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Wang Z, Zhang G, Hu S, Fu M, Zhang P, Zhang K, Hao L, Chen S. Research progress on the protective effect of hormones and hormone drugs in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116764. [PMID: 38805965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood flow, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Restoring blood flow to the coronary artery is an effective clinical therapy for myocardial ischemia. This strategy helps lower the size of the myocardial infarction and improves the prognosis of patients. Nevertheless, if the disrupted blood flow to the heart muscle is restored within a specific timeframe, it leads to more severe harm to the previously deprived heart tissue. This condition is referred to as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Until now, there is a dearth of efficacious strategies to prevent and manage MIRI. Hormones are specialized substances that are produced directly into the circulation by endocrine organs or tissues in humans and animals, and they have particular effects on the body. Hormonal medications utilize human or animal hormones as their active components, encompassing sex hormones, adrenaline medications, thyroid hormone medications, and others. While several studies have examined the preventive properties of different endocrine hormones, such as estrogen and hormone analogs, on myocardial injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion, there are other hormone analogs whose mechanisms of action remain unexplained and whose safety cannot be assured. The current study is on hormones and hormone medications, elucidating the mechanism of hormone pharmaceuticals and emphasizing the cardioprotective effects of different endocrine hormones. It aims to provide guidance for the therapeutic use of drugs and offer direction for the examination of MIRI in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Gaojiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Meilin Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Pingyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Sichong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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Forini F, Nicolini G, Amato R, Balzan S, Saba A, Bertolini A, Andreucci E, Marracci S, Melecchi A, Terlizzi D, Zucchi R, Iervasi G, Lulli M, Casini G. Local modulation of thyroid hormone signaling in the retina affects the development of diabetic retinopathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166892. [PMID: 37758065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) dyshomeostasis is associated with poor prognosis in acute and prolonged illness, but its role in diabetic retinopathy (DR) has never been investigated. Here, we characterized the TH system in the retinas of db/db mice and highlighted regulatory processes in MIO-M1 cells. In the db/db retinas, typical functional traits and molecular signatures of DR were paralleled by a tissue-restricted reduction of TH levels. A local condition of low T3 (LT3S) was also demonstrated, which was likely to be induced by deiodinase 3 (DIO3) upregulation, and by decreased expression of DIO2 and of TH receptors. Concurrently, T3-responsive genes, including mitochondrial markers and microRNAs (miR-133-3p, 338-3p and 29c-3p), were downregulated. In MIO-M1 cells, a feedback regulatory circuit was evidenced whereby miR-133-3p triggered the post-transcriptional repression of DIO3 in a T3-dependent manner, while high glucose (HG) led to DIO3 upregulation through a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-hypoxia-inducible factor-1 pathway. Finally, an in vitro simulated condition of early LT3S and hyperglycemia correlated with reduced markers of both mitochondrial function and stress response, which was reverted by T3 replacement. Together, the data suggest that, in the early phases of DR, a DIO3-driven LT3S may be protective against retinal stress, while, in the chronic phase, it not only fails to limit HG-induced damage, but also increases cell vulnerability likely due to persistent mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Forini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvana Balzan
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Saba
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing (CISUP), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Bertolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | | | | | - Domiziana Terlizzi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zucchi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Casini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing (CISUP), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Turić I, Velat I, Bušić Ž, Čulić V. Circulating thyroid hormones and clinical parameters of heart failure in men. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20319. [PMID: 37985786 PMCID: PMC10662258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a multiple hormonal deficiency syndrome which includes alterations in the serum concentration of thyroid hormones (TH). This cross-sectional study enrolled 215 male patients hospitalised for acute HF. Data on cardiovascular risk factors, chronic medications, cardiac function assessed by echocardiography, and clinical parameters of HF were prospectively collected. The independent predictive association of TH with all investigated parameters of the HF severity were assessed. The patient's mean age was 74.4 years, 57.2% had arterial hypertension, 54.0% were consuming alcohol, and 42.3% were diabetics. Multivariate analysis revealed that total triiodothyronine (TT3) was an independent predictor of greater left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; β = 0.223, p = 0.008), less progressed left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD; β = - 0.271, p = 0.001) and lower N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; β = - 0.365, p < 0.001). None of the TH other than TT3 was associated with LVDD or NT-proBNP, whereas free triiodothyronine (β = - 0.197, p = 0.004), free thyroxine (β = - 0.223, p = 0.001) and total thyroxine (β = - 0.140, p = 0.041) were inversely associated with LVEF. The present study suggests that, among TH, serum TT3 level is most closely associated with echocardiographic, laboratory and clinical parameters of the severity of HF in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Turić
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Velat
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Željko Bušić
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Centre Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Viktor Čulić
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000, Split, Croatia.
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.
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4
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Li Y, Fan L, Wang X, Lv S. Shenmai injection ameliorates doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury by suppressing autophagy-apoptosis via miR-30a. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12400-12412. [PMID: 37938165 PMCID: PMC10683601 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Autophagy-apoptosis is the core mechanism of doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury. miR-30a is a pivotal factor in the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis. It remains unclear whether SMI exerts cardioprotective effect by regulating autophagy and apoptosis via miR-30a. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effects of SMI on ameliorating doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The level of LDH and CK, and the expression of miR-30a was detected. mCherry-EGFP-LC3B double fluorescence was used to observe autophagy flow. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI staining. Western Blot was used to estimate the expression of autophagy related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins. RESULTS Compared with the control group, there were evidently decreased cell viability, elevated level of LDH and CK, down-regulated expression of miR-30a in the model group. Data from Western blot and fluorescence indicated that doxorubicin contributed to the elevated autophagy and apoptosis. Compared with the model group, there were increased cell viability, decreased level of LDH and CK, and up-regulated expression of miR-30a in the Shenmai group and the Shenmai + miR-30a inhibitor group. Meanwhile, the results manifested that there were suppressed autophagy flow accompanied by the down-regulated expression of Beclin-1, LC3-II, LC3-II/LC3-I and up-regulated expression of p62 protein, and declined apoptosis rate accompanied by the up-regulated Bcl2 expression and the down-regulated expression of Bax, Cleaved Caspase-9, Cleaved Caspase-9/Caspase-9, Cleaved Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 in the Shenmai group and the Shenmai + miR-30a inhibitor group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Shenmai injection inhibited autophagy and apoptosis via miR-30a, thereby alleviating doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lu Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shichao Lv
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
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5
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Wang H, Yu W, Wang Y, Wu R, Dai Y, Deng Y, Wang S, Yuan J, Tan R. p53 contributes to cardiovascular diseases via mitochondria dysfunction: A new paradigm. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:846-858. [PMID: 37776918 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are leading causes of global mortality; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The tumor suppressor factor p53 has been extensively studied for its role in cancer and is also known to play an important role in regulating CVDs. Abnormal p53 expression levels and modifications contribute to the occurrence and development of CVDs. Additionally, mounting evidence underscores the critical involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVDs. Notably, studies indicate that p53 abnormalities directly correlate with mitochondrial dysfunction and may even interact with each other. Encouragingly, small molecule inhibitors targeting p53 have exhibited remarkable effects in animal models of CVDs. Moreover, therapeutic strategies aimed at mitochondrial-related molecules and mitochondrial replacement therapy have demonstrated their advantageous potential. Therefore, targeting p53 or mitochondria holds immense promise as a pioneering therapeutic approach for combating CVDs. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the mechanisms how p53 influences mitochondrial dysfunction, including energy metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondria-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial autophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics, in various CVDs. Furthermore, we summarize and discuss the potential significance of targeting p53 or mitochondria in the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ruihao Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yifei Dai
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ye Deng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, China.
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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6
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Ge T, Ning B, Wu Y, Chen X, Qi H, Wang H, Zhao M. MicroRNA-specific therapeutic targets and biomarkers of apoptosis following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04876-z. [PMID: 37878166 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are single-stranded non-coding RNAs that participate in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, it is involved in the regulation of apoptosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. For example, the alteration of mitochondrial structure is facilitated by MicroRNA-1 through the regulation of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and Bcl-2, thereby mitigating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. MicroRNA-21 not only modulates the expression of NF-κB to suppress inflammatory signals but also activates the PI3K/AKT pathway to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Overexpression of MicroRNA-133 attenuates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and suppressed the oxidative stress response, thereby mitigating cellular apoptosis. MicroRNA-139 modulates the extrinsic death signal of Fas, while MicroRNA-145 regulates endoplasmic reticulum calcium overload, both of which exert regulatory effects on cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Therefore, the article categorizes the molecular mechanisms based on the three classical pathways and multiple signaling pathways of apoptosis. It summarizes the targets and pathways of MicroRNA therapy for ischemia-reperfusion injury and analyzes future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ge
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Bo Ning
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yongqing Wu
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Hongfei Qi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Mingjun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Deputy 2, Weiyang West Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang, 712000, China.
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7
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Zhu XZ, Qiu Z, Lei SQ, Leng Y, Li WY, Xia ZY. The Role of P53 in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07480-x. [PMID: 37389674 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE P53 is one of the key tumor suppressors. In normal cells, p53 is maintained at low levels by the ubiquitination of the ubiquitinated ligase MDM2. In contrast, under stress conditions such as DNA damage and ischemia, the interaction between p53 and MDM2 is blocked and activated by phosphorylation and acetylation, thereby mediating the trans-activation of p53 through its target genes to regulate a variety of cellular responses. Previous studies have shown that the expression of p53 is negligible in normal myocardium, tends to increase in myocardial ischemia and is maximally induced in ischemia-reperfused myocardium, demonstrating a possible key role of p53 in the development of MIRI. In this review, we detail and summarize recent studies on the mechanism of action of p53 in MIRI and describe the therapeutic agents targeting the relevant targets to provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of MIRI. METHODS We collected 161 relevant papers mainly from Pubmed and Web of Science (search terms "p53" and "myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury"). After that, we selected pathway studies related to p53 and classified them according to their contents. We eventually analyzed and summarized them. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this review, we detail and summarize recent studies on the mechanism of action of p53 in MIRI and validate its status as an important intermediate affecting MIRI. On the one hand, p53 is regulated and modified by multiple factors, especially non-coding RNAs; on the other hand, p53 regulates apoptosis, programmed necrosis, autophagy, iron death and oxidative stress in MIRI through multiple pathways. More importantly, several studies have reported medications targeting p53-related therapeutic targets. These medications are expected to be effective options for the alleviation of MIRI, but further safety and clinical studies are needed to convert them into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Zi Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Qing Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Leng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Lin PH, Su WP, Li CJ, Lin LT, Sheu JJC, Wen ZH, Cheng JT, Tsui KH. Investigating the Role of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Ovarian Aging and the Potential for Nutritional Intervention. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112461. [PMID: 37299424 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancing age, women experience irreversible deterioration in the quality of their oocytes, resulting in reduced fertility. To gain a deeper understanding of the influence of ferroptosis-related genes on ovarian aging, we employed a comprehensive approach encompassing spatial transcriptomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, human ovarian pathology, and clinical biopsy. This investigation revealed the intricate interactions between ferroptosis and cellular energy metabolism in aging germ cells, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms. Our study involved 75 patients with ovarian senescence insufficiency, and we utilized multi-histological predictions of ferroptosis-related genes. Following a two-month supplementation period with DHEA, Ubiquinol CoQ10, and Cleo-20 T3, we examined the changes in hub genes. Our results showed that TFRC, NCOA4, and SLC3A2 were significantly reduced and GPX4 was increased in the supplement group, confirming our prediction based on multi-omic analysis. Our hypothesis is that supplementation would enhance the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) or electron transport chain (ETC), resulting in increased levels of the antioxidant enzyme GPX4, reduced lipid peroxide accumulation, and reduced ferroptosis. Overall, our results suggest that supplementation interventions have a notable positive impact on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in aging cells by improving metal ion and energy metabolism, thereby enhancing oocyte quality in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ping Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Li-Te Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Tsuey Cheng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hao Tsui
- Institute of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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9
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The Role of ncRNAs in Cardiac Infarction and Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10030123. [PMID: 36975887 PMCID: PMC10052289 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease worldwide, and it is defined as cardiomyocyte cell death due to a lack of oxygen supply. Such a temporary absence of oxygen supply, or ischemia, leads to extensive cardiomyocyte cell death in the affected myocardium. Notably, reactive oxygen species are generated during the reperfusion process, driving a novel wave of cell death. Consequently, the inflammatory process starts, followed by fibrotic scar formation. Limiting inflammation and resolving the fibrotic scar are essential biological processes with respect to providing a favorable environment for cardiac regeneration that is only achieved in a limited number of species. Distinct inductive signals and transcriptional regulatory factors are key components that modulate cardiac injury and regeneration. Over the last decade, the impact of non-coding RNAs has begun to be addressed in many cellular and pathological processes including myocardial infarction and regeneration. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review of the current functional role of diverse non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in different biological processes involved in cardiac injury as well as in distinct experimental models of cardiac regeneration.
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10
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van Nieuwenhoven FA, Schroen B, Barile L, van Middendorp L, Prinzen FW, Auricchio A. Plasma Extracellular Vesicles as Liquid Biopsy to Unravel the Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiac Reverse Remodeling Following Resynchronization Therapy? J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020665. [PMID: 36675594 PMCID: PMC9862724 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become a valuable addition to the treatment options for heart failure, in particular for patients with disturbances in electrical conduction that lead to regionally different contraction patterns (dyssynchrony). Dyssynchronous hearts show extensive molecular and cellular remodeling, which has primarily been investigated in experimental animals. Evidence showing that at least several miRNAs play a role in this remodeling is increasing. A comparison of results from measurements in plasma and myocardial tissue suggests that plasma levels of miRNAs may reflect the expression of these miRNAs in the heart. Because many miRNAs released in the plasma are included in extracellular vesicles (EVs), which protect them from degradation, measurement of myocardium-derived miRNAs in peripheral blood EVs may open new avenues to investigate and monitor (reverse) remodeling in dyssynchronous and resynchronized hearts of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frans A. van Nieuwenhoven
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Blanche Schroen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lucio Barile
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Lars van Middendorp
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frits W. Prinzen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Angelo Auricchio
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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11
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Mechanisms and Management of Thyroid Disease and Atrial Fibrillation: Impact of Atrial Electrical Remodeling and Cardiac Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244047. [PMID: 36552815 PMCID: PMC9777224 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of AF is characterized by electrical and structural remodeling occurring in the atrial myocardium. As a source of production of various hormones such as angiotensin-2, calcitonin, and atrial natriuretic peptide, the atria are a target for endocrine regulation. Studies have shown that disorders associated with endocrine dysregulation are potential underlying causes of AF. The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ that secretes three hormones: triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and calcitonin. Thyroid dysregulation affects the cardiovascular system. Although there is a well-established relationship between thyroid disease (especially hyperthyroidism) and AF, the underlying biochemical mechanisms leading to atrial fibrosis and atrial arrhythmias are poorly understood in thyrotoxicosis. Various animal models and cellular studies demonstrated that thyroid hormones are involved in promoting AF substrate. This review explores the recent clinical and experimental evidence of the association between thyroid disease and AF. We highlight the current knowledge on the potential mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological impact of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 dysregulation, in the development of the atrial arrhythmogenic substrate. Finally, we review the available therapeutic strategies to treat AF in the context of thyroid disease.
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12
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Independent Association of Thyroid Dysfunction and Inflammation Predicts Adverse Events in Patients with Heart Failure via Promoting Cell Death. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090290. [PMID: 36135435 PMCID: PMC9503390 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction and inflammation are individually implicated in the increased risk of heart failure. Given the regulatory role of thyroid hormones on immune cells, this study aimed to investigate their joint association in heart failure. Patients with pre-existing heart failure were enrolled when hospitalized between July 2019 and September 2021. Thyroid function and inflammatory markers were measured at the enrollment. The composite of all-cause mortality or rehospitalization for heart failure were studied in the following year. Among 451 participants (mean age 66.1 years, 69.4% male), 141 incident primary endpoints were observed during a median follow-up of 289 days. TT3 and FT3 levels were negatively correlated with BNP levels (r: −0.40, p < 0.001; r: −0.40, p < 0.001, respectively) and NT-proBNP levels (r: −0.39, p < 0.001; r: −0.39, p < 0.001). Multivariate COX regression analysis revealed that FT3 (adjusted HR: 0.677, 95% CI: 0.551−0.832) and NLR (adjusted HR: 1.073, 95% CI: 1.036−1.111) were associated with adverse event, and similar results for TT3 (adjusted HR: 0.320, 95% CI: 0.181−0.565) and NLR (adjusted HR: 1.072, 95% CI: 1.035−1.110). Restricted cubic splines analysis indicated a linear relationship between T3 level and adverse events. Mechanistically, primary cardiomyocytes showed strong resistance to TNF-α induced apoptosis under optimal T3 concentrations, as evidenced by TUNEL staining, flow cytometry analysis, and LDH release assay as well as increased expression of Bcl-2. Thyroid dysfunction and inflammation are independently associated with cardiovascular risk in heart failure patients, which may concurrently contribute to the ongoing cardiomyocyte loss in the disease progression.
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Hadjzadeh MAR, Khodadadi H, Sohrabi F, Hedayati-Moghadam M, Ghorbani A, Hosseinian S. Protective effects of Portulaca oleracea and vitamin E on cardiovascular parameters in rats with subclinical hyperthyroidism. Clin Exp Hypertens 2022; 44:663-669. [PMID: 35972305 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2022.2112209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHT) is an endocrine disorder that is associated with abnormalities in heart structure and function. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiac disorders caused by SHT. Portulaca oleracea (P. Oleracea) is a herbaceous plant with many pharmacologic effects including antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, the effects of Portulaca oleracea and vitamin E on the biochemical, hemodynamic, and functional parameters of the cardiac tissue was studied in rats with subclinical hyperthyroidism. METHODS Fifty-six male rats were divided into seven groups: 1-Control group: daily injection of saline, 2-SHT group: daily injection of levothyroxine sodium (LS) (20 µg/kg), 3- T4+Po groups were given LS and P. oleracea (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg in drinking water), 4- the T4+vit E groups received LS and a daily injection of vitamin E (100 and 200 mg/kg). Cardiac index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), also malondialdehyde and total thiol levels were measured in cardiac tissue. RESULTS SBP and maximum dP/dt were significantly increased and minimum dP/dt was significantly decreased in SHT group. In P. oleracea groups, maximum dP/dt were significantly reduced and minimum dP/dt was increased. Malondialdehyde levels and cardiac index in groups receiving vitamin E and P. oleracea were significantly decreased. Maximum dP/dt was decreased in the group receiving LS+vitamin E. Minimum dP/dt was significantly higher in group received LS+ vitamin E. CONCLUSION This study showed that Portulaca oleracea has a positive effect on cardiac dysfunction caused by subclinical hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa-Al-Reza Hadjzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Khodadadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sohrabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Hedayati-Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.,School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Atieh Ghorbani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hosseinian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Role of miR-133/Dio3 Axis in the T3-Dependent Modulation of Cardiac mitoK-ATP Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126549. [PMID: 35742991 PMCID: PMC9223604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The opening of the ATP-sensitive mitochondrial potassium channel (mitok-ATP) is a common goal of cardioprotective strategies in the setting of acute and chronic myocardial disease. The biologically active thyroid hormone (TH), 3-5-3-triiodothyronine (T3), has been indicated as a potential activator of mitoK-ATP but the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Here we describe a novel role of T3 in the transcriptional regulation of mitoK and mitoSur, the recently identified molecular constituents of the channel. To mimic human ischemic heart damage, we used a rat model of a low T3 state as the outcome of a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion event, and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) challenged with hypoxia or H2O2. Either in the in vivo or in vitro models, T3 administration to recover the physiological concentrations was able to restore the expression level of both the channel subunits, which were found to be downregulated under the stress conditions. Furthermore, the T3-mediated transcriptional activation of mitoK-ATP in the myocardium and NRCM was associated with the repression of the TH-inactivating enzyme, deiodinase 3 (Dio3), and an up-regulation of the T3-responsive miR-133a-3p. Mechanistically, the loss and gain of function experiments and reporter gene assays performed in NRCM, have revealed a new regulatory axis whereby the silencing of Dio3 under the control of miR-133a-3p drives the T3-dependent modulation of cardiac mitoK and mitoSur transcription.
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15
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He J, Liu D, Zhao L, Zhou D, Rong J, Zhang L, Xia Z. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:430. [PMID: 35607376 PMCID: PMC9121204 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is one of the primary causes of mortality in patients with coronary heart disease worldwide. Early treatment of acute myocardial infarction restores blood supply of ischemic myocardium and decreases the mortality risk. However, when the interrupted myocardial blood supply is recovered within a certain period of time, it causes more serious damage to the original ischemic myocardium; this is known as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to MIRI are associated with oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload, energy metabolism disorder, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis. These interplay with one another and directly or indirectly lead to aggravation of the effect. In the past, apoptosis and autophagy have attracted more attention but necroptosis and ferroptosis also serve key roles. However, the mechanism of MIRI has not been fully elucidated. The present study reviews the mechanisms underlying MIRI. Based on current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of MIRI, the association between cell death-associated signaling pathways were elaborated, providing direction for investigation of novel targets in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Danyong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Dongcheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P.R. China
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
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16
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Yin A, Feng M, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Li Y, Qian L. Identification of a novel native peptide derived from 60S ribosomal protein L23a that translationally regulates p53 to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:105988. [PMID: 34808368 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a severe disease,but its underlying mechanism is not fully elucidated and no effective clinical treatment is available. Utilizing intracellular peptidomics, we identified a novel native peptide PDRL23A (Peptide Derived from RPL23A), that is intimately related to hypoxic stress. We further show that PDRL23A effectively alleviates hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury in vitro, along with improvements in mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis, including ROS accumulation, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Strikingly, the in vivo results indicate that, short-term pretreatment with PDRL23A could effectively inhibit I/R-induced cardiomyocyte death, myocardial fibrosis and decreased cardiac function. Interestingly, PDRL23A was found to interact with 60 S ribosomal protein L26 (RPL26), hampering RPL26-governed p53 translation, and resulting in a reduction in the level of p53 protein, which in turn reduced p53-mediated apoptosis under hypoxic conditions. Collectively, a native peptide, PDRL23A, which translationally regulates p53 to protect against myocardial I/R injury, has been identified for the first time. Our findings provide insight into the adaptive mechanisms of hypoxia and present a potential new treatment for myocardial I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwen Yin
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Mengwen Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Zijie Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yun Li
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Lingmei Qian
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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17
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Effects of Thyroid Hormone on Tissue Hypoxia: Relevance to Sepsis Therapy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245855. [PMID: 34945151 PMCID: PMC8703810 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue hypoxia occurs in various conditions such as myocardial or brain ischemia and infarction, sepsis, and trauma, and induces cellular damage and tissue remodeling with recapitulation of fetal-like reprogramming, which eventually results in organ failure. Analogies seem to exist between the damaged hypoxic and developing organs, indicating that a regulatory network which drives embryonic organ development may control aspects of heart (or tissue) repair. In this context, thyroid hormone (TH), which is a critical regulator of organ maturation, physiologic angiogenesis, and mitochondrial biogenesis during fetal development, may be of important physiological relevance upon stress (hypoxia)-induced fetal reprogramming. TH signaling has been implicated in hypoxic tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction and T3 prevents remodeling of the postinfarcted heart. Similarly, preliminary experimental evidence suggests that T3 can prevent early tissue hypoxia during sepsis with important physiological consequences. Thus, based on common pathways between different paradigms, we propose a possible role of TH in tissue hypoxia after sepsis with the potential to reduce secondary organ failure.
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18
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Song F, Li JZ, Wu Y, Wu WY, Wang Y, Li G. Ubiquitinated ligation protein NEDD4L participates in MiR-30a-5p attenuated atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization and lipid metabolism. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:1303-1317. [PMID: 34853729 PMCID: PMC8609110 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
MiR-30a-5p plays an important role in various cardiovascular diseases, but its effect in atherosclerosis has not been reported. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apo E−/−) mice were used to investigate the role of miR-30a-5p in atherosclerosis, and the underlying mechanism was investigated in vivo and in vitro. The fluorescence in situ hybridization test revealed that miR-30a-5p was expressed in Apo E−/− mice lesions. Nevertheless, in RAW264.7 macrophages, the expression of miR-30a-5p was reduced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or oxidized low-density lipoprotein. MiR-30a-5p-ago-treated Apo E−/− mice significantly reduced lesion areas in the aorta and aortic root, reduced levels of lipoprotein and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was decreased in miR-30a-5p-ago-treated Apo E−/− mice and LPS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages by the regulation of Smad-1/2 phosphorylation. MiR-30a-5p reduced lipid uptake in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-treated macrophages by regulating the expression of PPAR-γ, ABCA1, ABCG1, LDLR, and PCSK9. Ubiquitinated ligase NEDD4L was identified as a target of miR-30a-5p. Interestingly, knockdown of NEDD4L decreased the M1/M2 ratio and oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake in macrophages by inhibiting the ubiquitination of PPAR-γ and phosphorylation of Smad-1/2 and regulating ABCA1, ABCG1, LDLR, and PCSK9. We demonstrated a novel effect and mechanism of miR-30a-5p in atherosclerosis.
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19
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Development of Triiodothyronine Polymeric Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery in the Cardioprotection against Ischemic Insult. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111713. [PMID: 34829942 PMCID: PMC8615924 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the main cause of death globally. Cardioprotection is the process whereby mechanisms that reduce myocardial damage, and activate protective factors, contribute to the preservation of the heart. Targeting these processes could be a new strategy in the treatment of post-ischemic heart failure (HF). Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), which have multiple effects on the heart, prevent myocardial damage. This study describes the formulation, and characterization, of chemically modified polymeric nanoparticles incorporating T3, to target the thyroid hormone receptors. Modified T3 was conjugated to polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) to facilitate T3 delivery and restrict its nuclear translocation. Modified T3 and PLGA-T3 was characterized with 1H-NMR. The protective role of synthesized phosphocreatine (PCr) encapsulated PLGA-T3 nanoparticles (PLGA-T3/PCr NPs) and PLGA-T3 nanoparticles (PLGA-T3 NPs) in hypoxia-mediated cardiac cell insults was investigated. The results showed that PLGA-T3/PCr NPs represent a potentially new therapeutic agent for the control of tissue damage in cardiac ischemia and resuscitation.
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20
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Pingitore A, Mastorci F, Berti S, Sabatino L, Palmieri C, Iervasi G, Vassalle C. Hypovitaminosis D and Low T3 Syndrome: A Link for Therapeutic Challenges in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225267. [PMID: 34830551 PMCID: PMC8625651 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Vitamin D counteracts the reduction in the peripheral conversion of tiroxine (T4) into triiodothyronine (T3), which is the mechanism of low T3 syndrome (LT3) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between LT3 and hypovitaminosis D in AMI patients. Methods and Results: One hundred and twenty-four AMI patients were enrolled. Blood samples were taken at admission, and at 3, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after admission. LT3 was defined as a value of fT3 ≤ 2.2 pg/mL, occurring within 3 days of hospital admission. Levels were defined as follows: sufficiency as a value of ±30 ng/mL, vitamin D insufficiency as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) between 21 and 29 ng/mL, deficiency in 25(OH)D as below 20 ng/mL, and severe deficiency as values under 10 ng/mL. The percentage of subjects with severe 25(OH)D deficiency was significantly higher in the LT3 group (33% vs. 13%, p < 0.01). When LT3S was evaluated as a dependent variable, severe 25(OH)D deficiency (OR 2.6: 95%CI 1–6.7, p < 0.05) remained as an independent determinant after logistic multivariate adjustment together with age (>69 yrs, 50th percentile; OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.3–8.3, p < 0.01), but not female gender (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.7–4.2, p = ns). Conclusions: This pilot study shows a relationship between hypovitaminosis D and LT3 in AMI patients. This association opens potential therapeutic challenges concerning the restoration of euthyroidism through vitamin D administration, together with the normalization of hypovitaminosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pingitore
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (L.S.); (G.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Mastorci
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (L.S.); (G.I.)
| | - Sergio Berti
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy; (S.B.); (C.P.); (C.V.)
| | - Laura Sabatino
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (L.S.); (G.I.)
| | - Cataldo Palmieri
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy; (S.B.); (C.P.); (C.V.)
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (L.S.); (G.I.)
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy; (S.B.); (C.P.); (C.V.)
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21
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Louzada RA, Padron AS, Marques-Neto SR, Maciel L, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Ferreira ACF, Nascimento JHM, Carvalho DP. 3,5-Diiodothyronine protects against cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury in male rats. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:2185-2197. [PMID: 34605090 DOI: 10.1113/ep089589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? 3,5-Diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) administration increases resting metabolic rate, prevents or treats liver steatosis in rodent models, and ameliorates insulin resistance: what are its effects on cardiac electrical and contractile properties and autonomic regulation? What is the main finding and its importance? Chronic 3,5-T2 administration has no adverse effects on cardiac function. Remarkably, 3,5-T2 improves the autonomous control of the rat heart and protects against ischaemia-reperfusion injury. ABSTRACT The use of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) to treat metabolic diseases has been hindered by potential adverse effects on liver, lipid metabolism and cardiac electrical properties. It is recognized that 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) administration increases resting metabolic rate, prevents or treats liver steatosis in rodent models and ameliorates insulin resistance, suggesting 3,5-T2 as a potential therapeutic tool. However, a comprehensive assessment of cardiac electrical and contractile properties has not been made so far. Three-month-old Wistar rats were daily administered vehicle, 3,5-T2 or 3,5-T2+T4 and no signs of atrial or ventricular arrhythmia were detected in non-anaesthetized rats during 90 days. Cardiac function was preserved as heart rate, left ventricle diameter and shortening fraction in 3,5-T2-treated rats compared to vehicle and 3,5-T2+T4 groups. Power spectral analysis indicated an amelioration of the heart rate variability only in 3,5-T2-treated rats. An increased baroreflex sensitivity at rest was observed in both 3,5-T2-treated groups. Finally, 3,5-T2 Langendorff-perfused hearts presented a significant recovery of left ventricular function and remarkably smaller infarction area after ischaemia-reperfusion injury. In conclusion, chronic 3,5-T2 administration ameliorates tonic cardiac autonomic control and confers cardioprotection against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in healthy male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy Andrade Louzada
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alvaro Souto Padron
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvio Rodrigues Marques-Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Estácio de Sá (UNESA), Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício (LAFIEX), Curso de Educação Física, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Maciel
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Hamilton Matheus Nascimento
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia Cardíaca Antonio Paes de Carvalho, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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22
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Makkos A, Ágg B, Petrovich B, Varga ZV, Görbe A, Ferdinandy P. Systematic review and network analysis of microRNAs involved in cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and infarction: Involvement of redox signalling. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:237-251. [PMID: 33965565 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Although myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) and its pathological consequences are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, cardioprotective therapeutics are still not on the market. Oxidative stress, a major contributing factor to myocardial I/R, changes transcription of coding and non-coding RNAs, alters post-transcriptional modulations, and regulate protein function. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression can be altered by oxidative stress and microRNAs may also regulate cytoprotective mechanisms and exert cardioprotection againts I/R. Transcriptomic analysis of I/R and oxidative stress-induced alterations followed by microRNA-mRNA target interaction network analysis may reveal microRNAs and their mRNA targets that may play a role in cardioprotection and serve as microRNA therapeutics or novel molecular targets for further drug development. Here we provide a summary of a systematic literature review and in silico molecular network analysis to reveal important cardioprotective microRNAs and their molecular targets that may provide cardioprotection via regulation of redox signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Makkos
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Bence Ágg
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, 6722, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Petrovich
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, 1089, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, 1089, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, 6722, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, 6722, Szeged, Hungary.
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23
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Wang J, Cao J, Zhu J, Liu N. Non-Thyroidal Illness Syndrome-Associated Multiorgan Dysfunction After Surgical Repair of Type A Aortic Dissection. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:870-879. [PMID: 34507886 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this cohort study was to investigate the relationship between non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) and severe multiorgan dysfunction, measured by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥11, after surgical repair of type A aortic dissection (TAAD). SETTING An observational study. PARTICIPANTS The present study included 310 patients with TAAD surgically repaired between January 2019 and December 2020 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital. INTERVENTIONS Patients after surgical repair after TAAD. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among a total of 310 patients with TAAD undergoing surgical repair included in this study, 132 (42.6%) experienced surgery-associated NTIS. Severe multiorgan dysfunction was experienced more often in patients with NTIS (27.3% v 11.2%, p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated NTIS was associated closely with an increased risk of severe multiorgan dysfunction (odds ratio [OR] = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.39-4.64 p = 0.002), which predicted an in-hospital death rate of 95%. Non-thyroidal illness syndrome also was related with in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.30-3.46 p = 0.003), acute kidney injury (OR = 3.17, 95% CI = 1.17-8.47 p = 0.023), and postoperative pulmonary complications (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.34-4.03 p = 0.003). However, hepatic inadequacy was comparable in the NTIS and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Non-thyroidal illness syndrome was associated closely with multiorgan dysfunction after surgical repair of TAAD, which may be correlated further with an increased incidence of in-hospital mortality and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing An Zhen Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing An Zhen Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing An Zhen Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing An Zhen Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing An Zhen Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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24
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Effects of Carvedilol and Thyroid Hormones Co-administration on Apoptotic and Survival Proteins in the Heart After Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 76:698-707. [PMID: 33105324 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellular death and survival signaling plays a key role in the progress of adverse cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therapeutic strategies, such as co-treatment with beta-blocker carvedilol and thyroid hormones (THs), give rise to new approaches that can sustain the cellular homeostasis after AMI. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effects of carvedilol and TH co-administration on apoptosis and survival proteins and on cardiac remodeling after AMI. Male Wistar rats were distributed in 5 groups as follows: sham-operated group (SHAM), infarcted group (MI), infarcted plus carvedilol group (MI+C), infarcted plus TH group (MI+TH), and infarcted plus carvedilol and TH co-treatment group (MI+C+TH). Echocardiographic analysis was performed, and hearts were collected for western blot evaluation. The MI group presented systolic posterior wall thickness loss, an increase in the wall tension index, and an increase in atrial natriuretic peptide tissue levels than the SHAM group. However, in the MI+C+TH group, these parameters were equally to the SHAM group. Moreover, whereas the MI group showed Bax protein expression elevated in relation to the SHAM group, the MI+C+TH group presented Bax reduction and also Akt activation compared with the MI group. In addition, the MI+TH group revealed beta-1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR) upregulation compared with the MI and MI+C groups, whereas the MI+C+TH group presented lower levels of β1AR in relation to the SHAM and MI+TH groups. In conclusion, we suggest that carvedilol and TH co-administration may mediate its cardioprotective effects against adverse cardiac remodeling post-AMI through the Bax reduction, Akt activation, and β1AR decrease.
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25
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Hou J, Zeng C, Zheng G, Liang L, Jiang L, Yang Z. LncRNAs Participate in Post-Resuscitation Myocardial Dysfunction Through the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:689531. [PMID: 34194340 PMCID: PMC8238007 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.689531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore the role of lncRNAs in post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a rat model of CA-CPR. A rat model of CA-CPR was constructed using a VF method. Myocardial functions, including cardiac output (CO), ejection fraction (EF), and myocardial performance index (MPI), were evaluated at the baseline, and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after resuscitation. A high throughput sequencing method was used to screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs, which were further analyzed with bioinformatics. In addition, relationships between the molecules involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were explored with ceRNA network. Compared with the sham group, EF was significantly reduced and MPI was increased at the five consecutive time points in the CA-CPR group. 68 lncRNAs were upregulated and 40 lncRNAs were downregulated in the CA-CPR group, while 30 miRNAs were downregulated and 19 miRNAs were upregulated. Moreover, mRNAs were also differentially expressed, with 676 upregulated and 588 downregulated. GO analysis suggested that genes associated with cell proliferation, cell death and programmed cell death were significantly enriched. KEGG analysis showed that the PI3K/Akt, MAPK and Ras signaling pathways were the three most-enriched pathways. Construction of a ceRNA regulatory network indicated that LOC102549506, LOC103689920, and LOC103690137 might play important roles in the regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the CA-CPR treated rat. Taken together, LncRNAs, including LOC102549506, LOC103689920 and LOC103690137, might participate in post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction by functioning as ceRNAs and regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Hou
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaotao Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Zheng
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Liang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longyuan Jiang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Zhang GQ, Wang SQ, Chen Y, Fu LY, Xu YN, Li L, Tao L, Shen XC. MicroRNAs Regulating Mitochondrial Function in Cardiac Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:663322. [PMID: 34122082 PMCID: PMC8194257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.663322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key organelles that supply cellular energy. As the most active organ in the body, the energy required to maintain the mechanical function of the heart requires a high quantity of high-quality mitochondria in cardiomyocytes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNAs, approximately 22 nt in length, which play key roles in mediating post-transcriptional gene silencing. Numerous studies have confirmed that miRNAs can participate in the occurrence and development of cardiac diseases by regulating mitochondrial function-related genes and signaling pathways. Therefore, elucidating the crosstalk that occurs between miRNAs and mitochondria is important for the prevention and treatment of cardiac diseases. In this review, we discuss the biogenesis of miRNAs, the miRNA-mediated regulation of major genes involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial function, and the effects of miRNAs on mitochondrial function in cardiac diseases in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiac disease and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Qiong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Sheng-Quan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling-Yun Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi-Ni Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Tao
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
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27
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Aranda A. MicroRNAs and thyroid hormone action. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 525:111175. [PMID: 33515639 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally repress gene expression by binding generally to the 3'-untranslated regions of their target mRNAs. miRNAs regulate a large fraction of the genome, playing a key role in most physiological and pathological processes. The thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) are major regulators of development, metabolism and cell growth. The thyroid hormones (THs) are synthetized in the thyroid gland and enter the cells through transporter proteins. In the cells, T4 and T3 are metabolized by deiodinase enzymes and bind to nuclear receptors (TRs), which have a higher affinity by T3. TRs act as hormone dependent transcription factors by binding to thyroid hormone response elements (TREs) in the target genes and recruiting transcriptional coregulators. There is increasing evidence that a variety of miRNAs target deiodinases and the receptor, thus regulating TH signaling is different tissues. In turn, the THs have been shown to modulate the expression of specific miRNAs and their mRNA targets in different cell types and organs. In many cases, the existence of TREs in the regulatory regions of these miRNAs has been identified, and the hormone bound receptors transcriptionally regulate expression of these molecules. Changes in the levels of miRNAs have been demonstrated to mediate some of the important actions of the THs in processes such as muscle and heart function, lipid liver metabolism or skin physiology. In addition, miRNA regulation is involved in the effects of TRs on cell proliferation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Aranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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28
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Si R, Zhang Q, Tsuji-Hosokawa A, Watanabe M, Willson C, Lai N, Wang J, Dai A, Scott BT, Dillmann WH, Yuan JXJ, Makino A. Overexpression of p53 due to excess protein O-GlcNAcylation is associated with coronary microvascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1186-1198. [PMID: 31504245 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We previously reported that increased protein O-GlcNAcylation in diabetic mice led to vascular rarefaction in the heart. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether and how coronary endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis is enhanced by protein O-GlcNAcylation and thus induces coronary microvascular disease (CMD) and subsequent cardiac dysfunction in diabetes. We hypothesize that excessive protein O-GlcNAcylation increases p53 that leads to CMD and reduced cardiac contractility. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted in vivo functional experiments in control mice, TALLYHO/Jng (TH) mice, a polygenic type 2 diabetic (T2D) model, and EC-specific O-GlcNAcase (OGA, an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of O-GlcNAc from proteins)-overexpressing TH mice, as well as in vitro experiments in isolated ECs from these mice. TH mice exhibited a significant increase in coronary EC apoptosis and reduction of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR), an assessment of coronary microvascular function, in comparison to wild-type mice. The decreased CFVR, due at least partially to EC apoptosis, was associated with decreased cardiac contractility in TH mice. Western blot experiments showed that p53 protein level was significantly higher in coronary ECs from TH mice and T2D patients than in control ECs. High glucose treatment also increased p53 protein level in control ECs. Furthermore, overexpression of OGA decreased protein O-GlcNAcylation and down-regulated p53 in coronary ECs, and conferred a protective effect on cardiac function in TH mice. Inhibition of p53 with pifithrin-α attenuated coronary EC apoptosis and restored CFVR and cardiac contractility in TH mice. CONCLUSIONS The data from this study indicate that inhibition of p53 or down-regulation of p53 by OGA overexpression attenuates coronary EC apoptosis and improves CFVR and cardiac function in diabetes. Lowering coronary endothelial p53 levels via OGA overexpression could be a potential therapeutic approach for CMD in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Si
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Rd., Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 195 W Dongfeng Rd., Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Atsumi Tsuji-Hosokawa
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Makiko Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Conor Willson
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Ning Lai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 195 W Dongfeng Rd., Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 195 W Dongfeng Rd., Guangzhou 510182, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave. Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Anzhi Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave. Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave. Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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29
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Silvestro S, Gugliandolo A, Chiricosta L, Diomede F, Trubiani O, Bramanti P, Pizzicannella J, Mazzon E. MicroRNA Profiling of HL-1 Cardiac Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020273. [PMID: 33573156 PMCID: PMC7912193 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HL-1 is a cell line that shows a phenotype similar to adult cardiomyocytes. All major cardiac cell types release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that emerge as key mediators of intercellular communication. EVs can mediate intercellular cross-talk through the transfer of specific microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are known to play important regulatory roles during tissue differentiation and regeneration processes. Furthermore, miRNAs have recently been shown to be involved in the proliferation of adult cardiomyocytes. In this context, the purpose of this study was to analyze the transcriptomic profile of miRNAs expressed from HL-1 cardiac muscle cell-derived EVs, using next generation sequencing (NGS). Specifically, our transcriptomic analysis showed that the EVs derived from our HL-1 cells contained miRNAs that induce blood vessel formation and increase cell proliferation. Indeed, our bioinformatics analysis revealed 26 miRNAs expressed in EVs derived from our HL-1 that target genes related to cardiovascular development. In particular, their targets are enriched for the following biological processes related to cardiovascular development: heart morphogenesis, positive regulation of angiogenesis, artery development, ventricular septum development, cardiac atrium development, and myoblast differentiation. Consequently, EVs could become important in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Silvestro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (O.T.)
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (O.T.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-6012-8172
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30
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Bolanle IO, Riches-Suman K, Williamson R, Palmer TM. Emerging roles of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases: Insights and novel therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105467. [PMID: 33515704 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. While the major focus of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions has been on targeting disease pathophysiology and limiting predisposing factors, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CVDs remains incomplete. One mechanism that has recently emerged is protein O-GlcNAcylation. This is a dynamic, site-specific reversible post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues on target proteins and is controlled by two enzymes: O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA). Protein O-GlcNAcylation alters the cellular functions of these target proteins which play vital roles in pathways that modulate vascular homeostasis and cardiac function. Through this review, we aim to give insights on the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases and identify potential therapeutic targets in this pathway for development of more effective medicines to improve patient outcomes.
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Key Words
- (R)-N-(Furan-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-6-sulfonamido)-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)acetamide [OSMI-1] (PubChem CID: 118634407)
- 2-(2-Amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one [PD98059] (PubChem CID: 4713)
- 5H-Pyrano[3,2-d]thiazole-6,7-diol, 2-(ethylamino)-3a,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-(3aR,5R,6S,7R,7aR) [Thiamet-G] (PubChem CID: 1355663540)
- 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine [DON] (PubChem CID: 9087)
- Alloxan (PubChem CID: 5781)
- Azaserine (PubChem CID: 460129)
- BADGP, Benzyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-galactopyranoside [BADGP] (PubChem CID: 561184)
- Cardiovascular disease
- Methoxybenzene-sulfonamide [KN-93] (PubChem CID: 5312122)
- N-[(5S,6R,7R,8R)-6,7-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-phenylethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-8-yl]-2-methylpropanamide [GlcNAcstatin] (PubChem CID: 122173013)
- O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyliden)amino-N-phenylcarbamate [PUGNAc] (PubChem CID: 9576811)
- O-GlcNAc transferase
- O-GlcNAcase
- Protein O-GlcNAcylation
- Streptozotocin (PubCHem CID: 7067772)
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Olapeju Bolanle
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Kirsten Riches-Suman
- School of Chemistry and Bioscience, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Ritchie Williamson
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Timothy M Palmer
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
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Cheng N, Li L, Wu Y, Wang M, Yang M, Wei S, Wang R. microRNA-30e up-regulation alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes ventricular remodeling via SOX9 repression. Mol Immunol 2020; 130:96-103. [PMID: 33293097 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM At present, studies have focused on microRNAs (miRNAs) in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI). But the specific role of miR-30e hasn't been fully explored. Thus, this study is to uncover the mechanism of miR-30e in MI/RI. METHODS MI/RI models of rats and hypoxia/reoxygenation injury (H/R) models of H9C2 cardiomyocytes were established. Rats were injected with miR-30e and SRY-related high mobility group-box gene 9 (SOX9)-related oligonucleotides or vectors to explore their roles in MI/RI. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were transfected with restored miR-30e and depleted SOX9 to decipher their function in H/R injury. miR-30e and SOX9 expression in myocardial tissues and cardiomyocytes were detected. Online website prediction and luciferase activity assay were applied to validate the targeting relationship between miR-30e and SOX9. RESULTS Decreased miR-30e and increased SOX9 were found in myocardial tissues of MI/RI rats and H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. miR-30e targeted SOX9. miR-30e up-regulation or SOX9 down-regulation reduced cardiac function damage and suppressed oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial enzymes in myocardial tissues of MI/RI rats. Restoring miR-30e or silencing SOX9 energized cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Down-regulating SOX9 reversed the effects of miR-30e down-regulation on myocardial injury, ventricular remodeling, cardiomyocyte damage and apoptosis in MI/RI. CONCLUSION It is concluded that miR-30e elevation alleviated cardiac function damage and promoted ventricular remodeling via SOX9 repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Libin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuanbin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Mingyan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shixiong Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Chen Q, Thompson J, Hu Y, Lesnefsky EJ. Cardiomyocyte specific deletion of p53 decreases cell injury during ischemia-reperfusion: Role of Mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 158:162-170. [PMID: 32711023 PMCID: PMC7484321 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
p53 is a tumor suppressor protein with a very low content in the basal condition, but the content rapidly rises during stress conditions including ischemia-reperfusion. An increase in p53 content increases cardiac injury during ischemia-reperfusion. Since mitochondrial damage plays a key role in cardiac injury during ischemia-reperfusion, we asked if genetic ablation of p53 decreases cardiac injury by protecting mitochondria. Isolated, perfused hearts from cardiac specific p53 deletion or wild type underwent 25 min global ischemia at 37 °C and 60 min reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion, hearts were harvested for infarct size measurement. In separate groups, cardiac mitochondria were isolated at 30 min reperfusion. Time control hearts were buffer-perfused without ischemia. Compared to wild type, deletion of p53 improved cardiac functional recovery and decreased infarct size following ischemia-reperfusion. Oxidative phosphorylation was improved in p53 deletion mitochondria following ischemia-reperfusion compared to wild type. The net release of ROS generation from wild type but not in p53 deletion mitochondria was increased following ischemia-reperfusion. Peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX 3) content was higher in p53 deletion than that in wild type, indicating that p53 deletion increases a key antioxidant. Ischemia-reperfusion led to increased spectrin cleavage (a marker of cytosolic calpain1 activation) in wild type but not in p53 deletion mice. Ischemia-reperfusion increased the truncation of mature AIF (apoptosis inducing factor, an indicator of mitochondrial calpain1 activation) in wild type but not in p53 deletion mice. The loss of cytochrome c from mitochondria was also decreased in p53 deletion following ischemia-reperfusion. Bcl-2 content was decreased in wild type but not in p53 deletion following reperfusion, suggesting that depletion of bcl-2 contributes to permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane. Thus, deletion of p53 decreases cardiac injury by protecting mitochondria through attenuation of oxidative stress and calpain activation during ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Chen
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| | - Jeremy Thompson
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Edward J Lesnefsky
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; McGuire Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
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Perrino C, Ferdinandy P, Bøtker HE, Brundel BJJM, Collins P, Davidson SM, den Ruijter HM, Engel FB, Gerdts E, Girao H, Gyöngyösi M, Hausenloy DJ, Lecour S, Madonna R, Marber M, Murphy E, Pesce M, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Sluijter JPG, Steffens S, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Van Laake LW, Van Linthout S, Schulz R, Ytrehus K. Improving translational research in sex-specific effects of comorbidities and risk factors in ischaemic heart disease and cardioprotection: position paper and recommendations of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:367-385. [PMID: 32484892 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a complex disorder and a leading cause of death and morbidity in both men and women. Sex, however, affects several aspects of IHD, including pathophysiology, incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis as well as treatment and outcome. Several diseases or risk factors frequently associated with IHD can modify cellular signalling cascades, thus affecting ischaemia/reperfusion injury as well as responses to cardioprotective interventions. Importantly, the prevalence and impact of risk factors and several comorbidities differ between males and females, and their effects on IHD development and prognosis might differ according to sex. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these differences are still poorly understood, and their identification might have important translational implications in the prediction or prevention of risk of IHD in men and women. Despite this, most experimental studies on IHD are still undertaken in animal models in the absence of risk factors and comorbidities, and assessment of potential sex-specific differences are largely missing. This ESC WG Position Paper will discuss: (i) the importance of sex as a biological variable in cardiovascular research, (ii) major biological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences relevant to IHD risk factors and comorbidities, (iii) prospects and pitfalls of preclinical models to investigate these associations, and finally (iv) will provide recommendations to guide future research. Although gender differences also affect IHD risk in the clinical setting, they will not be discussed in detail here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Hajnoczy str. 6., H-6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hans E Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 161, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1108 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Collins
- Imperial College, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney St, Chelsea, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Felix B Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Schwabachanlage 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Gerdts
- Department for Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PO Box 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Henrique Girao
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, and Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore.,The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK.,Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chris Barnard Building, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3 7935 Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Lungarno Antonio Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, 6410 Fannin St #1014, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Marber
- King's College London BHF Centre, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Via Parea, 4, I-20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Berlin Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, DZHK, partner site Berlin, Geschäftsstelle Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany.,University of Zürich, Rämistrasse 71, 8006 Zürich, Germany
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Circulatory Health Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstr. 9, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr.35, A - 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Cardiology and UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité, University Medicine Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité, University Medicine Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstraße 23, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kirsti Ytrehus
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Wang SJ, Chen H, Tang LJ, Tu H, Liu B, Li NS, Luo XJ, Peng J. Upregulation of mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 in rat heart contributes to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 98:259-266. [PMID: 31825666 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are responsible for myocardial injury upon ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 (Mul1) plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial functions. This study aims to explore the function of Mul1 in myocardial I/R injury and the underlying mechanisms. The Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were subjected to 1 h of ischemia plus 3 h of reperfusion, which showed the I/R injury (increase in infarct size and creatine kinase release) and the elevated total and mitochondrial protein levels of Mul1 and p53 accompanied by the enhanced interactions between Mul1 and p53 as well as p53 and small a ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO1). Consistently, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treated cardiac (H9c2) cells displayed cellular injury (apoptosis and necrosis), upregulation of total and mitochondrial protein levels of Mul1 and p53, and enhanced interactions between p53 and SUMO1 concomitant with mitochondrial dysfunctions (an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species production with a decrease in ATP production); these phenomena were attenuated by knockdown of Mul1 expression. Based on these observations, we conclude that a novel role of Mul1 has been identified in the myocardial mitochondria, where Mul1 stabilizes and activates p53 through its function of SUMOylation following I/R, leading to p53-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Heng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Li-Jing Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Hua Tu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Nian-Sheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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35
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Fang L, Xu Z, Lu J, Hong L, Qiao S, Liu L, An J. Cardioprotective effects of triiodothyronine supplementation against ischemia reperfusion injury by preserving calcium cycling proteins in isolated rat hearts. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4935-4941. [PMID: 31798715 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is associated with profound left ventricular dysfunction. Triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation may improve cardiac function after ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. In the present study, the effect of T3 on major calcium cycling proteins and high-energy phosphate content during I/R was evaluated. Isolated perfused rat hearts were divided into 5 groups: Sham Control (Sham, n=10), Control (n=8), T3 10 nM (T3-10, n=10), T3 25 nM (T3-25, n=10) and T3 50 nM (T3-50, n=10). T3 was administrated for 60 min before 30 min of ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion. The protein contents of Ca2+-release channels (RyR2), Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (SERCA2a), phospholamban (PLB), sarcolemmal Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (PMCA) and sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX), as well as the high-energy phosphate content in heart tissues were measured by western blot analysis. The results revealed that T3 improved the contractile recovery (left ventricular developed pressure; +dP/dt, -dP/dt) after I/R. Western blotting assays demonstrated that I/R depressed the contents of RYR2, SERCA2a and phosphorylated RYR2 and PLB; there were no effects on the contents of PLB, PMCA and NCX. T3 reversed I/R-induced degradation of RyR2 and SERCA2a, restored the phosphorylation of RyR2 and PLB, and preserved the high-energy phosphate contents of ATP and creatine phosphate. T3 supplementation protected the heart against I/R injury via the preservation of Ca2+-cycling proteins and high-energy phosphate content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China.,Intensive Care Unit, Suzhou Xiangcheng People Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215131, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Lei Hong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Shigang Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong An
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
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Talhada D, Santos CRA, Gonçalves I, Ruscher K. Thyroid Hormones in the Brain and Their Impact in Recovery Mechanisms After Stroke. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1103. [PMID: 31681160 PMCID: PMC6814074 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are of fundamental importance for brain development and essential factors to warrant brain functions throughout life. Their actions are mediated by binding to specific intracellular and membranous receptors regulating genomic and non-genomic mechanisms in neurons and populations of glial cells, respectively. Among others, mechanisms include the regulation of neuronal plasticity processes, stimulation of angiogenesis and neurogenesis as well modulating the dynamics of cytoskeletal elements and intracellular transport processes. These mechanisms overlap with those that have been identified to enhance recovery of lost neurological functions during the first weeks and months after ischemic stroke. Stimulation of thyroid hormone signaling in the postischemic brain might be a promising therapeutic strategy to foster endogenous mechanisms of repair. Several studies have pointed to a significant association between thyroid hormones and outcome after stroke. With this review, we will provide an overview on functions of thyroid hormones in the healthy brain and summarize their mechanisms of action in the developing and adult brain. Also, we compile the major thyroid-modulated molecular pathways in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke that can enhance recovery, highlighting thyroid hormones as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Talhada
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
- LUBIN Lab-Lunds Laboratorium för Neurokirurgisk Hjärnskadeforskning, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecília Reis Alves Santos
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - Karsten Ruscher
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- LUBIN Lab-Lunds Laboratorium för Neurokirurgisk Hjärnskadeforskning, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Teng Y, Ding M, Wang X, Li H, Guo Q, Yan J, Gao L. LncRNA RMRP accelerates hypoxia-induced injury by targeting miR-214-5p in H9c2 cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 142:69-78. [PMID: 31839421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the function of lncRNA RMRP in hypoxia-induced acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in vitro and explore its underlying mechanism. METHODS Hypoxic injury was confirmed by measurement of cell viability, LDH release, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in H9c2 cells. The interactions between RMRP and miR-214-5p as well as miR-214-5p and p53 were also investigated. RESULTS Hypoxia treatment significantly induced cell damage in H9c2 cells, accompanied with the up-regulation of RMRP expressions. Transfection of RMRP siRNA remarkably attenuated hypoxia-induced injury by enhancing cell viability, migration and invasion, and reducing cell apoptosis and LDH release; whereas, enforced expression of RMRP aggravated hypoxia-induced injury. Furthermore, RMRP served as an endogenous sponge for miR-214-5p, and its expression was negatively regulated by RMRP. The effects of RMRP knockdown on hypoxia-induced injury were further enhanced with miR-214-5p overexpression, but significantly abrogated with miR-214-5p silence. Moreover, p53 was verified as a direct target of miR-214-5p, and functional investigation revealed that RMRP regulated hypoxia-induced injury via modulating p53 signaling pathway, which was partially mediated by miR-214-5p. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated the novel molecular mechanism of RMRP/miR-214-5p/p53 axis on the regulation of hypoxia-induced myocardial injury in H9c2 cells, which might provide potential therapeutic targets for AMI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Teng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710043, PR China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chang'an District Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710100, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Qinyue Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Jinqi Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
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The microRNA in ventricular remodeling: the miR-30 family. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190788. [PMID: 31320543 PMCID: PMC6680373 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular remodeling (VR) is a complex pathological process of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and myocardial fibrosis, which is often caused by various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure (HF), etc. It is also an independent risk factor for a variety of CVDs, which will eventually to damage the heart function, promote cardiovascular events, and lead to an increase in mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can participate in a variety of CVDs through post-transcriptional regulation of target gene proteins. Among them, microRNA-30 (miR-30) is one of the most abundant miRNAs in the heart. In recent years, the study found that the miR-30 family can participate in VR through a variety of mechanisms, including autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. VR is commonly found in ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), antineoplastic drug cardiotoxicity (CTX), and other CVDs. Therefore, we will review the relevant mechanisms of the miR-30 in VR induced by various diseases.
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39
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Zhang C, Liao P, Liang R, Zheng X, Jian J. Epigallocatechin gallate prevents mitochondrial impairment and cell apoptosis by regulating miR-30a/p53 axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 61:152845. [PMID: 31029907 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate whether EGCG prevents cardiac I/R mitochondrial impairment and cell apoptosis by regulating miR-30a/p53 axis. METHODS The H9c2 cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in vitro and myocardial ischemia /reperfusion (I/R) model in vivo were made, with or without EGCG treatment. The levels of I/R-induced creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cardiac functional impairment were examined. Stablely transfecting miR-30a mimic or inhibitor in H9c2 cardiomyocytes was built. The expression of miR-30a, p53 and related proteins in cells was measured by western blotting and qRT-PCR. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial permeability transition pores (MPTP) opening and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) in cells was measured by fluorescent probes. The levels of miR-30a and p53, some related proteins expression and apoptosis in the cardiac muscle tissues were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), H&E staining, western blotting and TUNEL assays. RESULTS We found that EGCG preconditioning significantly decreased the levels of CK-MB and LDH, increased the activity of ATP, reduced the apoptotic rate and partially preserved heart function. Furthermore, EGCG decreased ROS levels, MPTP opening and depolarization of ΔΨm, and improved the activity of post-I/R cardiomyocyte. The beneficial effect of EGCG was associated with restored levels of miR-30a expression in the I/R injury that correspond to p53 mRNA downregulation. The regulatory effect of EGCG was greatly enhanced by miR-30a mimic and suppressed by miR-30a inhibitor. More importantly, EGCG pretreatment inhibited the expression of mitochondrial apoptotic related proteins downstream of the miR-30a/p53 pathway. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that EGCG pretreatment may attenuate mitochondrial impairment and myocardial apoptosis by regulation of miR-30a/p53 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Zhang
- Xiangya Hospital of Centre-south University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Ping Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Ronggan Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Xiaojia Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Jie Jian
- Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
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Razvi S, Jabbar A, Pingitore A, Danzi S, Biondi B, Klein I, Peeters R, Zaman A, Iervasi G. Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Function and Diseases. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 71:1781-1796. [PMID: 29673469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) receptors are present in the myocardium and vascular tissue, and minor alterations in TH concentration can affect cardiovascular (CV) physiology. The potential mechanisms that link CV disease with thyroid dysfunction are endothelial dysfunction, changes in blood pressure, myocardial systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and dyslipidemia. In addition, cardiac disease itself may lead to alterations in TH concentrations (notably, low triiodothyronine syndrome) that are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Experimental data and small clinical trials have suggested a beneficial role of TH in ameliorating CV disease. The aim of this review is to provide clinicians dealing with CV conditions with an overview of the current knowledge of TH perturbations in CV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Razvi
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, United Kingdom.
| | - Avais Jabbar
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Pingitore
- Clinical Physiology Institute, Consiglio Nazionale dele Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Danzi
- Queensborough Community College, The City University of New York, Bayside, New York
| | - Bernadette Biondi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Irwin Klein
- School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Robin Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Azfar Zaman
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- Clinical Physiology Institute, Consiglio Nazionale dele Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
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Protective Effects of Euthyroidism Restoration on Mitochondria Function and Quality Control in Cardiac Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143377. [PMID: 31295805 PMCID: PMC6678270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are major contributors to heart disease onset and progression. Under ischemic injuries or cardiac overload, mitochondrial-derived oxidative stress, Ca2+ dis-homeostasis, and inflammation initiate cross-talking vicious cycles leading to defects of mitochondrial DNA, lipids, and proteins, concurrently resulting in fatal energy crisis and cell loss. Blunting such noxious stimuli and preserving mitochondrial homeostasis are essential to cell survival. In this context, mitochondrial quality control (MQC) represents an expanding research topic and therapeutic target in the field of cardiac physiology. MQC is a multi-tier surveillance system operating at the protein, organelle, and cell level to repair or eliminate damaged mitochondrial components and replace them by biogenesis. Novel evidence highlights the critical role of thyroid hormones (TH) in regulating multiple aspects of MQC, resulting in increased organelle turnover, improved mitochondrial bioenergetics, and the retention of cell function. In the present review, these emerging protective effects are discussed in the context of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and heart failure, focusing on MQC as a strategy to blunt the propagation of connected dangerous signaling cascades and limit adverse remodeling. A better understanding of such TH-dependent signaling could provide insights into the development of mitochondria-targeted treatments in patients with cardiac disease.
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Zeng B, Liu L, Liao X, Zhang C, Ruan H. Thyroid hormone protects cardiomyocytes from H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:205-215. [PMID: 31059699 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of cardiac diseases, including acute myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure. Growing evidence indicates that thyroid hormone has protective properties against cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about its effect on oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes or the underlying mechanisms. This study showed that T3 pretreatment in vivo significantly reduced cardiac dysfunction by increasing the left ventricular ejection function and ameliorating the pathological changes induced by I/R-induced injury. In an in vitro experiment, T3 inhibited apoptosis in H2O2-treated cardiomyocytes, as evidenced by the decreased expression of Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and 9, and increased expression of Bcl-2. In addition, oxidative stress observed in hearts of mice with I/R injury was significantly alleviated by T3 pretreatment, intracellular ROS and mitochondrial ROS overproduction were effectively inhibited, and similar results were also detected in H2O2-treated cardiomyocytes in vitro. T3 significantly increased antioxidant protein (Nrf2 and HO-1) expression levels, and inhibited NOX2 and NOX4 protein expression levels in H2O2-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, T3 preserved mitochondrial functions upon H2O2-induced oxidative stress by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and promoting the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis genes. Notably, the PI3K/AKT signaling was significantly activated by T3 pretreatment in H2O2-induced cardiomyocytes. Together, these findings revealed that T3 could be served as potential therapeutic target for protection against cardiac oxidative stress injury through its antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effects, which are mediated by the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huaiyu Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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von Hafe M, Neves JS, Vale C, Borges-Canha M, Leite-Moreira A. The impact of thyroid hormone dysfunction on ischemic heart disease. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:R76-R90. [PMID: 30959486 PMCID: PMC6499922 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones have a central role in cardiovascular homeostasis. In myocardium, these hormones stimulate both diastolic myocardial relaxation and systolic myocardial contraction, have a pro-angiogenic effect and an important role in extracellular matrix maintenance. Thyroid hormones modulate cardiac mitochondrial function. Dysfunction of thyroid axis impairs myocardial bioenergetic status. Both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with a higher incidence of coronary events and an increased risk of heart failure progression. Endothelial function is also impaired in hypothyroid state, with decreased nitric oxide-mediated vascular relaxation. In heart disease, particularly in ischemic heart disease, abnormalities in thyroid hormone levels are common and are an important factor to be considered. In fact, low thyroid hormone levels should be interpreted as a cardiovascular risk factor. Regarding ischemic heart disease, during the late post-myocardial infarction period, thyroid hormones modulate left ventricular structure, function and geometry. Dysfunction of thyroid axis might even be more prevalent in the referred condition since there is an upregulation of type 3 deiodinase in myocardium, producing a state of local cardiac hypothyroidism. In this focused review, we summarize the central pathophysiological and clinical links between altered thyroid function and ischemic heart disease. Finally, we highlight the potential benefits of thyroid hormone supplementation as a therapeutic target in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena von Hafe
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Sergio Neves
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence should be addressed to J S Neves:
| | - Catarina Vale
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Borges-Canha
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Liu S, He Y, Shi J, Liu L, Ma H, He L, Guo Y. Downregulation of miRNA-30a enhanced autophagy in osthole-alleviated myocardium ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Cell Physiol 2019. [PMID: 31017665 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osthole could alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we explored whether microRNA (miR)-30a and its target autophagy marker Beclin-1 involved in the osthole protective role in the rat and cells myocardial I/R injury models. The myocardial damages including increases in myocardial collagen content and cell apoptosis in I/R injury model were observed by Masson's Trichrome Staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assays. Osthole significantly inhibited the myocardial damages. Osthole inhibited the induction of miR-30a expression by I/R in rat and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in myocardial cells. After knockdown, the expression of miR-30a by miR-30a inhibitor, H/R induced cell apoptosis was significantly inhibited. The level of Beclin-1 expression and ratio of LC3BII/LC3BI were inhibited by I/R in rat and H/R in myocardial cells, whereas osthole significantly increased them. Knockdown of miR-30a significantly upregulated the Beclin-1 expression and ratio of LC3BII/LC3BI. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA significantly reversed the protective role of osthole in H/R myocardial cell. Therefore, we concluded that the mechanism by which osthole alleviate myocardial I/R injury may be achieved by enhancing the autophagy partially via inhibiting the expression of miR-30a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cardiac Surgery Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying He
- Psychosomatic Medicine Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingqiang Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Pingitore A, Mastorci F, Piaggi P, Aquaro GD, Molinaro S, Ravani M, De Caterina A, Trianni G, Ndreu R, Berti S, Vassalle C, Iervasi G. Usefulness of Triiodothyronine Replacement Therapy in Patients With ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Borderline/Reduced Triiodothyronine Levels (from the THIRST Study). Am J Cardiol 2019; 123:905-912. [PMID: 30638544 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether TH replacement therapy is safe and impact infarct size, left ventricular (LV) volumes and function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and low T3 syndrome (LT3S). Thirty-seven AMI/LT3S patients were randomly treated or untreated with liothyronine (T3) therapy (maximum dosage 15 mcg/m2/die) in addition to standardized treatment (T3-treated group, n = 19; untreated group, n = 18). TH and thyroxine (TSH) during hospital stay and at 1-month and 6 months were evaluated. At discharge and at 6 months LV volumes, ejection fraction, wall motion score index (WMSI) and infarct extent were measured by cardiac MR. T3-treated patients had a significant increase in fT3 (p = 0.003 and p <0.001) at discharge and 1-month. These patients had no signs or symptoms of hyperthyroidism or arrhythmias. At follow-up, there was a significant reduction in WMSI in both groups (T3-treated group: Δ = -0.12, p = 0.001; untreated group: Δ = -0.04, p = 0.04) and the difference value (discharge/follow-up) was significantly higher in T3-treated group than in untreated group (mean difference between groups = 0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01 to 0.15, p = 0.05). Also, stroke volume increased significantly in the T3-treated group (Δ = 3.4, 95% CI: 0.8 to 6, p <0.01) at follow-up. In conclusion, this is the first pilot experience in which T3 replacement therapy resulted safe and able to improve regional dysfunction in patients with STEMI/LT3S.
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Yan Y, Shi R, Yu X, Sun C, Zang W, Tian H. Identification of atrial fibrillation-associated microRNAs in left and right atria of rheumatic mitral valve disease patients. Genes Genet Syst 2019; 94:23-34. [DOI: 10.1266/ggs.17-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Chaofeng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Hongyan Tian
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
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Wang J, Bie Z, Sun C. Long noncoding RNA AK088388 regulates autophagy through miR‐30a to affect cardiomyocyte injury. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:10155-10163. [PMID: 30635942 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐jing Wang
- Department of Medicine Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shanxi China
- Department of Cardiology General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan Ningxia China
| | - Zi‐dong Bie
- Department of Cardiology Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Yantai Shandong China
| | - Chao‐feng Sun
- Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shanxi China
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Forini F, Nicolini G, Pitto L, Iervasi G. Novel Insight Into the Epigenetic and Post-transcriptional Control of Cardiac Gene Expression by Thyroid Hormone. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:601. [PMID: 31555215 PMCID: PMC6727178 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling is critically involved in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology. Even mild reductions of myocardial TH levels, as occur in hypothyroidism or low T3 state conditions, are thought to play a role in the progression of cardiac disorders. Due to recent advances in molecular mechanisms underlying TH action, it is now accepted that TH-dependent modulation of gene expression is achieved at multiple transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and involves the cooperation of many processes. Among them, the epigenetic remodeling of chromatin structure and the interplay with non-coding RNA have emerged as novel TH-dependent pathways that add further degrees of complexity and broaden the network of genes controlled by TH signaling. Increasing experimental and clinical findings indicate that aberrant function of these regulatory mechanisms promotes the evolution of cardiac disorders such as post-ischemic injury, pathological hypertrophy, and heart failure, which may be reversed by the correction of the underlying TH dyshomeostasis. To encourage the clinical implementation of a TH replacement strategy in cardiac disease, here we discuss the crucial effect of epigenetic modifications and control of non-coding RNA in TH-dependent regulation of biological processes relevant for cardiac disease evolution.
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Mastorci F, Sabatino L, Vassalle C, Pingitore A. Cardioprotection and Thyroid Hormones in the Clinical Setting of Heart Failure. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:927. [PMID: 32047475 PMCID: PMC6997485 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is becoming more widespread with population aging. Cardioprotection is a dynamic process characterized by mechanisms related to myocardial damage and activation of protective factors. Targeting these processes could be attractive as a new therapeutic strategy in the evolution of post-ischemic heart failure (HF). In this context, the role of thyroid hormone (TH)-mediated cardioprotection is supported by a number of findings regarding the modulation of neuroendocrine systems, inflammatory and oxidative stress status, pro-survival intracellular pathways, and epigenetic factors, its effects on cardiac angiogenesis, structure, and function and on the preservation of mitochondrial function and morphology, and its beneficial effects on cell growth and redifferentiation. Moreover, the numerous effects of TH on the heart involve genomic mechanisms, which include cardiac differentiation during the perinatal period and non-genomic action, directed toward the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. This evidence suggests that there is an opportunity to treat HF patients with TH. This review is mainly focused on the clinical evidence of the role of the thyroid system in the complex setting of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alessandro Pingitore
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Pingitore
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50
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Cerf ME. High Fat Programming and Cardiovascular Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2018; 54:E86. [PMID: 30428585 PMCID: PMC6262472 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54050086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Programming is triggered through events during critical developmental phases that alter offspring health outcomes. High fat programming is defined as the maintenance on a high fat diet during fetal and/or early postnatal life that induces metabolic and physiological alterations that compromise health. The maternal nutritional status, including the dietary fatty acid composition, during gestation and/or lactation, are key determinants of fetal and postnatal development. A maternal high fat diet and obesity during gestation compromises the maternal metabolic state and, through high fat programming, presents an unfavorable intrauterine milieu for fetal growth and development thereby conferring adverse cardiac outcomes to offspring. Stressors on the heart, such as a maternal high fat diet and obesity, alter the expression of cardiac-specific factors that alter cardiac structure and function. The proper nutritional balance, including the fatty acid balance, particularly during developmental windows, are critical for maintaining cardiac structure, preserving cardiac function and enhancing the cardiac response to metabolic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon E Cerf
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
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