showed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and beta cell proliferation. BMP-2-induced beta cell dysfunction was associated with decreased expression of cell maturity and proliferation markers specific to the beta cell such as Ins1, Ucn3, and Ki67 and increased expression of Id1-4, Hes-1, and Hey-1. The top 30 most regulated proteins significantly correlated with corresponding mRNA expression. BMP-2-induced gene expression changes were associated with a predominant reduction in acetylation of H3K27 and a decrease in NeuroD1 chromatin binding activity. These results show that BMP-2 induces loss of beta cell maturity and suggest that remodeling of H3K27ac and decreased NeuroD1 DNA binding activity participate in the effect of BMP-2 on beta cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michala Prause
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Roed Ingerslev
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew Wortham
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yinghui Sui
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kristine Williams
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Nice Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Nils Billestrup
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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9
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Shimonty A, Bonewald LF, Huot JR. Metabolic Health and Disease: A Role of Osteokines? Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 113:21-38. [PMID: 37193929 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of skeletal health is tightly regulated by osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts via coordinated secretion of bone-derived factors, termed osteokines. Disruption of this coordinated process due to aging and metabolic disease promotes loss of bone mass and increased risk of fracture. Indeed, growing evidence demonstrates that metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, liver disease and cancer are accompanied by bone loss and altered osteokine levels. With the persistent prevalence of cancer and the growing epidemic of metabolic disorders, investigations into the role of inter-tissue communication during disease progression are on the rise. While osteokines are imperative for bone homeostasis, work from us and others have identified that osteokines possess endocrine functions, exerting effects on distant tissues including skeletal muscle and liver. In this review we first discuss the prevalence of bone loss and osteokine alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and cancer. We then discuss the effects of osteokines in mediating skeletal muscle and liver homeostasis, including RANKL, sclerostin, osteocalcin, FGF23, PGE2, TGF-β, BMPs, IGF-1 and PTHrP. To better understand how inter-tissue communication contributes to disease progression, it is essential that we include the bone secretome and the systemic roles of osteokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Shimonty
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lynda F Bonewald
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joshua R Huot
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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10
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Kim K, Kim MG, Lee GM. Improving bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) production in CHO cells through understanding of BMP synthesis, signaling and endocytosis. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 62:108080. [PMID: 36526238 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of growth factors with the clinical potential to regulate cartilage and bone formation. Functionally active mature recombinant human BMPs (rhBMPs), produced primarily in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for clinical applications, are considered difficult to express because they undergo maturation processes, signaling pathways, or endocytosis. Although BMPs are a family of proteins with similar mature domain sequence identities, their individual properties are diverse. Thus, understanding the properties of individual rhBMPs is essential to improve rhBMP production in CHO cells. In this review, we discuss various approaches to improve rhBMP production in CHO cells by understanding the overall maturation process, signaling pathways and endocytosis of individual rhBMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsoo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Gyeom Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Ye D, Liu Y, Pan H, Feng Y, Lu X, Gan L, Wan J, Ye J. Insights into bone morphogenetic proteins in cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1125642. [PMID: 36909186 PMCID: PMC9996008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1125642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secretory proteins belonging to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. These proteins play important roles in embryogenesis, bone morphogenesis, blood vessel remodeling and the development of various organs. In recent years, as research has progressed, BMPs have been found to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, cardiac remodeling, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). In this review, we summarized the potential roles and related mechanisms of the BMP family in the cardiovascular system and focused on atherosclerosis and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liren Gan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Zhang X, Chen J, Brott BC, Anderson PG, Hwang P, Sherwood J, Huskin G, Yoon YS, Virmani R, Jun HW. Pro-Healing Nanomatrix-Coated Stent Analysis in an In Vitro Vascular Double-Layer System and in a Rabbit Model. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:51728-51743. [PMID: 36346768 PMCID: PMC10860673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular stent technologies have significantly improved over time. However, their optimal performance remains limited by restenosis, thrombosis, inflammation, and delayed re-endothelialization. Current stent designs primarily target inhibition of neointimal proliferation but do not promote functional arterial healing (pro-healing) in order to restore normal vascular reactivity. The endothelial lining that does develop with current stents appears to have loose intracellular junctions. We have developed a pro-healing nanomatrix coating for stents that enhances healing while limiting neointimal proliferation. This builds on our prior work evaluating the effects of the pro-healing nanomatrix coating on cultures of vascular endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), monocytes, and platelets. However, when a stent is deployed in an artery, multiple vascular cell types interact, and their interactions affect stent performance. Thus, in our current study, an in vitro vascular double-layer (VDL) system was used to observe stent effects on communication between different vascular cell types. Additionally, we assessed the pro-healing ability and vascular cell interactions after stent deployment in the VDL system and in a rabbit model, evaluating the nanomatrix-coated stent compared to a commercial bare metal stent (BMS) and a drug eluting stent (DES). In vitro results indicated that, in a layered vascular structure, the pro-healing nanomatrix-coated stent could (1) improve endothelialization and endothelial functions, (2) regulate SMC phenotype to reduce SMC proliferation and migration, (3) suppress inflammation through a multifactorial manner, and (4) reduce foam cell formation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and calcification. Consistent with this, in vivo results demonstrated that, compared with commercial BMS and DES, this pro-healing nanomatrix-coated stent enhanced re-endothelialization with negligible restenosis, inflammation, or thrombosis. Thus, these findings indicate the unique pro-healing features of this nanomatrix stent coating with superior efficacy over commercial BMS and DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - Brigitta C. Brott
- Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, United States
- Endomimetics, LLC, Birmingham, AL, 35242, United States
| | - Peter G. Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - Patrick Hwang
- Endomimetics, LLC, Birmingham, AL, 35242, United States
| | | | - Gillian Huskin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - Young-sup Yoon
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - Renu Virmani
- CVPath Institute, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, United States
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
- Endomimetics, LLC, Birmingham, AL, 35242, United States
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13
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Nirwan N, Vohora D. Linagliptin in Combination With Metformin Ameliorates Diabetic Osteoporosis Through Modulating BMP-2 and Sclerostin in the High-Fat Diet Fed C57BL/6 Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:944323. [PMID: 35928902 PMCID: PMC9343600 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.944323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic osteoporosis is a poorly managed serious skeletal complication, characterized by high fracture risk, increased bone resorption, reduced bone formation, and disrupted bone architecture. There is a need to investigate drugs that can improve bone health along with managing glycemic control. DPP-4 inhibitors and metformin have proven benefits in improving bone health. Here, we investigated the effects of linagliptin, a DPP inhibitor, and metformin alone and in combination to treat diabetic osteoporosis in high-fat-fed mice. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were kept on the high-fat diet (HFD) for 22 weeks to induce diabetic osteoporosis. Linagliptin (10mg/Kg), metformin (150mg/Kg), and their combination were orally administered to the diabetic mice from the 18th-22nd week. Femur and tibial bone microarchitecture together with bone mineral density (BMD) were evaluated using µCT and histopathological changes were assessed. Further, bone turnover biomarkers namely bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), sclerostin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed. Additionally, metabolic parameters including body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose & insulin tolerance, lipids profile, and leptin were measured. RESULTS HFD feeding resulted in impaired bone microarchitecture, reduced BMD, distorted bone histology, and altered bone turnover biomarkers as indicated by the significant reduction in bone ALP, BMP-2, osteocalcin, and an increase in sclerostin, TRAP, and serum calcium. Interestingly, treatment with linagliptin and its combination with metformin significantly reverted the impaired bone architecture, BMD, and positively modulated bone turnover biomarkers, while metformin alone did not exhibit any significant improvement. Further, HFD induced diabetes and metabolic abnormalities (including an increase in body weight, FBG, impaired glucose and insulin tolerance, leptin, triglycerides, cholesterol), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1β) were successfully reversed by treatment with linagliptin, metformin, and their combination. CONCLUSION Linagliptin and its combination with metformin successfully ameliorated diabetic osteoporosis in HFD-fed mice possibly through modulation of BMP-2 and sclerostin. The study provides the first evidence for the possible use of linagliptin and metformin combination for managing diabetic osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Divya Vohora
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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14
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Feng R, Lu M, Yang Y, Luo P, Liu L, Xu K, Xu P. Genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies show that pulmonary embolism is associated with bone-forming proteins. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:951-958. [PMID: 35848930 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2103534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of death in stroke patients and a severe health burden worldwide. There is a pressing need to understand the mechanisms by which it occurs and to identify at-risk patients efficiently and accurately. OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper was to analyze the genetic correlation between PE and human plasma proteins through genome-wide association study (GWAS) with transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), in combination with mRNA expression profiling at three levels: DNA, RNA, and protein. METHODS First, based on data from GWAS in European populations, we performed a linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis of plasma proteins and PE in 3,283 individuals and additionally analyzed the genetic association between PE and fracture. Then, we performed a TWAS on PE GWAS data using skeletal muscle and blood for gene expression references. Finally, we validated the genetic correlation between PE and human plasma proteins by co-matching the genes encoding the identified proteins and those identified using TWAS with the differentially expressed genes obtained from mRNA expression profiling of PE (Figure1). RESULTS We identified five plasma proteins associated with PE, including hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2, defensin 118, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 7, as well as a relationship between PE and fracture. Comparison of genes encoding these proteins with genes obtained from TWAS and then with differentially expressed genes obtained from PE mRNA expression profiling revealed that PE was highly correlated with the BMP family of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyang Feng
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Mengnan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanni Yang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan Luo
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
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15
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Bohner M, Maazouz Y, Ginebra MP, Habibovic P, Schoenecker JG, Seeherman H, van den Beucken JJ, Witte F. Sustained local ionic homeostatic imbalance caused by calcification modulates inflammation to trigger heterotopic ossification. Acta Biomater 2022; 145:1-24. [PMID: 35398267 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a condition triggered by an injury leading to the formation of mature lamellar bone in extraskeletal soft tissues. Despite being a frequent complication of orthopedic and trauma surgery, brain and spinal injury, the etiology of HO is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that a sustained local ionic homeostatic imbalance (SLIHI) created by mineral formation during tissue calcification modulates inflammation to trigger HO. This evaluation also considers the role SLIHI could play for the design of cell-free, drug-free osteoinductive bone graft substitutes. The evaluation contains five main sections. The first section defines relevant concepts in the context of HO and provides a summary of proposed causes of HO. The second section starts with a detailed analysis of the occurrence and involvement of calcification in HO. It is followed by an explanation of the causes of calcification and its consequences. This allows to speculate on the potential chemical modulators of inflammation and triggers of HO. The end of this second section is devoted to in vitro mineralization tests used to predict the ectopic potential of materials. The third section reviews the biological cascade of events occurring during pathological and material-induced HO, and attempts to propose a quantitative timeline of HO formation. The fourth section looks at potential ways to control HO formation, either acting on SLIHI or on inflammation. Chemical, physical, and drug-based approaches are considered. Finally, the evaluation finishes with a critical assessment of the definition of osteoinduction. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The ability to regenerate bone in a spatially controlled and reproducible manner is an essential prerequisite for the treatment of large bone defects. As such, understanding the mechanism leading to heterotopic ossification (HO), a condition triggered by an injury leading to the formation of mature lamellar bone in extraskeletal soft tissues, would be very useful. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) behind HO is(are) poorly understood. The present study reviews the literature on HO and based on it, proposes that HO can be caused by a combination of inflammation and calcification. This mechanism helps to better understand current strategies to prevent and treat HO. It also shows new opportunities to improve the treatment of bone defects in orthopedic and dental procedures.
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16
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Marañón P, Fernández-García CE, Isaza SC, Rey E, Gallego-Durán R, Montero-Vallejo R, de Cía JR, Ampuero J, Romero-Gómez M, García-Monzón C, González-Rodríguez Á. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 is a new molecular target linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with potential value as non-invasive screening tool. Biomark Res 2022; 10:35. [PMID: 35614516 PMCID: PMC9131682 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, being non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) its most clinically relevant form. Given the risks associated with taking a liver biopsy, the design of accurate non-invasive methods to identify NASH patients is of upmost importance. BMP2 plays a key role in metabolic homeostasis; however, little is known about its involvement in NAFLD onset and progression. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of BMP2 in NAFLD pathophysiology. METHODS Hepatic and circulating levels of BMP2 were quantified in serum and liver specimens from 115 biopsy-proven NAFLD patients and 75 subjects with histologically normal liver (NL). In addition, BMP2 content and release was determined in cultured human hepatocytes upon palmitic acid (PA) overload. RESULTS We found that BMP2 expression was abnormally increased in livers from NAFLD patients than in subjects with NL and this was reflected in higher serum BMP2 levels. Notably, we observed that PA upregulated BMP2 expression and secretion by human hepatocytes. An algorithm based on serum BMP2 levels and clinically relevant variables to NAFLD showed an AUROC of 0.886 (95%CI, 0.83-0.94) to discriminate NASH. We used this algorithm to develop SAN (Screening Algorithm for NASH): a SAN < 0.2 implied a low risk and a SAN ≥ 0.6 indicated high risk of NASH diagnosis. CONCLUSION This proof-of-concept study shows BMP2 as a new molecular target linked to NAFLD and introduces SAN as a simple and efficient algorithm to screen individuals at risk for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Marañón
- Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Risk Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Maestro Vives 2, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Ernesto Fernández-García
- Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Risk Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Maestro Vives 2, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephania C Isaza
- Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Risk Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Maestro Vives 2, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Rey
- Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Risk Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Maestro Vives 2, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Gallego-Durán
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Montero-Vallejo
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez de Cía
- Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Risk Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Maestro Vives 2, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ampuero
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo García-Monzón
- Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Risk Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Maestro Vives 2, 28009, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Risk Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Maestro Vives 2, 28009, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain. .,Present address: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Nagy A, Pethő D, Gesztelyi R, Juhász B, Balla G, Szilvássy Z, Balla J, Gáll T. BGP-15 Inhibits Hyperglycemia-Aggravated VSMC Calcification Induced by High Phosphate. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179263. [PMID: 34502172 PMCID: PMC8431374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification associated with high plasma phosphate (Pi) level is a frequent complication of hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. BGP-15 is an emerging anti-diabetic drug candidate. This study was aimed to explore whether BGP-15 inhibits high Pi-induced calcification of human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) under normal glucose (NG) and high glucose (HG) conditions. Exposure of VSMCs to Pi resulted in accumulation of extracellular calcium, elevated cellular Pi uptake and intracellular pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK-4) level, loss of smooth muscle cell markers (ACTA, TAGLN), and enhanced osteochondrogenic gene expression (KLF-5, Msx-2, Sp7, BMP-2). Increased Annexin A2 and decreased matrix Gla protein (MGP) content were found in extracellular vesicles (EVs). The HG condition markedly aggravated Pi-induced VSMC calcification. BGP-15 inhibited Pi uptake and PDK-4 expression that was accompanied by the decreased nuclear translocation of KLF-5, Msx-2, Sp7, retained VSMC markers (ACTA, TAGLN), and decreased BMP-2 in both NG and HG conditions. EVs exhibited increased MGP content and decreased Annexin A2. Importantly, BGP-15 prevented the deposition of calcium in the extracellular matrix. In conclusion, BGP-15 inhibits Pi-induced osteochondrogenic phenotypic switch and mineralization of VSMCs in vitro that make BGP-15 an ideal candidate to attenuate both diabetic and non-diabetic vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Nagy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dávid Pethő
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.G.); (B.J.); (Z.S.)
| | - Béla Juhász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.G.); (B.J.); (Z.S.)
| | - György Balla
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szilvássy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.G.); (B.J.); (Z.S.)
| | - József Balla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-255-500 (ext. 55004)
| | - Tamás Gáll
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
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18
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Hiwasa T, Wang H, Goto KI, Mine S, Machida T, Kobayashi E, Yoshida Y, Adachi A, Matsutani T, Sata M, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Kunimatsu M, Kamitsukasa I, Mori M, Sugimoto K, Uzawa A, Muto M, Kuwabara S, Kobayashi Y, Ohno M, Nishi E, Hattori A, Yamamoto M, Maezawa Y, Kobayashi K, Ishibashi R, Takemoto M, Yokote K, Takizawa H, Kishimoto T, Matsushita K, Kobayashi S, Nomura F, Arasawa T, Kagaya A, Maruyama T, Matsubara H, Tomiita M, Hamanaka S, Imai Y, Nakagawa T, Kato N, Terada J, Matsumura T, Katsumata Y, Naito A, Tanabe N, Sakao S, Tatsumi K, Ito M, Shiratori F, Sumazaki M, Yajima S, Shimada H, Shirouzu M, Yokoyama S, Kudo T, Doi H, Iwase K, Ashino H, Li SY, Kubota M, Tomiyoshi G, Shinmen N, Nakamura R, Kuroda H, Iwadate Y. Serum anti-DIDO1, anti-CPSF2, and anti-FOXJ2 antibodies as predictive risk markers for acute ischemic stroke. BMC Med 2021; 19:131. [PMID: 34103026 PMCID: PMC8188684 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a serious cause of mortality and disability. AIS is a serious cause of mortality and disability. Early diagnosis of atherosclerosis, which is the major cause of AIS, allows therapeutic intervention before the onset, leading to prevention of AIS. METHODS Serological identification by cDNA expression cDNA libraries and the protein array method were used for the screening of antigens recognized by serum IgG antibodies in patients with atherosclerosis. Recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides derived from candidate antigens were used as antigens to compare serum IgG levels between healthy donors (HDs) and patients with atherosclerosis-related disease using the amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The first screening using the protein array method identified death-inducer obliterator 1 (DIDO1), forkhead box J2 (FOXJ2), and cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF2) as the target antigens of serum IgG antibodies in patients with AIS. Then, we prepared various antigens including glutathione S-transferase-fused DIDO1 protein as well as peptides of the amino acids 297-311 of DIDO1, 426-440 of FOXJ2, and 607-621 of CPSF2 to examine serum antibody levels. Compared with HDs, a significant increase in antibody levels of the DIDO1 protein and peptide in patients with AIS, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) but not in those with acute myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus (DM). Serum anti-FOXJ2 antibody levels were elevated in most patients with atherosclerosis-related diseases, whereas serum anti-CPSF2 antibody levels were associated with AIS, TIA, and DM. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that serum DIDO1 antibody levels were highly associated with CKD, and correlation analysis revealed that serum anti-FOXJ2 antibody levels were associated with hypertension. A prospective case-control study on ischemic stroke verified that the serum antibody levels of the DIDO1 protein and DIDO1, FOXJ2, and CPSF2 peptides showed significantly higher odds ratios with a risk of AIS in patients with the highest quartile than in those with the lowest quartile, indicating that these antibody markers are useful as risk factors for AIS. CONCLUSIONS Serum antibody levels of DIDO1, FOXJ2, and CPSF2 are useful in predicting the onset of atherosclerosis-related AIS caused by kidney failure, hypertension, and DM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan. .,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan. .,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guanzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ken-Ichiro Goto
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Mine
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Prefectural Sawara Hospital, Chiba, 287-0003, Japan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba, 290-0512, Japan
| | - Toshio Machida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba, 290-0512, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, 283-8686, Japan
| | - Eiichi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Akihiko Adachi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Tomoo Matsutani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Mizuki Sata
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Mitoshi Kunimatsu
- Department of Home Economics, Nagoya Women's University, Nagoya, 467-8610, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kamitsukasa
- Department of Neurology, Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba, 290-0003, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Chibaken Saiseikai Narashino Hospital, Chiba, 275-8580, Japan
| | - Masahiro Mori
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sugimoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Uzawa
- Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mayumi Muto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwabara
- Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Akiko Hattori
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamamoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Ishibashi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Port Square Kashiwado Clinic, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, Chiba, 260-0025, Japan
| | - Takashi Kishimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Sohei Kobayashi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.,Department of Medical Technology and Sciences, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba Foundation for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Chiba, 261-0002, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arasawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akiko Kagaya
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Maruyama
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Minako Tomiita
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, 266-0007, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Hamanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yushi Imai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomoo Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Jiro Terada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takuma Matsumura
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yusuke Katsumata
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tanabe
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Advanced Medicine in Pulmonary Hypertension, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sakao
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tatsumi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shiratori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Makoto Sumazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Mikako Shirouzu
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yokoyama
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | | | | | - Katsuro Iwase
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ashino
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shu-Yang Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kubota
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Go Tomiyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, 340-0203, Japan
| | - Natsuko Shinmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, 340-0203, Japan
| | - Rika Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, 340-0203, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kuroda
- Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, 340-0203, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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19
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Elmasry K, Habib S, Moustafa M, Al-Shabrawey M. Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and Diabetic Retinopathy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040593. [PMID: 33919531 PMCID: PMC8073699 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in bone formation and repair. Recent studies underscored their essential role in the normal development of several organs and vascular homeostasis in health and diseases. Elevated levels of BMPs have been linked to the development of cardiovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. However, their particular role in the pathogenesis of microvascular dysfunction associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is still under-investigated. Accumulated evidence from our and others’ studies suggests the involvement of BMP signaling in retinal inflammation, hyperpermeability and pathological neovascularization in DR and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Therefore, targeting BMP signaling in diabetes is proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy to halt the development of microvascular dysfunction in retinal diseases, particularly in DR. The goal of this review article is to discuss the biological functions of BMPs, their underlying mechanisms and their potential role in the pathogenesis of DR in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elmasry
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Culver Vision discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Department of Anatomy, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia Governorate 35516, Egypt
| | - Samar Habib
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia Governorate 35516, Egypt;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mohamed Moustafa
- Culver Vision discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Culver Vision discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(706)721-4278 or +1-(706)721-4279
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20
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Choi GC, Kim S, Rahman MM, Oh JH, Cho YS, Shin HJ. Entelon (vitis vinifera seed extract) reduces degenerative changes in bovine pericardium valve leaflet in a dog intravascular implant model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0235454. [PMID: 33661896 PMCID: PMC7932063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Inflammation and calcification are major factors responsible for degeneration of bioprosthetic valve and other substitute heart valve implantations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification effects of Entelon150® (consisting of grape-seed extract) in a beagle dog model of intravascular bovine pericardium implantation. Methods In total, 8 healthy male beagle dogs were implanted with a bovine pericardium bilaterally in the external jugular veins and divided into two groups. Animals in the Entelon150® group (n = 4) were treated with 150 mg of Entelon150® twice daily for six weeks after surgery. The negative control (NC) group (n = 4) was treated with 5 ml of saline using the same method. After six weeks, we measured the calcium content, performed histological examination, and performed molecular analysis. Results The calcium content of implanted tissue in the Entelon150® group (0.56±0.14 mg/g) was significantly lower than that in the NC group (1.48±0.57 mg/g) (p < 0.05). Histopathological examination showed that infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, such as fibroblasts and macrophages, occurred around the graft in all groups; however, the inflammation level of the implanted tissue in the Entelon150® group was s lower than that in the NC group. Both immunohistochemical and western blot analyses revealed that bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression was significantly attenuated in the Entelon150® group. Conclusions Our results indicate that Entelon150® significantly attenuates post-implantation inflammation and degenerative calcification of the bovine pericardium in dogs. Therefore, Entelon150® may increase the longevity of the bovine pericardium after intravascular implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gab-Chol Choi
- Animal Medical Center W, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sokho Kim
- KNOTUS Co., Ltd., Research Center, Incheon, Korea
| | | | - Ji Hyun Oh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Yun Seok Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hong Ju Shin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
- * E-mail:
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21
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Baboota RK, Blüher M, Smith U. Emerging Role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 in Metabolic Disorders. Diabetes 2021; 70:303-312. [PMID: 33472940 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of signaling molecules that belong to the TGF-β superfamily. Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation, BMPs are known to play a diverse and critical array of biological roles. We here focus on recent evidence showing that BMP4 is an important regulator of white/beige adipogenic differentiation with important consequences for thermogenesis, energy homeostasis, and development of obesity in vivo. BMP4 is highly expressed in, and released by, human adipose tissue, and serum levels are increased in obesity. Recent studies have now shown BMP4 to play an important role not only for white/beige/brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis but also in regulating systemic glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. It also has important suppressive effects on hepatic glucose production and lipid metabolism. Cellular BMP4 signaling/action is regulated by both ambient cell/systemic levels and several endogenous and systemic BMP antagonists. Reduced BMP4 signaling/action can contribute to the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and associated metabolic disorders. In this article, we summarize the pleiotropic functions of BMP4 in the pathophysiology of these diseases and also consider the therapeutic implications of targeting BMP4 in the prevention/treatment of obesity and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh K Baboota
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulf Smith
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Liu T, Fang W, Wu G, Li Y, Pathak JL, Liu Y. Low Dose BMP2-Doped Calcium Phosphate Graft Promotes Bone Defect Healing in a Large Animal Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:613891. [PMID: 33553148 PMCID: PMC7858265 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.613891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone grafts are in high demand due to the increase in the cases of bone defects mainly caused by trauma, old age, and disease-related bone damages. Tissue-engineered calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials match the major inorganic contents of bone, thereby could be the potential bone graft substitute. However, CaP-bone grafts lack the osteoinductivity that is vital for effective bone regeneration. In this study, we aimed to test the bone defect healing potential of biomimetically fabricated low dose BMP2-doped CaP (BMP2.BioCaP) grafts in a large animal model. Methods: Low dose BMP2 was doped internally (BMP2-int.BioCaP) or on the surface of CaP (BMP2-sur.BioCaP) grafts during the fabrication process. Our previous study showed the robust bone regenerative potential of BMP2-int.BioCaP and BMP2-sur.BioCaP grafts in the rat ectopic model. In this study, we investigated the bone defect healing potential of BMP2.BioCaP grafts in sheep humerus/femoral defects, as well as compared with that of autologous bone graft and clinically used deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) xenograft. Results: Different ways of BMP2 doping did not affect the surface morphology and degradation properties of the graft materials. Micro-CT and histology results showed robustly higher bone defect-healing potential of the BMP2.BioCaP grafts compared to clinically used DBB grafts. The bone defect healing potential of BMP2.BioCaP grafts was as effective as that of the autologous bone graft. Although, BMP2-int.BioCaP doped half the amount of BMP2 compared to BMP2-sur.BioCaP, its' bone defect healing potential was even robust. The BMP2.BioCaP grafts showed less immunogenicity compared to BioCaP or DBB grafts. The volume density of blood vessel-like and bone marrow-like structures in both BMP2.BioCaP graft groups were in a similar extent to the autologous group. Meticulous observation of higher magnification histological images showed active bone regeneration and remodeling during bone defect healing in BMP2.BioCaP graft groups. Conclusion: The robust bone regenerative potential of BMP2.BioCaP grafts in the ectopic model and in-situ bone defects in small and large animals warrant the pre-clinical studies on large animal critical-sized segmental bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), VU Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yining Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuelian Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), VU Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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23
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Serum Levels of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 2 and 4 in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102179. [PMID: 32992577 PMCID: PMC7601292 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins-2 and -4 (BMPs) have been implicated in left ventricular remodeling (LVR) processes such as an inflammation and fibrogenesis. We hypothesized that this knowledge could be translated into clinics. Methods: We studied the dynamics of serum levels of BMPs, its correlation with markers of LVR and with parameters of echocardiography in patients (n = 31) during the six-month follow-up period after myocardial infarction (MI). Results: Elevated serum levels of BMPs decreased by the six-month follow-up period. BMP-2 decreased from the first day after MI, and BMP-4 decreased from the Day 14. The elevated level of BMP-2 at Day 1 was associated with a lower level of troponin I, reperfusion time and better left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) at the six-month follow-up. Elevated serum level of BMP-4 at Day 1 was associated with a lower level of a soluble isoform of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), age and reperfusion time. An elevated level of BMP-2 at the six-month follow-up was associated with higher levels of BMP-4, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hCRP) and sST2. High serum level of BMP-2 correlated with high levels of hCRP and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 on Day 7. High serum level of BMP-4 correlated with low levels of hCRP, MMP-9 at Day 3, sST2 at Day 1 and with decreased LV EF on Day 7. The findings of multivariate analysis support the involvement of BMP-2 in the development of post-infarction LVR. Conclusions: Our research translates experimental data about the BMPs in the development of adverse LVR into the clinic. Elevated serum levels of BMPs decreased by the end of the six-month period after MI. BMP-2 decreased from the first day and BMP-4 decreased from Day 14. BMP-2 and BMP-4 were associated with the development of LVR. Their correlations with markers of inflammation, degradation of the extracellular matrix, hemodynamic stress and markers of myocardial damage further support our hypothesis. Diagnostic and predictive values of these BMPs at the development of post-infarction LVR in vivo should be investigated further.
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Halloran D, Durbano HW, Nohe A. Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Development and Bone Homeostasis. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:E19. [PMID: 32933207 PMCID: PMC7557435 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors belonging to the Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) superfamily. These proteins are essential to many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Specifically, within the BMP family, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) was the first BMP to be characterized and has been well-studied. BMP-2 has important roles during embryonic development, as well as bone remodeling and homeostasis in adulthood. Some of its specific functions include digit formation and activating osteogenic genes, such as Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2). Because of its diverse functions and osteogenic potential, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved usage of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) during spinal fusion surgery, tibial shaft repair, and maxillary sinus reconstructive surgery. However, shortly after initial injections of rhBMP-2, several adverse complications were reported, and alternative therapeutics have been developed to limit these side-effects. As the clinical application of BMP-2 is largely implicated in bone, we focus primarily on its role in bone. However, we also describe briefly the role of BMP-2 in development. We then focus on the structure of BMP-2, its activation and regulation signaling pathways, BMP-2 clinical applications, and limitations of using BMP-2 as a therapeutic. Further, this review explores other potential treatments that may be useful in treating bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anja Nohe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (D.H.); (H.W.D.)
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Lee J, Hong SW, Kim MJ, Kwon H, Park SE, Rhee EJ, Lee WY. Metformin, resveratrol, and exendin-4 inhibit high phosphate-induced vascular calcification via AMPK-RANKL signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:374-380. [PMID: 32800550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, and it is closely associated with metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We investigated whether the activators of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), metformin, resveratrol, and exendin-4, improved inorganic phosphate (Pi)-induced vascular calcification in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and whether these effects were via AMPK. Pi increased calcium deposition in a dose-dependent manner, and metformin, resveratrol, and exendin-4 significantly decreased calcium deposition in the Pi-treated VSMCs. Moreover, metformin and exendin-4 increased the expression of a SMC marker gene, α-smooth muscle actin, and Ampk and reduced the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (Rankl)/osteoprotegerin ratio. Metformin, resveratrol, and exendin-4 reduced the expression of osteoblast differentiation-associated factors, such as runt-related transcription factor 2, bone morphogenic protein-2, p-small mothers against decapentaplegic 1/5/8, and Rankl. Inhibition of AMPK by siRNA adversely affected the anti-calcification effects of metformin, resveratrol, and exendin-4 and reversed the reduction of the expression of Rankl by metformin and exendin-4 in the Pi-treated VSMCs. These data suggest that metformin, resveratrol, and exendin-4 ameliorate Pi-induced vascular calcification by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation of VSMCs, which is mediated by AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmi Lee
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Hong
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Kim
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Kwon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JM, Lee WS, Kim J. Therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis based on bone-vascular axis hypothesis. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 206:107436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Robles-Murguia M, Rao D, Finkelstein D, Xu B, Fan Y, Demontis F. Muscle-derived Dpp regulates feeding initiation via endocrine modulation of brain dopamine biosynthesis. Genes Dev 2020; 34:37-52. [PMID: 31831628 PMCID: PMC6938663 DOI: 10.1101/gad.329110.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In animals, the brain regulates feeding behavior in response to local energy demands of peripheral tissues, which secrete orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones. Although skeletal muscle is a key peripheral tissue, it remains unknown whether muscle-secreted hormones regulate feeding. In Drosophila, we found that decapentaplegic (dpp), the homolog of human bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 and BMP4, is a muscle-secreted factor (a myokine) that is induced by nutrient sensing and that circulates and signals to the brain. Muscle-restricted dpp RNAi promotes foraging and feeding initiation, whereas dpp overexpression reduces it. This regulation of feeding by muscle-derived Dpp stems from modulation of brain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression and dopamine biosynthesis. Consistently, Dpp receptor signaling in dopaminergic neurons regulates TH expression and feeding initiation via the downstream transcriptional repressor Schnurri. Moreover, pharmacologic modulation of TH activity rescues the changes in feeding initiation due to modulation of dpp expression in muscle. These findings indicate that muscle-to-brain endocrine signaling mediated by the myokine Dpp regulates feeding behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricela Robles-Murguia
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Deepti Rao
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - David Finkelstein
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Yiping Fan
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Fabio Demontis
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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Olapoju SO, Adejobi OI, Le Thi X. Fibroblast growth factor 21; review on its participation in vascular calcification pathology. Vascul Pharmacol 2019; 125-126:106636. [PMID: 31881276 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2019.106636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is an independent cardiovascular event and also a complication commonly found in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic patients. The mechanisms underpinning pathophysiology of VC is yet to be fully understood. Nevertheless, certain processes are generally believed to participate in its onset and progression. VC pathology is characterized by disequilibrium in the amount of natural inhibitors and active inducers of VC process. The imbalance may favor ectopic deposition of calcium-phosphate in form of hydroxyapatite in media or intima tunica compartments of blood vessels. This eventually could trigger phenotypic switch of smooth muscle cells to osteoblasts related cells. Thus, VSMC phenotypic trans-differentiation is currently considered as one of the hallmarks of VC. At the moment, there is no approved treatment. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a protein family that participates in varieties of biological processes. More recently, FGF21 seems to be gaining more attention with recent findings showing its anti-calcifying efficacy. In this review, the aim is to point out specific processes involved in VC and also to highlight the participation of FGF21 in the pathology of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O Olapoju
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardiometabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, France; National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Str., Hoan Kiem Dist., Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Oluwaniyi Isaiah Adejobi
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institutes of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xoan Le Thi
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Str., Hoan Kiem Dist., Hanoi, Viet Nam
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Denton NF, Eghleilib M, Al-Sharifi S, Todorčević M, Neville MJ, Loh N, Drakesmith A, Karpe F, Pinnick KE. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 is a depot-specific regulator of human adipogenesis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:2458-2468. [PMID: 31324879 PMCID: PMC6892741 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulate adipogenesis but it is not clear whether they influence regional adipose tissue (AT) development in humans. OBJECTIVE To characterise BMP2 expression, BMP2-SMAD1/5/8 signalling, and BMP2's potential effect on proliferation and adipogenesis in human subcutaneous abdominal and gluteal AT and its constituent preadipocytes. METHODS BMP2 expression was measured in whole AT and immortalised preadipocytes via qPCR and Western blot; secreted/circulating BMP2 was measured by ELISA. The effect of BMP2 on preadipocyte proliferation was evaluated using a fluorescent assay. BMP2's effect on adipogenesis in immortalised preadipocytes was determined via qPCR of adipogenic markers and cellular triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation. BMP2-SMAD1/5/8 signalling was assessed in immortalised preadipocytes via Western blot and qPCR of ID1 expression. RESULTS BMP2 was expressed and released by abdominal and gluteal AT and preadipocytes. Exogenous BMP2 dose dependently promoted adipogenesis in abdominal preadipocytes only; 50 ng/ml BMP2 increased PPARG2 expression (10-fold compared to vehicle, p < 0.001) and TAG accumulation (3-fold compared to vehicle; p < 0.001). BMP2 stimulated SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation and ID1 expression in abdominal and gluteal preadipocytes but this was blocked by 500 nM K02288, a type 1 BMP receptor inhibitor (p < 0.001). Co-administration of 500 nM K02288 also inhibited the pro-adipogenic effect of 50 ng/ml BMP2 in abdominal cells; >90% inhibition of TAG accumulation (p < 0.001) and ~50% inhibition of PPARG2 expression (p < 0.001). The endogenous iron regulator erythroferrone reduced BMP2-SMAD1/5/8 signalling by ~30% specifically in subcutaneous abdominal preadipocytes (p < 0.01), suggesting it plays a role in restricting the expansion of the body's largest AT depot during energy deficiency. Additionally, a waist-hip ratio-increasing common polymorphism near BMP2 is an eQTL associated with ~15% lower BMP2 expression in abdominal and gluteal AT (p < 0.05) as well as altered adipocyte size in male abdominal AT (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data implicate BMP2-SMAD1/5/8 signalling in depot-specific preadipocyte development and abdominal AT expansion in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan F Denton
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mohamed Eghleilib
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sama Al-Sharifi
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marijana Todorčević
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospital NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Nellie Loh
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander Drakesmith
- The MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospital NHS Trust, Oxford, UK.
| | - Katherine E Pinnick
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Smith ER, Hewitson TD, Holt SG. Diagnostic Tests for Vascular Calcification. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2019; 26:445-463. [PMID: 31831123 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is the heterogeneous endpoint of multiple vascular insults, which varies by arterial bed, the layer of the arterial wall affected, and is propagated by diverse cellular and biochemical mechanisms. A variety of in vivo and ex vivo techniques have been applied to the analysis of VC in preclinical studies, but clinical examination has principally relied on a number of noninvasive and invasive imaging modalities for detection and quantitation. Most imaging methods suffer from suboptimal spatial resolution, leading to the inability to distinguish medial from intimal VC and insufficient sensitivity to detect microcalcifications that are indicative of active mineral deposition and of vulnerable plaques which may be prone to rupture. Serum biomarkers lack specificity for VC and cannot discriminate pathology. Overall, uncertainties surrounding the sensitivity and specificity of different VC testing modalities, the absence of a clear cause-effect relationship, and lack of any evidence-based diagnostic or therapeutic protocols in relation to VC testing in chronic kidney disease has yielded weak or ungraded recommendations for their use in clinical practice. While VC is recognized as a key manifestation of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder and those with an increasing burden of VC are considered to be at higher cardiovascular risk, routine screening is not currently recommended.
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Perera N, Ritchie RH, Tate M. The Role of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Diabetic Complications. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2019; 3:11-20. [PMID: 32259084 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes has reached epidemic proportions and is placing a significant burden on healthcare systems globally. Diabetes has a detrimental impact on many organs in the human body, including accelerating the development of micro- and macrovascular complications. Current therapeutic options to treat diabetic complications have their limitations. Importantly, many slow but fail to reverse the progression of diabetic complications. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a highly conserved subgroup of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, signaling via serine/threonine kinase receptors, that have recently been implicated in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in the setting of diabetes. Downstream of the receptors, the signal can be transduced via the canonical Smad-dependent pathway or the noncanonical Smad-independent pathways. BMPs are essential in organ development, tissue homeostasis, and, as expected, disease pathogenesis. In fact, deletion of BMPs can be embryonically lethal or result in severe organ abnormalities. This review outlines the BMP signaling pathway and its relevance to diabetic complications, namely, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes-associated cardiovascular diseases, and diabetic retinopathy. Understanding the complexities of BMP signaling and particularly its tissue-, cellular-, and time-dependent actions will help delineate the underlying pathogenesis of the disease and may ultimately be harnessed in the treatment of diabetes-induced complications. This would replicate progress made in numerous other diseases, including cancer and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimna Perera
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Mitchel Tate
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Sánchez-de-Diego C, Valer JA, Pimenta-Lopes C, Rosa JL, Ventura F. Interplay between BMPs and Reactive Oxygen Species in Cell Signaling and Pathology. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E534. [PMID: 31561501 PMCID: PMC6843432 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of cell extrinsic and intrinsic signals is required to maintain appropriate cell physiology and homeostasis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are cytokines that belong to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, which play a key role in embryogenesis, organogenesis and regulation of whole-body homeostasis. BMPs interact with membrane receptors that transduce information to the nucleus through SMAD-dependent and independent pathways, including PI3K-AKT and MAPKs. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are intracellular molecules derived from the partial reduction of oxygen. ROS are highly reactive and govern cellular processes by their capacity to regulate signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB, MAPKs, KEAP1-NRF2 and PI3K-AKT). Emerging evidence indicates that BMPs and ROS interplay in a number of ways. BMPs stimulate ROS production by inducing NOX expression, while ROS regulate the expression of several BMPs. Moreover, BMPs and ROS influence common signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT and MAPK. Additionally, dysregulation of BMPs and ROS occurs in several pathologies, including vascular and musculoskeletal diseases, obesity, diabetes and kidney injury. Here, we review the current knowledge on the integration between BMP and ROS signals and its potential applications in the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet Llobregat, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Valer
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Carolina Pimenta-Lopes
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet Llobregat, Spain.
| | - José Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet Llobregat, Spain.
- IDIBELL, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet Llobregat, Spain.
- IDIBELL, Avinguda Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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Abstract
Vascular calcification results from an imbalance of promoters and inhibitors of mineralization in the vascular wall, culminating in the creation of an organized extracellular matrix deposition. It is characterized by the accumulation of calcium phosphate complex and crystallization of hydroxyapatite in the tunica media, leading to vessel stiffening. The underlying initiators of dysregulated calcification maintenance are diverse. These range from the expression of bone-associated proteins, to the osteogenic transdifferentiation of smooth muscle cells to osteoblast-like cells, to the release of fragmented apoptotic bodies and mineralization competent extracellular vesicles by smooth muscle cells, which act as a nucleation site for the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals. The process involves a complex interplay between vitamin K-dependent calcification-inhibitory proteins, such as matrix γ-carboxyglutamate acid (Gla) protein, Gla-rich protein and growth arrest-specific gene 6 protein, and stimulatory mediators, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin K plays an important role as a cofactor for posttranslational γ-carboxylation of matrix Gla proteins in converting to a biologically active conformation. Drugs that inhibit vitamin K, such as warfarin, impair γ-carboxylation of Gla proteins, resulting in the accumulation of uncarboxylated proteins lacking calcification-inhibitory capacity. This article overviews the involvement of systemically and locally expressed vitamin K-dependent proteins in vascular calcification and their potential as biomarkers of calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belay Tesfamariam
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular and Renal Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Wang X, Li J, Gan L, Liu Q. Plasma NAP-2 levels are associated with critical limb ischemia in peripheral arterial disease patients. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:22-27. [PMID: 30638058 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218823684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a serious arterial obstruction, resulting in serious reduction of blood flow to the extremities. CLI is a symptomatic disorder and is frequently not diagnosed in time. This results in a high mortality and elevated risk of limb amputation. Serum or plasma biomarkers play important roles in disease prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis. Elevated plasma neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (NAP-2) was found independently associated with CLI, but not with T2DM. Plasma NAP-2 levels might be an early CLI diagnostic biomarker and might provide a novel target for CLI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Wang
- 1 Department of Pain, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430021, China
| | - Juyi Li
- 2 Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430021, China
| | - Liming Gan
- 3 Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430021, China
| | - Qun Liu
- 4 Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University & Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
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Zhang L, Sun H, Liu S, Gao J, Xia J. Glycemic variability is associated with vascular calcification by the markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis, Wnt1, galectin-3 and BMP-2. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:67. [PMID: 31452690 PMCID: PMC6701112 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study identified whether glycemic variability (GV) was associated with vascular calcification and explored the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Eighty-four consecutive type 2 diabetic patients with unstable angina (UA) were included from January 2018 to June 2018 to calculate calcification scores using computerized tomographic angiography (CTA), and the patients were divided into 2 groups: high calcification score group (HCS group) and low calcification score group (LCS group). Intergroup differences in GV were determined via comparisons of the standard deviation (SD) of blood glucose. Calcification staining, content measurement, apoptosis evaluation and Western blot analysis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related apoptosis, Wnt1, galectin-3 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) were compared in cell cultures from rat vascular smooth muscle cells in the different degrees of GV. RESULTS The SD increased significantly with the increases in calcification scores from human studies (HCS group 2.37 ± 0.82 vs. LCS group 1.87 ± 0.78, p = 0.007). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that increased SD and serum creatinine were independent predictors of calcification. The high GV group had a higher apoptotic rate, higher calcification content and higher expressions of glucose-regulated protein, caspase-3, Wnt1, galectin-3 and BMP-2 markers compared to the low GV group in the in vitro studies (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We report the novel finding that GV is associated with vascular calcification, and ER stress-related apoptosis, Wnt1, galectin-3 and BMP-2 may be involved in this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Haichen Sun
- Surgical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Surgical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Jinhuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Jinggang Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
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Zhang B, Miller VM, Miller JD. Influences of Sex and Estrogen in Arterial and Valvular Calcification. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:622. [PMID: 31620082 PMCID: PMC6763561 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular and cardiac valvular calcification was once considered to be a degenerative and end stage product in aging cardiovascular tissues. Over the past two decades, however, a critical mass of data has shown that cardiovascular calcification can be an active and highly regulated process. While the incidence of calcification in the coronary arteries and cardiac valves is higher in men than in age-matched women, a high index of calcification associates with increased morbidity, and mortality in both sexes. Despite the ubiquitous portending of poor outcomes in both sexes, our understanding of mechanisms of calcification under the dramatically different biological contexts of sex and hormonal milieu remains rudimentary. Understanding how the critical context of these variables inform our understanding of mechanisms of calcification-as well as innovative strategies to target it therapeutically-is essential to advancing the fields of both cardiovascular disease and fundamental mechanisms of aging. This review will explore potential sex and sex-steroid differences in the basic biological pathways associated with vascular and cardiac valvular tissue calcification, and potential strategies of pharmacological therapy to reduce or slow these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Virginia M. Miller
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jordan D. Miller
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- *Correspondence: Jordan D. Miller
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Bartoli-Leonard F, Wilkinson FL, Langford-Smith AWW, Alexander MY, Weston R. The Interplay of SIRT1 and Wnt Signaling in Vascular Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:183. [PMID: 30619890 PMCID: PMC6305318 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a major health risk and is highly correlated with atherosclerosis, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The development of vascular calcification is an active and complex process linked with a multitude of signaling pathways, which regulate promoters and inhibitors of osteogenesis, the balance of which become deregulated in disease conditions. SIRT1, a protein deacetylase, known to be protective in inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation within the vessel wall, has been shown as a possible key player in modulating the cell-fate determining canonical Wnt signaling pathways. Suppression of SIRT1 has been reported in patients suffering with cardiovascular pathologies, suggesting that the sustained acetylation of osteogenic factors could contribute to their activation and in turn, lead to the progression of calcification. There is clear evidence of the synergy between β-Catenin and elevated Runx2, and with Wnt signaling being β-Catenin dependent, further understanding is needed as to how these molecular pathways converge and interact, in order to provide novel insight into the mechanism by which smooth muscle cells switch to an osteogenic differentiation programme. Therefore, this review will describe the current concepts of pathological soft tissue mineralization, with a focus on the contribution of SIRT1 as a regulator of Wnt signaling and its targets, discussing SIRT1 as a potential target for manipulation and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bartoli-Leonard
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona L Wilkinson
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alex W W Langford-Smith
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Y Alexander
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ria Weston
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Pardali E, Makowski LM, Leffers M, Borgscheiper A, Waltenberger J. BMP-2 induces human mononuclear cell chemotaxis and adhesion and modulates monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5429-5438. [PMID: 30102472 PMCID: PMC6201342 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a cardiovascular risk factor which leads to atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disease characterized by the infiltration of mononuclear cells in the vessel. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐2 is a cytokine which has been recently shown to be elevated in atherosclerosis and T2DM and to contribute to vascular inflammation. However, the role of BMP‐2 in the regulation of mononuclear cell function remains to be established. Herein, we demonstrate that BMP‐2 induced human monocyte chemotaxis via phosphoinositide 3 kinase and mitogen‐activated protein kinases. Inhibition of endogenous BMP‐2 signalling, by Noggin or a BMP receptor inhibitor, interfered with monocyte migration. Although BMP‐2 expression was increased in monocytes from T2DM patients, it could still stimulate their migration. Furthermore, BMP‐2 interfered with their differentiation into M2 macrophages. Finally, BMP‐2 both induced the adhesion of monocytes to fibronectin and endothelial cells (ECs), and promoted the adhesive properties of ECs, by increasing expression of adhesion and pro‐inflammatory molecules. Our data demonstrate that BMP‐2 could exert its pro‐inflammatory effects by inducing monocyte migration and adhesiveness to ECs and by interfering with the monocyte differentiation into M2 macrophages. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms by which BMP‐2 may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Pardali
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lena-Maria Makowski
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Merle Leffers
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Borgscheiper
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Matsumura T, Terada J, Kinoshita T, Sakurai Y, Yahaba M, Tsushima K, Sakao S, Nagashima K, Ozaki T, Kobayashi Y, Hiwasa T, Tatsumi K. Circulating autoantibodies against neuroblastoma suppressor of tumorigenicity 1 (NBL1): A potential biomarker for coronary artery disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195015. [PMID: 29596467 PMCID: PMC5875805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis-related diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD), there is no reliable biomarker of CAD risks in patients with OSA. This study aimed to test our hypothesis that circulating autoantibodies against neuroblastoma suppressor of tumorigenicity 1 (NBL1-Abs) are associated with the prevalence of CAD in patients with OSA. Methods Eighty-two adults diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography, 96 patients with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 64 healthy volunteers (HVs) were consecutively enrolled. Serum samples were collected from patients with OSA at diagnostic polysomnography and from patients with ACS at disease onset. Serum NBL1-Ab level was measured by amplified luminescence proximity homogeneous assay and its association with clinical variables related to atherosclerosis was evaluated. Results NBL1-Ab level was significantly elevated in patients with both OSA and ACS compared with HVs. Subgroup analyses showed that NBL1-Ab level was markedly higher in patients with severe OSA and OSA patients with a history of CAD. Weak associations were observed between NBL1-Ab level and apnea-hypopnea index, age, mean SpO2 and arousal index, whereas significantly higher NBL1-Ab levels were observed in OSA patients with a history of CAD than in those without a history of CAD. Sensitivity analysis using a logistic regression model also demonstrated that increased NBL1-Ab levels were associated with the previous history of CAD in patients with OSA. Conclusions Elevated NBL1-Ab levels may be associated with the prevalence of CAD in patients with OSA, which needs to be confirmed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Matsumura
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jiro Terada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Taku Kinoshita
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakurai
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Misuzu Yahaba
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsushima
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sakao
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kengo Nagashima
- Department of Global Clinical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Ozaki
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tatsumi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
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Goumans MJ, Zwijsen A, Ten Dijke P, Bailly S. Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Vascular Homeostasis and Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a031989. [PMID: 28348038 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a031989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that control of vascular morphogenesis and homeostasis is regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), Delta-like 4 (Dll4), angiopoietin, and ephrin signaling. It has become clear that signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which have a long history of studies in bone and early heart development, are also essential for regulating vascular function. Indeed, mutations that cause deregulated BMP signaling are linked to two human vascular diseases, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arterial hypertension. These observations are corroborated by data obtained with vascular cells in cell culture and in mouse models. BMPs are required for normal endothelial cell differentiation and for venous/arterial and lymphatic specification. In adult life, BMP signaling orchestrates neo-angiogenesis as well as vascular inflammation, remodeling, and calcification responses to shear and oxidative stress. This review emphasizes the pivotal role of BMPs in the vascular system, based on studies of mouse models and human vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - An Zwijsen
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Department of Human Genetics, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Bailly
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Mécale (INSERM), U1036, 38000 Grenoble, France.,Laboratoire Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France.,University of Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Cheng ZY, Ye T, Ling QY, Wu T, Wu GY, Zong GJ. Parathyroid hormone promotes osteoblastic differentiation of endothelial cells via the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1754-1760. [PMID: 29434762 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to cardiovascular dysfunction and mortality. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a crucial regulator of VC. High PTH serum levels constitute as a major risk factor for patients with CKD. However, the effect and mechanism of PTH on osteoblastic differentiation in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the role of PTH in VC was investigated using an in vitro calcification model. Endothelial cells were stimulated with PTH in the femto- to picomolar range. As determined by western blot analysis and ELISA, osteoblastic differentiation, as indicated by the BMP2 marker, occurred with maximum effect at 1×10-10 mmol/l PTH. The results indicate that PTH promotes osteoblastic differentiation of endothelial cells, as demonstrated by the increased expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2 and BMP4. In addition, western blot analysis revealed that PTH activated the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (Erk)1/2 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathways. However, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that inhibitors specific to Erk1/2 and NF-κB eradicated the effect of PTH treatment on BMP2, BMP4, ALP and RUNX2 expression. These results demonstrate that PTH promotes the osteoblastic differentiation of endothelial cells via the Erk1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways, which suggests a potential role of PTH in the promotion of VC. These findings provide an insight into the association between PTH and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Clinical Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214044, P.R. China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Clinical Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214044, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Yang Ling
- Department of Cardiology, 101 Hospital of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214044, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, 101 Hospital of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214044, P.R. China
| | - Gang-Yong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, 101 Hospital of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214044, P.R. China
| | - Gang-Jun Zong
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Clinical Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214044, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, 101 Hospital of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214044, P.R. China
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Detrimental effects of atherogenic and high fat diet on bone and aortic calcification rescued by an isoflavonoid Caviunin β-d-glucopyranoside. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:757-771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Mitrofan CG, Appleby SL, Nash GB, Mallat Z, Chilvers ER, Upton PD, Morrell NW. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and BMP10 enhance tumor necrosis factor-α-induced monocyte recruitment to the vascular endothelium mainly via activin receptor-like kinase 2. J Biol Chem 2017. [PMID: 28646109 PMCID: PMC5566526 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.778506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins 9 and 10 (BMP9/BMP10) are circulating cytokines with important roles in endothelial homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of BMP9 and BMP10 in mediating monocyte-endothelial interactions using an in vitro flow adhesion assay. Herein, we report that whereas BMP9/BMP10 alone had no effect on monocyte recruitment, at higher concentrations both cytokines synergized with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) to increase recruitment to the vascular endothelium. The BMP9/BMP10-mediated increase in monocyte recruitment in the presence of TNFα was associated with up-regulated expression levels of E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on endothelial cells. Using siRNAs to type I and II BMP receptors and the signaling intermediaries (Smads), we demonstrated a key role for ALK2 in the BMP9/BMP10-induced surface expression of E-selectin, and both ALK1 and ALK2 in the up-regulation of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. The type II receptors, BMPR-II and ACTR-IIA were both required for this response, as was Smad1/5. The up-regulation of cell surface adhesion molecules by BMP9/10 in the presence of TNFα was inhibited by LDN193189, which inhibits ALK2 but not ALK1. Furthermore, LDN193189 inhibited monocyte recruitment induced by TNFα and BMP9/10. BMP9/10 increased basal IκBα protein expression, but did not alter p65/RelA levels. Our findings suggest that higher concentrations of BMP9/BMP10 synergize with TNFα to induce the up-regulation of endothelial selectins and adhesion molecules, ultimately resulting in increased monocyte recruitment to the vascular endothelium. This process is mediated mainly via the ALK2 type I receptor, BMPR-II/ACTR-IIA type II receptors, and downstream Smad1/5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia-Gabriela Mitrofan
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ and
| | - Sarah L Appleby
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ and
| | - Gerard B Nash
- the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Ziad Mallat
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ and
| | - Edwin R Chilvers
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ and
| | - Paul D Upton
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ and
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ and
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RNAseq based transcriptomics study of SMCs from carotid atherosclerotic plaque: BMP2 and IDs proteins are crucial regulators of plaque stability. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3470. [PMID: 28615715 PMCID: PMC5471186 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery atherosclerosis is a risk factor to develop cerebrovascular disease. Atheroma plaque can become instable and provoke a cerebrovascular event or else remain stable as asymptomatic type. The exact mechanism involved in plaque destabilization is not known but includes among other events smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation. The goal of this study was to perform thorough analysis of gene expression differences in SMCs isolated from carotid symptomatic versus asymptomatic plaques. Comparative transcriptomics analysis of SMCs based on RNAseq technology identified 67 significant differentially expressed genes and 143 significant differentially expressed isoforms in symptomatic SMCs compared with asymptomatic. 37 of top-scoring genes were further validated by digital PCR. Enrichment and network analysis shows that the gene expression pattern of SMCs from stable asymptomatic plaques is suggestive for an osteogenic phenotype, while that of SMCs from unstable symptomatic plaque correlates with a senescence-like phenotype. Osteogenic-like phenotype SMCs may positively affect carotid atheroma plaque through participation in plaque stabilization via bone formation processes. On the other hand, plaques containing senescence-like phenotype SMCs may be more prone to rupture. Our results substantiate an important role of SMCs in carotid atheroma plaque disruption.
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Zheng WP, Yang M, Su LX, Ning Y, Wen WW, Xin MK, Zhao X, Zhang M. Association between plasma BMP-2 and in-stent restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 471:150-153. [PMID: 28558956 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the association between plasma bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) level and in-stent restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS A total of 96 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and were followed up after PCI were enrolled in this study. 47 patients diagnosed with in-stent restenosis (ISR) were recruited to ISR group and 49 patients without ISR were recruited to Control group according to the results of coronary angiography (CAG). Baseline characteristic data were collected, and plasma BMP-2 level was evaluated. The results were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS There were 47 patients in the ISR group and 49 patients in the Control group. Plasma levels of BMP-2 were higher in the ISR group than in the non-ISR group [20.96 (18.44, 27.05) pg/ml vs. 29.53 (25.03, 34.07) pg/ml, P<0.01]. Furthermore, the ISR group had significantly longer stent lengths and lower stent diameters than the Control group (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). In multivariate analysis, BMP-2 level, diabetes, stent length and stent diameter were independently associated with ISR [odds ratio (OR)=1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03-1.18, P<0.01; OR=4.75, 95% CI=(1.44-15.61), P=0.01; OR=1.06, 95% CI=(1.02-1.11), P<0.01; and OR=0.15, 95% CI=(0.02-0.95), P=0.04, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS Increased BMP-2 levels were independently associated with ISR in patients with coronary artery disease. Plasma BMP-2 may be useful in predicting ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Zheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Gerontology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Li-Xiao Su
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Yu Ning
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wan-Wan Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Man-Kun Xin
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China.
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Yahagi K, Kolodgie FD, Lutter C, Mori H, Romero ME, Finn AV, Virmani R. Pathology of Human Coronary and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis and Vascular Calcification in Diabetes Mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 37:191-204. [PMID: 27908890 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.306256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The continuing increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the general population is predicted to result in a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease. Although the mechanisms of diabetes mellitus-associated progression of atherosclerosis are not fully understood, at clinical and pathological levels, there is an appreciation of increased disease burden and higher levels of arterial calcification in these subjects. Plaques within the coronary arteries of patients with diabetes mellitus generally exhibit larger necrotic cores and significantly greater inflammation consisting mainly of macrophages and T lymphocytes relative to patients without diabetes mellitus. Moreover, there is a higher incidence of healed plaque ruptures and positive remodeling in hearts from subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggesting a more active atherogenic process. Lesion calcification in the coronary, carotid, and other arterial beds is also more extensive. Although the role of coronary artery calcification in identifying cardiovascular disease and predicting its outcome is undeniable, our understanding of how key hormonal and physiological alterations associated with diabetes mellitus such as insulin resistance and hyperglycemia influence the process of vascular calcification continues to grow. Important drivers of atherosclerotic calcification in diabetes mellitus include oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, alterations in mineral metabolism, increased inflammatory cytokine production, and release of osteoprogenitor cells from the marrow into the circulation. Our review will focus on the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus- and type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated vascular disease with particular focus on coronary and carotid atherosclerotic calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Yahagi
- From the CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (K.Y., F.D.K., C.L., H.M., M.E.R., A.V.F., R.V.); and University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.)
| | - Frank D Kolodgie
- From the CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (K.Y., F.D.K., C.L., H.M., M.E.R., A.V.F., R.V.); and University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.)
| | - Christoph Lutter
- From the CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (K.Y., F.D.K., C.L., H.M., M.E.R., A.V.F., R.V.); and University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.)
| | - Hiroyoshi Mori
- From the CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (K.Y., F.D.K., C.L., H.M., M.E.R., A.V.F., R.V.); and University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.)
| | - Maria E Romero
- From the CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (K.Y., F.D.K., C.L., H.M., M.E.R., A.V.F., R.V.); and University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.)
| | - Aloke V Finn
- From the CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (K.Y., F.D.K., C.L., H.M., M.E.R., A.V.F., R.V.); and University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.)
| | - Renu Virmani
- From the CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (K.Y., F.D.K., C.L., H.M., M.E.R., A.V.F., R.V.); and University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.).
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Sovershaev TA, Unruh D, Sveinbjørnsson B, Fallon JT, Hansen JB, Bogdanov VY, Sovershaev MA. A novel role of bone morphogenetic protein-7 in the regulation of adhesion and migration of human monocytic cells. Thromb Res 2016; 147:24-31. [PMID: 27669124 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 7 is abundant in atherosclerotic plaques and increases monocyte pro-coagulant activity by enhancing tissue factor (TF) expression. While several members of the BMP superfamily are able to serve as chemotactic agents for monocytes, the role of BMP-7 in regulation of monocyte motility is not known. AIMS To assess the effect of BMP-7 on adhesive and migratory properties of human monocytes. METHODS Chemokinesis, adhesion, and transendothelial migration of BMP-7-treated THP-1 cells and human monocytes were analysed using live-cell imaging, orbital shear, and Boyden chamber assays. Surface presentation of β2 integrins and phosphorylation status of Akt & focal adhesion kinase (FAK) were studied by flow cytometry and Western blot. RESULTS High levels of BMP-7 protein were detectable in intimal regions of atherosclerotic plaques; BMP-7 significantly enhanced THP-1 and monocyte chemokinetic properties in vitro (1.21+0.01 and 1.76+0.21 fold increase in crawling distance, respectively). Under orbital shear, adhesion of monocytic cells to microvascular endothelial cell (MVEC) monolayers was also significantly increased by BMP-7 (3.89+1.56 and 2.57+0.97 fold over vehicle). Moreover, BMP-7 accelerated transendothelial migration of THP-1 cells and monocytes towards MCP-1 (5.91+0.88 and 2.96±0.65 fold increase, respectively). BMP-7 enhanced cell surface presentation of β2 integrins in the active conformation. Observed effects were determined to be Akt and FAK dependent, as shown by pharmacological inhibition. CONCLUSION BMP-7 directly upregulates adhesion and migration of human monocytic cells via activation of β2 integrins, Akt, and FAK. Our findings suggest that BMP-7 may serve as a novel contributor to atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Sovershaev
- K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis and Expertise Center (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - D Unruh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - B Sveinbjørnsson
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - J T Fallon
- Department of Pathology, Westchester Medical Center/New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - J B Hansen
- K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis and Expertise Center (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, N-9038 Tromsø, Norway
| | - V Y Bogdanov
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| | - M A Sovershaev
- Section for Medical Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Northern Norway, N-9038 Tromsø, Norway
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Kennedy MW, Kaplan E, Hermanides RS, Fabris E, Hemradj V, Koopmans PC, Dambrink JHE, Marcel Gosselink AT, Van't Hof AWJ, Ottervanger JP, Roolvink V, Remkes WS, van der Sluis A, Suryapranata H, Kedhi E. Clinical outcomes of deferred revascularisation using fractional flow reserve in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:100. [PMID: 27431395 PMCID: PMC4950234 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Deferred revascularisation based upon fractional flow reserve (FFR >0.80) is associated with a low incidence of target lesion failure (TLF). Whether deferred revascularisation is also as safe in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients is unknown. Methods All DM patients and the next consecutive Non-DM patients who underwent a FFR-assessment between 1/01/2010 and 31/12/2013 were included, and followed until 1/07/2015. Patients with lesions FFR >0.80 were analysed according to the presence vs. absence of DM, while patients who underwent index revascularisation in FFR-assessed or other lesions were excluded. The primary endpoint was the incidence of TLF; a composite of target lesion revascularisation (TLR) and target vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI). Results A total of 250 patients (122 DM, 128 non-DM) who underwent deferred revascularisation of all lesions (FFR >0.80) were compared. At a mean follow up of 39.8 ± 16.3 months, DM patients compared to non-DM had a higher TLF rate, 18.1 vs 7.5 %, logrank p ≤ 0.01, Cox regression-adjusted HR 3.65 (95 % CI 1.40–9.53, p < 0.01), which was largely driven by a higher incidence of TLR (17.2 vs. 7.5 %, HR 3.52, 95 % CI 1.34–9.30, p = 0.01), whilst a non-significant but numerically higher incidence of TVMI (6.1 vs. 2.0 %, HR 3.34, 95 % CI 0.64–17.30, p = 0.15) was observed. Conclusions This study, the largest to directly compare the clinical outcomes of FFR-guided deferred revascularisation in patients with and without DM, shows that DM patients are associated with a significantly higher TLF rate. Whether intravascular imaging, additional invasive haemodynamics or stringent risk factor modification may impact on this higher TLF rate remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Kennedy
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands.,Diagram CRO, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Eliza Kaplan
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Rik S Hermanides
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico Fabris
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands.,Diagram CRO, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Veemal Hemradj
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan-Hank E Dambrink
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands.,Diagram CRO, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Vincent Roolvink
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter S Remkes
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Elvin Kedhi
- Isala Hartcentrum, Docter Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
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