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Ahmed FA, Zia N, Khan SA, Munir T, Mashreky SR, Hashmi M, Al-Ibran E, Rahman AF, Khondoker S, Asif F, Hyder AA, Latif A. Burns in South Asia: Outcomes from South Asian Burn Registry (SABR). Burns 2024; 50:1504-1512. [PMID: 38604825 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Asian region contributes 59 % to the global mortality due to burns. However, we find a paucity of literature on the outcomes of burns from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). South Asian Burn Registry (SABR) is a facility-based burns registry that collected data on in-patient burn care. This study assesses factors associated with mortality, length of hospital stay at the burns center, and functional status of burn patients. METHODS Prospective data was collected from two specialized public sector burn centers between September 2014 - January 2015 from Bangladesh and Pakistan. Multivariable logistic, linear, and ordinal logistic regression was conducted to assess factors associated with inpatient-mortality, length of hospital stay, and functional status at discharge, respectively. RESULTS Data on 883 patients was analyzed. Increased association with mortality was observed with administration of blood product (OR:3, 95 % CI:1.18-7.58) and nutritional support (OR:4.32, 95 % CI:1.55-12.02). Conversely, antibiotic regimens greater than 8 days was associated with decreased mortality (OR:0.1, 95 % CI:0.03-0.41). Associated increase in length of hospital stay was observed in patients with trauma associated with their burn injury, history of seizures (CE:47.93, 95 % CI 12.05-83.80), blood product (CE:22.09, 95 % CI:0.83-43.35) and oxygen administration (CE:23.7, 95 % CI:7.34-40.06). Patients who developed sepsis (OR:6.89, 95 % CI:1.92-24.73) and received blood products during hospitalization (OR:2.55, 95 % CI:1.38- 4.73) were more likely to have poor functional status at discharge. CONCLUSION This study identified multiple factors associated with worse clinical outcomes for burn patients in South Asia. Understanding these parameters can guide targeted efforts to improve the process and quality of burn care in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Ali Ahmed
- Centre for Patient Safety, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nukhba Zia
- Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit (IIRU), Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sameer Ahmad Khan
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tahir Munir
- Department of Anesthesiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Madiha Hashmi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Sazzad Khondoker
- National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fozia Asif
- Centre for Patient Safety, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Adnan A Hyder
- The Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, DC, USA
| | - Asad Latif
- Centre for Patient Safety, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Anesthesiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan; Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Zia N, Mashreky SR, He H, Patel N, Ahmed FA, Hashmi M, Al-Ibran E, Rahman AF, Khondoker S, Hyder AA, Latif A. Factors associated with emergency department disposition among burn injury patients: Analysis of prehospital and emergency care characteristics using South Asia Burn Registry (SABR) data. Burns 2024; 50:874-884. [PMID: 38245393 PMCID: PMC11055681 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improvement in burn injury data collections and the quality of databanks has allowed meaningful study of the epidemiologic trends in burn care. The study assessed factors associated with disposition of burn injury patients from emergency department accounting for pre-hospital care and emergency care. METHODS This prospective observational pilot study of the South Asia Burn Registry project was conducted at selected public sector burn centers in Bangladesh and Pakistan (September 2014 - January 2015). All age groups with an initial presentation to the burn centers were enrolled. Descriptive and regression analysis is presented. RESULTS A total of 2749 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 21.7 ± 18.0 years, 55.3% were males, and about a quarter were children < 5 years. About 46.9% of the females were housewives. Scald burns were common among children (67.6%) while flame burns were common among adults (44.3%). About 75% of patients were brought in via non-ambulance mode of transport. More than 55% of patients were referrals from other facilities or clinics. The most common first aid given pre-hospital was the use of water or oil. About 25% were admitted for further care. The adjusted odds of being admitted compared to being sent home were highest for children < 5 yrs, those with higher total body surface area burnt, having arrived via ambulance, scald and electrical burn, having an associated injury and inhalational injury. CONCLUSION The study provides insight into emergency burn care and associated factors that influenced outcomes for patients with burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nukhba Zia
- Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | - Huan He
- Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nishit Patel
- Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fasih Ali Ahmed
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Madiha Hashmi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Sazzad Khondoker
- National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Adnan A Hyder
- Center on Commercial Determinants of Health and Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Asad Latif
- Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Suzuki DRR, Santana LA, Ávila JEHG, Amorim FF, Modesto GP, Gottems LBD, Maldaner V. Quality indicators for hospital burn care: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:486. [PMID: 38641612 PMCID: PMC11031897 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10980-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn treatments are complex, and for this reason, a specialised multidisciplinary approach is recommended. Evaluating the quality of care provided to acute burn patients through quality indicators makes it possible to develop and implement measures aiming at better results. There is a lack of information on which indicators to evaluate care in burn patients. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify a list of quality indicators used to evaluate the quality of hospital care provided to acute burn patients and indicate possible aspects of care that do not have specific indicators in the literature. METHOD A comprehensive scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) was conducted in four databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Lilacs/VHL) between July 25 and 30, 2022 and redone on October 6, 2022. Potentially relevant articles were evaluated for eligibility. General data and the identified quality indicators were collected for each included article. Each indicator was classified as a structure, process, or outcome indicator. RESULTS A total of 1548 studies were identified, 82 were included, and their reference lists were searched, adding 19 more publications. Thus, data were collected from 101 studies. This review identified eight structure quality indicators, 72 process indicators, and 19 outcome indicators listed and subdivided according to their objectives. CONCLUSION This study obtained a list of quality indicators already used to monitor and evaluate the hospital care of acute burn patients. These indicators may be useful for further research or implementation in quality improvement programs. TRIAL REGISTRATION Protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework platform on June 27, 2022 ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NAW85 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise R Rabelo Suzuki
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências para a Saúde, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ESCS/FEPECS), SMNH Quadra 3 Conjunto A Bloco 01 Edifício Fepecs, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
- Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal (SES-DF), Setor de Rádio e TV Norte (SRTVN) 701, Via W5 Norte, lote D, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
- Unidade de Queimados, Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (HRAN), 3° andar. Setor Médico Hospitalar Norte Q 2, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70710-100, Brazil.
| | - Levy Aniceto Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências para a Saúde, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ESCS/FEPECS), SMNH Quadra 3 Conjunto A Bloco 01 Edifício Fepecs, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal (SES-DF), Setor de Rádio e TV Norte (SRTVN) 701, Via W5 Norte, lote D, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Juliana Elvira H Guerra Ávila
- Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal (SES-DF), Setor de Rádio e TV Norte (SRTVN) 701, Via W5 Norte, lote D, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Unidade de Queimados, Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (HRAN), 3° andar. Setor Médico Hospitalar Norte Q 2, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70710-100, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ferreira Amorim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pacheco Modesto
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano e Reabilitação, Universidade Evangélica de Goiás, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Universitária, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Leila Bernarda Donato Gottems
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências para a Saúde, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ESCS/FEPECS), SMNH Quadra 3 Conjunto A Bloco 01 Edifício Fepecs, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal (SES-DF), Setor de Rádio e TV Norte (SRTVN) 701, Via W5 Norte, lote D, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Maldaner
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano e Reabilitação, Universidade Evangélica de Goiás, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Universitária, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
- Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Ceilândia Sul Campus Universitário, Centro Metropolitano, Ceilândia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Bebbington E, Kakola M, Nagaraj S, Guruswamy S, McPhillips R, Majgi SM, Rajendra R, Krishna M, Poole R, Robinson C. Development of an electronic burns register: Digitisation of routinely collected hospital data for global burns surveillance. Burns 2024; 50:395-404. [PMID: 38172021 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burn registers provide important data that can track injury trends and evaluate services. Burn registers are concentrated in high-income countries, but most burn injuries occur in low- and middle-income countries where surveillance data are limited. Injury surveillance guidance recommends utilisation of existing routinely collected data where data quality is adequate, but there is a lack of guidance on how to achieve this. Our aim was to develop a rigorous and reproducible method to establish an electronic burn register from existing routinely collected data that can be implemented in low resource settings. METHODS Data quality of handwritten routinely collected records (register books) from a tertiary government hospital burn unit in Mysore, India was assessed prior to digitisation. Process mapping was conducted for burn patient presentations. Register and casualty records were compared to assess the case ascertainment rate. Register books from February 2016 to February 2022 were scanned and anonymised. Scans were quality checked and stored securely. An online data entry form was developed. All data underwent double verification. RESULTS Process mapping suggested data were reliable, and case ascertainment was 95%. 1930 presentations were recorded in the registers, representing 0.84% of hospital all-cause admissions. 388 pages were scanned with 4.4% requiring rescanning due to quality problems. Two-step verification estimated there to be errors remaining in 0.06% of fields following data entry. CONCLUSION We have described, using the example of a newly established electronic register in India, methods to assess the suitability and reliability of existing routinely collected data for surveillance purposes, to digitise handwritten data, and to quantify error during the digitisation process. The methods are likely to be of particular interest to burn units in countries with no active national burns register. We strongly recommend mobilisation of resources for digitisation of existing high quality routinely collected data as an important step towards developing burn surveillance systems in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bebbington
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, UK.
| | - Mohan Kakola
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, KR hospital, Irwin Road, Mysuru, Karnataka 570001, India
| | - Santhosh Nagaraj
- South Asia Self-harm Initiative, JSS Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, Karnataka 570004, India
| | - Sathish Guruswamy
- South Asia Self-harm Initiative, JSS Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, Karnataka 570004, India
| | - Rebecca McPhillips
- Social Care and Society, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Ellen Wilkinson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sumanth Mallikarjuna Majgi
- Department of Community Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570001, India
| | - Rajagopal Rajendra
- Department of Psychiatry, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570001, India
| | - Murali Krishna
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, UK
| | - Rob Poole
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, UK
| | - Catherine Robinson
- Social Care and Society, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Ellen Wilkinson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Gus E, Zhu J, Sathiyamoorthy T, Zuccaro J, Fish J. Burn data management and usage across Canada. Burns 2024; 50:275-281. [PMID: 37827939 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While some countries collect burn clinical data as part of nonspecific trauma datasets, others have developed burn registries allowing for benchmarking of outcome and quality-of-care data. The objectives of this project are to characterize the current state of burn clinical data collection and analysis in Canada, and to explore the interest of Canadian burn centers in contributing to a nation-wide burn registry. METHODS A 23-item mixed methods survey was created and delivered via REDCap® to burn directors of 22 burn centers across Canada. Quantitative items were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, and thematic analysis was used to explore qualitative data. RESULTS Sixteen (72 %) complete survey responses were received. All respondent units collect burn clinical data. Data are largely collected for quality improvement (69 %) and clinical research (50 %) purposes. Half of the institutions did not analyze their data, and a majority (67 %) did not benchmark their data against other datasets. The majority of respondents (93 %) demonstrated interest in contributing to a Canada-wide burn registry. CONCLUSION Although all respondent units are currently collecting burn clinical data, there is an opportunity to improve data analysis, benchmarking, and knowledge translation. Most centers demonstrated interest in contributing to a novel Canadian burn registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Gus
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Room 5408, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, 5th floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada.
| | - Jane Zhu
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Thrmiga Sathiyamoorthy
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zuccaro
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Room 5408, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Joel Fish
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Room 5408, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, 5th floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
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Bebbington E, Ramesh P, Kakola M, McPhillips R, Bibi F, Hanif A, Morris N, Khan M, Poole R, Robinson C. Terminology and methods used to differentiate injury intent of hospital burn patients in South Asia: a systematic scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2023; 12:153. [PMID: 37653528 PMCID: PMC10468849 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The greatest proportion of burn injuries globally occur in South Asia, where there are also high numbers of intentional burns. Burn injury prevention efforts are hampered by poor surveillance data on injury intent. There is a plethora of local routinely collected data in the research literature from South Asia that could be used for epidemiological purposes, but it is not known whether the definitions and methods of differentiation of injury intent are sufficiently homogenous to allow valid study comparisons. METHODS We will conduct a systematic scoping review to understand terminology and methods used to differentiate injury intent of hospital burn patients in South Asia. The objectives of the study are to: determine the breadth of terminology and common terms used for burn injury intent; to determine if definitions are comparable across studies where the same term is used; and to appraise the rigour of methods used to differentiate burn injury intent and suitability for comparison across studies. The databases Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PakMediNet will be searched. Screening and data extraction will be completed independently by two reviewers. To be included, the article must be as follows: peer reviewed, primary research, study cutaneous burns, based on hospital patients from a country in South Asia, and use intent terminology or discuss a method of differentiation of injury intent. Results will be restricted to English language studies. No date restrictions will be applied. A plain language summary and terminology section are included for non-specialist readers. DISCUSSION Results will be used to inform stakeholder work to develop standardised terminology and methods for burn injury intent in South Asia. They will be published open access in peer-reviewed journals wherever possible. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This review has been registered with the Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/DCYNQ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bebbington
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL13 7YP, UK.
| | - Parvathy Ramesh
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mohan Kakola
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Rebecca McPhillips
- Social Care and Society, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Nia Morris
- John Spalding Library, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, UK
| | - Murad Khan
- Brain and Mind Institute, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rob Poole
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL13 7YP, UK
| | - Catherine Robinson
- Social Care and Society, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Bajwa MS, Sohail M, Ali H, Nazir U, Bashir MM. Predicting Thermal Injury Patient Outcomes in a Tertiary-Care Burn Center, Pakistan. J Surg Res 2022; 279:575-585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gus E, Brooks S, Multani I, Zhu J, Zuccaro J, Singer Y. Burn Registries State of Affairs: A Scoping review. J Burn Care Res 2022; 43:1002-1014. [PMID: 35766390 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Registry science allows for the interpretation of disease-specific patient data from secondary databases. It can be utilized to understand disease and injury, answer research questions, and engender benchmarking of quality-of-care indicators. Numerous burn registries exist globally, however, their contributions to burn care have not been summarized. The objective of this study is to characterize the available literature on burn registries. The authors conducted a scoping review, having registered the protocol a priori. A thorough search of the English literature, including grey literature, was carried out. Publications of all study designs were eligible for inclusion provided they utilized, analyzed, and/or critiqued data from a burn registry. Three hundred twenty studies were included, encompassing 16 existing burn registries. The most frequently used registries for peer-reviewed publications were the American Burn Association Burn Registry, Burn Model System National Database, and the Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand. The main limitations of existing registries are the inclusion of patients admitted to burn centers only, deficient capture of outpatient and long-term outcome data, lack of data standardization across registries, and the paucity of studies on burn prevention and quality improvement methodology. Registries are an invaluable source of information for research, delivery of care planning, and benchmarking of processes and outcomes. Efforts should be made to stimulate other jurisdictions to build burn registries and for existing registries to be improved through data linkage with administrative databases, and by standardizing one international minimum dataset, in order to maximize the potential of registry science in burn care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Gus
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephanie Brooks
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jane Zhu
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zuccaro
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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