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Tsai ST, Nithiyanantham S, Satyanarayanan SK, Su KP. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Concept of Mind-Body Interface. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:435-458. [PMID: 36949321 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we conducted a systemic literature review for the anti-inflammatory effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) applying molecular mechanisms focusing on the neuroinflammation and gut-brain axis in three neuropsychiatric disorders: major depressive disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. We demonstrated the anti-inflammation or immunomodulation effects of TCM, including acupuncture, from basic and clinical research, including cellular and molecular approaches. In conclusion, inflammation plays a critical role in the neuropsychopathological process. At the same time, anti-inflammation seems to be the common biological pathway for the effects of TCM and acupuncture in depression, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ta Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Advancing the Regulation of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Products: A Comparison of Five Regulatory Systems on Traditional Medicines with a Long History of Use. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5833945. [PMID: 34745290 PMCID: PMC8566035 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5833945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background An appropriate regulatory system to ensure and promote the quality, safety, and efficacy of the products of traditional medicine (TM) and complementary medicine (CM) is critical to not only public health but also economic growth. The regulatory approach and evaluation standards for TM/CM products featured with a long history of use are yet to be developed. This study aims to investigate and compare the existing regulatory approaches for TM/CM products with a long history of use. Method A mixed approach of documentary analysis involving official and legal documents from official websites, as well as a scoping review of scholarly work in scientific databases about regulatory systems of TM/CM products in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea, was employed in this study and used for comparison. Results For registration purposes, all five regulatory systems recognized the history of use as part of the totality of evidence when evaluating the safety and efficacy of TM/CM products with a long history of use. Generally, the list of classic formulas is predefined and bound to the formulas recommended in the prescribed list of ancient medical textbooks. Expedited pathways are usually in place and scientific data of nonclinical and clinical studies may be exempted. At the same time, additional restrictions with the scope of products constitute a comprehensive approach in the regulation. Quality assurance and postmarketing safety surveillance were found to be the major focus across the regulatory schemes investigated in this study. Conclusion The regulatory systems investigated in this study allow less stringent registration requirements for TM/CM products featured with a long history of use, assuming safety and efficacy to be plausible based on historic use. Considering the safety and efficacy of these products, regulatory standards should emphasize the technical requirements for quality control and postmarket surveillance.
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Moon SY, Jerng UM, Kwon OJ, Jung SY, Lee JY, Yoon SW, Shin WC, Byun JI, Lee JH. Comparative Effectiveness of Cheonwangbosimdan (Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan) Versus Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Pilot Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735420935643. [PMID: 32627605 PMCID: PMC7338643 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420935643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients have a 2 times higher prevalence of insomnia than healthy
populations and cancer-related insomnia has received minimal attention while
insomnia can aggravate the rehabilitation of cancer patients. Cheonwangbosimdan
is a Korean herbal medicine generally used to relieve sleep deprivation,
however, few studies presented the effects of Cheonwangbosimdan on
cancer-related insomnia. The purpose of study is to examine the feasibility of
Cheonwangbosimdan treatments for cancer patients. Twenty-two participants were
allocated into a Cheonwangbosimdan or cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia
(CBT-I) control group by equal number. The intervention group took
Cheonwangbosimdan liquid once in a day and attend visits once a week for 4
weeks. The CBT-I group underwent individualized behavioral therapy 4 times in 4
weeks. The primary outcome is changes in the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) from
baseline to the end of the trial. Responses to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality
Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale
(SAS), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Euroqol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L),
and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) were
secondary outcomes used to evaluate the quality of sleep. Outcomes were measured
at a follow-up visit (visit 5) in the fifth week of the trial. There is no
difference between 2 groups, but both groups showed tendency to alleviate cancer
insomnia symptoms. SAS-K showed significant difference between the 2 groups (P
< .001), as treatment group score was highly lowered than control group
score. The study can contribute to more attentive care for insomnia in cancer
patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Moon
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,University of Science and Technology (UST), Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ui Min Jerng
- Sang-ji University Korean Medicine Hospital, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - O-Jin Kwon
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Jung
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chul Shin
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ick Byun
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Lee
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,University of Science and Technology (UST), Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Incidence of Cellulitis Following Acupuncture Treatments in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16203831. [PMID: 31614442 PMCID: PMC6843534 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cellulitis is a complication of acupuncture, but the risk factors and annualized incidence remain unclear. Objective: This study analyzed the incidence and risk factors of cellulitis related to acupuncture in a cohort of one million participants derived from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. Methods: We tracked this cohort between 1997 and 2012 and recorded all outpatient medical information including diagnosis and treatment. Patients were categorized according to age, gender, comorbidities, residential area, and number of acupuncture treatments. We compared the incidence and risk of cellulitis between different demographics and comorbidities by logistic regression analysis and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: We included 407,802 patients and 6,207,378 acupuncture treatments. The incidence of cellulitis after acupuncture was 64.4 per 100,000 courses of acupuncture treatment. The most common sites of cellulitis after acupuncture were the legs, feet, and face. Comorbidity was associated with post-acupuncture cellulitis; a multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that chronic kidney disease (aOR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.55–1.88), rheumatoid arthritis (aOR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.21–3.60), liver cirrhosis (aOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.15–1.32), diabetes mellitus (aOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.57–1.82), stroke (aOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.31–1.58), varicose veins (aOR, 2.38; 95% CI, 2.17–2.84), or heart failure (aOR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.65–1.98) significantly increased cellulitis. Repeated exposure to acupuncture treatment was associated with an increased risk of cellulitis. Conclusions: A variety of chronic diseases may increase the risk of cellulitis after acupuncture. Physicians asked about past medical history before acupuncture might help to reduce cellulitis.
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Lin SK, Liu JM, Hsu RJ, Chuang HC, Wang YX, Lin PH. Incidence of iatrogenic pneumothorax following acupuncture treatments in Taiwan. Acupunct Med 2019; 37:332-339. [DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2018-011697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pneumothorax is a rare complication of acupuncture and the risk factors are unclear. Objective: This study analysed the incidence of post-acupuncture pneumothorax requiring hospitalisation in a one-million-sample cohort derived from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. Methods: We tracked this cohort between 1997 and 2012 and recorded all medical insurance information. Subjects were categorised according to gender, insurance amount, comorbidities, residential area, and number of acupuncture treatments. Pneumothorax risk was evaluated according to different demographic and medical variables by logistic regression analysis using an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Overall, 411 734 patients undergoing 5 407 378 acupuncture treatments were identified with data collected over the first 7 days after acupuncture. The incidence rates of iatrogenic pneumothorax were 0.87 per 1 000 000 acupuncture treatments overall and 1.75 per 1 000 000 acupuncture treatments in “at-risk” anatomical areas. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that a history of thoracic surgery (aOR 7.85, 95% CI 3.49 to 9.25), chronic bronchitis (aOR 2.61, 95% CI 1.03 to 6.87), emphysema (aOR 4.87, 95% CI 1.03 to 7.96), pneumonia (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.44 to 2.72), tuberculosis (aOR 3.65, 95% CI 1.39 to 9.56), and lung cancer (aOR 3.85, 95% CI 1.53 to 9.73) may increase the post-acupuncture risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax. Men had a higher risk of pneumothorax than women (aOR 3.41, 95% CI 1.36 to 8.57). The number of treatments was not associated with risk of pneumothorax. Conclusions: Patients with a history of lung disease including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, tuberculosis, lung cancer and pneumonia, and a history of thoracic surgery, might have an increased post-acupuncture risk of pneumothorax. This information may possibly help physicians avoid post-acupuncture pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ku Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, RenAi Branch, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yangming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Jun Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biobank Management Center of the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, The Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Chang Chuang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Xue Wang
- Department of Nursing, Taipei City Hospital, RenAi Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Health, Taipei City Government, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hung Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Lo PC, Lin FC, Tsai YC, Lin SK. Traditional Chinese medicine therapy reduces the risk of total knee replacement in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15964. [PMID: 31169724 PMCID: PMC6571282 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease occurring in elderly people worldwide. For severe knee osteoarthritis, total knee replacement is the final treatment option. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is popular in Taiwan and has been shown to exert therapeutic effects on knee osteoarthritis. We investigated the long-term clinical effects of TCM for reducing the need for total knee replacement risk in patients with knee osteoarthritis.We used the National Health Insurance Research Database to conduct a retrospective study of patients with knee osteoarthritis between 1997 and 2003 in Taiwan. Data from the date of diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis to total knee replacement were assessed using the Cox regression proportional hazards model, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to determine the association between total knee replacement risk and TCM use.A total of 34,231 patients with knee osteoarthritis, who were diagnosed by orthopedic or rehabilitation physicians between 1997 and 2003 were included. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: 26,257 (76.7%) were TCM users and 7974 (23.3%) were TCM non-users. The mean follow-up period was 9.26 years. Multivariate regression demonstrated that using TCM may decrease the need for total knee replacement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.64-0.77) compared with TCM non-users. A relationship between longer TCM use and reduced total knee replacement use was observed, especially in patients who used TCM for ≥120 days (aHR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.42-0.56).The results of this study suggested that TCM is associated with a reduced risk of total knee replacement in patients with knee osteoarthritis, with enhanced benefits from longer durations of TCM use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chia Lo
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University
| | | | - Yao-Chien Tsai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch
| | - Shun-Ku Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin PH, Lin SK, Hsu RJ, Pang ST, Chuang CK, Chang YH, Liu JM. Spirit-Quieting Traditional Chinese Medicine may Improve Survival in Prostate Cancer Patients with Depression. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020218. [PMID: 30744039 PMCID: PMC6406565 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is associated with higher mortality in prostate cancer. However, whether traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for depression improves outcomes in patients with prostate cancer is unclear. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the association between TCM for depression and mortality in patients with prostate cancer. During the period 1998⁻2012, a total of 248 prostate cancer patients in Taiwan with depression were enrolled and divided into three groups: TCM for depression (n = 81, 32.7%), TCM for other purposes (n = 53, 21.3%), and no TCM (n = 114, 46.0%). During a median follow-up of 6.2 years, 12 (14.8%), 13 (24.5%), and 36 (31.6%) deaths occurred in the TCM for depression, TCM for other purposes, and no TCM groups, respectively. After adjusting age at diagnosis, urbanization, insured amount, comorbidity disease, and prostate cancer type, TCM for depression was associated with a significantly lower risk of overall mortality based on a multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional-hazards model (hazard ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval: 0.21⁻0.85, p = 0.02) and Kaplan⁻Meier survival curve (log-rank test, p = 0.0055) compared to no TCM. In conclusion, TCM for depression may have a positive association with the survival of prostate cancer patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hung Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Ku Lin
- Department of Chinese medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Ren-Jun Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Cancer Medicine Center of Buddhist Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
- Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - See-Tong Pang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Keng Chuang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsu Chang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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Lin SK, Lo PC, Chen WC, Lai JN. Integrating traditional Chinese medicine healthcare into dementia care plan by reducing the need for special nursing care and medical expenses. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14468. [PMID: 30762764 PMCID: PMC6407982 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing the need for advanced nursing care and medical expenses is an essential concern of dementia care. We investigated the impact of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on advanced nursing care and medical costs.We used Longitudinal Health Insurance Database to implement a cohort study of patients with dementia between 1997 and 2012 in Taiwan. Data from the onset of dementia to 1st advanced nursing care for the endotracheal tube, urinal indwelling catheterization, and nasogastric tube were assessed using Cox regression proportional hazards model, and independent t test was used to determine the difference of hospitalization costs and days. We also used ANOVA test to compare the hospital cost, hospital stay, and numbers according to different duration of TCM.We assessed 9438 new diagnosed patients with dementia without advanced nursing care were categorized into 2 groups: 4094 (43.4%) TCM users, and 5344 (56.6%) non-TCM users. In the TCM groups, 894 (21.8%) patients were declared as advanced nursing care, while 1683 (31.5%) patients were in non-TCM group. Cox proportional hazard regression indicated that using TCM may decrease the need for advanced nursing care (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.56-0.66) compared to non-TCM. The TCM users have lower hospitalization costs and hospitalization time compared to non-TCM users.Integrating TCM healthcare into dementia care was found to be associated with a lower need for advanced nursing care, hospitalization costs, and admission time with more benefits from longer durations of TCM use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ku Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University
| | - Pei-Chia Lo
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei
| | - Wang-Chuan Chen
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Jung-Nien Lai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin SK, Tzeng JN, Lai JN. The core pattern of Chinese herbal formulae and drug-herb concurrent usage in patients with dementia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e13931. [PMID: 30681554 PMCID: PMC6358382 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 40% dementia patients received traditional Chinese Medicine treatment. However, the prescription pattern of Chinese herbal formulae (CHF) for treating neurocognitive or behavioral disorders in patients with dementia has not been elucidated. This large-scale survey aimed is to evaluate core patterns of CHF and drug-herb concurrent use in patients with dementia.We analyzed patients with a diagnosis of dementia from one million cohorts of the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database in the National Health Insurance Research Database, between 1997 and 2008. Of 18,141 newly diagnosed dementia patients, 3471 patients received CHF for mental and nervous system diseases. There were 13,254 outpatient visits, with 60,968 formulae prescriptions. We calculate the frequency and proportion of combined use, identify drug-herb concurrent usage, and determine core prescription patterns. Also, we drew network graphs of co-prescription pairs which occurred more than 200 times.Chinese medicine prescription patterns changed as dementia progressed.During the first 3 years after the diagnosis of dementia, Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San, Gan-Mai-Da-Zao-Tang, and Ban-Xia-Bai-Zhu-Tian-Ma-Tang were the core CHF prescribed for mental and nervous system disorders. However, during the later stages of dementia, Suan-Zao-Ren-Tang, Gui-Pi-Tang, Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San, and Wen-Dan-Tang were the core CHF prescribed. Benzodiazepines were the most common sedative drugs combined with traditional Chinese formulae.The results of this study suggest that TCM prescription were different in various stages of dementia, and indicated the frequently combined use of the TCM formulae and Benzodiazepines in dementia care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ku Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-ming University
| | - Jeng-Nan Tzeng
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, National Chengchi University, Taipei
- Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Nien Lai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
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An innovative method to evaluate the severe level of general Qi deficiency. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(18)30891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bojungikgi-tang Improves Muscle and Spinal Cord Function in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Model. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2394-2407. [PMID: 30030751 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease characterized by progressive motor function impairment, dysphagia, and respiratory failure. Owing to the complexity of its pathogenic mechanisms, an effective therapy for ALS is lacking. Herbal medicines with multiple targets have good efficacy and low adverse reactions for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, the effects of Bojungikgi-tang (BJIGT), an herbal medicine with eight component herbs, on muscle and spinal cord function were evaluated in an ALS animal model. Animals were randomly divided into three groups: a non-transgenic group (nTg, n = 24), a hSOD1G93A transgenic group (Tg, n = 24), and a hSOD1G93A transgenic group in which 8-week-old mice were orally administered BJIGT (1 mg/g) once daily for 6 weeks (Tg+BJIGT, n = 24). The effects of BJIGT were evaluated using a rotarod test, foot-printing, and survival analyses based on Kaplan-Meier survival curves. To determine the biological mechanism underlying the effects of BJIGT in hSOD1G93A mice, western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, and Bungarotoxin staining were used. BJIGT improved motor function and extended the survival duration of hSOD1G93A mice. In addition, BJIGT had protective effects, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, in both the spinal cord and muscle of hSOD1G93A mice. Our results demonstrated that BJIGT causes muscle atrophy and the denervation of neuromuscular junctions in the gastrocnemius of hSOD1G93A mice. The components of BJIGT may alleviate the symptoms of ALS via different mechanisms, and accordingly, BJIGT treatment may be an effective therapeutic approach.
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Wang T, Wu Z, Sun L, Li W, Liu G, Tang Y. A Computational Systems Pharmacology Approach to Investigate Molecular Mechanisms of Herbal Formula Tian-Ma-Gou-Teng-Yin for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:668. [PMID: 29997503 PMCID: PMC6028720 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is typically prescribed as formula to treat certain symptoms. A TCM formula contains hundreds of chemical components, which makes it complicated to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of TCM. Here, we proposed a computational systems pharmacology approach consisting of network link prediction, statistical analysis, and bioinformatics tools to investigate the molecular mechanisms of TCM formulae. Taking formula Tian-Ma-Gou-Teng-Yin as an example, which shows pharmacological effects on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and its mechanism is unclear, we first identified 494 formula components together with corresponding 178 known targets, and then predicted 364 potential targets for these components with our balanced substructure-drug–target network-based inference method. With Fisher’s exact test and statistical analysis we identified 12 compounds to be most significantly related to AD. The target genes of these compounds were further enriched onto pathways involved in AD, such as neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, serotonergic synapse, inflammatory mediator regulation of transient receptor potential channel and calcium signaling pathway. By regulating key target genes, such as ACHE, HTR2A, NOS2, and TRPA1, the formula could have neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects against the progression of AD. Our approach provided a holistic perspective to study the relevance between TCM formulae and diseases, and implied possible pharmacological effects of TCM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianduanyi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Dong Y, Feng ZL, Chen HB, Wang FS, Lu JH. Corni Fructus: a review of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities. Chin Med 2018; 13:34. [PMID: 29983732 PMCID: PMC6020197 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. is part of the genus Cornus of the family Cornaceae. Ripening and dry fruits (Corni Fructus) are recognized as an essential herb medicine in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have been widely used for over 2000 years. This review provides a comprehensive summary of Corni Fructus (CF), including the botany, phytochemistry, traditional use, and current pharmacological activities. According to the basic theory of TCM, CF usually participates in various Chinese medicinal formulae to exert the essential roles in replenishing liver and kidney, arresting seminal emission and sweat. Based on modern pharmacological studies, about 90 compounds have been isolated and identified from CF. In vivo and in vitro experimental studies indicate that CF exhibits extensive pharmacological activities including hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activities. However, only about 18% of chemical constituents in CF were tested. It means the potential pharmacological activities and clinical values of CF need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Room 7015, N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Ling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Room 7015, N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- 2School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- 3Ulcerous Vascular Surgical Department, Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Room 7015, N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR People's Republic of China
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Lin SK, Lin PH, Hsu RJ, Chuang HC, Liu JM. Traditional Chinese medicine therapy reduces the catheter indwelling risk in dementia patients with difficult voiding symptoms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 203:120-126. [PMID: 28359848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dementia is an international health issue in elder people. Indwelling catheters to address voiding problems in patients with dementia introduce risks of urinary tract infection or urethral trauma. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used to treat difficult voiding symptoms in Taiwan. We investigated the long-term clinical effects of TCM for reducing the risk of indwelling catheterization in dementia patients with difficult voiding symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used National Health Insurance Research Database to conduct a retrospective study of dementia patients with difficult voiding symptoms between 1997 and 2012 in Taiwan. We collected medical data from the onset of dementia to post-catheter insertion. Cox regression proportional hazards model and cumulative incidence of the urinal catheterization curve were used to determine the association between catheter indwelling risk and TCM use. RESULTS Data from 11069 patients with dementia was assessed, and 3982 participants who received medication for relief voiding symptoms were categorized into 2 groups: 2121 (53.3%) were TCM users and 1861 (46.7%) were TCM non-users with a mean follow-up period of 7.25 years. Cox regression demonstrated that using TCM may decrease the need for indwelling catheterization in patients with dementia (adjusted hazards ratio (aHR) =0.58, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.52-0.66) compared to TCM non-users. A relationship between longer TCM use and reduced urinary retention with indwelling catheter use was observed, especially in patients who used TCM for ≥200 days (aHR =0.46, 95% CI: 0.39-0.55). Ji-Sheng-Shen-Qi-Wan (aHR =0.44, 95% CI: 0.21-0.88), Wu-Ling-San (aHR =0.47, 95% CI: 0.16-0.92), Zhi-Bai-Di-Huang-Wan (aHR =0.50, 95% CI: 0.26-0.94), were the most 3 beneficial TCM formulae. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that TCM is associated with a reduced risk of indwelling catheterization in patients with dementia, with enhanced benefits from longer durations of TCM use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ku Lin
- Department of Chinese medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hung Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ren-Jun Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Biobank Management Center of the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Heng-Chang Chuang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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