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Hyde JR, Armond T, Herring JA, Hope S, Grose JH, Breakwell DP, Pickett BE. Diversity and conservation of the genome architecture of phages infecting the Alphaproteobacteria. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0282723. [PMID: 37991376 PMCID: PMC10783043 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02827-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE This study reports the results of the largest analysis of genome sequences from phages that infect the Alphaproteobacteria class of bacterial hosts. We analyzed over 100 whole genome sequences of phages to construct dotplots, categorize them into genetically distinct clusters, generate a bootstrapped phylogenetic tree, compute protein orthologs, and predict packaging strategies. We determined that the phage sequences primarily cluster by the bacterial host family, phage morphotype, and genome size. We expect that the findings reported in this seminal study will facilitate future analyses that will improve our knowledge of the phages that infect these hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Hyde
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Thomas Armond
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Jacob A. Herring
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Sandra Hope
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Julianne H. Grose
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Donald P. Breakwell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Brett E. Pickett
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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Li Q, Mu L, Yang X, Wang G, Liang J, Wang S, Zhang H, Li Z. Discovery of Oogenesis Biomarkers from Mouse Oocytes Using a Single-Cell Proteomics Approach. J Proteome Res 2023. [PMID: 37154469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We established an efficient and simplified single-cell proteomics (ES-SCP) workflow to realize proteomics profiling at the single-oocyte level. With the ES-SCP workflow, we constructed a deep coverage proteome library during oocyte maturation, which contained more than 6000 protein groups, and identified and quantified more than 4000 protein groups from a pool of only 15 oocytes at germinal vesicle (GV), GV breakdown (GVBD), and metaphase II (MII) stages. More than 1500 protein groups can be identified from single oocytes. We found that marker proteins including maternal factors and mRNA regulators, such as ZAR1, TLE6, and BTG4, showed significant variations in abundance during oocyte maturation, and it was discovered that maternal mRNA degradation was indispensable during oocyte maturation. Proteomics analysis from single oocytes revealed that changes in antioxidant factors, maternal factors, mRNA stabilization, and energy metabolism were the factors that affect the oocyte quality during ovary aging. Our data laid the foundation for future innovations in assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuebing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaolin Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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A Proof of Principle for the Detection of Viable Brucella spp. in Raw Milk by qPCR Targeting Bacteriophages. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091326. [PMID: 32878169 PMCID: PMC7565414 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is still a global health issue, and surveillance and control of this zoonotic disease in livestock remains a challenge. Human outbreaks are mainly linked to the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. The detection of human pathogenic Brucella species in food of animal origin is time-consuming and laborious. Bacteriophages are broadly applied to the typing of Brucella isolates from pure culture. Since phages intracellularly replicate to very high numbers, they can also be used as specific indicator organisms of their host bacteria. We developed a novel real-time PCR (qPCR) assay targeting the highly conserved helicase sequence harbored in all currently known Brucella-specific lytic phages. Quality and performance tests determined a limit of detection of <1 genomic copy/µL. In raw milk artificially contaminated with Brucella microti, Izv phages were reliably detected after 39 h of incubation, indicating the presence of viable bacteria. The qPCR assay showed high stability in the milk matrix and significantly shortened the time to diagnosis when compared to traditional culture-based techniques. Hence, our molecular assay is a reliable and sensitive method to analyze phage titers, may help to reduce the hands-on time needed for the screening of potentially contaminated food, and reveals infection risks without bacterial isolation.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Brucella abortus Phage EF4, Determined Using Long-Read Sequencing. Microbiol Resour Announc 2020; 9:9/18/e00212-20. [PMID: 32354974 PMCID: PMC7193929 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00212-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellaphage EF4 was isolated from elk feces. The 38,321-bp double-stranded DNA genome is predicted to contain 72 coding regions, 38 of which have been assigned predicted functions. This phage displays nucleotide similarity to other brucellaphages of the genus Perisivirus. Brucellaphage EF4 was isolated from elk feces. The 38,321-bp double-stranded DNA genome is predicted to contain 72 coding regions, 38 of which have been assigned predicted functions. This phage displays nucleotide similarity to other brucellaphages of the genus Perisivirus.
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Huber I, Potapova K, Kuhn A, Schmidt H, Hinrichs J, Rohde C, Beyer W. 1st German Phage Symposium-Conference Report. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040158. [PMID: 29596346 PMCID: PMC5923452 DOI: 10.3390/v10040158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Germany, phage research and application can be traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. However, with the triumphal march of antibiotics around the world, the significance of bacteriophages faded in most countries, and respective research mainly focused on fundamental questions and niche applications. After a century, we pay tribute to the overuse of antibiotics that led to multidrug resistance and calls for new strategies to combat pathogenic microbes. Against this background, bacteriophages came into the spotlight of researchers and practitioners again resulting in a fast growing “phage community”. In October 2017, part of this community met at the 1st German Phage Symposium to share their knowledge and experiences. The participants discussed open questions and challenges related to phage therapy and the application of phages in general. This report summarizes the presentations given, highlights the main points of the round table discussion and concludes with an outlook for the different aspects of phage application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Huber
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Katerina Potapova
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Andreas Kuhn
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Herbert Schmidt
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jörg Hinrichs
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Christine Rohde
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Beyer
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Johnson MC, Sena-Velez M, Washburn BK, Platt GN, Lu S, Brewer TE, Lynn JS, Stroupe ME, Jones KM. Structure, proteome and genome of Sinorhizobium meliloti phage ΦM5: A virus with LUZ24-like morphology and a highly mosaic genome. J Struct Biol 2017; 200:343-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hammerl JA, Göllner C, Jäckel C, Scholz HC, Nöckler K, Reetz J, Al Dahouk S, Hertwig S. Genetic Diversity of Brucella Reference and Non-reference Phages and Its Impact on Brucella-Typing. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:408. [PMID: 28360895 PMCID: PMC5350156 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virulent phages have been used for many years to type Brucella isolates, but until recently knowledge about the genetic makeup of these phages remains limited. In this work the host specificity and genomic sequences of the original set (deposited in 1960) of VLA Brucella reference phages Tb, Fi, Wb, Bk2, R/C, and Iz were analyzed and compared with hitherto described brucellaphages. VLA phages turned out to be different from homonymous phages in other laboratories. The host range of the phages was defined by performing plaque assays with a wide selection of Brucella strains. Propagation of the phages on different strains did not alter host specificity. Sequencing of the phages TbV, FiV, WbV, and R/CV revealed nucleotide variations when compared to same-named phages previously described by other laboratories. The phages Bk2V and IzV were sequenced for the first time. While Bk2V exhibited the same deletions as WbV, IzV possesses the largest genome of all Brucella reference phages. The duplication of a 301 bp sequence in this phage and the large deletion in Bk2V, WbV, and R/CV may be a result of recombination caused by repetitive sequences located in this DNA region. To identify new phages as potential candidates for lysotyping, the host range and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of 22 non-reference Brucella phages were determined. The phages showed lysis patterns different from those of the reference phages and thus represent novel valuable candidates in the typing set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens A. Hammerl
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk AssessmentBerlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Göllner
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk AssessmentBerlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Jäckel
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk AssessmentBerlin, Germany
| | - Holger C. Scholz
- German Center for Infection Research, Bundeswehr Institute of MicrobiologyMunich, Germany
| | - Karsten Nöckler
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk AssessmentBerlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Reetz
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk AssessmentBerlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Al Dahouk
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk AssessmentBerlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hertwig
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk AssessmentBerlin, Germany
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Rihtman B, Meaden S, Clokie MRJ, Koskella B, Millard AD. Assessing Illumina technology for the high-throughput sequencing of bacteriophage genomes. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2055. [PMID: 27280068 PMCID: PMC4893331 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are the most abundant biological entities on the planet, playing crucial roles in the shaping of bacterial populations. Phages have smaller genomes than their bacterial hosts, yet there are currently fewer fully sequenced phage than bacterial genomes. We assessed the suitability of Illumina technology for high-throughput sequencing and subsequent assembly of phage genomes. In silico datasets reveal that 30× coverage is sufficient to correctly assemble the complete genome of ~98.5% of known phages, with experimental data confirming that the majority of phage genomes can be assembled at 30× coverage. Furthermore, in silico data demonstrate it is possible to co-sequence multiple phages from different hosts, without introducing assembly errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branko Rihtman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick , Coventry , United Kingdom
| | - Sean Meaden
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , United Kingdom
| | - Martha R J Clokie
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester
| | - Britt Koskella
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, United Kingdom; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
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Liu Q, Liu X, Yan F, He Y, Wei J, Zhang Y, Liu L, Sun Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Brucella melitensis in an acidic environment: Identification of the two-component response regulator involved in the acid resistance and virulence of Brucella. Microb Pathog 2015; 91:92-8. [PMID: 26691825 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Brucella melitensis, encounters a very stressful environment in phagosomes, especially low pH levels. So identifying the genes that contribute to the replication and survival within an acidic environment is critical in understanding the pathogenesis of the Brucella bacteria. In our research, comparative transcriptome with RNA-seq were used to analyze the changes of genes in normal-medium culture and in pH4.4-medium culture. The results reveal that 113 genes expressed with significant differences (|log2Ratio| ≥ 3); about 44% genes expressed as up-regulated. With GO term analysis, structural constituent of the ribosome, rRNA binding, structural molecule activity, and cation-transporting ATPase activity were significantly enriched (p-value ≤ 0.05). These genes distributed in 51 pathways, in which ribosome and photosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched. Six pathways (oxidative phosphorylation, iron-transporting, bacterial secretion system, transcriptional regulation, two-component system, and ABC transporters pathways) tightly related to the intracellular survival and virulence of Brucella were analyzed. A two-component response regulator gene in the transcriptional regulation pathway, identified through gene deletion and complementary technologies, played an important role in the resistance to the acid-resistance and virulence of Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhong Liu
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China.
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Guangzhou Airport Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Brueau of P.R.C, Guangzhou 510470, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Yuhua He
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Youpeng Sun
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
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Chachra D, Kaur P, Siddavatam P, Suravajhala P, Saxena HM. On genome annotation of Brucellaphage Gadvasu (BpG): discovery of ORFans for integrated systems biology approaches. SYSTEMS AND SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY 2015; 9:57-62. [PMID: 26702310 PMCID: PMC4688410 DOI: 10.1007/s11693-015-9185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Brucellaphage Gadvasu (BpG) is a lytic phage infecting Brucella spp. Brucellaphages contain dsDNA as genetic material and are short-tailed particles with host-specificity. Here, we report the challenges on annotation in the complete genome sequence of BpG when compared with that of a recent broad host-range brucellaphage Pr, an original reference genome. The extracted DNA was subjected to genome sequencing with Illumina technology and assembled using SSAKE/Velvet. A significant number of genes were found to be similar between the phages with sequence analysis revealing conserved open reading frames that correspond to 33 gene ontology classifiers, transcriptional terminators and a few putative transcriptional promoters. The analyses revealed that the genome constitutes 1269 contigs and 275 genes encoding 260 proteins. The sequence comparison from the reference data indicated that the genome shares an approximately 70 % nucleotide similarity and differs mainly in the region encoding proteins. We bring this commentary providing an overview of how this exemplar genome can allow us to understand these known unknown regions in brucellaphages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Chachra
- />Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - Pushpinder Kaur
- />Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
- />Food and Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6055 USA
| | | | - Prashanth Suravajhala
- />Bioclues.org, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500 072 India
- />Bioinformatics Organization, 28 Pope St, Hudson, MA 01749 USA
- />Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Hari Mohan Saxena
- />Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
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