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Lee JY, Jin H, Park SB, Kim EH, Yoon JH, Yoon SW. A Prospective Multi-Centered Registry-Based Observational Study for Patients With Cancer: Design and Rationale for Korean Medicine Cancer Registry (KMCARE). Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354231223496. [PMID: 38178547 PMCID: PMC10768608 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231223496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in most countries with an expected increased burden on healthcare systems. Since integrative medical treatments are not collected within the scope of existing cancer registries, the establishment of the Korean Medicine Cancer Registry (KMCARE), gathering integrative therapies, including conservative care and Korean medicine, is warranted. METHODS A prospective observational study based on the registry will be conducted in 5 Korean medical hospitals. A total of 650 eligible participants undergoing Korean medicine treatments within 1 month of a diagnosis of lung, colorectal, stomach, or breast cancer are anticipated to be enrolled in the registry. Data collected in the KMCARE can be classified into patient information, received treatments, and outcomes. The primary outcome is the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Questionnaire score at 3 months. Secondary outcomes include the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-Core and the Body Constitution Questionnaire at 3 and 6 months. After 6 months of follow-up periods, survival surveillance will be continued for additional 18 months. Descriptive and statistical analysis of primary and secondary outcomes, baseline data, safety, survival, and prognostic factors will be performed. DISCUSSION This is the first prospective, multi-centered, registry-based observational study of cancer patients in Korean medicine hospitals, which could reveal the current status of cancer patients receiving integrative cancer therapies, and provide better insight into the role of Korean medicine in palliative care for patients with cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), KCT0007447.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayun Jin
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Park
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Joung S, Ghim YC, Kim J, Kwak S, Kwon D, Sung C, Kim D, Kim HS, Bak JG, Yoon SW. GS-DeepNet: mastering tokamak plasma equilibria with deep neural networks and the Grad-Shafranov equation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15799. [PMID: 37737481 PMCID: PMC10516960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The force-balanced state of magnetically confined plasmas heated up to 100 million degrees Celsius must be sustained long enough to achieve a burning-plasma state, such as in the case of ITER, a fusion reactor that promises a net energy gain. This force balance between the Lorentz force and the pressure gradient force, known as a plasma equilibrium, can be theoretically portrayed together with Maxwell's equations as plasmas are collections of charged particles. Nevertheless, identifying the plasma equilibrium in real time is challenging owing to its free-boundary and ill-posed conditions, which conventionally involves iterative numerical approach with a certain degree of subjective human decisions such as including or excluding certain magnetic measurements to achieve numerical convergence on the solution as well as to avoid unphysical solutions. Here, we introduce GS-DeepNet, which learns plasma equilibria through solely unsupervised learning, without using traditional numerical algorithms. GS-DeepNet includes two neural networks and teaches itself. One neural network generates a possible candidate of an equilibrium following Maxwell's equations and is taught by the other network satisfying the force balance under the equilibrium. Measurements constrain both networks. Our GS-DeepNet achieves reliable equilibria with uncertainties in contrast with existing methods, leading to possible better control of fusion-grade plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semin Joung
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Y-C Ghim
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | - Jaewook Kim
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
| | - Sehyun Kwak
- Max-Planck-Institute Fur Plasmaphysik, 17491, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Daeho Kwon
- Mobiis Co., Ltd., Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 13486, South Korea
| | - C Sung
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
| | - J G Bak
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
| | - S W Yoon
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
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Kim EH, Park SB, Jin H, Chung WK, Yoon SW. Comparative efficacy of Jaungo, a traditional herbal ointment, and a water-in-oil type non-steroidal moisturizer for radiation-induced dermatitis in patients with breast cancer: a prospective, randomized, single-blind, pilot study. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1216668. [PMID: 37469863 PMCID: PMC10353018 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1216668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Radiation-induced dermatitis (RID) is one of the most prevalent side-effects of conventional cancer therapies; however, there is no standard treatment for its prevention. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of Jaungo (mainly composed of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zucc. and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diel) and the water-in-oil-type non-steroidal moisturizer for the prevention of RID in patients with breast cancer (BC). Methods: This is a prospective, single-blind, pilot randomized controlled trial. Between March 2021 and July 2022, 50 patients were randomly selected to use Jaungo or the moisturizer while undergoing postoperative radiation therapy (RT). Assessments were conducted nine times-every week while the patients underwent RT and 2 weeks after the end of therapy. The primary outcome was the incidence rate of RID grade ≥2. The secondary outcomes were the incidence rate of maximum grade RID, time to RID onset, RID-related quality of life (QOL) score, pain intensity, and adverse events. Results: The incidence rate of RID grade ≥2 was 24.0% and 20.0% in the Jaungo and the moisturizer groups, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.733). Regarding the secondary outcomes, the incidence rate of maximum grade RID (p = 0.890), mean time to RID onset (p = 0.092), cumulative incidence rate of RID (p = 0.280), RID-related QOL score, and maximum pain intensity (p = 0.844) also did not differ significantly between the groups. None of the subjects in either group experienced severe adverse effects, although one participant in the moisturizer group had mild fever and insomnia. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Jaungo has preventive efficacy without severe side-effects against RID in patients with BC that is comparable to that of the water-in-oil type non-steroidal moisturizer. Further extensive randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate our findings. Clinical Trial Registration: Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), https://cris.nih.go.kr, identifier KCT0005971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Park
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayun Jin
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon Kuu Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University of Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park SB, Yoon JH, Kim EH, Jin H, Yoon SW. Traditional herbal medicine for anorexia in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1203137. [PMID: 37441530 PMCID: PMC10333490 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1203137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional herbal medicine (THM) for improving anorexia in patients with cancer. Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated orally administered THM for cancer-related anorexia using 10 databases from the inception to 1 August 2021. The primary outcome was an improvement in anorexia, measured with the total effective rate (TER) or visual analog scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes were the changes in body weight, the Karnofsky performance scale, acylated ghrelin, and adverse events. We used the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method to assess the quality of the studies and the quality of the evidence. Results: A total of 26 RCTs were included, of which 23 were subjected to quantitative analysis. THM showed a significant improvement in anorexia measured with the TER [risk ratio (RR) 1.12, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.04-1.20] than appetite stimulants with moderate quality evidence and in the Karnofsky performance scale (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.12-1.70) with low quality evidence but not in body weight gain (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.80-1.20). THM showed a significant improvement in anorexia measured with the TER (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.23-2.48) compared with usual care with low-quality evidence but did not significantly improve the VAS score (mean difference 0.72, 95% CI 0.00-1.43) or the level of acylated ghrelin (mean difference 0.94, 95% CI 1.08-2.97). There were no serious adverse events. Conclusion: This review suggests that THM may be considered a safe alternative therapeutic option for improving anorexia in patients with cancer. Nonetheless, more rigorous RCTs are needed due to methodological limitations. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42021276508.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Park
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayun Jin
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yoon JH, Kim EH, Park SB, Jin H, Yoon SW. Impact of traditional East Asian medicine as an add-on therapy on survival and recurrence after surgery for breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1125373. [PMID: 37081970 PMCID: PMC10110841 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1125373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Patients with cancer increasingly incorporate complementary and alternative medicines, including traditional East Asian medicine (TEAM), for cancer prevention and treatment. This review aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of TEAM for survival and recurrence after surgery in patients with breast cancer.Methods: We searched nine electronic databases up to 25 August 2022, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TEAM to prevent the recurrence of breast cancer in female patients after mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery. The primary outcome was 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), and secondary outcomes were 5-year overall survival, locoregional and distant recurrence rates, and toxicity. This study adhered to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of evidence.Results: From 368 citations, data from nine studies reporting on a total of 1240 patients were included in the systematic review, and eight studies were deemed suitable for the meta-analysis. TEAM combined with adjuvant chemotherapy showed a significant improvement in DFS (odds ratio [OR] 0.42%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28 to 0.61, p < 0.00001) and overall survival (OR 0.44%, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.73, p = 0.001) compared to adjuvant chemotherapy alone. The reduction in the rate of total recurrence was favorable for TEAM combined with adjuvant chemotherapy compared to adjuvant chemotherapy alone (Risk ratio 0.49%, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.70; p < 0.0001). TEAM after adjuvant chemotherapy showed a significant advantage in DFS compared to no TEAM (OR 0.61%, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.92, p = 0.02). No severe adverse events related to TEAM were reported. The overall certainty of the evidence for DFS, overall survival, and the total recurrence rate were moderate when postoperative breast cancer patients used TEAM combined with adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion: Moderate-quality evidence suggests TEAM as an add-on therapy to adjuvant chemotherapy. TEAM may have the potential to improve long-term survival and prevent postoperative recurrence in patients with breast cancer. In future, more rigorous RCTs should be conducted to confirm these findings.
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Yoon JH, Kim EH, Park SB, Lee JY, Yoon SW. Traditional Herbal Medicine for Insomnia in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:753140. [PMID: 34776971 PMCID: PMC8581246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.753140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insomnia is one of the most prevalent cancer-related symptoms and has a severe impact on the quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional herbal medicine (THM) for improving sleep quality in patients with cancer. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating orally administered THM in a cancer population with insomnia were searched using nine electronic databases up to November 30, 2020. The outcome measurements were sleep quality measured by validated questionnaire such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), total effective rate, and adverse effects. The included studies were appraised using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and meta-analyzed. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method. Results: Fourteen RCTs were included in the systematic review, and 10 RCTs were analyzed quantitatively. Compared to hypnotics, THM showed a significant improvement in sleep quality by reducing the PSQI score [mean difference (MD) -2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) −3.46 to −1.05, I2 = 84%] and increasing the total effective rate [risk ratio (RR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.48, I2 = 70%] with low quality of evidence. Compared to placebo, THM also reduced the PSQI score significantly (MD −2.56, 95% CI −3.81 to −1.31, I2 = 91%) with moderate quality of evidence. The most frequently used herbs were Ziziphus jujuba Mill. No serious adverse events were observed. Conclusion: This review suggests that THM may be an effective therapeutic option for insomnia in patients with cancer. However, considering the limited methodological qualities and inconsistent results of the included trials, further rigorous RCTs are required. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], PROSPERO 2021 [CRD42021265070]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Hyun Yoon
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Bin Park
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee JY, Kim EH, Yoon JH, Eo W, Yoon SW. Traditional Herbal Medicine, Sipjeondaebo-Tang, for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Preliminary Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211040830. [PMID: 34672230 PMCID: PMC8543707 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Sipjeondaebo-tang (SDT) is a widely used traditional herbal medicine for
relieving fatigue. This randomized, placebo-controlled, preliminary study
evaluated SDT for cancer-related fatigue, which is the most common symptom
experienced by patients with cancer. Patients and Methods: Patients with a Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) score of at least 4 were
randomly assigned in a double-blinded manner to receive SDT (3 g 3 times
daily) or placebo orally for 3 weeks. The BFI was the primary outcome
measure and secondary outcome measures included the Hospital Anxiety and
Depression Scale (HADS), the European Organization for Research and
Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30),
immunoregulatory tests, and safety. Results: A total of 50 participants were randomly assigned and 48 patients completed
the trial. Based on intention-to-treat analysis, fatigue, which was the
primary outcome, was improved in both arms compared with the baseline, and
was significantly better in the SDT group than in the placebo group at week
3 (3.56 ± 1.18 vs 4.63 ± 1.83, P = .019). Secondary
outcomes, including anxiety, depression, and immunoregulatory tests, did not
improve significantly in either group. However, quality of life measured
using the EORTC QLQ-C30 improved in both arms compared with the baseline,
and the global health subscale was significantly better in the SDT group
than in the placebo group (P = .02). No significant
toxicities were observed. Conclusion: SDT may improve cancer-related fatigue and quality of life in patients with
cancer. A further randomized clinical trial with large sample size is
warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Young Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wankyu Eo
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim EH, Yoon JH, Park SB, Lee JY, Chung WK, Yoon SW. Comparative Efficacy of Jaungo, A Traditional Herbal Ointment, and the Water-in-Oil Type Non-Steroidal Moisturizer for Radiation-Induced Dermatitis in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Study Protocol for a Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blinded, Pilot Study. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:751812. [PMID: 34621177 PMCID: PMC8490667 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.751812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Radiation-induced dermatitis (RID) is a common complication of radiation therapy (RT). Although it has a high prevalence and can even trigger the premature end of conventional cancer therapies, there is no standard management. This study aims to evaluate whether topical use of Jaungo (Shiunko), a traditional herbal ointment mainly composed of Lithospermi radix and Angelica sinensis, could reduce RID compared to the water-in-oil type non-steroidal moisturizer in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This is a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled pilot trial that investigates the effect of topical application of Jaungo for the prevention of RID in postoperative breast cancer patients scheduled for RT, in comparison with the non-steroidal moisturizer, with a random distribution of 50 patients across the two groups. RT will be administered for 5–7 weeks with a biological equivalent dose (BED10) of 60 Gy or more, and the interventions will be applied 3 times a day during RT duration. Participants will be assessed a total of nine times, including eight visits during the period of RT and one visit at a 2-week follow-up period after the end of treatment. The incidence and severity of RID, quality of life, skin reaction symptoms, and maximum pain related to RID will be measured. The incidence rate of grade 2 or higher RID using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) in the two groups will be statistically compared as the primary outcome. The types and frequencies of adverse events will be also collected and evaluated. All assessments will be performed by independent radiology oncologists. Discussion: This trial is currently ongoing and is recruiting. This study will determine the preventive efficacy of Jaungo in RID with postoperative breast cancer patients and provide evidence in traditional Korean medicine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Bin Park
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Weon Kuu Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
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Jin H, Park SB, Yoon JH, Lee JY, Kim EH, Yoon SW. Traditional herbal medicine combined with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27163. [PMID: 34664842 PMCID: PMC8448030 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major health burden in many countries. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of traditional herbal medicine (THM) combined with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PBCT) for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. METHODS From inception to April 2021, relevant studies were retrieved from 9 electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing survival outcomes of THM + PBCT treatment with PBCT treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC were reviewed. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Overall survival, 1-year survival, progression-free survival or time to progression, tumor response rate, and adverse effects were analyzed. RESULTS Sixteen RCTs comprising 1445 patients were included. The meta-analysis indicated that THM + PBCT treatment, compared to PBCT alone, could improve overall survival (median survival ratio = 1.24, 95% confidence intervals [CI] [1.11, 1.39], P < .001), progression-free survival/time to progression (median survival ratio = 1.22, 95% CI [1.09, 1.37], P < .001), and the 1-year survival rate (risk ratio [RR] = 1.56, 95% CI [1.31, 1.86], P < .001). THM + PBCT also led to a higher tumor response rate (RR = 1.39, 95% CI [1.22, 1.59], P < .001) and lower incidence of thrombocytopenia (RR = 0.72, 95% CI [0.56, 0.92], P = .009) and nausea/vomiting (RR = 0.35, 95% CI [0.21, 0.57], P < .001), while there was no significant effect observed on leukopenia (RR = 0.68, 95% CI [0.34, 1.36], P = .27). CONCLUSION THM, when used in combination with PBCT, might increase survival and the tumor response rate while decreasing the side effects caused by chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. However, considering the limited methodological qualities of the included trials, more rigorous RCTs are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayun Jin
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Park
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Yoon
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ko MH, Song SY, Ha SJ, Lee JY, Yoon SW, Park JH, Park SJ, Yoo HS. Efficacy and Safety of Yukgunja-Tang for Patients with Cancer-related Anorexia: A Randomized, Controlled Trial, Pilot Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211019107. [PMID: 34032151 PMCID: PMC8371029 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211019107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is both to estimate the efficacy and the safety of
Yukgunja-tang (YGJT) and to establish evidence for the use of herbal
medicines in the management of patients with cancer-related anorexia. Methods: We enrolled 40 patients with cancer-related anorexia. The enrolled
participants were randomly allocated to 2 groups: the control group
(n = 20), which received nutrition counseling, and the treatment group
(n = 20), which received nutrition counseling and was administered YGJT at
twice a day for 4 weeks (a total of 56 times @ 3.0 g each time). The primary
outcome of this study was the score on the anorexia/cachexia subscale (ACS)
of the Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT). The
secondary outcomes were the FAACT score with the ACS score excluded, the
score on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for appetite, and the results on
laboratory tests regarding appetite, such as leptin, tumor necrosis factors
(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and ghrelin. All variables related to the
safety assessment, such as vital signs, electrocardiography results,
laboratory test results (complete blood cell count, chemistry, urine test),
and adverse events, were documented on the case report form (CRF) at every
visit. Result: The difference in the primary outcome, that is, the score on the
anorexia/cachexia subscale (ACS) of the Functional Assessment of
Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT), between the control and the treatment
groups was statistically significant (P = .023) as was the
difference in the FAACT scores with the ACS score excluded, a secondary
outcome, between the 2 groups; however, no statistically significant
differences were noted in the scores on the VAS or the levels of leptin,
TNF-α, IL-6, and ghrelin. In addition, no significant differences in the
numbers and the types of adverse events or in the results on the laboratory
tests between the control and the treatment groups were recorded. Conclusion: These results obtained in this research confirmed the efficacy and the safety
of using YGJT as a herb-medicine treatment option for patients with
cancer-related anorexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Hyun Ko
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Yeon Song
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Ha
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Park
- Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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11
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Yoo JW, Kim J, Lee MW, Kang J, Ko WH, Oh SG, Ko J, Lee JH, Nam YU, Jung L, Park BH, Yoon SW. Fast-ion D α spectroscopy diagnostic at KSTAR. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:043504. [PMID: 34243446 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A fast-ion Dα (FIDA) diagnostics system was installed for core and edge measurements on KSTAR. This system has two tangential FIDA arrays that cover both blue- and redshifted Dα lines (cold: 656.09 nm) in active views along the neutral beam 1 A centerline. The spectral band is 647-662.5 nm, and it covers the Doppler shift of the emission from the maximum energy of the neutral beam (100 keV). A curved filter strip with a motorized stage adequately prevents saturation of the electron multiplying charge-coupled device signal by the cold Dα line from the plasma edge. From comparisons of the measured spectra and FIDASIM modeling code, the FIDA spectra are well matched quantitatively. Moreover, the first measurements show that the FIDA radiance agrees with the neutron rate in the time trace during external heating and perturbation. In addition, responses are observed in the core FIDA radiance during the edge-localized mode cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Yoo
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - M W Lee
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kang
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - W-H Ko
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - S G Oh
- Ajou University, 206, World Cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - J Ko
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Y U Nam
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - L Jung
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - B H Park
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Yoon
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
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12
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Yoon SS, Kim EH, Lee JY, Yoon SW. Prolonged Progression-Free Survival in a Patient With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Following Korean Herbal Medicine Treatment Alone: A Case Report. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420908345. [PMID: 32100581 PMCID: PMC7045291 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420908345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Korean herbal medicine treatment (KHMT) involves treating with a combination of natural products, which have been used for thousands of years. Recently, it has been reported to be effective and safe in cancer patients. This case report demonstrates the efficacy of KHMT in a 49-year-old man with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), a rare and highly aggressive cancer. The patient showed recurrent pleural effusion and was diagnosed with epithelioid MPM at cT3NxM0 stage III in December 2017. The multidisciplinary care team recommended multimodal treatment based on an extrapleural pneumonectomy, but he refused this because the treatment was aggressive and the effectiveness was unclear. He decided to undergo pemetrexed plus cisplatin chemotherapy if his condition worsened. He visited the Korean Medicine Cancer Center for alternative treatment options. A KHMT regimen, consisting of twice-daily Gunchil-dan and thrice-daily Bangam-tang, was initiated in December 2017. Since commencement of KHMT, computed tomography and X-ray imaging scans have shown no significant interval changes and progression. At 21 months into treatment (September 2019), no significant adverse events have occurred. Given that the median overall survival of patients with MPM is approximately 1 year, the ongoing progression-free survival of this patient for 21 months is relatively long. This case, therefore, suggests that KHMT is a potential treatment option for MPM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Soo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Suh HW, Jeong HY, Hong S, Kim JW, Yoon SW, Lee JY, Chung SY. The mindfulness-based stress reduction program for improving sleep quality in cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2021; 57:102667. [PMID: 33460741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program in improving sleep in cancer survivors. METHODS Four electronic databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and PsycARTICLES) were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of MBSR on the sleep of cancer survivors from their inception to May 2020. The primary outcome was sleep quality measured by validated questionnaires such as the Insomnia Severity Index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The secondary outcomes were sleep parameters obtained from a sleep diary, polysomnography, and actigraphy. The included studies were critically appraised by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and meta-analyzed. RESULTS Ten studies were included, and nine studies were analyzed quantitatively. MBSR significantly improved sleep quality compared to usual care (standardized mean difference -0.29, 95 % confidence interval -0.55 to -0.04, I2 = 58 %). However, there were no favorable results with sleep parameters. Compared to active controls, MBSR presented mixed results with sleep quality according to the outcomes and negative results with sleep parameters. CONCLUSION This review suggests that MBSR helps cancer survivors improve sleep quality. Our results support the possibility of using MBSR for cancer survivors. However, its efficacy and effectiveness in improving sleep quality and sleep parameters are inconclusive because the number of included studies was few with inconsistent results. Further studies with high methodological quality are required to establish conclusive evidence about the efficacy and effectiveness of MBSR in improving sleep quality and sleep parameters in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Weon Suh
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee Dae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ha Yeong Jeong
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunggyu Hong
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee Dae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Woo Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee Dae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Dongnam-ro 892, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Dongnam-ro 892, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Dongnam-ro 892, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Yong Chung
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee Dae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Dongnam-ro 892, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Kim EH, Yoon JH, Yoon SS, Lee JY, Yoon SW. Efficacy of Chemotherapy Integrated With Traditional Korean Medicine in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735420983457. [PMID: 33349074 PMCID: PMC7758658 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420983457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This retrospective study investigated the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy (CTX) integrated with Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, in a single Korean center. Methods: From January, 2014 to February, 2019, patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who had received CTX were enrolled. Overall survival (OS), demographic characteristics, and adverse events were examined. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the differences in characteristics and to compare the survival rates between the CTX group and CTX+TKM group. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare the differences in survival time. A Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the hazard ratio of the risk of mortality. Results: A total 37 participants were included and visited a TKM hospital 7.4 ± 8.3 months after being diagnosed with metastatic pancreatic cancer. The median age of the participants was 62 years; 26 patients (70.3%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status between 0 and 2, and 23 patients (62.2 %) had first-line CTX failure. The median OS of all patients was 3.8 months (95% CI, 3.1-4.6). The CTX + TKM group showed longer survival (4.1 months; 95% CI, 2.4- .8) than the CTX group (2.4 months, 95% CI 0.2-4.6) but this was not statistically significant (P = .217). Chemotherapy with TKM treatment for more than 30 days (CTX + TKM ≥ 30) significantly prolonged median OS (9.1 months; 95% CI, 3.6-14.5; P = .025) compared to chemotherapy alone. Cox hazard ratio analysis revealed that CTX + TKM ≥ 30 and prior chemotherapy were significantly independent prognostic factors for OS. The main herbs in the TKM treatment were Rhus verniciflua Stokes and Astragalus. Severe adverse events with respect to TKM treatment were not reported. Conclusions: TKM treatment integrated with chemotherapy may prolong OS in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer compared to chemotherapy treatment alone. More rigorous prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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15
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Song SY, Ha SJ, Park JH, Park SJ, Shin SH, Oak C, Choi JY, Yoon SW, Kim JA, Yoon SH, Son JW, Kim SJ, Yoo HS. A randomized, multi-center, open-label study to compare the safety and efficacy between afatinib monotherapy and combination therapy of afatinib and HAD-B1 for the locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23455. [PMID: 33285743 PMCID: PMC7717758 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Afatinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor - tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) with proven efficacy for treating patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, responses are limited by acquired resistance. Because traditional Korean medicine may have synergistic effects when combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, the aim of our study is to elucidate the efficacy and safety of afatinib plus HangAmDan-B1 (HAD-B1) combination therapy in the treatment of patients with NSCLC, as well as EGFR mutations, who need afatinib therapy. METHODS/DESIGN This study is a randomized, multi-center, open clinical trial. A total of 178 eligible subjects, recruited at 8 centers, are randomly assigned to take Afatinib (20-40 mg) ± HAD-B1 (0.972 g/day) for 48 weeks. In the test group, HAD-B1 and afatinib will be used in combination. The primary outcome is a comparison of progression-free survival (PFS) between afatinib monotherapy and afatinib plus HAD-B1 combination therapy in patients with local advanced or metastatic (Stage IIIA, B, C/IV) NSCLC. Secondary outcomes are the overall survival rates, clinical responses, tumor size reductions, health-related qualities of life, and safety. DISCUSSION The result of this clinical trial will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of using HAD-B1 in the treatment of EGFR-positive patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who require afatinib therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Republic of Korea (ID: KCT0005414), on September 23, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yeon Song
- East West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon
| | - Su-Jeong Ha
- East West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon
| | - Ji-Hye Park
- East West Cancer Center, Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Seoul
| | - So-Jung Park
- East West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon
| | - Seong Hoon Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Pusan
| | - Chulho Oak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Pusan
| | - Jun-Yong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Korean Medicine & Korean Medicine Hospital of Pusan National University, Yangsan
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong
| | - Jung-A Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Gangdong Hospital, Seoul
| | - Seong Hoon Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan
| | - Ji Woong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Postech-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- East West Cancer Center, Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Seoul
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16
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Moon SY, Jerng UM, Kwon OJ, Jung SY, Lee JY, Yoon SW, Shin WC, Byun JI, Lee JH. Comparative Effectiveness of Cheonwangbosimdan (Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan) Versus Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Pilot Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735420935643. [PMID: 32627605 PMCID: PMC7338643 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420935643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients have a 2 times higher prevalence of insomnia than healthy
populations and cancer-related insomnia has received minimal attention while
insomnia can aggravate the rehabilitation of cancer patients. Cheonwangbosimdan
is a Korean herbal medicine generally used to relieve sleep deprivation,
however, few studies presented the effects of Cheonwangbosimdan on
cancer-related insomnia. The purpose of study is to examine the feasibility of
Cheonwangbosimdan treatments for cancer patients. Twenty-two participants were
allocated into a Cheonwangbosimdan or cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia
(CBT-I) control group by equal number. The intervention group took
Cheonwangbosimdan liquid once in a day and attend visits once a week for 4
weeks. The CBT-I group underwent individualized behavioral therapy 4 times in 4
weeks. The primary outcome is changes in the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) from
baseline to the end of the trial. Responses to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality
Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale
(SAS), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Euroqol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L),
and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) were
secondary outcomes used to evaluate the quality of sleep. Outcomes were measured
at a follow-up visit (visit 5) in the fifth week of the trial. There is no
difference between 2 groups, but both groups showed tendency to alleviate cancer
insomnia symptoms. SAS-K showed significant difference between the 2 groups (P
< .001), as treatment group score was highly lowered than control group
score. The study can contribute to more attentive care for insomnia in cancer
patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Moon
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,University of Science and Technology (UST), Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ui Min Jerng
- Sang-ji University Korean Medicine Hospital, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - O-Jin Kwon
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Jung
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chul Shin
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ick Byun
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Lee
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,University of Science and Technology (UST), Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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17
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Jung JW, Yoon SW, Lee GE, Shin HG, Kim H, Shin JW, Park IW, Choi BW, Kim JY. Poor nutritional intake is a dominant factor for weight loss in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:631-637. [PMID: 31097074 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
<sec id="st1"> <title>SETTING</title> Increase in energy expenditure and/or decrease in nutritional intake leads to low body mass index (BMI). The balance between energy expenditure and nutritional intake has rarely been evaluated in a large population of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). </sec> <sec id="st2"> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> To evaluate BMI, nutritional intake and physical activity and the association of these factors with the severity of airflow obstruction in COPD patients. </sec> <sec id="st3"> <title>DESIGN</title> We analysed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data set from 2012 to 2015. </sec> <sec id="st4"> <title>RESULTS</title> Among the 9682 individuals (1601 with COPD and 8081 without COPD) recruited, BMI was lower in COPD patients than in non-COPD participants (males, 23.86 ± 2.76 vs. 24.28 ± 2.80, P < 0.001; females, 23.63 ± 2.94 vs. 23.98 ± 3.10, P < 0.05). As the stage of COPD advanced, BMI, intake of nutrients (food, water and carbohydrates) and total energy levels declined in COPD patients. Total time spent walking in the preceding week decreased with advancing COPD stage in male patients with COPD. COPD severity was an important risk factor for the limitation of physical activity due to respiratory problems (OR 3.92, 95%CI 2.77∼5.34, P < 0.001). </sec> <sec id="st5"> <title>CONCLUSION</title> Patients with COPD had a low nutritional intake with little physical activity, which worsened with advancing COPD stage. In late-stage COPD, impaired nutritional intake outweighed the decrease in physical activity, resulting in weight loss. </sec>.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-W Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G-E Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-G Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I W Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B W Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Lee JY, Ryu HS, Yoon SS, Kim EH, Yoon SW. Extracellular-to-Intracellular Fluid Volume Ratio as a Prognostic Factor for Survival in Patients With Metastatic Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1534735419847285. [PMID: 31043080 PMCID: PMC6498769 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419847285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether the
extracellular-to-intracellular fluid volume (E/I) ratio can predict survival in
patients with metastatic cancer. Methods: Clinical data were
collected from April 2016 to March 2018. Patients aged ≥19 years with metastatic
solid tumor were eligible. Bioimpedance analysis was used to assess body fluid
distribution and the E/I ratio. Clinical characteristics, including laboratory
test results and nutrition status according to the E/I ratio, were analyzed. Cox
proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to identify risk
factors for mortality. Results: In total, 87 patients were included
in the study. The 87 patients were divided into 2 groups according to the median
E/I ratio: a high E/I group (E/I ratio ≥1.0, n = 43) and a low E/I group (E/I
ratio <1.0, n = 44). Poor performance status, fluid retention, malnutrition,
elevation of C-reactive protein levels, and decreases in hemoglobin, albumin,
and protein levels were significantly associated with the high E/I group. The
median overall survival time was 1.6 and 12.5 months in the high E/I and low E/I
groups, respectively (P < .001). In the multivariate
analysis, poor performance status, leukocytosis, fluid retention, and E/I ratio
were independent prognostic factors, and the E/I ratio was the strongest
prognostic factor predicting overall survival (hazard ratio = 3.49, 95%
confidence interval = 1.75-6.96, P < .001).
Conclusions: The E/I ratio can predict survival time in
patients with metastatic cancer. More rigorous research is required to confirm
this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Young Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at
Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Ryu
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at
Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at
Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at
Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at
Gangdong, Gangdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seong Woo Yoon, Department of Internal
Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at
Gangdong, Dongnamro 892, Gangdonggu, Seoul 134-727, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Shin S, Jang BH, Suh HS, Park SH, Lee JW, Yoon SW, Kong M, Lim YJ, Hwang DS. Effectiveness, safety, and economic evaluation of topical application of a herbal ointment, Jaungo, for radiation dermatitis after breast conserving surgery in patients with breast cancer (GREEN study): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15174. [PMID: 30985703 PMCID: PMC6485874 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This is a prospective, open-label, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial that evaluates the effectiveness and safety of adjuvant application of Jaungo (JUG) for radiation-induced dermatitis (RD) in breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy, in comparison with general supportive care (GSC). METHODS/DESIGN Eighty female patients, who have been diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer, will be allocated to either the JUG or GSC group with an allocation ratio of 1:1 after breast conservation surgery, in the Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Both the groups will be subjected to GSC, but only the JUG group participants will apply adjuvant JUG ointment on the irradiated skin for 6 weeks, twice a day. The primary outcome of this study is the assessment of incidence rate of RD using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) for toxicity gradation of 2 or more. Maximum pain level, quality of life, adverse reactions, and pharmacoeconomic evaluations will also be included. DISCUSSION The primary outcome will be statistically compared using the logrank test after estimating the survival curve using the Kaplan-Meier method. Continuous variables will be tested using independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test. The adverse events will be evaluated with Chi-square or Fisher exact test. All the data will be analyzed at a significance level of 0.05 (two-sided) with R software (The R Foundation). TRIAL REGISTRATION CRIS (Clinical Research Information Service), KCT0003506, 14 February 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Shin
- Senior Researcher, Clinical Trial Center, Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - Bo-Hyoung Jang
- Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - Hae Sun Suh
- Associate Professor, Pharmaceutical Economics, Outcomes Research and Policy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan
| | - Seung-Hyeok Park
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - Jin-Wook Lee
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Professor, Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - Moonkyoo Kong
- Assistant Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Yu Jin Lim
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul
| | - Deok-Sang Hwang
- Associate Professor, Department of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Kang Y, Yoon SW, Park B. Allergen‑removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes suppresses invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells through downregulation of the JAK/STAT and Src/FAK signaling pathways. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:3060-3068. [PMID: 30226611 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Due to drug resistance, and the high toxicity and adverse side effects of existing chemotherapeutic drugs, the current treatment of highly aggressive pancreatic cancer is considered inadequate. Allergen‑removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes (aRVS) has a strong antiproliferative effect in various cancer cells, and due to its low toxicity, it has emerged as an attractive candidate for cancer treatment. However, the potential use of aRVS as a treatment for pancreatic cancer is relatively unexplored. The present study examined the effects of aRVS on the invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells, and identified the molecular mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects. aRVS inhibited the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in pancreatic cancer cells, and decreased the protein expression of mucin 4. In addition, it inhibited the activation of focal adhesion kinase and Src signaling, and decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9, which may reduce the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. In conclusion, the present study suggested that aRVS may be a potential treatment for aggressive pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youra Kang
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, North Gyeongsang 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungduck Park
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, North Gyeongsang 42601, Republic of Korea
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21
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Lam WW, Fielding R, Yoon SW, Tsang J, Soong I. Living with advanced breast cancer in women resilient to distress versus women with persistent distress: a qualitative study. Hong Kong Med J 2018; 24 Suppl 4:38-41. [PMID: 30135274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W Wt Lam
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
| | - R Fielding
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
| | - S W Yoon
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
| | - J Tsang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital
| | - I Soong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital
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Noh H, Yoon SW, Park B. A Systematic Review of Herbal Medicine for Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018; 2018:6194184. [PMID: 29636782 PMCID: PMC5832158 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6194184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common adverse effect in cancer patients. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of herbal medicine in preventing and treating CIPN. METHODS Randomised controlled trials were included in this review. Extracting and assessing the data independently, two authors searched 13 databases. RESULTS Twenty-eight trials involving 2174 patients met the inclusion criteria. Although there were some exceptions, the methodological quality was typically low. Seventeen trials reported the incidence rate of CIPN assessed by various tools and 14 showed a significant difference regarding the decrease of the incidence rate between the two groups. For clinical improvement, 12 trials reported it using various tools and 10 showed a significant difference between two groups. Two cases of adverse events occurred in one trial; the other nine trials reported no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS We found that herbal medicines in combination with and/or without other therapies potentially have preventive or therapeutic effects on CIPN. However, conclusions cannot be drawn because of the generally low quality of the methodology, the clinical heterogeneity, and the small sample size for each single herbal medicine. Trials that are more rigorous and report sufficient methodological data are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonseok Noh
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongki Park
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Ilsan Oriental Hospital, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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23
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Oh HK, Lee JY, Eo WK, Yoon SW, Han SN. Elevated Serum Vitamin B12 Levels as a Prognostic Factor for Survival Time in Metastatic Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study. Nutr Cancer 2017; 70:37-44. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1397711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyung Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Kyu Eo
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Xiao WW, Evans TE, Tynan GR, Yoon SW, Jeon YM, Ko WH, Nam YU, Oh YK. Propagation Dynamics Associated with Resonant Magnetic Perturbation Fields in High-Confinement Mode Plasmas inside the KSTAR Tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:205001. [PMID: 29219375 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The propagation dynamics of resonant magnetic perturbation fields in KSTAR H-mode plasmas with injection of small edge perturbations produced by a supersonic molecular beam injection is reported for the first time. The results show that the perturbation field first excites a plasma response on the q=3 magnetic surface and then propagates inward to the q=2 surface with a radially averaged propagation velocity of resonant magnetic perturbations field equal to 32.5 m/ s. As a result, the perturbation field brakes the toroidal rotation on the q=3 surface first causing a momentum transport perturbation that propagates both inward and outward. A higher density fluctuation level is observed. The propagation velocity of the resonant magnetic perturbations field is larger than the radial propagation velocity of the perturbation in the toroidal rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Xiao
- Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - T E Evans
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - G R Tynan
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - S W Yoon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - Y M Jeon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - W H Ko
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - Y U Nam
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - Y K Oh
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
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25
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Lee JY, Oh HK, Ryu HS, Yoon SS, Eo W, Yoon SW. Efficacy and Safety of the Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gamiguibi-tang, in Patients With Cancer-Related Sleep Disturbance: A Prospective, Randomized, Wait-List-Controlled, Pilot Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2017; 17:524-530. [PMID: 29034740 PMCID: PMC6041922 DOI: 10.1177/1534735417734914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep disturbance is the second most bothersome symptom in patients with cancer, and it can significantly impair their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the traditional herbal medicine Gamiguibi-tang (GGBT) in patients with cancer-related sleep disturbance. Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, wait-list-controlled, open-label pilot clinical trial on cancer-related sleep disturbance. Patients with cancer experiencing poor sleep quality with a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index of at least 6 were randomly assigned to the GGBT and wait-list groups to receive GGBT and conventional care, respectively, for 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score. Fatigue, depression, and cognitive impairment were assessed as the secondary endpoints by using the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results: Thirty participants who met the eligibility criteria were enrolled. Sleep disturbance assessed using the ISI improved significantly more in the GGBT group than in the wait-list group (−5.5 ± 4.4 vs 0.1 ± 1.1, P < .001). Fatigue level determined using the BFI also improved significantly more in the GGBT group than in the wait-list group (−0.8 ± 0.8 vs 0.0 ± 0.3, P = .002). The BDI and MoCA scores showed no significant changes. Adverse events were reported in two patients in the GGBT group and consisted of mild dyspepsia and mild edema. Conclusion: GGBT may be a potential treatment option for cancer-related sleep disturbance. Further research is needed to investigate the efficacy and safety of GGBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Young Lee
- 1 Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Oh
- 1 Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Ryu
- 1 Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Yoon
- 1 Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wankyu Eo
- 2 College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- 1 Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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26
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Lyoo KS, Na W, Phan LV, Yoon SW, Yeom M, Song D, Jeong DG. Experimental infection of clade 1.1.2 (H5N1), clade 2.3.2.1c (H5N1) and clade 2.3.4.4 (H5N6) highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in dogs. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 64:1669-1675. [PMID: 29024492 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in Asia, the haemagglutinin (HA) gene of this virus lineage has continued to evolve in avian populations, and H5N1 lineage viruses now circulate concurrently worldwide. Dogs may act as an intermediate host, increasing the potential for zoonotic transmission of influenza viruses. Virus transmission and pathologic changes in HPAI clade 1.1.2 (H5N1)-, 2.3.2.1c (H5N1)- and 2.3.4.4 (H5N6)-infected dogs were investigated. Mild respiratory signs and antibody response were shown in dogs intranasally infected with the viruses. Lung histopathology showed lesions that were associated with moderate interstitial pneumonia in the infected dogs. In this study, HPAI H5N6 virus replication in dogs was demonstrated for the first time. Dogs have been suspected as a "mixing vessel" for reassortments between avian and human influenza viruses to occur. The replication of these three subtypes of the H5 lineage of HPAI viruses in dogs suggests that dogs could serve as intermediate hosts for avian-human influenza virus reassortment if they are also co-infected with human influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Lyoo
- Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - W Na
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - L V Phan
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - S W Yoon
- Viral Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - M Yeom
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - D Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - D G Jeong
- Viral Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
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Kong M, Hwang DS, Yoon SW, Kim J. The effect of clove-based herbal mouthwash on radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer: a single-blind randomized preliminary study. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:4533-8. [PMID: 27524909 PMCID: PMC4966496 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s108769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of clove-based herbal mouthwash in ameliorating radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. Methods Fourteen patients were prospectively enrolled in this study and randomized to either an experimental group or a control group. The patients of the experimental group swished their mouths with a clove-based herbal mouthwash during radiotherapy (RT), while the patients of the control group swished with clear water. The primary end point of this study was incidence of radiation-induced oral mucositis. The secondary end points were time to onset of radiation-induced oral mucositis, duration of radiation-induced oral mucositis, incidence of supplemental nutrition through feeding tube, maximum pain score, body weight loss, incidence of RT interruption, and duration of RT interruption. Results The use of clove-based herbal mouthwash shortened the duration of grade ≥2 mucositis (24.3 days vs 37.1 days, P=0.044) and reduced body weight loss during RT (3.1% vs 7.4%, P=0.023) compared with clear water. The use of clove-based herbal mouthwash also reduced the incidence of grade 3 mucositis (28.6% vs 57.1%), supplemental nutrition (0% vs 28.6%), and RT interruption (14.3% vs 28.6%), and reduced the duration of grade 3 mucositis (5.1 days vs 17.7 days) and RT interruption (1 days vs 8.5 days). In addition, clove-based herbal mouthwash delayed the time to onset of mucositis (26.6 days vs 24.5 days) and reduced the maximum pain score (4.1 vs 4.9). However, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion Although we could not find significant differences in some end points, this single-blind randomized study showed that a clove-based herbal mouthwash can have a potentially beneficial effect on minimizing or preventing radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. To confirm the results of our study, well-designed randomized studies with large sample sizes will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonkyoo Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine
| | - Deok-Sang Hwang
- Department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong
| | - Jinsung Kim
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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28
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Park JH, Cho YY, Yoon SW, Park B. Suppression of MMP-9 and FAK expression by pomolic acid via blocking of NF-κB/ERK/mTOR signaling pathways in growth factor-stimulated human breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1230-40. [PMID: 27573547 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) have been implicated in the invasion, metastasis and cell motility of cancer cells. It is considered that epidermal growth factor (EGF) may increase cell motility, an event involved in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Pomolic acid (PA), an active triterpenoid from Euscaphis japonica, is known to inhibit the proliferation of a variety of cancer cells, but the effect of PA on the invasiveness of cancer cells is largely unknown. In this study, we first determined the molecular mechanism by which PA inhibits the migratory and invasive abilities of highly metastatic MDA-MB‑231 cells. Transwell invasion, wound-healing assay and F-actin reorganization showed that PA significantly inhibits the EGF-induced invasion, migration and cell motility by reducing expression of MMP-9 and FAK phosphorylation. In particular, PA potently suppressed the phosphorylation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, extraceullar signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Furthermore, PA treatment inhibited the DNA binding activity of NF-κB and activator protein (AP)-1, which is known to mediate the expression of EGFR and MMP-9. These results suggest that PA may be a potential therapeutic candidate for treatment of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Young Cho
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Cancer Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungduck Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Cysteine X cysteine (CXC) chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) were originally identified as chemoattractants between immune cells and sites of inflammation. Since studies have validated an increased level of CXCL12 and its receptor in patients with colorectal cancers, CXCL12/CXCR4 axis has been considered as a valuable marker of cancer metastasis. Therefore, identification of CXCR4 inhibitors has great potential to abrogate tumor metastasis. Onbaekwon (OBW) is a complex herbal formula that is derived from the literature of traditional Korean medicine Dongeuibogam. In this study, we demonstrated that OBW suppressed CXCR4 expression in various cancer cell types in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Both proteasomal and lysosomal inhibitors had no effect to prevent the OBW-induced suppression of CXCR4, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of OBW was not due to proteolytic degradation but occurred at the transcriptional level. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay further confirmed that OBW could block endogenous activation of nuclear factor kappa B, a key transcription factor that regulates the expression of CXCR4 in colon cancer cells. Consistent with the aforementioned molecular basis, OBW abolished cell invasion induced by CXCL12 in colon cancer cells. Together, our results suggest that OBW, as a novel inhibitor of CXCR4, could be a promising therapeutic agent contributing to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Kim
- 1 Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | | | - Seong Woo Yoon
- 2 Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
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30
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Lam WWT, Yoon SW, Sze WK, Ng AWY, Soong I, Kwong A, Suen D, Tsang J, Yeo W, Wong KY, Fielding R. Comparing the meanings of living with advanced breast cancer between women resilient to distress and women with persistent distress: a qualitative study. Psychooncology 2016; 26:255-261. [PMID: 27061966 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) show little distress, but about one in ten show persistent distress over time. It remains unclear if meanings ascribed by patients to ABC differentiate these distress trajectories. STUDY AIMS This qualitative study (a) compared illness meanings of ABC between women with persistent psychological distress and those with low/transient distress, and (b) examined how illness meanings might influence coping strategies. METHODS The sample was drawn from a prior quantitative study exploring psychological distress trajectories following ABC diagnosis. Overall, 42 Cantonese- or Mandarin-speaking Chinese women diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic ABC were recruited based on their distress trajectory status (low-stable, transient, or persistent distress). Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed following grounded theory approach using simultaneous analysis. RESULTS Women with persistent distress viewed their diagnosis as another blow in life, the illness was global, permeating every aspect of their life. Maladaptive rumination and thought suppression were common responses to illness demands. These women had poor social support. A sense of demoralization stood out in their narratives. In contrast, women with transient/low-stable distress encapsulated the illness, with minimum impacts of their life. They did not evidence dysfunctional repetitive thoughts. Living in a supportive environment, they were able to accept and/or live in the present-moment. CONCLUSIONS Rumination, thought suppression, social constraints, and pre-existing exposure to life stress may be potential risks for chronic distress in response to advanced breast cancer. Persistent and transient distress responses to cancer may have different underpinnings. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W T Lam
- Centre for Psycho-Oncology Research and Training, School of Public Health, HKU, Hong Kong
| | - S W Yoon
- Centre for Psycho-Oncology Research and Training, School of Public Health, HKU, Hong Kong
| | - W K Sze
- Department of Clinical Oncology, TMH, Hong Kong
| | - A W Y Ng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, TMH, Hong Kong
| | - I Soong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, PYNEH, Hong Kong
| | - A Kwong
- Department of Surgery, HKU, Hong Kong
| | - D Suen
- Department of Surgery, HKU, Hong Kong
| | - J Tsang
- Department of Medicine, HKU, Hong Kong
| | - W Yeo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, CUHK, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Wong
- Department of Oncology, PMH, Hong Kong
| | - R Fielding
- Centre for Psycho-Oncology Research and Training, School of Public Health, HKU, Hong Kong
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31
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Kim HC, Yoon SW, Lew H. Usefulness of the ratio of orbital fat to total orbit area in mild-to-moderate thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20150164. [PMID: 26151616 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify a useful predictor of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) from orbital CT images; to evaluate the orbital fat and extraocular muscle area ratio as a CT-derived measure; and to investigate the correlations between this ratio and the clinical manifestations in mild-to-moderate TAO. METHODS Between January 2012 and March 2013, 44 patients with TAO and 23 controls were studied prospectively. All of the patients underwent ophthalmic examinations, including clinical activity score, exophthalmometry, clinical photographs, alternate prism and cover test, duction and version test, Hess screen test, binocular single vision test, thyroid function tests and orbital CT. The cross-sectional areas of the four rectus muscles, superior oblique muscle, optic nerve and total orbit area were calculated in the coronal view 6 mm posterior from the posterior pole of globe. RESULTS The cross-sectional area measured on orbital CT showed increased orbital fat in patients with TAO and an increased orbital fat to total orbit area ratio (fat/orbit) in TAO with retraction and proptosis. There were significant correlations between fat/orbit and margin reflex distance 1 (p = 0.022), margin reflex distance 2 (p = 0.013) and the exophthalmometric value (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION The orbital fat to total orbit area ratio (fat/orbit) is a useful diagnostic index in mild-to-moderate TAO. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The orbital CT offers a useful diagnostic index in TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Kim
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Yoon
- 2 Department of Radiology, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lew
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Ko WH, Lee HH, Jeon YM, Ida K, Lee JH, Yoon SW, Lee KD, Bae YS, Oh YK, Kwak JG. Rotation characteristics during the resonant magnetic perturbation induced edge localized mode suppression on the KSTAR. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E413. [PMID: 25430320 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Measuring rotation profiles with a reliable spatial resolution is one of the critical diagnostics in understanding the plasma behavior especially for the edge transport. In the KSTAR experiments, it has been consistently observed from the charge exchange spectroscopy measurements that the magnetic perturbations not only suppresses edge localized modes (ELMs) but also reduces toroidal rotations. In this paper, toroidal velocities of the carbon impurity and their profile evolutions during ELMy and ELM-suppressed phases are presented. The rotation profiles are shown to collapse immediately after an ELM burst and continue to build up until the next burst that accompanies another collapse. Toroidal rotations following the resonant magnetic perturbations applications are observed to be reduced along with the ELMs suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ha Ko
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - H H Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y M Jeon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - K Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - J H Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S W Yoon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - K D Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y S Bae
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y K Oh
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J G Kwak
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
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Lee JH, Oh S, Lee WR, Ko WH, Kim KP, Lee KD, Jeon YM, Yoon SW, Cho KW, Narihara K, Yamada I, Yasuhara R, Hatae T, Yatsuka E, Ono T, Hong JH. Edge profile measurements using Thomson scattering on the KSTAR tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11D407. [PMID: 25430170 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the KSTAR Tokamak, a "Tangential Thomson Scattering" (TTS) diagnostic system has been designed and installed to measure electron density and temperature profiles. In the edge system, TTS has 12 optical fiber bundles to measure the edge profiles with 10-15 mm spatial resolution. These 12 optical fibers and their spatial resolution are not enough to measure the pedestal width with a high accuracy but allow observations of L-H transition or H-L transitions at the edge. For these measurements, the prototype ITER edge Thomson Nd:YAG laser system manufactured by JAEA in Japan is installed. In this paper, the KSTAR TTS system is briefly described and some TTS edge profiles are presented and compared against the KSTAR Charge Exchange Spectroscopy and other diagnostics. The future upgrade plan of the system is also discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S Oh
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - W R Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - W H Ko
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - K P Kim
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - K D Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y M Jeon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S W Yoon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - K W Cho
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - K Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - I Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - R Yasuhara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Hatae
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Japan
| | - E Yatsuka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Japan
| | - T Ono
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Japan
| | - J H Hong
- Department of Physics, KAIST, South Korea
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Lee J, Yoon SW. Efficacy and Safety of Moxibustion for Relieving Pain in Patients With Metastatic Cancer: A Pilot, Randomized, Single-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2013; 13:211-6. [PMID: 24282101 DOI: 10.1177/1534735413510025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moxibustion has been traditionally used to manage pain related to chronic diseases, including cancer. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion for relieving cancer pain in patients with metastatic cancer. METHODS A total of 16 patients were randomly divided into a true moxibustion (TM) group or a sham moxibustion (SM) group. In both groups, moxibustion was applied for 10 minutes, once daily for 7 consecutive days. In the SM group, the moxa cone was removed earlier than in the TM group, so as not to deliver heat stimulation completely into the skin. The changes of pain severity using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and quality of life measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) were observed. A blinding credibility test was done to validate the sham moxibustion procedure. RESULTS The total BPI score significantly decreased in the TM group compared with the SM group (TM vs SM: -0.97 ± 1.05 vs 0.35 ± 0.60,P= .025). The 2 subsets of BPI, pain intensity score and pain interference score, also significantly decreased in the TM group (TM vs SM: intensity, -0.82 ± 0.93 vs 0.46 ± 0.87,P= .020; interference, -1.12 ± 1.31 vs 0.24 ± 0.61,P= .047). Even after adjusting for the values of opioid consumption, these results remained significant. FACT-G did not significantly improve in the TM group. The blinding to sham moxibustion was credible and no serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION We suggest that moxibustion could be a safe and potential modality for cancer-related pain in patients with metastatic cancer. With the limitation of small sample size, a larger and long-term follow-up study is necessary to determine more definitely the efficacy of moxibustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsoo Lee
- Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woo Yoon
- Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yoon SW, Jeong JS, Kim JH, Aggarwal BB. Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Integrating Traditional Korean Medicine Into Modern Cancer Care. Integr Cancer Ther 2013; 13:310-31. [PMID: 24282099 DOI: 10.1177/1534735413510023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of billions of dollars spent on cancer research each year, overall cancer incidence and cancer survival has not changed significantly in the last half century. Instead, the recent projection from the World Health Organization suggests that global cancer incidence and death is expected to double within the next decade. This requires an "out of the box" thinking approach. While traditional medicine used for thousands of years is safe and affordable, its efficacy and mechanism of action are not fully reported. Demonstrating that traditional medicine is efficacious and how it works can provide a "bed to bench" and "bench to bed" back approach toward prevention and treatment of cancer. This current review is an attempt to describe the contributions of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) to modern medicine and, in particular, cancer treatment. TKM suggests that cancer is an outcome of an imbalance of body, mind, and spirit; thus, it requires a multimodal treatment approach that involves lifestyle modification, herbal prescription, acupuncture, moxibustion, traditional exercise, and meditation to restore the balance. Old wisdoms in combination with modern science can find a new way to deal with the "emperor of all maladies."
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Jeong
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Park JK, Jeon YM, Menard JE, Ko WH, Lee SG, Bae YS, Joung M, You KI, Lee KD, Logan N, Kim K, Ko JS, Yoon SW, Hahn SH, Kim JH, Kim WC, Oh YK, Kwak JG. Rotational resonance of nonaxisymmetric magnetic braking in the KSTAR tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:095002. [PMID: 24033042 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.095002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the important rotational resonances in nonaxisymmetric neoclassical transport has been experimentally validated in the KSTAR tokamak by applying highly nonresonant n=1 magnetic perturbations to rapidly rotating plasmas. These so-called bounce-harmonic resonances are expected to occur in the presence of magnetic braking perturbations when the toroidal rotation is fast enough to resonate with periodic parallel motions of trapped particles. The predicted and observed resonant peak along with the toroidal rotation implies that the toroidal rotation in tokamaks can be controlled naturally in favorable conditions to stability, using nonaxisymmetric magnetic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-K Park
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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Yun GS, Park HK, Lee W, Choi MJ, Choe GH, Park S, Bae YS, Lee KD, Yoon SW, Jeon YM, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Tobias B, Donné AJH. Appearance and dynamics of helical flux tubes under electron cyclotron resonance heating in the core of KSTAR plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:145003. [PMID: 23083252 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.145003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dual (or sometimes multiple) flux tubes (DFTs) have been observed in the core of sawtoothing KSTAR tokamak plasmas with electron cyclotron resonance heating. The time evolution of the flux tubes visualized by a 2D electron cyclotron emission imaging diagnostic typically consists of four distinctive phases: (1) growth of one flux tube out of multiple small flux tubes during the initial buildup period following a sawtooth crash, resulting in a single dominant flux tube along the m/n=1/1 helical magnetic field lines, (2) sudden rapid growth of another flux tube via a fast heat transfer from the first one, resulting in approximately identical DFTs, (3) coalescence of the two flux tubes into a single m/n=1/1 flux tube resembling the internal kink mode in the normal sawteeth, which is explained by a model of two current-carrying wires confined on a flux surface, and (4) fast localized crash of the merged flux tube similar to the standard sawtooth crash. The dynamics of the DFTs implies that the internal kink mode is not a unique prerequisite to the sawtooth crash, providing a new insight on the control of the sawtooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Yun
- POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
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Abstract
A fast ion loss detector (FILD) has been installed and tested in Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR). KSTAR FILD measures the energy and the pitch-angle of the escaping ions with the striking positions on the scintillator plane. Measurements of the fast ion loss have been performed for the neutral beam heated plasmas. Initial experimental results indicate the prompt losses from neutral beam are dominant and the effects of the resonant magnetic perturbation on the fast ion loss are investigated. In addition, further design change of the detector-head in order to avoid excessive heat load and to detect the fusion products or the fast ions having order of MeV of energy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghee Kim
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea.
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Jeon YM, Park JK, Yoon SW, Ko WH, Lee SG, Lee KD, Yun GS, Nam YU, Kim WC, Kwak JG, Lee KS, Kim HK, Yang HL. Suppression of edge localized modes in high-confinement KSTAR plasmas by nonaxisymmetric magnetic perturbations. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:035004. [PMID: 22861864 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.035004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Edge localized modes (ELMs) in high-confinement mode plasmas were completely suppressed in KSTAR by applying n=1 nonaxisymmetric magnetic perturbations. Initially, the ELMs were intensified with a reduction of frequency, but completely suppressed later. The electron density had an initial 10% decrease followed by a gradual increase as ELMs were suppressed. Interesting phenomena such as a saturated evolution of edge T(e) and broadband changes of magnetic fluctuations were observed, suggesting the change of edge transport by the applied magnetic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Jeon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea.
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Ryu IG, Chung SW, Yoon SW. Modelling a turbidity current in Soyang reservoir (Korea) and its control using a selective withdrawal facility. Water Sci Technol 2011; 63:1864-1872. [PMID: 21902024 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Persistent turbidity in reservoirs and their downstream after flood events is one of most important environmental issues in Korea. Recently, modification of withdrawal facility and installation of a new selective withdrawal structure (SWS) have been implemented for the mitigation of downstream impact and sediment loading into water treatment facilities. This study was to explore the characteristics of flood density flow induced into Soyang Reservoir and the transport processes of suspended sediments (SS) through application of coupled two-dimensional hydrodynamic and particle dynamic models (TM-1, TM-2 and TM-3). The TM-3 including a turbidity attenuation rate as a lumped parameter showed best performance in reproducing the magnitude and distribution of SS in the reservoir. The validated model was applied to evaluate the effectiveness of SWS, which was designed for the reservoir, with 6 different historical flood events. The magnitude of vertical mixing of the turbidity plume and its persistence within the reservoir were closely correlated to the ratio of the volume of turbidity flow to the total reservoir storage (the theta value). The operation of SWS showed a positive effect as long as theta is between 0.3 and 0.6 but negative when theta = 0.83 for the study reservoir, thus it should be optimized based on the theta value for a better management of the reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G Ryu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshing-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361763, Korea.
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Kim HJ, Yoo HS, Kim JC, Park CS, Choi MS, Kim M, Choi H, Min JS, Kim YS, Yoon SW, Ahn JK. Antiviral effect of Curcuma longa Linn extract against hepatitis B virus replication. J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 124:189-196. [PMID: 19409970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Revised: 03/19/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A medicinal herb Curcuma longa Linn has been used for treating various liver diseases caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Asia. AIM OF THE STUDY The study was performed in order to investigate the antiviral activity of Curcuma longa Linn against HBV replication in liver cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous extract of Curcuma longa Linn (CLL) was prepared and used to analyze its antiviral activity against HBV replication in HepG 2.2.15 cells, which contain HBV genomes. The inhibitory effect of CLL on HBV replication was examined by testing the levels of secreted HBV surface antigens (HBsAg), HBV DNAs, and HBV RNAs in HepG 2.2.15 cells using ELISA, Southern blot, and Northern blot analyses. Cytotoxic activities of CLL extract on various liver cells were analyzed by MTT assay. To dissect the inhibitory mechanism of CLL extract on HBV replication, the levels of p53 protein and p53 mRNAs were analyzed by Western blot and RT-PCR in HepG 2.2.15 cells. The repression of CLL extract on HBV transcription was analyzed by RT-PCR and CAT assay. RESULTS CLL extract repressed the secretion of HBsAg from HepG 2.2.15 cells. CLL extract also suppressed the production of HBV particles and the level of intracellular HBV RNAs in HepG 2.2.15 cells, suggesting that CLL extract inhibits HBV replication. We found that the anti-HBV activity of CLL extract is mediated through enhancing the cellular accumulation of p53 protein by transactivating the transcription of p53 gene as well as increasing the stability of p53 protein. It turned out that CLL extract repressed the transcription of HBx gene by suppressing HBV enhancer I and X promoter through p53 protein. In addition, CLL extract did not have any cytotoxic effects on liver cells. CONCLUSION These data showed that CLL extract represses HBV replication through enhancing the level of p53 protein. CLL extract can be used as a safe and specific drug for patients with liver diseases caused by HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
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Lee YB, Yoon SW, Lee CK, Lee MH. Wearable EDA sensor gloves using conducting fabric and embedded system. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2008; Suppl:6785-8. [PMID: 17959512 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.260947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We developed wearable EDA sensor gloves using conducting fabric and embedded system. EDA(Electro-dermal Activity) signal is an electric response on the skin of the human body. There are SCL(Skin Conductance Level) and SCR(Skin Conductance Response) in EDA. Mostly, SCL consists of DC elements. On the other hand, SCR consists of AC elements. We use the relationship between the drowsiness condition and EDA signal We made EDA sensors using conducting fabric instead of Agcl electrode for a more suitable wearable device. And we used an embedded system for EDA signal acquisition and processing instead of a personal computer, which is connected to the EDA sensor gloves through conducting fabric lines. Also, the embedded system is linked to a Notebook PC that shows the results of EDA signal processing analysis and gives proper feedback to the user. This system, for example, can be used in detecting and preventing drowsiness driving accidents for automobile drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Lee
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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Yoon SW, Chun JS, Sung MH, Kim JY, Poo H. alpha-MSH inhibits TNF-alpha-induced matrix metalloproteinase-13 expression by modulating p38 kinase and nuclear factor kappaB signaling in human chondrosarcoma HTB-94 cells. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008; 16:115-24. [PMID: 17683952 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 05/26/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Proinflammatory cytokine-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a major cause of arthritic cartilage destruction. The neuropeptide, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), has been detected in the synovial fluid of arthritis patients, where it is thought to play an anti-inflammatory role. Here, we examined whether alpha-MSH acts via downregulation of MMP expression, and sought to elucidate the intracellular signal pathways underlying this effect. DESIGN Human chondrosarcoma cell line, HTB-94 (SW1353) was pretreated with or without alpha-MSH and then treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The effect of alpha-MSH on TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression and mitogen-activated protein kinases' (MAPKs) activation were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Additionally, the intracellular signaling of alpha-MSH was investigated using the inhibitors of MAPK and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and plasmids encoding dominant negative (dn) forms of inhibitor kappaB kinase-alpha (IKKalpha) and inhibitor kappaB kinase-beta (IKKbeta). RESULTS We found that alpha-MSH pretreatment inhibited TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression and p38 kinase phosphorylation in HTB-94 human chondrosarcoma cells. TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression was not suppressed by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors (PD98059 and U0126) or a c-jun terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor (SP600125), but was inhibited by inhibitors of p38 kinase (SB203580) and NF-kappaB (SN-50 peptide) and dnIKKalpha and dnIKKbeta. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that alpha-MSH regulates TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression by decreasing p38 kinase phosphorylation and subsequent NF-kappaB activation in human chondrocytes and may be an effective inhibitor of MMP-13-mediated collagen degradation, providing new potential opportunities for the development of anti-arthritis therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Yoon
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, Republic of Korea
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Kim KS, Lee KI, Kim HY, Yoon SW, Hong SH. Dependence of particle volume fraction on sound velocity and attenuation of EPDM composites. Ultrasonics 2007; 46:177-83. [PMID: 17395231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2007.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2005] [Revised: 06/16/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The sound velocity and the attenuation coefficient of EPDM (Ethylene-propylene Diene Monomer) composites incorporated with Silicon Carbide particles (SiCp's) of various volume fractions (0-40%) were experimentally and theoretically investigated. For the experiment a through-transmission technique was used. For the theoretical prediction, some mechanical property models such as Reuss model and Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA) model etc. were employed. The experimental results showed that the sound velocity decreased with the increase of the SiCp volume fraction up to 30% and then increased with the 40 vol% specimen. The attenuation coefficient was increased with the increasing SiCp volume fractions. The modified Reuss model with a longitudinal elastic modulus predicted most well the experimental sound velocity and elastic modulus results.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yusung-Gu, Kusung-Dong, Daejon, Republic of Korea
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Yu JS, Kim KW, Park MS, Yoon SW. Bile duct injuries leading to portal vein obliteration after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in the liver: CT findings and initial observations. Radiology 2001; 221:429-36. [PMID: 11687687 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2212010339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To document the computed tomographic (CT) findings of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)-induced, localized bile duct injuries leading to portal vein branch obliteration in the liver and to elucidate the clinical implications with retrospective review of the authors' experiences. MATERIALS AND METHODS Follow-up CT scans obtained in 11 patients with TACE-induced intrahepatic bile duct dilatation were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate serial changes in the adjacent portal vein branches and hepatic parenchyma. Clinical data, including time between TACE and CT and serum alkaline phosphatase levels, also were analyzed. RESULTS Of 11 patients with marked (n = 8) or mild (n = 3), lobar (n = 4) or segmental (n = 7) bile duct dilatation with or without bile collection in the tissue sheaths of the Glisson capsule or hepatic parenchyma, nine (82%) had bile duct changes at the first CT follow-up, within 1 month after TACE. Marked narrowing or obliteration of the adjacent intrahepatic portal vein branches in 10 (91%) patients resulted in progressive atrophy of the corresponding hepatic parenchyma in nine (82%) at variable times after TACE. The serum alkaline phosphatase level increased to more than 200 U/L in eight (89%) of nine patients 1 month after TACE. CONCLUSION TACE-induced intrahepatic bile duct injury resulting in obliteration of the adjacent portal vein branch seems to be one cause of hepatic parenchymal atrophic changes after TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and the Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, YongDong Severance Hospital, 146-92 Dogok-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-270, South Korea.
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Park MS, Yu JS, Kim KW, Kim MJ, Chung JP, Yoon SW, Chung JJ, Lee JT, Yoo HS. Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: comparison between MR cholangiography and direct cholangiography. Radiology 2001; 220:677-82. [PMID: 11526266 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2202001252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiography with that of direct cholangiography for the evaluation of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis underwent MR cholangiography before surgery, and 18 of these 24 also underwent direct cholangiography. Two reviewers evaluated MR cholangiograms and direct cholangiograms and focused on identifying intrahepatic ductal dilatation, stricture, and calculi, as well as coexistent parenchymal abnormalities, on the basis of the classification of the internal lobes and segments of the liver. These observations were compared with surgical findings. RESULTS According to examination results in the surgical specimens, 24 patients had 46 segmental abnormalities. MR cholangiography depicted all 46 (100%) segments with ductal dilatation, 22 (96%) of 23 segments with focal ductal stricture, and 43 (98%) of 44 segments with ductal calculi. Eighteen patients who underwent direct cholangiography had 32 segmental abnormalities according to examination results in the surgical specimens. Direct cholangiography depicted 15 (47%) of 32 segments with ductal dilatation, eight (44%) of 18 segments with focal ductal stricture, and 14 (45%) of 31 segments with ductal calculi. CONCLUSION MR cholangiography is superior to direct cholangiography for accurate topographic evaluation of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis because it is able to depict all of the biliary tree, despite obstruction or stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Park
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, YongDong Severance Hospital, 146-92, Dokok-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, 135-270, South Korea
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Kim JM, Park ES, Jeong JS, Kim KM, Kim JM, Oh HS, Yoon SW, Chang HS, Chang KH, Lee SI, Lee MS, Song JH, Kang MW, Park SC, Choe KW, Pai CH. Multicenter surveillance study for nosocomial infections in major hospitals in Korea. Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Committee of the Korean Society for Nosocomial Infection Control. Am J Infect Control 2000; 28:454-8. [PMID: 11114615 DOI: 10.1067/mic.2000.107592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goals of a surveillance for nosocomial infections (NIs) are to observe the magnitude and characteristics of NIs and to plan and evaluate policies and guidelines of infection control. This study was designed to determine the rate and distribution of NIs and their causative pathogens in Korean hospitals. METHODS Prospective surveillance was performed at 15 acute care hospitals with more than 500 beds during a 3-month period from June to August 1996. The case-finding methods were laboratory-based surveillance for patients in the general wards and a direct review of medical charts done regularly for all the patients in the intensive care units. RESULTS A total of 3162 NIs were found among 85,547 discharged patients, with an overall nosocomial infection rate of 3.70 per 100 patients discharged. Urinary tract infections constituted 30.3% of all NIs. Other infections were pneumonias, 17.2%, surgical site infections, 15.5%, and primary bloodstream infections, 14.5%. The infection rate was the highest in neurosurgery (14.21), followed by neurology (8. 62) and ontology services (6.70). The infection rate in intensive care units was higher than it was in the general wards (10.74 vs 2. 57, P =.001). The commonly isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (17.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.8%), and Escherichia coli (12.3%). CONCLUSIONS This first multicenter surveillance study provided extensive information on the current status and trends of NIs in major hospitals in Korea. The results may contribute to the evaluation of infection control programs and the development of effective strategies in these hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document the imaging findings of hepatic cavernous hemangioma detected in cirrhotic liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS The imaging findings of 14 hepatic cavernous hemangiomas in ten patients with liver cirrhosis were retrospectively analyzed. A diagnosis of hepatic cavernous hemangioma was based on the findings of two or more of the following imaging studies: MR, including contrast-enhanced dynamic imaging (n = 10), dynamic CT (n = 4), hepatic arteriography (n = 9), and US (n = 10). RESULTS The mean size of the 14 hepatic hemangiomas was 0.9 (range, 0.5-1.5) cm in the longest dimension. In 11 of these (79%), contrast-enhanced dynamic CT and MR imaging showed rapid contrast enhancement of the entire lesion during the early phase, and hepatic arteriography revealed globular enhancement and rapid filling-in. On contrast-enhanced MR images, three lesions (21%) showed partial enhancement until the 5-min delayed phases. US indicated that while three slowly enhancing lesions were homogeneously hyperechoic, 9 (82%) of 11 showing rapid enhancement were not delineated. CONCLUSION The majority of hepatic cavernous hemangiomas detected in cirrhotic liver are small in size, and in many, hepatic arteriography and/or contrast-enhanced dynamic CT and MR imaging demonstrates rapid enhancement. US, however, fails to distinguish a lesion of this kind from its cirrhotic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Jun HS, Yoon SW, Kang Y, Pak CY, Lee MC, Yoon JW. Cloning and expression of the VP1 major capsid protein of diabetogenic encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus and prevention of EMC virus-induced diabetes by immunization with the recombinant VP1 protein. J Gen Virol 1995; 76 ( Pt 10):2557-66. [PMID: 7595359 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-76-10-2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of diabetes in mice induced by encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus provides the best experimental evidence that viruses have an aetiological role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The major capsid protein (VP1) of EMC virus is important for both the attachment of the virus to pancreatic beta cells and for the determination of antigenicity. This experiment was initiated to clone the gene for the major capsid protein, VP1, of the diabetogenic EMC (EMC-D) virus, express the VP1 protein, and test whether the recombinant VP1 protein can prevent development of EMC-D virus-induced diabetes in mice. We successfully cloned the VP1 gene of the EMC-D virus in the expression vector pRSET and subsequently expressed the protein in Escherichia coli. The recombinant VP1 protein was then purified by affinity chromatography. Five- to six-week-old male SJL/J mice were immunized intraperitoneally with purified VP1 protein and then challenged after various intervals with highly diabetogenic EMC-D virus. None of the VP1-immunized mice developed diabetes, irrespective of the interval between immunization and virus challenge, whereas 80 to 95% of the EMC-D virus-infected control mice did develop diabetes. All of the VP1-immunized mice showed intact pancreatic islet architecture, whereas most of the infected control mice showed severe beta cell necrosis and lymphocytic infiltration of their pancreatic islets. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that the recombinant VP1 protein of EMC-D virus can completely prevent the development of EMC-D virus-induced diabetes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Jun
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Detera-Wadleigh SD, Yoon SW, Berrettini WH, Goldin LR, Turner G, Yoshikawa T, Rollins DY, Muniec D, Nurnberger JI, Gershon ES. Adrenocorticotropin receptor/melanocortin receptor-2 maps within a reported susceptibility region for bipolar illness on chromosome 18. Am J Med Genet 1995; 60:317-21. [PMID: 7485268 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320600411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the possible linkage of adrenocorticotropin receptor/melanocortin receptor-2 (ACTHR/MC-2) to a reported putative susceptibility locus for bipolar illness (BP) in 20 affected pedigrees. Initially, allelic variants of the gene were identified by polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and the gene was genetically mapped using both the Centre d'Etudes du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) pedigrees and the BP pedigrees used in this study. We found that the ACTHR/MC-2 gene maps between D18S53 and D18S66. These loci span a region of chromosome 18 which, in a previous study [Berrettini et al.: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:5918-5921, 1994) revealed a putative predisposing locus to BP through nonparametric methods of linkage analysis. Linkage of ACTHR/MC-2 to BP was not demonstrable under parametric and nonparametric methods of analyses, although affected sib-pair (ASP) method revealed an increase in allele sharing among ill individuals, P = 0.023. Since this receptor is within a potential linkage region, ACTHR/MC-2 could be considered a candidate gene for BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Detera-Wadleigh
- Clinical Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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