1
|
Ishida H, Yamaguchi M, Saito SY, Furukawa T, Shannonhouse JL, Kim YS, Ishikawa T. Corrigendum to "Na(+)-dependent inactivation of vascular Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger responsible for reduced peripheral blood flow in neuropathic pain model" [Eur. J. Pharmacol. 910 (2021) 174448]. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176495. [PMID: 38490839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- H Ishida
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - M Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - S Y Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari City, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan
| | - T Furukawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - J L Shannonhouse
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA; Programs in Integrated Biomedical Sciences & Translational Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - T Ishikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim YS, Jeong HG, Chang JY, Kim JY, Kim BJ, Bae HJ, Han MK. Effect of Statin Therapy on Cardiovascular Outcome in Stroke Patients with Low Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:876-885. [PMID: 38400785 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether post-stroke statin therapy reduces subsequent major vascular events in statin-naïve patients with pretreatment low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) below the recommended target (≤70 mg/dL for atherosclerotic stroke and ≤100 mg/dL for non-atherosclerotic stroke) at stroke onset. METHODS Patients from an ongoing stroke registry who had an ischemic stroke between 2011 and 2020 were screened. Statin naïve patients with baseline LDL-C below the target were assessed. The effect of post-stroke statin therapy on major vascular events (composite of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death) was investigated using weighted Cox regression analyses using stabilized inverse probability treatment weighting. RESULTS The baseline LDL-C level of the 1,858 patients (mean age 67.9 ± 15.3 years, 61.4% men, 13.2% atherosclerotic stroke) included in the study was 75.7 ± 17.0 mg/dL. Statins were prescribed to 1,256 (67.7%) patients (low-to-moderate intensity, 23.5%; high intensity, 44.1%). Post-stroke statin therapy was associated with a lower risk of major vascular events during 1-year follow-up (weighted hazard ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.71). In a subgroup of patients who were at very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with LDL-C <55 mg/dL or patients who were not at very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with LDL-C <70 mg/dL, post-stroke statin therapy was also associated with a reduction in major vascular events (weighted hazard ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.29-0.70). The intensity of the most beneficial statin varied by subtype of stroke. INTERPRETATION Statin therapy may improve vascular outcomes after ischemic stroke, even in cases of LDL-C below the target without pre-stroke lipid-lowering therapy. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:876-885.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Han-Gil Jeong
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jun Young Chang
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Yup Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Prochazkova M, Dreyzin A, Shao L, Garces P, Cai Y, Shi R, Pelayo A, Kim YS, Pham V, Frodigh SE, Fenton S, Karangwa C, Su Y, Martin K, Zhang N, Highfill SL, Somerville RP, Shah NN, Stroncek DF, Jin P. Deciphering the importance of culture pH on CD22 CAR T-cells characteristics. J Transl Med 2024; 22:384. [PMID: 38659083 PMCID: PMC11043048 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have demonstrated significant efficacy in targeting hematological malignancies, and their use continues to expand. Despite substantial efforts spent on the optimization of protocols for CAR T-cell manufacturing, critical parameters of cell culture such as pH or oxygenation are rarely actively monitored during cGMP CAR T-cell generation. A comprehensive understanding of the role that these factors play in manufacturing may help in optimizing patient-specific CAR T-cell therapy with maximum benefits and minimal toxicity. METHODS This retrospective study examined cell culture supernatants from the manufacture of CAR T-cells for 20 patients with B-cell malignancies enrolled in a phase 1/2 clinical trial of anti-CD22 CAR T-cells. MetaFLEX was used to measure supernatant pH, oxygenation, and metabolites, and a Bio-Plex assay was used to assess protein levels. Correlations were assessed between the pH of cell culture media throughout manufacturing and cell proliferation as well as clinical outcomes. Next-generation sequencing was conducted to examine gene expression profiles of the final CAR T-cell products. RESULTS A pH level at the lower range of normal at the beginning of the manufacturing process significantly correlated with measures of T-cell expansion and metabolism. Stable or rising pH during the manufacturing process was associated with clinical response, whereas a drop in pH was associated with non-response. CONCLUSIONS pH has potential to serve as an informative factor in predicting CAR T-cell quality and clinical outcomes. Thus, its active monitoring during manufacturing may ensure a more effective CAR T-cell product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Prochazkova
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra Dreyzin
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lipei Shao
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pam Garces
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yihua Cai
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rongye Shi
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alejandra Pelayo
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Victoria Pham
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sue Ellen Frodigh
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shannon Fenton
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catherine Karangwa
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yan Su
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn Martin
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven L Highfill
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert P Somerville
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nirali N Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David F Stroncek
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ping Jin
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Na Y, Lee JJ, Kim BK, Lee WW, Kim YS, Yoo I. Herpes simplex encephalitis initially presenting without fever or cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings: a case report. Encephalitis 2024; 4:31-34. [PMID: 38442545 PMCID: PMC11007550 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2023.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a common viral encephalitis that can be fatal if not adequately treated. Fever, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, and typical neuroimaging findings are commonly observed in HSE cases. We encountered a patient with HSE who did not exhibit these classic clinical features. A 63-year-old male presented with his first-ever seizure. Fever did not develop until the fourth day of admission, and neither neuroimaging nor CSF analysis revealed abnormalities. Under suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis, methylprednisolone was administered. Subsequently, when the patient developed fever, a follow-up neuroimaging study was performed and revealed abnormalities consistent with HSE. The patient was promptly treated with acyclovir, which led to a full recovery. Diagnosing HSE in patients who present without fever or CSF pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings poses a challenge. Therefore, prior to initiating immunosuppressive treatment, it is crucial to closely observe patients and to conduct follow-up tests, including neuroimaging and CSF analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjeong Na
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ju Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Kun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong-Woo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ilhan Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park S, Bae S, Kim EO, Chang E, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Choi SH, Lee SO, Kim YS, Jung J, Kim SH. The impact of discontinuing single-room isolation of patients with vancomycin-resistant enterococci: a quasi-experimental single-centre study in South Korea. J Hosp Infect 2024; 147:77-82. [PMID: 38492645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is limited data on the effects of discontinuing single-room isolation while maintaining contact precautions, such as the use of gowns and gloves. In April 2021, our hospital ceased single-room isolation for patients with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) because of single-room unavailability. This study assessed the impact of this policy by examining the incidence of hospital-acquired VRE bloodstream infections (HA-VRE BSI). METHODS This retrospective quasi-experimental study was conducted at a tertiary-care hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Time-series analysis was used to evaluate HA-VRE BSI incidence at the hospital level and in the haematology unit before (phase 1) and after (phase 2) the policy change. RESULTS At the hospital level, HA-VRE BSI incidence level (VRE BSI per 1000 patient-days per month) and trend did not change significantly between phase 1 and phase 2 (coefficient -0.015, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.053 to 0.023, P=0.45 and 0.000, 95% CI: -0.002 to 0.002, P=0.84, respectively). Similarly, HA-VRE BSI incidence level and trend in the haematology unit (-0.285, 95% CI: -0.618 to 0.048, P=0.09 and -0.018, 95% CI: -0.036 to 0.000, P = 0.054, respectively) did not change significantly across the two phases. CONCLUSIONS Discontinuing single-room isolation of VRE-colonized or infected patients was not associated with an increase in the incidence of VRE BSI at the hospital level or among high-risk patients in the haematology unit. Horizontal intervention for multi-drug-resistant organisms, including measures such as enhanced hand hygiene and environmental cleaning, may be more effective at preventing VRE transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Bae
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E O Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Chang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y P Chong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Choi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-O Lee
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jung
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - S-H Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han SW, Yun WS, Seong S, Tahir Z, Kim YS, Ko M, Ryu S, Bae JS, Ahn CW, Kang J. Hidden Direct Bandgap of Bi 2O 2Se by Se Vacancy and Enhanced Direct Bandgap of Bismuth Oxide Overlayer. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1590-1595. [PMID: 38306160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The Bi2O2Se surfaces are well-known to possess 50% Se vacancies, yet they have shown no in-gap states within the indirect bandgap (∼0.8 eV). We have found that the hidden in-gap states arising from the Se vacancies in a 2 × 1 pattern induce a reduced direct bandgap (∼0.5 eV). Such a reduced direct bandgap is responsible for the high electron mobility of Bi2O2Se. Moreover, the Bi oxide overlayers of the Bi thin films, formed through air exposure and annealing, unexpectedly exhibit a large direct bandgap (∼2.1 eV). The simplified fabrication of Bi oxide overlayers provides promise for improving Bi2O2Se electronic devices and enhancing photocatalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Wook Han
- Basic Science Research Institute and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Yun
- Convergence Research Institute, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Seong
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Zeeshan Tahir
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Bae
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 46742, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Ahn
- Basic Science Research Institute and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsoo Kang
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee CM, Lee S, Kim ES, Kim HB, Park WB, Moon SM, Kim YK, Park KH, Kwak YG, Kim B, Kim YS, Kim CJ, Gil HY, Ahn J, Song KH. Disease burden of bacteraemia with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in Korea. J Hosp Infect 2024; 144:85-93. [PMID: 38072088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the significant impact of multi-drug-resistant bacteraemia, especially extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), the burden of disease has not been investigated thoroughly. AIM To evaluate the clinical outcomes and socio-economic burden of ESBL-E and CRE bacteraemia nationwide in the Republic of Korea. METHODS A search was undertaken for all cases of ESBL-E and CRE bacteraemia and matched controls in 10 hospitals in the Republic of Korea over 6 months. Patients with ESBL-E or CRE bacteraemia were classified as the R group, and matched controls with antibiotic-susceptible bacteraemia and without infection were classified as the S and N groups, respectively. Patients' clinical data were collected, and the economic burden was estimated based on medical expenses, loss of productivity and total costs. FINDINGS In total, 795 patients were identified, including 265 patients with ESBL-E or CRE bacteraemia and their matched controls. The mean total length of stay for patients with ESBL-E and CRE in the R group was 1.53 and 1.90 times that of patients in the S group, respectively. The 90-day mortality rates for ESBL-E in the R and S groups were 12.1% and 5.6%, respectively, and the corresponding figures for CRE were 28.6% and 12.0%. There were significant differences in the total costs between the R, S and N groups for both ESBL-E and CRE (ESBL-E: $11,151 vs $8712 vs $6063, P=0.004; CRE: $40,464 vs $8748 vs $7279, P=0.024). CONCLUSION The clinical and economic burden imposed by ESBL-E or CRE bacteraemia was extremely high. These findings suggest that efforts to control resistant bacteraemia are necessary to reduce this burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, South Korea
| | - E S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - H B Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - W B Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S M Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - K-H Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Y G Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - B Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - C-J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H-Y Gil
- Real World Evidence Team, Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Korea Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Ahn
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - K-H Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang DW, Park GH, Ryu WS, Schellingerhout D, Kim M, Kim YS, Park CY, Lee KJ, Han MK, Jeong HG, Kim DE. Strengthening deep-learning models for intracranial hemorrhage detection: strongly annotated computed tomography images and model ensembles. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1321964. [PMID: 38221995 PMCID: PMC10784380 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1321964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Multiple attempts at intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) detection using deep-learning techniques have been plagued by clinical failures. We aimed to compare the performance of a deep-learning algorithm for ICH detection trained on strongly and weakly annotated datasets, and to assess whether a weighted ensemble model that integrates separate models trained using datasets with different ICH improves performance. Methods We used brain CT scans from the Radiological Society of North America (27,861 CT scans, 3,528 ICHs) and AI-Hub (53,045 CT scans, 7,013 ICHs) for training. DenseNet121, InceptionResNetV2, MobileNetV2, and VGG19 were trained on strongly and weakly annotated datasets and compared using independent external test datasets. We then developed a weighted ensemble model combining separate models trained on all ICH, subdural hemorrhage (SDH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and small-lesion ICH cases. The final weighted ensemble model was compared to four well-known deep-learning models. After external testing, six neurologists reviewed 91 ICH cases difficult for AI and humans. Results InceptionResNetV2, MobileNetV2, and VGG19 models outperformed when trained on strongly annotated datasets. A weighted ensemble model combining models trained on SDH, SAH, and small-lesion ICH had a higher AUC, compared with a model trained on all ICH cases only. This model outperformed four deep-learning models (AUC [95% C.I.]: Ensemble model, 0.953[0.938-0.965]; InceptionResNetV2, 0.852[0.828-0.873]; DenseNet121, 0.875[0.852-0.895]; VGG19, 0.796[0.770-0.821]; MobileNetV2, 0.650[0.620-0.680]; p < 0.0001). In addition, the case review showed that a better understanding and management of difficult cases may facilitate clinical use of ICH detection algorithms. Conclusion We propose a weighted ensemble model for ICH detection, trained on large-scale, strongly annotated CT scans, as no model can capture all aspects of complex tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wan Kang
- Department of Public Health, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Gyeonggi Provincial Medical Center, Icheon Hospital, Icheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hun Park
- JLK Inc., Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wi-Sun Ryu
- JLK Inc., Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawid Schellingerhout
- Department of Neuroradiology and Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Museong Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Hospital Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Young Park
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Joo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gil Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Eog Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- National Priority Research Center for Stroke, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Singh RP, Barakat MR, Ip MS, Wykoff CC, Eichenbaum DA, Joshi S, Warrow D, Sheth VS, Stefanickova J, Kim YS, He F, Cho GE, Wang Y, Emanuelli A. Efficacy and Safety of Brolucizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema: The KINGFISHER Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 2023; 141:1152-1160. [PMID: 37971723 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.5248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Importance Despite the effectiveness of existing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies, a need remains for further treatment options to improve response rates and/or reduce injection or monitoring frequency in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab vs aflibercept dosed every 4 weeks in participants with DME. Design, Participants, and Setting This 52-week, double-masked, phase 3 randomized clinical trial included treatment-naive adults and adults who had previously received anti-VEGF therapy. Data were collected from September 2019 to March 2020, and data were analyzed from April 2020 to February 2021. Intervention Brolucizumab, 6 mg, intravitreal injection every 4 weeks or aflibercept, 2 mg, intravitreal injection every 4 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures Participants were randomized 2:1 to brolucizumab, 6 mg, or aflibercept, 2 mg. The primary end point was change from baseline in best-corrected visual acuity at week 52. Secondary end points were the proportion of participants with a 2-step improvement or greater from baseline in Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale score, the proportion of eyes with absence of both subretinal fluid and intraretinal fluid, change from baseline in central subfield thickness, and safety at week 52. Results A total of 517 participants were randomized to brolucizumab (n = 346) or aflibercept (n = 171); 299 (57.8%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 60.7 (10.2) years. Brolucizumab was noninferior to aflibercept in best-corrected visual acuity (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letter score) change from baseline at week 52 (brolucizumab, 12.2-letter improvement; aflibercept, 11.0-letter improvement; difference, 1.1; 95% CI, -0.6 to 2.9; noninferiority margin, 4; P < .001). Brolucizumab was superior to aflibercept for the proportion of eyes without subretinal and intraretinal fluid (brolucizumab, 144 of 346 [41.6%]; aflibercept, 38 of 171 [22.2%]; difference, 20.0%; 95% CI, 12.5to 28.6; P < .001) and mean central subfield thickness change from baseline at week 52 (brolucizumab, -237.8 μm; aflibercept, -196.5 μm; difference, -41.4; 95% CI, -58.9 to -23.8; P < .001). Incidence of intraocular inflammation was 4.0% (14 of 346) in the brolucizumab arm and 2.9% (5 of 171) in the aflibercept arm, incidence of retinal vasculitis was 0.9% (3 of 346) and 0.6% (1 of 171), respectively, and incidence of retinal vascular occlusion was 0.3% (1 of 346) and 0.6% (1 of 171). One participant in the brolucizumab arm had retinal artery occlusion. Conclusions and Relevance In these study participants with DME, no clinically meaningful differences in visual outcomes were noted between the brolucizumab and aflibercept arms; some superior anatomic improvements were noted in the brolucizumab arm. No new safety concerns were identified. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03917472.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi P Singh
- Cleveland Clinic Martin Hospitals, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Stuart
| | - Mark R Barakat
- Retinal Consultants of Arizona, Phoenix
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix
| | - Michael S Ip
- Doheny Eye Institute, UCLA Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - David A Eichenbaum
- Retina Vitreous Associates of Florida, St Petersburg
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | | | - David Warrow
- Cumberland Valley Retina Consultants, Hagerstown, Pennsylvania
| | - Veeral S Sheth
- University Retina and Macula Associates, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jana Stefanickova
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Fanyin He
- Beijing Novartis Pharma, Beijing, China
| | - Ga Eun Cho
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, New Jersey
| | | | - Andrés Emanuelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Emanuelli Research and Development Center, Arecibo, Puerto Rico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee HC, Kim BK, Kang K, Lee WW, Yoo I, Kim YS, Lee JJ. Aphasic Status Epilepticus Associated with Alzheimer's Disease: Clinical and Electrographic Characteristics. J Epilepsy Res 2023; 13:55-58. [PMID: 38223360 PMCID: PMC10783961 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In aphasic status epilepticus (ASE), aphasia is the sole manifestation of seizure in patients with this disorder. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of neurological disorders causing ASE. Herein, we report two cases of ASE associated with AD, and discuss their clinical characteristics. Patient 1 presented Broca's aphasia, and patient 2 presented global aphasia during the ictal period. Both patients exhibited atypical ictal electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns, which improved after antiepileptic drug administration. ASE was the presenting symptom of AD in patient 1. ASE can develop at any stage of AD. Alterations in clinical symptoms and EEG patterns after treatment with antiepileptic drug are the key to diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical for preventing further consciousness dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Cheol Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Kun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyusik Kang
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong-Woo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ilhan Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ju Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jasuja S, Gallieni M, Jha V, Vachharajani T, Bhalla AK, Tan J, Tan CS, Basnet NB, Herath N, An HPH, Kim YS, Kim Y, SampathKumar K, Sahay M, Ramachandran R, Alexander S, Bhargava V, Balasubramaniam J, Voss D, Ogbac FE, Gunawan A, Goh BL, Lin CC, Khan J, Shiham I, Ayub H, Hein MA, Iqbal S, Srisawat N, Gao B, Sajiv C, Wilkinson C, Pichthida T, Rana DS, Sagar G, Bahl A, Tawakley S, Gaur M. Practice of dialysis access interventional nephrology procedures in the Asia-Pacific region: Getting lay of the land. Nephrology (Carlton) 2023; 28:672-681. [PMID: 37697492 PMCID: PMC7615839 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the prevalence of Interventional Nephrology (IN) practice amongst nephrologists in the Asia-Pacific Region (APR), specifically related to dialysis access (DA). METHODS The Association of VA and intervenTionAl Renal physicians (AVATAR) Foundation from India conducted a multinational online survey amongst nephrologists from the Asia-Pacific to determine the practice of IN in the planning, creation, and management of dialysis access. The treatment modalities, manpower and equipment availability, monthly cost of treatment, specifics of dialysis access interventions, and challenges in the training and practice of IN by nephrologists were included in the survey. RESULTS Twenty-one countries from the APR participated in the survey. Nephrologists from 18 (85.7%) countries reported performing at least one of the basic dialysis access-related IN procedures, primarily the placement of non-tunnelled central catheters (n-TCC; 71.5%). Only 10 countries (47.6%) reported having an average of <4% of nephrologists performing any of the advanced IN access procedures, the most common being the placement of a peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter (20%). Lack of formal training (57.14%), time (42.8%), incentive (38%), institutional support (38%), medico-legal protection (28.6%), and prohibitive cost (23.8%) were the main challenges to practice IN. The primary obstacles to implementing the IN training were a lack of funding and skilled personnel. CONCLUSION The practice of dialysis access-related IN in APR is inadequate, mostly due to a lack of training, backup support, and economic constraints, whereas training in access-related IN is constrained by a lack of a skilled workforce and finances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Gallieni
- DIBIC “L. Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- The Journal of VA, USA
| | | | - Tushar Vachharajani
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affair Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Jackson Tan
- Rimba Dialysis Center, Simpang, Brunei Darussalam
- Univeristy of Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
- RIPAS Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong Soo Kim
- College of Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yaeni Kim
- College of Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Voss
- Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Atma Gunawan
- St Luke’s Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
- Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Min Aung Hein
- Defence Services Medical Academy (DSMA), Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Sarwar Iqbal
- BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Ibrahim Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Bihu Gao
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Cherian Sajiv
- Alice Springs Hospital, The Gap, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Catherine Wilkinson
- Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns North, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thim Pichthida
- School of Medicine, International University, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia
| | - D. S. Rana
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Anupam Bahl
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Park CB, Kang YN, Jang H, Kim YS, Choi BO, Son SH, Song JH, Choi KH, Lee YK, Sung W, Kim JL. Evaluation of Usefulness of Yeast-Based Biological Phantom and Preliminary Study for Verification of Hypoxic Effect of Flash Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e704. [PMID: 37786063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) As a basic hypothesis for the effectiveness of flash radiation therapy, the effect of preserving normal tissue during flash radiation is due to the instantaneous chemical depletion of oxygen. A yeast-based biological phantom was created to verify the hypoxic effect of flash radiation therapy. A study to upgrade the previously developed X-Band LINAC to a flash irradiation mode is in progress, and a preceding study is conducted to evaluate the usefulness of a yeast-based biological phantom manufactured by analyzing the change in oxygen by irradiating a high dose in a general radiation therapy device. MATERIALS/METHODS Freeze-dried yeast sample (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S288C) is activated and sub-cultured. For mass production of yeast samples, yeast culture medium is prepared by adding yeast colonies to the ypd medium. This study was conducted to verify the hypoxic effect among the biological mechanisms that occur during flash radiation therapy at the basic stage, and the oxygen concentration change during general radiation irradiation was measured in real time using a DO (Dissolved oxygen) meter and fiber optic sensor designed to do that. To prevent scatter, which is a concern during flash irradiation, the fiber form was used, and precise experiments are possible as a non-invasive oxygen concentration measurement method. Based on 10MV of general radiation therapy device, high-dose radiation of 500-10,000 cGy is irradiated to measure real-time oxygen concentration change. RESULTS As a result of irradiation with high-dose (500-10,000 cGy) radiation of general LINAC, it was confirmed that the oxygen concentration of the yeast culture medium decreased by 5.7-63.2%, and the usefulness of the biological phantom fabricated based on the yeast culture medium was evaluated. CONCLUSION Prior to the analysis of oxygen concentration change in yeast cells during X-Band LINAC flash irradiation, a preliminary study was conducted at a high dose in a general LINAC to obtain a significant result of oxygen concentration change and confirm the usefulness of the yeast-based biological phantom. Prior research was conducted and verified as a general irradiation experiment using a yeast-based biological phantom manufactured based on a DO meter and a fiber optic oxygen sensor. After irradiation with high-dose radiation, the oxygen concentration of the yeast culture medium was measured 5 times, and it was confirmed that there was a change in oxygen concentration of 5.7-63.2%, verifying the usefulness and stability of the biological phantom. The usefulness of the yeast-based biological phantom for high doses was confirmed, and it is expected that the usefulness of the biological phantom for flash radiation can be verified by additionally measuring the change in oxygen concentration of the biological phantom according to the high dose rate in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C B Park
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y N Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - B O Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S H Son
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K H Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y K Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - W Sung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J L Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim JY, Koo B, Lim SY, Cha HH, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Choi SH, Lee SO, Kim YS, Shin Y, Kim SH. A non-invasive, sensitive assay for active TB: combined cell-free DNA detection and FluoroSpot assays. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:790-792. [PMID: 37749833 PMCID: PMC10519393 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Lim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - H H Cha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M J Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y P Chong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S-H Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S-O Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Song JY, Kim BH, Kang MK, Jeong JU, Kim JH, Moon SH, Suh YG, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Kim YS, Park WY, Kim HJ. Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Clinical T1N0M0 Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e340. [PMID: 37785190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) In this study, we aimed to assess the failure pattern and survival outcomes and to analyze the optimal treatment field of definitive RT for T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). MATERIALS/METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis in a multi-institutional cohort of patients with histologically confirmed T1N0M0 ESCC. We included patients who underwent RT with definitive aim from 2010 to 2019. Patterns of failure were demonstrated as in-field locoregional, out-field locoregional and distant metastasis. In the survival analysis, freedom from locoregional recurrence and their association with clinicopathologic risk factors were analyzed. We performed a propensity score matching in the cT1b patients to adjust for the heterogeneity of radiation technique, radiation dose and the use of concurrent chemotherapy. RESULTS A total of 168 patients were included with a median follow-up of 34.0 months, and there were 20 cT1a, 94 cT1b and 24 cT1x, (cT1, not otherwise specified) patients. The rates of all and locoregional failure were 26.9% and 23.1% for cT1a and 25.0% and 22.4% for cT1b patients. 10 (10.6%) patients experienced grade ≥ 3 adverse events. Among 116 cT1b patients, 69 patients received elective nodal irradiation (ENI) and 47 patients received involved field irradiation (IFI). After propensity score matching, the 3-year FFLRR rate was 84.5% (95% Confidence Interval, 71.0 - 92.1%). There was no significant difference between the ENI and IFI patients in FFLRR (Log-rank P = 0.831). In the multivariate analysis, the use of concurrent chemotherapy was the only factor marginally associated with FFLRR (Hazard ratio, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.02 - 1.13; P = 0.067). CONCLUSION cT1a patients who cannot receive endoscopic resection, showed similar rates of failure compared with cT1b patients, which questioned the accuracy of the staging and raised the need for through treatment such as chemoradiotherapy. In cT1b patients, IFI using dose of 50 to 60 Gy with concurrent chemotherapy could be a reasonable treatment option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - B H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - M K Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J U Jeong
- Jeonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeollanam-do, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S H Moon
- Proton Therapy Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y G Suh
- Proton Therapy Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Inha University Hospital, Inchon, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - W Y Park
- Chungbuk National University and Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim JY, Park S, Kim EO, Chang E, Bae S, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Choi SH, Lee SO, Kim YS, Jung J, Kim SH. The seasonality of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in South Korea. J Hosp Infect 2023; 140:87-89. [PMID: 37506769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Park
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E O Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Chang
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Bae
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y P Chong
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Choi
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-O Lee
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jung
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - S-H Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim JT, Kang J, Kim BJ, Kim JY, Han MK, Cho KH, Park MS, Choi KH, Park JM, Kang K, Kim YS, Lee SJ, Kim JG, Cha JK, Kim DH, Park TH, Park SS, Choi JK, Lee K, Park KY, Jeong HB, Lee J, Kwon DH, Cho YJ, Hong KS, Park HK, Lee BC, Yu KH, Oh MS, Lee M, Kim DE, Gwak DS, Choi JC, Kim JG, Kang CH, Kwon JH, Kim WJ, Shin DI, Yum KS, Sohn SI, Hong JH, Park H, Kim C, Lee SH, Lee J, Gorelick PB, Norrving B, Bae HJ. Dual antiplatelet Use for extended period taRgeted to AcuTe ischemic stroke with presumed atherosclerotic OrigiN (DURATION) trial: Rationale and design. Int J Stroke 2023; 18:1015-1020. [PMID: 36974902 DOI: 10.1177/17474930231168742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with clopidogrel-aspirin for the large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke subtype has been debated. AIMS To determine whether the 1-year risk of recurrent vascular events could be reduced by a longer duration of DAPT in patients with the LAA stroke subtype. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN A total of 4806 participants will be recruited to detect a statistically significant relative risk reduction of 22% with 80% power and a two-sided alpha error of 0.05, including a 10% loss to follow-up. This is a registry-based, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 12-month duration of DAPT compared with a 3-month duration of DAPT in the LAA stroke subtype. Patients will be randomized (1:1) to either DAPT for 12 months or DAPT for 3 months, followed by monotherapy (either aspirin or clopidogrel) for the remaining 9 months. STUDY OUTCOMES The primary efficacy outcome of the study is a composite of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality for 1 year after the index stroke. The secondary efficacy outcomes are (1) stroke, (2) ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, (3) hemorrhagic stroke, and (4) all-cause mortality. The primary safety outcome is major bleeding. DISCUSSION This study will help stroke physicians determine the appropriate duration of dual therapy with clopidogrel-aspirin for patients with the LAA stroke subtype. TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris. CRIS Registration Number: KCT0004407.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Tae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jun Yup Kim
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Man-Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kang-Ho Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong-Moo Park
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si, Korea
| | - Kyusik Kang
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Joo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Guk Kim
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Cha
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Tai Hwan Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Soon Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyo Choi
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungbok Lee
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Hae-Bong Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Doo Hyuk Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Cho
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Keun-Sik Hong
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hong-Kyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Yu
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Mi Sun Oh
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Minwoo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Dong-Eog Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Gwak
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jay Chol Choi
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Joong-Goo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Chul-Hoo Kang
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kwon
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Wook-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Dong-Ick Shin
- Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyu Sun Yum
- Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Il Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Hong
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyungjong Park
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chulho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwa Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Philip B Gorelick
- Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bo Norrving
- Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Neurology, Skåne University Hospital Lund/Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim YS, Jeong HG, Hwang IC, Kim BJ, Kwon JM, Bae HJ, Han MK. Tricuspid regurgitation: a hidden risk factor for atrial fibrillation related stroke? Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1135069. [PMID: 37547251 PMCID: PMC10400321 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1135069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common but overlooked valvular disease, and its association with the etiologic subtypes of ischemic stroke is unclear. We explored the relationship between TR and atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods This retrospective analysis of ongoing stroke registry assessed 6,886 consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent transthoracic echocardiography during their in-hospital care. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, stroke characteristics, and echocardiographic indices were used to investigate the association between TR and total AF, and newly diagnosed AF during hospitalization and a 1-year follow-up period, respectively. Results TR was present in 877 (12.7%) patients (mild, 9.9%; moderate, 2.4%; severe, 0.5%). AF was identified in 24.1% (medical history, 11.1%; first detected in the emergency room, 6.6%; newly diagnosed after admission, 6.4%). TR was associated with AF [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.87 (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.63-9.03)], compared with no/trivial TR. The association between TR and AF was consistent regardless of severity (aOR [95% CI], 4.57 [2.63-7.94] for mild and 7.05 [2.57-19.31] for moderate-to-severe TR) or subtype of TR (5.44 [2.91-10.14] for isolated and 3.81 [2.00-7.28] for non-isolated TR). Among the AF-naïve patients at admission, TR was associated with newly diagnosed AF during hospitalization and a 1-year follow-up period (aOR [95% CI], 2.68 [1.81-3.97]). Conclusions TR is associated with AF in acute ischemic stroke patients regardless of severity and subtypes of TR. TR is also associated with newly diagnosed AF after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gil Jeong
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department Of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chang Hwang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Myung Kwon
- Department of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee HC, Kim BK, Kang K, Lee WW, Yoo I, Kim YS, Lee JJ. Patient with Epilepsy Showing Psychiatric Symptoms after Remission of Seizures and Normalization of Electroencephalography: The Phenomenon of Forced Normalization? J Epilepsy Res 2023; 13:19-21. [PMID: 37720682 PMCID: PMC10501814 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are commonly observed in patients with epilepsy. Among them, the phenomenon known as forced normalization is scarce. Herein, we report the case of a 41-year-old patient who showed long-term first-onset psychiatric symptoms after seizure remission and normalization of electroencephalography. After changing the antiepileptic drug regimen and psychiatric treatment, the patient's symptoms regressed. However, the exact pathological mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Changing the regimen of antiepileptic drugs and long-term psychiatric treatment may help control this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Cheol Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Kun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyusik Kang
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong-Woo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ilhan Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ju Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dang DK, Nguyen VN, Tahir Z, Jeong H, Kim S, Tran HN, Cho S, Park YC, Bae JS, Le CT, Yoon J, Kim YS. An Efficient Green Approach to Constructing Adenine Sulfate-Derived Multicolor Sulfur- and Nitrogen-Codoped Carbon Dots and Their Bioimaging Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37366002 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach is proposed for producing N- and S-codoped multicolor-emission carbon dots (N- and S-codoped MCDs) at a mild reaction temperature (150 °C) and relatively short time (3 h). In this process, adenine sulfate acts as a novel precursor and doping agent, effectively reacting with other reagents such as citric acid, para-aminosalicylic acid, and ortho-phenylenediamine, even during solvent-free pyrolysis. The distinctive structures of reagents lead to the increased amount of graphitic nitrogen and sulfur doping in the N- and S-codoped MCDs. Notably, the obtained N- and S-codoped MCDs exhibit considerable fluorescence intensities, and their emission color can be adjusted from blue to yellow. The observed tunable photoluminescence can be attributed to variations in the surface state and the amount of N and S contents. Furthermore, due to the favorable optical properties, good water solubility and biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity, these N- and S-codoped MCDs, especially green carbon dots, are successfully applied as fluorescent probes for bioimaging. The affordable and environmentally friendly synthesis method employed to create N- and S-codoped MCDs, combined with their remarkable optical properties, offers a promising avenue for their use in various fields, particularly in biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Khoi Dang
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Van-Nghia Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Zeeshan Tahir
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsun Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungdo Kim
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Nhan Tran
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chang Park
- Measurement and Analysis Division, National Nanofab Center, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Bae
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 46742, South Korea
| | - Chinh Tam Le
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim BJ, Zhu K, Qiu W, Singh N, McDonough R, Cimflova P, Bala F, Kim J, Kim YS, Bae HJ, Menon BK. Predicting DWI-FLAIR mismatch on NCCT: the role of artificial intelligence in hyperacute decision making. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1201223. [PMID: 37377859 PMCID: PMC10292650 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1201223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) mismatch was used to determine eligibility for intravenous thrombolysis in clinical trials. However, due to the restricted availability of MRI and the ambiguity of image assessment, it is not widely implemented in clinical practice. Methods A total of 222 acute ischemic stroke patients underwent non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT), DWI, and FLAIR within 1 h of one another. Human experts manually segmented ischemic lesions on DWI and FLAIR images and independently graded the presence of DWI-FLAIR mismatch. Deep learning (DL) models based on the nnU-net architecture were developed to predict ischemic lesions visible on DWI and FLAIR images using NCCT images. Inexperienced neurologists evaluated the DWI-FLAIR mismatch on NCCT images without and with the model's results. Results The mean age of included subjects was 71.8 ± 12.8 years, 123 (55%) were male, and the baseline NIHSS score was a median of 11 [IQR, 6-18]. All images were taken in the following order: NCCT - DWI - FLAIR, starting after a median of 139 [81-326] min after the time of the last known well. Intravenous thrombolysis was administered in 120 patients (54%) after NCCT. The DL model's prediction on NCCT images revealed a Dice coefficient and volume correlation of 39.1% and 0.76 for DWI lesions and 18.9% and 0.61 for FLAIR lesions. In the subgroup with 15 mL or greater lesion volume, the evaluation of DWI-FLAIR mismatch from NCCT by inexperienced neurologists improved in accuracy (from 0.537 to 0.610) and AUC-ROC (from 0.493 to 0.613). Conclusion The DWI-FLAIR mismatch may be reckoned using NCCT images through advanced artificial intelligence techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
- Gyeonggi Regional Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kairan Zhu
- College of Electronic Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nishita Singh
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Neurology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Rosalie McDonough
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Petra Cimflova
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, St Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Fouzi Bala
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jongwook Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijoy K. Menon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Le CT, Lee JH, Kim D, Jang M, Yoon JY, Kim K, Jang JI, Seong MJ, Kim YS. Negative Valley Polarization of the Intralayer Exciton via One-Step Growth of H-Type Heterobilayer WS 2/MoS 2. ACS Nano 2023; 17:2629-2638. [PMID: 36688595 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vertical type II van der Waals heterobilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted wide attention due to their distinctive features mostly arising from the emergence of intriguing electronic structures that include moiré-related phenomena. Owing to strong spin-orbit coupling under a noncentrosymmetric environment, TMD heterobilayers host nonequivalent +K and -K valleys of contrasting Berry curvatures, which can be optically controlled by the helicity of optical excitation. The corresponding valley selection rules are well established by not only intralayer excitons but also interlayer excitons. Quite intriguingly, here, we experimentally demonstrate that unusual valley switching can be achieved using the lowest-lying intralayer excitons in H-type heterobilayer WS2/MoS2 prepared by one-step growth. This TMD combination provides an ideal case for interlayer coupling with an almost perfect lattice match, thereby also in the momentum space between +K and -K valleys in the H-type heterostructure. The underlying valley-switching mechanism can be understood by bright-to-dark conversion of initially created electrons in the valley of WS2, followed by interlayer charge transfer to the opposite valley in MoS2. Our suggested model is also confirmed by the absence of valley switching when the lowest-lying excitons in MoS2 are directly generated in the heterobilayer. In contrast to the H-type case, we show that no valley switching is observed from R-type heterobilayers prepared by the same method, where interlayer charge transfer does not occur between the opposite valleys. We compare the case with the series of valley polarization data from other heterobilayer combinations obtained under different excitation energies and temperatures. Our valley switching mechanism can be utilized for valley manipulation by controlling the excitation photon energy together with the photon helicity in valleytronic devices derived from H-type TMD heterobilayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinh Tam Le
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, South Korea
| | - Je-Ho Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul06794, South Korea
| | - Donggyu Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul04107, South Korea
| | - Myeongjin Jang
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Jun-Yeong Yoon
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Kwanpyo Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Joon I Jang
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul04107, South Korea
| | - Maeng-Je Seong
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul06794, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guk HS, Kim DY, Hong KS, Kim JY, Kang J, Kim BJ, Han MK, Choi KH, Kim JT, Park MS, Yum KS, Shin DI, Gwak DS, Kim DE, Kim YS, Kang K, Kim JG, Lee SJ, Lee M, Oh MS, Yu KH, Lee BC, Park HK, Cho YJ, Kang CH, Kim JG, Choi JC, Jang SH, Park H, Hong JH, Sohn SI, Park TH, Kim WJ, Kwon JH, Lee KB, Kwon DH, Lee J, Lee KJ, Lee SH, Chul Ho K, Lee JS, Lee J, Bae HJ. Abstract WMP97: Symptomatic Steno-occlusion Of Major Cerebral Arteries And Stroke Recurrence In Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Stroke 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/str.54.suppl_1.wmp97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
There is lack of knowledge on whether symptomatic steno-occlusion (SYSO), common in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), could increase the long-term risk of stroke recurrence in these patients.
Methods:
From a prospective cohort of patients with AIS and AF enrolled in 14 centers between Oct 2017 and Dec 2018, we identified patients who underwent MR angiography during hospitalization and completed 3-year follow-up including death during follow-up. SYSO was defined as (1)
≥
50% stenosis or occlusion of cerebral arteries relevant to acute infarction or (2) any residual stenosis after endovascular treatment. Using cause-specific hazard models with non-stroke death as a competing risk, the risk of any recurrent stroke and recurrent ischemic stroke was estimated according to SYSO, respectively.
Results:
A total of 889 patients (mean age, 74.4 years; men, 54.6 %; median NIHSS, 6) were analyzed for this study. During the median 1096 days of follow-up, 152 any recurrent strokes, 142 recurrent ischemic strokes, and 208 deaths were observed. Patients with SYSO, compared to those without, were more likely to be older, be female, have hypertension, diabetes and history of stroke/TIA, and be on antiplatelets at discharge and were less likely to be on anticoagulants at discharge (
p
<.05). The cumulative incidence of recurrent stroke in patients with and without SYSO was 25.2% and 8.3% at 1 month, 33.1% and 9.9% at 1 year, and 41.8% and 13.1% at 3 years, respectively (
p
<.001). With adjusting age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, history of stroke/TIA, discharge antiplatelets, and discharge anticoagulants, SYSO increased the risk of any stroke recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]; 3.02 [2.18-4.20];
p
<.001) and ischemic stroke recurrence (3.20 [2.28-4.51];
p
<.001).
Conclusions:
SYSO in AIS patients with AF substantially increased the risk of recurrent stroke by a 3-fold or more. Accordingly, SYSO should be considered in stratifying the risk of recurrence in AIS patients with AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Seok Guk
- Gunsan Med Cntr, Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Do Yeon Kim
- Dept of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Cntr, Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Keun-Sik Hong
- Dept of Neurology, Inje Univ Ilsan Paik Hosp, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jun Yup Kim
- Dept of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Cntr, Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Dept of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Cntr, Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do,, Korea, Republic of
| | - Beom J Kim
- Dept of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Cntr, Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Moon Ku Han
- Dept of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Cntr, Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kang-Ho Choi
- Dept of Neurology, Chonnam National Univ Hosp, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Joon-Tae Kim
- Chonnam National Univ Hosp, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Kyu Sun Yum
- Dept of Neurology, Chungbuk National Univ Hosp, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Dong-Ick Shin
- Dept of Neurology, Chungbuk National Univ Hosp, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Dong-Seok Gwak
- Dept of Neurology, Dongguk Univ Ilsan Hosp, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Dong-Eog Kim
- Dept of Neurology, Dongguk Univ Ilsan Hosp, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Dept of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Med Cntr, Eulji Univ Sch of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kyusik Kang
- Dept of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Med Cntr, Eulji Univ Sch of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jae G Kim
- Eulji Univ Hosp, Eulji Univ, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Soo Joo Lee
- Eulji Univ Hosp, Eulji Univ, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Minwoo Lee
- Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Mi-Sun Oh
- Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kyung-Ho Yu
- Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Byung-Chul Lee
- Dept of Neurology, Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hong-Kyun Park
- Inje Univ Ilsan Paik Hosp, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yong-Jin Cho
- Dept of Neurology, Inje Univ Ilsan Paik Hosp, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Chul-Hoo Kang
- Dept of Neurology, Jeju National Univ Hosp, Jeju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Joong-Goo Kim
- Dept of Neurology, Jeju National Univ Hosp, Jeju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jay Chol Choi
- Dept of Neurology, Jeju National Univ Hosp, Jeju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Seong Hwa Jang
- Dept of Neurology, Keimyung Univ Dongsan Med Cntr, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hyungjong Park
- Keimyung Univ Dongsan Med Cntr, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jeong-Ho Hong
- Dept of Neurology, Keimyung Univ Dongsan Med Cntr, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sung-il Sohn
- Dept of Neurology, Keimyung Univ Dongsan Med Cntr, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Tai H Park
- Dept of Neurology, Seoul Med Cntr, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | - Doo Hyuk Kwon
- Dept of Neurology, Yeungnam Univ Hosp, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jun Lee
- Dept of Neurology, Yeungnam Univ Hosp, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Keon-Joo Lee
- Dept of Neurology, Korea Univ Guro Hosp, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sang-Hwa Lee
- Dept of Neurology, Hallym Univ Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hosp, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kim Chul Ho
- Dept of Neurology, Hallym Univ Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hosp, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Juneyoung Lee
- Dept of Biostatistics, Korea Univ College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Dept of Neurology, Seoul National Univ College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim YS, Jeong HG, Park CY, Kim M, Lee S, Han MK. Abstract TMP104: Effect Of Statin Therapy In Stroke Patients With Low Baseline Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. Stroke 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/str.54.suppl_1.tmp104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Post-stroke statin therapy is known to reduce subsequent major vascular events in patients with ischemic stroke. However, the efficacy of statin therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at baseline is not well defined. This study aimed to determine whether statin therapy would be beneficial in stroke patients with low or well-controlled LDL-C at baseline.
Methods:
We assessed ischemic stroke patients with baseline LDL-C <100mg/dL without prior statin therapy or <70mg/dL with prior statin therapy who were hospitalized between 2011 and 2020. The effect of post-stroke statin therapy on major vascular events, defined as a composite of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death within 1 year after stroke was assessed using multivariable Cox regression analyses.
Results:
A total of 3,350 patients (mean age 68.6 ± 13.9 years; 62.9% male; 21.5% with previous statin therapy; 37.0% with atherosclerotic stroke) were included. The mean baseline LDL-C of the patients was 73.6 ± 17.6mg/dL, which did not differ between patients with or without post-stroke statin therapy (74.0 ± 17.7mg/dL in statin users; 73.4 ± 17.6mg/dL in statin non-users). Statins were prescribed in 2,638 (78.8%) after stroke and LDL-C was significantly reduced in patients who received statin therapy (65.9 ± 21.7mg/dL in statin users; 80.2 ± 26.7mg/dL in statin non-users). Statin therapy was significantly associated with a lower risk of major vascular events (adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) 0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31 - 0.46]). However, post-stroke LDL-C reduction (aHR 1.00 [95% CI 0.995 - 1.01]), percent LDL-C reduction (aHR 0.999 [95% CI 0.996 - 1.003]) and achieved LDL-C <55mg/dL after stroke (aHR 0.96 [95% CI 0.67 - 1.37]) were not associated with the occurrence of major vascular events within 1 year after stroke.
Conclusions:
Post-stroke statin therapy was associated with a reduction in major vascular events after acute ischemic stroke, even in patients with low or well-controlled LDL-C. However, achieved LDL-C levels were not associated with post-stroke major vascular events in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Soo Kim
- Nowon Eulji medical center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | - Museong Kim
- Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Subin Lee
- Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim YS, Kim BJ, Yoo J, Han JH, Kim BJ, Kim CK, Kim JG, Kim JT, Park H, Baik SH, Han MK, Bae HJ. Abstract WP50: Stress Hyperglycemia And Early Neurological Deterioration In Patients With Acute LVO And Low NIHSS. Stroke 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/str.54.suppl_1.wp50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Stress hyperglycemia is an essential survival response. However, it is associated with poor prognosis after ischemic stroke, and its contribution to collateral failure is not well defined. We investigated whether stress hyperglycemia would be associated with early neurological deterioration (END) in acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) patients who present with mild neurological deficit.
Methods:
From a multicenter stroke registry, ischemic stroke patients with acute anterior circulation LVO and mild symptoms (NIHSS<6) were included and were grouped by a history of diabetes before the index stroke. Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) was calculated as a ratio of serum glucose at arrival over glycosylated hemoglobin. END was defined as an increase in total NIHSS≥2 or any increase in the NIHSS consciousness or motor sub-scores.
Results:
Among a total of 731 mild LVO patients (mean age 68.0±12.9 years; 62.7% male), 172 (23.5%) had a history of diabetes, and 73 (10.0%) were newly diagnosed with diabetes during admission. The SHR was higher in known diabetic patients compared to no-DM / newly diagnosed diabetic patients (24.3±8.5 vs. 21.8±5.6, p-value<0.01). END occurred in 94 (12.9%) patients. The second (T2) and third (T3) tertile groups of SHR were more likely to experience END than the lowest tertile group (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.29 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26-4.17] for T2; aOR 1.85 [95% CI 1.01-3.39] for T3). The association was maintained in the no-DM / newly diagnosed diabetic subgroup but not in cases with a history of diabetes (p for interaction=0.047). [Figure]
Conclusions:
Stress hyperglycemia was associated with END in acute LVO patients with low NIHSS, especially in the subgroup of patients without or newly diagnosed diabetes. In patients without a history of diabetes, where the physiologic response to hyperglycemia may currently be preserved, intensive glycemic control may benefit in maintaining leptomeningeal collaterals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Soo Kim
- Nowon Eulji medical center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Beom J Kim
- SNU BUNDANG HOSPITAL, Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do
| | - Joonsang Yoo
- Yongin Severance Hosp, Yongin-si, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | - Jae Guk Kim
- Eulji Univ Hosp, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Joon-Tae Kim
- Chonnam National Univ Hosp, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hyungjong Park
- Keimyung Univ Dongsan Med Cntr, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sung Hyun Baik
- Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Hee-Joon Bae
- SEOUL NATL UNIV BUNDANG HOSPITAL, Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
LEE JY, Kang K, Kim YS, Lee SJ, Kim JG, Cha JK, Kim DH, Yoon BA, Han MK, Kim BJ, Kang J, Kim JY, Park TH, Park SS, Choi JK, Lee KB, LEE JUN, Kwon DH, Hong KS, Cho YJ, Park HK, Lee BC, Yu KH, Oh MS, Lee M, Kim JT, Choi K, Kim DE, Gwak DS, Choi JC, Kim J, Kang CH, Shin DI, Yum KS, Kim BK, Chae HY, Kwon JH, Kim WJ, Sohn SI, Hong JH, Park H, Jang SH, Kim CH, Lee S, LEE JUNEYOUNG, Lee JS, Park JM, BAE HJ. Abstract WP98: Utilization Of Perfusion Imaging For Acute Ischemic Stroke: Secular Trends And Effects On Outcomes Of Endovascular Treatment. Stroke 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/str.54.suppl_1.wp98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Perfusion imaging (PI) could guide decision-making for endovascular treatment (EVT) of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, PI was underused even in the US before the pivotal EVT trials proved its usefulness in 2018. This study aimed to describe the secular trends of PI utilization and investigate the effectiveness of PI-based EVT in real-world practice.
Methods:
Using a prospective multicenter (n=17) stroke registry in South Korea, we identified patients with AIS who presented within 24 hours from onset between 2011 and 2021. The study period was divided into 3 epochs: 2011-2014, 2015-2017, and 2018-2021. The study population was divided into the early (arrival within 6 hours) and late window (6-24 hours) groups.
Results:
A total of 51,650 patients (15,654 patients in 2011-2014, 14,432 patients in 2015-2017, and 21,564 patients in 2018-2021) were analyzed. Utilization of PI decreased in the overall population and early window group (
P
trend
<0.001); 43.3% and 54.1% in 2011-2014, 40.1% and 44.1% in 2015-2017, and 38.4% and 40.2% in 2018-2021, respectively; but increased in the late window group (
P
trend
<0.001); 31.3% in 2011-2014, 35.7% in 2015-2017, and 36.5% in 2018-2021. Of 10,872 patients with anterior large-vessel occlusion (aLVO), the EVT rate was not different between patients with and without PI (48.7% vs. 46.6%,
P
=0.08) in the early window but higher in those with PI than without PI in the late window (29.8% vs. 18.7%,
P
<0.001). The EVT outcome (3-month mRS 0-2) was not different between patients with and without PI in the early window (44.1% vs. 41.8%,
P
=0.21) and late window (38.4% vs. 39.2%,
P
=0.81). Propensity score analysis and instrumental variable analysis with PI rate per center as an instrument will be performed to adjust imbalances between patients with and without PI.
Conclusion:
Between 2011 and 2021 in South Korea, PI utilization has decreased in patients arriving within 6 hours from onset but has increased in those arriving between 6 and 24 hours. Among patients with aLVO, PI likely increased the EVT rate in the late window but did not in the early window. PI utilization did not seem to affect the EVT outcomes, but in-depth analysis is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Yoon LEE
- Neurology, Seoul National Univ Bundang Hosp, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kyusik Kang
- Eulji General Hosp, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | - Jae G Kim
- EULJI UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, Daejeon-si, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | - Byeol-A Yoon
- Neurology, Dong-A Univ Hosp, Busan, Korea, Republic of
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- SEOUL NATL UNIV BUNDANG HOSP, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Beom J Kim
- SNU BUNDANG HOSPITAL, Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Seoul National Univ Bundang Hospit, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jun Y Kim
- SEOUL NATL UNIV BUNDANG HOSPITAL, Seongnam-si, Korea, Republic of
| | - Tai H Park
- Seoul Med Cntr, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Jin-Kyo Choi
- Neurology, Seoul Med Cntr, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - JUN LEE
- Yeungnam Univ Med Cntr, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Keun-sik Hong
- ILSAN PAIK HOSPITAL INJE UNIV, Goyang, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yong-jin Cho
- INJE UNIVERSITY ILSAN PAIK HOSPITAL, Goyang, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Byung-Chul Lee
- HALLYM NEUROLOGICAL INSTITUTE, Anyang City, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kyung-Ho Yu
- Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, Anyang, Korea, Republic of
| | - Mi S Oh
- Hallym Sacred Heart Hosptial, Anyang, Korea, Republic of
| | - Minwoo Lee
- Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, anyang, Korea, Republic of
| | - Joon-Tae Kim
- Chonnam National Univ Hosp, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kangho Choi
- CHONNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Dong-Eog Kim
- Neurology, Dongguk Univ Ilsan Hosp, Goyang, Korea, Republic of
| | - Dong-Seok Gwak
- Dongguk Univ Ilsan Hosp, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Joonggoo Kim
- JEJU NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, Jeju, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Dong-Ick Shin
- Chungbuk National Univ Hosp, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kyu Sun Yum
- Chungbuk National Univ Hosp, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Baik Kyun Kim
- Neurology, Chungbuk National Univ Hosp, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hee-Yoon Chae
- Neurology, Chungbuk National Univ Hosp, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jee-hyun Kwon
- DEPT NEUROLOGY ULSAN UNIV HOSPIT, Ulsan, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Sung-il Sohn
- Keimyung Univ. Dongsan Hosp, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jeong-Ho Hong
- KEIMYUNG UNIV DONGSAN HOSPITAL, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Seong Hwa Jang
- Keimyung Univ Dongsan hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - Chul Ho Kim
- Hallym Univ Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hosp, Chuncheon-si, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Hallym Univ Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hosp, Chuncheo -si, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | - Hee-joon BAE
- Seoul Nat' Univ' Bundang Hosp, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huh H, Kim YS, Chung W, Kim YL, Kim Y, Han S, Jung YS, Na KY, Lee KB, Oh YK, Park HC, Han SH, Yoo TH, Kim YH, Kim SW, Lee KW, Park HC, Kim SG, Kim H, Lee CH, Bae KT, Oh KH, Ahn C, Ryu HJ, Kim YC. Evaluating the Safety and effectivenesS in adult KorEaN patients treated with Tolvaptan for management of autosomal domInAnt poLycystic kidney disease (ESSENTIAL): short-term outcomes during the titration period. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2023; 42:216-228. [PMID: 36634967 PMCID: PMC10085719 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.22.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tolvaptan reduces height-adjusted total kidney volume (htTKV) and renal function decline in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). This study was aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan in Korean patients with ADPKD during the titration period. Methods This study is a multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase 4 study. We enrolled 108 patients with ADPKD (age, 19-50 years) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 and factors defined as indicative of rapid disease progression. After tolvaptan titration, we evaluated efficacy and side effects and assessed factors associated with the effects. Results After titration for 4 weeks, eGFR and htTKV decreased by 6.4 ± 7.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 16 ± 45 mL/m, respectively. No serious adverse drug reactions were observed during the titration period. The greatest eGFR decline was observed in the first week, with a starting tolvaptan dose of 45 mg. Multivariate linear regression for htTKV decline showed that the greater the change in urine osmolality (Uosm), the greater the decrease in htTKV (β, 0.436; p = 0.009) in the 1D group stratified by the Mayo Clinic image classification. Higher baseline eGFR was related to a higher htTKV reduction rate in the 1E group (β, -0.642; p = 0.009). Conclusion We observed short-term effects and safety during the tolvaptan titration period, with the greatest decrease in kidney function occurring during the first week. The decline of htTKV can be predicted as a short-term effect of tolvaptan by observing Uosm changes from baseline to end of titration in 1D and baseline eGFR in 1E groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookyung Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Inchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaerim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeup Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soon Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Na
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Beck Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Cheon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Wook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayne Cho Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyongtae T Bae
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kook Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee HC, Kim BK, Kang K, Lee WW, Yoo I, Kim YS, Lee JJ. Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination. J Epilepsy Res 2022. [DOI: 10.14581/jer.220013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
After the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged, the development of vaccines was accelerated. Neurologic complications of COVID-19 vaccination had been reported, which included encephalitis. In this study, we report a very rare case of a female with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma that would be triggered by BNT162b2 m-RNA COVID-19 vaccination.
Collapse
|
28
|
Lee HC, Kim BK, Kang K, Lee WW, Yoo I, Kim YS, Lee JJ. Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination. J Epilepsy Res 2022; 12:71-73. [PMID: 36685745 PMCID: PMC9830031 DOI: 10.14581/jer.22013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
After the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged, the development of vaccines was accelerated. Neurologic complications of COVID-19 vaccination had been reported, which included encephalitis. In this study, we report a very rare case of a female with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma that would be triggered by BNT162b2 m-RNA COVID-19 vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Cheol Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Kun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyusik Kang
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong-Woo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ilhan Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ju Lee
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mishra R, Jha R, Mishra B, Kim YS. Maternal immunization against myostatin suppresses post-hatch chicken growth. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275753. [PMID: 36201511 PMCID: PMC9536644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, thus it was hypothesized that immunization of hens against MSTN would enhance post-hatch growth and muscle mass via suppression of MSTN activity by anti-MSTN IgY in fertilized eggs. This study investigated the effects of immunization of hens against chicken MSTN (chMSTN) or a MSTN fragment (Myo2) on the growth and muscle mass of offspring. In Experiment 1, hens mixed with roosters were divided into two groups and hens in the Control and chMSTN groups were immunized with 0 and 0.5 mg of chMSTN, respectively. In Experiment 2, hens in the chMSTN group were divided into chMSTN and Myo2 groups while the Control group remained the same. The Control and chMSTN groups were immunized in the same way as Experiment 1. The Myo2 group was immunized against MSTN peptide fragment (Myo2) conjugated to KLH. Eggs collected from each group were incubated, and chicks were reared to examine growth and carcass parameters. ELISA showed the production of IgYs against chMSTN and Myo2 and the presence of these antibodies in egg yolk. IgY from the chMSTN and Myo2 groups showed binding affinity to chMSTN, Myo2, and commercial MSTN in Western blot analysis but did not show MSTN-inhibitory capacity in a reporter gene assay. In Experiment 1, no difference was observed in the body weight and carcass parameters of offspring between the Control and chMSTN groups. In Experiment 2, the body weight of chicks from the Myo2 group was significantly lower than that of the Control or chMSTN groups. The dressing percentage and breast muscle mass of the chMSTN and Myo2 groups were significantly lower than those of the Control group, and the breast muscle mass of Myo2 was significantly lower than that of the chMSTN. In summary, in contrast to our hypothesis, maternal immunization of hens did not increase but decreased the body weight and muscle mass of offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Khaerunnisa I, Furqon A, Anwar S, Jakaria J, Budiman C, Arief II, Sumantri C, Kim YS. Determination of Complete Sequence Mutation of Myostatin Gene in Fast- and Slow-Growing Chicken. HAYATI J Biosci 2022. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.148-158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin plays a role in inhibiting skeletal muscle growth in vertebrates. This study aimed to investigate the full sequence of the myostatin gene in fast-growing and slow-growing chickens. Fast- and slow-growing chicken models were produced from F2 Kampung x broiler. The full sequence of the myostatin gene was identified using 24 pairs of primers covering about 8,000 bp. mRNA expression analysis of muscle tissue was performed to examine whether the expression levels of myostatin are affected by chicken lines, sex, or muscle type. The results showed 170 mutations in fast- and slow-growing chickens. One hundred and sixty-one of them are novel mutations. A total of five and twenty-two alleles were specific alleles found only in the fast-growing and slow-growing groups of chickens, respectively. There were no differences in amino acids and gene expression levels of myostatin between the fast- and slow-growing chickens. In summary, the results of this study showed that specific alleles for the fast-growing or slow-growing chicken groups were found, suggesting that these specific alleles potentially be used as genetic markers for muscle growth in chickens.
Collapse
|
31
|
Jung H, Kim YS, Jung DM, Lee KS, Lee JM, Kim KK. Melittin-derived peptides exhibit variations in cytotoxicity and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and allergenic activities. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2022; 26:158-165. [PMID: 36046032 PMCID: PMC9423820 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2022.2099971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Melittin is a major component of bee venom; it is widely used in traditional medicine because of its therapeutic effects, such as anti-inflammatory effects. However, melittin has limited medical applications owing to its adverse effects, such as high cytotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the physiological activities of various hydrolyzed melittin-derived peptides to eliminate the cytotoxicity of melittin and enhance its efficacy. The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay confirmed that melittin-derived peptides showed antioxidant activity comparable to that of melittin. Moreover, unlike melittin, which showed high cytotoxicity in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)−5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)−2-(4-sulfophenyl)−2H-tetrazolium inner salt (MTS) assay, the melittin-derived peptides showed negligible cytotoxicity. Among the melittin-derived peptides, the peptide composed of sequence TTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ (P1) showed inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and phosphorylation of IκBα, similar to the effects of melittin in RAW 264.7 cells. Degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells was analyzed using a β-hexosaminidase release assay to confirm the allergenic activity of melittin and P1, which showed remarkably reduced allergenicity of P1 compared to that of melittin. These results indicate that P1 maintained the anti-inflammatory effects of melittin while reducing its cytotoxicity and allergic reactions. In conclusion, the melittin-derived peptide P1 efficiently decreased the adverse effects while maintaining the beneficial effects of melittin, making it suitable for therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haesoo Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Min Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Seob Lee
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lee K, Park J, Choi S, Lee Y, Lee S, Jung J, Lee JY, Ullah F, Tahir Z, Kim YS, Lee GH, Kim K. STEM Image Analysis Based on Deep Learning: Identification of Vacancy Defects and Polymorphs of MoS 2. Nano Lett 2022; 22:4677-4685. [PMID: 35674452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is an indispensable tool for atomic-resolution structural analysis for a wide range of materials. The conventional analysis of STEM images is an extensive hands-on process, which limits efficient handling of high-throughput data. Here, we apply a fully convolutional network (FCN) for identification of important structural features of two-dimensional crystals. ResUNet, a type of FCN, is utilized in identifying sulfur vacancies and polymorph types of MoS2 from atomic resolution STEM images. Efficient models are achieved based on training with simulated images in the presence of different levels of noise, aberrations, and carbon contamination. The accuracy of the FCN models toward extensive experimental STEM images is comparable to that of careful hands-on analysis. Our work provides a guideline on best practices to train a deep learning model for STEM image analysis and demonstrates FCN's application for efficient processing of a large volume of STEM data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kihyun Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jinsub Park
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soyeon Choi
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yangjin Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sol Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Joowon Jung
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Zeeshan Tahir
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Gwan-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kwanpyo Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim NA, Kim BG, Lee J, Chung HT, Kwon HR, Kim YS, Choi JB, Song JH. Response After Repeated Ketamine Injections in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Physiol Res 2022; 71:297-303. [PMID: 35275700 PMCID: PMC9150560 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, reduces pain by decreasing central sensitization and pain windup. However, chronic ketamine use can cause tolerance, dependency, impaired consciousness, urinary symptoms, and abdominal pain. This study aimed to investigate the effects of repeated ketamine injections and ketamine readministration after discontinuation in a rat model of neuropathic pain. To induce neuropathic pain, partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) was performed in 15 male Wistar rats, and these animals were divided into three groups: PSNL (control), PSNL + ketamine 5 mg/kg (K5), and PSNL + ketamine 10 mg/kg (K10; n=5 each). Ketamine was injected intraperitoneally daily for 4 weeks, discontinued for 2 weeks, and then readministered for 1 week. Following PSNL, the mechanical withdrawal threshold was determined weekly using the Von Frey. The K10 group showed a significant increase in the mechanical withdrawal threshold, presented here as the target force (in g), at 21 and 28 days compared to the time point before ketamine injection (mean±SE, 276.0±24.0 vs. 21.6±2.7 and 300.0±0.0 vs. 21.6±2.7, respectively; P<0.01) and at 14, 21, and 28 days compared to the control group (108.2±51.2 vs. 2.7±1.3, 276.0±24.0 vs. 2.5±1.5, and 300.0±0.0 vs. 4.0±0.0, respectively; P<0.05). However, in the K10 group, the ketamine effects decreased significantly at 7 days after readministration compared to those after 28 days of repeated injections (P<0.05). In the K10 group, repeated ketamine injections showed a significant increase in antinociceptive effect for >2 weeks, but this ketamine effect decreased after drug readministration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
1. Moulting is a natural physiological process in birds when they shed their old feathers and replace them with new ones, and is followed by reproductive quiescence resulting in reduced egg production. Different birds undergo moulting at different points in their life. Some birds have seasonal moulting while some moult at the end of their breeding cycle. This review will mainly focus on moulting practices associated with commercial layer birds because, in all other bird types, this is not managed.2. Commercial farms commonly analyse the cost-benefit ratio to decide the time and method to adopt for moulting. Commercial layer farms adopt different practices to force birds out of moult and restart the production cycle. Animal welfare groups consider this as stressful and against animal welfare, raising questions about the ethics of this practice.3. Many studies have been conducted using complete or partial feed withdrawal and non-feed withdrawal programs to measure their effectiveness in maintaining animal welfare, economy, and post-moult performance in mind.4. Animal welfare should not be compromised during moulting. The United States Egg Producers and other such groups from the United Kingdom and Europe have decided to sell eggs produced only through a non-feed withdrawal moulting programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kim YS, Jeong HG, Hwang IC, Kim BJ, BAE HJ, Han MK. Abstract WP196: Tricuspid Regurgitation And Its Association With Cardioembolic Stroke. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.wp196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular heart disease and traditionally known to develop secondary to cardiopulmonary comorbidities. Since isolated TR without structural heart disease are known to be related with poor outcome, clinical course of TR itself has been focused recently. However, relationship between TR and ischemic stroke had not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between characteristics of TR and subtypes of ischemic stroke.
Methods:
Patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted to a single tertiary hospital from 2011 to 2020 were screened. Subtypes of stroke were divided into two groups (cardioembolic (CE) and non-CE). Echocardiographic indices including E/e’ ratio, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, left atrial volume index (LAVI), right ventricular systolic pressure, severity of valvular heart diseases (no/trivial, mild, moderate/severe) were assessed. Logistic regression models were constructed to determine the association of severity, subtypes of TR and CE stroke. Modifying effects of demographic characteristics and echocardiographic indices were also tested.
Results:
Among 6,472 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke, 12.5% of patients had TR and CE stroke was diagnosed in 24.7%. Patients with CE stroke were related to impaired LV systolic and diastolic function, pulmonary hypertension, and elevated LAVI. TR was more frequently observed in CE stroke group (6.2% vs. 32.7%,
p
-value < 0.01). After adjustment for covariates which were selected from bivariate analysis, TR shown significant association with CE stroke (OR [95% CI], 3.24 [2.61 - 4.02]). This association persisted across models which subdivided TR according to severity (mild TR, 2.91 [2.32 - 3.64]; moderate/severe TR, 5.58 [3.62 - 8.61]) and presence of cardiopulmonary comorbidities (isolated TR 2.04 [1.59 - 2.63]; non-isolated TR 2.15 [1.57 - 2.96]). There were no significant interactions for any of the predefined potential effect modifiers.
Conclusions:
Our study demonstrated that TR has significant association with CE stroke. TR related hemodynamic change within cardiac chamber and accompanying atrial cardiopathy might be an underestimated risk factor for CE stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Soo Kim
- Seuol National Univ Bundang Hosp, Sung-nam si, Korea, Republic of
| | - Han-gil Jeong
- Seuol National Univ Bundang Hosp, Sung-nam si, Korea, Republic of
| | - In-chang Hwang
- Seuol National Univ Bundang Hosp, Sung-nam si, Korea, Republic of
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Seuol National Univ Bundang Hosp, Sung-nam si, Korea, Republic of
| | - Hee-joon BAE
- Seuol National Univ Bundang Hosp, Sung-nam si, Korea, Republic of
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Seuol National Univ Bundang Hosp, Sung-nam si, Korea, Republic of
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Moon B, An YJ, Kim YS, Lee JH, Ju BK, Jhon YM. Cavity-dumped mode-locked Alexandrite laser oscillator with 100 mJ pulses stabilized by using a double trigger system. Opt Express 2022; 30:3516-3523. [PMID: 35209607 DOI: 10.1364/oe.446008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report a mode-locked Alexandrite single pulse laser with cavity dumping. Mode locking was achieved by using an AOM and an EOM was used for Q-switching and cavity dumping. The instability of the single pulse laser energy output was reduced down to a tenth of that of the conventional single trigger system by introducing a novel double trigger system. The single pulse laser energy and pulse width were 100 mJ and 475 ps in multiple mode and 12.5 mJ and 275 ps in single mode, obtained without a laser amplifier.
Collapse
|
37
|
Sorekine G, Anduwan G, Waimbo MN, Osora H, Velusamy S, Kim S, Kim YS, Charles J. Photocatalytic studies of copper oxide nanostructures for the degradation of methylene blue under visible light. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
38
|
Ullah F, Lee JH, Tahir Z, Samad A, Le CT, Kim J, Kim D, Rashid MU, Lee S, Kim K, Cheong H, Jang JI, Seong MJ, Kim YS. Selective Growth and Robust Valley Polarization of Bilayer 3 R-MoS 2. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:57588-57596. [PMID: 34797625 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Noncentrosymmetric transition-metal dichalcogenides, particularly their 3R polymorphs, provide a robust setting for valleytronics. Here, we report on the selective growth of monolayers and bilayers of MoS2, which were acquired from two closely but differently oriented substrates in a chemical vapor deposition reactor. It turns out that as-grown bilayers are predominantly 3R-type, not more common 2H-type, as verified by microscopic and spectroscopic characterization. As expected, the 3R bilayer showed a significantly higher valley polarization compared with the centrosymmetric 2H bilayer, which undergoes efficient interlayer scattering across contrasting valleys because of their vertical alignment of the K and K' points in momentum space. Interestingly, the 3R bilayer showed even higher valley polarization compared with the monolayer counterpart. Moreover, the 3R bilayer reasonably maintained its valley efficiency over a very wide range of excitation power density from ∼0.16 kW/cm2 to ∼0.16 MW/cm2 at both low and room temperatures. These observations are rather surprising because valley dephasing could be more efficient in the bilayer via both interlayer and intralayer scatterings, whereas only intralayer scattering is allowed in the monolayer. The improved valley polarization of the 3R bilayer can be attributed to its indirect-gap nature, where valley-polarized excitons can relax into the valley-insensitive band edge, which otherwise scatter into the contrasting valley to effectively cancel out the initial valley polarization. Our results provide a facile route for the growth of 3R-MoS2 bilayers that could be utilized as a platform for advancing valleytronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ullah
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Je-Ho Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Zeeshan Tahir
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Abdus Samad
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Chinh Tam Le
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Jungcheol Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Donggyu Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Mamoon Ur Rashid
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Sol Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Kwanpyo Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyeonsik Cheong
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Joon I Jang
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Maeng-Je Seong
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rashid M, Tahir Z, Kim S, Jang JI, Kim YS. Selective Deposition of Candle Soot on a Cellulose Membrane for Efficient Solar Evaporation. ACS Omega 2021; 6:31366-31374. [PMID: 34841180 PMCID: PMC8613860 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their natural abundance, seawater together with sunlight has a potential to meet the global challenges in terms of water scarcity and energy crisis. Herein, we demonstrate a solar vapor generator composed of an inner flame candle soot (IFCS) deposited on a cellulose filter paper (FP) prepared by a simple two-step process. The resultant IFCS/FP device exhibits a high photothermal conversion ability owing to the broadband solar absorption of the IFCS layer along with the multiple scattering of the incoming sunlight in the porous microstructure of the cellulose FP. Additionally, the low thermal conductivity of the IFCS effectively localizes the photothermally generated heat at the IFCS/FP surface, thereby significantly suppressing the conduction heat losses to the underlying bulk water. Meanwhile, the capillary action of the FP supplies an adequate amount of water to the heated surface for accelerating the evaporation process. Benefitting from the synergistic effect of these characteristics, the IFCS/FP achieves high evaporation rates of ∼1.16 and ∼4.09 kg m-2 h-1 and their corresponding efficiencies of ∼75.1 and 90.9% under one and three sun illumination, respectively. Moreover, the IFCS/FP device presents an excellent longevity owing to the persistent performance over 15 repeated cycles under one and three sun illumination. Hence, the facile fabrication, fine mechanical strength, desalination, and the salt-resistance ability of our IFCS/FP make it a suitable candidate for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamoon
Ur Rashid
- Department
of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South
Korea
| | - Zeeshan Tahir
- Department
of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South
Korea
| | - Sungdo Kim
- Department
of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South
Korea
| | - Joon I. Jang
- Department
of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department
of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim S, Tahir Z, Rashid MU, Jang JI, Kim YS. Highly Efficient Solar Vapor Generation via a Simple Morphological Alteration of TiO 2 Films Grown on a Glassy Carbon Foam. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:50911-50919. [PMID: 34551516 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Effectively utilizing eco-friendly solar energy for desalination and wastewater purification has immense potential to overcome the global water crisis. Herein, we demonstrate a highly efficient solar vapor generator (SVG) developed via a simple morphological alteration, from a two-dimensional (2D) TiO2 film (TF) to one-dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanorods (TNRs) grown on a glassy carbon foam (CF). Given that evaporation is primarily a surface physical phenomenon, the 1D morphology of TNRs provides a higher evaporation surface area compared to their 2D counterpart. Additionally, the superhydrophilic nature of TNRs ensures an adequate supply of water to the evaporation surface via effective capillary action. Consequently, the 1D TNRs properly utilize photothermal heat, which results in a significant reduction in the convection heat loss. Owing to the synergistic effect of these characteristics, TNRs/CF acquires a high evaporation rate of ∼2.23 kg m-2 h-1 and an energy utilization efficiency of ∼67.1% under one sun irradiation. Moreover, the excellent stability, desalination, self-cleaning capabilities, and the facile fabrication method make TNRs/CF suitable for cost-effective, large-scale device application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungdo Kim
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Zeeshan Tahir
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Mamoon Ur Rashid
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Joon I Jang
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kim JH, Anwer H, Kim YS, Park JW. Decontamination of radioactive cesium-contaminated soil/concrete with washing and washing supernatant- critical review. Chemosphere 2021; 280:130419. [PMID: 33940450 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed washing of radioactive Cs-contaminated concrete and soil based on the fate of Cs in concrete and soil, including sorption materials for treatment of supernatant solution. In non-aged cement materials (the calcium silicate hydration (C-S-H) phase), it was possible to decontaminate Cs using ion exchange with monovalent cations, such as NH4+. The clay components in the soil and aggregates were important factors in optimization of the efficiency and mechanism for Cs decontamination with washing solution. The parameters (reagent component, pH, and temperature) of the washing solution should be determined considering soil mineral type (here, weathered biotite (WB) with vermiculite), since monovalent cations such as NH4+ and K+ can inhibit Cs decontamination due to collapse of the hydrated and expanded interlayer regions with cation exchange. In this case, hydrothermal treatment or H2O2 dosing was necessary to expand the collapsed interlayer region for Cs removal by washing with cation exchange or organic acids. Acid and a chelating agent significantly enhanced Cs-release with dissolution of the adsorbent layer containing iron and aluminum oxides. The important characteristics of important and emerging sorption materials for treatment of the radioactive Cs-contaminated supernatant after washing treatment are discussed. Sorbents for treatment of washing supernatant are divided in to two main categories. Clay minerals, metal hexacyanoferrates, and ammonium molybdophosphates are discussed in the inorganic class of materials. Hypercrosslinked polymers, supramolecular sorbents, carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxide are covered in the carbon-based sorbents for Cs removal from water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Hassan Anwer
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lee HS, Kim YS, Lee KS, Seo HS, Lee CY, Kim KK. Detoxification of Bee Venom Increases Its Anti-inflammatory Activity and Decreases Its Cytotoxicity and Allergenic Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:4068-4082. [PMID: 34542820 PMCID: PMC8450311 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bee venom is a medicinal product that is widely used in traditional therapies owing to its excellent anti-inflammatory activity. However, the use of bee venom has shown adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need for research that can remove the cytotoxicity of bee venom and enhance its efficacy. In this study, we hydrolyzed melittin, the main component of bee venom, and removed the other components to eliminate the toxicity of bee venom. To compare the efficacy of bee venom and detoxified bee venom, we examined their antioxidant effects using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. In addition, cytotoxicity was confirmed in MCF 10A and RAW 264.7 cells, using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) assay. Detoxified bee venom showed a strong antioxidant activity and decreased a cytotoxicity in MCF 10A and RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory activity of detoxified bee venom and bee venom were assessed by comparison of the expression of inflammatory cytokine mRNA and phosphorylation of IκBα in RAW 264.7 cells. Degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells was analyzed through β-hexosaminidase release assay to confirm the allergenic activity of bee venom and detoxified bee venom. Treatment of the detoxified bee venom inhibited inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression, IκBα phosphorylation, and β-hexosaminidase release. Taken together, the results indicated that compared to bee venom, detoxified bee venom exhibited decreased cytotoxicity and allergenicity and increased anti-inflammatory activity. In conclusion, detoxification of bee venom efficiently decreases the adverse effects, making it suitable for medicinal applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, 12048, 15, Yangji-ro, Onam-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Seob Lee
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, 12048, 15, Yangji-ro, Onam-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Suk Seo
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, 12048, 15, Yangji-ro, Onam-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kim YS, Jeong HG, Chae HY, Kim BJ, Kang J, Kim JY, Kim T, Bang JS, Bae HJ, Oh CW, Han MK. Mediation effects of mean Hounsfield unit on relationship between hemoglobin and expansion of intracerebral hemorrhage. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17236. [PMID: 34446807 PMCID: PMC8390671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Low hemoglobin levels are known to be associated with hematoma expansion (HE) and poor functional outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, it is not yet known whether low hemoglobin itself causes HE directly or is merely a confounder. Thus, we investigated the mediation effect of the mean Hounsfield unit (HU) of hematoma on the relationship between low hemoglobin and expansion of ICH. Overall, 232 consecutive patients with ICH who underwent non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) within 12 h since onset were included. The mean HU and hematoma volume on NCCT were investigated using semi-automated planimetry. HE was defined as an increase in hematoma volume > 33% or 6 mL. The respective associations among the hemoglobin level, mean HU, and HE were analyzed using multivariable regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, and known HE predictors. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the potential causal association among the three. HE occurred in 34.5% of patients; hemoglobin levels were inversely associated with HE occurrence (adjusted odds ratio, 0.90; p = 0.03). The mean HU of the hematoma was lower in patients with HE than in patients without HE (58.5 ± 3.3 vs. 56.8 ± 3.0; p < 0.01). Hemoglobin levels on admission were linearly related to the mean HU (adjusted β, 0.33; p < 0.01) after adjusting for known HE predictors (time from onset to CT, antithrombotic use, hematoma volume). Causal mediation analysis showed a significant mediation effect of the mean HU on the association between hemoglobin levels and HE (p = 0.04). The proportion of indirect effect through the mean HU among the total effect was 19% (p = 0.05). The mediation effect became nonsignificant in the when the multivariable model was adjusted with additional covariates (baseline systolic blood pressure and hematoma location). The mean HU of the hematoma mediated the association between hemoglobin levels and HE occurrence. Therefore, the mean HU of the hematoma may be a potential marker of impaired hemostasis in patients with ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gil Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Yun Chae
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yup Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Tackeun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seung Bang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Wan Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lee MS, Kim YS, Kim M, Usman M, Byon SS, Kim SH, Lee BI, Lee BD. Evaluation of the feasibility of explainable computer-aided detection of cardiomegaly on chest radiographs using deep learning. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16885. [PMID: 34413405 PMCID: PMC8376868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the feasibility of explainable computer-aided detection of cardiomegaly in routine clinical practice using segmentation-based methods. Overall, 793 retrospectively acquired posterior-anterior (PA) chest X-ray images (CXRs) of 793 patients were used to train deep learning (DL) models for lung and heart segmentation. The training dataset included PA CXRs from two public datasets and in-house PA CXRs. Two fully automated segmentation-based methods using state-of-the-art DL models for lung and heart segmentation were developed. The diagnostic performance was assessed and the reliability of the automatic cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) calculation was determined using the mean absolute error and paired t-test. The effects of thoracic pathological conditions on performance were assessed using subgroup analysis. One thousand PA CXRs of 1000 patients (480 men, 520 women; mean age 63 ± 23 years) were included. The CTR values derived from the DL models and diagnostic performance exhibited excellent agreement with reference standards for the whole test dataset. Performance of segmentation-based methods differed based on thoracic conditions. When tested using CXRs with lesions obscuring heart borders, the performance was lower than that for other thoracic pathological findings. Thus, segmentation-based methods using DL could detect cardiomegaly; however, the feasibility of computer-aided detection of cardiomegaly without human intervention was limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu Sook Lee
- Department of Radiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Sindang-dong, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Division of ICT Convergence, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- Division of AI Computer Science and Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, HealthHub, Co. Ltd., 623, Gangnam-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06524, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi Sub Byon
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, HealthHub, Co. Ltd., 623, Gangnam-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06524, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Human Medical Imaging and Intervention Center, 621, Gangnam-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06524, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Il Lee
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, HealthHub, Co. Ltd., 623, Gangnam-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06524, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Dai Lee
- Division of AI Computer Science and Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16227, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cho MJ, Kim YJ, Kim MJ, Kim YS, Park E, Choi KH, Kang JY, Kim HO, Koong MK, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Ko JJ, Lee JH. P–205 Epothilone D as an actin cytoskeleton stabilizer improved mitochondria bioenergenesis and blastocyst formation of mouse preimplantation embryo. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What is primary factor of bioenergetics product activity between microtubule instability and the functional activity of mitochondria in embryo?
Summary answer
The actin cytoskeleton instability is presumably the primary cause for the bioenergenesis of mitochondrial function to the preimplantation embryo development.
What is known already
Mitochondria are cellular organelles dynamically moving and morphological changes. It provides for homeostatic energy to the cell. The dynamic property of the mitochondria is associated with the microtubule network in the cell. However, the stability of the microtubule was clearly identified for preimplantation embryo development.
Study design, size, duration
This study is designed to assess the ATP productivity of the mitochondria, and specifically to observe what its primary factor is in terms of providing microtubule stability in mammalian cells. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between blastocyst formation and actin cytoskeleton stabilization by EpD with 2-cell mice.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We prepared the microtubule stability regulation model with the HEK293 cell line by using the microtubule stabilizer as an Epothilone D (EpD). Then we analyzed the metabolic activity of the cells through oxidative phosphorylation (OXP) ratios analysis. Also, we performed confocal live imaging to observe mitochondria morphology depending on the cells’ microtubule. Next, we treated EpD to 2-cell culture media for the analysis of blastocyst development ratios.
Main results and the role of chance
EpD significantly increased fusion form. Also, EpD enhance bioenergy ratios like OXP in the mitochondria and functional activity related marker, like mTOR compared with the control. These results suggest that microtubule stabilization enhances mitochondrial metabolism by increasing oxygen consumption. Also, EpD in 2-cell culture media led to a significant increase in the speed of development and 50% higher hatched out blastocyst formation ratios compared to the control group.
Limitations, reasons for caution
This study had limited animal experiments. For the next study, we are planning with an aim to improve the quality and development ratios of human embryos by EpD.
Wider implications of the findings: Microtubule stabilizer has a possibility to recover the mitochondria’s functional activity in the preimplantation embryo development. Mitochondrial functional activity along the actin cytoskeleton may play a pivotal role in determining the embryo quality and development ratios for archive pregnancy.
Trial registration number
non-clinical trials
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Cho
- CHA University, Biomedical Sciences, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y J Kim
- CHA Medical Group, Reproductive and Molecular Medicine, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - M J Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y S Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - E Park
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - K H Choi
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - J Y Kang
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - H O Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - M K Koong
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y S Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - T K Yoon
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - J J Ko
- CHA University, Biomedical Sciences, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - J H Lee
- CHA fertility seoul center seoul sequare 3floor, Reproductive and Molecular Medicine., Seoul, Korea- South
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Choi KH, Kim YJ, Kang KY, Park EA, Kim YS, Kim MJ, Kim HO, Koong MK, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Ko JJ, Lee JH. P–657 Prostaglandin D2 is correlated with follicles development and a reliable marker of ovarian reserve of poor ovarian responder patients. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is the prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) associated with growing follicles and ovarian reserve of poor ovarian responders?
Summary answer
PGD2 is correlated with ovarian stimulation activity and follicle growth. Especially, poor ovarian responders show a significant decrease in the level of follicular fluid.
What is known already
Prostaglandins (PGs) are involved in the female reproductive process, mainly ovulation, fertilization, and implantation.
Study design, size, duration
We investigated the PGD2 level in the follicular fluid of poor ovarian responders. The collection of human follicular fluid was approved by the Institutional Research and Ethical Committees of CHA University (approval number: 1044308–201611-BR–027–04) from January to December 2019. Follicular fluid was collected from patients with normal ovarian response and patients with POR.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We studied whether prostaglandin has related to POR in the clinical key factor by measuring human follicular fluid. Follicular fluid was collected from patients with normal ovarian response and patients with POR. The concentration of PGD2 in follicular fluid was determined with ELISA kits following the manufacturer’s protocol.
Main results and the role of chance
We analyzed the level of PGD2 in the follicular fluid of patients with normal ovarian response and patients with POR using an ELISA. The PGD2 concentration was significantly lower in the follicular fluid of patients with POR than in the follicular fluid of young and old patients with normal ovarian response.
Limitations, reasons for caution
This study has an identification of biomarker of the clinical samples as POR criteria patients. Therefore, further investigations aimed at specific recovery of low PGD2 metabolic activity in the CCs during control ovarian stimulation.
Wider implications of the findings: Until now there is no specific biomarker of POR. AMH is just an ovary reserve marker for an indication of ovary function. PGD2 is one of the metabolites in steroid metabolism in the ovary. Therefore, we can find some cure through further study for improved PGD2 production to POR patients.
Trial registration number
none
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Choi
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y J Kim
- CHA Medical Group, Advanced Research Division of Reproductive Medicine, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - K Y Kang
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - E A Park
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y S Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - M J Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - H O Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - M K Koong
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y S Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - T K Yoon
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - J J Ko
- CHA University, Biomedical Science, Pocheon-si, Korea- South
| | - J H Lee
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
- CHA University, Biomedical Science, Pocheon-si, Korea- South
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kim YJ, Choi KH, Kang KY, Park EA, Kim YS, Kim MJ, Kim HO, Koong MK, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Ko JJ, Lee JH. P–658 Lovastatin promotes the expression of LDL receptor and enhances E2 production in the cumulus cells. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Lovastatin enhanced E2 productive ratios in the cumulus cells through promoted expression of Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR).
Summary answer
Lovastatin up-regulated gene expression of LDLR in the CCs. And the high expression of LDLR promoted E2 productive ratios from CCs.
What is known already
We already reported that the up-regulation of LDLR correlated with clinical pregnancy. Therefore, we found lovastatin as an up-regulator of LDLR expression of clinical pregnancy.
Study design, size, duration
This is an expended study of LDLR to enhance steroidogenesis regarding the effect of lovastatin in the CCs. The collection of human cumulus cells was approved by the Institutional Research and Ethical Committees of CHA University (approval number: 1044308–201611-BR–027–04) from January to December 2019. The CCs were collected from 12 patients with normal ovarian response after oocyte denudation for ICSI.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We studied whether lovastatin has up-regulated LDLR expression in human CCs. Cumulus cells were collected from patients with young (∼ 36) and old aged patients (37 ∼). After culturing human CCs, they were treated lovastatin for one day. The concentration of E2 in culture medium was measured using Chemiluminescence immunoassay. The mRNA isolated from CCs was analyzed gene expression level through real time-PCR.
Main results and the role of chance
The concentration of E2 was significantly increased in the culture medium treated with lovastatin. The CCs treated with lovastatin increased the expression of LDLR and StAR which are components of the steroidogenesis pathway.
Limitations, reasons for caution
We have found that the role of lovastatin promotes the E2 production by increasing the ldlr gene of CCs. Therefore, further investigations aimed at lovastatin effect on human oocytes embryo whether enhanced quality of oocytes or not.
Wider implications of the findings: Previous data show that high activation of LDLR and StAR was associated with embryo quality and clinical pregnancy in infertile women. Our data suggest that lovastatin is stimulated LDLR expression to enhanced pregnancy ratios of IVF patients.
Trial registration number
none
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y J Kim
- CHA Medical Group, Advanced Research Division of Reproductive Medicine, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - K H Choi
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - K Y Kang
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - E A Park
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y S Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - M J Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - H O Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - M K Koong
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - Y S Kim
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - T K Yoon
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, IVF clinic, Seoul, Korea- South
| | - J J Ko
- CHA University, Biomedical Science, Pocheon-si, Korea- South
| | - J H Lee
- CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, Embryology Lab, Seoul, Korea- South
- CHA University, Biomedical Science, Pocheon-si, Korea- South
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Seol HY, Kim YS, Kim SJ. Diagnostic test accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for prediction of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in solid tumours: a meta-analysis. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:863.e19-863.e25. [PMID: 34261597 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the predictive value of integrated 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the prediction of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in solid tumours via a systematic review and meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases, from the earliest available date of indexing through 31 October 2020, were searched for studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT for prediction of PD-L1 expression in solid tumours other than lung cancer. RESULTS Across seven studies (473 patients), the pooled sensitivity for 18F-FDG PET/CT was 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.82) without heterogeneity (I2 = 47.2, p=0.08) and a pooled specificity of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.64-0.81) with heterogeneity (I2 = 53.8, p=0.04). Likelihood ratio (LR) syntheses gave an overall positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 2.8 (95% CI: 2.1-3.7) and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of 0.35 (95% CI: 0.26-0.47). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 8 (95% CI: 5-13). Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and indicates that the area under the curve was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.77-0.84). CONCLUSION The current meta-analysis showed a moderate sensitivity and specificity of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the prediction of PD-L1 expression in solid tumours. At present, the literature regarding the use of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the prediction of PD-L1 expression in solid tumours still limited; thus, further large multicentre studies would be necessary to substantiate the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for prediction of PD-L1 expression in solid tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Seol
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - S-J Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; BioMedical Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gwak DS, Chung I, Kim BK, Lee S, Jeong HG, Kim YS, Chae H, Park CY, Han MK. High Chloride Burden and Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Large Hemispheric Infarction. Front Neurol 2021; 12:604686. [PMID: 34093385 PMCID: PMC8172791 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.604686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In general, disease severity has been found to be associated with abnormal chloride levels in critically ill patients, but hyperchloremia is associated with mixed results regarding patient-centered clinical outcomes. We aimed to investigate the impact of maximum serum chloride concentration on the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients with large hemispheric infarction (LHI). Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study using prospective institutional neurocritical care registry data from 2013 to 2018. Patients with LHIs involving over two-thirds of middle cerebral artery territory, with or without infarction of other vascular territories, and a baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of ≥13 were assessed. Those with a baseline creatinine clearance of <15 mL/min and required neurocritical care for <72 h were excluded. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included 3-month mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) occurrence. Outcomes were compared to different maximum serum chloride levels (5 mmol/L increases) during the entire hospitalization period using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: Of 90 patients, 20 (22.2%) died in-hospital. Patients who died in-hospital had significantly higher maximum serum chloride levels than did those who survived up to hospital discharge (139.7 ± 8.1 vs. 119.1 ± 10.4 mmol/L; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, and Glasgow coma scale score, each 5-mmol/L increase in maximum serum chloride concentration was independently associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 4.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98–9.50; p < 0.001). Maximum serum chloride level was also an independent risk factor for 3-month mortality (aOR, 1.99 [per 5 mmol/L increase]; 95% CI, 1.42–2.79; p < 0.001) and AKI occurrence (aOR, 1.57 [per 5 mmol/L increase]; 95% CI, 1.18–2.08; p = 0.002). Conclusions: High maximum serum chloride concentrations were associated with poor clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with LHI. This study highlights the importance of monitoring serum chloride levels and avoiding hyperchloremia in this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Seok Gwak
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Inyoung Chung
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Baik-Kyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Sukyoon Lee
- Department of Neurology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Han-Gil Jeong
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Heeyun Chae
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Chan-Young Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Moon-Ku Han
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.,Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kim JH, Kim JH, Jang JP, Jang JH, Jin DH, Kim YS, Jin HJ. Identification of Molecules from Coffee Silverskin That Suppresses Myostatin Activity and Improves Muscle Mass and Strength in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092676. [PMID: 34063650 PMCID: PMC8124993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee has been shown to attenuate sarcopenia, the age-associated muscle atrophy. Myostatin (MSTN), a member of the TGF-β growth/differentiation factor superfamily, is a potent negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass, and MSTN-inhibition increases muscle mass or prevents muscle atrophy. This study, thus, investigated the presence of MSTN-inhibitory capacity in coffee extracts. The ethanol-extract of coffee silverskin (CSE) but not other extracts demonstrated anti-MSTN activity in a pGL3-(CAGA)12-luciferase reporter gene assay. CSE also blocked Smad3 phosphorylation induced by MSTN but not by GDF11 or Activin A in Western blot analysis, demonstrating its capacity to block the binding of MSTN to its receptor. Oral administration of CSE significantly increased forelimb muscle mass and grip strength in mice. Using solvent partitioning, solid-phase chromatography, and reverse-phase HPLC, two peaks having MSTN-inhibitory capacity were purified from CSE. The two peaks were identified as βN-arachinoyl−5-hydroxytryptamide (C20−5HT) and βN-behenoyl−5-hydroxytryptamide (C22−5HT) using mass spectrometry and NMR analysis. In summary, the results show that CSE has the MSTN-inhibitory capacity, and C20−5HT and C22−5HT are active components of CSE-suppressing MSTN activity, suggesting the potential of CSE, C20−5HT, and C22−5HT being developed as agents to combat muscle atrophy and metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Han Kim
- Department of Marine Molecular Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung-si 25457, Korea; (J.H.K.); (J.H.K.); (D.-H.J.)
| | - Jae Hong Kim
- Department of Marine Molecular Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung-si 25457, Korea; (J.H.K.); (J.H.K.); (D.-H.J.)
| | - Jun-Pil Jang
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea;
| | - Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea;
| | - Deuk-Hee Jin
- Department of Marine Molecular Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung-si 25457, Korea; (J.H.K.); (J.H.K.); (D.-H.J.)
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, 1955 East-West Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.S.K.); (H.-J.J.); Tel.: +1-808-956-8335 (Y.S.K.); +82-33-640-2349 (H.-J.J.)
| | - Hyung-Joo Jin
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, 1955 East-West Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.S.K.); (H.-J.J.); Tel.: +1-808-956-8335 (Y.S.K.); +82-33-640-2349 (H.-J.J.)
| |
Collapse
|