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Liu H, Wang Y, Chang Q, Li Q, Fang J, Cao N, Tong X, Jiang X, Yu X, Cheng Y. Combined metabolome and transcriptome reveal HmF6'H1 regulating simple coumarin accumulation against powdery mildew infection in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:507. [PMID: 38844853 PMCID: PMC11155083 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Powdery mildew, caused by Eeysiphe heraclei, seriously threatens Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. Plant secondary metabolites are essential to many activities and are necessary for defense against biotic stress. In order to clarify the functions of these metabolites in response to the pathogen, our work concentrated on the variations in the accumulation of secondary metabolites in H. moellendorffii during E. heraclei infection. RESULTS Following E. heraclei infection, a significant upregulation of coumarin metabolites-particularly simple coumarins and associated genes was detected by RNA-seq and UPLC-MS/MS association analysis. Identifying HmF6'H1, a Feruloyl CoA 6'-hydroxylase pivotal in the biosynthesis of the coumarin basic skeleton through ortho-hydroxylation, was a significant outcome. The cytoplasmic HmF6'H1 protein was shown to be able to catalyze the ortho-hydroxylation of p-coumaroyl-CoA and caffeoyl-CoA, resulting in the formation of umbelliferone and esculetin, respectively. Over-expression of the HmF6'H1 gene resulted in increased levels of simple coumarins, inhibiting the biosynthesis of furanocoumarins and pyranocoumarins by suppressing PT gene expression, enhancing H. moellendorffii resistance to powdery mildew. CONCLUSIONS These results established HmF6'H1 as a resistance gene aiding H. moellendorffii in combatting E. heraclei infection, offering additional evidence of feruloyl-CoA 6'-hydroxylase role in catalyzing various types of simple coumarins. Therefore, this work contributes to our understanding of the function of simple coumarins in plants' defense against powdery mildew infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - QinZheng Chang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qiubi Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jiahui Fang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ning Cao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xuejiao Tong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xinmei Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xihong Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Lv Y, Chang J, Zhang W, Dong H, Chen S, Wang X, Zhao A, Zhang S, Alam MA, Wang S, Du C, Xu J, Wang W, Xu P. Improving Microbial Cell Factory Performance by Engineering SAM Availability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3846-3871. [PMID: 38372640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Methylated natural products are widely spread in nature. S-Adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) is the secondary abundant cofactor and the primary methyl donor, which confer natural products with structural and functional diversification. The increasing demand for SAM-dependent natural products (SdNPs) has motivated the development of microbial cell factories (MCFs) for sustainable and efficient SdNP production. Insufficient and unsustainable SAM availability hinders the improvement of SdNP MCF performance. From the perspective of developing MCF, this review summarized recent understanding of de novo SAM biosynthesis and its regulatory mechanism. SAM is just the methyl mediator but not the original methyl source. Effective and sustainable methyl source supply is critical for efficient SdNP production. We compared and discussed the innate and relatively less explored alternative methyl sources and identified the one involving cheap one-carbon compound as more promising. The SAM biosynthesis is synergistically regulated on multilevels and is tightly connected with ATP and NAD(P)H pools. We also covered the recent advancement of metabolic engineering in improving intracellular SAM availability and SdNP production. Dynamic regulation is a promising strategy to achieve accurate and dynamic fine-tuning of intracellular SAM pool size. Finally, we discussed the design and engineering constraints underlying construction of SAM-responsive genetic circuits and envisioned their future applications in developing SdNP MCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkun Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jinmian Chang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Bloomage Biotechnology Corporation Limited, 678 Tianchen Street, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Hanyu Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Song Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xian Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Anqi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Md Asraful Alam
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shilei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chaojun Du
- Nanyang Research Institute of Zhengzhou University, Nanyang Institute of Technology, No. 80 Changjiang Road, Nanyang 473004, China
| | - Jingliang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Weigao Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
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Singh L, Bhatti R. Signaling Pathways Involved in the Neuroprotective Effect of Osthole: Evidence and Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1100-1118. [PMID: 37682453 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a major threat to human health and are usually accompanied by progressive structural and functional loss of neurons. Abnormalities in synaptic plasticity are involved in neurodegenerative disorders. Aberrant cell signaling cascades play a predominant role in the initiation, progress as well as in the severity of these ailments. Notch signaling is a pivotal role in the maintenance of neural stem cells and also participates in neurogenesis. PI3k/Akt cascade regulates different biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. It regulates neurotoxicity and mediates the survival of neurons. Moreover, the activated BDNF/TrkB cascade is involved in promoting the transcription of genes responsible for cell survival and neurogenesis. Despite significant progress made in delineating the underlying pathological mechanisms involved and derangements in cellular metabolic promenades implicated in these diseases, satisfactory strategies for the clinical management of these ailments are yet to be achieved. Therefore, the molecules targeting these cell signaling cascades may emerge as useful leads in developing newer management strategies. Osthole is an important ingredient of traditional Chinese medicinal plants, often found in various plants of the Apiaceae family and has been observed to target these aforementioned mediators. Until now, no review has been aimed to discuss the possible molecular signaling cascades involved in osthole-mediated neuroprotection at one platform. The current review aimed to explore the interplay of various mediators and the modulation of the different molecular signaling cascades in osthole-mediated neuroprotection. This review could open new insights into research involving diseases of neuronal origin, especially the effect on neurodegeneration, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. The articles gathered to compose the current review were extracted by using the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases. A methodical approach was used to integrate and discuss all published original reports describing the modulation of different mediators by osthole to confer neuroprotection at one platform to provide possible molecular pathways. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 articles were included in the systematic review. Moreover, literature evidence was also used to construct the biosynthetic pathway of osthole. The current review reveals that osthole promotes neurogenesis and neuronal functioning via stimulation of Notch, BDNF/Trk, and P13k/Akt signaling pathways. It upregulates the expression of various proteins, such as BDNF, TrkB, CREB, Nrf-2, P13k, and Akt. Activation of Wnt by osthole, in turn, regulates downstream GSK-1β to inhibit tau phosphorylation and β-catenin degradation to prevent neuronal apoptosis. The activation of Wnt and inhibition of oxidative stress, Aβ, and GSK-3β mediated β-catenin degradation by osthole might also be involved in mediating the protection against neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, it also inhibits neuroinflammation by suppressing MAPK/NF-κB-mediated transcription of genes involved in the generation of inflammatory cytokines and NLRP-3 inflammasomes. This review delineates the various underlying signaling pathways involved in mediating the neuroprotective effect of osthole. Modulation of Notch, BDNF/Trk, MAPK/NF-κB, and P13k/Akt signaling pathways by osthole confers protection against neurodegenerative diseases. The preclinical effects of osthole suggest that it could be a valuable molecule in inspiring the development of new drugs for the management of neurodegenerative diseases and demands clinical studies to explore its potential. An effort has been made to unify the varied mechanisms and target sites involved in the neuroprotective effect of osthole. The comprehensive description of the molecular pathways in the present work reflects its originality and thoroughness. The reviewed literature findings may be extrapolated to suggest the role of othole as a "biological response modifier" which contributes to neuroprotection through kinase modulatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-oxidative activity, which is documented even at lower doses. The current review attempts to emphasize the gaps in the existing literature which can be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovedeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
| | - Rajbir Bhatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
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Wu B, Shi S, Zhang H, Lu B, Nan P, A Y. Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16508. [PMID: 38077428 PMCID: PMC10710134 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autotoxicity is an intraspecific manifestation of allelopathy in plant species. The specialized metabolites and their derivatives that cause intraspecific allelopathic inhibition in the plant are known as autotoxic substances. Consequently, autotoxic substances production seriously affects the renewal and stability of ecological communities. Methods This article systematically summarizes the types of autotoxic substances present in different plants. They mainly include phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and nitrogenous organic compounds. Phenolic coumarins are the main autotoxic substances in many plants. Therefore, we also discuss differences in coumarin types and content among plant varieties, developmental stages, and tissue parts, as well as their mechanisms of autotoxicity. In addition, we review the metabolic pathways involved in coumarin biosynthesis, the key enzymes, genes, and transcription factors, as well as factors affecting coumarin biosynthesis. Results Coumarin biosynthesis involves three stages: (1) the formation of the coumarin nucleus; (2) acylation, hydroxylation, and cyclization; (3) structural modification. The key enzymes involved in the coumarin nuclear formation stage include PAL, C4H, 4CL, HCT, CAOMT, COSY, F6'H, and CCoAOMT1, and the key genes involved include BGA, CYP450 and MDR, among others. Ortho-hydroxylation is a key step in coumarin biosynthesis and PS, COSY and S8H are the key enzymes involved in this process. Finally, UGTs are responsible for the glycosylation modification of coumarins, and the MaUGT gene may therefore be involved in coumarin biosynthesis. Conclusion It is important to elucidate the autotoxicity and anabolic mechanisms of coumarins to create new germplasms that produce fewer autotoxic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shangli Shi
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Baofu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Pan Nan
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yun A
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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5
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Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yan X. Reconstitution and Optimization of the Marmesin Biosynthetic Pathway in Yeast. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:2922-2933. [PMID: 37767718 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Marmesin is essential in plant defense systems and exhibits various biological activities. In this study, we reconstituted the marmesin biosynthetic pathway in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 chassis. We engineered the aromatic amino acid (AAA) biosynthetic pathways by introducing Escherichia coli-derived ppsA to improve the availability of the AAA precursor phosphoenolpyruvate, overexpressing the feedback inhibition resistance genes ARO4K229L and ARO7G141S to direct the metabolic flux toward the tyrosine branch, and deleting ARO10, PDC5, and PDC6 to reduce the byproducts from the Ehrlich pathway. The umbelliferone 6-dimethylallyltransferase (U6DT) and marmesin synthase (MS) involved in marmesin synthesis were optimized to increase marmesin production. Marmesin production was improved by truncating the transmembrane domains of PcU6DT, FcMS, and AtCPR1 and increasing the copy numbers of the genes encoding the truncated enzymes. Finally, a marmesin titer of 27.7 mg/L was obtained in shake flasks using the engineered yeast strain MU5. The constructed marmesin-producing strain provides the foundation for the green and large-scale production of pharmaceutically important furanocoumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Tramontina R, Ciancaglini I, Roman EKB, Chacón MG, Corrêa TLR, Dixon N, Bugg TDH, Squina FM. Sustainable biosynthetic pathways to value-added bioproducts from hydroxycinnamic acids. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12571-8. [PMID: 37212882 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The biorefinery concept, in which biomass is utilized for the production of fuels and chemicals, emerges as an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and renewable alternative to petrochemical-based production. The hydroxycinnamic acid fraction of lignocellulosic biomass represents an untapped source of aromatic molecules that can be converted to numerous high-value products with industrial applications, including in the flavor and fragrance sector and pharmaceuticals. This review describes several biochemical pathways useful in the development of a biorefinery concept based on the biocatalytic conversion of the hydroxycinnamic acids ferulic, caffeic, and p-coumaric acid into high-value molecules. KEY POINTS: • The phenylpropanoids bioconversion pathways in the context of biorefineries • Description of pathways from hydroxycinnamic acids to high-value compounds • Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology advance hydroxycinnamic acid-based biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Tramontina
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Processos Tecnológicos E Ambientais, Universidade de Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iara Ciancaglini
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellen K B Roman
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Micaela G Chacón
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Thamy L R Corrêa
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neil Dixon
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Timothy D H Bugg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- Programa de Processos Tecnológicos E Ambientais, Universidade de Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Islam MR, Chowdhury R, Roy AS, Islam MN, Mita MM, Bashar S, Saha P, Rahat RA, Hasan M, Akter MA, Alam MZ, Latif MA. Native Trichoderma Induced the Defense-Related Enzymes and Genes in Rice against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091864. [PMID: 37176922 PMCID: PMC10180545 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of Trichoderma is a form of biological control that has been effective in combating Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causative agent of the devastating disease known as bacterial blight of rice. In this present study, four strains of Trichoderma, viz., T. paraviridescens (BDISOF67), T. erinaceum (BDISOF91), T. asperellum (BDISOF08), and T. asperellum (BDISOF09), were collected from the rice rhizosphere and used to test their potentiality in reducing bacterial blight. The expression patterns of several core defense-related enzymes and genes related to SA and JA pathways were studied to explore the mechanism of induced resistance by those Trichoderma strains. The results primarily indicated that all Trichoderma were significantly efficient in reducing the lesion length of the leaf over rice check variety (IR24) through enhancing the expression of core defense-related enzymes, such as PAL, PPO, CAT, and POD activities by 4.27, 1.77, 3.53, and 1.57-fold, respectively, over control. Moreover, the results of qRT-PCR exhibited an upregulation of genes OsPR1, OsPR10, OsWRKY45, OsWRKY62, OsWRKY71, OsHI-LOX, and OsACS2 after 24 h of inoculation with all tested Trichoderma strains. However, in the case of RT-PCR, no major changes in OsPR1 and OsPR10 expression were observed in plants treated with different Trichoderma strains during different courses of time. Collectively, Trichoderma induced resistance in rice against X. oryzae pv. oryzae by triggering these core defense-related enzymes and genes associated with SA and JA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rashidul Islam
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Rabin Chowdhury
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Arpita Saha Roy
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazmul Islam
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mamuna Mahjabin Mita
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Samrin Bashar
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Plabon Saha
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Ridwan Ahmed Rahat
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Arjina Akter
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zahangir Alam
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Latif
- Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
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Chong Y, Kim BG, Park YJ, Yang Y, Lee SW, Lee Y, Ahn JH. Production of Four Flavonoid C-Glucosides in Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5302-5313. [PMID: 36952620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoid C-glucosides, which are found in several plant families, are characterized by several biological properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antibacterial, antihyperalgesic, antiviral, and antinociceptive activities. The biosynthetic pathway of flavonoid C-glucosides in plants has been elucidated. In the present study, a pathway was introduced to Escherichia coli to synthesize four flavonoid C-glucosides, namely, isovitexin, vitexin, kaempferol 6-C-glucoside, and kaempferol 8-C-glucoside. A five- or six-step metabolic pathway for synthesizing flavonoid aglycones from tyrosine was constructed and two regioselective flavonoid C-glycosyltransferases from Wasabia japonica (WjGT1) and Trollius chinensis (TcCGT) were used. Additionally, the best shikimate gene module construct was selected to maximize the titer of each C-glucoside flavonoid. Isovitexin (30.2 mg/L), vitexin (93.9 mg/L), kaempferol 6-C-glucoside (14.4 mg/L), and kaempferol 8-C-glucoside (38.6 mg/L) were synthesized using these approaches. The flavonoid C-glucosides synthesized in this study provide a basis for investigating and unraveling their novel biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Chong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Kim
- Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangman-do 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youri Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Won Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngshim Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Identification of a Novel Coumarins Biosynthetic Pathway in the Endophytic Fungus Fusarium oxysporum GU-7 with Antioxidant Activity. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0160122. [PMID: 36598487 PMCID: PMC9888266 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01601-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarins are generally considered to be produced by natural plants. Fungi have been reported to produce coumarins, but their biosynthetic pathways are still unknown. In this study, Fusarium oxysporum GU-7 and GU-60 were isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and their antioxidant activities were determined to be significantly different. Abundant dipeptide, phenolic acids, and the plant-derived coumarins fraxetin and scopoletin were identified in GU-7 by untargeted metabolomics, and these compounds may account for its stronger antioxidant activity compared to GU-60. Combined with metabolome and RNA sequencing analysis, we identified 24 potentially key genes involved in coumarin biosynthesis and 6 intermediate metabolites. Interestingly, the best hit of S8H, a key gene involved in hydroxylation at the C-8 position of scopoletin to yield fraxetin, belongs to a plant species. Additionally, nondestructive infection of G. uralensis seeds with GU-7 significantly improved the antioxidant activity of seedlings compared to the control group. This antioxidant activity may depend on the biological characteristics of endophytes themselves, as we observed a positive correlation between the antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi and that of their nondestructively infected seedlings. IMPORTANCE Plant-produced coumarins have been shown to play an important role in assembly of the plant microbiomes and iron acquisition. Coumarins can also be produced by some microorganisms. However, studies on coumarin biosynthesis in microorganisms are still lacking. We report for the first time that fraxetin and scopoletin were simultaneously produced by F. oxysporum GU-7 with strong free radical scavenging abilities. Subsequently, we identified intermediate metabolites and key genes in the biosynthesis of these two coumarins. This is the first report on the coumarin biosynthesis pathway in nonplant species, providing new strategies and perspectives for coumarin production and expanding research on new ways for plants to obtain iron.
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Sheng Q, Yi L, Zhong B, Wu X, Liu L, Zhang B. Shikimic acid biosynthesis in microorganisms: Current status and future direction. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 62:108073. [PMID: 36464143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Shikimic acid (SA), a hydroaromatic natural product, is used as a chiral precursor for organic synthesis of oseltamivir (Tamiflu®, an antiviral drug). The process of microbial production of SA has recently undergone vigorous development. Particularly, the sustainable construction of recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum (141.2 g/L) and Escherichia coli (87 g/L) laid a solid foundation for the microbial fermentation production of SA. However, its industrial application is restricted by limitations such as the lack of fermentation tests for industrial-scale and the requirement of growth-limiting factors, antibiotics, and inducers. Therefore, the development of SA biosensors and dynamic molecular switches, as well as genetic modification strategies and optimization of the fermentation process based on omics technology could improve the performance of SA-producing strains. In this review, recent advances in the development of SA-producing strains, including genetic modification strategies, metabolic pathway construction, and biosensor-assisted evolution, are discussed and critically reviewed. Finally, future challenges and perspectives for further reinforcing the development of robust SA-producing strains are predicted, providing theoretical guidance for the industrial production of SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sheng
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lingxin Yi
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Bin Zhong
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Liming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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11
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Huang Y, Zhai Y, Huang Y, Huang Y, Liu K, Zhang J, Zhou J. Effects of Light Intensity on Physiological Characteristics and Expression of Genes in Coumarin Biosynthetic Pathway of Angelica dahurica. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415912. [PMID: 36555551 PMCID: PMC9781474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are affected by changes in light and adaptation mechanisms can affect secondary metabolite synthesis. In this study, the physiological response and regulation of the coumarin biosynthetic pathway of Angelica dahurica to different light intensities (natural light (CK), shade rate 50% (L1), shade rate 70% (L2), and shade rate 90% (L3)) were examined. The chlorophyll content, level of the enzymes of the antioxidant system, extent of lipid peroxidation, and concentrations of the osmoregulatory solute levels were determined in potted plants. Root transcriptome under different light intensities was sequenced using high-throughput technology, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to coumarin biosynthesis were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). With increasing shade, Chl a, Chl b, Chl a + b, and Chl a/b content increased, while the Chl a/b ratio decreased. The antioxidant enzyme system activity and extent of membrane lipid peroxidation increased. The soluble protein (SP) and proline (Pro) content decreased with the reduction in the light intensity, and soluble sugar (SS) content was found to be highest at 50% shade. The RNA-seq analysis showed that 9388 genes were differentially expressed in the L3 group (7561 were upregulated and 1827 were downregulated). In both the L1 and L2 groups, DEGs were significantly enriched in "Ribosome biosynthesis"; meanwhile, in the L3 group, the DEGs were significantly enriched in "Amino and ribonucleotide sugar metabolism" in KEGG metabolic pathway analysis. Additionally, 4CL (TRINITY_DN40230_c0_g2) and COMT (TRINITY_DN21272_c0_g1) of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway were significantly downregulated in the L3 group. In conclusion, A. dahurica grew best under 50% shade and the secondary-metabolite coumarin biosynthetic pathway was inhibited by 90% shade, affecting the yield and quality of medicinal compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Huang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yongnan Zhai
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Ya Huang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yufeng Huang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jihai Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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12
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Liu ZH, Li BZ, Yuan JS, Yuan YJ. Creative biological lignin conversion routes toward lignin valorization. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1550-1566. [PMID: 36270902 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lignin, the largest renewable aromatic resource, is a promising alternative feedstock for the sustainable production of various chemicals, fuels, and materials. Despite this potential, lignin is characterized by heterogeneous and macromolecular structures that must be addressed. In this review, we present biological lignin conversion routes (BLCRs) that offer opportunities for overcoming these challenges, making lignin valorization feasible. Funneling heterogeneous aromatics via a 'biological funnel' offers a high-specificity bioconversion route for aromatic platform chemicals. The inherent aromaticity of lignin drives atom-economic functionalization routes toward aromatic natural product generation. By harnessing the ligninolytic capacities of specific microbial systems, powerful aromatic ring-opening routes can be developed to generate various value-added products. Thus, BLCRs hold the promise to make lignin valorization feasible and enable a lignocellulose-based bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Joshua S Yuan
- Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, The McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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13
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Rodrigues JL, Gomes D, Rodrigues LR. Challenges in the Heterologous Production of Furanocoumarins in Escherichia coli. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217230. [PMID: 36364054 PMCID: PMC9656933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarins and furanocoumarins are plant secondary metabolites with known biological activities. As they are present in low amounts in plants, their heterologous production emerged as a more sustainable and efficient approach to plant extraction. Although coumarins biosynthesis has been positively established, furanocoumarin biosynthesis has been far more challenging. This study aims to evaluate if Escherichia coli could be a suitable host for furanocoumarin biosynthesis. The biosynthetic pathway for coumarins biosynthesis in E. coli was effectively constructed, leading to the production of umbelliferone, esculetin and scopoletin (128.7, 17.6, and 15.7 µM, respectively, from tyrosine). However, it was not possible to complete the pathway with the enzymes that ultimately lead to furanocoumarins production. Prenyltransferase, psoralen synthase, and marmesin synthase did not show any activity when expressed in E. coli. Several strategies were tested to improve the enzymes solubility and activity with no success, including removing potential N-terminal transit peptides and expression of cytochrome P450 reductases, chaperones and/or enzymes to increase dimethylallylpyrophosphate availability. Considering the results herein obtained, E. coli does not seem to be an appropriate host to express these enzymes. However, new alternative microbial enzymes may be a suitable option for reconstituting the furanocoumarins pathway in E. coli. Nevertheless, until further microbial enzymes are identified, Saccharomyces cerevisiae may be considered a preferred host as it has already been proven to successfully express some of these plant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana L. Rodrigues
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-125-360-4423
| | - Daniela Gomes
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lígia R. Rodrigues
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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He BT, Liu ZH, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Advances in biosynthesis of scopoletin. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:152. [PMID: 35918699 PMCID: PMC9344664 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scopoletin is a typical example of coumarins, which can be produced in plants. Scopoletin acts as a precursor for pharmaceutical and health care products, and also possesses promising biological properties, including antibacterial, anti-tubercular, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-hyperuricemic activity. Despite the potential benefits, the production of scopoletin using traditional extraction processes from plants is unsatisfactory. In recent years, synthetic biology has developed rapidly and enabled the effective construction of microbial cell factories for production of high value-added chemicals. Herein, this review summarizes the progress of scopoletin biosynthesis in artificial microbial cell factories. The two main pathways of scopoletin biosynthesis are summarized firstly. Then, synthetic microbial cell factories are reviewed as an attractive improvement strategy for biosynthesis. Emerging techniques in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering are introduced as innovative tools for the efficient synthesis of scopoletin. This review showcases the potential of biosynthesis of scopoletin in artificial microbial cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Tao He
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
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PyMiner: A method for metabolic pathway design based on the uniform similarity of substrate-product pairs and conditional search. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266783. [PMID: 35404943 PMCID: PMC9000129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic pathway design is an essential step in the course of constructing an efficient microbial cell factory to produce high value-added chemicals. Meanwhile, the computational design of biologically meaningful metabolic pathways has been attracting much attention to produce natural and non-natural products. However, there has been a lack of effective methods to perform metabolic network reduction automatically. In addition, comprehensive evaluation indexes for metabolic pathway are still relatively scarce. Here, we define a novel uniform similarity to calculate the main substrate-product pairs of known biochemical reactions, and develop further an efficient metabolic pathway design tool named PyMiner. As a result, the redundant information of general metabolic network (GMN) is eliminated, and the number of substrate-product pairs is shown to decrease by 81.62% on average. Considering that the nodes in the extracted metabolic network (EMN) constructed in this work is large in scale but imbalanced in distribution, we establish a conditional search strategy (CSS) that cuts search time in 90.6% cases. Compared with state-of-the-art methods, PyMiner shows obvious advantages and demonstrates equivalent or better performance on 95% cases of experimentally verified pathways. Consequently, PyMiner is a practical and effective tool for metabolic pathway design.
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Osthole: an overview of its sources, biological activities, and modification development. Med Chem Res 2021; 30:1767-1794. [PMID: 34376964 PMCID: PMC8341555 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osthole, also known as osthol, is a coumarin derivative found in several medicinal plants such as Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens. It can be obtained via extraction and separation from plants or total synthesis. Plenty of experiments have suggested that osthole exhibited multiple biological activities covering antitumor, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, osteogenic, cardiovascular protective, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic activities. In addition, there has been some research done on the optimization and modification of osthole. This article summarizes the comprehensive information regarding the sources and modification progress of osthole. It also introduces the up-to-date biological activities of osthole, which could be of great value for its use in future research. ![]()
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Zhang S, Tan X, Liang C, Zhang W. Design, synthesis, and antifungal evaluation of novel
coumarin‐pyrrole
hybrids. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Xin Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Chaogen Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
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Jain A, Chatterjee A, Das S. Synergistic consortium of beneficial microorganisms in rice rhizosphere promotes host defense to blight-causing Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. PLANTA 2020; 252:106. [PMID: 33205288 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice plants primed with beneficial microbes Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Aspergillus spinulosporus with biocontrol potential against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, provided protection from disease by reprogramming host defence response under pathogen challenge. Plant-beneficial microbe interactions taking place in the rhizosphere are widely used for growth promotion and mitigation of biotic stresses in plants. The present study aims to evaluate the defense network induced by beneficial microorganisms in the rice rhizosphere, and the three-way interaction involved upon inoculation with dreadful bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Differential expression of defense-related enzymes, proteins, and genes in rice variety Swarna primed with a microbial consortium of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Aspergillus spinulosporus were quantified in the presence and absence of Xoo. The time-based expression profile alterations in leaves under the five distinct treatments "(unprimed unchallenged, unprimed Xoo challenged, B. amyloliquefaciens primed and challenged, A. spinulosporus primed and challenged, B. amyloliquefaciens and A. spinulosporus consortium primed and challenged)" revealed differential early upregulation of SOD, PAL, PO, PPO activities and TPC content in beneficial microbes primed plants in comparison to unprimed challenged plants. The enhanced defense response in all the rice plants recruited with beneficial microbe was also reflected by reduced plant mortality and an increased plant dry biomass and chlorophyll content. Also, more than 550 protein spots were observed per gel by PD Quest software, a total of 55 differentially expressed protein spots were analysed used MALDI-TOF MS, out of which 48 spots were recognized with a significant score with direct or supporting roles in stress alleviation and disease resistance. qRT-PCR was carried out to compare the biochemical and proteomic data to mRNA levels. We conclude that protein biogenesis and alleviated resistance response may contribute to improved biotic stress adaptation. These results might accelerate the functional regulation of the Xoo-receptive proteins in the presence of beneficial rhizospheric microbes and their computation as promising molecular markers for superior disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Jain
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Anwesha Chatterjee
- Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Sampa Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India.
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Shi Y, Zhang S, Peng D, Shan C, Zhao L, Wang B, Wu J. De novo transcriptome analysis of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss and detection of genes related to coumarin biosynthesis. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10157. [PMID: 33194397 PMCID: PMC7651471 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss (C. monnieri) is one of the most widely used traditional herbal medicines, exhibiting a wide range of pharmacological functions for treating asynodia, trichomonas vaginitis, and osphyalgia. Its important medicinal value comes from its abundance of coumarins. To identify genes involved in coumarin biosynthesis and accumulation, we analyzed transcriptome data from flower, leaf, root and stem tissues of C. monnieri. A total of 173,938 unigenes with a mean length of 1,272 bp, GC content of 38.79%, and N50 length of 2,121 bp were assembled using the Trinity program. Of these, 119,177 unigenes were annotated in public databases. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on expression profile analysis. These DEGs exhibited higher expression levels in flower tissue than in leaf, stem or root tissues. We identified and analyzed numerous genes encoding enzymes involved in coumarin biosynthesis, and verified genes encoding key enzymes using quantitative real-time PCR. Our transcriptome data will make great contributions to research on C. monnieri and provide clues for identifying candidate genes involved in coumarin metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shi
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shengxiang Zhang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, China
| | - Chunmiao Shan
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Liqiang Zhao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, China
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21
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Alvarez-Gonzalez G, Dixon N. Genetically encoded biosensors for lignocellulose valorization. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:246. [PMID: 31636705 PMCID: PMC6792243 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Modern society is hugely dependent on finite oil reserves for the supply of fuels and chemicals. Moving our dependence away from these unsustainable oil-based feedstocks to renewable ones is, therefore, a critical factor towards the development of a low carbon bioeconomy. Lignin derived from biomass feedstocks offers great potential as a renewable source of aromatic compounds if methods for its effective valorization can be developed. Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering offer the potential to synergistically enable the development of cell factories with novel biosynthetic routes to valuable chemicals from these sustainable sources. Pathway design and optimization is, however, a major bottleneck due to the lack of high-throughput methods capable of screening large libraries of genetic variants and the metabolic burden associated with bioproduction. Genetically encoded biosensors can provide a solution by transducing the target metabolite concentration into detectable signals to provide high-throughput phenotypic read-outs and allow dynamic pathway regulation. The development and application of biosensors in the discovery and engineering of efficient biocatalytic processes for the degradation, conversion, and valorization of lignin are paving the way towards a sustainable and economically viable biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neil Dixon
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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22
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Vanholme R, Sundin L, Seetso KC, Kim H, Liu X, Li J, De Meester B, Hoengenaert L, Goeminne G, Morreel K, Haustraete J, Tsai HH, Schmidt W, Vanholme B, Ralph J, Boerjan W. COSY catalyses trans-cis isomerization and lactonization in the biosynthesis of coumarins. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:1066-1075. [PMID: 31501530 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins, also known as 1,2-benzopyrones, comprise a large class of secondary metabolites that are ubiquitously found throughout the plant kingdom. In many plant species, coumarins are particularly important for iron acquisition and plant defence. Here, we show that COUMARIN SYNTHASE (COSY) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of coumarins. Arabidopsis thaliana cosy mutants have strongly reduced levels of coumarin and accumulate o-hydroxyphenylpropanoids instead. Accordingly, cosy mutants have reduced iron content and show growth defects when grown under conditions in which there is a limited availability of iron. Recombinant COSY is able to produce umbelliferone, esculetin and scopoletin from their respective o-hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA thioesters by two reaction steps-a trans-cis isomerization followed by a lactonization. This conversion happens partially spontaneously and is catalysed by light, which explains why the need for an enzyme for this conversion has been overlooked. The combined results show that COSY has an essential function in the biosynthesis of coumarins in organs that are shielded from light, such as roots. These findings provide routes to improving coumarin production in crops or by microbial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Vanholme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Sundin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Keletso Carol Seetso
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, the Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Meester
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lennart Hoengenaert
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Goeminne
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Metabolomics Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Morreel
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jurgen Haustraete
- Protein Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Huei-Hsuan Tsai
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bartel Vanholme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Ralph
- Department of Biochemistry and the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, the Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Wout Boerjan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
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Zhang T, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huo F, Li Z, Zeng Q, He H, Li X. Theoretical Insights Into the Depolymerization Mechanism of Lignin to Methyl p-hydroxycinnamate by [Bmim][FeCl 4] Ionic Liquid. Front Chem 2019; 7:446. [PMID: 31275927 PMCID: PMC6591258 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Depolymerization of lignin into valuable aromatic compounds is an important starting point for its valorization strategies, which requires the cleavage of C-O and C-C bonds between lignin monomer units. The catalytic cleavage of these bonds is still difficult and challenging. Our previous experimental investigation (Green Chem., 2018, 20: 3743) has shown that methyl p-hydroxycinnamate (MPC) can be produced from molecular tailoring of H unit in lignin by the cleavage of the γ-O ester bond. In this study, the mechanism of [Bmim][FeCl4]-catalyzed depolymerization of lignin was investigated by using the density functional theory (DFT) method. The results reveal that [FeCl4]- anion of the catalyst plays a decisive role in the whole catalytic process, where two possible activation modes including three different potential reaction pathways can realize the depolymerization of lignin model compound. The calculated overall barriers of the catalytic conversion along these potential routes show that the third potential pathway, i.e., methanol firstly activated by [Bmim][FeCl4], has the most probability with the lowest energy barrier, while the second pathway is excluded because the energy barrier is too high. Also, the results illustrate that the solvent effect is beneficial to the reduction of the relative energy for the reaction to form the transition states. Hence, the obtained molecular level information can identify the favorable conversion process catalyzed by metallic ionic liquids to a certain extent, and it is desirable to enhance the utilization of biomass as a ubiquitous feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Zhao Y, Jian X, Wu J, Huang W, Huang C, Luo J, Kong L. Elucidation of the biosynthesis pathway and heterologous construction of a sustainable route for producing umbelliferone. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:44. [PMID: 31139252 PMCID: PMC6530170 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coumarins play roles in many biological processes. Angelica decursiva is one of the major sources of coumarins in China. Due to increasing demand for coumarins in the marketplace, traditional extraction from plants is now considered economically insufficient and unsustainable. Microbial synthesis is a promising strategy for scalable production of coumarins. However, the biosynthetic pathway of coumarin remains poorly understood, and even more, the genes associated with this process have not been characterized in A. decursiva. Results RNA-seq was employed to elucidate the umbelliferone biosynthetic pathway. The results indicated that three enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-Coumarate: Coenzyme A Ligase (4CL), and p-coumaroyl CoA 2'-hydroxylase (C2'H) were involved in umbelliferone biosynthesis. Using the cloned genes, we generated a synthetic biology based microbial cell factory that produces coumarins from tyrosine utilizing Rhodotorula glutinis tyrosine ammonia lyase (RgTAL) to bypass cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C4H). With metabolic engineering strategies, we deleted prephenate dehydratase (pheA), anthranilate synthase (trpE) and transcriptional regulatory protein (tyrR) and overexpressed six related genes involved in tyrosine biosynthesis, to drive the carbon flux from tyrosine. To overcome the limitation of 4CL, a virtual screening and site-specific mutagenesis-based protein engineering approach was applied. In addition, induction/culture conditions and different ions were employed to further improve the yield of umbelliferone. Finally, a yield of 356.59 mg/L umbelliferone was obtained. Conclusions The current study elucidated the umbelliferone biosynthesis pathway in A. decursiva. The results also demonstrated the feasibility of integrating gene mining with synthetic biology techniques to produce natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyun Jian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Wanchun Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlong Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People's Republic of China
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Kallscheuer N, Classen T, Drepper T, Marienhagen J. Production of plant metabolites with applications in the food industry using engineered microorganisms. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 56:7-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pyne ME, Narcross L, Martin VJJ. Engineering Plant Secondary Metabolism in Microbial Systems. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:844-861. [PMID: 30643013 PMCID: PMC6393802 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
An overview of common challenges and strategies underlying efforts to reconstruct plant isoprenoid, alkaloid, phenylpropanoid, and polyketide biosynthetic pathways in microbial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Pyne
- Department of Biology, Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lauren Narcross
- Department of Biology, Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent J J Martin
- Department of Biology, Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Zhang R, Li C, Wang J, Yang Y, Yan Y. Microbial production of small medicinal molecules and biologics: From nature to synthetic pathways. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2219-2231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Stefanachi A, Leonetti F, Pisani L, Catto M, Carotti A. Coumarin: A Natural, Privileged and Versatile Scaffold for Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2018; 23:E250. [PMID: 29382051 PMCID: PMC6017103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many naturally occurring substances, traditionally used in popular medicines around the world, contain the coumarin moiety. Coumarin represents a privileged scaffold for medicinal chemists, because of its peculiar physicochemical features, and the versatile and easy synthetic transformation into a large variety of functionalized coumarins. As a consequence, a huge number of coumarin derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and tested to address many pharmacological targets in a selective way, e.g., selective enzyme inhibitors, and more recently, a number of selected targets (multitarget ligands) involved in multifactorial diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In this review an overview of the most recent synthetic pathways leading to mono- and polyfunctionalized coumarins will be presented, along with the main biological pathways of their biosynthesis and metabolic transformations. The many existing and recent reviews in the field prompted us to make some drastic selections, and therefore, the review is focused on monoamine oxidase, cholinesterase, and aromatase inhibitors, and on multitarget coumarins acting on selected targets of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Stefanachi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Leonetti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco Catto
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Angelo Carotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
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Recent advances in microbial production of aromatic natural products and their derivatives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:47-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Wang J, Mahajani M, Jackson SL, Yang Y, Chen M, Ferreira EM, Lin Y, Yan Y. Engineering a bacterial platform for total biosynthesis of caffeic acid derived phenethyl esters and amides. Metab Eng 2017; 44:89-99. [PMID: 28943460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Caffeic acid has been widely recognized as a versatile pharmacophore for synthesis of new chemical entities, among which caffeic acid derived phenethyl esters and amides are the most extensively-investigated bioactive compounds with potential therapeutical applications. However, the natural biosynthetic routes for caffeic acid derived phenethyl esters or amides remain enigmatic, limiting their bio-based production. Herein, product-directed design of biosynthetic schemes allowed the development of thermodynamically favorable pathways for these compounds via acyltransferase (ATF) mediated trans-esterification. Production based screening identified a microbial O-ATF from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a plant N-ATF from Capsicum annuum capable of forming caffeic acid derived esters and amides, respectively. Subsequent combinatorial incorporation of caffeic acid with various aromatic alcohol or amine biosynthetic pathways permitted the de novo bacterial production of a panel of caffeic acid derived phenethyl esters or amides in Escherichia coli for the first time. Particularly, host strain engineering via systematic knocking out endogenous caffeoyl-CoA degrading thioesterase and pathway optimization via titrating co-substrates enabled production enhancement of five caffeic acid derived phenethyl esters and amides, with titers ranging from 9.2 to 369.1mg/L. This platform expanded the capabilities of bacterial production of high-value natural aromatic esters and amides from renewable carbon source via tailoring non-natural biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Sheneika L Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yaping Yang
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Mengyin Chen
- BiotecEra Inc., 220 Riverbend Rd., Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Eric M Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yuheng Lin
- BiotecEra Inc., 220 Riverbend Rd., Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Yajun Yan
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Menon BRK, Brandenburger E, Sharif HH, Klemstein U, Shepherd SA, Greaney MF, Micklefield J. RadH: A Versatile Halogenase for Integration into Synthetic Pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11841-11845. [PMID: 28722773 PMCID: PMC5637929 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Flavin-dependent halogenases are useful enzymes for providing halogenated molecules with improved biological activity, or intermediates for synthetic derivatization. We demonstrate how the fungal halogenase RadH can be used to regioselectively halogenate a range of bioactive aromatic scaffolds. Site-directed mutagenesis of RadH was used to identify catalytic residues and provide insight into the mechanism of fungal halogenases. A high-throughput fluorescence screen was also developed, which enabled a RadH mutant to be evolved with improved properties. Finally we demonstrate how biosynthetic genes from fungi, bacteria, and plants can be combined to encode a new pathway to generate a novel chlorinated coumarin "non-natural" product in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binuraj R. K. Menon
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Eileen Brandenburger
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Humera H. Sharif
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Ulrike Klemstein
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Sarah A. Shepherd
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Michael F. Greaney
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Jason Micklefield
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
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Menon BRK, Brandenburger E, Sharif HH, Klemstein U, Shepherd SA, Greaney MF, Micklefield J. RadH: A Versatile Halogenase for Integration into Synthetic Pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binuraj R. K. Menon
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Eileen Brandenburger
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Humera H. Sharif
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Ulrike Klemstein
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Sarah A. Shepherd
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Michael F. Greaney
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Jason Micklefield
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
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Luo K, Wu F, Zhang D, Dong R, Fan Z, Zhang R, Yan Z, Wang Y, Zhang J. Transcriptomic profiling of Melilotus albus near-isogenic lines contrasting for coumarin content. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4577. [PMID: 28676637 PMCID: PMC5496894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarin and its derivatives are widely used as fragrances in industrial products and have medical value. The goal of the present study was to discover genes and pathways related to coumarin biosynthesis in Melilotus albus using transcriptome analysis. The genes of five M. albus near-isogenic lines (NILs) that had different coumarin content and β-glucosidase activity according to the investigation of pedigree were quantified and then analysed by RNA-Seq. Using transcriptome analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in two pairwise comparisons that differed in coumarin content as well as in two pairwise comparisons that differed in β-glucosidase activity. Gene expression pattern analysis suggested similar transcriptional trends in the genotypes with the same coumarin levels. Furthermore, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database of DEGs was used to identify functional pathways associated with coumarin biosynthesis. We identified 111 unigenes, with several DEGs among them possibly being related to coumarin synthesis pathways. Unigenes encoding a hexokinase, an abscisic acid receptor, a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and two peroxidases particularly showed correspondence with the coumarin content of different genotypes. These results will contribute to a better understanding of the coumarin biosynthesis in M. albus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Daiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Rui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Yanrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
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Chu LL, Pandey RP, Lim HN, Jung HJ, Thuan NH, Kim TS, Sohng JK. Synthesis of umbelliferone derivatives in Escherichia coli and their biological activities. J Biol Eng 2017; 11:15. [PMID: 28396694 PMCID: PMC5382406 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbelliferone, also known as 7-hydroxycoumarin, is a phenolic metabolite found in many familiar plants. Its derivatives have been shown to have various pharmacological and chemo-preventive effects on human health. A uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase YjiC from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13, a cytochrome P450BM3 (CYP450 BM3) variant namely mutant 13 (M13) from Bacillus megaterium, and an O-methyltransferase from Streptomyces avermitilis (SaOMT2) were used for modifications of umbelliferone. RESULTS Three umbelliferone derivatives (esculetin, skimmin, and herniarin) were generated through enzymatic and whole cell catalysis. To improve the efficiencies of biotransformation, different media, incubation time and concentration of substrate were optimized and the production was scaled up using a 3-L fermentor. The maximum yields of esculetin, skimmin, and herniarin were 337.10 μM (67.62%), 995.43 μM (99.54%), and 37.13 μM (37.13%), respectively. The water solubility of esculetin and skimmin were 1.28-folds and 3.98-folds as high as umbelliferone, respectively, whereas herniarin was 1.89-folds less soluble than umbelliferone. Moreover, the antibacterial and anticancer activities of herniarin showed higher than umbelliferone, esculetin and skimmin. CONCLUSIONS This study proves that both native and engineered enzymes could be employed for the production of precious compounds via whole cell biocatalysis. We successfully produced three molecules herniarin, esculetin and skimmin in practical amounts and their antibacterial and anticancer properties were accessed. One of the newly synthesized molecules the present research suggests that the combinatorial biosynthesis of different biosynthetic enzymes could rapidly promote to a novel secondary metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Luong Chu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea
| | - Ramesh Prasad Pandey
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea.,Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea
| | - Haet Nim Lim
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jung
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea.,Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Huy Thuan
- Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, K7/25 Quang Trung, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Tae-Su Kim
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea.,Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460 Republic of Korea
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Becker J, Wittmann C. Systems metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the heterologous production of high value molecules — a veteran at new shores. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 42:178-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cho AR, Lee SJ, Kim BG, Ahn JH. Biosynthesis of three N-acetylaminosugar-conjugated flavonoids using engineered Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:182. [PMID: 27776529 PMCID: PMC5078965 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nucleotide sugars serve as sugar donors for the synthesis of various glycones. The biological and chemical properties of glycones can be altered depending which sugar is attached. Bacteria synthesize unusual nucleotide sugars. A novel nucleotide sugar can be synthesized in Escherichia coli by introducing nucleotide biosynthetic genes from other microorganisms into E. coli. The engineered E. coli strains can be used as a platform for the synthesis of novel glycones. Results Four genes, Pdeg (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine C4,6-dehydratase), Preq (UDP-4-reductase), UDP-GlcNAc 6-DH (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 6-dehydrogenase), and UXNAcS (UDP-N-acetylxylosamine synthase), were employed to synthesize UDP-quinovosamine, UDP-N-acetylglucosaminuronic acid, and UDP-N-acetylxylosamine in E. coli. We engineered an E. coli nucleotide sugar biosynthetic pathway to increase the pool of substrate for the target nucleotide sugars. Uridine diphosphate dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) was also selected and introduced into E. coli. Using engineered E. coli, high levels of three novel flavonoid glycosides were obtained; 158.3 mg/L quercetin 3-O-(N-acetyl)quinovosamine, 172.5 mg/L luteolin 7-O-(N-acetyl)glucosaminuronic acid, and 160.8 mg/L quercetin 3-O-(N-acetyl)xylosamine. Conclusions We reconstructed an E. coli nucleotide pathway for the synthesis of UDP-quinovosamine, UDP-N-acetylglucosaminuronic acid and UDP-N-acetylxylosamine in an E. coli galU (UDP-glucose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase) or pgm (phosphoglucomutase) deletion mutant. Using engineered E. coli strains harboring a specific UGT, three novel flavonoids glycones were synthesized. The E. coli strains used in this study can be used for the synthesis of diverse glycones. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0582-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ra Cho
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea
| | - Bong Gyu Kim
- Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju, Gyeongsangman-do, 660-758, South Korea
| | - Joong-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea.
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Becker J, Gießelmann G, Hoffmann SL, Wittmann C. Corynebacterium glutamicum for Sustainable Bioproduction: From Metabolic Physiology to Systems Metabolic Engineering. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 162:217-263. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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