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Xiang K, Zhang M, Yang B, Liu X, Wang Y, Liu H, Song Y, Yuan Y, Zhang L, Wen T, Zhang GW. TM-Score predicts immunotherapy efficacy and improves the performance of the machine learning prognostic model in gastric cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112224. [PMID: 38723370 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is becoming increasingly important, but the overall response rate is relatively low in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). The application of tumor mutational burden (TMB) in predicting immunotherapy efficacy in GC patients is limited and controversial, emphasizing the importance of optimizing TMB-based patient selection. By combining TMB and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) related hub genes, we established a novel TM-Score. This score showed superior performance for immunotherapeutic selection (AUC = 0.808) compared to TMB, MSI status, and EBV status. Additionally, it predicted the prognosis of GC patients. Subsequently, a machine learning model adjusted by the TM-Score further improved the accuracy of survival prediction (AUC > 0.8). Meanwhile, we found that GC patients with low TM-Score had a higher mutation frequency, higher expression of HLA genes and immune checkpoint genes, and higher infiltration of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ helper T cells, and M1 macrophages. This suggests that TM-Score is significantly associated with tumor immunogenicity and tumor immune environment. Notably, based on the RNA-seq and scRNA-seq, it was found that AKAP5, a key component gene of TM-Score, is involved in anti-tumor immunity by promoting the infiltration of CD4+ T cells, NK cells, and myeloid cells. Additionally, siAKAP5 significantly reduced MHC-II mRNA expression in the GC cell line. In addition, our immunohistochemistry assays confirmed a positive correlation between AKAP5 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression. Furthermore, AKAP5 levels were higher in patients with longer survival and those who responded to immunotherapy in GC, indicating its potential value in predicting prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes. In conclusion, TM-Score, as an optimization of TMB, is a more precise biomarker for predicting the immunotherapy efficacy of the GC population. Additionally, AKAP5 shows promise as a therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanghui Xiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Infectious Disease of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yusi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hengxin Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yujia Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yonghui Yuan
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Clinical Research Center for Malignant Tumor of Liaoning Province, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ti Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Province Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guang-Wei Zhang
- Smart Hospital Management Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Sun YT, Lu SX, Lai MY, Yang X, Guan WL, Yang LQ, Li YH, Wang FH, Yang DJ, Qiu MZ. Clinical outcomes and biomarker exploration of first-line PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy in patients with low PD-L1-expressing of gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:144. [PMID: 38832979 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of first-line programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy in patients with low programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-expressing advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma are controversial. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with G/GEJ adenocarcinoma who had undergone first-line treatment with PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy between October 2017 and May 2022. The primary outcomes were objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). SPSS software V27.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS Of 345 enrolled patients, 290 had measurable lesions. The overall ORR was 59.3%. PD-L1 status was available in 171 patients, and 67.8% of them were considered as low PD-L1 expression level (combined positive score (CPS) < 5). Patients with PD-L1 CPS < 5 showed a lower response rate (51.1% vs 70.8%, P = 0.024) and a worse PFS (P = 0.009) compared to those with PD-L1 CPS ≥ 5. In the PD-L1 low-expression cohort, patients with non-diffuse type, GEJ cancer, synchronous metastasis, distant lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, non-peritoneal metastasis, and HER2 positive were significantly associated with higher response rates to PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy (P < 0.05). The presence of peritoneal metastasis (P = 0.028) and diffuse type (P = 0.046) were identified as independent predictors of poor PFS in multivariate analysis of the PD-L1 CPS < 5 subgroup. When evaluated for correlation with overall survival (OS) in the PD-L1 low-expression subgroup, peritoneal metastasis was found to be the only independent prognostic factor of an increased risk of death (hazard ratio: 2.31, 95% CI 1.09-4.90; P = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS PD-L1 CPS ≥ 5 is significantly associated with improved response and extended PFS in G/GEJ cancer patients treated with a combination of PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy. Specific subgroups within the low PD-L1-expressing population, such as those with non-diffuse-type tumors and without peritoneal metastases, may also benefit from immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Xun Lu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yu Lai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Long Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qiong Yang
- Department of Basic Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Jun Yang
- Department of Basic Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao-Zhen Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Z, Li X, Muhammad A, Sun Q, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ren J, Wang D. PACSIN1 promotes immunosuppression in gastric cancer by degrading MHC-I. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024. [PMID: 38826133 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common gastrointestinal system malignancy. PACSIN1 functions as an oncogene in various cancers. This study aims to investigate the potential of PACSIN1 as a target in GC treatment. Gene expression is determined by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, and immunohistochemistry assay. FISH is performed to determine the colocalization of PACSIN1 and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I). Cytokine release and cell functions are analyzed by flow cytometry. In vivo assays are also conducted. Histological analysis is performed using H&E staining. The results show that PACSIN1 is overexpressed in GC patients, especially in those with immunologically-cold tumors. A high level of PACSIN1 is associated with poor prognosis. PACSIN1 deficiency inhibits autophagy but increases antigen presentation in GC cells. Moreover, PACSIN1 deficiency inhibits the lysosomal fusion and selective autophagy of MHC-I, increases CD8 + T-cell infiltration, and suppresses tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. Additionally, PACSIN1 knockout enhances the chemosensitivity of cells to immune checkpoint blockade. In summary, PACSIN1 mediates lysosomal fusion and selective autophagy of MHC-I and suppresses antigen presentation and CD8 + T-cell infiltration, thus inhibiting antitumor immunity in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Liu
- The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xin Li
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ali Muhammad
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Qiannan Sun
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- General Surgery Institute of Yangzhou, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Transformation of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Yangzhou 225001, China
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Wang G, Huang Y, Zhou L, Yang H, Lin H, Zhou S, Tan Z, Qian J. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 198:104197. [PMID: 37951282 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
For patients diagnosed with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal cancer that is not amenable to surgical intervention, the standard of care for first-line treatment consists of fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy. The incorporation of novel agents into these standard first-line regimens could potentially improve patient prognosis; options for such augmentations include both immune-based and targeted therapy combinations. To provide a comparative analysis of these different first-line combination treatments, a network meta-analysis was conducted. Outcome measures comprised overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Data were drawn from 22 randomized controlled trials, encompassing 10,787 patients and 17 distinct treatment regimens. Our findings suggest that FGFR2b-targeted therapy, specifically when used in combination with chemotherapy (bemarituzumab_chemo), exhibited the greatest efficacy. This was followed by immunotherapy-based combination regimens (CPS ≥5, Sintilimab_chemo). Further, targeted combination therapy featuring CLAUDIN 18.2 (zolbetuximab_chemo) appeared beneficial based on individual patient characteristics. In the case of HER2-positive patients, the trastuzumab_chemo regimen is recommended, as most existing studies have excluded this subpopulation. These results have significant implications for both clinical decision-making and patient care in the realm of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 966 Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, Dandong, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 966 Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, Dandong, China
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Huang Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suzhou Jiulong Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengfang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Digestive Disease Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Zhengang Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 966 Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, Dandong, China.
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
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Xie M, Gu Y, Xu T, Jing X, Shu Y. Circular RNA Circ_0000119 promotes gastric cancer progression via circ_0000119/miR-502-5p/MTBP axis. Gene 2024; 908:148296. [PMID: 38378131 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) are significantly related with tumor initiation and progression. However, biological activity and potential molecular mechanism of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) deserve further exploration. We carried out total RNA sequencing and acquired the expression profiles of circRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR as well as RNA in situ hybridization helped to validate circ_0000119 dysregulation. Various in vitro experiments were utilized to investigate the biological activities of circ_0000119 in GC, and the clinical relation of circ_0000119 in vivo was identified through nude mouse xenograft models. Finally, the molecular mechanism of circ_0000119 was clarified via luciferase assays, western blot, and rescue experiments. Compared with adjacent normal tissues, the study found an increase in the expression of circ_0000119 as well as its host linear gene MAN1A2 in GC tissues. Circ_0000119 overexpression promoted proliferation and migration of GC cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas circ_0000119 suppression had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, circ_0000119 sponged miR-502-5p which played an inhibitory role in tumors. Furthermore, we found that miR-502-5p alleviated GC progression through targeting MTBP and downregulating its expression at mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, our findings reveal a new regulatory mechanism for circ_0000119, which sponges the miR-502-5p, suppresses MTBP expression, and finally promotes GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyan Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunru Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Jing
- Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China.
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Romatoski KS, de Geus SWL, Miriyam B, Chung SH, Kenzik K, Papageorge MV, Rasic G, Ng SC, Tseng JF, Sachs TE. Overall Volume of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Positively Impacts Gastric Cancer Outcomes at Centers with Low Gastrectomy Volume. Ann Surg Oncol 2024:10.1245/s10434-024-15381-y. [PMID: 38777899 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between hospital volume and surgical mortality is well documented. However, complete centralization of surgical care is not always feasible. The present study investigates how overall volume of upper gastrointestinal surgery at hospitals influences patient outcomes following resection for gastric adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS National Cancer Database (2010-2019) patients with pathologic stage 1-3 gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent gastrectomy were identified. Three cohorts were created: low-volume hospitals (LVH) for both gastrectomy and overall upper gastrointestinal operations, mixed-volume hospital (MVH) for low-volume gastrectomy but high-volume overall upper gastrointestinal operations, and high-volume gastrectomy hospitals (HVH). Chi-squared tests were used to analyze sociodemographic factors and surgical outcomes and Kaplan-Meier method for survival analysis. RESULTS In total, 26,398 patients were identified (LVH: 20,099; MVH: 539; HVH: 5,760). The 5-year survival was equivalent between MVH and HVH for all stages of disease (MVH: 56.0%, HVH 55.6%; p = 0.9866) and when stratified into early (MVH: 69.9%, HVH: 65.4%; p = 0.1998) and late stages (MVH: 24.7%, HVH: 32.0%; p = 0.1480), while LVH had worse survival. After matching patients, postoperative outcomes were worse for LVH, but there was no difference between MVH and HVH in terms of adequate lymphadenectomy, margin status, readmission rates, and 90-day mortality rates. CONCLUSIONS Despite lower gastrectomy volume for cancer, postoperative gastrectomy outcomes at centers that perform a high number of upper gastrointestinal cancer surgeries were similar to hospitals with high gastrectomy volume. These hospitals offer a blueprint for providing equivalent outcomes to high volume centers while enhancing availability of quality cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey S Romatoski
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susanna W L de Geus
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bharath Miriyam
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sophie H Chung
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Kenzik
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marianna V Papageorge
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Yale Medical School, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gordana Rasic
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sing Chau Ng
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer F Tseng
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Teviah E Sachs
- Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Boston University, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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7
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Wang T, Huang G, Zhao H, Li L, Shen Y, Lou W, Liu J. [ 68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR imaging strategy in management of Krukenberg tumors (KTs) from gastric signet-ring-cell carcinoma: to overcome limitation of [ 68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET imaging in KTs. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06761-3. [PMID: 38767660 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare performance of whole-body [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET imaging in the detection of Krukenberg tumors (KTs), primary site and extra-ovarian metastases of gastric signet-ring-cell carcinoma (GSRCC), and evaluate the value of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR imaging strategy and its potential impact on the management of KTs from GSRCC. METHODS Twelve patients with twenty-three KTs from GSRCC, who underwent both [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 pelvic PET/MR and whole-body [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET imaging were retrospectively analyzed. [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG uptakes were compared by using Wilcoxon signed-rank test or paired t test. McNemar's test was used to compare lesion detectability between two modalities. Two-tailed P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Immunohistochemistry staining was utilized to analyze the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression in KTs. RESULTS A total of 12 patients with 23 KTs from GSRCC (8 synchronous and 4 metachronous) were evaluated. [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 was superior to [18F]FDG PET in detecting primary sites of GSRCC (100% [11/11] vs. 18.2% [2/11], p = 0.002), involved lymph nodes (90.9% [10/11] vs. 54.5% [6/11], p = 0.046) and peritoneal metastases (100% [12/12] vs. 41.7% [5/12], p = 0.008), with higher SUVmax and TBR (all p < 0.005). Both tracers had limited value in identifying KTs, with 100% false negative rate on [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET and a low detection rate of 8.7% on [18F]FDG PET. Fap immunohistochemistry showed negative or slight FAP expression in neoplastic signet ring cells and ovarian stroma. [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR imaging strategy greatly improved the detection rate of Krukenberg tumors (87%, 20/23). After adding diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), the detection rate was further improved (87.5% vs. 100%, p = 0.083). [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR imaging strategy either upgraded TNM staging or changed treatment management in twelve patients. CONCLUSIONS [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET outperformed [18F]FDG PET in detecting primary site and most extra-ovarian metastases of GSRCC, but both tracers had limited value in identifying Krukenberg tumors. Pelvis MRI should be applied to compensate the limitation of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET imaging to identify Krukenberg tumours. The [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR imaging strategy has the potential to impact treatment decisions for GSRCC patients with KTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lianghua Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yanying Shen
- Department of Pathology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weihua Lou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Eissler N, Altena R, Alhuseinalkhudhur A, Bragina O, Feldwisch J, Wuerth G, Loftenius A, Brun N, Axelsson R, Tolmachev V, Sörensen J, Frejd FY. Affibody PET Imaging of HER2-Expressing Cancers as a Key to Guide HER2-Targeted Therapy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1088. [PMID: 38791050 PMCID: PMC11118066 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a major prognostic and predictive marker overexpressed in 15-20% of breast cancers. The diagnostic reference standard for selecting patients for HER2-targeted therapy is based on the analysis of tumor biopsies. Previously patients were defined as HER2-positive or -negative; however, with the approval of novel treatment options, specifically the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan, many breast cancer patients with tumors expressing low levels of HER2 have become eligible for HER2-targeted therapy. Such patients will need to be reliably identified by suitable diagnostic methods. Biopsy-based diagnostics are invasive, and repeat biopsies are not always feasible. They cannot visualize the heterogeneity of HER2 expression, leading to a substantial number of misdiagnosed patients. An alternative and highly accurate diagnostic method is molecular imaging with radiotracers. In the case of HER2, various studies demonstrate the clinical utility and feasibility of such approaches. Radiotracers based on Affibody® molecules, small, engineered affinity proteins with a size of ~6.5 kDa, are clinically validated molecules with favorable characteristics for imaging. In this article, we summarize the HER2-targeted therapeutic landscape, describe our experience with imaging diagnostics for HER2, and review the currently available clinical data on HER2-Affibody-based molecular imaging as a novel diagnostic tool in breast cancer and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renske Altena
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Sweden
- Medical Unit Breast, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Theme Cancer, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Solna, Sweden
- Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Functional Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ali Alhuseinalkhudhur
- Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75310 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75310 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olga Bragina
- Department of Nuclear Therapy and Diagnostic, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Rimma Axelsson
- Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Functional Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75310 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Sörensen
- Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75310 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Y. Frejd
- Affibody AB, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75310 Uppsala, Sweden
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Wei R, Song J, Pan H, Liu X, Gao J. CPT1C-positive cancer-associated fibroblast facilitates immunosuppression through promoting IL-6-induced M2-like phenotype of macrophage. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2352179. [PMID: 38746869 PMCID: PMC11093039 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2352179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exhibit remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity, with specific subsets implicated in immunosuppression in various malignancies. However, whether and how they attenuate anti-tumor immunity in gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. CPT1C, a unique isoform of carnitine palmitoyltransferase pivotal in regulating fatty acid oxidation, is briefly indicated as a protumoral metabolic mediator in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of GC. In the present study, we initially identified specific subsets of fibroblasts exclusively overexpressing CPT1C, hereby termed them as CPT1C+CAFs. Subsequent findings indicated that CPT1C+CAFs fostered a stroma-enriched and immunosuppressive TME as they correlated with extracellular matrix-related molecular features and enrichment of both immunosuppressive subsets, especially M2-like macrophages, and multiple immune-related pathways. Next, we identified that CPT1C+CAFs promoted the M2-like phenotype of macrophage in vitro. Bioinformatic analyses unveiled the robust IL-6 signaling between CPT1C+CAFs and M2-like phenotype of macrophage and identified CPT1C+CAFs as the primary source of IL-6. Meanwhile, suppressing CPT1C expression in CAFs significantly decreased IL-6 secretion in vitro. Lastly, we demonstrated the association of CPT1C+CAFs with therapeutic resistance. Notably, GC patients with high CPT1C+CAFs infiltration responded poorly to immunotherapy in clinical cohort. Collectively, our data not only present the novel identification of CPT1C+CAFs as immunosuppressive subsets in TME of GC, but also reveal the underlying mechanism that CPT1C+CAFs impair tumor immunity by secreting IL-6 to induce the immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype of macrophage in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyuan Wei
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junquan Song
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongda Pan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianpeng Gao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Lin F, Chen Y, Huang B, Ruan S, Lin J, Chen Z, Huang C, Zhao B. Application of immune checkpoint inhibitors for resectable gastric/gastroesophageal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1391562. [PMID: 38783944 PMCID: PMC11111861 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1391562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer represents a significant global health challenge. Radical surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment for resectable G/GEJ cancer. Supported by robust evidence from multiple clinical studies, therapeutic approaches, including adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation, and perioperative chemotherapy, are generally recommended to reduce the risk of recurrence and enhance long-term survival outcomes post-surgery. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have altered the landscape of systemic treatment for advanced or metastatic G/GEJ cancer, becoming the standard first-line therapy for specific patients. Consequently, exploring the efficacy of ICIs in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting for resectable G/GEJ cancer is worthwhile. This review summarizes the current advances in the application of ICIs for resectable G/GEJ cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chunyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Bakinowska E, Kiełbowski K, Skórka P, Dach A, Olejnik-Wojciechowska J, Szwedkowicz A, Pawlik A. Non-Coding RNA as Biomarkers and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Gastric Cancer-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5144. [PMID: 38791187 PMCID: PMC11121563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent a broad family of molecules that regulate gene expression, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, amongst others. Dysregulated expression of ncRNAs alters gene expression, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies and inflammatory diseases. Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Studies have found that altered expression of ncRNAs may contribute to tumourigenesis through regulating proliferation, apoptosis, drug resistance and metastasis. This review describes the potential use of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, we discuss the involvement of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, including their interactions with the members of major signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (P.S.); (A.D.); (J.O.-W.); (A.S.)
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12
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Chang ZY, Gao WX, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Wu D, Chen L. Establishment and evaluation of a prognostic model for patients with unresectable gastric cancer liver metastases. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:2182-2193. [PMID: 38808342 PMCID: PMC11129128 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i13.2182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver metastases (LM) is the primary factor contributing to unfavorable outcomes in patients diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC). The objective of this study is to analyze significant prognostic risk factors for patients with GCLM and develop a reliable nomogram model that can accurately predict individualized prognosis, thereby enhancing the ability to evaluate patient outcomes. AIM To analyze prognostic risk factors for GCLM and develop a reliable nomogram model to accurately predict individualized prognosis, thereby enhancing patient outcome assessment. METHODS Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data pertaining to GCLM (type III), admitted to the Department of General Surgery across multiple centers of the Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2010 to January 2018. The dataset was divided into a development cohort and validation cohort in a ratio of 2:1. In the development cohort, we utilized univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify independent risk factors associated with overall survival in GCLM patients. Subsequently, we established a prediction model based on these findings and evaluated its performance using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, calibration curves, and clinical decision curves. A nomogram was created to visually represent the prediction model, which was then externally validated using the validation cohort. RESULTS A total of 372 patients were included in this study, comprising 248 individuals in the development cohort and 124 individuals in the validation cohort. Based on Cox analysis results, our final prediction model incorporated five independent risk factors including albumin levels, primary tumor size, presence of extrahepatic metastases, surgical treatment status, and chemotherapy administration. The 1-, 3-, and 5-years Area Under the Curve values in the development cohort are 0.753, 0.859, and 0.909, respectively; whereas in the validation cohort, they are observed to be 0.772, 0.848, and 0.923. Furthermore, the calibration curves demonstrated excellent consistency between observed values and actual values. Finally, the decision curve analysis curve indicated substantial net clinical benefit. CONCLUSION Our study identified significant prognostic risk factors for GCLM and developed a reliable nomogram model, demonstrating promising predictive accuracy and potential clinical benefit in evaluating patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yao Chang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wen-Xing Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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13
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Yu J, Li M, Liu X, Wu S, Li R, Jiang Y, Zheng J, Li Z, Xin K, Xu Z, Li S, Chen X. Implementation of antibody-drug conjugates in HER2-positive solid cancers: Recent advances and future directions. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116522. [PMID: 38565055 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a surge in the approval of monoclonal antibodies for treating a wide range of hematological and solid malignancies. These antibodies exhibit exceptional precision in targeting the surface antigens of tumors, heralding a groundbreaking approach to cancer therapy. Nevertheless, monoclonal antibodies alone do not show sufficient lethality against cancerous cells compared to chemotherapy. Consequently, a new class of anti-tumor medications, known as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), has been developed to bridge the divide between monoclonal antibodies and cytotoxic drugs, enhancing their therapeutic potential. ADCs are chemically synthesized by binding tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies with cytotoxic payloads through linkers that are susceptible to cleavage by intracellular proteases. They combined the accurate targeting of monoclonal antibodies with the potent efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs while circumventing systemic toxicity and boasting superior lethality over standalone targeted drugs. The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family, which encompasses HER1 (also known as EGFR), HER2, HER3, and HER4, plays a key role in regulating cellular proliferation, survival, differentiation, and migration. HER2 overexpression in various tumors is one of the most frequently targeted antigens for ADC therapy in HER2-positive cancers. HER2-directed ADCs have emerged as highly promising treatment modalities for patients with HER2-positive cancers. This review focuses on three approved anti-HER2 ADCs (T-DM1, DS-8201a, and RC48) and reviews ongoing clinical trials and failed trials based on anti-HER2 ADCs. Finally, we address the notable challenges linked to ADC development and underscore potential future avenues for tackling these hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazheng Yu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiandong Liu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Wu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kerong Xin
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenqun Xu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Kumar A, BharathwajChetty B, Manickasamy MK, Unnikrishnan J, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Almubarak HA, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting YAP/TAZ axis in cancer: Current state of art and challenges. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107167. [PMID: 38599470 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has become a burgeoning global healthcare concern marked by its exponential growth and significant economic ramifications. Though advancements in the treatment modalities have increased the overall survival and quality of life, there are no definite treatments for the advanced stages of this malady. Hence, understanding the diseases etiologies and the underlying molecular complexities, will usher in the development of innovative therapeutics. Recently, YAP/TAZ transcriptional regulation has been of immense interest due to their role in development, tissue homeostasis and oncogenic transformations. YAP/TAZ axis functions as coactivators within the Hippo signaling cascade, exerting pivotal influence on processes such as proliferation, regeneration, development, and tissue renewal. In cancer, YAP is overexpressed in multiple tumor types and is associated with cancer stem cell attributes, chemoresistance, and metastasis. Activation of YAP/TAZ mirrors the cellular "social" behavior, encompassing factors such as cell adhesion and the mechanical signals transmitted to the cell from tissue structure and the surrounding extracellular matrix. Therefore, it presents a significant vulnerability in the clogs of tumors that could provide a wide window of therapeutic effectiveness. Natural compounds have been utilized extensively as successful interventions in the management of diverse chronic illnesses, including cancer. Owing to their capacity to influence multiple genes and pathways, natural compounds exhibit significant potential either as adjuvant therapy or in combination with conventional treatment options. In this review, we delineate the signaling nexus of YAP/TAZ axis, and present natural compounds as an alternate strategy to target cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Manickasamy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Jyothsna Unnikrishnan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Ali Almubarak
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117699, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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15
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Wainberg ZA, Kang YK, Lee KW, Qin S, Yamaguchi K, Kim IH, Saeed A, Oh SC, Li J, Turk HM, Teixeira A, Hitre E, Udrea AA, Cardellino GG, Sanchez RG, Zahlten-Kümeli A, Taylor K, Enzinger PC. Bemarituzumab as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: final analysis of the randomized phase 2 FIGHT trial. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:558-570. [PMID: 38308771 PMCID: PMC11016503 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-024-01466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the final results of the randomized phase 2 FIGHT trial that evaluated bemarituzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody selective for fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (FGFR2b), plus mFOLFOX6 in patients with FGFR2b-positive (2 + /3 + membranous staining by immunohistochemistry), HER-2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC). METHODS Patients received bemarituzumab (15 mg/kg) or placebo once every 2 weeks with an additional bemarituzumab (7.5 mg/kg) or placebo dose on cycle 1 day 8. All patients received mFOLFOX6. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate, and safety. Efficacy was evaluated after a minimum follow-up of 24 months. RESULTS In the bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 (N = 77) and placebo-mFOLFOX6 (N = 78) arms, respectively, 59.7% and 66.7% of patients were FGFR2b-positive in ≥ 10% of tumor cells. The median PFS (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 9.5 months (7.3-13.7) with bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 and 7.4 months (5.7-8.4) with placebo-mFOLFOX6 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% CI 0.49-1.08); median OS (95% CI) was 19.2 (13.6-24.2) and 13.5 (9.3-15.9) months, respectively (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.52-1.14). Observed efficacy in FGFR2b-positive GC in ≥ 10% of tumor cells was: PFS: HR 0.43 (95% CI 0.26-0.73); OS: HR 0.52 (95% CI 0.31-0.85). No new safety findings were reported. CONCLUSIONS In FGFR2b-positive advanced GC, the combination of bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 led to numerically longer median PFS and OS compared with mFOLFOX6 alone. Efficacy was more pronounced with FGFR2b overexpression in ≥ 10% of tumor cells. Confirmatory phase 3 trials are ongoing (NCT05052801, NCT05111626). CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03694522.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zev A Wainberg
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 200, Santa Monica, Los Angeles, CA, 90404-2429, USA.
| | - Yoon-Koo Kang
- Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Shukui Qin
- Nanjing Tianyinshan Hospital, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kensei Yamaguchi
- Gastroenterological Chemotherapy Department, The Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Tokyo, Japan
| | - In-Ho Kim
- Department of Oncology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haci Mehmet Turk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alexandra Teixeira
- Gastroenterology Division, Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Erika Hitre
- Department of Medical Oncology and Clinical Pharmacology "B", National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrian A Udrea
- Medical Oncology, Medisprof Cancer Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter C Enzinger
- Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Cheng GX, Liu M, Chen ZW, Ye QP. Long non-coding RNA LINC00996 promotes gastric cancer progression by inhibiting CDKN2A. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:302-312. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i4.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
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17
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Yu JR, Liu YY, Gao YY, Qian LH, Qiu JL, Wang PP, Zhang GJ. Diterpenoid tanshinones inhibit gastric cancer angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117791. [PMID: 38301987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine known for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, with the effect of cooling blood and eliminating carbuncles, and has been proven to have the effect of treating tumors. However, the inhibitory effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge extracts (Diterpenoid tanshinones) on tumors by inhibiting angiogenesis has not been studied in detail. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-gastric cancer effect of diterpenoid tanshinones (DT) on angiogenesis, including the therapeutic effects and pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS This experiment utilized network pharmacology was used to identify relevant targets and pathways of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-related components in the treatment of gastric cancer. The effects of DT on the proliferation and migration of human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and human umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVECs were evaluated, and changes in the expression of angiogenesis-related factors were measured. In vivo, experiments were conducted on nude mice to determine tumor activity, size, immunohistochemistry, and related proteins. RESULTS The findings showed that DT could inhibit the development of gastric cancer by suppressing the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting invasion and metastasis. In addition, the content of angiogenesis-related factors and proteins was significantly altered in DT-affected cells and animals. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that DT has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of gastric cancer, as it can inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis. It was also found that DT may affect the expression of the angiogenic factor VEGF through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to the regulation of tumor angiogenesis. This study provides a new approach to the development of anti-tumor agents and has significant theoretical and clinical implications for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ru Yu
- Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for "Preventive Treatment" Smart Health of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Yue Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang-Yang Gao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Hui Qian
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Lin Qiu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei-Pei Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang-Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for "Preventive Treatment" Smart Health of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Loyala JV, Down B, Wong E, Tan B. Treatment of Cachexia in Gastric Cancer: Exploring the Use of Anti-Inflammatory Natural Products and Their Derivatives. Nutrients 2024; 16:1246. [PMID: 38674936 PMCID: PMC11053965 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Gastric cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Weight loss and malnutrition associated with cancer are linked with increased mortality rates and reduced quality of life. Cancer cachexia, characterised by the loss of skeletal muscle, is associated with approximately 20% of cancer-related deaths and differs from malnutrition in that it cannot be fully reversed by nutritional support alone. It is now recognised that the primary pathophysiological process underlying cancer cachexia is chronic inflammation leading to increased calorie consumption. Current treatments that focus on nutritional supplementation, psychological counselling, appetite stimulation and reducing inflammation are lacking in efficacy. This review focuses on the evidence supporting the potential roles of natural anti-inflammatory products and their derivatives including fatty acids, probiotics, amino acids, curcumin, fucoidan, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginger, resveratrol and Boswellia serrata in the management of gastric cancer cachexia. (2) Results: While natural anti-inflammatory products show promise in a number of in vitro and in vivo studies, there are only a small number of human studies available. Where present, the evidence base is heterogeneous, with varying study methodologies and outcomes. (3) Conclusions: Natural anti-inflammatory products represent a potential adjunctive therapy for gastric cancer cachexia. Further research, particularly well-designed clinical trials, is needed to elucidate their optimal role, dosing and safety profiles in the management of gastric cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerocin Vishani Loyala
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Billy Down
- High Wycombe Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, High Wycombe HP11 2TT, UK;
| | - Enoch Wong
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Benjamin Tan
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
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Kostelecka K, Bryliński Ł, Komar O, Michalczyk J, Miłosz A, Biłogras J, Woliński F, Forma A, Baj J. An Overview of the Spices Used for the Prevention and Potential Treatment of Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1611. [PMID: 38672692 PMCID: PMC11049028 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks third in terms of cancer-related deaths and is the fifth most commonly diagnosed type of cancer. Its risk factors include Helicobacter pylori infection, Epstein-Barr virus infection, the consumption of broiled and charbroiled animal meats, salt-preserved and smoke-enhanced foods, alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, exposure to ionizing radiation, and positive family history. The limited effectiveness of conventional therapies and the widespread risk factors of GC encourage the search for new methods of treatment and prevention. In the quest for cheap and commonly available medications, numerous studies focus on herbal medicine, traditional brews, and spices. In this review, we outline the potential use of spices, including turmeric, ginger, garlic, black cumin, chili pepper, saffron, black pepper, rosemary, galangal, coriander, wasabi, cinnamon, oregano, cardamom, fenugreek, caraway, clove, dill, thyme, Piper sarmentosum, basil, as well as the compounds they contain, in the prevention and treatment of GC. We present the potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the effectivity of a given seasoning substance and their impact on GC cells. We discuss their potential effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. For most of the spices discussed, we also outline the unavailability and side effects of their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kostelecka
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (Ł.B.); (O.K.); (J.M.); (A.M.); (J.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Łukasz Bryliński
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (Ł.B.); (O.K.); (J.M.); (A.M.); (J.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Olga Komar
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (Ł.B.); (O.K.); (J.M.); (A.M.); (J.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Justyna Michalczyk
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (Ł.B.); (O.K.); (J.M.); (A.M.); (J.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Agata Miłosz
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (Ł.B.); (O.K.); (J.M.); (A.M.); (J.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Jan Biłogras
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (Ł.B.); (O.K.); (J.M.); (A.M.); (J.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Filip Woliński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (Ł.B.); (O.K.); (J.M.); (A.M.); (J.B.); (J.B.)
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20
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Qi X, Liu J, Wang L, Gu P, Song S, Shu P. Kaempferol-induced mitochondrial damage promotes NF-κB-NLRP3-caspase-1 signaling axis-mediated pyroptosis in gastric cancer cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28672. [PMID: 38596072 PMCID: PMC11002587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
GC is a gastrointestinal tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Owing to the high rate of postoperative recurrence associated with GC, the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be compromised by the occurrence of severe undesirable side effects. In light of these circumstances, KP, a flavonoid abundantly present in diverse herbal and fruit sources, emerges as a promising therapeutic agent with inherent anti-tumor properties. This study endeavors to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of KP in the context of GC while unraveling the intricate underlying mechanisms. Notably, our investigations unveil that KP stimulation effectively promotes the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles within AGS cells by engaging the NF-κB signaling pathway. Consequently, the signal cascade triggers the cleavage of Caspase-1, culminating in the liberation of IL-18. Furthermore, we ascertain that KP facilitate AGS cell pyroptosis by inducing mitochondrial damage. Collectively, our findings showcase KP as a compelling candidate for the treatment of GC-related diseases, heralding new possibilities for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafei Qi
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiatong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Liuxiang Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Peixing Gu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Siyuan Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210029, China
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21
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He XX, Du B, Wu T, Shen H. Prognostic analysis of related factors of adverse reactions to immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and establishment of a nomogram model. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1268-1280. [PMID: 38660670 PMCID: PMC11037037 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer has attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, the adverse reactions of immunotherapy and its relationship with patient prognosis still need further study. In order to determine the association between adverse reaction factors and prognosis, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic prognostic analysis. By comprehensively evaluating the clinical data of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated by immunotherapy, a nomogram model will be established to predict the survival status of patients more accurately. AIM To explore the characteristics and predictors of immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy with programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors and to analyze the correlation between irAEs and patient prognosis. METHODS A total of 140 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors in our hospital from June 2021 to October 2023 were selected. Patients were divided into the irAEs group and the non-irAEs group according to whether or not irAEs occurred. Clinical features, manifestations, and prognosis of irAEs in the two groups were collected and analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the occurrence of irAEs, and the prediction model of irAEs was established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability of different indicators to predict irAEs. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the correlation between irAEs and prognosis. The Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the prognosis of patients. RESULTS A total of 132 patients were followed up, of whom 63 (47.7%) developed irAEs. We looked at the two groups' clinical features and found that the two groups were statistically different in age ≥ 65 years, Ki-67 index, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and regulatory T cell (Treg) count (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Treg count was a protective factor affecting irAEs occurrence (P = 0.030). The ROC curve indicated that Treg + Ki-67 + age (≥ 65 years) combined could predict irAEs well (area under the curve = 0.753, 95% confidence interval: 0.623-0.848, P = 0.001). Results of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that progression-free survival (PFS) was longer in the irAEs group than in the non-irAEs group (P = 0.001). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis suggested that the occurrence of irAEs was an independent factor for PFS (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION The number of Treg cells is a separate factor that affects irAEs in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy. irAEs can affect the patients' PFS and result in longer PFS. Treg + Ki-67 + age (≥ 65 years old) combined can better predict the occurrence of adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Xu He
- Department of Surgery, Fudan University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital (Qingpu Branch), Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Bang Du
- Department of Surgery, Anhui Provincial Red Cross Society Hospital, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Surgery, Anhui Provincial Red Cross Society Hospital, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China
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22
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Li GX, Chen YP, Hu YY, Zhao WJ, Lu YY, Wan FJ, Wu ZJ, Wang XQ, Yu QY. Machine learning for identifying tumor stemness genes and developing prognostic model in gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6455-6477. [PMID: 38613794 PMCID: PMC11042969 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer presents a formidable challenge, marked by its debilitating nature and often dire prognosis. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of tumor stem cells in exacerbating treatment resistance and fueling disease recurrence in gastric cancer. Thus, the identification of genes contributing to tumor stemness assumes paramount importance. Employing a comprehensive approach encompassing ssGSEA, WGCNA, and various machine learning algorithms, this study endeavors to delineate tumor stemness key genes (TSKGs). Subsequently, these genes were harnessed to construct a prognostic model, termed the Tumor Stemness Risk Genes Prognostic Model (TSRGPM). Through PCA, Cox regression analysis and ROC curve analysis, the efficacy of Tumor Stemness Risk Scores (TSRS) in stratifying patient risk profiles was underscored, affirming its ability as an independent prognostic indicator. Notably, the TSRS exhibited a significant correlation with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Furthermore, leveraging algorithms such as CIBERSORT to dissect immune infiltration patterns revealed a notable association between TSRS and monocytes and other cell. Subsequent scrutiny of tumor stemness risk genes (TSRGs) culminated in the identification of CDC25A for detailed investigation. Bioinformatics analyses unveil CDC25A's implication in driving the malignant phenotype of tumors, with a discernible impact on cell proliferation and DNA replication in gastric cancer. Noteworthy validation through in vitro experiments corroborated the bioinformatics findings, elucidating the pivotal role of CDC25A expression in modulating tumor stemness in gastric cancer. In summation, the established and validated TSRGPM holds promise in prognostication and delineation of potential therapeutic targets, thus heralding a pivotal stride towards personalized management of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xing Li
- Department of Oncology and Central Laboratory, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Peng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - You-Yang Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhao
- Department of Oncology and Central Laboratory, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Yan Lu
- Department of Oncology and Central Laboratory, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Jian Wan
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Qian Wang
- Department of Oncology and Central Laboratory, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ying Yu
- Department of Oncology and Central Laboratory, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
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23
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Zhang P, Liu D, Zang Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Zhu J, Li X, Ding Y. USP12 facilitates gastric cancer progression via stabilizing YAP. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:174. [PMID: 38605077 PMCID: PMC11009230 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of Hippo signaling is a crucial factor driving the progression of gastric cancer, making the targeting of the Hippo pathway a promising therapeutic strategy. However, effective drugs targeting the Hippo/YAP axis remain unavailable. Thus, identifying potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms that inhibit the activity of the Hippo/YAP axis in gastric cancer is of paramount importance. The ubiquitination modification of the Hippo/YAP pathway plays a significant role in signaling transduction and cancer progression. In an effort to shed light on effective therapeutic targets, we conducted a screening using a deubiquitinase small interfering RNA library, leading to the identification of USP12 as an important deubiquitinase in the context of Hippo/YAP axis and the progression of gastric cancer. Our bioinformatic analysis further demonstrated a correlation between USP12 and poor survival, as well as a positive association with classical YAP target genes in gastric cancer samples. Notably, USP12 depletion was found to inhibit gastric cancer progression via the Hippo/YAP axis, whereas USP12 overexpression exhibited the opposite effect, promoting gastric cancer growth and enhancing YAP activity. Further studies through immuno-staining and immuno-precipitation assays indicated the nuclear localization of USP12 and its association with YAP to enhance YAP stability. Specifically, our findings revealed that USP12 could inhibit K48-linked poly-ubiquitination of YAP, predominantly at the K315 site. As a result, we have identified a novel regulatory mechanism involving USP12 and Hippo signaling in the progression of gastric cancer, with the potential for blockade of USP12 to materialize as a promising strategy for combating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, PR China
| | - Dongyi Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yifeng Zang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jinqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ziping Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Xin Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration and Invasion Precision Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, PR China.
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Yinlu Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, PR China.
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24
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Lu T, Lu M, Liu H, Song D, Wang Z, Guo Y, Fang Y, Chen Q, Li T. Establishment of a prognostic model for gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy using machine learning: a two-center study. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1282042. [PMID: 38665864 PMCID: PMC11043579 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1282042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Gastric cancer is a prevalent gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide. In this study, a prognostic model was developed for gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy using machine learning, employing advanced computational techniques to investigate postoperative mortality risk factors in such patients. Methods Data of 295 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy at the Department of General Surgery of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou, China) between March 2016 and November 2019 were retrospectively analyzed as the training group. Additionally, 109 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy at the Department of General Surgery Affiliated to Jining First People's Hospital (Jining, China) were included for external validation. Four machine learning models, including logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and gradient boosting machine (GBM), were utilized. Model performance was assessed by comparing the area under the curve (AUC) for each model. An LR-based nomogram model was constructed to assess patients' clinical prognosis. Results Lasso regression identified eight associated factors: age, sex, maximum tumor diameter, nerve or vascular invasion, TNM stage, gastrectomy type, lymphocyte count, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. The performance of these models was evaluated using the AUC. In the training group, the AUC values were 0.795, 0.759, 0.873, and 0.853 for LR, DT, RF, and GBM, respectively. In the validation group, the AUC values were 0.734, 0.708, 0.746, and 0.707 for LR, DT, RF, and GBM, respectively. The nomogram model, constructed based on LR, demonstrated excellent clinical prognostic evaluation capabilities. Conclusion Machine learning algorithms are robust performance assessment tools for evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancer patients who have undergone radical gastrectomy. The LR-based nomogram model can aid clinicians in making more reliable clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Miao Lu
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Haonan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Daqing Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Zhengzheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
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25
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Kırboğa KK, Rudrapal M. Feature Engineering-Assisted Drug Repurposing on Disease-Drug Transcriptome Profiles in Gastric Cancer. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024. [PMID: 38572922 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common and deadly types of cancer in the world. To develop new biomarkers and drugs to diagnose and treat this cancer, it is necessary to identify the differences between the transcriptome profiles of gastric cancer and healthy individuals, identify critical genes associated with these differences, and make potential drug predictions based on these genes. In this study, using two gene expression datasets related to gastric cancer (GSE19826 and GSE79973), 200 genes that were ready for machine learning were selected, and their expression levels were analyzed. The best 100 genes for the model were chosen with the permutation feature importance method, and central genes, such as SCARB1, ETV3, SPATA17, FAM167A-AS1, and MTBP, which were shown to be associated with gastric cancer, were identified. Then, using the drug repurposing method with the Connectivity Map CLUE Query tools, potential drugs such as Forskolin, Gestrinone, Cediranib, Apicidine, and Everolimus, which showed a highly negative correlation with the expression levels of the selected genes, were identified. This study provides a method to develop new approaches to diagnosing and treating gastric cancer by comparing the transcriptome profiles of patients gastric cancer and performing a feature engineering-assisted drug repurposing analysis based on cancer data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Kübra Kırboğa
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Türkiye
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur, India
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26
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Yang J, Chen Y, He Y, Da M. YTHDF2 promotes gastric cancer progression and enhances chemoradiotherapy resistance. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22179. [PMID: 38616512 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The role of YTHDF2 in gastric cancer (GC) is controversial. Due to the limitations of technical difficulty and experimental period, research on completely knocking out YTHDF2 is rare. Therefore, further investigations are still needed to clarify the YTHDF2's clinical significance and biological function in GC. To carry out the investigation, an analysis was performed on the expression levels of YTHDF2 in both publicly available databases and samples obtained from patients with gastric cancer. Based on the complete knockout of YTHDF2 using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of YTHDF2 on tumor formation, radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy resistance in GC. Our investigation revealed an increase in YTHDF2 levels in GC tissues, which was found to be associated with a negative prognosis. Under hypoxic conditions, high expression of YTHDF2 enhanced the invasion of gastric cancer cells, and high expression of YTHDF2 was associated with HIF-1a. YTHDF2 facilitated gastric cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the results of the present study demonstrated that YTHDF2 mediated the expression of CyclinD1 and stability of CyclinD1 mRNA. CyclinD1 knockdown inhibited YTHDF2-mediated GC cell proliferation whereas CyclinD1 overexpression ameliorated YTHDF2 knockdown-induced inhibition of GC progression. Furthermore, YTHDF2 also promoted resistance to DDP and CTX chemotherapy, along with radiotherapy treatment for GC cells. The findings suggested that YTHDF2 expression accelerated GC progression through a potential mechanism involving CyclinD1 expression, and enhanced chemoradiotherapy resistance. This indicated that YTHDF2 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for individuals diagnosed with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yawen Chen
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang He
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingxu Da
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Liu D, Peng J, Xie J, Xie Y. Comprehensive analysis of the function of helicobacter-associated ferroptosis gene YWHAE in gastric cancer through multi-omics integration, molecular docking, and machine learning. Apoptosis 2024; 29:439-456. [PMID: 38001345 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of gastric cancer in the context of H. pylori infection, particularly in relation to ferroptosis, remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of the Helicobacter-associated ferroptosis gene YWHAE in gastric cancer. We analyzed multi-omics data, performed molecular docking, and employed machine learning to comprehensively evaluate the expression, function, and potential implications in gastric cancer, including its influence on drug sensitivity, mutation, immune microenvironment, immunotherapy, and prognosis. Our findings demonstrated that the YWHAE gene exhibits high expression in both H. pylori-associated gastritis and gastric cancer. Pan-cancer analysis revealed elevated expression of YWHAE in several cancer types compared to normal tissues. We also examined the methylation, single nucleotide variations (SNVs), and copy number variations (CNVs) associated with YWHAE. Single-cell analysis indicated that the YWHAE gene is expressed in various cell types, with its expression level potentially influenced by H. pylori infection. Functionally, we observed a positive correlation between YWHAE gene expression and ferroptosis in gastric cancer and associated with multiple cancer-related signaling pathways, including MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3K. Furthermore, we predicted five small molecule compounds that show promise for treating gastric cancer patients and screened five drugs with the highest correlation with YWHAE and validated them by molecular docking. Additionally, significant differences were observed in various immune cell types and immunotherapeutic response between the high and low YWHAE gene expression groups. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between YWHAE gene expression and the tumour mutation burden (TMB). By applying 10 machine learning algorithms and 101 integration combinations, we developed a prognostic model for YWHAE-related genes. Finally, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) consistently demonstrated the upregulation of YWHAE in gastric cancer. In conclusion, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of YWHAE gene in gastric cancer. Our findings provided novel insights into the role of YWHAE as a gene associated with H. pylori infection and ferroptosis in gastric cancer and expanded our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianxiang Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China.
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Deng Y, Sun Y, Wu S, Zhang T, Yang J, Liu K. Differential genetic mutations and immune cell infiltration in high- and low-risk STAD: Implications for prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18174. [PMID: 38494839 PMCID: PMC10945082 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates genetic mutations and immune cell dynamics in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), focusing on identifying prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Analysis of TCGA-STAD samples revealed C > A as the most common single nucleotide variant (SNV) in both high and low-risk groups. Key mutated driver genes included TTN, TP53 and MUC16, with frame-shift mutations more prevalent in the low-risk group and missense mutations in the high-risk group. Interaction analysis of hub genes such as C1QA and CD68 showed significant correlations, impacting immune cell infiltration patterns. Using ssGSEA, we found higher immune cell infiltration (B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, DC cells, NK cells) in the high-risk group, correlated with increased risk scores. xCell algorithm results indicated distinct immune infiltration levels between the groups. The study's risk scoring model proved effective in prognosis prediction and immunotherapy efficacy assessment. Key molecules like CD28, CD27 and SLAMF7 correlated significantly with risk scores, suggesting potential targets for high-risk STAD patients. Drug sensitivity analysis showed a negative correlation between risk scores and sensitivity to certain treatments, indicating potential therapeutic options for high-risk STAD patients. We also validated the carcinogenic role of RPL14 in gastric cancer through phenotypic experiments, demonstrating its influence on cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Overall, this research provides crucial insights into the genetic and immune aspects of STAD, highlighting the importance of a risk scoring model for personalized treatment strategies and clinical decision-making in gastric cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin‐yong Deng
- Department of General Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Si‐jia Wu
- Department of West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tian‐ying Zhang
- Department of West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of General Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of General Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of General Surgery and Gastric Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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29
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Wang S, Yang J, Huang W, Yu Z, Mao Y, Feng Y, Chen J. Identification of CERS5 as a molecular biomarker in pan-cancer through multiple omics integrative analysis. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111054. [PMID: 38244710 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease that presents a major threat to human health. The protein CERS5 is responsible for synthesizing C16-ceramide, but its role in cancer is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the connection between CERS5 expression and pan-cancer prognosis, diagnosis, and the molecular mechanism involved. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed variations among different cancer types. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and a network of protein-protein interaction (PPI) was constructed. The relationship between CERS5 and 22 immune infiltrating cell categories was detected using CIBERSORT. Single-cell analysis revealed elevated CERS5 levels in fibroblasts, which are vital in tumor immunity. The relationship between the expression of CERS5 and the immune-related genes, microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden, and RNA modification genes in cancer were examined using the pan-cancer database. The role of CERS5 in immune regulation might be crucial to the tumor microenvironment. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated associations between CERS5 and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, the WNT signaling pathway, and cell-cell junctions. Specifically, CERS5 was positively correlated with Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 (CTLA4), Programmed Cell Death 1 (PDCD1), and Lymphocyte Activating 3 (LAG3) in stomach adenocarcinoma. In vitro, knockdown of CERS5 significantly hindered gastric cancer cells' ability to proliferate, migrate invade and increased apoptotic rate. We believe that CERS5 could be a promising target for future cancer research, contributing to the development of effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Multimodal Tumor Images, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Multimodal Tumor Images, China
| | - Weijia Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Multimodal Tumor Images, China
| | - Zhu Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Multimodal Tumor Images, China
| | - Yuantian Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Multimodal Tumor Images, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Multimodal Tumor Images, China
| | - Junqiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Multimodal Tumor Images, China.
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Riegel G, Orvain C, Recberlik S, Spaety ME, Poschet G, Venkatasamy A, Yamamoto M, Nomura S, Tsukamoto T, Masson M, Gross I, Le Lagadec R, Mellitzer G, Gaiddon C. The unfolded protein response-glutathione metabolism axis: A novel target of a cycloruthenated complexes bypassing tumor resistance mechanisms. Cancer Lett 2024; 585:216671. [PMID: 38290658 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Platinum-based drugs remain the reference treatment for gastric cancer (GC). However, the frequency of resistance, due to mutations in TP53 or alterations in the energy and redox metabolisms, impairs the efficacy of current treatments, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic options. Here, we show that a cycloruthenated compound targeting the redox metabolism, RDC11, induces higher cytotoxicity than oxaliplatin in GC cells and is more potent in reducing tumor growth in vivo. Detailed investigations into the mode of action of RDC11 indicated that it targets the glutathione (GSH) metabolism, which is an important drug resistance mechanism. We demonstrate that cycloruthenated complexes regulate the expression of enzymes of the transsulfuration pathway via the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and its effector ATF4. Furthermore, RDC11 induces the expression of SLC7A11 encoding for the cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT. These effects lead to a lower cellular GSH content and elevated oxygen reactive species production, causing the activation of a caspase-independent apoptosis. Altogether, this study provides the first evidence that cycloruthenated complexes target the GSH metabolism, neutralizing thereby a major resistance mechanism towards platinum-based chemotherapies and anticancer immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Riegel
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Orvain
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sevda Recberlik
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Elodie Spaety
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aina Venkatasamy
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-Guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- Department of Laboratory of Physiological Pathology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsyua Tsukamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Murielle Masson
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; University of Strasbourg, CNRS BSC-UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Illkirch, France
| | - Isabelle Gross
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "SMART" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Georg Mellitzer
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France.
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31
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Bonomi M, Spada D, Baiocchi GL, Celotti A, Brighenti M, Grizzi G. Targeting HER2 in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Molecular Features and Updates in Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3876. [PMID: 38612688 PMCID: PMC11011631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) is one of the principal causes of death related to cancer globally. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a tyrosine kinase receptor which is found to be overexpressed or amplified in approximately 20% of GEA cases. In GEA, the identification of HER2-positive status is crucial to activate a specific anti-HER2 targeted therapy. The landmark ToGA trial demonstrated the superiority of adding trastuzumab to platinum-based chemotherapy, becoming the first-line standard of treatment. However, unlike breast cancer, the efficacy of other anti-HER2 drugs, such as lapatinib, pertuzumab, and T-DM1, has failed to improve outcomes in advanced and locally advanced resectable GEA. Recently, the combination of trastuzumab with pembrolizumab, along with chemotherapy, and the development of trastuzumab deruxtecan, with its specific bystander activity, demonstrated improved outcomes, renewing attention in the treatment of this disease. This review will summarise historical and emerging therapies for the treatment of HER2-positive GEA, with a section dedicated to the HER2 molecular pathway and the use of novel blood biomarkers, such as circulating tumour DNA and circulating tumour cells, which may be helpful in the future to guide treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bonomi
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Daniele Spada
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Surgery, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (G.L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Celotti
- Department of Surgery, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (G.L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Matteo Brighenti
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Giulia Grizzi
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
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32
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Hu L, Shi J, Zhu Z, Lu X, Jiang H, Yu H, Liu H, Chen W. CRISPLD1 promotes gastric cancer progression by regulating the Ca 2+/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27569. [PMID: 38486747 PMCID: PMC10938123 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Studies have shown that cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain containing 1 (CRISPLD1) is associated with tumor progression. However, its role in GC is unclear. The present study aimed to determine the pathogenic mechanism of CRISPLD1 in GC. Analysis of public databases revealed high mRNA expression of CRISPLD1 in GC, which was associated with poor prognosis. Additionally, CRISPLD1 expression levels showed significant correlations with T stage, overall survival events, and stage. Knockdown of CRISPLD1 reduced cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, CRISPLD1 knockdown decreased intracellular calcium levels in GC cells and inhibited the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. Treatment with an AKT activator reversed the inhibitory effect of CRISPLD1 knockdown on GC cell migration and invasion. Our findings suggest that CRISPLD1 promotes tumor cell progression in GC by mediating intracellular calcium levels and activating the PI3K-AKT pathway, highlighting CRISPLD1 as a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Hu
- Graduate school of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianghua Shi
- Graduate school of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zichen Zhu
- Graduate school of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuemei Lu
- Graduate school of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huibo Jiang
- Graduate school of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanyang Yu
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Graduate school of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Graduate school of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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33
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Yang X, Wu C. Systemic immune inflammation index and gastric cancer prognosis: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:122. [PMID: 38410191 PMCID: PMC10895464 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to pool the available data on the associations between the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and overall survival (OS) or recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with gastric cancer (GC). A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus databases for observational studies, and a random effects model was used to conduct the statistical analysis. Pooled effect sizes were reported as hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Data from 30 studies (24 conducted in China) with follow-ups ranging between 15.5 and 65.6 months were analyzed. Patients with GC and high SII levels had poor OS (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.34-1.75) and recurrence free survival (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.17-1.70). These increased risks were present irrespective of the treatment strategy (surgical or non-surgical management), the sample size (<500 and ≥500) and the cut-off used to define high and low SII (<600 and ≥600 x109 cells/l). The results of this meta-analysis suggest that high pretreatment SII levels were associated with poor OS and RFS in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomao Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Hernia, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Hernia, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
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Azadeh P, Gholizadeh Pasha S, Yaghobi Joybari A, Abiar Z, Alahyari S, Taghizadeh-Hesary F. Survival Benefit of Induction Chemotherapy with Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Followed by Chemoradiation Versus Postoperative Treatment in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:457-466. [PMID: 38010493 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-023-00991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer remains a prevalent worldwide illness that lacks a definitive cure. Recently, induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation has shown promising results in achieving a significant pathological response in locally advanced gastric cancer and improving survival rates. However, the optimal regimen for this approach continues to be a subject of discussion. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted on treatment-naïve patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who were referred to Imam Hossain General Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between April 2016 and March 2019. Eligible patients met the criteria of clinical T3-4 or nodal-positive stage, or both, and had non-metastatic resectable tumors. The patients were categorized into two groups: (a) the neoadjuvant group, which received induction chemotherapy (carboplatin AUC 2 and paclitaxel 50 mg/m2 weekly for 12 cycles) followed by concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiation (radiotherapy 45-50 Gy/1.8 Gy per fraction concurrent with capecitabine 500 mg/m2 BID and oxaliplatin 40 mg/m2 weekly), and (b) the adjuvant group, which was treated with standard chemoradiation or chemotherapy regimens. The two groups were compared regarding the 3-year recurrence rate and 3-year overall survival. RESULTS A total of 102 patients were included in the study (63.7% male, mean age ± standard deviation 56 ± 13 years). Among these, 45 patients received neoadjuvant treatment, and 57 received adjuvant treatment. The neoadjuvant group had a higher proportion of patients with advanced disease (stage III: 91.1% vs. 57.9%, P = 0.001). In the neoadjuvant group, 20 patients (44.4%) achieved a complete pathologic response, and all underwent curative surgery. The neoadjuvant group exhibited a lower 3-year recurrence rate (13 [28.9%] vs. 33 [57.9%], P = 0.003) and a higher 3-year overall survival rate (36 [80%] vs. 32 [56.1%], P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving induction chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by chemoradiation demonstrated enhanced disease control and survival compared to standard adjuvant regimens. In addition, patients treated with the applied preoperative regimen in this study showed higher pathologic response and overall survival rates than in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Azadeh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Gholizadeh Pasha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Yaghobi Joybari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Abiar
- Radiation Oncologist, Imam sajad hospital, Iran university of medical science, Shahryar, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sam Alahyari
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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35
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Liu X, Ou J. The development of prognostic gene markers associated with disulfidptosis in gastric cancer and their application in predicting drug response. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26013. [PMID: 38384541 PMCID: PMC10878937 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignancy known for its high fatality rate. Disulfidptosis, a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, has been proposed. Nevertheless, the specific involvement of disulfidptosis in the context of GC remains uncertain. Methods The mRNA expression profiles were obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases. Univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses were employed to identify differentially expressed genes and develop a risk model for disulfidptosis-related genes. The performance of the model was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curve, ROC curve, and nomogram. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to determine if the risk model could serve as an independent prognostic factor. The biological function of the identified genes was assessed through GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses. The prediction of drug response was conducted employing the package "pRRophetic". Furthermore, gene expression was determined using qRT-PCR. Results An eight-gene signature were identified and utilized to categorize patients into low- and high-risk groups. Survival, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and Cox analyses provided clarification that these eight hub genes served as a favorable independent prognostic factor for patients with GC. A nomogram was constructed by integrating clinical parameters with the risk signatures, demonstrating high precision in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates. Additionally, drug sensitivity was different in the high-risk and low-risk groups, and the expression of three genes was verified by qRT-PCR. Conclusion The prognostic risk model developed in this study demonstrates the potential to accurately forecast the prognosis of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jianghong Ou
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changsha Central Hospital, Nanhua University, Changsha, 410000, China
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36
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Triantafillidis JK, Konstadoulakis MM, Papalois AE. Immunotherapy of gastric cancer: Present status and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:779-793. [PMID: 38516237 PMCID: PMC10950642 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i8.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we comment on the article entitled "Advances and key focus areas in gastric cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive scientometric and clinical trial review (1999-2023)," which was published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology. We focused on the results of the authors' bibliometric analysis concerning gastric cancer immunotherapy, which they analyzed in depth by compiling the relevant publications of the last 20 years. Before that, we briefly describe the most recent data concerning the epidemiological parameters of gastric cancer (GC) in different countries, attempting to give an interpretation based on the etiological factors involved in the etiopathogenesis of the neoplasm. We then briefly discuss the conservative treatment (chemotherapy) of the various forms of this malignant neoplasm. We describe the treatment of resectable tumors, locally advanced neoplasms, and unresectable (advanced) cases. Special attention is given to modern therapeutic approaches with emphasis on immunotherapy, which seems to be the future of GC treatment, especially in combination with chemotherapy. There is also a thorough analysis of the results of the study under review in terms of the number of scientific publications, the countries in which the studies were conducted, the authors, and the scientific centers of origin, as well as the clinical studies in progress. Finally, an attempt is made to draw some con-clusions and to point out possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Triantafillidis
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, “Metropolitan General” Hospital, Holargos 15562, Attica, Greece. Hellenic Society for Gastrointestinal Oncology, 354 Iera Odos, Chaidari 12461, Attica, Greece
| | - Manousos M Konstadoulakis
- Second Department of Surgery, University of Athens School of Medicine, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens 11528, Attica, Greece
| | - Apostolos E Papalois
- Unit of Surgical Research and Training, Second Department of Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens 11528, Attica, Greece
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37
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Sun N, Tan BB, Li Y. Nomogram model including LATS2 expression was constructed to predict the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer after surgery. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:518-528. [PMID: 38463354 PMCID: PMC10921222 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i2.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Prognostic assessments are typically based on the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system, which does not account for the molecular heterogeneity of this disease. LATS2, a tumor suppressor gene involved in the Hippo signaling pathway, has been identified as a potential prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer. AIM To construct and validate a nomogram model that includes LATS2 expression to predict the survival prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients following radical surgery, and compare its predictive performance with traditional TNM staging. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 245 advanced gastric cancer patients from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University was conducted. The patients were divided into a training group (171 patients) and a validation group (74 patients) to develop and test our prognostic model. The performance of the model was determined using C-indices, receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curves. RESULTS The model demonstrated a high predictive accuracy with C-indices of 0.829 in the training set and 0.862 in the validation set. Area under the curve values for three-year and five-year survival prediction were significantly robust, suggesting an excellent discrimination ability. Calibration plots confirmed the high concordance between the predictions and actual survival outcomes. CONCLUSION We developed a nomogram model incorporating LATS2 expression, which significantly outperformed conventional TNM staging in predicting the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients postsurgery. This model may serve as a valuable tool for individualized patient management, allowing for more accurate stratification and improved clinical outcomes. Further validation in larger patient cohorts will be necessary to establish its generalizability and clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bi-Bo Tan
- Third Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yong Li
- Third Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
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Hu Y, Hu Y, Lu X, Luo H, Chen Z. LINC00839 in Human Disorders: Insights into its Regulatory Roles and Clinical Impact, with a Special Focus on Cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:2179-2192. [PMID: 38495499 PMCID: PMC10937278 DOI: 10.7150/jca.93820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
LINC00839 has captured significant attention within a spectrum of human disorders, including acute lung injury, osteoarthritis, and childhood obesity. Notably, aberrant expression patterns of LINC00839 have been observed across diverse cancer tissues and cell lines. LINC00839 emerges as an oncogenic factor in tumorigenesis and exerts a positive influence on tumor-associated behaviors. Its therapeutic potential for various cancers is underscored by its modulatory impact on pivotal signaling pathways, such as PI3K/AKT, OXPHOS, and Wnt/β-catenin. Additionally, LINC00839's role in reducing sensitivity to drug and radiotherapy interventions presents opportunities for targeted intervention. Furthermore, elevated LINC00839 expression indicates advanced clinicopathological features and foretells unfavorable prognoses, as validated by publications and comprehensive analyses of tumor types using TCGA datasets. This review elucidates the multiple regulatory mechanisms and functional implications of LINC00839 in various diseases, especially malignancies, emphasizing its potential as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic target across multiple disease domains in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiu Hu
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yushan Hu
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongliang Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziwen Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ganzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
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Díaz Del Arco C, Fernández Aceñero MJ, Ortega Medina L. Molecular Classifications in Gastric Cancer: A Call for Interdisciplinary Collaboration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2649. [PMID: 38473896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease, often diagnosed at advanced stages, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 20%. Despite notable technological advancements in cancer research over the past decades, their impact on GC management and outcomes has been limited. Numerous molecular alterations have been identified in GC, leading to various molecular classifications, such as those developed by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG). Other authors have proposed alternative perspectives, including immune, proteomic, or epigenetic-based classifications. However, molecular stratification has not yet transitioned into clinical practice for GC, and little attention has been paid to alternative molecular classifications. In this review, we explore diverse molecular classifications in GC from a practical point of view, emphasizing their relationships with clinicopathological factors, prognosis, and therapeutic approaches. We have focused on classifications beyond those of TCGA and the ACRG, which have been less extensively reviewed previously. Additionally, we discuss the challenges that must be overcome to ensure their impact on patient treatment and prognosis. This review aims to serve as a practical framework to understand the molecular landscape of GC, facilitate the development of consensus molecular categories, and guide the design of innovative molecular studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Díaz Del Arco
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Fernández Aceñero
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Ortega Medina
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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40
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Cao L, Ouyang H. Intercellular crosstalk between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts via exosomes in gastrointestinal tumors. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1374742. [PMID: 38463229 PMCID: PMC10920350 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1374742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors are a significant global health threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Exosomes contain various biologically active molecules like nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and can serve as messengers for intercellular communication. They play critical roles in the exchange of information between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME consists of mesenchymal cells and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), with fibroblasts being the most abundant cell type in the tumor mesenchyme. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are derived from normal fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells that are activated in the TME. CAFs can secrete exosomes to modulate cell proliferation, invasion, migration, drug resistance, and other biological processes in tumors. Additionally, tumor cells can manipulate the function and behavior of fibroblasts through direct cell-cell interactions. This review provides a summary of the intercellular crosstalk between GI tumor cells and CAFs through exosomes, along with potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Hangzhou Linan District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Hangzhou Linan District, Hangzhou, China
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41
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Qu H, Liang Y, Guo Q, Lu L, Yang Y, Xu W, Zhang Y, Qin Y. Identifying CTH and MAP1LC3B as ferroptosis biomarkers for prognostic indication in gastric cancer decoding. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4352. [PMID: 38388661 PMCID: PMC10883967 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), known for its high incidence and poor prognosis, urgently necessitates the identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers to enhance patient outcomes. We scrutinized data from 375 GC patients alongside 32 non-cancer controls, sourced from the TCGA database. A univariate Cox Proportional Hazards Model (COX) regression was employed to evaluate expressions of ferroptosis-related genes. This was followed by the application of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and multivariate COX regression for the development of prognostic models. The composition of immune cell subtypes was quantified utilizing CIBERSORT, with their distribution in GC versus control samples being comparatively analyzed. Furthermore, the correlation between the expressions of Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase (CTH) and Microtubule Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 Beta (MAP1LC3B) and the abundance of immune cell subtypes was explored. Our bioinformatics findings underwent validation through immunohistochemical analysis. Our prognostic models integrated CTH and MAP1LC3B. Survival analysis indicated that patients categorized as high-risk, as defined by the model, exhibited significantly lower survival rates compared to their low-risk counterparts. Notably, CTH expression inversely correlated with monocyte levels, while MAP1LC3B expression showed an inverse relationship with the abundance of M2 macrophages. Immunohistochemical validation corroborated lower expressions of CTH and MAP1LC3B in GC tissues relative to control samples, in concordance with our bioinformatics predictions. Our study suggests that the dysregulation of CTH, MAP1LC3B, and the accompanying monocyte-macrophage dynamics could be pivotal in the prognosis of GC. These elements present potential targets for prognostic assessment and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishun Qu
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yunxiao Liang
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Quan Guo
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Weicheng Xu
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yitian Zhang
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yijue Qin
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
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42
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Qiu Y, Lu G, Li N, Hu Y, Tan H, Jiang C. Exosome-mediated communication between gastric cancer cells and macrophages: implications for tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1327281. [PMID: 38455041 PMCID: PMC10917936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1327281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant neoplasm originating from the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa. The pathogenesis of GC is intricately linked to the tumor microenvironment within which the cancer cells reside. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) primarily differentiate from peripheral blood monocytes and can be broadly categorized into M1 and M2 subtypes. M2-type TAMs have been shown to promote tumor growth, tissue remodeling, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, they can actively suppress acquired immunity, leading to a poorer prognosis and reduced tolerance to chemotherapy. Exosomes, which contain a myriad of biologically active molecules including lipids, proteins, mRNA, and noncoding RNAs, have emerged as key mediators of communication between tumor cells and TAMs. The exchange of these molecules via exosomes can markedly influence the tumor microenvironment and consequently impact tumor progression. Recent studies have elucidated a correlation between TAMs and various clinicopathological parameters of GC, such as tumor size, differentiation, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, and TNM staging, highlighting the pivotal role of TAMs in GC development and metastasis. In this review, we aim to comprehensively examine the bidirectional communication between GC cells and TAMs, the implications of alterations in the tumor microenvironment on immune escape, invasion, and metastasis in GC, targeted therapeutic approaches for GC, and the efficacy of potential GC drug resistance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guimei Lu
- Department of Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Li
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Tan
- Thoracic Esophageal Radiotherapy Department, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chengyao Jiang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Li W, Zou L, Huang S, Miao H, Liu K, Geng Y, Liu Y, Wu W. The anticancer activity of bile acids in drug discovery and development. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362382. [PMID: 38444942 PMCID: PMC10912613 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) constitute essential components of cholesterol metabolites that are synthesized in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and excreted into the intestine through the biliary system. They play a crucial role in nutrient absorption, lipid and glucose regulation, and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. In additional, BAs have demonstrated the ability to attenuate disease progression such as diabetes, metabolic disorders, heart disease, and respiratory ailments. Intriguingly, recent research has offered exciting evidence to unveil their potential antitumor properties against various cancer cell types including tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, gastric cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, gallbladder cancer, neuroblastoma, and others. Up to date, multiple laboratories have synthesized novel BA derivatives to develop potential drug candidates. These derivatives have exhibited the capacity to induce cell death in individual cancer cell types and display promising anti-tumor activities. This review extensively elucidates the anticancer activity of natural BAs and synthetic derivatives in cancer cells, their associated signaling pathways, and therapeutic strategies. Understanding of BAs and their derivatives activities and action mechanisms will evidently assist anticancer drug discovery and devise novel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zou
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Miao
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajun Geng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenguang Wu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
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Morgos DT, Stefani C, Miricescu D, Greabu M, Stanciu S, Nica S, Stanescu-Spinu II, Balan DG, Balcangiu-Stroescu AE, Coculescu EC, Georgescu DE, Nica RI. Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1848. [PMID: 38339127 PMCID: PMC10856016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide, with more than 1 million cases diagnosed every year. Helicobacter pylori represents the main risk factor, being responsible for 78% of the cases. Increased amounts of salt, pickled food, red meat, alcohol, smoked food, and refined sugars negatively affect the stomach wall, contributing to GC development. Several gene mutations, including PIK3CA, TP53, ARID1A, CDH1, Ras, Raf, and ERBB3 are encountered in GC pathogenesis, leading to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-PI3K/AKT/mTOR-and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway activation and promoting tumoral activity. Helicobacter pylori, growth factors, cytokines, hormones, and oxidative stress also activate both pathways, enhancing GC development. In clinical trials, promising results have come from monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab and ramucirumab. Dual inhibitors targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways were used in vitro studies, also with promising results. The main aim of this review is to present GC incidence and risk factors and the dysregulations of the two protein kinase complexes together with their specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana-Theodora Morgos
- Discipline of Anatomy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department I of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Miricescu
- Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Silviu Stanciu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Silvia Nica
- Emergency Discipline, University Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-I.S.-S.); (D.G.B.); (A.-E.B.-S.)
| | - Daniela Gabriela Balan
- Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-I.S.-S.); (D.G.B.); (A.-E.B.-S.)
| | - Andra-Elena Balcangiu-Stroescu
- Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-I.S.-S.); (D.G.B.); (A.-E.B.-S.)
| | - Elena-Claudia Coculescu
- Discipline of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dragos-Eugen Georgescu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 50474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of General Surgery, “Dr. Ion Cantacuzino” Clinical Hospital, 020475 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Remus Iulian Nica
- Central Military Emergency University Hospital “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
- Discipline of General Surgery, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Pereira MA, Ramos MFKP, Cardili L, de Moraes RDR, Dias AR, Szor DJ, Zilberstein B, Alves VAF, de Mello ES, Ribeiro U. Prognostic implications of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 28:151-157. [PMID: 38445936 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a regulatory role in the tumor-associated immune response and are important in the prognosis and treatment response of several cancers. However, because of its heterogeneity, the prognostic value of TILs in gastric cancer (GC) is still controversial. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between the density of TILs and patients' outcomes in GC. METHODS Patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent curative intent gastrectomy were retrospectively investigated. The groups for analysis were determined on the basis of TIL intensity and percentage of CD3+ T-cell infiltration by immunohistochemical. Furthermore, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), microsatellite instability (MSI), T-cell ratio of CD4 to CD8, and programmed death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) status were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 345 patients were enrolled: 124 patients with GCs (35.9%) were classified as the low-CD3+ TIL group, and 221 patients with GCs (64.1%) were classified as the high-CD3+ TIL group. Poorly differentiated histology (P = .014), EBV-positive status (P < .001), PD-L1-positive status (P = .001), and CD4 < CD8 (P < .001) were associated with high-CD3+ GC. There was no difference regarding MSI status, the degree of tumor invasion (pT), the presence of lymph node metastasis, and pTNM stage between low- and high-CD3+ groups. In survival analysis, the high-CD3+ group had better disease-free survival and overall survival rates than had the low-CD3+ group (P = .055 and P = .041, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, total gastrectomy, lymph node metastasis, advanced pT stage, and low CD3+ levels were independent factors related to worse survival. CONCLUSION High CD3+ TILs levels were significantly associated with improved survival and could serve as prognostic biomarkers in GC. In addition, CD3+ T-cell infiltration was related to both EBV-positive and PD-L1-positive GC and may assist in the investigation of targets in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Alessandra Pereira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Cardili
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dyer Rodrigues de Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Roncon Dias
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Jose Szor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Zilberstein
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Venancio Avancini Ferreira Alves
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evandro Sobroza de Mello
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ulysses Ribeiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Miao Y, Feng R, Yu T, Guo R, Zhang M, Wang Y, Hai W, Shangguan C, Zhu Z, Li B. Value of 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT in Early Prediction of Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:213-220. [PMID: 38164574 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This prospective study investigated whether PET parameters from 18F-FDG and 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-04 PET/CT can predict a pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) early in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). Methods: The study included 28 patients with LAGC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT at baseline and after 1 cycle of NAC. PET parameters including SUV and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), as well as the change rate of SUV and TBR, were recorded. Patients were classified as major or minor pathologic responders according to postoperative pathology findings. We compared the PET parameters between the 2 pathologic response groups and different treatment regimens and analyzed their predictive performance for tumor pathologic response. Results: Major pathologic responders had significantly lower 68Ga-FAPI change rates (percentage SUVmax [%SUVmax], percentage SUVpeak [%SUVpeak], and percentage TBR [%TBR]) than minor pathologic responders. Among the PET parameters, 68Ga-FAPI %SUVmax (area under the curve, 0.856; P = 0.009), %SUVpeak (area under the curve, 0.811; P = 0.022), and %TBR (area under the curve, 0.864; P = 0.007) were significant parameters for early prediction of pathologic response to NAC in LAGC; they had the same predictive accuracy of 89.29%, with the thresholds of decrease to at least 52.43%, 60.46%, and 52.96%, respectively. In addition, 68Ga-FAPI %SUVmax and %TBR showed significant differences between the different treatment regimens. Conclusion: In this preliminary study, 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET change rate parameters were preferable to 18F-FDG in predicting pathologic response to NAC at an early stage in LAGC. 68Ga-FAPI %SUVmax and %TBR may be better predictors of therapeutic response between different treatment regimens. These findings may help optimize the treatment for patients with LAGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Miao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Runhua Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Yu
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangxi Hai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengfang Shangguan
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Ruijin Center, Shanghai, China
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Schneider N, Hermann PC, Eiseler T, Seufferlein T. Emerging Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Cancer Research and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:567. [PMID: 38339318 PMCID: PMC10854789 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Discovered in the late eighties, sEVs are small extracellular nanovesicles (30-150 nm diameter) that gained increasing attention due to their profound roles in cancer, immunology, and therapeutic approaches. They were initially described as cellular waste bins; however, in recent years, sEVs have become known as important mediators of intercellular communication. They are secreted from cells in substantial amounts and exert their influence on recipient cells by signaling through cell surface receptors or transferring cargos, such as proteins, RNAs, miRNAs, or lipids. A key role of sEVs in cancer is immune modulation, as well as pro-invasive signaling and formation of pre-metastatic niches. sEVs are ideal biomarker platforms, and can be engineered as drug carriers or anti-cancer vaccines. Thus, sEVs further provide novel avenues for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review will focus on the role of sEVs in GI-oncology and delineate their functions in cancer progression, diagnosis, and therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Schneider
- Department for Internal Medicine 1, University Clinic Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (P.C.H.); (T.S.)
| | | | - Tim Eiseler
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (T.E.); Tel.: +49-731-500-44678 (N.S.); +49-731-500-44523 (T.E.)
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Huan X, Zou K, Zhang P, Ding H, Luo C, Xiang C, Xu S, Zhuang Y, Wu C, Wang Y, Wu X, Chen C, Zhang J, Yao X, Liu F, Liu S, Wu Z. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is linked to an amended anti-tumorigenic microenvironment in gastric cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111352. [PMID: 38091833 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a frequently intervention for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (GC). Nevertheless, its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment remains unclear. METHODS We used immunohistochemistry to identify T-cell subpopulations, tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the GC microenvironment (GCME) among paired samples (pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy) from 48 NAC-treated patients. Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) was performed to assess immune biomarkers, including CK, CD4, CD8, FOXP3, PD1, PD-L1, CD163, CD86, myeloperoxidase and Arginase-1 in paired samples from 6 GC patients whose response to NAC were rigorously defined. RESULTS NAC was intricately linked to enhanced CD8+:CD4+ ratio, reduced CD163+ M2-like macrophages, augmented CD86+ M1: CD163+ M2-like macrophage ratio, and diminished FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (T-regs) and TANs density. Based on mIF, PD1+CD8+T-cells, FOXP3+T-regs, PD-L1+ TANs, and CD163+ M2-like macrophages exhibited marked reduction and greater co-localization with tumor cells following NAC. The pre-NAC FOXP3+ T-regs and CD163+ M2-like macrophages content was substantially elevated in the response cohort, whereas, the post-NAC CD8+:CD4+ and CD86+ M1: CD163+ M2-like macrophage ratios were intricately linked to the tumor pathologic response. We observed greater CD163+ M2-like macrophages and tumor cells co-localization following NAC, which was correlated with tumor pathologic response. Lastly, multivariate analysis revealed that post-NAC CD8+:CD4+ and CD86+ M1: CD163+ M2-like macrophage ratios were stand-alone indicators of positive patient prognosis. CONCLUSIONS NAC converts the GCME to an anti-tumorigenic state that is conducive to enhanced patient outcome. These finding can significantly benefit the future planning of highly efficacious and personalized GC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Huan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Kun Zou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peichan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haihua Ding
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunyang Luo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunjie Xiang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuwen Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Cunen Wu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Che Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xuequan Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Fukun Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shenlin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
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段 婷, 张 震, 施 金, 肖 林, 杨 晶, 殷 丽, 张 小, 耿 志, 陆 国. [High expression of CPNE3 correlates with poor long-term prognosis of gastric cancer by inhibiting cell apoptosis via activating PI3K/AKT signaling]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:129-137. [PMID: 38293984 PMCID: PMC10878892 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.01.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation of CPNE3 expression with long-term prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC) and the possible mechanism. METHODS We retrospectively collected the data of 104 GC patients undergoing radical surgery in our hospital from February, 2013 to October, 2017. TCGA database and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze CPNE3 expression level in GC tissues and its effects on tumor progression and long-term prognosis of the patients. GO analysis was performed to predict the biological role of CPNE3 in GC. We also conducted cell experiments with MGC803 cells and observed the effects of CPNE3 knockdown, CPNE3 overexpression and LY294002 (a PI3K/AKT inhibitor) treatment on cell apoptosis and cellular expressions of apoptotic proteins using flow cytometry and Western blotting. RESULTS TCGA analysis and immunohistochemistry both showed high expressions of CPNE3 in GC (P < 0.05). The patients with high CPNE3 expressions had a reduced 5-year survival (P < 0.01), and a high CPNE3 expression, CEA level≥5 μg/L, CA19-9 level ≥37 kU/L, T3-T4 stage, and N2-N3 stage were all independent risk factors for a lowered 5-year survival rate after surgery. The sensitivity and specificity of CPNE3 for predicting 5-year mortality was 79.59% and 74.55%, respectively (P < 0.05). GO analysis predicted that CPNE3 negatively regulated GC cell apoptosis. In MGC803 cells, CPNE3 knockdown significantly increased cell apoptosis, enhanced Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3 expressions and decreased Bcl-2 expression, while CPNE3 overexpression produced the opposite results (P < 0.05). The cellular expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT were significantly decreased following CPNE3 knockdown and increased following CPNE3 overexpression (P < 0.05). Treatment with LY294002 obviously attenuated the inhibitory effect of CPNE3 overexpression on apoptosis of MGC803 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION CPNE3 is highly expressed in GC tissues and affects the long-term prognosis of the patients possibly by inhibiting GC cell apoptosis through activation of PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- 婷 段
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院急诊内科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 震 张
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院胃肠外科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 金冉 施
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院中心实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 林雨 肖
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院康复科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 晶晶 杨
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院胃肠外科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 丽霞 殷
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院检验科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 小凤 张
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院中心实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 志军 耿
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院中心实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 国玉 陆
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院急诊内科,安徽 蚌埠 233000Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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Li Y, Qiu J, Meng Z, Yin S, Ruan M, Zhang W, Wu Z, Ding T, Huang F, Wang W. MFG-E8 promotes M2 polarization of macrophages and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23917. [PMID: 38192793 PMCID: PMC10772258 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Milk Fat Globule-Epidermal Growth Factor 8 (MFG-E8) has been reported to play an oncogenic role in a variety of tumors. However, its involvement in gastric cancer (GC) development has not been described. Methods The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and the gene expression omnibus database (GEO) databases were used to analyze the expression of MFG-E8 in GC. These findings were further validated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting assay (WB). Kaplan-Meier method, univariate logistic regression, and Christopher Cox regression were used to study the relationship between MFG-E8 and clinical pathology. In addition, the potential signaling pathways involved in MFG-E8 and its potential correlation with levels of immune cell infiltration were investigated. Finally, the biological function of MFG-E8 in GC cells was revealed. Results MFG-E8 was highly expressed in GC patients and cells, and the high level of MFG-E8 was associated with poor overall survival (OS). KEGG analysis indicated that MFG-E8 may play an important role in the cAMP signaling pathway. The expression of MFG-E8 was positively correlated with the infiltration of M2 macrophages. The patients with high MFG-E8 were easy to develop chemotherapy resistance. Furthermore, the knockdown of MFG-E8 significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of GC cells. Conclusion MFG-E8 in GC may serve as a prognostic marker and a potential immunotherapy target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianda Qiu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Meng
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyuan Yin
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxuan Ruan
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbiao Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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