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Luo D, He F, Liu J, Dong X, Fang M, Liang Y, Chen M, Gui X, Wang W, Zeng L, Fan X, Wu Q. Pseudolaric acid B suppresses NSCLC progression through the ROS/AMPK/mTOR/autophagy signalling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116614. [PMID: 38670047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B (PAB), an acid isolated from the roots of Pseudolarix kaempferi gorden, has shown antitumour effects through multiple mechanisms of action. The objective of this study was to investigate the anticancer effect of PAB on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its underlying mechanism. In our experiments, we observed that PAB decreased cell viability, inhibited colony formation, induced cell cycle arrest, impeded scratch healing, and increased apoptosis in H1975 and H1650 cells. Additionally, PAB treatment enhanced the fluorescence intensity of MDC staining in NSCLC cells, upregulated the protein expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II (LC3 II), and downregulated the expression of sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/P62). Combined treatment with PAB and chloroquine (CQ) increased the protein expression levels of LC3 II and P62 while decreasing the apoptosis of H1975 and H1650 cells. Moreover, treatment with PAB led to significant mTOR inhibition and AMPK activation. PAB combined with compound C (CC) inhibited autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, PAB treatment increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in NSCLC cells, which correlated with the modulation of the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway and was associated with autophagy and apoptosis. Finally, we validated the antitumour growth activity and mechanism of PAB in vivo using athymic nude mice bearing H1975 tumour cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that PAB can induce apoptosis and autophagic cell death in NSCLC through the ROS-triggered AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway, making it a promising candidate for future NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Jingyun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Xueting Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Mengying Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Yuling Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Mengqin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Xuemei Gui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Xianming Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China; Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646099, China.
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510520, China; Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangdong, Zhuhai 51900, China.
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Berry CE, Kendig C, Bs TL, Brenac C, Griffin M, Guo J, Kameni L, Dixon SJ, Longaker MT, Wan D. Ferroptosis Inhibition with Deferoxamine Alleviates Radiation-Induced Fibrosis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4314380. [PMID: 38853919 PMCID: PMC11160928 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4314380/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a debilitating sequelae of radiation therapy that has been shown to improve with topical treatment with the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO). We investigated whether DFO exerts this effect through attenuation of ferroptosis, a recently described iron-dependent pathway of cell death. Methods Adult C57BL/6J mice were treated with topical DFO or ferrostastin-1 (Fer-1) and irradiated with 30 Grays of ionizing radiation to the dorsal skin to promote development of chronic RIF. Immunofluorescent staining with 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) antibody was carried out directly following irradiation to assess ferroptosis activity. Perfusion testing with laser Doppler was performed throughout the healing interval. Eight weeks following radiation, dorsal skin was harvested and analyzed histologically and biomechanically. Results Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated lower presence of 4-HNE in non-irradiated skin, DFO-treated skin, and Fer-1-treated skin compared to irradiated, untreated skin. DFO resulted in histological measurements (dermal thickness and collagen content) that resembled normal skin, while Fer-1 treatment yielded less significant improvements. These results were mirrored by analysis of extracellular matrix ultrastructure and biomechanical testing, which recapitulated the ability of topical DFO treatment to alleviate RIF across these parameters while Fer-1 resulted in less notable improvement. Finally, perfusion levels in DFO treated irradiated skin were similar to measurements in normal skin, while Fer-1 treatment did not impact this feature. Conclusions Ferroptosis contributes to the development of RIF and attenuation of this process leads to reduced skin injury. DFO further improves RIF through additional enhancement of perfusion not seen with Fer-1.
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Wang Y, Ping Z, Gao H, Liu Z, Xv Q, Jiang X, Yu W. LYC inhibits the AKT signaling pathway to activate autophagy and ameliorate TGFB-induced renal fibrosis. Autophagy 2024; 20:1114-1133. [PMID: 38037248 PMCID: PMC11135866 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2287930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a typical pathological change in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the predominant stage. Activation of macroautophagy/autophagy plays a crucial role in the process of EMT. Lycopene (LYC) is a highly antioxidant carotenoid with pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and mediation of autophagy. In this study, we demonstrated the specific mechanism of LYC in activating mitophagy and improving renal fibrosis. The enrichment analysis results of GO and KEGG showed that LYC had high enrichment values with autophagy. In this study, we showed that LYC alleviated aristolochic acid I (AAI)-induced intracellular expression of PINK1, TGFB/TGF-β, p-SMAD2, p-SMAD3, and PRKN/Parkin, recruited expression of MAP1LC3/LC3-II and SQSTM1/p62, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ameliorated renal fibrosis in mice. When we simultaneously intervened NRK52E cells using bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1), AAI, and LYC, intracellular MAP1LC3-II and SQSTM1 expression was significantly increased. A similar result was seen in renal tissue and cells when treated in vitro and in vivo with CQ, AAI, and LYC, and the inhibitory effect of LYC on the AAI-activated SMAD2-SMAD3 signaling pathway was attenuated. Molecular docking simulation experiments showed that LYC stably bound to the AKT active site. After intervention of cells with AAI and GSK-690693, the expression of PINK1, PRKN, MAP1LC3-II, BECN1, p-SMAD2 and p-SMAD3 was increased, and the expression of SQSTM1 was decreased. However, SC79 inhibited autophagy and reversed the inhibitory effect of LYC on EMT. The results showed that LYC could inhibit the AKT signaling pathway to activate mitophagy and reduce renal fibrosis.Abbreviation: AA: aristolochic acid; ACTA2/α-SMA: actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta; ACTB: actin beta; AKT/protein kinase B: thymoma viral proto-oncogene; BAF-A1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1, autophagy related; CCN2/CTGF: cellular communication network factor 2; CDH1/E-Cadherin: cadherin 1; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COL1: collagen, type I; COL3: collagen, type III; CQ: chloroquine; ECM: extracellular matrix; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FN1: fibronectin 1; LYC: lycopene; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase ; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PINK1: PTEN induced putative kinase 1; PRKN/Parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; PPI: protein-protein interaction; SMAD2: SMAD family member 2; SMAD3: SMAD family member 3; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TGFB/TGFβ: transforming growth factor, beta; VIM: vimentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenlei Ping
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongxin Gao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyang Xv
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Li C, Lin X, Su J. HSP90B1 regulates autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, mediating HNSC biological behaviors. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17028. [PMID: 38590708 PMCID: PMC11000640 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy, a crucial cellular mechanism, facilitates the degradation and removal of misfolded proteins and impaired organelles. Recent research has increasingly highlighted the intimate connection between autophagy and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the context of tumor development. However, the specific role and underlying mechanisms of heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1 (HSP90B1) in modulating autophagy within head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain elusive. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression in HNSC cell lines and tissues. The relationship between HSP90B1 and clinicopathologic features was explored based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data and IHC results. The biological functions of HSP90B1 were analyzed through in vitro and in vivo models to evaluate proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy. The mechanisms of HSP90B1 were studied using bioinformatics and WB. Results HSP90B1 was upregulated in HNSC cells and tissues. High HSP90B1 levels were associated with T-stage, M-stage, clinical stage, and poor prognosis in HNSC patients. Functionally, HSP90B1 promotes HNSC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inhibits apoptosis. We discovered that HSP90B1 obstructs autophagy and advances HNSC progression through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that HSP90B1 is highly expressed in HNSC. Furthermore, HSP90B1 may regulate autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, mediating HNSC cell biological behaviors. These provide new insights into potential biomarkers and targets for HNSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiping Su
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Wang K, Mei Z, Zheng M, Liu X, Li D, Wang H. FTO-mediated autophagy inhibition promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression by reducing the stability of SESN2 mRNA. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27571. [PMID: 38495179 PMCID: PMC10943454 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), an N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has recently received widespread attention. However the underlying mechanisms of FTO-mediated autophagy regulation in NSCLC progression remain elusive. In this study, we found that FTO was significantly upregulated in NSCLC, and downregulation of FTO suppressed the growth, invasion and migration of NSCLC cells by inducing autophagy. FTO knockdown resulted in elevated m6A levels in NSCLC cells. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing showed that sestrin 2 (SESN2) was involved in m6A regulation during autophagy in NSCLC cells. Interestingly, m6A modifications in exon 9 of SESN2 regulated its stability. FTO deficiency promoted the binding of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 to SESN2 mRNA, enhancing its stability and elevating its protein expression. FTO inhibited autophagic flux by downregulating SESN2, thereby promoting the growth, invasion and migration of NSCLC cells. Besides, the mechanism by which FTO blocked SESN2-mediated autophagy activation was associated with the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, these findings uncover an essential role of the FTO-autophagy-SESN2 axis in NSCLC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Dabing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
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Tiwari M, Srivastava P, Abbas S, Jegatheesan J, Ranjan A, Sharma S, Maurya VP, Saxena AK, Sharma LK. Emerging Role of Autophagy in Governing Cellular Dormancy, Metabolic Functions, and Therapeutic Responses of Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2024; 13:447. [PMID: 38474411 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumors are composed of heterogeneous populations of dysregulated cells that grow in specialized niches that support their growth and maintain their properties. Tumor heterogeneity and metastasis are among the major hindrances that exist while treating cancer patients, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Although the factors that determine tumor complexity remain largely unknown, several genotypic and phenotypic changes, including DNA mutations and metabolic reprograming provide cancer cells with a survival advantage over host cells and resistance to therapeutics. Furthermore, the presence of a specific population of cells within the tumor mass, commonly known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), is thought to initiate tumor formation, maintenance, resistance, and recurrence. Therefore, these CSCs have been investigated in detail recently as potential targets to treat cancer and prevent recurrence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in CSC proliferation, self-renewal, and dormancy may provide important clues for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Autophagy, a catabolic process, has long been recognized to regulate various physiological and pathological processes. In addition to regulating cancer cells, recent studies have identified a critical role for autophagy in regulating CSC functions. Autophagy is activated under various adverse conditions and promotes cellular maintenance, survival, and even cell death. Thus, it is intriguing to address whether autophagy promotes or inhibits CSC functions and whether autophagy modulation can be used to regulate CSC functions, either alone or in combination. This review describes the roles of autophagy in the regulation of metabolic functions, proliferation and quiescence of CSCs, and its role during therapeutic stress. The review further highlights the autophagy-associated pathways that could be used to regulate CSCs. Overall, the present review will help to rationalize various translational approaches that involve autophagy-mediated modulation of CSCs in controlling cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Pransu Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sabiya Abbas
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Janani Jegatheesan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Ved Prakash Maurya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Saxena
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Lokendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
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Zhang S, Tamura A, Yui N. Enhanced Tumor Targeting and Antitumor Activity of Methylated β-Cyclodextrin-Threaded Polyrotaxanes by Conjugating Cyclic RGD Peptides. Biomolecules 2024; 14:223. [PMID: 38397461 PMCID: PMC10886891 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that acid-degradable methylated β-cyclodextrins (Me-β-CDs)-threaded polyrotaxanes (Me-PRXs) can induce autophagic cell death through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related autophagy, even in apoptosis-resistant cells. Hence, Me-PRXs show great potential as anticancer therapeutics. In this study, peptide-supermolecule conjugates were designed to achieve the targeted delivery of Me-PRX to malignant tumors. Arg-Gly-Asp peptides are well-known binding motifs of integrin αvβ3, which is overexpressed on angiogenic sites and many malignant tumors. The tumor-targeted cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) peptide was orthogonally post-modified to Me-PRX via click chemistry. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) results indicated that cRGD-Me-PRX strongly binds to integrin αvβ3, whereas non-targeted cyclic Arg-Ala-Glu (cRGE) peptide conjugated to Me-PRX (cRGE-Me-PRX) failed to interact with integrins αvβ3. In vitro, cRGD-Me-PRX demonstrated enhanced cellular internalization and antitumor activity in 4T1 cells than that of unmodified Me-PRX and non-targeted cRGE-Me-PRX, due to its ability to recognize integrin αvβ3. Furthermore, cRGD-Me-PRX accumulated effectively in tumors, leading to antitumor effects, and exhibited excellent biocompatibility and safety in vivo. Therefore, cRGD conjugation to enhance selectivity for integrin αvβ3-positive cancer cells is a promising design strategy for Me-PRXs in antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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Kast RE. IPIAD- an augmentation regimen added to standard treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using already-marketed repurposed drugs irbesartan, pyrimethamine, itraconazole, azithromycin, and dapsone. Oncoscience 2024; 11:15-31. [PMID: 38524376 PMCID: PMC10959018 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This short note presents the data and rationale for adding five generic non-oncology drugs from general medical practice to gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, a current standard cytotoxic chemotherapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The regimen, called IPIAD, uses an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) irbesartan indicated for treating hypertension, an old antimicrobial drug pyrimethamine indicated for treating toxoplasmosis or malaria, an old antifungal drug itraconazole, an old broad spectrum antibiotic azithromycin and an old antibiotic dapsone. In reviewing selected growth driving systems active in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma then comparing these with detailed data on ancillary attributes of the IPIAD drugs, one can predict clinical benefit and slowing growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by this augmentation regimen.
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Zhang R, Zhang C, Lu Q, Liang C, Tian M, Li Z, Yang Y, Li X, Deng Y. Cancer-cell-specific Self-Reporting Photosensitizer for Precise Identification and Ablation of Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1659-1667. [PMID: 38238102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-cell-specific fluorescent photosensitizers (PSs) are highly desired molecular tools for cancer ablation with minimal damage to normal cells. However, such PSs that can achieve cancer specification and ablation and a self-reporting manner concurrently are rarely reported and still an extremely challenging task. Herein, we have proposed a feasible strategy and conceived a series of fluorescent PSs based on simple chemical structures for identifying and killing cancer cells as well as monitoring the photodynamic therapy (PDT) process by visualizing the change of subcellular localization. All of the constructed cationic molecules could stain mitochondria in cancer cells, identify cancer cells specifically, and monitor cancer cell viability. Among these, IVP-Br has the strongest ability to produce ROS, which serves as a potent PS for specific recognition and killing of cancer cells. IVP-Br could translocate from mitochondria to the nucleolus during PDT, self-reporting the entire therapeutic process. Mechanism study confirms that IVP-Br with light irradiation causes cancer cell ablation via inducing cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis, and autophagy. The efficient ablation of tumor through PDT induced by IVP-Br has been confirmed in the 3D tumor spheroid chip. Particularly, IVP-Br could discriminate cancer cells from white blood cells (WBCs), exhibiting great potential to identify circulating tumor cells (CTCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyao Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qing Lu
- China Fire and Rescue Institute, Changping, Beijing 102202, China
| | - Chaohui Liang
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Minggang Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Zhao Li
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuanzhan Yang
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Li
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Medical Technology, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Lv X, Wang B, Dong M, Wang W, Tang W, Qin J, Gao Y, Wei Y. The crosstalk between ferroptosis and autophagy in cancer. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2289362. [PMID: 38069487 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2289362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to better understand the interplay between ferroptosis and autophagy, enhance the interpretation of the crosstalk between these two forms of regulated cell death, develop the effective pharmacological mechanisms for cancer treatment, discover novel biomarkers for better diagnostic, and envisage the future hotspots of the research on ferroptosis and autophagy, we harnessed bibliometric tools to study the articles published from 2012 to 2022 on the relationship between ferroptosis and autophagy. METHODS Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database was used to conduct a comprehensive search and analysis of articles in this field from January 1, 2012, to September 1, 2022. The Citespace 6.1.R2 software and VOS viewer 6.1.8 software were utilized to analyze the overall structure of the network, network clusters, links between clusters, key nodes or pivot points, and pathways. RESULTS A total of 756 articles associated with the crosstalk between ferroptosis and autophagy were published in 512 journals by 4183 authors in 980 organizations from 55 countries or regions. The distribution of countries and organizations was demonstrated using CiteSpace and VOS viewer. The top three countries with the most articles were China (n = 511), United States (n = 166), and Germany (n = 37). The most productive institutions were Guangzhou Medical University and Central South University (n = 42), but their centralities were relatively low, which values were respective 0.04 and 0.03. Kang and Tang published the most articles related to ferroptosis and autophagy (n = 49), followed by Jiao Liu (n = 22), Guido Kroemer (n = 20), and Daniel Klionsky (n = 12). Published studies on ferroptosis and asthma have the most cited counts. The top three keywords with the highest frequencies were autophagy (n = 283), cell death (n = 243), and oxidative stress (n = 165). CONCLUSION Our results provide insights into the development of recognition related to the crosstalk between ferroptosis and autophagy, and the current molecular crosslinked mechanisms in the context of common signal transduction pathways or affecting cellular environment to induce the adaptive stress response and to activate the particular form of regulated cell death (RCD), and the development of cancer treatment based on novel targets and signaling regulatory networks provided by ferroptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Lv
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Medicine School of Hexi College, Zhangye, Gansu, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Gumei community Health center of Minhang district of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Tang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Qin
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanglai Gao
- Medicine School of Hexi College, Zhangye, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Duan X, Tong Q, Fu C, Chen L. Lysosome-targeted fluorescent probes: Design mechanism and biological applications. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106832. [PMID: 37683542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
As an integral organelle in the eukaryote, the lysosome is the degradation center and metabolic signal center in living cells, and partakes in significant physiological processes such as autophagy, cell death and cellular senescence. Fluorescent probe has become a favorite tool for studying organelles and their chemical microenvironments because of its high specificity and non-destructive merits. Over recent years, it has been reported that increasingly new lysosome-targeted probes play a major role in the diagnosis and monitor of diseases, in particular cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In order to deepen the relevant research on lysosome, it is challenging and inevitability to design novel lysosomal targeting probes. This review first introduces the concepts of lysosome and its closely related biological activities, and then introduces the fluorescent probes for lysosome in detail according to different detection targets, including targeting mechanism, biological imaging, and application in diseases. Finally, we summarize the specific challenges and discuss the future development direction facing the current lysosome-targeted fluorescent probes. We hope that this review can help biologists grasp the application of fluorescent probes and broaden the research ideas of researchers targeting fluorescent probes so as to design more accurate and functional probes for application in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Duan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Tong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Oncology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Chengxiao Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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12
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Yang C, Zhang Z, Liu J, Chen P, Li J, Shu H, Chu Y, Li L. Research progress on multiple cell death pathways of podocytes in diabetic kidney disease. Mol Med 2023; 29:135. [PMID: 37828444 PMCID: PMC10571269 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease, and its clinical manifestations are progressive proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and renal failure. The injury and death of glomerular podocytes are the keys to DKD. Currently, a variety of cell death modes have been identified in podocytes, including apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, etc. The signaling pathways leading to these cell death processes are interconnected and can be activated simultaneously or in parallel. They are essential for cell survival and death that determine the fate of cells. With the deepening of the research on the mechanism of cell death, more and more researchers have devoted their attention to the underlying pathologic research and the drug therapy research of DKD. In this paper, we discussed the podocyte physiologic role and DKD processes. We also provide an overview of the types and specific mechanisms involved in each type of cell death in DKD, as well as related targeted therapy methods and drugs are reviewed. In the last part we discuss the complexity and potential crosstalk between various modes of cell death, which will help improve the understanding of podocyte death and lay a foundation for new and ideal targeted therapy strategies for DKD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- School of First Clinical Medical College, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Jieting Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Peijian Chen
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Haiying Shu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China.
| | - Luxin Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, China.
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13
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Shakeri F, Mohamadynejad P, Moghanibashi M. Identification of autophagy and angiogenesis modulators in colorectal cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 43:340-355. [PMID: 37791824 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2023.2259431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The purpose of this study was to discover novel molecular pathways and potential prognosis biomarkers. To achieve this, we acquired five microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We identified differentially expressed genes between CRC and adjacent normal tissue samples and further validated them using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Using various analytical approaches, including the construction of a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, Gene Ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses, as well as survival analysis, we identified key genes and pathways associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. We obtained a total of 185 differentially expressed genes, comprising 17 lncRNAs, 30 miRNAs, and 138 mRNAs. The ceRNA network consisted of 17 lncRNAs, 25 miRNAs, and 7 mRNAs. Among the 7 mRNAs involved in the ceRNA network, SLC7A5 and KRT80 were found to be upregulated, while ADIPOQ, CCBE1, KCNB1, CADM2, and CHRDL1 were downregulated in CRC. Further analysis revealed that ADIPOQ and SLC7A5 are involved in the AMPK and mTOR signaling pathway, respectively. In addition, survival analysis demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between ADIPOQ, SLC7A5, and overall survival rates in CRC patients. In conclusion, our findings suggest that downregulation of ADIPOQ and upregulation of SLC7A5 in tumor cells lead to increased mTORC1 activity, reduced autophagy, enhanced angiogenesis, and ultimately contribute to cancer progression and decreased survival in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Shakeri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Parisa Mohamadynejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moghanibashi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
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14
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Wei Z, Xia K, Zheng D, Gong C, Guo W. RILP inhibits tumor progression in osteosarcoma via Grb10-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mol Med 2023; 29:133. [PMID: 37789274 PMCID: PMC10548720 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rab-interacting lysosomal protein (RILP) contains an alpha-helical coil with an unexplored biological function in osteosarcoma. This study investigated the expression of RILP in osteosarcoma cells and tissues to determine the effect of RILP on the biological behaviors of osteosarcoma cells and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used for bioinformatic analysis. Co-immunoprecipitation experiment was used to determine whether the two proteins were interacting. In functional tests, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, transwell invasion assay, Immunofluorescence (IF) assay and immunohistochemical (IHC) assay were performed. RESULTS Overexpression of RILP significantly inhibited proliferation and impaired metastasis ability of osteosarcoma cells, while silencing of RILP showed the opposite trend. RNA-seq data analysis was applied in 143B cells and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway. We further verified that overexpression of RILP restrained the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and induced autophagy in osteosarcoma cells, while the opposite trend was observed when PI3K pathway activator 740Y-P was used. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), a selective autophagy inhibitor, partially attenuated the inhibitory effect of RILP on the migration and invasion ability of osteosarcoma cells, suggesting the involvement of autophagy in epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulation in osteosarcoma cells. Growth factor receptor binding protein-10 (Grb10), an adaptor protein, was confirmed as a potential target of RILP to restrain the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. We subcutaneously injected stably overexpressing 143B osteosarcoma cells into nude mice and observed that overexpression of RILP inhibited tumor growth by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that the expression of RILP was associated with favorable prognosis of osteosarcoma and RILP inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion and promotes autophagy in osteosarcoma cells via Grb10-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In the future, targeting RILP may be a potential strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Kezhou Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Di Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Changtian Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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15
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Xie L, Li W, Zheng X, Liu L, Lin L, Niu J, Yang T. Treponema pallidum membrane protein Tp47 induced autophagy and inhibited cell migration in HMC3 cells via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3065-3074. [PMID: 37487001 PMCID: PMC10568662 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The migratory ability of microglia facilitates their rapid transport to a site of injury to kill and remove pathogens. However, the effect of Treponema pallidum membrane proteins on microglia migration remains unclear. The effect of Tp47 on the migration ability and autophagy and related mechanisms were investigated using the human microglial clone 3 cell line. Tp47 inhibited microglia migration, the expression of autophagy-associated protein P62 decreased, the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-II/LC3-I increased, and the autophagic flux increased in this process. Furthermore, autophagy was significantly inhibited, and microglial cell migration was significantly increased after neutralisation with an anti-Tp47 antibody. In addition, Tp47 significantly inhibited the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR proteins, and the sequential activation of steps in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways effectively prevented Tp47-induced autophagy. Moreover, Tp47 significantly inhibited the expression of p-FOXO1 protein and promoted FOXO1 nuclear translocation. Inhibition of FOXO1 effectively suppressed Tp47-induced activation of autophagy and inhibition of migration. Treponema pallidum membrane protein Tp47-induced autophagy and inhibited cell migration in HMC3 Cells via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway. These data will contribute to understanding the mechanism by which T. pallidum escapes immune killing and clearance after invasion into the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Wei Li
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Xin‐Qi Zheng
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Li‐Li Liu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Institute of Infectious Disease, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Li‐Rong Lin
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Institute of Infectious Disease, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Jian‐Jun Niu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Institute of Infectious Disease, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Tian‐Ci Yang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Institute of Infectious Disease, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
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16
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Hu S, Chu Y, Zhou X, Wang X. Recent advances of ferroptosis in tumor: From biological function to clinical application. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115419. [PMID: 37666176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of cell death with distinct features in terms of morphology, biochemistry, and molecular mechanisms. Unlike other types of cell death, ferroptosis is characterized by iron dependence, reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Recent studies have demonstrated that selective autophagy plays a vital role in the induction of ferroptosis, including ferritinophagy, lipophagy, clockophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Emerging evidence has indicated the involvement of ferroptosis in tumorigenesis through regulating various biological processes, including tumor growth, metastasis, stemness, drug resistance, and recurrence. Clinical and preclinical studies have found that novel therapies targeting ferroptosis exert great potential in the treatment of tumors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms in ferroptosis, especially in autophagy-driven ferroptosis, discusses the recent advances in the biological roles of ferroptosis in tumorigenesis, and highlights the application of novel ferroptosis-targeted therapies in the clinical treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunfeng Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yurou Chu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 251006, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 251006, China.
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17
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Zhao Y, Jiang B, Huang D, Lou J, Li G, Liu J, Duan F, Yuan Y, Su X. Ferrostatin-1 post-treatment attenuates acute kidney injury in mice by inhibiting ferritin production and regulating iron uptake-related proteins. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15786. [PMID: 37701828 PMCID: PMC10494833 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious medical condition with high morbidity and mortality. Recent research has highlighted ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, as a potential therapeutic target in mitigating renal tubular injury in AKI. Ferrostatin-1, a specific ferroptosis inhibitor, has been demonstrated to prevent renal injury through ferroptosis inhibition. Methods Utilizing a murine AKI model, we investigated the effects of Ferrostatin-1 by administering it post-injury. Through high-throughput sequencing and pathological analysis, we focused on the critical role of ferroptosis-related pathways in the treatment. Results Ferrostatin-1 post-conditioning effectively mitigated oxidative damage and reduced iron content associated with AKI. Additionally, critical ferroptosis-related proteins, such as GPX4, SLC7A11, NRF2, and FTH1, exhibited increased expression levels. In vitro, Ferrostatin-1 treatment of HK-2 cells significantly diminished lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation. Furthermore, Ferrostatin-1 was found to downregulate the PI3K signalling pathway. Conclusion Ferrostatin-1 acted as a potential ferroptosis inhibitor with the capacity to enhance antioxidant defences. This study suggests that Ferrostatin-1 could serve as a promising novel strategy for improving the treatment of AKI and promoting recovery from the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiu Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binhua Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dinghui Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juxiang Lou
- Department of Nephrology, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoshun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuhui Duan
- Department of Nephrology, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- Department of Nephrology, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Zani CP, Zani AP, Thomazini CM, Retamiro KM, de Oliveira AR, Gonçalves DL, Sarragiotto MH, Garcia FP, de Oliveira Silva S, Nakamura CV, Ueda-Nakamura T. β-Carboline-α-aminophosphonate Derivative: A Promising Antitumor Agent for Breast Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093949. [PMID: 37175359 PMCID: PMC10179861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women worldwide. Considering the limitations of the current treatments available, we analyzed the in vitro cytotoxic potential of ((4-Fluoro-phenyl)-{2-[(1-phenyl-9H-β-carboline-3-carbonyl)-amino]-ethylamino}-methyl)-phosphonic acid dibutyl ester (BCP-1) in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and in a non-tumor breast cell line (MCF-10A). BCP-1 has an α-aminophosphonate unit linked to the β-carboline nucleus, and the literature indicates that compounds of these classes have high biological potential. In the present study, the mechanism of action of BCP-1 was investigated through methods of spectrofluorimetry, flow cytometry, and protein expression analysis. It was found that BCP-1 inhibited the proliferation of both cancer cell lines. Furthermore, it induced oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest in G2/M. Upregulation of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, cytochrome C, and caspases, as well as a decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, indicated potential induction of apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cells. While in MCF-7 cells, BCP-1 activated the autophagic death pathway, which was demonstrated by an increase in autophagic vacuoles and acidic organelles, in addition to increased expression of LC3I/LC3II and reduced SQSTM1/p62 expression. Further, BCP-1 demonstrated antimetastatic potential by reducing MMP-9 expression and cell migration in both breast cancer cell lines. In conclusion, BCP-1 is a promising candidate for breast cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pinto Zani
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aline Pinto Zani
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Melissa Thomazini
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Karina Miyuki Retamiro
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Laís Gonçalves
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Francielle Pelegrin Garcia
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sueli de Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tania Ueda-Nakamura
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Development of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá CEP 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
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19
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Uomoto S, Takesue K, Shimizu S, Maeda N, Oshima K, Hara E, Kobayashi M, Takahashi Y, Shibutani M, Yoshida T. Phenobarbital, a hepatic metabolic enzyme inducer, inhibits preneoplastic hepatic lesions with expression of selective autophagy receptor p62 and ER-phagy receptor FAM134B in high-fat diet-fed rats through the inhibition of ER stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113607. [PMID: 36657701 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-phagy in NAFLD-related hepatocarcinogenesis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed and/or phenobarbital (PB)-treated rats by clustering the expression levels of the selective autophagy receptor p62 and the ER-phagy-specific receptor FAM134B in preneoplastic hepatic lesions. We obtained four clusters with variable expression levels of p62 and FAM134B in preneoplastic lesions, and a variable population of clusters in each group. PB administration increased the clusters with high expression levels of p62 while HFD feeding increased the clusters with high expression levels of both p62 and FAM134B. The areas of preneoplastic lesions of these clusters were significantly increased than those of other clusters with low expression levels of p62 and FAM134B. The combination of HFD feeding with PB counteracted the effects of each other, and the cluster composition was similar to that in the control group. The results were associated with decreased gene expression of ER stress, inflammatory cytokine, autophagy, and increased expression of antioxidant enzyme. The present study demonstrated that clustering analysis is useful for understanding the role of autophagy in each preneoplastic lesion, and that HFD feeding increased preneoplastic lesions through the inhibition of ER-phagy, which was cancelled with PB administration through the induction of ER-phagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzuka Uomoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takesue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Saori Shimizu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Natsuno Maeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kanami Oshima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Emika Hara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mio Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takahashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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Szulak F, Etcheverry Boneo L, Becu-Villalobos D, Fernandez MO, Sorianello E. Benzophenones alter autophagy and ER stress gene expression in pancreatic beta cells in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:936-956. [PMID: 36484879 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Benzophenones (BPs) are endocrine disruptors frequently used in sunscreens and food packaging as UV blockers. Our goal was to assess the effect of benzophenone 2 (BP2) and 3 (BP3) on gene expression related to autophagy process and ER stress response in pancreatic beta cells. To that end, the mouse pancreatic beta cell line MIN6B1 was treated with 10 µM BP2 or BP3 in the presence or absence of the autophagy-inhibitor chloroquine (CQ, 10 µM) or the autophagy-inducer rapamycin (RAPA, 50 nM) during 24 h. BP3 inhibited the expression of the autophagic gene Ulk1, and additional effects were uncovered when autophagy was modified by CQ and RAPA. BP3 counteracted CQ-induced Lamp2 expression but did not compensate CQ-induced Sqstm1/p62 gene transcription, neither BP2. Nevertheless, the BPs did not alter the autophagic flux. In relation to ER stress, BP3 inhibited unspliced and spliced Xbp1 mRNA levels in the presence or absence of CQ, totally counteracted CQ-induced Chop gene expression, and partially reverted CQ-induced Grp78/Bip mRNA levels, while BP2 also partially inhibited Grp78/Bip mRNA induction by CQ. In conclusion, BPs, principally BP3, affect cellular adaptive responses related to autophagy, lysosomal biogenesis, and ER stress in pancreatic beta cells, indicating that BP exposure could lead to beta cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Szulak
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luz Etcheverry Boneo
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damasia Becu-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Olga Fernandez
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eleonora Sorianello
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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21
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Qin R, You FM, Zhao Q, Xie X, Peng C, Zhan G, Han B. Naturally derived indole alkaloids targeting regulated cell death (RCD) for cancer therapy: from molecular mechanisms to potential therapeutic targets. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:133. [PMID: 36104717 PMCID: PMC9471064 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) is a critical and active process that is controlled by specific signal transduction pathways and can be regulated by genetic signals or drug interventions. Meanwhile, RCD is closely related to the occurrence and therapy of multiple human cancers. Generally, RCD subroutines are the key signals of tumorigenesis, which are contributed to our better understanding of cancer pathogenesis and therapeutics. Indole alkaloids derived from natural sources are well defined for their outstanding biological and pharmacological properties, like vincristine, vinblastine, staurosporine, indirubin, and 3,3′-diindolylmethane, which are currently used in the clinic or under clinical assessment. Moreover, such compounds play a significant role in discovering novel anticancer agents. Thus, here we systemically summarized recent advances in indole alkaloids as anticancer agents by targeting different RCD subroutines, including the classical apoptosis and autophagic cell death signaling pathways as well as the crucial signaling pathways of other RCD subroutines, such as ferroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, necroptosis, and anoikis, in cancer. Moreover, we further discussed the cross talk between different RCD subroutines mediated by indole alkaloids and the combined strategies of multiple agents (e.g., 3,10-dibromofascaplysin combined with olaparib) to exhibit therapeutic potential against various cancers by regulating RCD subroutines. In short, the information provided in this review on the regulation of cell death by indole alkaloids against different targets is expected to be beneficial for the design of novel molecules with greater targeting and biological properties, thereby facilitating the development of new strategies for cancer therapy.
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22
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Mills JA, Humphries J, Simpson JD, Sonderegger SE, Thurecht KJ, Fletcher NL. Modulating Macrophage Clearance of Nanoparticles: Comparison of Small-Molecule and Biologic Drugs as Pharmacokinetic Modifiers of Soft Nanomaterials. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4080-4097. [PMID: 36069540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicines show benefits in overcoming the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems by reducing side effects, toxicity, and exhibiting enhanced pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles to improve the therapeutic window of small-molecule drugs. However, upon administration, many nanoparticles (NPs) prompt induction of host innate immune responses, which in combination with other clearance pathways such as renal and hepatic, eliminate up to 99% of the administered dose. Here, we explore a drug predosing strategy to transiently suppress the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), subsequently improving the PK profile and biological behaviors exhibited by a model NP system [hyperbranched polymers (HBPs)] in an immunocompetent mouse model. In vitro assays allowed the identification of five drug candidates that attenuated cellular association. Predosing of lead compounds chloroquine (CQ) and zoledronic acid (ZA) further showed increased HBP retention within the circulatory system of mice, as shown by both fluorescence imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Flow cytometric evaluation of spleen and liver tissue cells following intravenous administration further demonstrated that CQ and ZA significantly reduced HBP association with myeloid cells by 23 and 16%, respectively. The results of this study support the use of CQ to pharmacologically suppress the MPS to improve NP PKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Mills
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - James Humphries
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Joshua D Simpson
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stefan E Sonderegger
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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23
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Li Y, Wang RY, Deng YJ, Wu SH, Sun X, Mu H. Molecular characteristics, clinical significance, and cancer immune interactions of cuproptosis and ferroptosis-associated genes in colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:975859. [PMID: 36132144 PMCID: PMC9483209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.975859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To systematically analyze the expression of cuproptosis and ferroptosis genes and their impact on the development, prognosis, tumor microenvironment (TME), and treatment response in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients Methods We systematically evaluated 33 cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related genes and comprehensively identified the correlations between cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related genes and transcriptional patterns, prognosis, and clinical features. Three distinct subgroups were identified in CRC using the TCGA database and the GEO database. We next assessed the relationship between the molecular features, prognostic significance, and clinical indicators of the prognostic genes in the cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related gene clusters. In addition, a PAC_score, which accurately predicted the prognosis of CRC patients and the efficacy of immunomodulatory mAbs, was obtained. Results Patients in the low expression group (low expression of cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related genes) had a longer survival compared to the high expression group. We identified two distinct prognosis-associated molecular subtypes and observed an association between clinical information and prognosis. The enrichment analysis of differential genes associated with prognosis showed that the main enrichment was related to biological processes such as metastasis and metabolism. Next, the PCA_score for predicting overall survival (OS) was established and its reliable predictive value in CRC patients was confirmed. Furthermore, highly reliable nomogram was created to facilitate the clinical feasibility of the PCA_score. It was found that the immunomodulatory mAbs, PD-L1 and CTLA4 were highly expressed in the low PCA_score score group with statistically significance. Conclusion Overall, the PCA scores of prognostic differential genes in the cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related gene clusters were strongly associated with clinical characteristics, prognosis, and immunotherapy in CRC patients. This data may promote further exploration of more effective immunotherapy strategies for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ru-yao Wang
- Blood Transfusion Department, Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-jiao Deng
- Department of Clinical Training and Teaching , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shao-hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinti Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Mu,
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Peng F, Liao M, Qin R, Zhu S, Peng C, Fu L, Chen Y, Han B. Regulated cell death (RCD) in cancer: key pathways and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:286. [PMID: 35963853 PMCID: PMC9376115 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD), also well-known as programmed cell death (PCD), refers to the form of cell death that can be regulated by a variety of biomacromolecules, which is distinctive from accidental cell death (ACD). Accumulating evidence has revealed that RCD subroutines are the key features of tumorigenesis, which may ultimately lead to the establishment of different potential therapeutic strategies. Hitherto, targeting the subroutines of RCD with pharmacological small-molecule compounds has been emerging as a promising therapeutic avenue, which has rapidly progressed in many types of human cancers. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing not only the key apoptotic and autophagy-dependent cell death signaling pathways, but the crucial pathways of other RCD subroutines, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, entosis, NETosis and lysosome-dependent cell death (LCD) in cancer. Moreover, we further discuss the current situation of several small-molecule compounds targeting the different RCD subroutines to improve cancer treatment, such as single-target, dual or multiple-target small-molecule compounds, drug combinations, and some new emerging therapeutic strategies that would together shed new light on future directions to attack cancer cell vulnerabilities with small-molecule drugs targeting RCD for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Leilei Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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25
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Ma TL, Chen JX, Zhu P, Zhang CB, Zhou Y, Duan JX. Focus on ferroptosis regulation: Exploring novel mechanisms and applications of ferroptosis regulator. Life Sci 2022; 307:120868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Regulatory pathways and drugs associated with ferroptosis in tumors. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:544. [PMID: 35688814 PMCID: PMC9187756 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of cell death that depends on iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The accumulation of iron and lipid peroxidation primarily initiates oxidative membrane damage during ferroptosis. The core molecular mechanism of ferroptosis includes the regulation of oxidation and the balance between damage and antioxidant defense. Tumor cells usually contain a large amount of H2O2, and ferrous/iron ions will react with excessive H2O2 in cells to produce hydroxyl radicals and induce ferroptosis in tumor cells. Here, we reviewed the latest studies on the regulation of ferroptosis in tumor cells and introduced the tumor-related signaling pathways of ferroptosis. We paid particular attention to the role of noncoding RNA, nanomaterials, the role of drugs, and targeted treatment using ferroptosis drugs for mediating the ferroptosis process in tumor cells. Finally, we discussed the currently unresolved problems and future research directions for ferroptosis in tumor cells and the prospects of this emerging field. Therefore, we have attempted to provide a reference for further understanding of the pathogenesis of ferroptosis and proposed new targets for cancer treatment.
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Zhu T, Cen Y, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Wang J, Lu W, Xie X, Wang X. Oncogenic circTICRR suppresses autophagy via binding to HuR protein and stabilizing GLUD1 mRNA in cervical cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:479. [PMID: 35595754 PMCID: PMC9122915 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are critical regulators in the occurrence and development of numerous cancers, in which abnormal autophagy plays a key role. However, the potential involvement of circRNAs in autophagy is largely unknown. Here, we identified the overexpression of circTICRR, a circular RNA, in cervical cancer. In vitro experiments showed that knockdown of circTICRR activated autophagy, and consequently promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in cervical cancer cells, and vice versa. CircTICRR interacted with HuR protein via binding to F287/F289 in the RRM3 domain of HuR, stabilizing GLUD1 mRNA and elevating the level of GLUD1 protein. In vivo experiments revealed that knockdown of circTICRR suppressed the growth of transplanted tumors. An inhibitory peptide specific to the binding site between circTICRR and HuR protein promoted autophagy, induced apoptosis, suppressed proliferation in cervical cancer cells, and inhibited the growth of xenografts. Our findings suggest that circTICRR acts as an oncogene in cervical cancer and the interaction between circTICRR and HuR protein may be a potential target in cervical cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjia Zhu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Yixuan Cen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Zhuoye Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Lu Zhao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCancer center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang China
| | - Xing Xie
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XWomen’s Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCancer center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China
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Yu K, Zhou L, Wang Y, Yu C, Wang Z, Liu H, Wei H, Han L, Cheng J, Wang F, Wang DW, Zhao C. Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies of Viral Myocarditis Targeting Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:843103. [PMID: 35479306 PMCID: PMC9035591 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.843103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral myocarditis is caused by infection with viruses or bacteria, including coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), and is characterized by acute or chronic inflammatory responses in the heart. The mortality associated with severe viral myocarditis is considerable. In some patients, viral myocarditis may develop into dilated cardiomyopathy or heart failure. Autophagy is involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including viral infection and replication. In the present review, we focus on the responses of cardiac tissues, cardiomyocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts to CVB3 infection. Subsequently, the effects of altered autophagy on the development of viral myocarditis are discussed. Finally, this review also examined and assessed the use of several popular autophagy modulating drugs, such as metformin, resveratrol, rapamycin, wortmannin, and 3-methyladenine, as alternative treatment strategies for viral myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinhui Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengxin Yu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Wei
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Chunxia Zhao,
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Wang Y, Lu H, Wang Z, Li Y, Chen X. TGF-β1 Promotes Autophagy and Inhibits Apoptosis in Breast Cancer by Targeting TP63. Front Oncol 2022; 12:865067. [PMID: 35480110 PMCID: PMC9035888 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.865067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is a prevalent female cancer, which has high morbidity and mortality. However, the pathogenesis of BC has not been fully elucidated. Studies have shown that TGF-β1 plays an important role in regulating the balance between autophagy and apoptosis of tumor. We aim to clarify the specific mechanism of autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer maintaining the tumor microenvironment.MethodsThe clinical characteristics of 850 BC patients were retrieved from the TCGA database. Differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DEARGs) between tumor and normal tissues were obtained by the Wilcox test. Through Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, the prognostic risk model was constructed and verified by the ROC curve. We used MDC staining, colony formation assay, CCK-8, flow cytometric analysis to confirm the importance of TGF-β1 on the autophagy and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, western blot was performed to determine the relative expression of protein. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was utilized to identify the prognostic value of TP63.ResultsWe successfully constructed a prognostic risk model of breast cancer and screened out an autophagy-related prognostic gene -TP63. We predicted that TGF-β1 and TP63 have a binding site in the JASPAR database as expected. Additionally, TGF-β1 promoted autophagy and inhibited apoptosis of breast cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of TP63.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the molecular mechanism of TGF-β/TP63 signaling in regulating autophagy and apoptosis of breast cancer and provided a potential prognostic marker in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou Univesity Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Hongsheng Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou Univesity Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Zhongrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain-Like Neuromorphic Devices and Systems of Hebei Province College of Electron and Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yueguo Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yueguo Li, ; Xiaoying Chen,
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou Univesity Hospital), Taizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yueguo Li, ; Xiaoying Chen,
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Zhang J, Guo ZY, Shao CL, Zhang XQ, Cheng F, Zou K, Chen JF. Nigrosporins B, a Potential Anti-Cervical Cancer Agent, Induces Apoptosis and Protective Autophagy in Human Cervical Cancer Ca Ski Cells Mediated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:2431. [PMID: 35458629 PMCID: PMC9033138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nigrosporins B, an anthraquinone derivative obtained from the secondary metabolites of marine fungus Nigrospora oryzae. In this study, we characterized the distinctive anti-cancer potential of Nigrosporins B in vitro and underlying molecular mechanisms in human cervical cancer Ca Ski cells for the first time. The results of MTT assay showed that Nigrosporins B significantly inhibited the proliferation of multiple tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner, especially for the Ca Ski cells with an IC50 of 1.24 µM. Nigrosporins B exerted an apoptosis induction effect on Ca Ski cells as confirmed by flow cytometry, AO/EB dual fluorescence staining, mitochondrial membrane potential analysis and western blot assay. In addition, Nigrosporins B induced obvious autophagy accompanied with the increase of autophagic vacuoles and the acceleration of autophagic flux as indicated by Cyto-ID staining, mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus transfection and western blot analysis. Interestingly, the combination of Nigrosporins B with the three autophagy inhibitors all significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of Nigrosporins B on Ca Ski cells, indicating that the autophagy induced by Nigrosporins B might protect Ca Ski cells from death. Furthermore, we found that Nigrosporins B inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, mTOR molecules and increased the protein expression levels of PTEN and p-AMPKα in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that Nigrosporins B induced apoptosis and protective autophagy through the suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Together, these findings revealed the anti-cervical cancer effect of Nigrosporins B and the underlying mechanism of action in Ca Ski cells, it might be as a promising alternative therapeutic agent for human cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (J.Z.); (Z.-Y.G.); (X.-Q.Z.); (F.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Zhi-Yong Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (J.Z.); (Z.-Y.G.); (X.-Q.Z.); (F.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Chang-Lun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
| | - Xue-Qing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (J.Z.); (Z.-Y.G.); (X.-Q.Z.); (F.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Fan Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (J.Z.); (Z.-Y.G.); (X.-Q.Z.); (F.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kun Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (J.Z.); (Z.-Y.G.); (X.-Q.Z.); (F.C.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (J.Z.); (Z.-Y.G.); (X.-Q.Z.); (F.C.); (K.Z.)
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Peng Y, Wang Y, Zhou C, Mei W, Zeng C. PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway and Its Role in Cancer Therapeutics: Are We Making Headway? Front Oncol 2022; 12:819128. [PMID: 35402264 PMCID: PMC8987494 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.819128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a severe public health issue that is a leading cause of mortality globally. It is also an impediment to improving life expectancy worldwide. Furthermore, the global burden of cancer incidence and death is continuously growing. Current therapeutic options are insufficient for patients, and tumor complexity and heterogeneity necessitate customized medicine or targeted therapy. It is critical to identify potential cancer therapeutic targets. Aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has a significant role in carcinogenesis. This review summarized oncogenic PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway alterations in cancer and various cancer hallmarks associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, such as cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance. Importantly, this review provided recent advances in PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor research. Overall, an in-depth understanding of the association between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and tumorigenesis and the development of therapies targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway will help make clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wuxuan Mei
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Changchun Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Marsdenia tenacissima Extract Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Cells via MIF/mToR Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7354700. [PMID: 35280512 PMCID: PMC8916871 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7354700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) seriously endangers humans. In traditional Chinese medicine, Marsdenia tenacissima (MTE) has anti-inflammatory, antiasthmatic, antihypertensive, and anticancer effects. This study reveals the antiproliferative effect of MTE on the HCC cells in vitro and provides a theoretical basis for the development and clinical application of anti-HCC agents. Methods. MHCC-97H and HepG2 cells were cultured in vitro and exposed to various concentrations and durations of MTE, and an MTT assay was used to detect the effects of MTE on cell proliferation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the morphological changes in the two cell lines after MTE stimulation. The MTE effects on the apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of the cell lines were detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect target gene expression at the protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Results. MTE reduced the viability of the MHCC-97H and HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manners (P < 0.05). Autophagic vesicles and apoptotic bodies were found in the MHCC-97H and HepG2 cells after MTE incubation, and the Annexin V-PI assay showed that the apoptotic rates of the cell lines increased with increasing MTE concentration (P < 0.05). Autophagy inducer rapamycin promoted the MTE-induced apoptotic rates of the cell lines, whereas autophagy inhibitor chloroquine inhibited the apoptotic rates. More cells in the S phase were found in the two cell lines after MTE treatment (P < 0.05). After MTE incubation, MIF, CD47, and beclin-1 protein levels significantly increased. Furthermore, in the MTE group, Akt, mTOR, and caspase3 expressions decreased; however, LC 3 expression increased, which was significantly different from the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions. MTE inhibited proliferation and induced autophagy, apoptosis, and S phase cell cycle arrest in the MHCC-97H and HepG2 cells. These effects might be related to the activation of MIF and mTOR signaling inhibition.
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Qin WJ, Su YG, Ding XL, Zhao R, Zhao ZJ, Wang YY. CDK4/6 inhibitor enhances the radiosensitization of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by activating autophagy signaling via the suppression of mTOR. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1616-1627. [PMID: 35422963 PMCID: PMC8991149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the radiosensitizing effect of cyclin D-cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The effect of palbociclib on ESCC cell radiosensitivity was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and clonogenic assay. γH2AX immunofluorescent staining was used to assess the repair of DNA damage induced by radiation. The expression of DNA repair proteins were examined by western blotting. Subsequently, immunoblotting and autophagy inhibitors were used to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of palbociclib triggered radiosensitization. Finally, the xenografts of ESCC were established to study the radiosensitizing effect of palbociclib in vivo. RESULTS Palbociclib combined with irradiation significantly inhibited the cell viability of ESCC in vitro. The expression level of γH2AX showed that radiation induced DNA damage repair was inhibited by palbociclib treatment. Palbociclib also suppressed the expression of RAD51 and phosphorylated DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (p-DNA-PKcs) after irradiation. Mechanically, palbociclib enhanced the radiosensitization of ESCC by activating autophagy via suppression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Inhibition of autophagy using chloroquine could partially reverse the radiation enhancing effect of palbociclib. Lastly, the xenografted tumor experiment confirmed the radiosensitizing effect of palbociclib in ESCC in vivo. CONCLUSION Our results showed that palbociclib improved the radiosensitivity of ESCC in vivo and in vitro, and thus it may be a promising radiosensitization agent for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
- Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi-Ge Su
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiao-Long Ding
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
- Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yan-Yang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
- Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
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Shi Q, Xia F, Wang Q, Liao F, Guo Q, Xu C, Wang J. Discovery and repurposing of artemisinin. Front Med 2022; 16:1-9. [PMID: 35290595 PMCID: PMC8922983 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0898-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is an ancient infectious disease that threatens millions of lives globally even today. The discovery of artemisinin, inspired by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has brought in a paradigm shift and been recognized as the “best hope for the treatment of malaria” by World Health Organization. With its high potency and low toxicity, the wide use of artemisinin effectively treats the otherwise drug-resistant parasites and helps many countries, including China, to eventually eradicate malaria. Here, we will first review the initial discovery of artemisinin, an extraordinary journey that was in stark contrast with many drugs in western medicine. We will then discuss how artemisinin and its derivatives could be repurposed to treat cancer, inflammation, immunoregulation-related diseases, and COVID-19. Finally, we will discuss the implications of the “artemisinin story” and how that can better guide the development of TCM today. We believe that artemisinin is just a starting point and TCM will play an even bigger role in healthcare in the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Shi
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fei Xia
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qixin Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fulong Liao
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiuyan Guo
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chengchao Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. .,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. .,Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524045, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Liu J, Ren Z, Yang L, Zhu L, li Y, Bie C, Liu H, Ji Y, Chen D, Zhu M, Kuang W. The NSUN5-FTH1/FTL pathway mediates ferroptosis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:99. [PMID: 35249107 PMCID: PMC8898311 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFerroptosis is a type of cell death induced by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. Inhibiting ferroptosis is important for improving the survival of transplanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Although it is known that NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5 (NSUN5) post-transcriptionally regulates ferroptosis in BMSCs through RNA methylation, the precise mechanisms underlying these effects have not been reported. In this study, we demonstrate that NSUN5 is downregulated in erastin-induced ferroptosis in BMSCs. Ferroptosis was inhibited by the overexpression of NSUN5 or ferritin heavy chain/light-chain (FTH1/FTL) and was enhanced by NSUN5 knockdown. RNA immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that NSUN5 binds to FTH1/FTL, while NSUN5 depletion reduced the levels of 5-methylcytosine in FTH1/FTL RNA and increased intracellular iron concentrations, resulting in the downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and the accumulation of ROS and lipid peroxidation products. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that the recognition of FTH1 and FTL by NSUN5 is dependent on the recruitment of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1). These results suggested that the NSUN5-FTH1/FTL pathway mediates ferroptosis in BMSCs and that the therapeutic targeting of components of this pathway may promote resistance to ferroptosis and improve the survival of transplanted BMSCs.
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Tsujiya Y, Hasegawa A, Yamamori M, Okamura N. Troglitazone-Induced Autophagic Cytotoxicity in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:276-283. [PMID: 35228393 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Troglitazone (TGZ), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligand, is a potential antitumor agent. However, the action mechanism of TGZ in lung adenocarcinoma cells has not been completely elucidated. To assess this mechanism and the anticancer effects of TGZ in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549 and H1975), we investigated the involvement of PPARγ, apoptosis, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and autophagy. Cell viability was measured using fluorescence-based assays. Apoptotic cells were detected by Hoechst 33342 and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining; protein expression was detected by Western blotting. TGZ inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines, and the effect was not suppressed by a PPARγ inhibitor. Additionally, TGZ increased apoptotic cell number and upregulated p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation; however, p38 and JNK inhibitors did not block TGZ-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation in either cell line. TGZ also upregulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation, whereas an ERK1/2 inhibitor enhanced TGZ-mediated cytotoxicity in A549 cells. Additionally, TGZ increased LC3-II expression, and chloroquine (an autophagy inhibitor) attenuated TGZ-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation. These findings suggest that TGZ-induced inhibition of cell proliferation is PPARγ independent. TGZ-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation was accompanied by apoptosis and independent of the MAPK signaling pathway. These results suggest that TGZ inhibits cell proliferation through autophagy-induced cytotoxicity. This study demonstrated that chemotherapy using TGZ may be effective for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Tsujiya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Ai Hasegawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Motohiro Yamamori
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Noboru Okamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
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Lin CH, Chang HH, Lai CR, Wang HH, Tsai WC, Tsai YL, Changchien CY, Cheng YC, Wu ST, Chen Y. Fatty Acid Binding Protein 6 Inhibition Decreases Cell Cycle Progression, Migration and Autophagy in Bladder Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042154. [PMID: 35216267 PMCID: PMC8878685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) has a high recurrence rate worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of fatty acid binding protein 6 (FABP6) in proliferation and migration in human bladder cancer cells. Cell growth was confirmed by MTT and colony formation assay. Western blotting was used to explore protein expressions. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate the migration ability. A xenograft animal model with subcutaneous implantation of BC cells was generated to confirm the tumor progression. Knockdown of FABP6 reduced cell growth in low-grade TSGH-8301 and high-grade T24 cells. Cell cycle blockade was observed with the decrease of CDK2, CDK4, and Ki67 levels in FABP6-knockdown BC cells. Interestingly, knockdown of FBAP6 led to downregulation of autophagic markers and activation of AKT-mTOR signaling. The application of PI3K/AKT inhibitor decreased cell viability mediated by FABP6-knockdown additionally. Moreover, FABP6-knockdown reduced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and retinoid X receptor α levels but increased p-p65 expression. Knockdown of FABP6 also inhibited BC cell motility with focal adhesive complex reduction. Finally, shFABP6 combined with cisplatin suppressed tumor growth in vivo. These results provide evidence that FABP6 may be a potential target in BC cells progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Hsin Lin
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biology and Anatomy, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (H.-H.C.); (C.-R.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Hsin-Han Chang
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biology and Anatomy, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (H.-H.C.); (C.-R.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Chien-Rui Lai
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biology and Anatomy, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (H.-H.C.); (C.-R.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Hisao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Urology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Chiuan Tsai
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (W.-C.T.); (Y.-L.T.)
| | - Yu-Ling Tsai
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (W.-C.T.); (Y.-L.T.)
| | - Chih-Ying Changchien
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biology and Anatomy, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (H.-H.C.); (C.-R.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Cheng
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biology and Anatomy, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (H.-H.C.); (C.-R.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Sheng-Tang Wu
- National Defense Medical Center, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-T.W.); (Y.C.); Tel.: +886-2-8792-3100 (ext. 18739) (Y.C.)
| | - Ying Chen
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biology and Anatomy, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (H.-H.C.); (C.-R.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.-T.W.); (Y.C.); Tel.: +886-2-8792-3100 (ext. 18739) (Y.C.)
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Revisiting Flubendazole Through Nanocrystal Technology: Statistical Design, Characterization and Its Potential Inhibitory Effect on Xenografted Lung Tumor Progression in Mice. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Wilczyński JR. Cancer Stem Cells: An Ever-Hiding Foe. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2022; 113:219-251. [PMID: 35165866 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91311-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are a population of cells enable to reproduce the original phenotype of the tumor and capable to self-renewal, which is crucial for tumor proliferation, differentiation, recurrence, and metastasis, as well as chemoresistance. Therefore, the cancer stem cells (CSCs) have become one of the main targets for anticancer therapy and many ongoing clinical trials test anti-CSCs efficacy of plenty of drugs. This chapter describes CSCs starting from general description of this cell population, through CSCs markers, signaling pathways, genetic and epigenetic regulation, role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transition and autophagy, cooperation with microenvironment (CSCs niche), and finally role of CSCs in escaping host immunosurveillance against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek R Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Feng X, Zou B, Nan T, Zheng X, Zheng L, Lan J, Chen W, Yu J. MiR-25 enhances autophagy and promotes sorafenib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma via targeting FBXW7. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:257-266. [PMID: 35165511 PMCID: PMC8795798 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.67352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib resistance is a major challenge in the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of non-coding RNA molecules, which is an important mechanism of drug resistance. We previously found that knockdown of miR-25 increased the sensitivity of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in liver cancer stem cells. We aimed to study the effects of miR-25 on sorafenib resistance of HCC and the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we analyzed the expression of miR-25 between HCC and normal tissues and predicted miR-25 target genes through databases. After transfecting miR-25 mimics, inhibitor or FBXW7 Plasmid, CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay was performed to determine the sorafenib resistance. We performed LC3-dual-fluorescence assay and Western blotting to detect the autophagy levels. The expression of miR-25 was upregulated in human HCC tissues and was associated with tumor pathological grade, clinic staging, and lymphatic metastasis. MiR-25 enhanced sorafenib resistance of HCC cells and autophagy. FBXW7 is the direct target of miR-25. Overexpression of FBXW7 could reverse the increase of sorafenib resistance caused by miR-25 mimics. Our results suggested that miR-25 increased the sorafenib resistance of HCC via inducing autophagy. In addition, miR-25 decreases the expression of FBXW7 protein to regulate autophagy. Therefore, miR-25 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bei Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Tianhao Nan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahua Lan
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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Fei H, Chen X. Establishment and validation of an autophagy-related prognostic signature for survival predicting in cutaneous melanoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5979-5991. [PMID: 35018237 PMCID: PMC8727816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing staging system for prognosis evaluating for Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM) patients had defects of subjective, inaccuracy and inconsistently, therefore, to identify specific and applicable prognostic markers and promote personalized therapeutic interventions is urgently required. This study aims to build a robust autophagy-related genes (ARGs) signature for prognosis monitoring of SKCM patients. We determined 26 ARGs as differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DEARGs) from 103 SKCM and 23 normal skin samples in GSE15605 and GSE3189 datasets. Optimal prognostic DEARGs composed the risk model were screened and verified in 458 SKCM patients in TCGA cohort as the training cohort and 209 patients in GSE65904 as the test cohort. Finally, 4 optimal independent prognostic DEARGs (CAPNS1, DAPK2, PARP1 and PTK6) were filtered out in the training cohort to establish the risk model. A prognostic nomogram was established for quantitative survival prediction. The risk model grouped high-risk SKCM cancer patients exhibited significantly shorter survival times in both training and test cohorts. The area under the ROC curve for risk score model was 0.788 and 0.627 in the training and test cohorts indicated the risk model was relatively accurate for prognosis monitoring. Clinical correlation analysis exhibited that risk score was an independent predictor for prognosis significantly associated with T/N classification. The prognostic value of the 4 risk genes formed the risk model was also validated respectively. We identified a novel autophagy-related signature for prognosis monitoring. It has the potential to be an independent prognostic indicator and can benefit targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Fei
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiongming Chen
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200030, China
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Tan XP, He Y, Huang YN, Zheng CC, Li JQ, Liu QW, He ML, Li B, Xu WW. Lomerizine 2HCl inhibits cell proliferation and induces protective autophagy in colorectal cancer via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:453-466. [PMID: 34766155 PMCID: PMC8554656 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies currently. Despite advances in drug development, the survival and response rates in CRC patients are still poor. In our previous study, a library comprised of 1056 bioactive compounds was used for screening of drugs that could suppress CRC. Lomerizine 2HCl, which is an approved prophylactic drug for migraines, was selected for our studies. The results of in vitro and in vivo assays suggested that lomerizine 2HCl suppresses cell growth and promotes apoptosis in CRC cells. Moreover, lomerizine 2HCl inhibits cell migration and invasion of CRC. RNA sequencing analysis and Western blotting confirmed that lomerizine 2HCl can inhibit cell growth, migration, and invasion through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and induces protective autophagy in CRC. Meanwhile, autophagy inhibition by 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) increases lomerizine 2HCl‐induced cell apoptosis. Taken together, these results imply that lomerizine 2HCl is a potential anticancer agent, and the combination of lomerizine 2HCl and autophagy inhibitors may serve as a novel strategy to increase the antitumor efficacy of agents in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Peng Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine Institute of Biomedicine College of Life Science and Technology and The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Yan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine Institute of Biomedicine College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Yun-Na Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine Institute of Biomedicine College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Can-Can Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Institute of Life and Health Engineering College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Jun-Qi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine Institute of Biomedicine College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Qin-Wen Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine Institute of Biomedicine College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Bin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Institute of Life and Health Engineering College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Wen-Wen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine Institute of Biomedicine College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China
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Liu W, Jin W, Zhu S, Chen Y, Liu B. Targeting regulated cell death (RCD) with small-molecule compounds in cancer therapy: A revisited review of apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death and necroptosis. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:612-625. [PMID: 34718209 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Evasion of regulated cell death (RCD), mainly referring to apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, necroptosis, and other subroutines, is one of the well-established hallmarks of cancer cells. Accumulating evidence has revealed several small-molecule compounds that target different subroutines of RCD in cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize key pathways of apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death and necroptosis in cancer, and describe small-molecule compounds that target these pathways and have potential as therapeutics. These inspiring findings light the way towards the discovery of more 'magic bullets' that could work individually or cooperatively to target precisely the three RCD subroutines and so improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenke Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Targeting Ferroptosis for Lung Diseases: Exploring Novel Strategies in Ferroptosis-Associated Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1098970. [PMID: 34630843 PMCID: PMC8494591 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1098970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated necrosis characterized by the peroxidation damage of lipid molecular containing unsaturated fatty acid long chain on the cell membrane or organelle membrane after cellular deactivation restitution system, resulting in the cell membrane rupture. Ferroptosis is biochemically and morphologically distinct and disparate from other forms of regulated cell death. Recently, mounting studies have investigated the mechanism of ferroptosis, and numerous proteins play vital roles in regulating ferroptosis. With detailed studies, emerging evidence indicates that ferroptosis is found in multiple lung diseases, demonstrating that ferroptosis appears to be particularly important for lung diseases. The mounting interest in ferroptosis drugs specifically targeting the ferroptosis mechanism holds substantial therapeutic promise in lung diseases. The present review emphatically summarizes the functions and integrated molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in various lung diseases, proposing that multiangle regulation of ferroptosis might be a promising strategy for the clinical treatment of lung diseases.
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Xu Q, Gao S, Miao J. The relationship between autophagy-related genes and the staging and prognosis of thyroid cancer: a bioinformatics analysis. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2511-2527. [PMID: 34527563 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The number of patients with thyroid cancer is increasing. Autophagy is closely related to thyroid cancer. This study conducted a bioinformatics analysis to examine the relationship between autophagy-related genes and the prognosis of thyroid cancer. Methods Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the standardized ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing data and corresponding clinical records of 497 patients were obtained. The gene set of autophagy-related genes was obtained from reactom [https://reactome.org/; gene set identification: (R-HSA-1632852)]. Based on the completeness of the sequencing and prognostic data, 135 effective genes were screened to form a gene set. A cluster analysis of the genetic expression of the whole genome was conducted. Different groups and subgroups were defined according to the clustering situation. The relationship between the expression levels of different autophagy-related genes and the clinical characteristics of thyroid cancer were analyzed. Results Patients were divided into 2 clusters and 4 subclusters. A comparison of the clinical parameters of the 2 clusters showed that there were differences in node (N)-stage, and a comparison of the 4 subclusters showed that there were differences in age and 4 other characteristics. In relation to the survival comparison, there was a difference in the disease-free survival (DFS) between the 2 clusters, and there was a difference in overall survival (OS) and DFS between subclusters. The 2 clusters had 114 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the 4 subclusters had 131 DEGs. In relation to the 5 different factors in each group, there were differences in the distribution of N0N1NX in clusters and subclusters, there were differences in the distribution of M0M1MX in subclusters, and there were differences in the distribution of age and the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage in subclusters. In relation to the stage/N stage/Metastasis (M) stage-related DEGs, 5 common genes were identified: EPAS1, ATG4A, BECN1, ATG4C, and PLIN3. In relation to the stage/N stage/M stage-related DEGs and age-related DEGs 1 common gene was identified: EPAS1. Conclusions Autophagy-related genes are related to the staging of thyroid cancer, but have no clear relationship with long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Department of Oncology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Jidong Miao
- Department of Oncology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
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Wang J, Song W, Wang X, Xie Z, Zhang W, Jiang W, Liu S, Hou J, Zhong Y, Xu J, Ran H, Guo D. Tumor-self-targeted "thermoferroptosis-sensitization" magnetic nanodroplets for multimodal imaging-guided tumor-specific therapy. Biomaterials 2021; 277:121100. [PMID: 34492584 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis-based nanomedicine has drawn increasing attention in antitumor therapy because of the advantages of this unconventional mode of apoptosis, but the difficulties of delivery to the tumor site and surface-to-core penetration after arrival seriously hinder further clinical transformation and application. Herein, we propose an unprecedented strategy of injecting magnetic nanodroplets (MNDs) to solve these two longstanding problems. MNDs are nanocarriers that can carry multifunctional drugs and imaging materials. MNDs can effectively accumulate in the tumor site by active tumor targeting (multifunctional drugs) and passive tumor targeting (enhanced permeability and retention effect), allowing diffusion of the MNDs from the surface to the core through mild-temperature magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MHT) under multimodal imaging guidance. Finally, the ferroptosis pathway is activated deep within the tumor site through the drug release. This approach was inspired by the ability of mild-temperature MHT to allow MNDs to quickly pass through the blood vessel-tumor barrier and deeply penetrate the tumor tissue from the surface to the core to amplify the antitumor efficacy of ferroptosis. This strategy is termed as "thermoferroptosis sensitization". Importantly, this behavior can be performed under the guidance of multimodal imaging, making the design of MNDs for cancer therapy safer and more reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Weixiang Song
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Zhuoyan Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Weixi Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Shuling Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Jingxin Hou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Yixin Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Dajing Guo
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, PR China.
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Dankó T, Petővári G, Sztankovics D, Moldvai D, Raffay R, Lőrincz P, Visnovitz T, Zsiros V, Barna G, Márk Á, Krencz I, Sebestyén A. Rapamycin Plus Doxycycline Combination Affects Growth Arrest and Selective Autophagy-Dependent Cell Death in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158019. [PMID: 34360785 PMCID: PMC8347279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alteration is characteristic during tumour growth and therapy; however, targeting metabolic rewiring could overcome therapy resistance. mTOR hyperactivity, autophagy and other metabolic processes, including mitochondrial functions, could be targeted in breast cancer progression. We investigated the growth inhibitory mechanism of rapamycin + doxycycline treatment in human breast cancer model systems. Cell cycle and cell viability, including apoptotic and necrotic cell death, were analysed using flow cytometry, caspase activity measurements and caspase-3 immunostainings. mTOR-, autophagy-, necroptosis-related proteins and treatment-induced morphological alterations were analysed by WesTM, Western blot, immunostainings and transmission electron microscopy. The rapamycin + doxycycline combination decreased tumour proliferation in about 2/3rd of the investigated cell lines. The continuous treatment reduced tumour growth significantly both in vivo and in vitro. The effect after short-term treatment was reversible; however, autophagic vacuoles and degrading mitochondria were detected simultaneously, and the presence of mitophagy was also observed after the long-term rapamycin + doxycycline combination treatment. The rapamycin + doxycycline combination did not cause apoptosis or necrosis/necroptosis, but the alterations in autophagy- and mitochondria-related protein levels (LC3-B-II/I, p62, MitoTracker, TOM20 and certain co-stainings) were correlated to autophagy induction and mitophagy, without mitochondria repopulation. Based on these results, we suggest considering inducing metabolic stress and targeting mTOR hyperactivity and mitochondrial functions in combined anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titanilla Dankó
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Gábor Petővári
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Dániel Sztankovics
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Dorottya Moldvai
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Regina Raffay
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Péter Lőrincz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eotvos Lorand University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Viktória Zsiros
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Gábor Barna
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Ágnes Márk
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Ildikó Krencz
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Anna Sebestyén
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (G.P.); (D.S.); (D.M.); (R.R.); (G.B.); (Á.M.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
The major problems with cancer therapy are drug-induced side effects. There is an urgent need for safe anti-tumor drugs. Artemisinin is a Chinese herbal remedy for malaria with efficacy and safety. However, several studies reported that artemisinin causes neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in animal models. Recently, nanostructured drug delivery systems have been designed to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxicity. Artemisinin has been reported to show anticancer properties. The anticancer effects of artemisinin appear to be mediated by inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting ferroptosis and autophagy, inhibiting cell metastasis. Therefore, the review is to concentrate on mechanisms and molecular targets of artemisinin as anti-tumor agents. We believe these will be important topics in realizing the potential of artemisinin and its derivatives as potent anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products, most of which are derived from plants. Amongst their numerous biological properties, their anti-tumor effects are of interest for they are extremely diverse which include anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been dedicated to understanding the 'terpenoid induced autophagy' phenomenon in cancer cells. Light has already been shed on the intricacy of apoptosis and autophagy relationship. This latter crosstalk is driven by the delicate balance between activating or silencing of certain proteins whereby the outcome is expressed via interrelated signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on nine of the most studied terpenoids and on their cell death and autophagic activity. These terpenoids are grouped in three classes: sesquiterpenoid (artemisinin, parthenolide), diterpenoids (oridonin, triptolide), and triterpenoids (alisol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, platycodin D, and ursolic acid). We have selected these nine terpenoids among others as they belong to the different major classes of terpenoids and our extensive search of the literature indicated that they were the most studied in terms of autophagy in cancer. These terpenoids alone demonstrate the complexity by which these secondary metabolites induce autophagy via complex signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, NF-kB, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, induction of autophagy can be either destructive or protective in tumor cells. Nevertheless, should this phenomenon be well understood, we ought to be able to exploit it to create novel therapies and design more effective regimens in the management and treatment of cancer.
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Circ-HIPK2 Accelerates Cell Apoptosis and Autophagy in Myocardial Oxidative Injury by Sponging miR-485-5p and Targeting ATG101. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 76:427-436. [PMID: 33027196 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial injury has been deemed as a major cause of heart diseases including myocarditis and coronary heart disease, which have brought multiple mortalities globally. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely recognized in diverse diseases. However, the role of circular RNA HIPK2 (circ-HIPK2) remains unclear in myocardial injury induced by H2O2. We attempted to investigate the probable role of circ-HIPK2 in myocardial injury induced by H2O2. This study discovered that the treatment of H2O2 inhibited cell proliferation but boosted cell apoptosis and autophagy. ATG101 was upregulated in primary mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes under H2O2 treatment. ATG101 knockdown promoted proliferation and limited apoptosis by attenuating autophagy in H2O2-injured mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, miR-485-5p was validated to combine with ATG101 and circ-HIPK2, and circ-HIPK2 positively regulated ATG101 expression by sponging miR-485-5p. At last, silenced circ-HIPK2 mediated the promotion of cell proliferation, and repression of cell apoptosis was restored by ATG101 amplification. In a word, circ-HIPK2 facilitates autophagy to accelerate cell apoptosis and cell death in H2O2-caused myocardial oxidative injury through the miR-485-5p/ATG101 pathway, indicating a novel therapeutic target point for patients with myocardial injury.
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