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Tuluwengjiang G, Rasulova I, Ahmed S, Kiasari BA, Sârbu I, Ciongradi CI, Omar TM, Hussain F, Jawad MJ, Castillo-Acobo RY, Hani T, Lakshmaiya N, Samaniego SSC. Dendritic cell-derived exosomes (Dex): Underlying the role of exosomes derived from diverse DC subtypes in cancer pathogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155097. [PMID: 38277745 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanometric membrane vesicles of late endosomal origin that are released by most, if not all, cell types as a sophisticated means of intercellular communication. They play an essential role in the movement of materials and information between cells, transport a variety of proteins, lipids, RNA, and other vital data, and over time, they become an essential part of the drug delivery system and a marker for the early detection of many diseases. Dendritic cells have generated interest in cancer immunotherapy due to their ability to initiate and modify effective immune responses. Apart from their cytokine release and direct interactions with other cell types, DCs also emit nanovesicles, such as exosomes, that contribute to their overall activity. Numerous studies have demonstrated exosomes to mediate and regulate immune responses against cancers. Dendritic cell-derived exosomes (DCs) have attracted a lot of attention as immunotherapeutic anti-cancer treatments since it was found that they contain functional MHC-peptide complexes along with a variety of other immune-stimulating components that together enable immune cell-dependent tumor rejection. By enhancing tumor and immunosuppressive immune cells or changing a pro-inflammatory milieu to inhibit tumor advancement, exosomes generated from dendritic cells can initiate and support tumor growth. This study reviewed the immunogenicity of dendritic cell-derived exosomes and strategies for expanding their immunogenic potential as novel and effective anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- Senior Researcher, School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave., Tashkent, 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Shamim Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Bahman Abedi Kiasari
- Microbiology & Immunology Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ioan Sârbu
- 2nd Department of Surgery-Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
| | - Carmen Iulia Ciongradi
- 2nd Department of Surgery-Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
| | - Thabit Moath Omar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technics, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Farah Hussain
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq
| | | | | | - Thamer Hani
- Dentistry Department, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Natrayan Lakshmaiya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Polański J, Świątoniowska-Lonc N, Kołaczyńska S, Chabowski M. Diet as a Factor Supporting Lung Cancer Treatment-A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061477. [PMID: 36986207 PMCID: PMC10053575 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence from epidemiological studies concerning associations between diet and the effectiveness of treatment for lung cancer. For this review, a literature search has been conducted in the EMBASE and PubMed databases, including papers published between 1977 and June 2022. The term "lung cancer" was used in conjunction with "diet". Footnotes from the selected papers were also analyzed. The present study is in line with the recommendations included in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The review included studies involving adults, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort and observational studies. In total, 863 papers were found, with duplicates excluded. Ultimately, 20 papers were reviewed. The present systematic review indicates that vitamin A, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), vitamin E, selenium, and zinc-as antioxidants-can strengthen the body's antioxidant barrier. Furthermore, preoperative immunonutrition may not only improve perioperative nutritional status following induction chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer surgery patients but also reduce the severity of postoperative complications. Similarly, a protein supply may exert a beneficial effect on human health by increasing average body weight and muscle mass. Omega-3 fatty acid content in the diet and the consumption of their main source, fish, may have some regulatory effect on inflammation in patients with lung cancer treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In addition, n-3 fatty acids inhibit tumor cell proliferation and may reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy. Increased energy and protein intake are strongly associated with improved quality of life, functional outcomes, hand grip strength, symptoms, and performance in patients with lung cancer. The use of a supportive diet should be the standard of care, alongside pharmaceutical therapy, in treatment for patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Polański
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension, and Clinical Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Kołaczyńska
- Department of Clinical Oncology, 4th Military Teaching Hospital, 50-981 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mariusz Chabowski
- Division of Anesthesiological and Surgical Nursing, Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Surgery, 4th Military Teaching Hospital, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland
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Chen HM, Sun L, Pan PY, Wang LH, Chen SH. Nutrient supplements from selected botanicals mediated immune modulation of the tumor microenvironment and antitumor mechanism. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:3435-3449. [PMID: 33877384 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Specific extracts of selected vegetables (SV) have been shown to benefit the survival of stage IIIb/IV non-small cell lung cancer patients in phase I/II studies and is currently in a phase III trial. However, the underlying mechanism of SV-mediated antitumor immune responses has not been elucidated. Our results indicate that SV modulated the NK and adoptive T cell immune responses in antitumor efficacy. Furthermore, antitumor effects of SV were also mediated by innate myeloid cell function, which requires both TLR and β-glucan signaling in a MyD88/TRIF and Dectin-1-dependent manner, respectively. Additionally, SV treatment reduced granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration into the tumor and limited monocytic MDSC toward the M2-like functional phenotype. Importantly, SV treatment enhanced antigen-specific immune responses by augmenting the activation of antigen-specific TH1/TH17 cells in secondary lymphoid organs and proliferative response, as well as by reducing the Treg population in the tumor microenvironment, which was driven by SV-primed activated M-MDSC. Our results support the idea that SV can subvert immune-tolerance state in the tumor microenvironment and inhibit tumor growth. The present study suggests that features, such as easy accessibility, favorable clinical efficacy, no detectable side effects and satisfactory safety make SV a feasible, appealing and convincing adjuvant therapy for the treatment of cancer patients and prevent tumor recurrence and/or metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Linus Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Lu-Hai Wang
- Institute of Integrated Medicine and Chinese Medical Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA.
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, 77030, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, USA.
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Yang Z, Ma Y, Zhao H, Yuan Y, Kim BYS. Nanotechnology platforms for cancer immunotherapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 12:e1590. [PMID: 31696664 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Various cancer therapies have advanced remarkably over the past decade. Unlike the direct therapeutic targeting of tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy is a new strategy that boosts the host's immune system to detect specific cancer cells for efficient elimination. Nanoparticles incorporating immunomodulatory agents can activate immune cells and modulate the tumor microenvironment to enhance antitumor immunity. Such nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapies have received considerable attention and have been extensively studied in recent years. This review thus focuses on nanoparticle-based platforms (especially naturally derived nanoparticles and synthetic nanoparticles) utilized in recent advances; summarizes delivery systems that incorporate various immune-modulating agents, including peptides and nucleic acids, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and other small immunostimulating agents; and introduces combinational cancer immunotherapy with nanoparticles, especially nanoparticle-based photo-immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based chemo-immunotherapy. Undoubtedly, the recent studies introduced in this review prove that nanoparticle-incorporated cancer immunotherapy is a highly promising treatment modality for patients with cancer. Nonetheless further research is needed to solve safety concerns and improve efficacy of nanoplatform-based cancer immunotherapy for future clinical application. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaogang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Yifan Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Betty Y S Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Frenkel M, Slater R, Sapire K, Sierpina V. Complementary and Integrative Medicine in Lung Cancer: Questions and Challenges. J Altern Complement Med 2018; 24:862-871. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2018.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Frenkel
- Department of Family Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
- Integrative Medicine Program, Institute of Oncology Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Robert Slater
- Department of Family Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Kenneth Sapire
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Victor Sierpina
- Department of Family Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
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Li W, Tse LA, Au JSK, Yu KS, Wang F, Yu ITS. Prognostic value of alcohol consumption and some other dietary habits for survival in a cohort of Chinese men with lung cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2017; 36:21. [PMID: 28187735 PMCID: PMC5303233 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-017-0188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Alcohol consumption and some other dietary habits are thought to be associated with lung cancer incidence. However, the effects of these habits on lung cancer prognosis have been studied rarely. The purpose of this study was to address these gaps in knowledge. Methods We studied a cohort of 1052 Chinese men in Hong Kong who were diagnosed with primary lung cancer. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the prognostic values of consumption of alcohol, fresh fruits or vegetables, meat, and fried or preserved food. Results Compared with never drinkers, men who drank alcohol 1–3 days per week had a more favorable lung cancer prognosis (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–0.97); however, this survival advantage was not significant in men who drank alcohol more frequently (HR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.73–1.14). Compared with men who consumed preserved or fried food only occasionally, men who consumed these foods frequently had a higher risk of lung cancer mortality (HR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.00–1.42). Conclusions Occasional consumption of alcohol was a favorable survival factor for Chinese men with lung cancer. However, this survival benefit did not exist for frequent drinkers of alcohol. Chinese men with lung cancer who were frequent consumers of fried or preserved food had a worse prognosis than those who consumed these foods only occasionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Li
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F School of Public Health and Primary Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F School of Public Health and Primary Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Joseph S K Au
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hong Kong Adventist Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Shing Yu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F School of Public Health and Primary Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F School of Public Health and Primary Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ignatius Tak-Sun Yu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F School of Public Health and Primary Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
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Rock CL, Doyle C, Demark-Wahnefried W, Meyerhardt J, Courneya KS, Schwartz AL, Bandera EV, Hamilton KK, Grant B, McCullough M, Byers T, Gansler T. Nutrition and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors. CA Cancer J Clin 2012; 62:243-74. [PMID: 22539238 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1318] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer survivors are often highly motivated to seek information about food choices, physical activity, and dietary supplements to improve their treatment outcomes, quality of life, and overall survival. To address these concerns, the American Cancer Society (ACS) convened a group of experts in nutrition, physical activity, and cancer survivorship to evaluate the scientific evidence and best clinical practices related to optimal nutrition and physical activity after the diagnosis of cancer. This report summarizes their findings and is intended to present health care providers with the best possible information with which to help cancer survivors and their families make informed choices related to nutrition and physical activity. The report discusses nutrition and physical activity guidelines during the continuum of cancer care, briefly highlighting important issues during cancer treatment and for patients with advanced cancer, but focusing largely on the needs of the population of individuals who are disease free or who have stable disease following their recovery from treatment. It also discusses select nutrition and physical activity issues such as body weight, food choices, food safety, and dietary supplements; issues related to selected cancer sites; and common questions about diet, physical activity, and cancer survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L Rock
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Seki T, Kida K, Maeda H. Immunostimulation-Mediated Anti-tumor Activity of Bamboo (Sasa senanensis) Leaf Extracts Obtained Under 'Vigorous' Condition. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2010; 7:447-57. [PMID: 18955335 PMCID: PMC2892347 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nen026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Japanese medicine uses the leaves of Kumaizasa bamboo extracted in hot water at 100°C. For this study, we developed a new, 'vigorous' extraction method involving steps at 100, 121 and 196°C. This procedure not only yielded greater amounts of extract but also with significant increase in immunostimulating activity, which induces activation of human natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and potent induction of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γ in tumor bearing mice. The efficacy of the extract to facilitate phagocytosis and nitric oxide production by mouse peritoneal macrophages was determined and compared with that of 1,3-β-glucan. Anti-tumor activity was evaluated in vivo in several mouse tumor models (S-180, C38 and Meth-A). Oral administration of the extracts was carried out when tumor reached size of approximately 6 mm at concentrations of 0.05% or higher. The extracts significantly suppressed tumor growth in S-180 and C38 tumor models. Overall survival was significantly prolonged in the treatment group than that of control. Activation of macrophages and NK cells by the extracts suggests that the anti-tumor efficacy of the extract is mediated by immunopotentiation. The extracts resolved into three major fractions (F-I, F-II and F-III) in Sephadex gel chromatography. Fraction F-I consists of 1,3-β-glucan and stimulated both macrophages and NK cells suggesting that it may be the primary immunopotentiating factor in suppressing cancer. Fraction F-III has potent free radical scavenging effects and may play an important role in cancer prevention. These results warrant further translation and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Seki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, BioDynamics Research Laboratory, Regional Cooperative Research Center of Kumamoto University and Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, BioDynamics Research Laboratory, Regional Cooperative Research Center of Kumamoto University and Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, BioDynamics Research Laboratory, Regional Cooperative Research Center of Kumamoto University and Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Anticancer Potentials of Root Extract of Polygala senega and Its PLGA Nanoparticles-Encapsulated Form. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 2011. [PMID: 20953431 PMCID: PMC2952309 DOI: 10.1155/2011/517204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ethanolic extract of Polygala senega (EEPS) had little or no cytotoxic effects on normal lung cells, but caused cell death and apoptosis to lung cancer cell line A549. In the present paper, ethanolic root extract of P. senega (EEPS) was nanoencapsulated (size: 147.7 nm) by deploying a biodegradable poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA). The small size of the NEEPS resulted in an enhanced cellular entry and greater bioavailability. The growth of cancer cells was inhibited better by NEEPS than EEPS. Both EEPS and NEEPS induced apoptosis of A549 cells, which was associated with decreased expression of survivin, PCNA mRNA, and increased expression of caspase-3, p53 mRNAs of A549 cells. The results show that the anticancer potential of the formulation of EEPS-loaded PLGA nanoparticles was more effective than EEPS per se, probably due to more aqueous dispersion after nanoencapsulation. Therefore, nanoencapsulated ethanolic root extract of P. senega may serve as a potential chemopreventive agent against lung cancer.
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In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Demonstrate Anticancer Property of Root Extract of Polygala senega. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2010; 3:188-96. [DOI: 10.1016/s2005-2901(10)60035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Ying H, Wang Y, Ning X, Zhou J, Zhao L, Shao Y, Bai C, Chen S. [Changes of exercise and the clinical effects among eldly non-small cell lung cancer survivors]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2010; 13:64-8. [PMID: 20672707 PMCID: PMC6000671 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2010.01.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 运动对健康有重要影响,可以提高癌症生存者的心血管系统功能、肌力和幸福感等,并减少乏力、焦虑、抑郁等。但目前关于肺癌患者治疗后运动能力的改变及其与肿瘤复发的关系目前尚不明了。本研究拟探讨老年非小细胞肺癌生存者体能锻炼行为模式的改变和临床意义。 方法 采用回顾分析方法,调查包括手术后、化放疗后病情稳定者和服用酪氨酸激酶抑制剂行靶向治疗的老年肺癌生存者,记录其诊断前、积极治疗3个月和1年的运动量和每周运动频率,了解患者运动动机和偏好,探讨运动与肿瘤复发的关系。 结果 调查了58例老年肺癌生存者,发现治疗期间老年肺癌生存者的体能锻炼参与比例下降,但1年后平均轻度体力活动较治疗前有增加。1年后运动基本达标的患者占75.9%(44/58),肺癌复发/进展率为20.0%(7/35),不达标的患者占24.1%(14/58),复发/进展率为35.7%(5/14),运动不达标时肿瘤复发/进展的风险比(risk ratio, RR)为2.14(95%CI:0.81-5.68, P=0.26)。肿瘤生存者运动的动机主要有改善健康、增加体能,维持正常生活方式、增加免疫力等,而最常见的障碍是疲乏、不舒服和缺少动机等。 结论 治疗期间老年肺癌生存者的体能锻炼参与比例降到原有的10%以下,而且即便是治疗完成后也不能恢复到诊断前的水平,运动不达标时和运动达标时患者肿瘤复发/进展的情况无明显差异,运动与肿瘤复发的关系有待进一步研究。
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Ying
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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12
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Toona sinensis extracts induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the human lung large cell carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2010; 26:68-75. [PMID: 20123594 DOI: 10.1016/s1607-551x(10)70010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toona sinensis extracts have been shown to exhibit anti-cancer effects in human ovarian cancer cell lines, human promyelocytic leukemia cells and human lung adenocarcinoma. Its safety has also been confirmed in animal studies. However, its anti-cancer properties in human lung large cell carcinoma have not been studied. Here, we used a powder obtained by freeze-drying the supernatant of centrifuged crude extract from Toona sinensis leaves (TSL-1) to treat the human lung carcinoma cell line H661. Cell viability was evaluated by the 3-(4-,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that TSL-1 blocked H661 cell cycle progression. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of cell cycle proteins that promote cell cycle progression, including cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and cyclin D1, and increased the expression of proteins that inhibit cell cycle progression, including p27. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis showed that TSL-1 induced H661 cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that TSL-1 reduced the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2, and degraded the DNA repair protein, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. TSL-1 shows potential as a novel therapeutic agent or for use as an adjuvant for treating human lung large cell carcinoma.
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Campos D, Austerlitz C, Allison RR, Póvoa H, Sibata C. Nutrition and Orthomolecular Supplementation in Lung Cancer Patients. Integr Cancer Ther 2009; 8:398-408. [DOI: 10.1177/1534735409344333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews updates and provides some data related to nutritional and orthomolecular supplementation in oncology patients with an emphasis on lung cancer, a commonly diagnosed tumor with significant nutritional disturbances. Cancer and its treatment play a significant role in nutritional imbalance which likely has negative impact on the patient both in terms of quality and quantity of life. Nutritional supplementation may correct these imbalances with significant clinical benefit both physiologically and psychologically. This review will help assist in providing clinically useful data to assess the cancer patient’s nutritional status and to guide nutritional intervention to assist these patients’ recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Campos
- The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA,
| | - Carlos Austerlitz
- The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Ron R. Allison
- The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | - Claudio Sibata
- The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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14
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Herbs and other botanicals in cancer patient care. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2008; 9:109-16. [PMID: 18612829 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-008-0061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Non-prescription herbal remedies are commonly used by cancer patients in efforts to control their disease or to manage symptoms associated with cancer and cancer treatments. We address the issues surrounding the use of herbs, herbal compounds, and other botanical agents in the oncology context. Botanicals are biologically active agents that can be useful under appropriate circumstances, but they may be counterproductive when used by patients on chemotherapy or on other prescription medications. Herbs and other botanical agents, despite common public belief, are not benign. They should be understood as unrefined pharmaceuticals, with the capacity to produce physiologic change for better or worse. Indeed, many prescription drugs, chemotherapeutic agents among them, were derived from plants and other natural agents, and the search for additional constituents of plants, animals, and minerals for use as pharmaceutical agents remains an active effort on many fronts. Cautions, appropriate application, and potential utility of botanical agents are discussed below, and sources of reliable information are provided.
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Skuladottir H, Tjoenneland A, Overvad K, Stripp C, Olsen JH. Does high intake of fruit and vegetables improve lung cancer survival? Lung Cancer 2006; 51:267-73. [PMID: 16469411 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2005.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2005] [Revised: 06/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to examine the prognostic effect of dietary intake of fruit and vegetables on lung cancer patients. We used data on 57,053 participants in the Danish prospective cohort study, 'Diet, Cancer and Health'. Patients in whom lung cancer was diagnosed constituted the final study cohort and were followed from the date of diagnosis until the date of death or 11 March 2004. A total of 353 participants had lung cancer. Increasing levels of intake of fruit and vegetables show a tendency toward decreased hazard of dying: the Cox proportional hazard model estimated a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59-1.21) for high intake of vegetables by current smokers and an HR of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.58-1.15) for high intake of fruits with low intake as the reference. In contrast, high intake of potatoes increased the hazard of dying (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.12-2.23). Our study suggests that high intake of fruit and vegetables might have a favourable effect on the prognosis of lung cancer patients, but a high intake of potatoes appears to increase the hazard of dying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halla Skuladottir
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Vickers AJ, Kuo J, Cassileth BR. Unconventional anticancer agents: a systematic review of clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24:136-40. [PMID: 16382123 PMCID: PMC1472241 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.03.8406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A substantial number of cancer patients turn to treatments other than those recommended by mainstream oncologists in an effort to sustain tumor remission or halt the spread of cancer. These unconventional approaches include botanicals, high-dose nutritional supplementation, off-label pharmaceuticals, and animal products. The objective of this study was to review systematically the methodologies applied in clinical trials of unconventional treatments specifically for cancer. METHODS MEDLINE 1966 to 2005 was searched using approximately 200 different medical subject heading terms (eg, alternative medicine) and free text words (eg, laetrile). We sought prospective clinical trials of unconventional treatments in cancer patients, excluding studies with only symptom control or nonclinical (eg, immune) end points. Trial data were extracted by two reviewers using a standardized protocol. RESULTS We identified 14,735 articles, of which 214, describing 198 different clinical trials, were included. Twenty trials were phase I, three were phase I and II, 70 were phase II, and 105 were phase III. Approximately half of the trials investigated fungal products, 20% investigated other botanicals, 10% investigated vitamins and supplements, and 10% investigated off-label pharmaceuticals. Only eight of the phase I trials were dose-finding trials, and a mere 20% of phase II trials reported a statistical design. Of the 27 different agents tested in phase III, only one agent had a prior dose-finding trial, and only for three agents was the definitive study initiated after the publication of phase II data. CONCLUSION Unconventional cancer treatments have not been subject to appropriate early-phase trial development. Future research on unconventional therapies should involve dose-finding and phase II studies to determine the suitability of definitive trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Vickers
- Integrative Medicine Service and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Abstract
The widespread use of a variety of nutritional, psychological and natural medical approaches, collectively termed complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), has been well documented. Recent surveys demonstrate that between 9% and 91% of US cancer patients use CAM therapies at some time after their diagnosis. Despite their extensive use, there is a paucity of data available to indicate whether these practices are efficacious and safe. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is implementing programs to increase the amount and quality of cancer CAM research, support the production of high-quality CAM cancer information, and facilitate the dialog between CAM practitioners and cancer researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D White
- Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Executive Plaza North, Suite 102, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Richardson MA, Straus SE. Complementary and alternative medicine: opportunities and challenges for cancer management and research. Semin Oncol 2002; 29:531-45. [PMID: 12516036 DOI: 10.1053/sonc.2002.50002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Given the widespread use of diverse complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) approaches by cancer patients, research to establish their safety and efficacy is critical as is improved patient-physician communication about their possible risks and benefits. The mission of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) is to support exacting research and disseminate clear and compelling information on CAM. Although many of the challenges facing such research are not unique to CAM, these approaches do present unique challenges, but the opportunities are many for prevention, palliation, and even treatment. Using the current research portfolio of NCCAM to illustrate how the field may mature, this report summarizes the challenges facing CAM investigators, the most fruitful areas for exploration, and existing information resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Richardson
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Suite 106, Bethesda, MD 20892-5475, USA
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Abstract
Apparent increases in the use of alternative medical interventions by patients with cancer represent a challenge and an opportunity for the conventional medical research establishment and medical practice communities. Conventional cancer researchers are beginning to investigate alternative medical interventions that are used by patients with cancer, and eventually this exploration will generate sufficient data to permit evidence-based recommendations about these modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D White
- Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Office of the Deputy Director of Extramural Science, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Executive Plaza North, Suite 102, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Sun AS, Yeh HC, Wang LH, Huang YP, Maeda H, Pivazyan A, Hsu C, Lewis ER, Bruckner HW, Fasy TM. Pilot study of a specific dietary supplement in tumor-bearing mice and in stage IIIB and IV non-small cell lung cancer patients. Nutr Cancer 2002; 39:85-95. [PMID: 11588907 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc391_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Previously, a specific dietary supplement, selected vegetables (SV), was found to be associated with prolonged survival of stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In this study, several anticancer components in SV were measured; the anticancer activity of SV was assessed using a lung tumor model, line 1 in BALB/c mice. SV was also used in conjunction with conventional therapies by stage IIIB and IV NSCLC patients whose survival and clinical responses were evaluated. A daily portion (283 g) of SV was found to contain 63 mg of inositol hexaphosphate, 4.4 mg of daidzein, 2.6 mg of genistein, and 16 mg of coumestrol. Mouse food containing 5% SV (wt/wt) was associated with a 53-74% inhibition of tumor growth rate. Fourteen of the 18 patients who ingested SV daily for 2-46 months were included in the analyses; none showed evidence of toxicity. The first lead case remained tumor free for > 133 months; the second case showed complete regression of multiple brain lesions after using SV and radiotherapy. The median survival time of the remaining 12 patients was 33.5 months, and one-year survival was > 70%. The median survival time of the 16 "intent-to-treat" patients (including ineligible patients) was 20 months, and one-year survival was 55%. The Karnofsky performance status of eligible patients was 55 +/- 13 at entry but improved to 92 +/- 9 after use of SV for five months or longer (p < 0.01). Five patients had stable lesions for 30, 30, 20, 12, and 2 months; two of them, whose primary tumor was resected, used SV alone and demonstrated an objective response of their metastatic tumors. In addition to the two lead cases, eight patients had no new metastases after using SV. Three patients had complete regression of brain metastases after using radiotherapy and SV. In this study, daily ingestion of SV was associated with objective responses, prolonged survival, and attenuation of the normal pattern of progression of stage IIIB and IV NSCLC. A large randomized phase III clinical trial is needed to confirm the results observed in this pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Sun
- Connecticut Institute for Aging and Cancer, Milford, CT 06460, USA
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