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Rahman MA, Liu J. A genome-wide association study coupled with machine learning approaches to identify influential demographic and genomic factors underlying Parkinson's disease. Front Genet 2023; 14:1230579. [PMID: 37842648 PMCID: PMC10570619 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1230579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the recent success of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in identifying 90 independent risk loci for Parkinson's disease (PD), the genomic underpinning of PD is still largely unknown. At the same time, accurate and reliable predictive models utilizing genomic or demographic features are desired in the clinic for predicting the risk of Parkinson's disease. Methods: To identify influential demographic and genomic factors associated with PD and to further develop predictive models, we utilized demographic data, incorporating 200 variables across 33,473 participants, along with genomic data involving 447,089 SNPs across 8,840 samples, both derived from the Fox Insight online study. We first applied correlation and GWAS analyses to find the top demographic and genomic factors associated with PD, respectively. We further developed and compared a variety of machine learning (ML) models for predicting PD. From the developed ML models, we performed feature importance analysis to reveal the predictability of each demographic or the genomic input feature for PD. Finally, we performed gene set enrichment analysis on our GWAS results to identify PD-associated pathways. Results: In our study, we identified both novel and well-known demographic and genetic factors (along with the enriched pathways) related to PD. In addition, we developed predictive models that performed robustly, with AUC = 0.89 for demographic data and AUC = 0.74 for genomic data. Our GWAS analysis identified several novel and significant variants and gene loci, including three intron variants in LMNA (p-values smaller than 4.0e-21) and one missense variant in SEMA4A (p-value = 1.11e-26). Our feature importance analysis from the PD-predictive ML models highlighted some significant and novel variants from our GWAS analysis (e.g., the intron variant rs1749409 in the RIT1 gene) and helped identify potentially causative variants that were missed by GWAS, such as rs11264300, a missense variant in the gene DCST1, and rs11584630, an intron variant in the gene KCNN3. Conclusion: In summary, by combining a GWAS with advanced machine learning models, we identified both known and novel demographic and genomic factors as well as built well-performing ML models for predicting Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Asad Rahman
- Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
| | - Jinling Liu
- Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
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Sugiyama Y, Takata K, Kinoshita M, Motooka D, Shiraishi N, Kihara K, Murata H, Beppu S, Koda T, Yamashita K, Namba A, Fujimoto K, Kumanogoh A, Okuno T, Mochizuki H. Food additive succinate exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis accompanied by increased IL-1β production. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 656:97-103. [PMID: 36958260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Sugiyama
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazushiro Takata
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Shiraishi
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keigo Kihara
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Murata
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Beppu
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Koda
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamashita
- Japan Community Health Care Organization Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Namba
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Neurology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Fujimoto
- Department of Immunology and Genomics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Osaka, Japan; Division of Metagenome Medicine, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Innate Immune Regulation, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsusada Okuno
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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The possible involvement of sema3A and sema4A in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol 2022; 238:109017. [PMID: 35460904 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune semaphorins are widely accepted to have functional impact on autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVES To assess the status of sema3A and sema4A in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). RESULTS Sema3A expression on (T regulatory cells)Tregs was decreased in MS patients, compared to healthy controls (35.85 ± 16.7% vs 88.27 ± 3.8%; p ≤ 0.001). Serum levels of sema3A were decreased in MS patients 2.95 ± 0.43 vs 18.67 ± 5.7 ng/ml in healthy individuals; p ≤ 0.001. Sema4A serum levels were increased in MS patients compared to healthy individuals (12.99 ± 8.6 vs 5.83 ± 3.91 ng/ml; p ≤ 0.001). Sema3A and sema4A serum levels were found to be in negative/positive correlation with MS disease severity (rs = 0.62, rs = -0.49, respectively). CONCLUSION We show that sema3A is a regulatory molecule in MS, whereas sema4A is a stimulatory one. Targeting sema3A and sema4A could become a potential therapeutic approach in MS.
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Romhányi D, Szabó K, Kemény L, Sebestyén E, Groma G. Transcriptional Analysis-Based Alterations Affecting Neuritogenesis of the Peripheral Nervous System in Psoriasis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:111. [PMID: 35054504 PMCID: PMC8778302 DOI: 10.3390/life12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing amount of evidence indicates the critical role of the cutaneous nervous system in the initiation and maintenance of psoriatic skin lesions by neurogenic inflammation. However, molecular mechanisms affecting cutaneous neurons are largely uncharacterized. Therefore, we reanalyzed a psoriatic RNA sequencing dataset from published transcriptome experiments of nearly 300 individuals. Using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software, we associated several hundreds of differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) to nervous system development and functions. Since neuronal projections were previously reported to be affected in psoriasis, we performed an in-depth analysis of neurite formation-related process. Our in silico analysis suggests that SEMA-PLXN and ROBO-DCC-UNC5 regulating axonal growth and repulsion are differentially affected in non-lesional and lesional skin samples. We identified opposing expressional alterations in secreted ligands for axonal guidance signaling (RTN4/NOGOA, NTNs, SEMAs, SLITs) and non-conventional axon guidance regulating ligands, including WNT5A and their receptors, modulating axon formation. These differences in neuritogenesis may explain the abnormal cutaneous nerve filament formation described in psoriatic skin. The processes also influence T-cell activation and infiltration, thus highlighting an additional angle of the crosstalk between the cutaneous nervous system and the immune responses in psoriasis pathogenesis, in addition to the known neurogenic pro-inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Romhányi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-University of Szeged Skin Research Group (HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group), University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-University of Szeged Skin Research Group (HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group), University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Endre Sebestyén
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Gergely Groma
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Grigg JB, Shanmugavadivu A, Regen T, Parkhurst CN, Ahmed A, Joseph AM, Mazzucco M, Gronke K, Diefenbach A, Eberl G, Vartanian T, Waisman A, Sonnenberg GF. Antigen-presenting innate lymphoid cells orchestrate neuroinflammation. Nature 2021; 600:707-712. [PMID: 34853467 PMCID: PMC8702489 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory T cells in the central nervous system (CNS) are causally associated with multiple demyelinating and neurodegenerative diseases1-6, but the pathways that control these responses remain unclear. Here we define a population of inflammatory group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) that infiltrate the CNS in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. These ILC3s are derived from the circulation, localize in proximity to infiltrating T cells in the CNS, function as antigen-presenting cells that restimulate myelin-specific T cells, and are increased in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Notably, antigen presentation by inflammatory ILC3s is required to promote T cell responses in the CNS and the development of multiple-sclerosis-like disease in mouse models. By contrast, conventional and tissue-resident ILC3s in the periphery do not appear to contribute to disease induction, but instead limit autoimmune T cell responses and prevent multiple-sclerosis-like disease when experimentally targeted to present myelin antigen. Collectively, our data define a population of inflammatory ILC3s that is essential for directly promoting T-cell-dependent neuroinflammation in the CNS and reveal the potential of harnessing peripheral tissue-resident ILC3s for the prevention of autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Grigg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arthi Shanmugavadivu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tommy Regen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christopher N Parkhurst
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anees Ahmed
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ann M Joseph
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Mazzucco
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Konrad Gronke
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerard Eberl
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Timothy Vartanian
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Unraveling Axon Guidance during Axotomy and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158344. [PMID: 34361110 PMCID: PMC8347220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During neuronal development and regeneration axons extend a cytoskeletal-rich structure known as the growth cone, which detects and integrates signals to reach its final destination. The guidance cues “signals” bind their receptors, activating signaling cascades that result in the regulation of the growth cone cytoskeleton, defining growth cone advance, pausing, turning, or collapse. Even though much is known about guidance cues and their isolated mechanisms during nervous system development, there is still a gap in the understanding of the crosstalk between them, and about what happens after nervous system injuries. After neuronal injuries in mammals, only axons in the peripheral nervous system are able to regenerate, while the ones from the central nervous system fail to do so. Therefore, untangling the guidance cues mechanisms, as well as their behavior and characterization after axotomy and regeneration, are of special interest for understanding and treating neuronal injuries. In this review, we present findings on growth cone guidance and canonical guidance cues mechanisms, followed by a description and comparison of growth cone pathfinding mechanisms after axotomy, in regenerative and non-regenerative animal models.
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Semaphorin 4A restricts tumor progression by inhibiting angiogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Tissue Cell 2021; 69:101485. [PMID: 33460983 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Semaphorin 4A (Sema4A) on the angiogenesis, migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. METHODS Sema4A expression in OSCC patients was detected by Immunohistochemistry, and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients was analyzed. The mRNA and protein expression of Sema4A in primary human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) and OSCC cells (SCC-25, HSC-3, CAL-27) were determined by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. After HOKs, HSC-3 cells and SCC-25 cells transfected with Control/Sema4A CRISPR activation plasmid, the migration and invasion abilities were detected by Wound healing and Transwell invasion. Tube formation assay was also performed on endothelial cells and the contents of VEGF and bFGF were quantified using qRT-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS Cytoplasmic Sema4A expression was related to T classification, clinical stage and nodal metastasis of OSCC patients. Patients with low cytoplasmic Sema4A expression showed the higher microvessel density (MVD) and the poorer prognosis in OSCC. Compared with HOK, OSCC cells (SCC-25, HSC-3, CAL-27) declined apparently in Sema4A expression, which was much more significant in metastatic HSC-3 and SCC-25 cells. After HOKs, HSC-3 cells and SCC-25 cells transfected with Sema4A over-expression plasmid, the invasion and migration abilities were decreased. Besides, overexpression of Sema4A could significantly inhibit the tube formation of HUVEC induced by OSCC cells with reductions of angiogenic factors (VEGF and bFGF). CONCLUSION Over-expression of Sema4A could restrict tumor progression through inhibiting the angiogenesis, invasion and migration of OSCC cells.
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