1
|
Yasobant S, Ali S, Saxena D, Figueroa DP, Khan MMT. Editorial: The One Health approach in the context of public health. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1353709. [PMID: 38590816 PMCID: PMC10999541 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1353709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandul Yasobant
- Center for One Health Education, Research and Development, and Department of Public Health Sciences, India Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
- Global Health, Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahzad Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Deepak Saxena
- Center for One Health Education, Research and Development, and Department of Public Health Sciences, India Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
| | | | - Mohiuddin Md. Taimur Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Tri Cities, WA, United States
- Center for Molecular Discovery and Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mukherjee R, Vidic J, Auger S, Wen HC, Pandey RP, Chang CM. Exploring Disease Management and Control through Pathogen Diagnostics and One Health Initiative: A Concise Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 13:17. [PMID: 38247576 PMCID: PMC10812768 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The "One Health" initiative is a critical strategy that recognizes the interconnectedness between human, animal, and environmental health in the spread and containment of infectious pathogens. With the ease of global transportation, transboundary disease outbreaks pose a significant threat to food safety and security, endangering public health and having a negative economic impact. Traditional diagnostic techniques based on genotypic and phenotypic analyses are expensive, time-consuming, and cannot be translated into point-of-care tools, hindering effective disease management and control. However, with advancements in molecular methods, biosensors, and new generation sequencing, rapid and reliable diagnostics are now available. This review provides a comprehensive insight into emergent viral and bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the importance of "One Health" in connecting detection and effective treatment. By emphasizing the symbiotic relationship between human and animal health, this paper underscores the critical role of "One Health" initiatives in preventing and controlling infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riya Mukherjee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Master & Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jasmina Vidic
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (J.V.); (S.A.)
| | - Sandrine Auger
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (J.V.); (S.A.)
| | - Hsiao-Chuan Wen
- Department of Pet Healthcare, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Ramendra Pati Pandey
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Chung-Ming Chang
- Master & Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cui S, Xiong H, Feng Z, Chu Y, Que C, Qin J, Pan Y, Yu K, Jia L, Yao X, Liao J, Huo D, Guo C, Zhao H, Xu M, Tian Y, Peng Q, Li F, Xu H, Hong R, Zhang D, Wang G, Yang P, Gao GF, Wang Q. Severe pigeon paramyxovirus 1 infection in a human case with probable post-COVID-19 condition. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2251600. [PMID: 37606967 PMCID: PMC10469423 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2251600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic host variant of avian paramyxovirus 1. Sporadic outbreaks of PPMV-1 infection have occurred in pigeons in China; however, few cases of human PPMV-1 infection have been reported. The purpose of this article is to report a case of severe human PPMV-1 infection in an individual with probable post-COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID) who presented with rapidly progressing pulmonary infection. The patient was a 66-year-old man who was admitted to the intensive care unit 11 days after onset of pneumonia and recovered 64 days after onset. PPMV-1 was isolated from the patient's sputum and in cloacal smear samples from domesticated pigeons belonging to the patient's neighbour. Residual severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was detected in respiratory and anal swab samples from the patient. Sequencing analyses revealed that the PPMV-1 genome belonged to genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 and had the 112RRQKRF117 motif in the cleavage site of the fusion protein, which is indicative of high virulence. This case of cross-species transmission of PPMV-1 from a pigeon to a human highlights the risk of severe PPMV-1 infection in immunocompromised patients, especially those with long COVID. Enhanced surveillance for increased risk of severe viral infection is warranted in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Cui
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaomin Feng
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- Xicheng District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengli Que
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingning Qin
- Xicheng District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Pan
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunyao Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Jia
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of infection control, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiping Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da Huo
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiyan Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runsheng Hong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daitao Zhang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Yang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - George F. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEEID), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manageiro V, Caria A, Furtado C, Botelho A, Oleastro M, Gonçalves SC. Intersectoral collaboration in a One Health approach: Lessons learned from a country-level simulation exercise. One Health 2023; 17:100649. [PMID: 38116455 PMCID: PMC10728331 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intersectoral collaboration is an essential component of the One Health (OH) approach, which recognises the interconnectedness of the health of humans, animals, and the environment. The OH European Joint Programme (OHEJP) developed a national foodborne outbreak table-top simulation exercise (SimEx) to practice OH capacity and interoperability across the public health, animal health, and food safety sectors, improving OH preparedness for future disease outbreaks. The Portuguese OHEJP SimEx highlighted strengths and weaknesses regarding the roles and functions of available systems, the constraints of existing legislation, the importance of harmonisation and data sharing, and the creation of common main messages adapted to each target sector. However, there is still a long way to go to ensure cooperation among the Public Health, Animal Health, and Food Safety sectors, as a OH approach relies not only on the awareness of "field experts" but also on political and organisational willingness and commitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Manageiro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- ECDC Fellowship Programme, Public Health Microbiology Path (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Caria
- Animal Health and Epidemiology Division, Directorate-General for Food and Veterinary (DGAV), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Furtado
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Botelho
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Health, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Mónica Oleastro
- National Reference Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cavaco Gonçalves
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Health, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ahmed T, Tahir MF, Boden L, Kingston T. Future directions for One Health research: Regional and sectoral gaps. One Health 2023; 17:100584. [PMID: 38024280 PMCID: PMC10665172 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementation of a One Health approach varies considerably between different geographical regions and remains challenging to implement without greater inclusivity of different disciplinary capacity and expertise. We performed comparative analyses of abstracts presented at the 1st World One Health Congress (WOHC 2011) and 6th WOHC (2020) to explore and describe the evolving demographics and disciplinary scope of One Health research. We classified abstracts into six One Health research categories and twenty-three subcategories. We also recorded corresponding authors' country and regional affiliation as well as study country (i.e., the country in which the research was conducted) to explore potential asymmetries between funding recipients and study subjects. The WOHC has seen a significant expansion in participation over the last 10 years. The numbers of abstracts accepted to the Congress increased threefold over the last decade (i.e., 302 abstracts in 2010, and 932 abstracts in 2020). At both Congresses, "Disease Surveillance" accounted for the largest proportion (105/302 (35%) and 335/932 (36%) in 2010 and 2020, respectively) of all abstracts accepted. However, "Environmental and Ecological Issues" (33/302 (10%) and 94/932 (11%)), and "Sustainable Food Systems" (19/302 (6%) and 44/932 (4%)) were less well-represented categories of One Health research in both 1st and 6th WOHC respectively. In contrast, "Antimicrobial Resistance" related research increased substantially over time (4/302 (1%) in 2011) and (119/932 (13%) in 2020). There were also differences in the type of research by authors based in "Very High Human Development" index countries compared to "Medium and Low Human Development. "Public Policy" dominated the former, whereas "Disease Surveillance" dominated the latter, suggesting potential regional differences regarding One Health research priorities. The results of the study highlight potential regional gaps and differences in One Health research priorities, with respect to emphasis on operational (surveillance) versus strategic (policy) One Health activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Touseef Ahmed
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- Bat Conservation Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Muhammad Farooq Tahir
- Bat Conservation Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nation, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Integral Global, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lisa Boden
- Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Systems, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tigga Kingston
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Barrera S, Vázquez-Flores S, Needle D, Rodríguez-Medina N, Iglesias D, Sevigny JL, Gordon LM, Simpson S, Thomas WK, Rodulfo H, De Donato M. Serovars, Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Strains from Dairy Systems in Mexico. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1662. [PMID: 38136696 PMCID: PMC10740734 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella isolated from dairy farms has a significant effect on animal health and productivity. Different serogroups of Salmonella affect both human and bovine cattle causing illness in both reservoirs. Dairy cows and calves can be silent Salmonella shedders, increasing the possibility of dispensing Salmonella within the farm. The aim of this study was to determine the genomic characteristics of Salmonella isolates from dairy farms and to detect the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. A total of 377 samples were collected in a cross-sectional study from calves, periparturient cow feces, and maternity beds in 55 dairy farms from the states of Aguascalientes, Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Mexico, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tlaxcala, and Zacatecas. Twenty Salmonella isolates were selected as representative strains for whole genome sequencing. The serological classification of the strains was able to assign groups to only 12 isolates, but with only 5 of those being consistent with the genomic serotyping. The most prevalent serovar was Salmonella Montevideo followed by Salmonella Meleagridis. All isolates presented the chromosomal aac(6')-Iaa gene that confers resistance to aminoglycosides. The antibiotic resistance genes qnrB19, qnrA1, sul2, aph(6)-Id, aph(3)-ld, dfrA1, tetA, tetC, flor2, sul1_15, mph(A), aadA2, blaCARB, and qacE were identified. Ten pathogenicity islands were identified, and the most prevalent plasmid was Col(pHAD28). The main source of Salmonella enterica is the maternity areas, where periparturient shedders are contaminants and perpetuate the pathogen within the dairy in manure, sand, and concrete surfaces. This study demonstrated the necessity of implementing One Health control actions to diminish the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant and virulent pathogens including Salmonella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Barrera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro 76130, CP, Mexico; (S.B.); (D.I.); (H.R.)
| | - Sonia Vázquez-Flores
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro 76130, CP, Mexico; (S.B.); (D.I.); (H.R.)
| | - David Needle
- Veterinary Diagnostic Lab, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;
| | - Nadia Rodríguez-Medina
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Cuernavaca 62100, MR, Mexico;
| | - Dianella Iglesias
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro 76130, CP, Mexico; (S.B.); (D.I.); (H.R.)
| | - Joseph L. Sevigny
- Department Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; (J.L.S.); (L.M.G.); (S.S.); (W.K.T.)
| | - Lawrence M. Gordon
- Department Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; (J.L.S.); (L.M.G.); (S.S.); (W.K.T.)
| | - Stephen Simpson
- Department Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; (J.L.S.); (L.M.G.); (S.S.); (W.K.T.)
| | - W. Kelley Thomas
- Department Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; (J.L.S.); (L.M.G.); (S.S.); (W.K.T.)
| | - Hectorina Rodulfo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro 76130, CP, Mexico; (S.B.); (D.I.); (H.R.)
| | - Marcos De Donato
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro 76130, CP, Mexico; (S.B.); (D.I.); (H.R.)
- The Center for Aquaculture Technologies, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bakiika H, Obuku EA, Bukirwa J, Nakiire L, Robert A, Nabatanzi M, Robert M, Moses M, Achan MI, Kibanga JB, Nakanwagi A, Makumbi I, Nabukenya I, Lamorde M. Contribution of the one health approach to strengthening health security in Uganda: a case study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1498. [PMID: 37550671 PMCID: PMC10408150 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The One Health approach is key in implementing International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005) and the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA). Uganda is signatory to the IHR 2005 and in 2017, the country conducted a Joint External Evaluation (JEE) that guided development of the National Action Plan for Health Security (NAPHS) 2019-2023. AIM This study assessed the contribution of the One Health approach to strengthening health security in Uganda. METHODS A process evaluation between 25th September and 5th October 2020, using a mixed-methods case study. Participants were Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) from government ministries, departments, agencies and implementing partners. Focus group discussions were conducted for five technical areas (workforce development, real-time surveillance, zoonotic diseases, national laboratory systems and emergency response operations), spanning 18 indicators and 96 activities. Funding and implementation status from the NAPHS launch in August 2019 to October 2020 was assessed with a One Health lens. RESULTS Full funding was available for 36.5% of activities while 40.6% were partially funded and 22.9% were not funded at all. Majority (65%) of the activities were still in progress, whereas 8.6% were fully implemented and14.2% were not yet done. In workforce development, several multisectoral trainings were conducted including the frontline public health fellowship program, the One Health fellowship and residency program, advanced field epidemiology training program, in-service veterinary trainings and 21 district One Health teams' trainings. Real Time Surveillance was achieved through incorporating animal health events reporting in the electronic integrated disease surveillance and response platform. The national and ten regional veterinary laboratories were assessed for capacity to conduct zoonotic disease diagnostics, two of which were integrated into the national specimen referral and transportation network. Multisectoral planning for emergency response and the actual response to prioritized zoonotic disease outbreaks was done jointly. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the contribution of 'One Health' implementation in strengthening Uganda's health security. Investment in the funding gaps will reinforce Uganda's health security to achieve the IHR 2005. Future studies could examine the impacts and cost-effectiveness of One Health in curbing prioritized zoonotic disease outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Bakiika
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Ekwaro A Obuku
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Justine Bukirwa
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lydia Nakiire
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Aruho Robert
- Uganda Wildlife Authority, P.O Box 3530, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Maureen Nabatanzi
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mwebe Robert
- Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Industry and Fisheries, P.O Box 102, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Mwanja Moses
- Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Industry and Fisheries, P.O Box 102, Entebbe, Uganda
| | | | - John Baptist Kibanga
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Aisha Nakanwagi
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Issa Makumbi
- Public Health Emergency Operation Centre, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 7272, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Immaculate Nabukenya
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mohammed Lamorde
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Benis A, Haghi M, Deserno TM, Tamburis O. One Digital Health Intervention for Monitoring Human and Animal Welfare in Smart Cities: Viewpoint and Use Case. JMIR Med Inform 2023; 11:e43871. [PMID: 36305540 DOI: 10.2196/43871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart cities and digital public health are closely related. Managing digital transformation in urbanization and living spaces is challenging. It is critical to prioritize the emotional and physical health and well-being of humans and their animals in the dynamic and ever-changing environment they share. Human-animal bonds are continuous as they live together or share urban spaces and have a mutual impact on each other's health as well as the surrounding environment. In addition, sensors embedded in the Internet of Things are everywhere in smart cities. They monitor events and provide appropriate responses. In this regard, accident and emergency informatics (A&EI) offers tools to identify and manage overtime hazards and disruptive events. Such manifold focuses fit with One Digital Health (ODH), which aims to transform health ecosystems with digital technology by proposing a comprehensive framework to manage data and support health-oriented policies. We showed and discussed how, by developing the concept of ODH intervention, the ODH framework can support the comprehensive monitoring and analysis of daily life events of humans and animals in technologically integrated environments such as smart homes and smart cities. We developed an ODH intervention use case in which A&EI mechanisms run in the background. The ODH framework structures the related data collection and analysis to enhance the understanding of human, animal, and environment interactions and associated outcomes. The use case looks at the daily journey of Tracy, a healthy woman aged 27 years, and her dog Mego. Using medical Internet of Things, their activities are continuously monitored and analyzed to prevent or manage any kind of health-related abnormality. We reported and commented on an ODH intervention as an example of a real-life ODH implementation. We gave the reader examples of a "how-to" analysis of Tracy and Mego's daily life activities as part of a timely implementation of the ODH framework. For each activity, relationships to the ODH dimensions were scored, and relevant technical fields were evaluated in light of the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable principles. This "how-to" can be used as a template for further analyses. An ODH intervention is based on Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable data and real-time processing for global health monitoring, emergency management, and research. The data should be collected and analyzed continuously in a spatial-temporal domain to detect changes in behavior, trends, and emergencies. The information periodically gathered should serve human, animal, and environmental health interventions by providing professionals and caregivers with inputs and "how-to's" to improve health, welfare, and risk prevention at the individual and population levels. Thus, ODH complementarily combined with A&EI is meant to enhance policies and systems and modernize emergency management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arriel Benis
- Department of Digital Medical Technologies, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel
- Working Group "One Digital Health", European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI), Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, Switzerland
- Working Group "One Digital Health", International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), Chene-Bourg, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mostafa Haghi
- Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, HTWG Konstanz - University of Applied Sciences, Konstanz, Germany
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, Germany
- Working Group "Accident & Emergency Informatics", International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), Chene-Bourg, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Deserno
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, Germany
- Working Group "Accident & Emergency Informatics", International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), Chene-Bourg, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Oscar Tamburis
- Working Group "One Digital Health", European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI), Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, Switzerland
- Working Group "One Digital Health", International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), Chene-Bourg, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lefrançois T, Malvy D, Atlani-Duault L, Benamouzig D, Druais PL, Yazdanpanah Y, Delfraissy JF, Lina B. After 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, translating One Health into action is urgent. Lancet 2023; 401:789-794. [PMID: 36302392 PMCID: PMC9595398 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Denis Malvy
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Hospital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) UMR 1219, Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) EMR 271, Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laetitia Atlani-Duault
- Université Paris Cité, IRD, Ceped, Paris, France; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jean-François Delfraissy
- Comité Consultatif National d'Ethique, National Ethical Consultative Committee for Life Sciences and Health, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Lina
- HCL, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Centre National de Référence de virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe), Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France; CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team VirPath), Inserm U1111, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Leão I, de Carvalho TB, Henriques V, Ferreira C, Sampaio-Maia B, Manaia CM. Pseudomonadota in the oral cavity: a glimpse into the environment-human nexus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:517-534. [PMID: 36567346 PMCID: PMC9842593 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The phylum Pseudomonadota is amongst the most represented in the environment, with a comparatively lower prevalence in the human oral cavity. The ubiquity of Pseudomonadota and the fact that the oral cavity is the most likely entry portal of bacteria from external sources underlie the need to better understand its occurrence in the interface environment-humans. Yet, the relevance oral Pseudomonadota is largely underexplored in the scientific literature, a gap that this review aims at addressing by making, for the first time, an overview of the diversity and ecology of Pseudomonadota in the oral cavity. The screening of scientific literature and human microbiome databases unveiled 1328 reports of Pseudomonadota in the oral cavity. Most of these belonged to the classes Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria, mainly to the families Neisseriaceae, Campylobacteriaceae, and Pasteurelaceae. Others also regularly reported include genera such as Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Escherichia, Burkholderia, or Citrobacter, whose members have high potential to acquire virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. This review provides evidence that clinically relevant environmental Pseudomonadota may colonize humans via oral cavity. The need for further investigation about Pseudomonadota at the environment-oral cavity interface and their role as vectors potentially involved in virulence and antibiotic resistance transmission is demonstrated. KEY POINTS: • Neisseriaceae, Campylobacteriaceae, and Pasteurelaceae are part of the core oral microbiome • Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter, or Burkholderia are frequent in the oral microbiome • Gut dysbiosis may be associated with colonization by ubiquitous oral Pseudomonadota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Leão
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Bento de Carvalho
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Valentina Henriques
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Ferreira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Benedita Sampaio-Maia
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal ,Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia M. Manaia
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ali S, Alsayeqh AF. Review of major meat-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1045599. [PMID: 36589940 PMCID: PMC9799061 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1045599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of meat-borne pathogens to global disease transmission and food safety is significant for public health. These pathogens, which can cause a variety of diseases, include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The consumption of pathogen-contaminated meat or meat products causes a variety of diseases, including gastrointestinal ailments. Humans are susceptible to several diseases caused by zoonotic bacterial pathogens transmitted through meat consumption, most of which damage the digestive system. These illnesses are widespread worldwide, with the majority of the burden borne by developing countries. Various production, processing, transportation, and food preparation stages can expose meat and meat products to bacterial infections and/or toxins. Worldwide, bacterial meat-borne diseases are caused by strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella, Campylobacter, Brucella, Mycobacterium bovis, and toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium species, and Bacillus cereus. Additionally, consuming contaminated meat or meat products with drug-resistant bacteria is a severe public health hazard. Controlling zoonotic bacterial pathogens demands intervention at the interface between humans, animals, and their environments. This review aimed to highlight the significance of meat-borne bacterial zoonotic pathogens while adhering to the One Health approach for creating efficient control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Ali
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah F. Alsayeqh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Saxena K, Balani S, Srivastava P. The role of pharmaceutical industry in building resilient health system. Front Public Health 2022; 10:964899. [PMID: 36530653 PMCID: PMC9751196 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.964899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study explores the interrelationship among the current sustainability agenda of the pharmaceutical industry, based on the United Nation sustainable development goals (SDGs), the elements of the Joint External Evaluation (JEE) tool, and the triad components of the One Health approach. Methods A cross-walk exercise was conducted to identify commonalities among SDGs, JEE assessment tool, and One Health approach. An in-depth study of 10 global pharmaceutical firms' corporate sustainability reports and COVID-19 response plan for 2019-2020 was also conducted. Results The result of the exercise showed the existence of a direct and indirect relationship among the SDGs, elements of JEE assessment tool, and One Health approach. For example, both no poverty (SDG 1) and zero hunger (SDG 2) are linked with food safety targets under the JEE and with human and animal health under the One Health approach. Conclusion This study adds a new dimension emphasizing the possibility of tailoring the pharmaceutical industry's activities under the sustainability agenda to strengthen global health security while remaining consistent with the One Health approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Saxena
- Amity Business School, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India,*Correspondence: Kanika Saxena
| | - Sunita Balani
- Amity Business School, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pallavi Srivastava
- Human Research Management and Organizational Behaviour, Jaipuria Institute of Management, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kennedy CRM, de Bruin YB, Lequarré AS, Ackerman RT, Luster J, Tsang TM, McInturff KD, Carter CP, Pilch R. One Health security lessons from a year-long webinar series on international COVID-19 response. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2022; 4:15. [PMID: 36209267 PMCID: PMC9547628 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-022-00071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Following the principles outlined by the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network, the Federal Bureau of Investigation's International Biosecurity and Prevention Forum, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, and the Middlebury Institute of International Studies' James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies cohosted a webinar series from April 2020 to January 2021 on COVID-19 management across Africa, Europe, and North America. We provide here an overview of the webinar series and discuss how lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic and debated during the webinars can be used to bridge One Health with biological threat-driven health security. This report can be used to inform recommendations for future One Health security approaches to strengthen global capacity and multidisciplinary cooperation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuri Bruinen de Bruin
- Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Space, European Commission, Security, and Migration, Geel, Belgium and Ispra, Italy.
| | - Anne-Sophie Lequarré
- Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Space, European Commission, Security, and Migration, Geel, Belgium and Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Jill Luster
- Middlebury Institute of International Studies, James Martin Centre for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Richard Pilch
- Middlebury Institute of International Studies, James Martin Centre for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Innes GK, Lambrou AS, Thumrin P, Thukngamdee Y, Tangwangvivat R, Doungngern P, Noradechanon K, Netrabukkana P, Meidenbauer K, Mehoke T, Heaney CD, Hinjoy S, Elayadi AN. Enhancing global health security in Thailand: Strengths and challenges of initiating a One Health approach to avian influenza surveillance. One Health 2022; 14:100397. [PMID: 35686140 PMCID: PMC9171517 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious disease surveillance systems support early warning, promote preparedness, and inform public health response. Pathogens that have human, animal, and environmental reservoirs should be monitored through systems that incorporate a One Health approach. In 2016, Thailand's federal government piloted an avian influenza (AI) surveillance system that integrates stakeholders from human, animal, and environmental sectors, at the central level and in four provinces to monitor influenza A viruses within human, waterfowl, and poultry populations. This research aims to describe and evaluate Thailand's piloted AI surveillance system to inform strategies for strengthening and building surveillance systems relevant to One Health. We assessed this surveillance system using the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (U.S. CDC) “Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems” and added three novel metrics: transparency, interoperability, and security. In-depth key informant interviews were conducted with representatives among six Thai federal agencies and departments, the One Health coordinating unit, a corporate poultry producer, and the Thai Ministry of Public Health-U.S. CDC Collaborating Unit. Thailand's AI surveillance system demonstrated strengths in acceptability, simplicity, representativeness, and flexibility, and exhibited challenges in data quality, stability, security, interoperability, and transparency. System efforts may be strengthened through increasing laboratory integration, improving pathogen detection capabilities, implementing interoperable systems, and incorporating sustainable capacity building mechanisms. This innovative piloted surveillance system provides a strategic framework that can be used to develop, integrate, and bolster One Health surveillance approaches to combat emerging global pathogen threats and enhance global health security. Infectious disease surveillance systems are often siloed by host, pathogen, and route of entry. Thailand initiated an Avian Influenza surveillance system and adopted a One Health model. The system is strongest in acceptability, simplicity, representativeness, and flexibility.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ho CWL. Operationalizing "One Health" as "One Digital Health" Through a Global Framework That Emphasizes Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits From the Use of Artificial Intelligence and Related Digital Technologies. Front Public Health 2022; 10:768977. [PMID: 35592084 PMCID: PMC9110679 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.768977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The operationalization of One Health (OH) through digitalization is a means to deploy digital technologies (including Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data and related digital technologies) to better capacitate us to deal with growing climate exigency and related threats to human, animal and plant health. With reference to the concept of One Digital Health (ODH), this paper considers how digital capabilities can help to overcome ‘operational brakes’ in OH through new and deeper insights, better predictions, and more targeted or precise preventive strategies and public health countermeasures. However, the data landscape is fragmented and access to certain types of data is increasingly restrictive as individuals, communities and countries seek to assert greater control over data taken from them. This paper proposes for a dedicated global ODH framework—centered on fairness and equity—to be established to promote data-sharing across all the key knowledge domains of OH and to devise data-driven solutions to challenges in the human-animal-ecosystems interface. It first considers the data landscape in relation to: (1) Human and population health; (2) Pathogens; (3) Animal and plant health; and (4) Ecosystems and biodiversity. The complexification from the application of advance genetic sequencing technology is then considered, with focus on current debates over whether certain types of data like digital (genetic) sequencing information (DSI) should remain openly and freely accessible. The proposed ODH framework must augment the existing access and benefit sharing (ABS) framework currently prescribed under the Nagoya Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in at least three different ways. First, the ODH framework should apply to all genetic resources and data, including DSI, whether from humans or non-humans. Second, the FAIRER principles should be implemented, with focus on fair and equitable benefit-sharing. Third, the ODH framework should adopt multilateral approaches to data sharing (such as through federated data systems) and to ABS. By operationalizing OH as ODH, we are more likely to be able to protect and restore natural habitats, secure the health and well-being of all living things, and thereby realize the goals set out in the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework under the CBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Wai-Loon Ho
- Department of Law and Centre for Medical Ethics and Law, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Buyego P, Katwesigye E, Kebirungi G, Nsubuga M, Nakyejwe S, Cruz P, McCarthy MC, Hurt D, Kambugu A, Arinaitwe JW, Ssekabira U, Jjingo D. Feasibility of virtual reality based training for optimising COVID-19 case handling in Uganda. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:274. [PMID: 35418070 PMCID: PMC9006530 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03294-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemics and pandemics are causing high morbidity and mortality on a still-evolving scale exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Infection prevention and control (IPC) training for frontline health workers is thus essential. However, classroom or hospital ward-based training portends an infection risk due to the in-person interaction of participants. We explored the use of Virtual Reality (VR) simulations for frontline health worker training since it trains participants without exposing them to infections that would arise from in-person training. It does away with the requirement for expensive personal protective equipment (PPE) that has been in acute shortage and improves learning, retention, and recall. This represents the first attempt in deploying VR-based pedagogy in a Ugandan medical education context. METHODS We used animated VR-based simulations of bedside and ward-based training scenarios for frontline health workers. The training covered the donning and doffing of PPE, case management of COVID-19 infected individuals, and hand hygiene. It used VR headsets to actualize an immersive experience, via a hybrid of fully-interactive VR and 360° videos. The level of knowledge acquisition between individuals trained using this method was compared to similar cohorts previously trained in a classroom setting. That evaluation was supplemented by a qualitative assessment based on feedback from participants about their experience. RESULTS The effort resulted in a COVID-19 IPC curriculum adapted into VR, corresponding VR content, and a pioneer cohort of VR trained frontline health workers. The formalized comparison with classroom-trained cohorts showed relatively better outcomes by way of skills acquired, speed of learning, and rates of information retention (P-value = 4.0e-09). In the qualitative assessment, 90% of the participants rated the method as very good, 58.1% strongly agreed that the activities met the course objectives, and 97.7% strongly indicated willingness to refer the course to colleagues. CONCLUSION VR-based COVID-19 IPC training is feasible, effective and achieves enhanced learning while protecting participants from infections within a pandemic setting in Uganda. It is a delivery medium transferable to the contexts of other highly infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Buyego
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Grace Kebirungi
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Intensive Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mike Nsubuga
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Intensive Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Shirley Nakyejwe
- The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Intensive Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Phillip Cruz
- Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Meghan C McCarthy
- Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Darrell Hurt
- Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andrew Kambugu
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Umaru Ssekabira
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daudi Jjingo
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
- The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Intensive Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Information Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Roopnarine RR, Boeren E. A Focus on Methodology: A Mixed-Methods Approach to Conduct a Comprehensive Evaluation of the Need for One Health Education for Medical and Veterinary Students in the Context of COVID-19. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221080826. [PMID: 35237047 PMCID: PMC8883371 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221080826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The collaboration of health professionals across the interface of human, animal and environmental health, as embodied by the One Health concept (OH), is increasingly recognised as crucial for tackling diseases such as Ebola and COVID-19. This study was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, but in light of the current pandemic, the outcomes of this study highlight the need for educating Medical (MD) and Veterinary (DVM) students on the principles of OH. The purpose of this study was to determine the need for Interprofessional Education (IPE) initiatives that would familiarise MD and DVM students with the principles of OH, crucial to dissolving the siloes that have historically deterred collaboration. METHOD We used a sequential explanatory Methods Research (MMR) approach design to evaluate the readiness of 428 students consisting of MD, DVM and dual degree Master of Public Health (MPH) students (MD/MPH, DVM/MPH) for IPE, as well as to obtain faculty perspectives across these disciplines, on the need for curricula inclusion of IPE and OH. Two methods of data collection were employed: A survey and 2 focus groups interviews. RESULTS The use of an MMR approach allowed us to comprehensively evaluate the need for OH education through the lenses of the students and faculty using a joint display that facilitated data integration and evaluation. Overall, the dual degree students had the greatest readiness for IPE, and MD students the lowest level of readiness for shared learning. The dual degree students had the most accurate understanding of OH competencies that consider the impacts of climate change, food security, antimicrobial resistance, health policy formation and zoonoses occurrence on human health. Themes derived from the focus group interviews revealed that faculty perceived OH education as crucial for preparing MD and DVM students for practice. CONCLUSION The comprehensive assessment of the student and faculty perspectives, obtained using an MMR approach, illustrated that the incorporation of OH competencies within the MD and DVM curricula are crucial for preparing students for practice in the global environment. The dual degree pathway provides insight into how OH can be successfully incorporated within the curricula of these programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohini R Roopnarine
- Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George’s University; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, St. George’s, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Ellen Boeren
- School of Education, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Deb AK, Biswas B, Naidu R, Rahman MM. Mechanistic insights of hexavalent chromium remediation by halloysite-supported copper nanoclusters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126812. [PMID: 34396956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) pollution is a significant environmental concern with remediation challenge. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is more toxic than trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) due to its mutagenicity and oncogenicity. In this investigation, a multi-functional material, copper nanoclusters (CuNCs)-halloysite nanotubes (HNT) composite (CuNCs@HNT), has been synthesised in an eco-friendly manner and utilised for Cr(VI) remediation. Advanced analytical tools confirmed the seeding of ultra-fine CuNCs onto HNT surfaces. The maximum adsorption capacity of CuNCs@HNT is 79.14 ± 6.99 mg/g at pH 5 ± 0.1 with an increment at lower pHs. This performance was comparable for real surface stream water as well as other reported materials. The pseudo-second-order kinetic-, intra-particle diffusion- and Freundlich isotherm models well fit the experimental data implying that the chemisorption, multiphase diffusion and multi-molecular layer distribution occurred during adsorption. The Fourier-transform infrared and the x-ray photoelectron spectra also ensured the transformation of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) indicating the material's suitability for concurrent adsorption and reduction of Cr(VI). While coexisting cations and anions did not overwhelm this adsorption, CuNCs@HNT was regenerated and reused five successive times in adsorption-desorption cycles without significant loss of adsorption capacity and material's integrity. Therefore, this multi-functional, biocompatible, low-cost and stable CuNCs@HNT composite may have practical application for similar toxic metals remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Kanti Deb
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Bhabananda Biswas
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, STEM UniSA, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bonny P, Schaeffer J, Besnard A, Desdouits M, Ngang JJE, Le Guyader FS. Human and Animal RNA Virus Diversity Detected by Metagenomics in Cameroonian Clams. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:770385. [PMID: 34917052 PMCID: PMC8669915 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.770385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many recent pandemics have been recognized as zoonotic viral diseases. While their origins remain frequently unknown, environmental contamination may play an important role in emergence. Thus, being able to describe the viral diversity in environmental samples contributes to understand the key issues in zoonotic transmission. This work describes the use of a metagenomic approach to assess the diversity of eukaryotic RNA viruses in river clams and identify sequences from human or potentially zoonotic viruses. Clam samples collected over 2years were first screened for the presence of norovirus to verify human contamination. Selected samples were analyzed using metagenomics, including a capture of sequences from viral families infecting vertebrates (VirCapSeq-VERT) before Illumina NovaSeq sequencing. The bioinformatics analysis included pooling of data from triplicates, quality filtering, elimination of bacterial and host sequences, and a deduplication step before de novo assembly. After taxonomic assignment, the viral fraction represented 0.8–15% of reads with most sequences (68–87%) remaining un-assigned. Yet, several mammalian RNA viruses were identified. Contigs identified as belonging to the Astroviridae were the most abundant, with some nearly complete genomes of bastrovirus identified. Picobirnaviridae sequences were related to strains infecting bats, and few others to strains infecting humans or other hosts. Hepeviridae sequences were mostly related to strains detected in sponge samples but also strains from swine samples. For Caliciviridae and Picornaviridae, most of identified sequences were related to strains infecting bats, with few sequences close to human norovirus, picornavirus, and genogroup V hepatitis A virus. Despite a need to improve the sensitivity of our method, this study describes a large diversity of RNA virus sequences from clam samples. To describe all viral contaminants in this type of food, and being able to identify the host infected by viral sequences detected, may help to understand some zoonotic transmission events and alert health authorities of possible emergence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Bonny
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, LSEM/SG2M, Ifremer, Nantes, France.,Département de Microbiologie, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Centre de Recherche en Alimentation et Nutrition, IMPM, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Julien Schaeffer
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, LSEM/SG2M, Ifremer, Nantes, France
| | - Alban Besnard
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, LSEM/SG2M, Ifremer, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Desdouits
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, LSEM/SG2M, Ifremer, Nantes, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Coghlan S, Coghlan BJ, Capon A, Singer P. A bolder One Health: expanding the moral circle to optimize health for all. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2021; 3:21. [PMID: 34872624 PMCID: PMC8650417 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-021-00053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One Health is a ground-breaking philosophy for improving health. It imaginatively challenges centuries-old assumptions about wellbeing and is now widely regarded as the 'best solution' for mitigating human health problems, including pandemic zoonotic diseases. One Health's success is imperative because without big changes to the status quo, great suffering and ill-health will follow. However, even in its more ambitious guises, One Health is not radical enough. For example, it has not embraced the emerging philosophical view that historical anthropocentrism is an unfounded ethical prejudice against other animals. This paper argues that One Health should be more imaginative and adventurous in its core philosophy and ultimately in its recommendations and activities. It must expand the circle of moral concern beyond a narrow focus on human interests to include nonhuman beings and the environment. On this bolder agenda, progressive ethical and practical thinking converge for the benefit of the planet and its diverse inhabitants-human and nonhuman.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony Capon
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chan OSK, Bradley KCF, Grioni A, Lau SKP, Li WT, Magouras I, Naing T, Padula A, To EMW, Tun HM, Tutt C, Woo PCY, Bloch R, Mauroo NF. Veterinary Experiences can Inform One Health Strategies for Animal Coronaviruses. ECOHEALTH 2021; 18:301-314. [PMID: 34542794 PMCID: PMC8450722 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-021-01545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia S K Chan
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Patrick Manson Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
| | - Katriona C F Bradley
- Tai Wai Small Animal and Exotic Hospital, G/F, Lap Wo Building, 69-75 Chik Shun St, Tai Wai, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Alessandro Grioni
- Fauna Conservation Department, Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Susanna K P Lau
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 26, 19/F, Block T, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wen-Ta Li
- Department of Pathology, Pangolin International Biomedical Consultant Ltd., Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ioannis Magouras
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tint Naing
- Soares Avenue Paws and Claws Clinic, G/F No 29 - 33 Soares Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Andrew Padula
- Australian Venom Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Esther M W To
- Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, The Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Room 509, Cheung Sha Wan Government Offices, 303 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Sham Shui Po, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hein Min Tun
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Patrick Manson Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Cedric Tutt
- Cape Animal Dentistry Service, 78 Rosmead Avenue, Kenilworth, Cape Town, 7708, South Africa
| | - Patrick C Y Woo
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 26, 19/F, Block T, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rebecca Bloch
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nathalie F Mauroo
- Hong Kong Wildlife Health Foundation, GPO Box 12585, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Osman M, Rafei R, Ismail MB, Omari SA, Mallat H, Dabboussi F, Cazer C, Karah N, Abbara A, Hamze M. Antimicrobial resistance in the protracted Syrian conflict: halting a war in the war. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:825-845. [PMID: 34223789 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Syrian conflict has damaged key infrastructure and indirectly affected almost all parts of the Middle East and Europe, with no end in sight. Exhausting conditions created by the Syrian crisis and related massive displacement promote the emergence of numerous public health problems that fuel antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development. Here, we explore the current situation of the Syrian displaced population, and AMR inside Syria and among refugees in host countries. We then suggest a roadmap of selected key interventions and strategies to address the threat of AMR in the context of the Syrian crisis. These recommendations are intended to urge health policy-makers in governments and international health organizations to optimize and push for implementing an effective policy taking into consideration the current obstacles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Department of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Rayane Rafei
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Bachar Ismail
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Al Omari
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Mallat
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Casey Cazer
- Department of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Nabil Karah
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aula Abbara
- Department of Infection, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kotwal A, Yadav A. Biothreat & One Health: Current scenario & way forward. Indian J Med Res 2021; 153:257-263. [PMID: 33906987 PMCID: PMC8204829 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_583_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increased connectedness among humans, animals, and the environment and the current pandemic has taught the interlinking of the health of humans, animals and the planet. This inter-connectedness and factors like population growth, migration, urbanization, and climate change contribute significantly to the enhanced probability of emergence of previously unknown wildlife source pathogens at any place, any time, and without warning. Lurking in the background is the massive potential for the deliberate use of biological agents as weapons by State or non-State entities. Biological weapons have been used in wars since antiquity, however, newer research and techniques have led to these being real threats with a vast potential of harm to humans, animals, and crops. Over a period, it has become increasingly difficult to differentiate between deliberate and natural biothreat incidents. The response to both types is alike to safeguard lives, livestock, crops and the environment and reduce the consequent socio-economic ramifications. Biothreat may be targeted towards humans, animals, or crops, or all these concurrently. Every country including India is at risk of biothreat. The concept of one health is thus essential for responding to emerging infectious diseases or biothreats. Comprehensive surveillance for early detection, reporting and early concerted action is needed for prevention and blunting the effect of biothreats, which require close coordination and collaboration among various stakeholders within each country as well as globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kotwal
- National Health Systems Resource Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Yadav
- Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bhatia R. Addressing challenge of zoonotic diseases through One Health approach. Indian J Med Res 2021; 153:249-252. [PMID: 33906985 PMCID: PMC8204838 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_374_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Bhatia
- Former Director, Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization South-East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi 110 002, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Belay S, Giday M, Manyazewal T. Harnessing Clinical Trial Capacity to Mitigate Zoonotic Diseases: The Role of Expert Scientists in Ethiopia. Front Public Health 2021; 9:621433. [PMID: 33869126 PMCID: PMC8047130 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.621433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The emergence and resurgence of zoonotic diseases have continued to be a major threat to global health and the economy. Developing countries are particularly vulnerable due to agricultural expansions and domestication of animals with humans. Scientifically sound clinical trials are important to find better ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat zoonotic diseases, while there is a lack of evidence to inform the clinical trials' capacity and practice in countries highly affected with the diseases. This study aimed to investigate expert scientists' perceptions and experiences in conducting clinical trials toward zoonotic diseases in Ethiopia. Methods: This study employed a descriptive, qualitative study design. It included major academic and research institutions in Ethiopia that had active engagements in veterinary and public health researches. It included the National Veterinary Institute, the National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, the College of Veterinary Medicine at Addis Ababa University, the Ethiopian Public Health Institute, the Armauer Hansen Research Institute, and the College of Health Sciences at Addis Ababa University. In-depth interviews were conducted with expert scientists. Data were collected from October 2019 to April 2020. Data analysis was undertaken using open code 4.03 for qualitative data analysis. Results: Five major themes, with 18 sub-themes, emerged from the in-depth interviews. These were: challenges in the prevention, control, and treatment of zoonotic diseases; One Health approach to mitigate zoonotic diseases; personal and institutional experiences in conducting clinical trials on zoonotic diseases; barriers in conducting clinical trials toward zoonotic diseases; and strategies that promote conducting clinical trials on zoonotic diseases. Conducting clinical trials on zoonotic diseases in Ethiopia is hampered by a lack of clearly articulated ethics and regulatory frameworks, trial experts, financial resources, and good governance. Conclusion: In Ethiopia, conducting clinical trials on zoonotic diseases deserves due attention. Strengthening institutional and human resources capacity is a pre-condition to harness effective implementation of clinical trials on zoonotic diseases in the country. In Ethiopia where skilled human resource is scarce, One Health approach has the potential to form multidisciplinary teams to systematically improve clinical trials capacity and outcomes in the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senait Belay
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Mirutse Giday
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tsegahun Manyazewal
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Benis A, Tamburis O, Chronaki C, Moen A. One Digital Health: A Unified Framework for Future Health Ecosystems. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e22189. [PMID: 33492240 PMCID: PMC7886486 DOI: 10.2196/22189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One Digital Health is a proposed unified structure. The conceptual framework of the One Digital Health Steering Wheel is built around two keys (ie, One Health and digital health), three perspectives (ie, individual health and well-being, population and society, and ecosystem), and five dimensions (ie, citizens’ engagement, education, environment, human and veterinary health care, and Healthcare Industry 4.0). One Digital Health aims to digitally transform future health ecosystems, by implementing a systemic health and life sciences approach that takes into account broad digital technology perspectives on human health, animal health, and the management of the surrounding environment. This approach allows for the examination of how future generations of health informaticians can address the intrinsic complexity of novel health and care scenarios in digitally transformed health ecosystems. In the emerging hybrid landscape, citizens and their health data have been called to play a central role in the management of individual-level and population-level perspective data. The main challenges of One Digital Health include facilitating and improving interactions between One Health and digital health communities, to allow for efficient interactions and the delivery of near–real-time, data-driven contributions in systems medicine and systems ecology. However, digital health literacy; the capacity to understand and engage in health prevention activities; self-management; and collaboration in the prevention, control, and alleviation of potential problems are necessary in systemic, ecosystem-driven public health and data science research. Therefore, people in a healthy One Digital Health ecosystem must use an active and forceful approach to prevent and manage health crises and disasters, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arriel Benis
- Faculty of Technology Management, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel.,Faculty of Digital Medical Technologies, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel
| | - Oscar Tamburis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anne Moen
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ruckert A, Zinszer K, Zarowsky C, Labonté R, Carabin H. What role for One Health in the COVID-19 pandemic? Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 111:641-644. [PMID: 32909226 PMCID: PMC7480204 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00409-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This commentary discusses the contributions that One Health (OH) principles can make in improving the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We highlight four areas where the application of OH has the potential to significantly improve the governance of infectious diseases in general, and of COVID-19 in particular. First, more integrated surveillance infrastructure and monitoring of the occurrence of infectious diseases in both humans and animals can facilitate the detection of new infectious agents sharing similar genotypes across species and the monitoring of the spatio-temporal spread of such infections. This knowledge can guide public and animal health officials in their response measures. Second, application of the OH approach can improve coordination and active collaboration among stakeholders representing apparently incompatible domains. Third, the OH approach highlights the need for an effective institutional landscape, facilitating adequate regulation of hotspots for transmission of infectious agents among animals and humans, such as live animal markets. And finally, OH thinking emphasizes the need for equitable solutions to infectious disease challenges, suggesting that policy response mechanisms and interventions need to be reflective of the disproportionate disease burdens borne by vulnerable and marginalized populations, or by persons providing health care and other essential services to those sick.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Ruckert
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 3Z7, Canada.
| | - Kate Zinszer
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - Christina Zarowsky
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - Ronald Labonté
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 3Z7, Canada
| | - Hélène Carabin
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jiguet F. The Fox and the Crow. A need to update pest control strategies. BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 2020; 248:108693. [PMID: 32834058 PMCID: PMC7342009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery that cats and mustelids can be infected by SARS-CoV-2 may raise the question of monitoring domestic, feral and wild populations of such animals, as an adjunct to the elimination of COVID-19 in humans. Emergency solutions might consider large scale control of these animals in the wild. However, looking at science recently published on native vertebrate pest control reveals first that usual controls do not succeed in reducing animal numbers and associated damages, second that controlling can be counter-productive in increasing the infectious risks for humans and livestock. The examples of red fox and corvids are detailed in a European context, illustrating the urgent need for an ethical evaluation of ecological and economic costs and benefits of pest control strategies. A complete scientific evaluation process must be implemented and up-dated regularly, to be organized in four major steps, once the aim of the control strategy has been defined: (1) evaluating damages/risks caused by the animals, to be balanced with the ecosystem services they may provide, also in terms of economic costs; (2) unravelling spatial and temporal population dynamics of target animals to identify, if any, optimal control scenarios - which could be done within an adaptive management framework; (3) estimating the economic costs of implementing those optimal control scenarios, to be compared to the economic costs of damages/diseases; (4) finally evaluating how the control strategy reached its aims. A modern fable of the Fox and the Crow should deliver a timely moral for an ethical, ecological and economical appraisal of pest control strategies in Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Jiguet
- UMR7204 Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation, MNHN-CNRS-SU, CP135, 43 Rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hernández M, Abad D, Eiros JM, Rodríguez-Lázaro D. Are Animals a Neglected Transmission Route of SARS-CoV-2? Pathogens 2020; 9:E480. [PMID: 32570713 PMCID: PMC7350367 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Little information on the SARS-CoV-2 virus in animals is available to date. Whereas no one husbandry animal case has been reported to date, which would have significant implications in food safety, companion animals play a role in COVID-19 epidemiology that opens up new questions. There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can infect felines, dogs and minks, and there is evidence of human-to-animal infection. Likewise, the S protein nucleotide sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus isolated in domestic animals and humans is identical, and the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 in cats is efficient. Besides, the epidemiological evidence for this current pandemic indicates that the spillover to humans was associated with close contact between man and exotic animals, very probably in Chinese wet markets, thus there is a growing general consensus that the exotic animal markets, should be strictly regulated. The examination of these findings and the particular role of animals in COVID-19 should be carefully analyzed in order to establish preparation and containment measures. Animal management and epidemiological surveillance must be also considered for COVID-19 control, and it can open up new questions regarding COVID-19 epidemiology and the role that animals play in it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hernández
- Microbiology Division, Faculty of Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (M.H.); (D.A.)
| | - David Abad
- Microbiology Division, Faculty of Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (M.H.); (D.A.)
| | - José María Eiros
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario del Río Hortega, C/Dulzaina 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - David Rodríguez-Lázaro
- Microbiology Division, Faculty of Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (M.H.); (D.A.)
| |
Collapse
|