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Stakišaitis D, Kapočius L, Kilimaitė E, Gečys D, Šlekienė L, Balnytė I, Palubinskienė J, Lesauskaitė V. Preclinical Study in Mouse Thymus and Thymocytes: Effects of Treatment with a Combination of Sodium Dichloroacetate and Sodium Valproate on Infectious Inflammation Pathways. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2715. [PMID: 38140056 PMCID: PMC10747708 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The research presents data from a preclinical study on the anti-inflammatory effects of a sodium dichloroacetate and sodium valproate combination (DCA-VPA). The 2-week treatment with a DCA 100 mg/kg/day and VPA 150 mg/kg/day combination solution in drinking water's effects on the thymus weight, its cortex/medulla ratio, Hassall's corpuscles (HCs) number in the thymus medulla, and the expression of inflammatory and immune-response-related genes in thymocytes of male Balb/c mice were studied. Two groups of mice aged 6-7 weeks were investigated: a control (n = 12) and a DCA-VPA-treated group (n = 12). The treatment did not affect the body weight gain (p > 0.05), the thymus weight (p > 0.05), the cortical/medulla ratio (p > 0.05), or the number of HCs (p > 0.05). Treatment significantly increased the Slc5a8 gene expression by 2.1-fold (p < 0.05). Gene sequence analysis revealed a significant effect on the expression of inflammation-related genes in thymocytes by significantly altering the expression of several genes related to the cytokine activity pathway, the inflammatory response pathway, and the Il17 signaling pathway in thymocytes. Data suggest that DCA-VPA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the inflammatory mechanisms in the mouse thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatas Stakišaitis
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (L.Š.); (I.B.); (J.P.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Linas Kapočius
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (L.Š.); (I.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Evelina Kilimaitė
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (L.Š.); (I.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Dovydas Gečys
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave., 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Lina Šlekienė
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (L.Š.); (I.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Ingrida Balnytė
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (L.Š.); (I.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Jolita Palubinskienė
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (L.Š.); (I.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Vaiva Lesauskaitė
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave., 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Arumugam MK, Gopal T, Kalari Kandy RR, Boopathy LK, Perumal SK, Ganesan M, Rasineni K, Donohue TM, Osna NA, Kharbanda KK. Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Mechanisms in the Development of Chronic Liver Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1311. [PMID: 37887021 PMCID: PMC10604291 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a major metabolic organ that performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification and the synthesis of proteins and biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. Any disruption in normal liver function can lead to the development of more severe liver disorders. Overall, about 3 million Americans have some type of liver disease and 5.5 million people have progressive liver disease or cirrhosis, in which scar tissue replaces the healthy liver tissue. An estimated 20% to 30% of adults have excess fat in their livers, a condition called steatosis. The most common etiologies for steatosis development are (1) high caloric intake that causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and (2) excessive alcohol consumption, which results in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). NAFLD is now termed "metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease" (MASLD), which reflects its association with the metabolic syndrome and conditions including diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and obesity. ALD represents a spectrum of liver injury that ranges from hepatic steatosis to more advanced liver pathologies, including alcoholic hepatitis (AH), alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC) and acute AH, presenting as acute-on-chronic liver failure. The predominant liver cells, hepatocytes, comprise more than 70% of the total liver mass in human adults and are the basic metabolic cells. Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that are the principal sources of energy in hepatocytes and play a major role in oxidative metabolism and sustaining liver cell energy needs. In addition to regulating cellular energy homeostasis, mitochondria perform other key physiologic and metabolic activities, including ion homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, redox signaling and participation in cell injury/death. Here, we discuss the main mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic liver disease and some treatment strategies available for targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; (T.G.); (L.K.B.)
| | | | - Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; (T.G.); (L.K.B.)
| | - Sathish Kumar Perumal
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Karuna Rasineni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Terrence M. Donohue
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (M.K.A.); (S.K.P.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
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Zhang B, Xiao Q, Ma Q, Han L. Clinical treatment for persistent inflammation, immunosuppression and catabolism syndrome in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:495. [PMID: 37753297 PMCID: PMC10519614 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a severe disease with a high prevalence and a 3-15% mortality worldwide, and premature activation of zymogen for any reason is the initial factor for the onset of SAP. Gallstone disease and heavy alcohol consumption are the two most common etiologies of SAP. Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression and catabolism syndrome (PICS) is a life-threatening illness, and there are no effective treatments. The relapse state of PICS mainly leads to high mortality due to septic shock or severe trauma, both of which are dangerous and challenging conditions for clinicians. Thus, it is important for medical staff to identify patients at high risk of PICS and to master the prevention and treatment of PICS in patients with SAP. The present review aims to increase the understanding of the pathogenesis of PICS, produce evidence for PICS diagnosis and highlight clinical treatment for PICS in patients with SAP. With this information, clinical workers could implement standardized and integrated measures at an early stage of SAP to stop its progression to PICS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qigui Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Mokhtari B, Hamidi M, Badalzadeh R, Mahmoodpoor A. Mitochondrial transplantation protects against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and fission/fusion and inflammatory response. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2147-2158. [PMID: 36565415 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is associated with worse clinical outcomes and high mortality, but no effective therapeutic intervention has been explored, reinforcing the urgent need to develop innovative strategies. Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Herein, we assessed the effect of mitochondrial transplantation on sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction in a rat model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 80, 12 weeks old, 250-300 g) were divided into groups with/without CLP-induced sepsis receiving mitochondrial transplantation in single or two repetitive injections (1 h or 1 and 7 h post-CLP, respectively). Mitochondria were isolated from donor rats and injected intravenously (400 µl of mitochondrial suspension containing 7.5 × 106 mitochondria/ml of respiration buffer) in recipient groups. Twenty-four hours post-operation, LDH and cTn-I levels, mitochondrial functional endpoints, expression of mitochondrial biogenesis (SIRT-1 and PGC-1α) and fission/fusion (Drp1/Mfn1 and Mfn2) genes, and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) levels were evaluated. Survival was tested over 72 h post-operation. RESULTS Mitotherapy significantly improved 72-hours survival (P < .05) and decreased LDH and cTn-I levels (P < .01). It also restored mitochondrial function and expression of mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion genes, and decreased the expression of mitochondrial fission gene and the levels of inflammatory cytokines (P < .05 to P < .01). Mitotherapy with repetitive injections at 1 and 7 h post-CLP provided noticeable mitoprotection in comparison with the group receiving mitotherapy at single injection. CONCLUSION Mitotherapy improved mitochondrial function, biogenesis, and dynamic associated with SIRT-1/PGC-1α network and suppressed inflammatory response in CLP-induced sepsis model, therefore, offers a promising strategy to overcome life-threatening sepsis challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Mokhtari
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Anesthesiology Department, Ali Nasab Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Badalzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Yin L, Tang Y, Lin X, Jiang B. Progress in the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in septic cardiomyopathy. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2156622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leijing Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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Hu J, Cheng Y, Chen P, Huang Z, Yang L. Caffeine Citrate Protects Against Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy and Inhibits the UCP2/NLRP3 Axis in Astrocytes. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:267-278. [PMID: 35420462 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse brain dysfunction without overt central nervous system infection. Caffeine citrate has therapeutic effect on different brain diseases, while its role in SAE remains unclear. The expression levels of interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β were upregulated in the cerebrospinal fluid of the subjects. In this study, a rat model of SAE was established by cecal ligation and puncture. Caffeine citrate inhibited SAE-induced neuronal apoptosis and astrocytic activation, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) level in the cerebral cortex. In vitro, primary astrocytes were isolated from rat cerebral cortex and incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Caffeine citrate reduced ROS and MMP levels and mitochondrial complex enzyme activities in LPS plus IFN-γ-induced astrocytes. Moreover, caffeine citrate inhibited the activation of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLRP3) inflammasome and decreased the production of IL-1β and IL-18 in vivo and in vitro. Notably, caffeine citrate promoted UCP2 expression in astrocytes. The neuroprotective role of UCP2 has been reported in several experimental brain diseases. These results suggest that caffeine citrate inhibits neuronal apoptosis, astrocytic activation, mitochondrial dysfunction in rat cerebral cortex, thereby alleviating SAE. The protection of caffeine citrate against SAE may be achieved by the UCP2-mediated NLRP3 pathway inhibition in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoqi Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Liqi Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
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Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation of Liver Mitochondria in Sepsis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101598. [PMID: 35626633 PMCID: PMC9139457 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between liver dysfunction and decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in sepsis has been clearly established in experimental models. Energy transduction is plastic: the efficiency of mitochondrial coupling collapses in the early stage of sepsis but is expected to increase during the recovery phases of sepsis. Among the mechanisms regulating the coupling efficiency of hepatic mitochondria, the slipping reactions at the cytochrome oxidase and ATP synthase seem to be a determining element, whereas other regulatory mechanisms such as those involving proton leakage across the mitochondrial membrane have not yet been formally proven in the context of sepsis. If the dysfunction of hepatic mitochondria is related to impaired cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase functions, we need to consider therapeutic avenues to restore their activities for recovery from sepsis. In this review, we discussed previous findings regarding the regulatory mechanism involved in changes in the oxidative phosphorylation of liver mitochondria in sepsis, and propose therapeutic avenues to improve the functions of cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase in sepsis.
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Abstract
Objectives: Expound upon priorities for basic/translational science identified in a recent paper by a group of experts assigned by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Data Sources: Original paper, search of the literature. Study Selection: By several members of the original task force with specific expertise in basic/translational science. Data Extraction: None. Data Synthesis: None. Conclusions: In the first of a series of follow-up reports to the original paper, several members of the original task force with specific expertise provided a more in-depth analysis of the five identified priorities directly related to basic/translational science. This analysis expounds on what is known about the question and what was identified as priorities for ongoing research. It is hoped that this analysis will aid the development of future research initiatives.
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Eyenga P, Roussel D, Rey B, Ndille P, Teulier L, Eyenga F, Romestaing C, Morel J, Gueguen-Chaignon V, Sheu SS. Mechanical ventilation preserves diaphragm mitochondrial function in a rat sepsis model. Intensive Care Med Exp 2021; 9:19. [PMID: 33825987 PMCID: PMC8025065 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-021-00384-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the effect of mechanical ventilation on diaphragm mitochondrial oxygen consumption, ATP production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cytochrome c oxidase activity and content, and their relationship to diaphragm strength in an experimental model of sepsis. METHODS A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) protocol was performed in 12 rats while 12 controls underwent sham operation. Half of the rats in each group were paralyzed and mechanically ventilated. We performed blood gas analysis and lactic acid assays 6 h after surgery. Afterwards, we measured diaphragm strength and mitochondrial oxygen consumption, ATP and ROS generation, and cytochrome c oxidase activity. We also measured malondialdehyde (MDA) content as an index of lipid peroxidation, and mRNA expression of the proinflammatory interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in diaphragms. RESULTS CLP rats showed severe hypotension, metabolic acidosis, and upregulation of diaphragm IL-1β mRNA expression. Compared to sham controls, spontaneously breathing CLP rats showed lower diaphragm force and increased susceptibility to fatigue, along with depressed mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production and cytochrome c oxidase activity. These rats also showed increased mitochondrial ROS generation and MDA content. Mechanical ventilation markedly restored mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production in CLP rats; lowered mitochondrial ROS production by the complex 3; and preserved cytochrome c oxidase activity. CONCLUSION In an experimental model of sepsis, early initiation of mechanical ventilation restores diaphragm mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Eyenga
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - D. Roussel
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR 5023, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon1, CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - B. Rey
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon1, CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - P. Ndille
- Département de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalier D’Ebomé, Kribi, Cameroun
| | - L. Teulier
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR 5023, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon1, CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - F. Eyenga
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - C. Romestaing
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR 5023, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon1, CNRS, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J. Morel
- Service de réanimation chirurgicale, CHU de Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint Etienne, France
| | - V. Gueguen-Chaignon
- Protein Science Facility, ENS de Lyon, Inserm, US8, SFR Biosciences UMS 3444 - CNRS Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - S-S. Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
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Mainali R, Zabalawi M, Long D, Buechler N, Quillen E, Key CC, Zhu X, Parks JS, Furdui C, Stacpoole PW, Martinez J, McCall CE, Quinn MA. Dichloroacetate reverses sepsis-induced hepatic metabolic dysfunction. eLife 2021; 10:64611. [PMID: 33616039 PMCID: PMC7901874 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming between resistance and tolerance occurs within the immune system in response to sepsis. While metabolic tissues such as the liver are subjected to damage during sepsis, how their metabolic and energy reprogramming ensures survival is unclear. Employing comprehensive metabolomic, lipidomic, and transcriptional profiling in a mouse model of sepsis, we show that hepatocyte lipid metabolism, mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) energetics, and redox balance are significantly reprogrammed after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We identify increases in TCA cycle metabolites citrate, cis-aconitate, and itaconate with reduced fumarate and triglyceride accumulation in septic hepatocytes. Transcriptomic analysis of liver tissue supports and extends the hepatocyte findings. Strikingly, the administration of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor dichloroacetate reverses dysregulated hepatocyte metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction. In summary, our data indicate that sepsis promotes hepatic metabolic dysfunction and that targeting the mitochondrial PDC/PDK energy homeostat rebalances transcriptional and metabolic manifestations of sepsis within the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabina Mainali
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Manal Zabalawi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - David Long
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Nancy Buechler
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Ellen Quillen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Chia-Chi Key
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - John S Parks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Cristina Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Peter W Stacpoole
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, Bethesda, United States
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Matthew A Quinn
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
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Zhang Y, Li H, Song L, Xue J, Wang X, Song S, Wang S. Polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates cognitive impairment by regulating the inflammation of the brain-liver axis in rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:6900-6914. [PMID: 34338268 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00355k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) polysaccharide-1 (GLP-1) is one of the polysaccharides isolated from the fruiting bodies of G. lucidum. Inflammation in the brain-liver axis plays a vital role in the progress of cognitive impairment. In this study, the beneficial effect of GLP-1 on d-galactose (d-gal) rats was carried out by regulating the inflammation of the brain-liver axis. A Morris water maze test was used to assess the cognitive ability of d-gal rats. ELISA and/or western blot analysis were used to detect the blood ammonia and inflammatory cytokines levels in the brain-liver axis. Metabolomic analysis was used to evaluate the changes of small molecule metabolomics between the brain and liver. As a result, GLP-1 could obviously ameliorate the cognitive impairment of d-gal rats. The mechanism was related to the decreasing levels of TNF-α, IL-6, phospho-p38MAPK, phospho-p53, and phospho-JNK1 + JNK2 + JNK3, the increasing levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1, and the regulation of the metabolic disorders of the brain-liver axis. Our study suggests that G. lucidum could be exploited as an effective food or health care product to prevent and delay cognitive impairment and improve the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, P.R. China.
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Wei L, Fan Y, Wei L, He X, Yang J, Zheng X. Ablation of TMEM126B protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced injuries of PC12 cells via maintaining mitochondrial anti-apoptotic functions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 696:108634. [PMID: 33075301 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a key contributing factor to the pathogenic mechanism involved in cerebral infarction. Transmembrane protein 126b (TMEM126B), a mitochondrial complex I assembly factor, has been reported to have an intimate association with disease progression, but is little known in ischemia stroke. The present study was designed to explore the effects of TEME126B on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced neuronal PC12 cells. The mRNA level of TMEM126B was determined using qRT-PCR. The levels of ROS, MDA, and SOD, as well as inflammatory cytokines, were measured using corresponding commercial kits. Cell apoptosis rate was assayed by flow cytometry analysis, and the apoptosis-related proteins were measured using western blotting. ATP production measured by colorimetric reaction and mitochondrial membrane potential measured by JC-1 staining were conducted to determine mitochondrial dysfunction. The results showed that TMEM126B was upregulated upon I/R injury in vitro and in clinical, and was positively corrected with the degree of oxidative stress. TMEM126B knockdown significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in OGD/R-induced PC12 cells. TMEM126B knockdown also attenuated cell apoptosis rate, accompanied with increased expressions of Bcl-2, XIAP and cleaved PARP-1, and decreased expressions of Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 9. Furthermore, TMEM126B knockdown exhibited cytoprotective roles through alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, as assessed by ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential. Collectively, this study indicates that TMEM126B knockdown protects against OGD/R-induced neuronal injuries through relieving oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondria dysfunction, which provides a promising target for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wei
- Department of Neurology, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454002, China
| | - Yun Fan
- Department of Neurology, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454002, China
| | - Lingling Wei
- Department of Neurology, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454002, China
| | - Xiaoxia He
- Department of Neurology, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454002, China
| | - Jiaqing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454002, China
| | - Xianzhao Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454002, China.
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13
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Deutschman CS, Hellman J, Roca RF, De Backer D, Coopersmith CM. The surviving sepsis campaign: basic/translational science research priorities. Intensive Care Med Exp 2020; 8:31. [PMID: 32676795 PMCID: PMC7365694 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-020-00312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Expound upon priorities for basic/translational science identified in a recent paper by a group of experts assigned by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Data sources Original paper, search of the literature. Study selection This study is selected by several members of the original task force with specific expertise in basic/translational science. Data extraction and data synthesis are not available. Conclusions In the first of a series of follow-up reports to the original paper, several members of the original task force with specific expertise provided a more in-depth analysis of the five identified priorities directly related to basic/translational science. This analysis expounds on what is known about the question and what was identified as priorities for ongoing research. It is hoped that this analysis will aid the development of future research initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford S Deutschman
- Department of Pediatrics, Hofstra/Northwell School of Medicine and the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research/Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell School of Medicine and the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research/Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA.
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ricard Ferrer Roca
- Intensive Care Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation (SODIR) Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel De Backer
- Chirec Hospitals, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Craig M Coopersmith
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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14
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McBride MA, Owen AM, Stothers CL, Hernandez A, Luan L, Burelbach KR, Patil TK, Bohannon JK, Sherwood ER, Patil NK. The Metabolic Basis of Immune Dysfunction Following Sepsis and Trauma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1043. [PMID: 32547553 PMCID: PMC7273750 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Critically ill, severely injured and high-risk surgical patients are vulnerable to secondary infections during hospitalization and after hospital discharge. Studies show that the mitochondrial function and oxidative metabolism of monocytes and macrophages are impaired during sepsis. Alternatively, treatment with microbe-derived ligands, such as monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), peptidoglycan, or β-glucan, that interact with toll-like receptors and other pattern recognition receptors on leukocytes induces a state of innate immune memory that confers broad-spectrum resistance to infection with common hospital-acquired pathogens. Priming of macrophages with MPLA, CPG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN), or β-glucan induces a macrophage metabolic phenotype characterized by mitochondrial biogenesis and increased oxidative metabolism in parallel with increased glycolysis, cell size and granularity, augmented phagocytosis, heightened respiratory burst functions, and more effective killing of microbes. The mitochondrion is a bioenergetic organelle that not only contributes to energy supply, biosynthesis, and cellular redox functions but serves as a platform for regulating innate immunological functions such as production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulatory intermediates. This review will define current knowledge of leukocyte metabolic dysfunction during and after sepsis and trauma. We will further discuss therapeutic strategies that target leukocyte mitochondrial function and might have value in preventing or reversing sepsis- and trauma-induced immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. McBride
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Allison M. Owen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Cody L. Stothers
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Antonio Hernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Liming Luan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Katherine R. Burelbach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Tazeen K. Patil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Julia K. Bohannon
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Edward R. Sherwood
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Naeem K. Patil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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15
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Chang X, Zhang X. Imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics induced by low PGC-1α expression contributes to hepatocyte EMT and liver fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:226. [PMID: 32269221 PMCID: PMC7142080 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics induced by oxidative stress may lead to hepatocyte epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and liver fibrosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics in hepatocyte EMT and liver fibrosis using an in vitro human (L-02 cells, hepatic cell line) and an in vivo mouse model of liver fibrosis. Findings showed that oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial DNA damage was associated with abnormal mitochondrial fission and hepatocyte EMT. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers apocynin and mito-tempo effectively attenuated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced abnormal mitochondrial fission and liver fibrosis. Restoring mitochondrial biogenesis attenuated hepatocyte EMT. Oxidative stress-induced abnormal hepatocyte mitochondrial fission events by a mechanism that involved the down regulation of PGC-1α. PGC-1α knockout mice challenged with CCl4 had increased abnormal mitochondrial fission and more severe liver fibrosis than wild type mice. These results indicate that PGC-1α has a protective role in oxidative stress-induced-hepatocyte EMT and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhong Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanghao Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxiang Chang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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16
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Li Y, Song J, Xie Z, Liu M, Sun K. Long noncoding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed alleviates sepsis-induced liver injury via regulating miR-126-5p. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:440-451. [PMID: 32031750 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we intended to determine the detailed function and mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) in liver injury induced by sepsis. Cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) models were adopted to induce sepsis in vivo with rats, and hepatic epithelial cells L02 were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic sepsis in vitro. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the serum of rats. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the expressions of CRNDE and microRNA-126-5p (miR-126-5p). Flow cytometry analysis and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method were carried out followed by the up- or downregulation of CRNDE and miR-126-5p to monitor the proliferation and apoptosis of L02 cells, respectively. Western blot was then applied to determine the expressions of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (caspase 3), poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP), cytochrome c, and BCL2-like 2 (BCL2L2). The interactions between CRNDE with miR-126-5p and miR-126-5p with BCL2L2 were determined through bioinformatics, qRT-PCR, dual luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. CRNDE was significantly decreased in liver tissues and hepatic cells in sepsis models. Upregulation of CRNDE promoted the viability of L02 cells and inhibited their apoptosis, while downregulation of CRNDE had opposite effects. The expression of CRNDE in liver tissues of septic rats was correlated with the expression miR-126-5p. It was also demonstrated that the transfection of miR-126-5p mimics reversed the inhibitory effect induced by CRNDE on apoptosis of L02 cells. CRNDE could specifically bind to miR-126-5p and reduce its expression, in turn promote the expression of BCL2L2. Additionally, CRNDE overexpression in rats ameliorated liver injury induced by sepsis. Downregulated CRNDE aggravates hepatic injury via regulating miR-126-5p and BCL2L2 during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zichen Xie
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyu Sun
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Hagiwara J, Yamada M, Motoda N, Yokota H. Intravenous Immunoglobulin Attenuates Cecum Ligation and Puncture-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Apoptosis of Alveolar Epithelial Cells. J NIPPON MED SCH 2019; 87:129-137. [PMID: 31902854 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2020_87-303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy has been used to treat sepsis, but its mechanisms of action remain unclear. Sepsis causes multiple organ failure, such as acute lung injury (ALI), which involves apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells. In this study, we hypothesized that IVIG suppresses apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells and evaluated mortality, cytokine levels, histological changes in the lung, and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis after IVIG administration, in mice with experimentally induced sepsis. METHODS Mice received an injection of vehicle (saline) or immunoglobulin (100 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg) into the tail vein, after which they underwent cecal ligation and puncture. A sham-operated group was used as the normal control. Survival was assessed in all groups after 72 hours. Plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6, histopathological changes and wet-to-dry ratio in lung, and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis were evaluated in all groups at 4 hours after surgery. RESULTS In the vehicle group, histopathological injury of the lung was severe, and apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells was significant. Survival and plasma cytokine levels were better in the IVIG treatment groups than in the vehicle group. IVIG 400 mg/kg suppressed apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells and reduced ALI. CONCLUSION IVIG suppressed inflammatory cytokine levels and improved survival. Lung histopathology and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis were improved by IVIG treatment, in a dose-dependent manner. Suppressing apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells appears to be a mechanism by which IVIG improves survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hagiwara
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Marina Yamada
- Faculty of Medical Science, Nippon Sport Science University
| | - Norio Motoda
- Department of Pathology, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
| | - Hiroyuki Yokota
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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18
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Peng W, Huang J, Zheng Y, Ding Y, Li S, Zhang J, Lyu J, Zeng Q. UCP2 silencing aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction in astrocytes under septic conditions. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4459-4466. [PMID: 31702042 PMCID: PMC6797937 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays a positive role in sepsis. However, the role of UCP2 in experimental sepsis in astrocytes remains unknown. The present study was designed to determine whether UCP2 has a protective effect in an experimental sepsis model in astrocytes asnd to clarify the mechanisms responsible for its neuroprotective effects after sepsis. An experimental astrocyte model mimicking sepsis-induced brain injury was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-γ. Additionally, UCP2 knockdown in astrocytes was achieved by adenovirus transfection. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were assessed. The mitochondrial ultrastructure was evaluated, and the expression of UCP2 was determined by western blotting. LPS with IFN-γ co-stimulation increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of UCP2 in astrocytes, damaged the mitochondrial structure, and accelerated the release of TNF-α and IL-1β, resulting in a decrease in the MMP, and the excessive generation of ROS. Moreover, sepsis also caused a reduction in ATP production. The knockdown of UCP2 exacerbated astrocyte injury and mitochondrial impairment. In conclusion, both the function and morphology of mitochondria were damaged in an experimental model of sepsis in astrocytes, and knockdown of UCP2 using shRNA exacerbated this impairment, suggesting that UCP2 has a positive effect on astrocytes as determined in an experimental sepsis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Jinda Huang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Yijun Zheng
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Sitao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Lyu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qiyi Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
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19
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UCP2 ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 71:336-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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