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Kandemir I, Gudek K, Sahin AY, Aksakal MT, Kucuk E, Yildirim ZNY, Yilmaz A, Nayir A, Bas F. Association of problems, coping styles, and preferred online activity with depression, anxiety, and other psychological disorders in Turkish adolescents diagnosed with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:2779-2788. [PMID: 38772924 PMCID: PMC11272670 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess depression, anxiety, and other psychological disorders in adolescents with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and determine the significant factors and the effect of digital media use on its scores among these patient groups. METHODS The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study and included 84 adolescents with CKD and 68 healthy controls. The participants completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). We recorded their age, gender, the most problematic issue in their lives, coping methods with problems, and online applications they prefer in their leisure time. RESULTS Elevated rates (scores > 70) of separation anxiety, panic disorder, obsession, depression, total anxiety, and total depression scales were statistically higher in the CKD group. Separation anxiety, panic disorder, obsession, total anxiety, and total depression scales were higher in girls, and panic disorder, obsession, depression, total anxiety, and total depression scores were higher in younger ages in multivariate analysis. In the CKD group, family issues/problems increased panic disorder, obsession, depression, total anxiety, and total depression scales. Crying in tears/yelling response in children while facing a problem was associated with increased separation anxiety and social phobia rates. Also, preferring video applications was associated with separation anxiety and messaging applications with depression, total anxiety, and total depression. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with CKD are at risk for depression, anxiety, obsession, and panic disorders. Also, crying in tears/yelling response may be at greater risk for anxiety among CKD adolescents. Early psychiatric evaluation and routine psychiatric follow-ups initiated early may improve the mental health of this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Kandemir
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Kemal Gudek
- Medical Social Service Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin Yetim Sahin
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Tugrul Aksakal
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Kucuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Nagehan Yuruk Yildirim
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Yilmaz
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Nayir
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Firdevs Bas
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ijaz S, Rohail I, Irfan S. School-based intervention for anxiety using group cognitive behavior therapy in Pakistan: a feasibility randomized controlled trial. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2024; 37:31. [PMID: 39158777 PMCID: PMC11333417 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and mood disorders are the main cause of illness in people under the age of 25, accounting for 45% of the global disease burden, whereas 4.6% of teenagers aged 15 to 19 are predicted to experience anxiety. Pakistan country, with a population of 200 million, has the worst mental health indicators and fewer than 500 psychiatrists. Despite the existence of various treatments for anxiety, this goes unrecognized and untreated. Due to a lack of awareness, evaluation, prevention, and interventional programs related to being implemented among adolescents in Pakistan, there is a rise in mental health issues in the earlier years of life. It calls for a critical need for indigenous, evidence-based interventions. The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based interventions to reduce anxiety symptoms among school children in Pakistan. METHODS This study was a pre-post design, two-arm, single-blinded, feasibility, randomized controlled trial. Thirty-four participants (experimental group, n = 17; control group, n = 17) were recruited from four semi-government schools in Rawalpindi with a mean age of 15 (M = 15, SD = 0.73). Two instruments Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth (BAI-Y II) and BASC-3 Behavioural and Emotional Screening System Student (BESS-SF) were used to assess the severity of symptoms. Participants in the intervention arm received eight-group therapy CBT sessions. A two-way factorial analysis was used to examine the efficacy of CBT in reducing symptom severity. RESULTS This study's findings showed that in comparison to the wait-list control group, CBT successfully improved anxiety symptoms among school children while enhancing their social skills. CONCLUSION This study will help improve the treatment for anxiety in Pakistan by prioritizing school-based intervention and group-based CBT intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial has been registered at the American Economic Association's registry for randomized controlled trials. RCT ID AEARCTR-0009551 . Registered 2022-07-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Ijaz
- Clinical Psychology, Public Sector Organization, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Iffat Rohail
- Department of Psychology, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Irfan
- Afghan Migrants and Host Communities, International Organization for Migration, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Dong Y, Chen M, Wu Z, Zhang Z. Covid-19 psychological pressures, depression and FOMO: the mediating role of online social support and emotional regulation. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:116. [PMID: 38431605 PMCID: PMC10908053 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of the coronavirus has led to significant anxiety among university students, resulting in various mental health problems that could potentially impact their academic performance. METHOD To examine the mediating role of emotional regulation and online social support in the relationships between COVID-19 psychological pressures, depression, and the fear of missing out (FoMO) among young adult university students, a cross-sectional research design was employed using an online survey. The sample consisted of 521 full-time university students from China, currently enrolled in undergraduate and postgraduate programs. RESULTS Findings revealed that more than half (55.09%, n=287) of the university students experienced COVID-19 psychological pressures. These pressures directly contributed to increased levels of depression (β = 0.339, p < .001) and fear of missing out (β = 0.236, p < .001). Moreover, online social support and emotional regulation exhibited partial mediating effects on the association between COVID-19 psychological pressures, depression, and the fear of missing out. The results indicated that COVID-19 psychological pressures were linked to higher levels of depressive symptoms and a greater fear of missing out among university students. CONCLUSIONS However, the provision of timely and adequate online social support, as well as the implementation of emotional regulation strategies, mitigated the negative effects of the pandemic on students' social and emotional well-being. Consequently, this led to reduced levels of depression and fear of missing out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Dong
- School of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Min Chen
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilin Zhang
- Historic Building Division, China Construction First Division Group Huajiang Construction Co., Ltd, Jingdezhen, 333099, Jiangxi, China
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Nasri NM, Gan WY, Mohd Shukri NH. Mother-infant postnatal experience and its association with maternal emotion and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38407161 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2024.2314187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a partial lockdown in Malaysia known as Movement-Controlled-Order (MCO), which has affected primary care management and social life norms. Thus, psychological health is a concern for mothers, particularly during the postpartum period. This study aimed to determine factors associated with maternal emotional experiences and coping during the pandemic. METHODOLOGY Mothers of infants aged < 18 months (n = 1449) in Malaysia completed an online survey during MCO (July 2020 to February 2021). The survey comprised questions on sociodemographics, pandemic livelihood impact, maternal experiences, and emotions. RESULTS More than one-third of mothers expressed feeling worried (54.7%), annoyed (48.1%), and tired (42.2%) to some or a high extent. Mothers who were younger (p = .001), more educated (p = .001), faced difficulty paying rent (p = .002), and whose husbands were unemployed (p < .001) expressed higher negative emotions. In contrast, mothers who received enough support for health (p = .001) and breastfeeding (p = .008), had infants sleep less (p = .042) and had more time to focus on health (p < .001) expressed better emotions. Higher coping was expressed among mothers with a higher household income (p = .004), had more time to focus on their health (p = .010), received additional breastfeeding support (p = 0.039), and practised traditional postpartum care (p < .001). In contrast, difficulty paying for essentials (p = .023) was associated with negative coping. CONCLUSION Maternal emotional experiences were significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristics, livelihood impact, postnatal experiences, and infant behaviours. Postpartum mental health screening is recommended to prevent severe distress, especially in first-time mothers. Coping interventions for mothers at risk may include comprehensive support and maternity care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuruljannah Mohamad Nasri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ying Gan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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O'Brien A, Hamilton S, Humphrey N, Qualter P, Boehnke JR, Santos J, Demkowicz O, Panayiotou M, Thompson A, Lau J, Burke L, Lu Y. Examining the impact of a universal social and emotional learning intervention (Passport) on internalising symptoms and other outcomes among children, compared to the usual school curriculum: study protocol for a school-based cluster randomised trial. Trials 2023; 24:703. [PMID: 37915094 PMCID: PMC10621084 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND School-based universal social and emotional learning (SEL) interventions implemented during the transition to adolescence may be efficacious in preventing the development of mental health difficulties. This protocol describes a two-arm parallel cluster randomised controlled trial to investigate the impact of a universal SEL intervention (Passport, compared to usual provision) on internalising symptoms (primary outcome), emotion regulation, well-being, loneliness, social support, bullying, academic attainment, and health-related quality of life in English primary school pupils aged 9-11 years. A developer-led trial demonstrated the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of Passport; this will be the first independent trial. METHODS Sixty primary schools will be recruited across the Greater Manchester city region and surrounding areas, involving 2400 pupils aged 8-9 at baseline. Schools will be allocated to the intervention arm to implement Passport over 18 weekly sessions or to the control arm to implement the usual school curriculum. Random allocation will be at school level following completion of baseline measures, with minimisation to ensure balance across trial arms in school size and free school meal eligibility. Measures will be collected at baseline, post-intervention (12 months post-baseline), and at 12 months follow-up (24 months post-baseline). The primary outcome analysis (intervention effects on internalising symptoms at post-intervention) will comprise a two-level (school, child) hierarchical linear model, following the intention-to-treat principle. Additional analyses will be undertaken to assess intervention effects on secondary outcomes, maintenance effects for all outcomes, intervention compliance moderator effects, subgroup moderator effects, and mechanisms underpinning intervention effects on the primary outcome. A mixed-methods implementation and process evaluation will examine factors that influence implementation, and a health economic evaluation will assess the cost-effectiveness of the intervention. DISCUSSION Findings will provide educators with crucial knowledge of whether and how increasing emotion regulation through a universal intervention impacts internalising symptoms and a range of related outcomes. Findings will also inform policy related to the promotion of mental health among children and young people. If the intervention is found to be efficacious in reducing internalising symptoms and is also cost-effective, it may offer high potential as a preventative intervention for widespread implementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN12875599; registered on 24 November 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie O'Brien
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Suzanne Hamilton
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jan R Boehnke
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Joao Santos
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ola Demkowicz
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Alex Thompson
- The Manchester Centre for Health Economics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jennifer Lau
- Youth Resilience Unit, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Lauren Burke
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Yizhuo Lu
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Dryjańska N, Kiliś-Pstrusińska K. Depression in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Kidney Disease-Review of Available Literature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103554. [PMID: 37240660 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a significant health problem gaining increasing relevance, especially among children and adolescents. It is known that the incidence of depression is higher in patients suffering from chronic diseases, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review aims to discuss the prevalence of depression in children and adolescents with CKD and its impact on the quality of life of these patients (HRQoL). The research was conducted using online databases with keywords: depression in children and adolescents, depression and chronic diseases, chronic kidney disease, and health-related quality of life. It was found that the risk for developing depression is higher for adolescents and females, and with the use of negative coping strategies, lack of caregiver nurturance, and poor socioeconomic status. In patients with pediatric CKD, the stage of the disease, age of CKD diagnosis, and type of treatment were found to significantly impact HRQoL and contribute to caregiver burden. Depression was more commonly found in children suffering from CKD. It causes significant mental distress to the child and contributes to the caregiver's burden. Screening for depression among CKD patients is advised. In depressed patients, transdiagnostic tools should be used to alleviate some of the symptoms. In children at risk of developing depression, preventative strategies should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Dryjańska
- Clinical Department of Paediatric Nephrology, University Hospital in Wroclaw, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kiliś-Pstrusińska
- Clinical Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Klöbl M, Prillinger K, Diehm R, Doganay K, Lanzenberger R, Poustka L, Plener P, Konicar L. Individual brain regulation as learned via neurofeedback is related to affective changes in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:6. [PMID: 36635760 PMCID: PMC9837918 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-022-00549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotions often play a role in neurofeedback (NF) regulation strategies. However, investigations of the relationship between the induced neuronal changes and improvements in affective domains are scarce in electroencephalography-based studies. Thus, we extended the findings of the first study on slow cortical potential (SCP) NF in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by linking affective changes to whole-brain activity during rest and regulation. METHODS Forty-one male adolescents with ASD were scanned twice at rest using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Between scans, half underwent NF training, whereas the other half received treatment as usual. Furthermore, parents reported on their child's affective characteristics at each measurement. The NF group had to alternatingly produce negative and positive SCP shifts during training and was additionally scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging while applying their developed regulation strategies. RESULTS No significant treatment group-by-time interactions in affective or resting-state measures were found. However, we found increases of resting activity in the anterior cingulate cortex and right inferior temporal gyrus as well as improvements in affective characteristics over both groups. Activation corresponding to SCP differentiation in these regions correlated with the affective improvements. A further correlation was found for Rolandic operculum activation corresponding to positive SCP shifts. There were no significant correlations with the respective achieved SCP regulation during NF training. CONCLUSION SCP NF in ASD did not lead to superior improvements in neuronal or affective functioning compared to treatment as usual. However, the affective changes might be related to the individual strategies and their corresponding activation patterns as indicated by significant correlations on the whole-brain level. Trial registration This clinical trial was registered at drks.de (DRKS00012339) on 20th April, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Klöbl
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Prillinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Diehm
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kamer Doganay
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paul Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lilian Konicar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Islamiah N, Breinholst S, Walczak MA, Esbjørn BH. The role of fathers in children's emotion regulation development: A systematic review. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/icd.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Islamiah
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences IPB University Bogor Indonesia
- Department of Psychology University of Copenhagen København K Denmark
| | - Sonja Breinholst
- Department of Psychology University of Copenhagen København K Denmark
| | - Monika A. Walczak
- Department of Psychology University of Copenhagen København K Denmark
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Ludlow K, Russell JK, Ryan B, Brown RL, Joynt T, Uhlmann LR, Smith GE, Donovan C, Hides L, Spence SH, March S, Cobham VE. Co-designing a digital mental health platform, "Momentum", with young people aged 7-17: A qualitative study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231216410. [PMID: 38033517 PMCID: PMC10685776 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231216410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) offer a promising alternative or adjunct treatment method to face-to-face treatment, overcoming barriers associated with stigma, access, and cost. This project is embedded in user experience and co-design to enhance the potential acceptability, usability and integration of digital platforms into youth mental health services. Objective To co-design a digital mental health platform that provides self-directed, tailored, and modularised treatment for young people aged 7-17 years experiencing anxiety, depression and other related problems. Methods Sixty-eight participants, aged 7-17 years, engaged in one of 20 co-design workshops. Eight workshops involved children (n = 26, m = 9.42 years, sd = 1.27) and 12 involved adolescents (n = 42, m = 14.57 years, sd = 1.89). Participants engaged in a variety of co-design activities (e.g., designing a website home page and rating self-report assessment features). Workshop transcripts and artefacts (e.g., participants' drawings) were thematically analysed using Gale et al.'s Framework Method in NVivo. Results Six themes were identified: Interactive; Relatable; Customisable; Intuitive; Inclusive; and Personalised, transparent and trustworthy content. The analysis revealed differences between children's and adolescents' designs and ideas, supporting the need for two different versions of the platform, with age-appropriate activities, features, terminology, and content. Conclusions This research showcased co-design as a powerful tool to facilitate collaboration with young people in designing DMHIs. Two sets of recommendations were produced: 1) recommendations for the design, functionality, and content of youth DMHIs, supported by child- and adolescent-designed strategies; and 2) recommendations for clinicians and researchers planning to conduct co-design and intervention development research with children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiana Ludlow
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Jeremy K Russell
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
| | - Brooke Ryan
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- Speech Pathology, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Renee L Brown
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Tamsin Joynt
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
| | - Laura R Uhlmann
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
| | - Genevieve E Smith
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
| | - Caroline Donovan
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
| | - Leanne Hides
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Susan H Spence
- Australian Institute of Suicide Research and Prevention and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
| | - Sonja March
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
- School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
| | - Vanessa E Cobham
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- Child and Youth Mental Health Services, Children's Health Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
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Ghanbari S, Vahidi E, Behzadpoor S, Goudarzi Z, Ghabezi F. Parental reflective functioning and preschool children’s psychosocial functioning: the mediating role of children’s emotion regulation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2022.2079631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ghanbari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Vahidi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Behzadpoor
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, the University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Goudarzi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Ghabezi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Combined Emotional Socialization Training and Family Accommodation Modification: Impact on Emotional Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Anxious Children. Behav Ther 2022; 53:281-293. [PMID: 35227404 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Past studies show that emotional socialization and family accommodation are involved in children's anxiety, but research has yet to investigate whether targeting emotional socialization training (EST), family accommodation modification (FAM), or EST and FAM in tandem can reduce anxiety in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of EST and FAM on improving emotion regulation (ER) and reducing anxiety symptoms in anxious children. The sample consisted of 80 children with an anxiety disorder (Mage = 6.7, SD = 0.1) and their mothers. Mothers were randomly assigned to an EST (n = 17), FAM (n = 16), Combined (n = 17), or a waitlist control (WLC) (n = 16) groups. Mothers completed The Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) and Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) at pre-test, post-test, and at 6-month of follow-up. The results showed that the EST, FAM, and Combined groups were more effective than WLC in improving ER and reducing anxiety severity at post-test and follow-up. Among the intervention groups, children in the combined group showed greater reductions in the severity of anxiety symptoms and emotion dysregulation than the other two groups. Assisting parents to use strategies that encourage healthy emotion regulation and decrease family accommodation might help reduce the severity of children's anxiety symptoms.
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Fite PJ, Cooley JL, Tampke EC, Hesse DR, Doyle RL. The Role of Emotion Dysregulation in the Links Between Sibling Victimization and Internalizing Symptoms in Middle Childhood. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09956-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fatima S, Mehmood N, Shakil M. Mediated Associations Between Religious Coping, Self-Regulation, and Psychological Distress Vary for Young Muslim Men and Women in Lahore, Pakistan. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:109-124. [PMID: 34480690 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the study was to assess the direct, mediated, and conditional mediated associations among religious coping, self-regulation, and psychological distress in young Muslim adults while analyzing gender as a moderator of these mediated associations. Based on a sample of 247 young adults from Lahore, Pakistan (M age = 21.31, SD = 2.40; 51% women, 49% men), it was found that self-regulation mediated the negative associations of positive religious coping with stress and anxiety and the positive association of negative religious coping with stress. Further, it was found that mediated associations were stronger and significant in young men compared to women. The implications of the findings concerning gender differences in association between religious coping, self-regulation, and psychological distress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameem Fatima
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Nida Mehmood
- Department of Psychology, Govt. College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muneeba Shakil
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
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A randomised controlled trial evaluating two universal prevention programs for children: Building resilience to manage worry. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:437-446. [PMID: 34715158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood anxiety and depression lead to great distress and impairment. Preventing them simultaneously in early life is critically important. We evaluated the long-term efficacy of an emotion regulation-based (ER) and a behavioural activation-based (BA) program. Both aimed to build resilience to prevent worry, a transdiagnostic feature across anxiety and depression. METHODS Participants were 316 students (52.2% female; 8-13 years) from six South Australian primary schools. Schools were randomised to the ER, BA or a control condition. Measures of resilience, worry, anxiety, and depression were taken at pre- and post- program, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. In addition, levels of emotion regulation, behavioural activation and resilience were measured as potential mediators of changes in anxiety and depression. RESULTS No significant condition × time interactions were observed. However, the percentage of children who met the clinical cut-offs for generalised anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder decreased significantly in the BA condition at 12-month follow-up, as well as the percentage of children who met the clinical cut-off for obsessive compulsive disorder in the ER condition. Furthermore, emotion regulation mediated the relationship between condition and worry at post-program in the ER condition. LIMITATIONS The sample size is relatively small. Reliance on child self-report may have resulted in inaccurate responses. CONCLUSION The ER and BA transdiagnostic prevention programs for childhood anxiety and depression showed promising results for certain anxiety disorders not otherwise observed in universal school-based studies. Future research should consider evaluating the programs with a larger sample using alternative outcome measures.
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15
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Ruhrman D, Mikulincer M, Apter A, Benaroya-Milshtein N, Steinberg T. Emotion regulation and tic disorders in children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 32:893-902. [PMID: 34854986 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01912-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tic disorders (TD) are developmental neuropsychiatric conditions often accompanied by comorbid conditions, and psychosocial hardships for child and family. The etiology of tics is unknown, and is complex and multifactorial. Stress is known to aggravate tic expression as well as associated comorbidities. Consequently, this study focused on possible connections between stress, emotion regulation, tic expression, and related psychopathology. Sixty consecutive admissions were assessed for perceived stress, emotional dysregulation, severity of obsessions and compulsions, anxiety, depression, attention deficit disorder, and tic expression at a TD clinic, in a university affiliated pediatric hospital. The results indicated that stress and emotion dysregulation were significantly related to both tic expression and severity of comorbidities. We discuss the role of emotion regulation dimensions regarding TD and related psychopathology as well as the mediating role of emotion regulation, and how they may contribute to the development of improved therapies for children with TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ruhrman
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel. .,Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - M Mikulincer
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - A Apter
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Benaroya-Milshtein
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - T Steinberg
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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16
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Oorloff S, Rooney R, Baughman N, Kane R, McDevitt M, Bryant A. The Impact of the Aussie Optimism Program on the Emotional Coping of 5- to 6-Year-Old Children. Front Psychol 2021; 12:570518. [PMID: 34456775 PMCID: PMC8385210 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.570518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Research indicates that mental health disorders can occur in children as young as 4 years of age, prompting the need for prevention programs for young children. The ability to use healthy strategies to cope with emotions is a protective factor against mental health disorders that can be effectively taught to children from an early age. The current study used a pre-test post-test cluster randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of the new Aussie Optimism: I Spy Feelings Program. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the program on children’s emotional coping. The program included content on emotion regulation strategies, focusing on the emotions of happiness, sadness, anger, fear, and worry. The participants were 73 children (intervention = 33; control = 40) from pre-primary classes. Four schools were cluster randomized to the intervention or control group, resulting in two schools in each condition. Parents completed measures of their children’s emotional coping with sadness, anger and worry. Children in the intervention group participated in ten sessions of the I Spy Feelings Program, spread over 5 weeks. The results indicated a significant, small to moderate intervention effect for coping with anger. Children in the control group decreased in their ability to cope with anger, while children in the intervention group remained stable. No intervention effects were found for coping with sadness or worry, with results for these emotions staying stable across time for both groups. This pilot study will inform the further development of the program. The effects of the program on coping with anger provide support for the use of emotion regulation strategies in intervention programs to maintain healthy emotional coping, which is a protective factor against internalizing and externalizing disorders in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Oorloff
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rosanna Rooney
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Natalie Baughman
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert Kane
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Maryanne McDevitt
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Aidan Bryant
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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17
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Rasmussen LMP, Patras J, Handegård BH, Neumer SP, Martinsen KD, Adolfsen F, Sund AM, Martinussen M. Evaluating Delivery of a CBT-Based Group Intervention for Schoolchildren With Emotional Problems: Examining the Reliability and Applicability of a Video-Based Adherence and Competence Measure. Front Psychol 2021; 12:702565. [PMID: 34262514 PMCID: PMC8273386 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.702565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherence and competence are essential parts of program fidelity and having adequate measures to assess these constructs is important. The Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CAS CBT) was developed to evaluate the delivery of cognitive therapies for children with clinical anxiety. The present study is an assessment of the slightly adapted version of the CAS CBT evaluating the delivery of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-based preventive group intervention: EMOTION: Kids Coping with Anxiety and Depression. This study was part of a Norwegian cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) investigating the effectiveness of a transdiagnostic intervention, the EMOTION program—an indicated prevention program targeting anxious and depressive symptoms. The applicability and psychometric properties of the CAS CBT were explored. Results are based on six raters evaluating 239 video-recorded sessions of the EMOTION program being delivered by 68 trained group leaders from different municipal services. Interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients, ICC [3, 1]) indicated fair to good agreement between raters. Internal consistency of the instrument's key domains was calculated using the Omega coefficient which ranged between 0.70 to 0.94. There was a strong association between the two scales Adherence and Competence, and inter-item correlations were high across the items, except for the items rating the adherence to the session goals. Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a brief measure for use in first-line services, with some promising features for easily assessing program fidelity, but some of the results indicated that the instrument should be improved. Future attention should also be made to adapt the instrument to fit better within a group setting, especially regarding evaluation of session goals. More research on how to adequately evaluate fidelity measures are also warranted. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02340637.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene-Mari Potulski Rasmussen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Joshua Patras
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Helge Handegård
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Simon-Peter Neumer
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Dagmar Martinsen
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Adolfsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Sund
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Monica Martinussen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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18
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Ingul JM, Martinsen K, Adolfsen F, Sund AM, Ytreland K, Bania EV, Lisøy C, Rasmussen LMP, Haug IM, Patras J, Collins LM, Kendall PC, Neumer SP. Inside the Clockwork of the ECHO Factorial Trial: A Conceptual Model With Proposed Mediators for Prevention of Emotional Problems in Children. Front Psychol 2021; 12:703224. [PMID: 34234731 PMCID: PMC8255930 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Having interventions that are not only evidence-based and effective but also cost-effective and efficient is important for the prevention and treatment of child and adolescent emotional problems. A randomized clinical trial (RCT) tests the total interventions effect but does not address specific components of the intervention. In this article the hypothesis and a conceptual model of the ECHO study are presented and discussed. The ECHO intervention consists of three different components each containing two levels of intervention. By using a cluster randomized factorial design, children aged 8-12 at 40 schools across Norway will be randomized to eight different experimental conditions investigating the optimal balance between effect, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. The article presents the design and the different components being tested and discusses how optimalization can be reached through this innovative design. The article also discusses how interventions can be improved by investigating and understanding the mechanisms of change within psychological interventions. For each of the three components in the study we consider the mediators that could be active within the intervention and how the study investigates such mediation. The results will contribute to a better understanding of how psychological interventions work and how we intend to optimize the EMOTION intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Magne Ingul
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin Martinsen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Adolfsen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Sund
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin Ytreland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Valmyr Bania
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Carina Lisøy
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene-Mari Potulski Rasmussen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ida Mari Haug
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Joshua Patras
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Linda M Collins
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philip C Kendall
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Simon Peter Neumer
- Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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19
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McGlinchey E, Kirby K, McElroy E, Murphy J. The Role of Emotional Regulation in Anxiety and Depression Symptom Interplay and Expression among Adolescent Females. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-021-09883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDepression and anxiety are highly comorbid constructs. However little is known about the mechanisms that underpin this comorbidity/connectivity or the divergence between constructs that seems to occur in adolescence. The current study targeted emotion regulation (ER) as a potential plausible mechanism for explaining how anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence might begin to connect, perpetuate, and ultimately diverge from one another. Using data from a cross-sectional school-based study, of adolescent females (age 11–18 years; N = 615; majority were white (97.7%)), we modelled variation in ER using latent profile analysis. Then, using network analysis (NA), we generated separate depression-anxiety symptom networks for adolescents at varying levels of ER. Three latent classes of ER were identified (low ER 15%, intermediate ER 34%, high ER 51%). The results of the network comparison test found no significant differences in global strength between the ‘low ER’ and the ‘intermediate ER’ ability network. This study is among the first to attempt to model change in depression-anxiety symptom connectivity in adolescence in relation to a common contextual/risk factor. The current study therefore offers a unique contribution to the examination of the role of transdiagnostic factors in the study of adolescent depression and anxiety from a network perspective, and provides a promising framework for the study of ER among anxiety and depression symptomatology in adolescence.
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20
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Chan SWW, Chien CW, Wong AYL, Pang MYC. Translation and psychometric validation of the traditional Chinese version of patient-reported outcomes measurement information system Pediatric-25 Profile version 2.0 (PROMIS-25) in Chinese Children with Cancer in Hong Kong. Qual Life Res 2021; 30:1779-1791. [PMID: 33770335 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To translate and cross-cultural validate the PROMIS Pediatric-25 Profile 2.0 (PROMIS-25) into traditional Chinese, and to investigate its psychometric properties in children with cancer in Hong Kong. METHODS The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy translation methodology was adopted in this study. Three panel members evaluated the semantic equivalence and content validity. The psychometric properties were tested with 103 children with cancer (10-18 years). Internal consistency and structural validity were examined by Cronbach's alpha and Rasch analysis. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed by correlating it with traditional Chinese pediatric quality of life inventory™ 4.0 domains (traditional Chinese PedsQL™ 4.0), traditional Chinese Health Questionnaire-9 (C-PHQ-9), and the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). RESULTS The semantic equivalence score and content validity index were both 100%. All domains indicated good internal consistency (α = 0.83-0.88) and unidimensionality (variance explained > 55.5% and 1st contrast eigenvalues < 2.0). All items showed good item fit (0.6-1.4). For convergent validity, the traditional Chinese PROMIS-25 domains demonstrated moderate-to-large correlations with traditional Chinese PedsQL™ 4.0 domains (r ≥ ± 0.69), C-PHQ-9 Item-4 and total score (r = 0.75-0.80), except NPRS (r = 0.44). For divergent validity, traditional Chinese PROMIS-25 had low correlations with traditional Chinese PedsQL™ 4.0 domains (r < ± 0.21), C-PHQ-9 item-4 (r = 0.3), and NPRS (r = - 0.12). The traditional Chinese PROMIS-25 fatigue domain was weakly correlated with NPRS (r = 0.39). CONCLUSION The traditional Chinese PROMIS-25 is semantically and conceptually like the original PROMIS-25 with satisfactory internal consistency, structural validity, and construct validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W W Chan
- Allied Health Department (Physiotherapy), Hong Kong Children's Hospital, HKSAR, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China
| | - C W Chien
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China
| | - Arnold Y L Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China.
| | - Marco Y C Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China
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21
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Paulus FW, Ohmann S, Möhler E, Plener P, Popow C. Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders. A Narrative Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:628252. [PMID: 34759846 PMCID: PMC8573252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.628252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Emotional dysregulation (ED) is a transdiagnostic construct defined as the inability to regulate the intensity and quality of emotions (such as, fear, anger, sadness), in order to generate an appropriate emotional response, to handle excitability, mood instability, and emotional overreactivity, and to come down to an emotional baseline. Because ED has not been defined as a clinical entity, and because ED plays a major role in child and adolescent psychopathology, we decided to summarize current knowledge on this topic based on a narrative review of the current literature. Methods: This narrative review is based on a literature search of peer-reviewed journals. We searched the databases ERIC, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO and PSYNDEX on June 2, 2020 for peer reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2020 in English language for the preschool, school, and adolescent age (2-17 years) using the following search terms: "emotional dysregulation" OR "affect dysregulation," retrieving 943 articles. Results: The results of the literature search are presented in the following sections: the relationship between ED and psychiatric disorders (ADHD, Mood Disorders, Psychological Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Non-suicidal Self-Injury, Eating Disorders, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Disruptive Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, Personality Disorders, Substance Use Disorder, Developmental Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Psychosis and Schizophrenia, and Gaming Disorder), prevention, and treatment of ED. Conclusion: Basic conditions of ED are genetic disposition, the experience of trauma, especially sexual or physical abuse, emotional neglect in childhood or adolescence, and personal stress. ED is a complex construct and a comprehensive concept, aggravating a number of various mental disorders. Differential treatment is mandatory for individual and social functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W Paulus
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Ohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Society of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (OeGVT), Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Möhler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Paul Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Popow
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Society of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (OeGVT), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Regional Psychiatric Hospital, Mauer, Austria
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22
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Storey K, Kimble RM, Holbert MD. The Management of Burn Pain in a Pediatric Burns-Specialist Hospital. Paediatr Drugs 2021; 23:1-10. [PMID: 33447938 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-020-00434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate pain management for children who have experienced an acute burn injury is critical to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential morbidities. With 60% of our patients being under the age of 4 years, pain management is crucial in reducing pain and anxiety in both patients and parents. It is imperative that appropriate pain relief is commenced from initial contact with healthcare workers as this will affect the success or failure of future wound procedures. Uncontrolled pain can negatively affect a patient, both short and long term. It may cause anticipatory anxiety for future medical procedures, increased pain and anxiety can decrease wound re-epithelialization which can lead to long-term consequences for growth and mobility, and increased pain can also influence the possibility of patients and families displaying signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. Pain management in the form of pharmaceuticals is imperative during burn wound treatment and should incorporate pain relief targeted at both background and procedural pain. It also requires a multimodal, individualized, and targeted approach combining both pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical techniques, including cold running water, multimodal distraction devices, hypnotherapy, and bubbles. We discuss the research and knowledge that our center has gained through treating pediatric patients with burns over the last 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Storey
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Pegg Leditschke Paediatric Burns Centre, The Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, 501 Stanley Street, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia.
| | - Roy M Kimble
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Pegg Leditschke Paediatric Burns Centre, The Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maleea D Holbert
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Pegg Leditschke Paediatric Burns Centre, The Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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23
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The Effect of Emotion Regulation Training on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Family Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Community Ment Health J 2020; 56:1095-1102. [PMID: 32056061 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is the most severe chronic disabling psychiatric disorder that needs long term care in various aspects. Therefore, the family's emotional atmosphere caused by the disease affects the condition of the patients' caregivers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of emotional regulation training on stress, anxiety, and depression in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The study was a randomized controlled trial. Seventy caregivers of patients with schizophrenia randomly assigned to a group that received emotion regulation training and a control group. The intervention group was trained about emotion regulation during eight 90-min sessions. The participants completed the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 questionnaire before and one month after the intervention. The results showed that stress, anxiety and depression scores significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. Emotional regulation training with cognitive methods has significantly reduced the anxiety, stress, and depression of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.
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