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Sun W, Wang Z, Wen S, Huang A, Li H, Jiang L, Feng Q, Fan D, Tian Q, Han D, Liu X. Technical strategy for monozygotic twin discrimination by single-nucleotide variants. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:767-779. [PMID: 38197923 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Monozygotic (MZ) twins are theoretically genetically identical. Although they are revealed to accumulate mutations after the zygote splits, discriminating between twin genomes remains a formidable challenge in the field of forensic genetics. Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) are responsible for a substantial portion of genetic variation, thus potentially serving as promising biomarkers for the identification of MZ twins. In this study, we sequenced the whole genome of a pair of female MZ twins when they were 27 and 33 years old to approximately 30 × coverage using peripheral blood on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing System. Potentially discordant SNVs supported by whole-genome sequencing were validated extensively by amplicon-based targeted deep sequencing and Sanger sequencing. In total, we found nine bona fide post-twinning SNVs, all of which were identified in the younger genomes and found in the older genomes. None of the SNVs occurred within coding exons, three of which were observed in introns, supported by whole-exome sequencing results. A double-blind test was employed, and the reliability of MZ twin discrimination by discordant SNVs was endorsed. All SNVs were successfully detected when input DNA amounts decreased to 0.25 ng, and reliable detection was limited to seven SNVs below 0.075 ng input. This comprehensive analysis confirms that SNVs could serve as cost-effective biomarkers for MZ twin discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifen Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
- Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shubo Wen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
- Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
- Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Qi Feng
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Danlin Fan
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qilin Tian
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Dingding Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiling Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China.
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Kreger J, Mooney JA, Shibata D, MacLean AL. Developmental hematopoietic stem cell variation explains clonal hematopoiesis later in life. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.02.583106. [PMID: 38496542 PMCID: PMC10942294 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.02.583106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis becomes increasingly common with age, but its cause is enigmatic because driver mutations are often absent. Serial observations infer weak selection indicating variants are acquired much earlier in life with unexplained initial growth spurts. Here we use fluctuating CpG methylation as a lineage marker to track stem cell clonal dynamics of hematopoiesis. We show, via the shared prenatal circulation of monozygotic twins, that weak selection conferred by stem cell variation created before birth can reliably yield clonal hematopoiesis later in life. Theory indicates weak selection will lead to dominance given enough time and large enough population sizes. Human hematopoiesis satisfies both these conditions. Stochastic loss of weakly selected variants is naturally prevented by the expansion of stem cell lineages during development. The dominance of stem cell clones created before birth is supported by blood fluctuating CpG methylation patterns that exhibit low correlation between unrelated individuals but are highly correlated between many elderly monozygotic twins. Therefore, clonal hematopoiesis driven by weak selection in later life appears to reflect variation created before birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Kreger
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jazlyn A. Mooney
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Darryl Shibata
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam L. MacLean
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sun H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Insulin-like growth factor 2 hypermethylation in peripheral blood leukocytes and colorectal cancer risk and prognosis: a propensity score analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:971435. [PMID: 37213278 PMCID: PMC10198613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.971435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To comprehensively assess and validate the associations between insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and prognosis. Methods The association between IGF2 methylation in PBLs and CRC risk was initially evaluated in a case-control study and then validated in a nested case-control study and a twins' case-control study, respectively. Meanwhile, an initial CRC patient cohort was used to assess the effect of IGF2 methylation on CRC prognosis and then the finding was validated in the EPIC-Italy CRC cohort and TCGA datasets. A propensity score (PS) analysis was performed to control for confounders, and extensive sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of our findings. Results PBL IGF2 hypermethylation was associated with an increased risk of CRC in the initial study (ORPS-adjusted, 2.57, 95% CI: 1.65 to 4.03, P<0.0001), and this association was validated using two independent external datasets (ORPS-adjusted, 2.21, 95% CI: 1.28 to 3.81, P=0.0042 and ORPS-adjusted, 10.65, 95% CI: 1.26 to 89.71, P=0.0295, respectively). CRC patients with IGF2 hypermethylation in PBLs had significantly improved overall survival compared to those patients with IGF2 hypomethylation (HRPS-adjusted, 0.47, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.76, P=0.0019). The prognostic signature was also observed in the EPIC-Italy CRC cohort, although the HR did not reach statistical significance (HRPS-adjusted, 0.69, 95% CI: 0.37 to 1.27, P=0.2359). Conclusions IGF2 hypermethylation may serve as a potential blood-based predictive biomarker for the identification of individuals at high risk of developing CRC and for CRC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongRu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - YanLong Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - YuXue Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Microbiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yibaina Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - YaShuang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - YuPeng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: YuPeng Liu,
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Guo L, Wang W, Song W, Cao H, Tian H, Wang Z, Ren J, Ning F, Zhang D, Duan H. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of middle-aged and elderly monozygotic twins with age-related hearing loss in Qingdao, China. Gene 2022; 849:146918. [PMID: 36179964 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the differences in DNA methylation associated with age-related hearing loss in a study of 57 twin pairs from China. DESIGN Monozygotic twins were identified through the Qingdao Twin Registration system. The median age of participants was >50 years. Their hearing thresholds were measured using a multilevel pure-tone audiometry assessment. The pure-tone audiometry was calculated at low frequencies (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz), speech frequencies (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0kHz), and high frequencies (4.0 and 8 kHz). The CpG sites were tested using a linear mixed-effects model, and the function of the cis-regulatory regions and ontological enrichments were predicted using the online Genomic Regions Enrichment of Annotations Tool. The differentially methylated regions were identified using a comb-p python library approach. RESULTS In each of the PTA categories (low-, speech-, high-frequency), age-related hearing loss was detected in 25.9%, 19.3%, and 52.8% of participants. In the low-, speech- and high-frequency categories we identified 18, 42, and 12 individual CpG sites and 6, 11, and 6 differentially methylated regions. The CpG site located near DUSP4 had the strongest association with low- and speech-frequency, while the strongest association with high-frequency was near C21orf58. We identified associations of ALG10 with high-frequency hearing, C3 and LCK with low- and speech-frequency hearing, and GBX2 with low-frequency hearing. Top pathways that may be related to hearing, such as the Notch signaling pathway, were also identified. CONCLUSION Our study is the first of its kind to identify these genes and their associated with DNA methylation may play essential roles in the hearing process. The results of our epigenome-wide association study on twins clarify the complex mechanisms underlying age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longzi Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanxue Song
- Qingdao Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Hainan Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaoguo Wang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Jifeng Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Feng Ning
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiping Duan
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China.
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Bi Y, Wei H, Nian H, Liu R, Ji W, Liu H, Bao J. Socializing Models During Lactation Alter Colonic Mucosal Gene Expression and Fecal Microbiota of Growing Piglets. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:819011. [PMID: 35875524 PMCID: PMC9301273 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.819011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The enrichment of the social environment during lactation alleviates the stress of weaned piglets. It is significant to understand how the enriched social environment improves the weaning stress of piglets. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of colonic mucosa, 16S rRNA sequencing of feces, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) of colonic content were used to determine the effects of social contact during lactation. In this study, thirty litter lactating piglets were divided into intermittent social contact (ISC) group that contacted with neighbors intermittently, continuous social contact (CSC) group that contacted with neighbors starting at day (D) 14 after birth, and control (CON) group in which piglets were kept in their original litter. The piglets were weaned at D35 and regrouped at D36. The colonic mucosal RNA-seq, fecal microbes, and SCFAs of colonic contents of 63-day-old piglets were analyzed. The results of RNA-seq showed that compared with the CON group, the pathways of digestion and absorption of minerals, protein, and vitamins of piglets were changed in the ISC group, whereas the pathways of retinol metabolism and nitrogen metabolism in the colonic mucosal were affected and stimulated the immune response in the CSC group. Compared with the CON group, the abundances of pernicious microorganisms (Desulfovibrio, Pseudomonas, Brevundimonas, etc.) in the CSC group and pernicious microorganisms (Desulfovibrio, Neisseria, Sutterella, etc.) and beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium, Megamonas, and Prevotella_9) in the ISC group were significantly higher (p < 0.05). The abundances of proinflammatory bacteria (Coriobacteriaceae_unclassified, Coprococcus_3, and Ruminococcus_2) in the CSC group were significantly increased (p < 0.05), but the abundances of SCFAs producing bacteria (Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010, Parabacteroides, Anaerotruncus, etc.) and those of anti-inflammatory bacteria (Eubacterium, Parabacteroides, Ruminiclostridium_9, and Alloprevotella) were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the CSC group. Compared with the CON group, the concentrations of microbial metabolites, acetate, and propionate in the colonic contents were reduced (p < 0.05) in the ISC group, whereas the concentration of acetate was reduced (p < 0.05) in the CSC group. Therefore, both ISC and CSC during lactation affected the composition of fecal microbes and changed the expression of intestinal mucosal genes related to nutrient metabolism and absorption of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Haidong Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Haoyang Nian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Runze Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbo Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Honggui Liu
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- Jun Bao
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6
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Schamschula E, Lahnsteiner A, Assenov Y, Hagmann W, Zaborsky N, Wiederstein M, Strobl A, Stanke F, Muley T, Plass C, Tümmler B, Risch A. Disease-related blood-based differential methylation in cystic fibrosis and its representation in lung cancer revealed a regulatory locus in PKP3 in lung epithelial cells. Epigenetics 2021; 17:837-860. [PMID: 34415821 PMCID: PMC9423854 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1959976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disease, characterized by massive chronic lung inflammation. The observed variability in clinical phenotypes in monozygotic CF twins is likely associated with the extent of inflammation. This study sought to investigate inflammation-related aberrant DNA methylation in CF twins and to determine to what extent acquired methylation changes may be associated with lung cancer. Blood-based genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed to compare the DNA methylomes of monozygotic twins, from the European CF Twin and Sibling Study with various degrees of disease severity. Putatively inflammation-related and differentially methylated positions were selected from a large lung cancer case-control study and investigated in blood by targeted bisulphite next-generation-sequencing. An inflammation-related locus located in the Plakophilin-3 (PKP3) gene was functionally analysed regarding promoter and enhancer activity in presence and absence of methylation using luciferase reporter assays. We confirmed in a unique cohort that monozygotic twins, even if clinically discordant, have only minor differences in global DNA methylation patterns and blood cell composition. Further, we determined the most differentially methylated positions, a high proportion of which are blood cell-type-specific, whereas others may be acquired and thus have potential relevance in the context of inflammation as lung cancer risk factors. We identified a sequence in the gene body of PKP3 which is hypermethylated in blood from CF twins with severe phenotype and highly variably methylated in lung cancer patients and controls, independent of known clinical parameters, and showed that this region exhibits methylation-dependent promoter activity in lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yassen Assenov
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hagmann
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadja Zaborsky
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Anna Strobl
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Frauke Stanke
- Clinical Research Group, Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and NeonatologyClinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tümmler
- Clinical Research Group, Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and NeonatologyClinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Hakobyan S, Loeffler-Wirth H, Arakelyan A, Binder H, Kunz M. A Transcriptome-Wide Isoform Landscape of Melanocytic Nevi and Primary Melanomas Identifies Gene Isoforms Associated with Malignancy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137165. [PMID: 34281234 PMCID: PMC8268681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic splice variants have become of central interest in recent years, as they play an important role in different cancers. Little is known about splice variants in melanoma. Here, we analyzed a genome-wide transcriptomic dataset of benign melanocytic nevi and primary melanomas (n = 80) for the expression of specific splice variants. Using kallisto, a map for differentially expressed splice variants in melanoma vs. benign melanocytic nevi was generated. Among the top genes with differentially expressed splice variants were Ras-related in brain 6B (RAB6B), a member of the RAS family of GTPases, Macrophage Scavenger Receptor 1 (MSR1), Collagen Type XI Alpha 2 Chain (COLL11A2), and LY6/PLAUR Domain Containing 1 (LYPD1). The Gene Ontology terms of differentially expressed splice variants showed no enrichment for functional gene sets of melanoma vs. nevus lesions, but between type 1 (pigmentation type) and type 2 (immune response type) melanocytic lesions. A number of genes such as Checkpoint Kinase 1 (CHEK1) showed an association of mutational patterns and occurrence of splice variants in melanoma. Moreover, mutations in genes of the splicing machinery were common in both benign nevi and melanomas, suggesting a common mechanism starting early in melanoma development. Mutations in some of these genes of the splicing machinery, such as Serine and Arginine Rich Splicing Factor A3 and B3 (SF3A3, SF3B3), were significantly enriched in melanomas as compared to benign nevi. Taken together, a map of splice variants in melanoma is presented that shows a multitude of differentially expressed splice genes between benign nevi and primary melanomas. The underlying mechanisms may involve mutations in genes of the splicing machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siras Hakobyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (S.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Henry Loeffler-Wirth
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (H.L.-W.); (H.B.)
| | - Arsen Arakelyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (S.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Hans Binder
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (H.L.-W.); (H.B.)
| | - Manfred Kunz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-9718610; Fax: +49-341-9718609
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8
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Wu J, Lin D, Jiu L, Liu Q, Gu Z, Luo J, Zhao Y. Exploring epigenetic biomarkers of universal specificities and commonalities among pan-cancer cohorts in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Epigenomics 2021; 13:599-612. [PMID: 33787302 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the mechanism of cancer by employing a comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation patterns and variations among pan-cancer cohorts. Materials & methods: This research focused on the discovery of universally specific or common biomarkers by mathematical statistics and machine learning methods in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results: We found 138 differently methylated CpGs (DMCs) with a common methylation trend and eight common differently methylated regions in different cancer cohorts. Additionally, we found 99 DMCs to distinguish 32 different cancer cohorts in random forest analysis because of the specificity mechanism, but each DMC still had high instability. Conclusion: Our results could facilitate the development of biomarkers that are universally specific and common features across pan-cancer cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.,Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Deng Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liandi Jiu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Junjie Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition & Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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9
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Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression profiles identified potential breast cancer-specific diagnostic markers. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:224161. [PMID: 32412047 PMCID: PMC7263199 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor among women whose prognosis is largely determined by the period and accuracy of diagnosis. We here propose to identify a robust DNA methylation-based breast cancer-specific diagnostic signature. Genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of breast cancer patients along with their adjacent normal tissues from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were obtained as the training set. CpGs that with significantly elevated methylation level in breast cancer than not only their adjacent normal tissues and the other ten common cancers from TCGA but also the healthy breast tissues from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were finally remained for logistic regression analysis. Another independent breast cancer DNA methylation dataset from GEO was used as the testing set. Lots of CpGs were hyper-methylated in breast cancer samples compared with adjacent normal tissues, which tend to be negatively correlated with gene expressions. Eight CpGs located at RIIAD1, ENPP2, ESPN, and ETS1, were finally retained. The diagnostic model was reliable in separating BRCA from normal samples. Besides, chromatin accessibility status of RIIAD1, ENPP2, ESPN and ETS1 showed great differences between MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. In conclusion, the present study should be helpful for breast cancer early and accurate diagnosis.
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10
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Wang SC, Liao LM, Ansar M, Lin SY, Hsu WW, Su CM, Chung YM, Liu CC, Hung CS, Lin RK. Automatic Detection of the Circulating Cell-Free Methylated DNA Pattern of GCM2, ITPRIPL1 and CCDC181 for Detection of Early Breast Cancer and Surgical Treatment Response. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061375. [PMID: 33803633 PMCID: PMC8002961 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The early detection of cancer can reduce cancer-related mortality. There is no clinically useful noninvasive biomarker for early detection of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to develop accurate and precise early detection biomarkers and a dynamic monitoring system following treatment. We analyzed a genome-wide methylation array in Taiwanese and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer (BC) patients. Most breast cancer-specific circulating methylated CCDC181, GCM2 and ITPRIPL1 biomarkers were found in the plasma. An automatic analysis process of methylated ccfDNA was established. A combined analysis of CCDC181, GCM2 and ITPRIPL1 (CGIm) was performed in R using Recursive Partitioning and Regression Trees to establish a new prediction model. Combined analysis of CCDC181, GCM2 and ITPRIPL1 (CGIm) was found to have a sensitivity level of 97% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.955 in the training set, and a sensitivity level of 100% and an AUC of 0.961 in the test set. The circulating methylated CCDC181, GCM2 and ITPRIPL1 was also significantly decreased after surgery (all p < 0.001). The aberrant methylation patterns of the CCDC181, GCM2 and ITPRIPL1 genes means that they are potential biomarkers for the detection of early BC and can be combined with breast imaging data to achieve higher accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, facilitating breast cancer detection. They may also be applied to monitor the surgical treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chao Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Min Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, No.291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (L.-M.L.); (C.-M.S.)
| | - Muhamad Ansar
- Ph.D. Program in the Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Yun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Wen Hsu
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Kansas State University, 101 Dickens Hall, 1116 Mid-Campus Drive N, Manhattan, KS 66506-0802, USA;
| | - Chih-Ming Su
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, No.291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (L.-M.L.); (C.-M.S.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Chung
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Cai-Cing Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Sheng Hung
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, No.291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (L.-M.L.); (C.-M.S.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-S.H.); (R.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-970-405-127 (C.-S.H.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6162) (R.-K.L.)
| | - Ruo-Kai Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in the Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Clinical trial center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-S.H.); (R.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-970-405-127 (C.-S.H.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6162) (R.-K.L.)
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11
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Klutstein M. Cause and effect in epigenetics - where lies the truth, and how can experiments reveal it?: Epigenetic self-reinforcing loops obscure causation in cancer and aging. Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000262. [PMID: 33236359 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes are implicated in aging and cancer. Sometimes, it is clear whether the causing agent of the condition is a genetic factor or epigenetic. In other cases, the causative factor is unclear, and could be either genetic or epigenetic. Is there a general role for epigenetic changes in cancer and aging? Here, I present the paradigm of causative roles executed by epigenetic changes. I discuss cases with clear roles of the epigenome in cancer and aging, and other cases showing involvement of other factors. I also present the possibility that sometimes causality is difficult to assign because of the presence of self-reinforcing loops in epigenetic regulation. Such loops hinder the identification of the causative factor. I provide an experimental framework by which the role of the epigenome can be examined in a better setting and where the presence of such loops could be investigated in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Klutstein
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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12
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Xu Y, Doonan SR, Ordog T, Bailey RC. Translational Opportunities for Microfluidic Technologies to Enable Precision Epigenomics. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7989-7997. [PMID: 32496751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Personalizing health care by taking genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors into account is central to modern medicine. The crucial and pervasive roles epigenetic factors play in shaping gene-environment interactions are now well recognized. However, identifying robust epigenetic biomarkers and translating them to clinical tests has been difficult due in part to limitations of available platforms to detect epigenetic features genome-wide (epigenomic assays). This Feature introduces several important prospects for precision epigenomics, highlights capabilities and limitations of current laboratory technologies, and emphasizes opportunities for microfluidic tools to facilitate translation of epigenetic analyses to the clinic, with a particular focus on methods to profile gene-associated histone modifications and their impacts on chromatin structure and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Steven R Doonan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Tamas Ordog
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Ryan C Bailey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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13
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Ouyang X, Wang Z, Yao L, Zhang G. Elevated CELSR3 expression is associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and poor prognosis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1083-1092. [PMID: 32724347 PMCID: PMC7377182 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3 (CELSR3) has been reported to exhibit a cancer-specific pattern. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical value and functional role of CELSR3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and determine the underlying molecular mechanism in patients with HCC. CELSR3 expression in tumor and paracancerous HCC tissues was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Differential expression analysis was performed using the edgeR package. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between methylation and mRNA levels of CELSR3. Pathways affected by aberrant CELSR3 expression were identified through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. The results demonstrated that CELSR3 was highly expressed in the early stage of cancer and was present throughout the entire cancer process, which suggested that CELSR3 may serve a key role in the carcinogenesis of HCC. In addition, upregulation of CELSR3 was associated with its methylation level; high CELSR3 expression indicated a shorter overall survival time. Multiple candidate genes were screened by integrating differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and target genes of DE microRNAs (miRs). Subsequent pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the upregulated genes were predominantly enriched in the ‘Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction’ and ‘Cell cycle’ pathways, whereas the downregulated genes were primarily enriched in ‘Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction’ and ‘Metabolic pathways’. CELSR3 and its connected nodes and edges were initially removed from the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in order to prevent bias and compared with the network containing CELSR3 alone. The frequently dysregulated miRNAs were identified as miR-181 family members, and the results suggested that miR-181 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway influenced CELSR3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwu Ouyang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Gewen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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14
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Zang R, Wang X, Jin R, Lei Y, Huang J, Liu C, Zheng S, Zhou F, Wu Q, Sun N, Gao S, He J. Translational value of IDH1 and DNA methylation biomarkers in diagnosing lung cancers: a novel diagnostic panel of stage and histology-specificity. J Transl Med 2019; 17:430. [PMID: 31888670 PMCID: PMC6936123 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the timely and serial assessment of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in high-risk populations remains a challenge. Furthermore, testing a single biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancers is of relatively low effectiveness. Thus, a stronger diagnostic combination of blood biomarkers is needed to improve the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The blood levels of individual biomarkers [IDH1, DNA methylation of short stature homeobox 2 gene (SHOX2), and prostaglandin E receptor 4 gene (PTGER4)] were measured and statistically analyzed in samples from healthy controls and patients with lung cancer. In total, 221 candidates were enrolled and randomly assigned into two groups for the training and validation of a diagnostic panel. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was performed in the whole cohort. Results A newly combined 3-marker diagnostic model for lung cancers was established and validated with area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.835 to 0.905 in independent groups showing significantly stronger diagnostic value compared with a single tested biomarker. The sensitivity of the diagnostic model was as high as 86.1% and 80.0% in the training and validation sets, respectively. Although no apparent differences were found between the 3-marker and 2-marker models, the high clinical T-stage and histological type specificity of IDH1 and two other methylated DNA biomarkers were demonstrated in the subgroup analysis. Conclusions The combination of single biomarkers with high stage-specificity and histological type specificity (SHOX2 and PTGER4 DNA methylation and IDH1) showed better diagnostic performance in the detection of lung cancers compared with single marker assessment. A greater clinical utility of the panel may be developed by adding demographic/epidemiologic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochuan Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Runsen Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jianbing Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chengming Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Sufei Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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15
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Bartlett AH, Liang JW, Sandoval-Sierra JV, Fowke JH, Simonsick EM, Johnson KC, Mozhui K. Longitudinal study of leukocyte DNA methylation and biomarkers for cancer risk in older adults. Biomark Res 2019; 7:10. [PMID: 31149338 PMCID: PMC6537435 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-019-0161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in DNA methylation over the course of life may provide an indicator of risk for cancer. We explored longitudinal changes in CpG methylation from blood leukocytes, and likelihood of future cancer diagnosis. Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained at baseline and at follow-up visit from 20 participants in the Health, Aging and Body Composition prospective cohort study. Genome-wide CpG methylation was assayed using the Illumina Infinium Human MethylationEPIC (HM850K) microarray. Results Global patterns in DNA methylation from CpG-based analyses showed extensive changes in cell composition over time in participants who developed cancer. By visit year 6, the proportion of CD8+ T-cells decreased (p-value = 0.02), while granulocytes cell levels increased (p-value = 0.04) among participants diagnosed with cancer compared to those who remained cancer-free (cancer-free vs. cancer-present: 0.03 ± 0.02 vs. 0.003 ± 0.005 for CD8+ T-cells; 0.52 ± 0.14 vs. 0.66 ± 0.09 for granulocytes). Epigenome-wide analysis identified three CpGs with suggestive p-values ≤10− 5 for differential methylation between cancer-free and cancer-present groups, including a CpG located in MTA3, a gene linked with metastasis. At a lenient statistical threshold (p-value ≤3 × 10− 5), the top 10 cancer-associated CpGs included a site near RPTOR that is involved in the mTOR pathway, and the candidate tumor suppressor genes REC8, KCNQ1, and ZSWIM5. However, only the CpG in RPTOR (cg08129331) was replicated in an independent data set. Analysis of within-individual change from baseline to Year 6 found significant correlations between the rates of change in methylation in RPTOR, REC8 and ZSWIM5, and time to cancer diagnosis. Conclusion The results show that changes in cellular composition explains much of the cross-sectional and longitudinal variation in CpG methylation. Additionally, differential methylation and longitudinal dynamics at specific CpGs could provide powerful indicators of cancer development and/or progression. In particular, we highlight CpG methylation in the RPTOR gene as a potential biomarker of cancer that awaits further validation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40364-019-0161-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H Bartlett
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Jane W Liang
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | | | - Jay H Fowke
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- 2Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Karen C Johnson
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
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16
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HMGB1 contributes to SASH1 methylation to attenuate astrocyte adhesion. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:417. [PMID: 31138780 PMCID: PMC6538612 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 (SASH1), a scaffold protein, is regarded as a tumor suppressor. Recent studies have verified the decreased expression of SASH1 in many tumors. Our previous clinical investigation found that SASH1 was widely expressed in normal brain tissues but reduced or absent in glioma tissues. However, the functions of SASH1 in normal astrocytes and the reasons for the reductions in SASH1 levels in glioma tissues are unclear. In this study, we found that in astrocytes, SASH1 functions in cell adhesion. We observed that knockdown of SASH1 expression in cultured astrocytes significantly decreased cell adhesion and increased invasion. Conversely, overexpression of SASH1 in C6 cells markedly promoted cell adhesion and decreased cell invasion. In addition, we found that the expression level of one member of the integrin family, integrin β8, was significantly reduced in SASH1-downregulated astrocytes and elevated in SASH1-upregulated C6 cells. Furthermore, the results of methylation and ChIP assays showed that the methylation level of the SASH1 gene was markedly higher in C6 cells than in astrocytes and that HMGB1 could bind to the CpG islands of the SASH1 gene. HMGB1 overexpression in astrocytes significantly increased the methylation level of the SASH1 gene. This study reveals, for the first time, that HMGB1 contributes to the methylation of the SASH1 gene, and our findings suggest that methylation downregulates the expression of the SASH1 gene and later reduces integrin β8 expression, thereby reducing cell adhesion and promoting cell migration.
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17
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Meng Y, Lin T, Liang S, Gao R, Jiang H, Shao W, Yang F, Zhou X. Value of DNA methylation in predicting curve progression in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:489-496. [PMID: 30241917 PMCID: PMC6197569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable discordance in the curve progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients between monozygotic (MZ) twins, indicating that nongenetic factors must be involved in the curve progression of AIS patients. Epigenetic processes may constitute one of these factors and have not yet been investigated in relation to curve progression in AIS patients. METHODS The genome and methylome of peripheral monocytes were compared between MZ twins discordant for curve progression. Sets of differentially methylated sites were validated using the MassARRAY platform of Sequenome on additional samples. RESULTS In the discovery study, we found evidence suggesting a lack of differences at the genome sequence level and the presence of epigenetic differences related to the curve progression of AIS patients. The top 4 differentially methylated CpG sites associated with curve severity were tested, and only site cg01374129 (CpG site located at chr8:122583383, Hg19) was confirmed in two replication cohorts. The methylation levels of site cg01374129 were significantly lower in the progression group than in the nonprogression group. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that hypo-methylation of site cg01374129 was an independent prognostic factor for curve severity. Site cg01374129 methylation as a marker achieved a sensitivity of 76.4% and a specificity of 85.6% in differentiating between samples from patients with and without curve progression (AUC = 0.827; 95% CI: 0.780 to 0.876). CONCLUSION Increased curvature is associated with decreased methylation at site cg01374129. Our results indicate that methylation of site cg01374129 may therefore serve as a promising biomarker in differing between patients with and without curve progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulun Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China; Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering (14DZ2272300), People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China.
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Vidaki A, Kalamara V, Carnero-Montoro E, Spector TD, Bell JT, Kayser M. Investigating the Epigenetic Discrimination of Identical Twins Using Buccal Swabs, Saliva, and Cigarette Butts in the Forensic Setting. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E252. [PMID: 29758014 PMCID: PMC5977192 DOI: 10.3390/genes9050252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Monozygotic (MZ) twins are typically indistinguishable via forensic DNA profiling. Recently, we demonstrated that epigenetic differentiation of MZ twins is feasible; however, proportions of twin differentially methylated CpG sites (tDMSs) identified in reference-type blood DNA were not replicated in trace-type blood DNA. Here we investigated buccal swabs as typical forensic reference material, and saliva and cigarette butts as commonly encountered forensic trace materials. As an analog to a forensic case, we analyzed one MZ twin pair. Epigenome-wide microarray analysis in reference-type buccal DNA revealed 25 candidate tDMSs with >0.5 twin-to-twin differences. MethyLight quantitative PCR (qPCR) of 22 selected tDMSs in trace-type DNA revealed in saliva DNA that six tDMSs (27.3%) had >0.1 twin-to-twin differences, seven (31.8%) had smaller (<0.1) but robustly detected differences, whereas for nine (40.9%) the differences were in the opposite direction relative to the microarray data; for cigarette butt DNA, results were 50%, 22.7%, and 27.3%, respectively. The discrepancies between reference-type and trace-type DNA outcomes can be explained by cell composition differences, method-to-method variation, and other technical reasons including bisulfite conversion inefficiency. Our study highlights the importance of the DNA source and that careful characterization of biological and technical effects is needed before epigenetic MZ twin differentiation is applicable in forensic casework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Vidaki
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Vivian Kalamara
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elena Carnero-Montoro
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Manfred Kayser
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Crime investigation through DNA methylation analysis: methods and applications in forensics. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-018-0042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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20
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Vidaki A, Díez López C, Carnero-Montoro E, Ralf A, Ward K, Spector T, Bell JT, Kayser M. Epigenetic discrimination of identical twins from blood under the forensic scenario. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2017; 31:67-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Khakpour G, Noruzinia M, Izadi P, Karami F, Ahmadvand M, Heshmat R, Amoli MM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Methylomics of breast cancer: Seeking epimarkers in peripheral blood of young subjects. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695040. [PMID: 28349825 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical roles of epigenomic alterations in the pathogenesis of breast cancer have recently seized great attentions toward finding epimarkers in either non-invasive or semi-non-invasive samples as well as peripheral blood. In this way, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation microarray (MeDIP-chip) was performed on DNA samples isolated from white blood cells of 30 breast cancer patients compared to 30 healthy controls. A total of 1799 differentially methylated regions were identified including SLC6A3, Rab40C, ZNF584, and FOXD3 whose significant methylation differences were confirmed in breast cancer patients through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Hypermethylation of APC, HDAC1, and GSK1 genes has been previously reported in more than one study on tissue samples of breast cancer. Methylation of those aforementioned genes in white blood cells of our young patients not only relies on their importance in breast cancer pathogenesis but also may highlight their potential as early epimarkers that makes further assessments necessary in large cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Khakpour
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Noruzinia
- 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pantea Izadi
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karami
- 3 Department of Medical Genetics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadvand
- 4 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- 5 Chronic Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- 6 Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shou F, Xu F, Li G, Zhao Z, Mao Y, Yang F, Wang H, Guo H. RASSF1A promoter methylation is associated with increased risk of thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:247-257. [PMID: 28123306 PMCID: PMC5234557 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s124417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have reported that Ras-associated domain family 1A (RASSF1A), the most commonly silenced tumor suppressor via promoter methylation, played vital roles in the development of carcinogenesis. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine whether RASSF1A promoter methylation increased the risk of thyroid cancer. Methods PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched to obtain eligible studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of the associations, using Stata 12.0 software. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using Newcastle–Ottawa scale table. Egger’s test and Begg’s test were applied to detect publication biases. TSA 0.9 software was used to calculate the required information size and whether the result was conclusive. Results A total of 10 articles with 12 studies that included 422 thyroid cancer patients, identifying the association of RASSF1A promoter methylation with thyroid cancer risk, were collected in this meta-analysis. Overall, RASSF1A promoter methylation significantly increased the risk of thyroid cancer (total, OR=8.27, CI=4.38–15.62, P<0.05; Caucasian, OR=9.25, CI=3.97–21.56, P<0.05; Asian, OR=7.01, CI=2.68–18.38, P<0.05). In the subgroup analysis based on sample type, a significant association between thyroid cancer group and control group was found (normal tissue, OR=9.55, CI=4.21–21.67, P<0.05; adjacent tissue, OR=6.80, CI=2.49–18.56, P<0.05). The frequency of RASSF1A promoter methylation in follicular thyroid carcinoma was higher than in control group (OR=11.88, CI=5.80–24.32, P<0.05). In addition, the results indicated that the RASSF1A promoter methylation was correlated with papillary thyroid carcinoma in Caucasians and Asians (total, OR=8.07, CI=3.54–18.41, P<0.05; Caucasian, OR=11.35, CI=2.39–53.98, P<0.05; Asian, OR=6.67, CI=2.53–17.64, P<0.05). On the basis of the trial sequential analysis, the significant association of RASSF1A promoter methylation with thyroid cancer risk was found, and there was no need to perform further studies. Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms that RASSF1A promoter methylation is a risk factor for thyroid tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery
| | - Gang Li
- Department of General Practice
| | | | - Ying Mao
- Department of Special Inspection Section
| | | | - Hongming Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
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23
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Shankar E, Kanwal R, Candamo M, Gupta S. Dietary phytochemicals as epigenetic modifiers in cancer: Promise and challenges. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:82-99. [PMID: 27117759 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of diet and environment on human health has been known since ages. Plant-derived natural bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) have acquired an important role in human diet as potent antioxidants and cancer chemopreventive agents. In past few decades, the role of epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs in the regulation of mammalian genome have been comprehensively addressed. Although the effects of dietary phytochemicals on gene expression and signaling pathways have been widely studied in cancer, the impact of these dietary compounds on mammalian epigenome is rapidly emerging. The present review outlines the role of different epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation and maintenance of mammalian genome and focuses on the role of dietary phytochemicals as epigenetic modifiers in cancer. Above all, the review focuses on summarizing the progress made thus far in cancer chemoprevention with dietary phytochemicals, the heightened interest and challenges in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswar Shankar
- Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rajnee Kanwal
- Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mario Candamo
- Department of Biology, School of Undergraduate Studies, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Two Cases of Endometrial Cancer in Twin Sisters with Myotonic Dystrophy. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2016; 2016:9737014. [PMID: 27595026 PMCID: PMC4993918 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9737014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe two cases of endometrial cancer (EC) occurring in nulligravid twin sisters with myotonic dystrophy. Both tested negative for Lynch syndrome and both were treated with laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. Although EC tends to run in families, the diagnosis in itself is not considered sufficient cause for screening or prophylactic measures in close relatives. However, the presence of additional risk factors, such as nulligravidity and myotonic dystrophy in the underlying cases, may call for extra vigilance in first-degree family members.
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