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Gao H, Wang K, Suarez JA, Jin Z, Rocha KCE, Zhang D, Farrell A, Truong T, Tekin Y, Tan B, Jung HS, Kempf J, Mahata SK, Dillmann WH, Suarez J, Ying W. Gut lumen-leaked microbial DNA causes myocardial inflammation and impairs cardiac contractility in ageing mouse heart. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216344. [PMID: 37520546 PMCID: PMC10373503 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates the critical roles of microbiota in mediating host cardiac functions in ageing, however, the mechanisms underlying the communications between microbiota and cardiac cells during the ageing process have not been fully elucidated. Bacterial DNA was enriched in the cardiomyocytes of both ageing humans and mice. Antibiotic treatment remarkably reduced bacterial DNA abundance in ageing mice. Gut microbial DNA containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) were readily leaked into the bloodstream and infiltrated into cardiomyocytes in ageing mice, causing cardiac microbial DNA enrichment. Vsig4+ macrophages efficiently block the spread of gut mEVs whereas Vsig4+ cell population was greatly decreased in ageing mice. Gut mEV treatment resulted in cardiac inflammation and a reduction in cardiac contractility in young Vsig4-/- mice. Microbial DNA depletion attenuated the pathogenic effects of gut mEVs. cGAS/STING signaling is critical for the effects of microbial DNA. Restoring Vsig4+ macrophage population in ageing WT mice reduced cardiac microbial DNA abundance and inflammation and improved heart contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jorge A. Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Karina Cunha e Rocha
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Andrea Farrell
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tyler Truong
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yasemin Tekin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Breanna Tan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hyun Suh Jung
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Julia Kempf
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Cabrera JT, Si R, Tsuji-Hosokawa A, Cai H, Yuan JXJ, Dillmann WH, Makino A. Restoration of coronary microvascular function by OGA overexpression in a high-fat diet with low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2023; 20:14791641231173630. [PMID: 37186669 DOI: 10.1177/14791641231173630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained hyperglycemia results in excess protein O-GlcNAcylation, leading to vascular complications in diabetes. This study aims to investigate the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the progression of coronary microvascular disease (CMD) in inducible type 2 diabetic (T2D) mice generated by a high-fat diet with a single injection of low-dose streptozotocin. Inducible T2D mice exhibited an increase in protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiac endothelial cells (CECs) and decreases in coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR, an indicator of coronary microvascular function) and capillary density accompanied by increased endothelial apoptosis in the heart. Endothelial-specific O-GlcNAcase (OGA) overexpression significantly lowered protein O-GlcNAcylation in CECs, increased CFVR and capillary density, and decreased endothelial apoptosis in T2D mice. OGA overexpression also improved cardiac contractility in T2D mice. OGA gene transduction augmented angiogenic capacity in high-glucose treated CECs. PCR array analysis revealed that seven out of 92 genes show significant differences among control, T2D, and T2D + OGA mice, and Sp1 might be a great target for future study, the level of which was significantly increased by OGA in T2D mice. Our data suggest that reducing protein O-GlcNAcylation in CECs has a beneficial effect on coronary microvascular function, and OGA is a promising therapeutic target for CMD in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody Tori Cabrera
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rui Si
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Hua Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Tatekoshi Y, Shapiro JS, Liu M, Bianco GM, Tatekoshi A, De Jesus A, Koleini N, Wasserstrom JA, Dillmann WH, Weinberg SE, Ardehali H. [WITHDRAWN] Hexokinase-1 mitochondrial dissociation and protein O-GlcNAcylation drive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2448086. [PMID: 36747777 PMCID: PMC9901020 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2448086/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tatekoshi
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason S Shapiro
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - George M Bianco
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayumi Tatekoshi
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adam De Jesus
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Navid Koleini
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Andrew Wasserstrom
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Samuel E Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute and Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Gao H, Jin Z, Tang K, Ji Y, Suarez J, Suarez JA, Cunha e Rocha K, Zhang D, Dillmann WH, Mahata SK, Ying W. Microbial DNA Enrichment Promotes Adrenomedullary Inflammation, Catecholamine Secretion, and Hypertension in Obese Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e024561. [PMID: 35112881 PMCID: PMC9245808 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.024561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is an established risk factor for hypertension. Although obesity‐induced gut barrier breach leads to the leakage of various microbiota‐derived products into host circulation and distal organs, the roles of microbiota in mediating the development of obesity‐associated adrenomedullary disorders and hypertension have not been elucidated. We seek to explore the impacts of microbial DNA enrichment on inducing obesity‐related adrenomedullary abnormalities and hypertension. Methods and Results Obesity was accompanied by remarkable bacterial DNA accumulation and elevated inflammation in the adrenal glands. Gut microbial DNA containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) were readily leaked into the bloodstream and infiltrated into the adrenal glands in obese mice, causing microbial DNA enrichment. In lean wild‐type mice, adrenal macrophages expressed CRIg (complement receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily) that efficiently blocks the infiltration of gut mEVs. In contrast, the adrenal CRIg+ cell population was greatly decreased in obese mice. In lean CRIg−/− or C3−/− (complement component 3) mice intravenously injected with gut mEVs, adrenal microbial DNA accumulation elevated adrenal inflammation and norepinephrine secretion, concomitant with hypertension. In addition, microbial DNA promoted inflammatory responses and norepinephrine production in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells treated with gut mEVs. Depletion of microbial DNA cargo markedly blunted the effects of gut mEVs. We also validated that activation of cGAS (cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase)/STING (cyclic GMP–AMP receptor stimulator of interferon genes) signaling is required for the ability of microbial DNA to trigger adrenomedullary dysfunctions in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Restoring CRIg+ cells in obese mice decreased microbial DNA abundance, inflammation, and hypertension. Conclusions The leakage of gut mEVs leads to adrenal enrichment of microbial DNA that are pathogenic to induce obesity‐associated adrenomedullary abnormalities and hypertension. Recovering the CRIg+ macrophage population attenuates obesity‐induced adrenomedullary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | - Yudong Ji
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
- Department of AnesthesiologyInstitute of Anesthesiology and Critical CareUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Jorge A. Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Karina Cunha e Rocha
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
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5
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Cividini F, Scott BT, Suarez J, Casteel DE, Heinz S, Dai A, Diemer T, Suarez JA, Benner CW, Ghassemian M, Dillmann WH. Ncor2/PPARα-Dependent Upregulation of MCUb in the Type 2 Diabetic Heart Impacts Cardiac Metabolic Flexibility and Function. Diabetes 2021; 70:665-679. [PMID: 33303689 PMCID: PMC7897348 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of altered mitochondrial Ca2+ handling to metabolic and functional defects in type 2 diabetic (T2D) mouse hearts is not well understood. In this study, we show that the T2D heart is metabolically inflexible and almost exclusively dependent on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation as a consequence of mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) inhibitory subunit MCUb overexpression. Using a recombinant endonuclease-deficient Cas9-based gene promoter pulldown approach coupled with mass spectrometry, we found that MCUb is upregulated in the T2D heart due to loss of glucose homeostasis regulator nuclear receptor corepressor 2 repression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α as a mediator of MCUb gene expression in T2D cardiomyocytes. Upregulation of MCUb limits mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ uptake and impairs mitochondrial energy production via glucose oxidation by depressing pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity. Gene therapy displacement of endogenous MCUb with a dominant-negative MCUb transgene (MCUbW246R/V251E) in vivo rescued T2D cardiomyocytes from metabolic inflexibility and stimulated cardiac contractile function and adrenergic responsiveness by enhancing phospholamban phosphorylation via protein kinase A. We conclude that MCUb represents one newly discovered molecular effector at the interface of metabolism and cardiac function, and its repression improves the outcome of the chronically stressed diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cividini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Darren E Casteel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sven Heinz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Anzhi Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tanja Diemer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jorge A Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Majid Ghassemian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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6
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Zemljic-Harpf AE, Hoe LES, Schilling JM, Zuniga-Hertz JP, Nguyen A, Vaishnav YJ, Belza GJ, Budiono BP, Patel PM, Head BP, Dillmann WH, Mahata SK, Peart JN, Roth DM, Headrick JP, Patel HH. Morphine induces physiological, structural, and molecular benefits in the diabetic myocardium. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21407. [PMID: 33583084 PMCID: PMC10843897 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903233r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has increased type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) across developed countries. Cardiac T2DM risks include ischemic heart disease, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, intolerance to ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury, and refractoriness to cardioprotection. While opioids are cardioprotective, T2DM causes opioid receptor signaling dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that sustained opioid receptor stimulus may overcome diabetes mellitus-induced cardiac dysfunction via membrane/mitochondrial-dependent protection. In a murine T2DM model, we investigated effects of morphine on cardiac function, I-R tolerance, ultrastructure, subcellular cholesterol expression, mitochondrial protein abundance, and mitochondrial function. T2DM induced 25% weight gain, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, cardiac hypertrophy, moderate cardiac depression, exaggerated postischemic myocardial dysfunction, abnormalities in mitochondrial respiration, ultrastructure and Ca2+ -induced swelling, and cell death were all evident. Morphine administration for 5 days: (1) improved glucose homeostasis; (2) reversed cardiac depression; (3) enhanced I-R tolerance; (4) restored mitochondrial ultrastructure; (5) improved mitochondrial function; (6) upregulated Stat3 protein; and (7) preserved membrane cholesterol homeostasis. These data show that morphine treatment restores contractile function, ischemic tolerance, mitochondrial structure and function, and membrane dynamics in type II diabetic hearts. These findings suggest potential translational value for short-term, but high-dose morphine administration in diabetic patients undergoing or recovering from acute ischemic cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E. Zemljic-Harpf
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Louise E. See Hoe
- Department of Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jan M. Schilling
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Juan P. Zuniga-Hertz
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Nguyen
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yash J. Vaishnav
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gianna J. Belza
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Boris P. Budiono
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Piyush M. Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian P. Head
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason N. Peart
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - David M. Roth
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John P. Headrick
- Heart Foundation Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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7
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Si R, Zhang Q, Tsuji-Hosokawa A, Watanabe M, Willson C, Lai N, Wang J, Dai A, Scott BT, Dillmann WH, Yuan JXJ, Makino A. Overexpression of p53 due to excess protein O-GlcNAcylation is associated with coronary microvascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1186-1198. [PMID: 31504245 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We previously reported that increased protein O-GlcNAcylation in diabetic mice led to vascular rarefaction in the heart. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether and how coronary endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis is enhanced by protein O-GlcNAcylation and thus induces coronary microvascular disease (CMD) and subsequent cardiac dysfunction in diabetes. We hypothesize that excessive protein O-GlcNAcylation increases p53 that leads to CMD and reduced cardiac contractility. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted in vivo functional experiments in control mice, TALLYHO/Jng (TH) mice, a polygenic type 2 diabetic (T2D) model, and EC-specific O-GlcNAcase (OGA, an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of O-GlcNAc from proteins)-overexpressing TH mice, as well as in vitro experiments in isolated ECs from these mice. TH mice exhibited a significant increase in coronary EC apoptosis and reduction of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR), an assessment of coronary microvascular function, in comparison to wild-type mice. The decreased CFVR, due at least partially to EC apoptosis, was associated with decreased cardiac contractility in TH mice. Western blot experiments showed that p53 protein level was significantly higher in coronary ECs from TH mice and T2D patients than in control ECs. High glucose treatment also increased p53 protein level in control ECs. Furthermore, overexpression of OGA decreased protein O-GlcNAcylation and down-regulated p53 in coronary ECs, and conferred a protective effect on cardiac function in TH mice. Inhibition of p53 with pifithrin-α attenuated coronary EC apoptosis and restored CFVR and cardiac contractility in TH mice. CONCLUSIONS The data from this study indicate that inhibition of p53 or down-regulation of p53 by OGA overexpression attenuates coronary EC apoptosis and improves CFVR and cardiac function in diabetes. Lowering coronary endothelial p53 levels via OGA overexpression could be a potential therapeutic approach for CMD in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Si
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Rd., Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 195 W Dongfeng Rd., Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Atsumi Tsuji-Hosokawa
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Makiko Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Conor Willson
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Ning Lai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 195 W Dongfeng Rd., Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 195 W Dongfeng Rd., Guangzhou 510182, China.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave. Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Anzhi Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave. Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave. Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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8
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Wende AR, Schell JC, Ha CM, Pepin ME, Khalimonchuk O, Schwertz H, Pereira RO, Brahma MK, Tuinei J, Contreras-Ferrat A, Wang L, Andrizzi CA, Olsen CD, Bradley WE, Dell'Italia LJ, Dillmann WH, Litwin SE, Abel ED. Maintaining Myocardial Glucose Utilization in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Accelerates Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Diabetes 2020; 69:2094-2111. [PMID: 32366681 PMCID: PMC7506832 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac glucose uptake and oxidation are reduced in diabetes despite hyperglycemia. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to heart failure in diabetes. It is unclear whether these changes are adaptive or maladaptive. To directly evaluate the relationship between glucose delivery and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy, we generated transgenic mice with inducible cardiomyocyte-specific expression of the GLUT4. We examined mice rendered hyperglycemic following low-dose streptozotocin prior to increasing cardiomyocyte glucose uptake by transgene induction. Enhanced myocardial glucose in nondiabetic mice decreased mitochondrial ATP generation and was associated with echocardiographic evidence of diastolic dysfunction. Increasing myocardial glucose delivery after short-term diabetes onset exacerbated mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the largest changes, driven by glucose and diabetes, were in genes involved in mitochondrial function. This glucose-dependent transcriptional repression was in part mediated by O-GlcNAcylation of the transcription factor Sp1. Increased glucose uptake induced direct O-GlcNAcylation of many electron transport chain subunits and other mitochondrial proteins. These findings identify mitochondria as a major target of glucotoxicity. They also suggest that reduced glucose utilization in diabetic cardiomyopathy might defend against glucotoxicity and caution that restoring glucose delivery to the heart in the context of diabetes could accelerate mitochondrial dysfunction by disrupting protective metabolic adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Wende
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - John C Schell
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Chae-Myeong Ha
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Mark E Pepin
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
| | - Hansjörg Schwertz
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Molecular Medicine Program, and Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Renata O Pereira
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Manoja K Brahma
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Joseph Tuinei
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Ariel Contreras-Ferrat
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Li Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Chase A Andrizzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Curtis D Olsen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Wayne E Bradley
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Louis J Dell'Italia
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Sheldon E Litwin
- Division of Cardiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Division of Cardiology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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9
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Diaz-Juarez J, Suarez JA, Dillmann WH, Suarez J. Mitochondrial calcium handling and heart disease in diabetes mellitus. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:165984. [PMID: 33002576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus-induced heart disease, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, is an important medical problem and is difficult to treat. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk for heart failure and decreases cardiac myocyte function, which are linked to changes in cardiac mitochondrial energy metabolism. The free mitochondrial calcium concentration ([Ca2+]m) is fundamental in activating the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and ATP production and is also known to regulate the activity of key mitochondrial dehydrogenases. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) plays a major role in mediating mitochondrial Ca2+ import, and its expression and function therefore may have a marked impact on cardiac myocyte metabolism and function. Here, we summarize the pathophysiological role of [Ca2+]m handling and MCUC in the diabetic heart. In addition, we evaluate potential therapeutic targets, directed to the machinery that regulates mitochondrial calcium handling, to alleviate diabetes-related cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Diaz-Juarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Seccion XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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10
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Suarez AE, Cividini F, Suarez-Ramirez J, Dillmann WH. Abnormal Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/Mitochondria Ca
2+
Microdomains Impairs Mitochondrial Ca
2+
in Cardiomyocytes in Aging. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.09374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H Dillmann
- From the Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
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12
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Martin JL, Hickey E, Weber LA, Dillmann WH, Mestril R. Influence of phosphorylation and oligomerization on the protective role of the small heat shock protein 27 in rat adult cardiomyocytes. Gene Expr 2018; 7:349-55. [PMID: 10440235 PMCID: PMC6174661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated that the heat shock proteins (hsp) and in particular the hsp70 confer protection against cardiac ischemic damage. More recently, we have shown that increased expression of another heat shock protein, the hsp27, through an adenovirus vector system protects adult cardiomyocytes against ischemic injury. This small heat shock protein undergoes phosphorylation when the cell is under stress. This has led many to speculate that phosphorylation of hsp27 is required for the protective role this protein plays in the cell. In order to investigate this possibility, we have mutated the serines that are the sites of phosphorylation on the hsp27, to glycines or alanines. These nonphosphorylatable mutants of hsp27 were cloned into adenoviral vectors and used to infect adult rat cardiomyocytes to assess their ability in protecting against ischemic injury. In addition, we used a specific inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase that is a key member of the kinase pathway responsible for phosphorylating the hsp27. Our present results show that the nonphosphorylated hsp27 forms larger oligomeric complexes than the phosphorylated hsp27. Interestingly, phosphorylation of hsp27 seems not to play a role in its ability to protect adult rat cardiomyocytes against ischemic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody L. Martin
- Department of Physiology, The Cardiovascular Institute, Loyola University, Chicago, IL
| | - Eileen Hickey
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV
| | - Lee A. Weber
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV
| | | | - Ruben Mestril
- Department of Physiology, The Cardiovascular Institute, Loyola University, Chicago, IL
- Address correspondence to Ruben Mestril, Ph.D., The Cardiovascular Institute, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Bldg. 110, Room 5227, Maywood, IL 60153. Tel: (708) 327-2395; Fax: (708) 327-2849; E-mail:
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13
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Suarez J, Cividini F, Scott BT, Lehmann K, Diaz-Juarez J, Diemer T, Dai A, Suarez JA, Jain M, Dillmann WH. Restoring mitochondrial calcium uniporter expression in diabetic mouse heart improves mitochondrial calcium handling and cardiac function. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8182-8195. [PMID: 29626093 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a growing health care problem, resulting in significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Diabetes also increases the risk for heart failure (HF) and decreased cardiac myocyte function, which are linked to changes in cardiac mitochondrial energy metabolism. The free mitochondrial calcium level ([Ca2+] m ) is fundamental in activating the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and ATP production and is also known to regulate pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) activity. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex (MCUC) plays a major role in mediating mitochondrial Ca2+ import, and its expression and function therefore have a marked impact on cardiac myocyte metabolism and function. Here, we investigated MCU's role in mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, mitochondrial function, glucose oxidation, and cardiac function in the heart of diabetic mice. We found that diabetic mouse hearts exhibit altered expression of MCU and MCUC members and a resulting decrease in [Ca2+] m , mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, mitochondrial energetic function, and cardiac function. Adeno-associated virus-based normalization of MCU levels in these hearts restored mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, reduced PDC phosphorylation levels, and increased PDC activity. These changes were associated with cardiac metabolic reprogramming toward normal physiological glucose oxidation. This reprogramming likely contributed to the restoration of both cardiac myocyte and heart function to nondiabetic levels without any observed detrimental effects. These findings support the hypothesis that abnormal mitochondrial Ca2+ handling and its negative consequences can be ameliorated in diabetes by restoring MCU levels via adeno-associated virus-based MCU transgene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671
| | - Federico Cividini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671
| | - Kim Lehmann
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Julieta Diaz-Juarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671; Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano 41, Barrio Belisario Domínguez Secc XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico
| | - Tanja Diemer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671
| | - Anzhi Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671
| | - Jorge A Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671
| | - Mohit Jain
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671.
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Gao MH, Lai NC, Giamouridis D, Kim YC, Tan Z, Guo T, Dillmann WH, Suarez J, Hammond HK. Cardiac-Directed Expression of Adenylyl Cyclase Catalytic Domain Reverses Cardiac Dysfunction Caused by Sustained Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 1:617-629. [PMID: 28670631 PMCID: PMC5490496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac-targeted expression of C1C2 reduces cAMP production yet mice maintain normal cardiac function through increased Ca2+ handling. Sustained isoproterenol infusion reduces heart function in normal mice, but improves heart function in mice with increased cardiac C1C2 expression. Reduced cardiac cAMP generation and resistance to catecholamine cardiomyopathy are attractive features of this potential heart failure therapeutic. Removing the large transmembrane domains of AC6 and fusing the two intracellular domains provides a small molecule, C1C2, that replicates many of the beneficial effects of AC6, but is sufficiently small to be expressed in an AAV vector for gene transfer.
Transgenic mice with cardiac-directed C1C2, a fusion protein of the intracellular C1 and C2 segments of adenylyl cyclase type 6, had normal left ventricular (LV) function, but diminished cAMP generation. Cardiac myocytes from C1C2 mice showed increased Ca2+ release. Mice underwent continuous isoproterenol infusion to stress the heart. In C1C2 mice, sustained isoproterenol infusion increased rather than decreased LV function. LV SERCA2a and Ca2+ release were increased. Reduced cAMP generation and resistance to catecholamine cardiomyopathy are attractive features of this potential heart failure therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Hua Gao
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - N Chin Lai
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - Dimosthenis Giamouridis
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - Young Chul Kim
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - Zhen Tan
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - Tracy Guo
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - Jorge Suarez
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
| | - H Kirk Hammond
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego
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15
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Cividini F, Scott BT, Dai A, Han W, Suarez J, Diaz-Juarez J, Diemer T, Casteel DE, Dillmann WH. O-GlcNAcylation of 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase (Ogg1) Impairs Oxidative Mitochondrial DNA Lesion Repair in Diabetic Hearts. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:26515-26528. [PMID: 27816939 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.754481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
mtDNA damage in cardiac myocytes resulting from increased oxidative stress is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. A prevalent lesion that occurs in mtDNA damage is the formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which can cause mutations when not repaired properly by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (Ogg1). Although the mtDNA repair machinery has been described in cardiac myocytes, the regulation of this repair has been incompletely investigated. Here we report that the hearts of type 1 diabetic mice, despite having increased Ogg1 protein levels, had significantly lower Ogg1 activity than the hearts of control, non-type 1 diabetic mice. In diabetic hearts, we further observed increased levels of 8-OHdG and an increased amount of mtDNA damage. Interestingly, Ogg1 was found to be highly O-GlcNAcylated in diabetic mice compared with controls. In vitro experiments demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation inhibits Ogg1 activity, which could explain the mtDNA lesion accumulation observed in vivo Reducing Ogg1 O-GlcNAcylation in vivo by introducing a dominant negative O-GlcNAc transferase mutant (F460A) restored Ogg1 enzymatic activity and, consequently, reduced 8-OHdG and mtDNA damage despite the adverse hyperglycemic milieu. Taken together, our results implicate hyperglycemia-induced O-GlcNAcylation of Ogg1 in increased mtDNA damage and, therefore, provide a new plausible biochemical mechanism for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cividini
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
| | - Brian T Scott
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
| | - Anzhi Dai
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
| | - Wenlong Han
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
| | - Jorge Suarez
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
| | - Julieta Diaz-Juarez
- the Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano 41, Barrio Belisario Domínguez Secc XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico
| | - Tanja Diemer
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
| | - Darren E Casteel
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0671 and
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16
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Diaz-Juarez J, Suarez J, Cividini F, Scott BT, Diemer T, Dai A, Dillmann WH. Expression of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter in cardiac myocytes improves impaired mitochondrial calcium handling and metabolism in simulated hyperglycemia. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C1005-C1013. [PMID: 27681178 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00236.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with metabolic changes, including decreased glucose oxidation (Gox) and increased fatty acid oxidation (FAox), which result in cardiac energetic deficiency. Diabetic hyperglycemia is a pathophysiological mechanism that triggers multiple maladaptive phenomena. The mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) is the channel responsible for Ca2+ uptake in mitochondria, and free mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]m) regulates mitochondrial metabolism. Experiments with cardiac myocytes (CM) exposed to simulated hyperglycemia revealed reduced [Ca2+]m and MCU protein levels. Therefore, we investigated whether returning [Ca2+]m to normal levels in CM by MCU expression could lead to normalization of Gox and FAox with no detrimental effects. Mouse neonatal CM were exposed for 72 h to normal glucose [5.5 mM glucose + 19.5 mM mannitol (NG)], high glucose [25 mM glucose (HG)], or HG + adenoviral MCU expression. Gox and FAox, [Ca2+]m, MCU levels, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis were assessed. [Ca2+]m and MCU protein levels were reduced after 72 h of HG. Gox was decreased and FAox was increased in HG, PDH activity was decreased, phosphorylated PDH levels were increased, and mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced. MCU expression returned these parameters toward NG levels. Moreover, increased oxidative stress and apoptosis were reduced in HG by MCU expression. We also observed reduced MCU protein levels and [Ca2+]m in hearts from type 1 diabetic mice. Thus we conclude that HG-induced metabolic alterations can be reversed by restoration of MCU levels, resulting in return of [Ca2+]m to normal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Diaz-Juarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and.,Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Federico Cividini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Tanja Diemer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Anzhi Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
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17
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Radwański PB, Ho HT, Veeraraghavan R, Brunello L, Liu B, Belevych AE, Unudurthi SD, Makara MA, Priori SG, Volpe P, Armoundas AA, Dillmann WH, Knollmann BC, Mohler PJ, Hund TJ, Györke S. Neuronal Na + Channels Are Integral Components of Pro-arrhythmic Na +/Ca 2+ Signaling Nanodomain That Promotes Cardiac Arrhythmias During β-adrenergic Stimulation. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2016; 1:251-266. [PMID: 27747307 PMCID: PMC5065245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of death in the US. Vast majority of these arrhythmias including catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) are associated with increased levels of circulating catecholamines and involve abnormal impulse formation secondary to aberrant Ca2+ and Na+ handling. However, the mechanistic link between β-AR stimulation and the subcellular/molecular arrhythmogenic trigger(s) remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed functional and structural studies to assess Ca2+ and Na+ signaling in ventricular myocyte as well as surface electrocardiograms in mouse models of cardiac calsequestrin (CASQ2)-associated CPVT. We demonstrate that a subpopulation of Na+ channels (neuronal Na+ channels; nNav) that colocalize with RyR2 and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) are a part of the β-AR-mediated arrhythmogenic process. Specifically, augmented Na+ entry via nNav in the settings of genetic defects within the RyR2 complex and enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)-mediated SR Ca2+ refill is both an essential and a necessary factor for the arrhythmogenesis. Furthermore, we show that augmentation of Na+ entry involves β-AR-mediated activation of CAMKII subsequently leading to nNav augmentation. Importantly, selective pharmacological inhibition as well as silencing of Nav1.6 inhibit myocyte arrhythmic potential and prevent arrhythmias in vivo. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the arrhythmogenic alteration in Na+/Ca2+ handling evidenced ruing β-AR stimulation results, at least in part, from enhanced Na+ influx through nNav. Therefore, selective inhibition of these channels and Nav1.6 in particular can serve as a potential antiarrhythmic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław B Radwański
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US ; Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Hsiang-Ting Ho
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine Research, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Lucia Brunello
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Bin Liu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Andriy E Belevych
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Sathya D Unudurthi
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Makara
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Silvia G Priori
- Division of Cardiology and Molecular Cardiology, Maugeri Foundation-University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonis A Armoundas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter J Mohler
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine Research, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Sándor Györke
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
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18
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Stary V, Puppala D, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Dillmann WH, Armoundas AA. SERCA2a upregulation ameliorates cellular alternans induced by metabolic inhibition. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 120:865-75. [PMID: 26846549 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00588.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac alternans has been associated with the incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of impaired mitochondrial function in the genesis of cellular alternans and to examine whether modulating the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)ameliorates the level of alternans. Cardiomyocytes isolated from control and doxycyline-induced sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a)-upregulated mice were loaded with two different Ca(2+)indicators to selectively measure mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca(2+)using a custom-made fluorescence photometry system. The degree of alternans was defined as the alternans ratio (AR) [1 - (small Ca(2+)intensity)/(large Ca(2+)intensity)]. Blocking of complex I and II, cytochrome-coxidase, F0F1synthase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase of the electron transport chain, increased alternans in both control and SERCA2a mice (P< 0.01). Changes in AR in SERCA2a-upregulated mice were significantly less pronounced than those observed in control in seven of nine tested conditions (P< 0.04).N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), rescued alternans in myocytes that were previously exposed to an oxidizing agent (P< 0.001). CGP, an antagonist of the mitochondrial Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchanger, had the most severe effect on AR. Exposure to cyclosporin A, a blocker of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore reduced CGP-induced alternans (P< 0.0001). The major findings of this study are that impairment of mitochondrial Ca(2+)cycling and energy production leads to a higher amplitude of alternans in both control and SERCA2a-upregulated mice, but changes in SERCA2a-upregulated mice are less severe, indicating that SERCA2a mice are more capable of sustaining electrical stability during stress. This suggests a relationship between sarcoplasmic Ca(2+)content and mitochondrial dysfunction during alternans, which may potentially help to understand changes in Ca(2+)signaling in myocytes from diseased hearts, leading to new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Stary
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Dheeraj Puppala
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Antonis A Armoundas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;
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19
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Makino A, Dai A, Han Y, Youssef KD, Wang W, Donthamsetty R, Scott BT, Wang H, Dillmann WH. O-GlcNAcase overexpression reverses coronary endothelial cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 309:C593-9. [PMID: 26269457 PMCID: PMC4628934 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00069.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes, and endothelial dysfunction is commonly seen in these patients. Increased O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification is one of the central pathogenic features of diabetes. Modification of proteins by O-GlcNAc (O-GlcNAcylation) is regulated by two key enzymes: β-N-acetylglucosaminidase [O-GlcNAcase (OGA)], which catalyzes the reduction of protein O-GlcNAcylation, and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which induces O-GlcNAcylation. However, it is not known whether reducing O-GlcNAcylation can improve endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. To examine the effect of endothelium-specific OGA overexpression on protein O-GlcNAcylation and coronary endothelial function in diabetic mice, we generated tetracycline-inducible, endothelium-specific OGA transgenic mice, and induced OGA by doxycycline administration in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. OGA protein expression was significantly decreased in mouse coronary endothelial cells (MCECs) isolated from diabetic mice compared with control MCECs, whereas OGT protein level was markedly increased. The level of protein O-GlcNAcylation was increased in diabetic compared with control mice, and OGA overexpression significantly decreased the level of protein O-GlcNAcylation in MCECs from diabetic mice. Capillary density in the left ventricle and endothelium-dependent relaxation in coronary arteries were significantly decreased in diabetes, while OGA overexpression increased capillary density to the control level and restored endothelium-dependent relaxation without changing endothelium-independent relaxation. We found that connexin 40 could be the potential target of O-GlcNAcylation that regulates the endothelial functions in diabetes. These data suggest that OGA overexpression in endothelial cells improves endothelial function and may have a beneficial effect on coronary vascular complications in diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Connexins/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/enzymology
- Coronary Artery Disease/genetics
- Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/enzymology
- Coronary Vessels/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/enzymology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Enzyme Induction
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Glycosylation
- Histone Acetyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Histone Acetyltransferases/biosynthesis
- Histone Acetyltransferases/genetics
- Humans
- Hyaluronoglucosaminidase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Hyaluronoglucosaminidase/biosynthesis
- Hyaluronoglucosaminidase/genetics
- Male
- Mice, Transgenic
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Signal Transduction
- Vasodilation
- beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases/antagonists & inhibitors
- beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases/biosynthesis
- beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases/genetics
- Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Makino
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Anzhi Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Katia D Youssef
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Reshma Donthamsetty
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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20
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Suarez J, Wang H, Scott BT, Ling H, Makino A, Swanson E, Brown JH, Suarez JA, Feinstein S, Diaz-Juarez J, Dillmann WH. In vivo selective expression of thyroid hormone receptor α1 in endothelial cells attenuates myocardial injury in experimental myocardial infarction in mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2014; 307:R340-6. [PMID: 24848360 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00449.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the single most common cause of death. New approaches to enhance myocardial perfusion are needed to improve outcomes for patients with IHD. Thyroid hormones (TH) are known to increase blood flow; however, their usefulness for increasing perfusion in IHD is limited because TH accelerates heart rate, which can be detrimental. Therefore, selective activation of TH effects is desirable. We hypothesized that cell-type-specific TH receptor (TR) expression can increase TH action in the heart, while avoiding the negative consequences of TH treatment. We generated a binary transgenic (BTG) mouse that selectively expresses TRα1 in endothelial cells in a tetracycline-inducible fashion. In BTG mice, endothelial TRα1 protein expression was increased by twofold, which, in turn, increased coronary blood flow by 77%, coronary conductance by 60%, and coronary reserve by 47% compared with wild-type mice. Systemic blood pressure was decreased by 20% in BTG mice after TRα1 expression. No effects on heart rate were observed. Endothelial TRα1 expression activated AKT/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and increased A2AR adenosine receptor. Furthermore, hearts from BTG mice overexpressing TRα1 that were submitted to 20 min ischemia and 20 min reperfusion showed a 20% decline in left ventricular pressure (LVP) compared with control mice where LVP was decreased by 42%. Studies using an infarction mouse model demonstrated that endothelial overexpression of TRα1 decreased infarct size by 45%. In conclusion, selective expression of TRα1 in endothelial cells protects the heart against injury after an ischemic insult and does not result in adverse cardiac or systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Haiyun Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California; and
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Eric Swanson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California; and
| | - Jorge A Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shera Feinstein
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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21
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Gao MH, Lai NC, Miyanohara A, Schilling JM, Suarez J, Tang T, Guo T, Tang R, Parikh J, Giamouridis D, Dillmann WH, Patel HH, Roth DM, Dalton ND, Hammond HK. Intravenous adeno-associated virus serotype 8 encoding urocortin-2 provides sustained augmentation of left ventricular function in mice. Hum Gene Ther 2014; 24:777-85. [PMID: 23931341 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2013.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Urocortin-2 (UCn2) peptide infusion increases cardiac function in patients with heart failure, but chronic peptide infusion is cumbersome, costly, and provides only short-term benefits. Gene transfer would circumvent these shortcomings. Here we ask whether a single intravenous injection of adeno-associated virus type 8 encoding murine urocortin-2 (AAV8.UCn2) could provide long-term elevation in plasma UCn2 levels and increased left ventricular (LV) function. Normal mice received AAV8.UCn2 (5×10¹¹ genome copies, intravenous). Plasma UCn2 increased 15-fold 6 weeks and >11-fold 7 months after delivery. AAV8 DNA and UCn2 mRNA expression was persistent in LV and liver up to 7 months after a single intravenous injection of AAV8.UCn2. Physiological studies conducted both in situ and ex vivo showed increases in LV +dP/dt and in LV -dP/dt, findings that endured unchanged for 7 months. SERCA2a mRNA and protein expression was increased in LV samples and Ca²⁺ transient studies showed an increased rate of Ca²⁺ decline in cardiac myocytes from mice that had received UCn2 gene transfer. We conclude that a single intravenous injection of AAV8.UCn2 increases plasma UCn2 and increases LV systolic and diastolic function for at least 7 months. The simplicity of intravenous injection of a long-term expression vector encoding a gene with paracrine activity to increase cardiac function is a potentially attractive strategy in clinical settings. Future studies will determine the usefulness of this approach in the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Hua Gao
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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22
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Lou Q, Liu B, Belevych AE, Radwanski P, Kalyanasundaram A, Dillmann WH, Armoundas AA, Knollmann BC, Fedorov VV, Györke S. Subcellular Origin and Tissue-Wide Synchronization of Abnormal Ca Release in the Genesis of Ca-Dependent Atrial Arrhythmia. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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23
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Torres-Gonzalez M, Gawlowski T, Kocalis H, Scott BT, Dillmann WH. Mitochondrial 8-oxoguanine glycosylase decreases mitochondrial fragmentation and improves mitochondrial function in H9C2 cells under oxidative stress conditions. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 306:C221-9. [PMID: 24304833 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00140.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA base modification 8-hydroxy 2'-deoxyguanine (8-OHdG) is one of the most common DNA lesions induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is considered an index of DNA damage. High levels of mitochondrial 8-OHdG have been correlated with increased mutation, deletion, and loss of mitochondrial (mt) DNA, as well as apoptosis. 8-Oxoguanosine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) recognizes and removes 8-OHdG to prevent further DNA damage. We evaluated the effects of OGG1 on mtDNA damage, mitochondrial function, and apoptotic events induced by oxidative stress using H9C2 cardiac cells treated with menadione and transduced with either Adv-Ogg1 or Adv-Control (empty vector). The levels of mtDNA 8-OHdG and the presence of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites were decreased by 30% and 35%, respectively, in Adv-Ogg1 transduced cells (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.005, respectively). In addition, the expression of base excision repair (BER) pathway members APE1 and DNA polymerase γ was upregulated by Adv-Ogg1 transduction. Cells overexpressing Ogg1 had increased membrane potential (P < 0.05) and decreased mitochondrial fragmentation (P < 0.005). The mtDNA content was found to be higher in cells with increased OGG1 (P < 0.005). The protein levels of fission and apoptotic factors such as DRP1, FIS1, cytoplasmic cytochrome c, activated caspase-3, and activated caspase-9 were lower in Adv-Ogg1 transduced cells. These observations suggest that Ogg1 overexpression may be an important mechanism to protect cardiac cells against oxidative stress damage.
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24
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Okada H, Lai NC, Kawaraguchi Y, Liao P, Copps J, Sugano Y, Okada-Maeda S, Banerjee I, Schilling JM, Gingras AR, Asfaw EK, Suarez J, Kang SM, Perkins GA, Au CG, Israeli-Rosenberg S, Manso AM, Liu Z, Milner DJ, Kaufman SJ, Patel HH, Roth DM, Hammond HK, Taylor SS, Dillmann WH, Goldhaber JI, Ross RS. Integrins protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:4294-308. [PMID: 24091324 DOI: 10.1172/jci64216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic damage is recognized to cause cardiomyocyte (CM) death and myocardial dysfunction, but the role of cell-matrix interactions and integrins in this process has not been extensively studied. Expression of α7β1D integrin, the dominant integrin in normal adult CMs, increases during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), while deficiency of β1 integrins increases ischemic damage. We hypothesized that the forced overexpression of integrins on the CM would offer protection from I/R injury. Tg mice with CM-specific overexpression of integrin α7β1D exposed to I/R had a substantial reduction in infarct size compared with that of α5β1D-overexpressing mice and WT littermate controls. Using isolated CMs, we found that α7β1D preserved mitochondrial membrane potential during hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury via inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ overload but did not alter H/R effects on oxidative stress. Therefore, we assessed Ca2+ handling proteins in the CM and found that β1D integrin colocalized with ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) in CM T-tubules, complexed with RyR2 in human and rat heart, and specifically bound to RyR2 amino acids 165-175. Integrins stabilized the RyR2 interdomain interaction, and this stabilization required integrin receptor binding to its ECM ligand. These data suggest that α7β1D integrin modifies Ca2+ regulatory pathways and offers a means to protect the myocardium from ischemic injury.
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25
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Gao MH, Lai NC, Tang T, Guo T, Tang R, Chun BJ, Wang H, Dalton NN, Suarez J, Dillmann WH, Hammond HK. Preserved cardiac function despite marked impairment of cAMP generation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72151. [PMID: 24147149 PMCID: PMC3797917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives So many clinical trials of positive inotropes have failed, that it is now axiomatic that agents that increase cAMP are deleterious to the failing heart. An alternative strategy is to alter myocardial Ca2+ handling or myofilament response to Ca2+ using agents that do not affect cAMP. Although left ventricular (LV) function is tightly linked to adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity, the beneficial effects of AC may be independent of cAMP and instead stem from effects on Ca2+ handling. Here we ask whether an AC mutant molecule that reduces LV cAMP production would have favorable effects on LV function through its effects on Ca2+ handling alone. Methods and Results We generated transgenic mice with cardiac-directed expression of an AC6 mutant (AC6mut). Cardiac myocytes showed impaired cAMP production in response to isoproterenol (74% reduction; p<0.001), but LV size and function were normal. Isolated hearts showed preserved LV function in response to isoproterenol stimulation. AC6mut expression was associated with increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake and the EC50 for SERCA2a activation was reduced. Cardiac myocytes isolated from AC6mut mice showed increased amplitude of Ca2+ transients in response to isoproterenol (p = 0.0001). AC6mut expression also was associated with increased expression of LV S100A1 (p = 0.03) and reduced expression of phospholamban protein (p = 0.01). Conclusion LV AC mutant expression is associated with normal cardiac function despite impaired cAMP generation. The mechanism appears to be through effects on Ca2+ handling — effects that occur despite diminished cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Hua Gao
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
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26
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Sen S, Kundu BK, Wu HCJ, Hashmi SS, Guthrie P, Locke LW, Roy RJ, Matherne GP, Berr SS, Terwelp M, Scott B, Carranza S, Frazier OH, Glover DK, Dillmann WH, Gambello MJ, Entman ML, Taegtmeyer H. Glucose regulation of load-induced mTOR signaling and ER stress in mammalian heart. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e004796. [PMID: 23686371 PMCID: PMC3698799 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.004796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in energy substrate metabolism are first responders to hemodynamic stress in the heart. We have previously shown that hexose-6-phosphate levels regulate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation in response to insulin. We now tested the hypothesis that inotropic stimulation and increased afterload also regulate mTOR activation via glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) accumulation. METHODS AND RESULTS We subjected the working rat heart ex vivo to a high workload in the presence of different energy-providing substrates including glucose, glucose analogues, and noncarbohydrate substrates. We observed an association between G6P accumulation, mTOR activation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and impaired contractile function, all of which were prevented by pretreating animals with rapamycin (mTOR inhibition) or metformin (AMPK activation). The histone deacetylase inhibitor 4-phenylbutyrate, which relieves ER stress, also improved contractile function. In contrast, adding the glucose analogue 2-deoxy-d-glucose, which is phosphorylated but not further metabolized, to the perfusate resulted in mTOR activation and contractile dysfunction. Next we tested our hypothesis in vivo by transverse aortic constriction in mice. Using a micro-PET system, we observed enhanced glucose tracer analog uptake and contractile dysfunction preceding dilatation of the left ventricle. In contrast, in hearts overexpressing SERCA2a, ER stress was reduced and contractile function was preserved with hypertrophy. Finally, we examined failing human hearts and found that mechanical unloading decreased G6P levels and ER stress markers. CONCLUSIONS We propose that glucose metabolic changes precede and regulate functional (and possibly also structural) remodeling of the heart. We implicate a critical role for G6P in load-induced mTOR activation and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiraj Sen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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27
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Suarez J, McDonough PM, Scott BT, Suarez-Ramirez A, Wang H, Fricovsky ES, Dillmann WH. Sorcin modulates mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling and reduces apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2012; 304:C248-56. [PMID: 23151801 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00039.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sorcin localizes in cellular membranes and has been demonstrated to modulate cytosolic Ca(2+) handling in cardiac myocytes. Sorcin also localizes in mitochondria; however, the effect of sorcin on mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling is unknown. Using mitochondrial pericam, we measured mitochondrial Ca(2+) concentration and fluxes in intact neonatal cardiac myocytes overexpressing sorcin. Our results showed that sorcin increases basal and caffeine-stimulated mitochondrial Ca(2+) concentration. This effect was associated with faster Ca(2+) uptake and release. The effect of sorcin was specific for mitochondria, since similar results were obtained with digitonin-permeabilized cells, where cytosolic Ca(2+) flux was disrupted. Furthermore, mitochondria of cardiac myocytes in which sorcin was overexpressed were more Ca(2+)-tolerant. Experiments analyzing apoptotic signaling demonstrated that sorcin prevented 2-deoxyglucose-induced cytochrome c release. Furthermore, sorcin prevented hyperglycemia-induced cytochrome c release and caspase activation. In contrast, antisense sorcin induced caspase-3 activation. Thus, sorcin antiapoptotic properties may be due to modulation of mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling in cardiac myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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28
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Fricovsky ES, Suarez J, Ihm SH, Scott BT, Suarez-Ramirez JA, Banerjee I, Torres-Gonzalez M, Wang H, Ellrott I, Maya-Ramos L, Villarreal F, Dillmann WH. Excess protein O-GlcNAcylation and the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 303:R689-99. [PMID: 22874425 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00548.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We examined the role that enzymatic protein O-GlcNAcylation plays in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in a mouse model of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Mice injected with low-dose streptozotocin and fed a high-fat diet developed mild hyperglycemia and obesity consistent with DM2. Studies were performed from 1 to 6 mo after initiating the DM2 protocol. After 1 mo, DM2 mice showed increased body weight, impaired fasting blood glucose, and hyperinsulinemia. Echocardiographic evaluation revealed left ventricular diastolic dysfunction by 2 mo and O-GlcNAcylation of several cardiac proteins and of nuclear transcription factor Sp1. By 4 mo, systolic dysfunction was observed and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase expression decreased by 50%. Fibrosis was not observed at any timepoint in DM2 mice. Levels of the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) were increased as early as 2 mo. Fatty acids, which are elevated in DM2 mice, can possibly be linked to excessive protein O-GlcNAcylation levels, as cultured cardiac myocytes in normal glucose treated with oleic acid showed increased O-GlcNAcylation and GFAT levels. These data indicate that the early onset of diastolic dysfunction followed by the loss of systolic function, in the absence of cardiac hypertrophy or fibrosis, is associated with increased cardiac protein O-GlcNAcylation and increased O-GlcNAcylation levels of key calcium-handling proteins. A link between excessive protein O-GlcNAcylation and cardiac dysfunction is further supported by results showing that reducing O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAcase overexpression improved cardiac function in the diabetic mouse. In addition, fatty acids play a role in stimulating excess O-GlcNAcylation. The nature and time course of changes observed in cardiac function suggest that protein O-GlcNAcylation plays a mechanistic role in the triggering of diabetic cardiomyopathy in DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo S Fricovsky
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0618, USA
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29
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Lunova M, Zizer E, Kucukoglu O, Schwarz C, Dillmann WH, Wagner M, Strnad P. Hsp72 overexpression accelerates the recovery from caerulein-induced pancreatitis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39972. [PMID: 22792201 PMCID: PMC3390337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Heat shock protein (Hsp) 72 is a molecular chaperone which is upregulated in response to a variety of stress situations and has a general cytoprotective function. Increased Hsp72 levels were implicated in protection from acute pancreatitis; a hypothesis which was not tested in a transgenic mouse model yet. Methods To analyze the role of Hsp72 during acute pancreatitis, well-characterized transgenic animals overexpressing rat Hsp72 (Hsp72 mice) under the control of the ß-actin promoter were subjected to caerulein- and L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis. The severity of experimental pancreatitis was determined via serum lipase levels, morphometric evaluation and quantification of pancreatic edema/inflammation. Results Hsp72 mice displayed ∼100-times Hsp72 overexpression, but no changes in the remaining chaperones. Robust Hsp72 signal was observed in pancreatic acini, but not in islets or ductal cells. In both models, elevated Hsp72 did not protect from development of acute pancreatitis and the pancreatitis-associated lung injury, but accelerated recovery from caerulein-induced tissue injury (lower lipase levels, edema, inflammation and necrosis 36 h after caerulein administration). The observed protective function of Hsp72 in caerulein-induced pancreatitis is likely due to an attenuated NF-κB signalling. Conclusions Hsp72 overexpression accelerates the recovery from acute pancreatitis and may represent a potential treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Lunova
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail: (ML); (PS)
| | - Eugen Zizer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ozlem Kucukoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Carolin Schwarz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Martin Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail: (ML); (PS)
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30
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Zhang GX, Obata K, Takeshita D, Mitsuyama S, Nakashima T, Kikuta A, Hirabayashi M, Tomita K, Vetter R, Dillmann WH, Takaki M. Evaluation of left ventricular mechanical work and energetics of normal hearts in SERCA2a transgenic rats. J Physiol Sci 2012; 62:221-31. [PMID: 22383047 PMCID: PMC10717940 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-012-0200-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a) is responsible for most of the Ca(2+) removal during diastole and a larger Ca(2+) handling energy consumer in excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. To understand the cardiac performance under long-term SERCA2a overexpression conditions, we established SERCA2a transgenic (TG) Wistar rats to analyze cardiac mechanical work and energetics in normal hearts during pacing at 300 beats/min. SERCA2a protein expression was increased in TGI and TGII rats (F2 and F3 of the same father and different mothers). Mean left ventricular (LV) end-systolic pressure (ESP) and systolic pressure-volume area (PVA; a total mechanical energy per beat) at midrange LV volume (mLVV) were significantly larger in TGI rats and were unchanged in TGII rats, compared to those in non-TG [wildtype (WT)] littermates. Mean myocardial oxygen consumption per minute for E-C coupling was significantly increased, and the mean slope of myocardial oxygen consumption per beat (VO(2))-PVA (systolic PVA) linear relation was smaller, but the overall O(2) cost of LV contractility for Ca(2+) is unchanged in all TG rats. Mean Ca(2+) concentration exerting maximal ESP(mLVV) in TGII rats was significantly higher than that in WT rats. The Ca(2+) overloading protocol did not elicit mitochondrial swelling in TGII rats. Tolerance to higher Ca(2+) concentrations may support the possibility for enhanced SERCA2a activity in TGII rats. In conclusion, long-term SERCA2a overexpression enhanced or maintained LV mechanics, improved contractile efficiency under higher energy expenditure for Ca(2+) handling, and improved Ca(2+) tolerance, but it did not change the overall O(2) cost of LV contractility for Ca(2+) in normal hearts of TG rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xing Zhang
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521 Japan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
| | - Koji Obata
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521 Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeshita
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521 Japan
| | - Shinichi Mitsuyama
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521 Japan
| | - Tamiji Nakashima
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555 Japan
| | - Akio Kikuta
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555 Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Koichi Tomita
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Roland Vetter
- Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Hufelandweg 9, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Miyako Takaki
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521 Japan
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Finley JC, Kidd MW, Scott BT, Roth DM, Dillmann WH, Patel HH. Decreased caveolin‐3 and increased GlcNAcation in cardiac myocyte caveolae during diabetes mellitus. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1127.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David M Roth
- AnesthesiologyUCSDSan DiegoCA
- AnesthesiologyVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
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Fricovsky ES, Suarez J, Ihm SH, Scott BT, Suarez-Ramirez JA, Villarreal FJ, Dillmann WH. Excess Protein O‐GlcNAcylation and the Progression of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.759.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | - Sang-Hyun Ihm
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | - Brian T. Scott
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
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Wang H, Ouyang K, Kim YK, Scott BT, Banerjee I, Mu Y, Chen J, Dillmann WH, Suarez J. Cardiac myocyte‐specific deletion of Heat shock protein 10 results in mitochondrial dysfunction and mortality. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.888.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | - Yun-Kyung Kim
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | | | | | - Yongxin Mu
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | - Ju Chen
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | | | - Jorge Suarez
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
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Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) treatment exerts beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system: it lowers cholesterol and LDL levels and enhances cardiac contractile function. However, little is known about the effect of TH on vascular function or the functional role of TH receptors (TRs) in the regulation of vascular tone. We have investigated the contribution of TRs to vascular contractility in the heart. Among different TR subtype-specific knockout (KO) mice, vascular contraction was significantly enhanced in coronary arteries isolated from TRα KO compared with wild-type mice, while chronic TH treatment significantly attenuated coronary vascular contraction. We found that TRα is the predominant TR in mouse coronary smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Coronary SMCs isolated from TRα KO mice exhibited a significant decrease in K(+) channel activity, whereas TH treatment increased K(+) channel activity in a dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that TRα in SMCs has prominent effects on regulation of vascular tone and TH treatment helps decrease coronary vascular tone by increasing K(+) channel activity through TRα in SMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Makino
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Gao L, Díaz-Martín J, Dillmann WH, López-Barneo J. Heat shock protein 70 kDa over-expression and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced nigrostriatal degeneration in mice. Neuroscience 2011; 193:323-9. [PMID: 21782904 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage in the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Heat shock proteins 70 kDa (HSP70s) are a sub-family of molecular chaperones involved in not only protein folding and degradation but also antioxidant defense and anti-apoptotic pathways. Here, a transgenic mice over-expressing an inducible form of Hsp70 was used to determine whether HSP70 affects 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced nigrostriatal degeneration, an experimental model of PD. The Hsp70 transgenic animals exhibited a high level of expression of HSP70 protein in ventral mesencephalon. Dopaminergic cell death in the SNpc was similar between wild-type and Hsp70 transgenic mice with either acute (40 mg/kg, single dose) or chronic (20 mg/kg, three times/week during 1 month) MPTP treatment. In addition, striatal dopamine loss was not different between wild-type and transgenic animals. Three months after the acute MPTP treatment, dopamine loss was partially recovered into a similar level between wild-type and transgenic groups. In conclusion, over-expression of Hsp70 does not suppress dopaminergic neuronal damage at either the somata or the axon terminals of dopaminergic neurons. Hsp70 over-expression does not help axon terminal regeneration either. These results indicate that HSP70 alone is not sufficient to reduce MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gao
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
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Makino A, Suarez J, Gawlowski T, Han W, Wang H, Scott BT, Dillmann WH. Regulation of mitochondrial morphology and function by O-GlcNAcylation in neonatal cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2011; 300:R1296-302. [PMID: 21346246 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00437.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial organelles in cell life serving as a source of energy production and as regulators of Ca(2+) homeostasis, apoptosis, and development. Mitochondria frequently change their shape by fusion and fission, and recent research on these morphological dynamics of mitochondria has highlighted their role in normal cell physiology and disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of high glucose on mitochondrial dynamics in neonatal cardiac myocytes (NCMs). High-glucose treatment of NCMs significantly decreased the level of optical atrophy 1 (OPA1) (mitochondrial fusion-related protein) protein expression. NCMs exhibit two different kinds of mitochondrial structure: round shape around the nuclear area and elongated tubular structures in the pseudopod area. High-glucose-treated NCMs exhibited augmented mitochondrial fragmentation in the pseudopod area. This effect was significantly decreased by OPA1 overexpression. High-glucose exposure also led to increased O-GlcNAcylation of OPA1 in NCMs. GlcNAcase (GCA) overexpression in high-glucose-treated NCMs decreased OPA1 protein O-GlcNAcylation and significantly increased mitochondrial elongation. In addition to the morphological change caused by high glucose, we observed that high glucose decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and complex IV activity and that OPA1 overexpression increased both levels to the control level. These data suggest that decreased OPA1 protein level and increased O-GlcNAcylation of OPA1 protein by high glucose lead to mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing mitochondrial fragmentation, decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, and attenuating the activity of mitochondrial complex IV, and that overexpression of OPA1 and GCA in cardiac myocytes may help improve the cardiac dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Makino
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
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Yang LZ, Kockskämper J, Khan S, Suarez J, Walther S, Doleschal B, Unterer G, Khafaga M, Mächler H, Heinzel FR, Dillmann WH, Pieske B, Spiess J. cAMP- and Ca²(+) /calmodulin-dependent protein kinases mediate inotropic, lusitropic and arrhythmogenic effects of urocortin 2 in mouse ventricular myocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:544-56. [PMID: 20942811 PMCID: PMC3031072 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Urocortin 2 is beneficial in heart failure, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are not completely understood. Here we have characterized the functional effects of urocortin 2 on mouse cardiomyocytes and elucidated the underlying signalling pathways and mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mouse ventricular myocytes were field-stimulated at 0.5 Hz at room temperature. Fractional shortening and [Ca²(+)](i) transients were measured by an edge detection and epifluorescence system respectively. Western blots were carried out on myocyte extracts with antibodies against total phospholamban (PLN) and PLN phosphorylated at serine-16. KEY RESULTS Urocortin 2 elicited time- and concentration-dependent positive inotropic and lusitropic effects (EC₅₀ : 19 nM) that were abolished by antisauvagine-30 (10 nM, n= 6), a specific antagonist of corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) CRF₂ receptors. Urocortin 2 (100 nM) increased the amplitude and decreased the time constant of decay of the underlying [Ca²(+)](i) transients. Urocortin 2 also increased PLN phosphorylation at serine-16. H89 (2 µM) or KT5720 (1 µM), two inhibitors of protein kinase A (PKA), as well as KN93 (1 µM), an inhibitor of Ca²(+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), suppressed the urocortin 2 effects on shortening and [Ca²(+)](i) transients. In addition, urocortin 2 also elicited arrhythmogenic events consisting of extra cell shortenings and extra [Ca²(+)](i) increases in diastole. Urocortin 2-induced arrhythmogenic events were significantly reduced in cells pretreated with KT5720 or KN93. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Urocortin 2 enhanced contractility in mouse ventricular myocytes via activation of CRF₂ receptors in a cAMP/PKA- and Ca²(+)/CaMKII-dependent manner. This enhancement was accompanied by Ca²(+)-dependent arrhythmogenic effects mediated by PKA and CaMKII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhen Yang
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology Group, Max Planck Institute for Experimental MedicineGoettingen, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaSan Diego, CA, USA
- Specialized Neuroscience Research Program 2 of the John A. Burns School of Medicine of the University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, HI, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Jens Kockskämper
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University of MarburgMarburg, Germany
| | - Shelina Khan
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaSan Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stefanie Walther
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Doleschal
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gregor Unterer
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mounir Khafaga
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinrich Mächler
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank R Heinzel
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaSan Diego, CA, USA
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of GrazAuenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Spiess
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology Group, Max Planck Institute for Experimental MedicineGoettingen, Germany
- Specialized Neuroscience Research Program 2 of the John A. Burns School of Medicine of the University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, HI, USA
- Sanford Burnham Medical Research InstituteLa Jolla, CA, USA
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Suarez J, Scott BT, Suarez-Ramirez JA, Chavira CV, Dillmann WH. Thyroid hormone inhibits ERK phosphorylation in pressure overload-induced hypertrophied mouse hearts through a receptor-mediated mechanism. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 299:C1524-9. [PMID: 20926779 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00168.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy results in a pathological type of hypertrophy with activation of signaling cascades like the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which promotes negative cardiac remodeling and decreased contractile function. In contrast, thyroid hormone mediates a physiological type of hypertrophy resulting in enhanced contractile function. In addition, thyroid hormone action is diminished in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. We hypothesized that thyroid hormone status modulates ERK activity and that administration of thyroid hormone could alter the activity of this kinase in cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload. ERK is activated by phosphorylation; accordingly, we investigated phosphorylation of ERK in hearts of control, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid mice. In addition, the effect of T3 treatment on ERK phosphorylation in hypertrophied hearts from transverse aortic-constricted (TAC) mice was investigated. Results showed that phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) was decreased by 25% in hyperthyroid mice. In contrast, hypothyroid mice presented increased p-ERK by 80%. TAC mice presented a greater than fourfold increase of p-ERK compared with control mice. Interestingly, T3 administration dramatically canceled TAC-induced ERK phosphorylation (36% lower compared with control). Raf-1 is upstream of the ERK pathway. TAC mice presented a 45% increase in phospho-Raf-1 (Ser338). T3 treatment inhibited this effect of pressure overload and further decreased p-Raf-1 (Ser338) by 37%, compared with control. Overexpression of thyroid hormone receptor-α in cultured cardiomyocytes potentiated the inhibitory effect of T3 on ERK phosphorylation. We concluded that thyroid hormone has an inhibitory effect on the Raf-1/ERK pathway. Furthermore, treatment of TAC mice with T3 inhibited Raf-1/ERK pathway by a thyroid hormone receptor-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0618, USA
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Suarez J, Oyeleye MO, Han W, Dillmann WH. Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure Is Associated With an Increased Enzymatic O-GlcNAcylation of Calcium Handling Proteins. J Card Fail 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2010.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kayani AC, Close GL, Dillmann WH, Mestril R, Jackson MJ, McArdle A. Overexpression of HSP10 in skeletal muscle of transgenic mice prevents the age-related fall in maximum tetanic force generation and muscle Cross-Sectional Area. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2010; 299:R268-76. [PMID: 20410481 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00334.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness are major contributors to frailty and impact significantly on quality of life of older people. Muscle aging is characterized by a loss of maximum tetanic force (P(o)) generation, primarily due to muscle atrophy, to which mitochondrial dysfunction is hypothesized to contribute. We hypothesized that lifelong overexpression of the mitochondrial heat shock protein (HSP) HSP10 in muscle of mice would protect against development of these deficits. P(o) generation by extensor digitorum longus muscles of adult and old wild-type and HSP10-overexpressing mice was determined in situ. Muscles were subjected to damaging lengthening contractions, and force generation was remeasured at 3 h or 28 days to examine susceptibility to, and recovery from, damage, respectively. Muscles of old wild-type mice had a 23% deficit in P(o) generation and a 10% deficit in muscle cross-sectional area compared with muscles of adult wild-type mice. Overexpression of HSP10 prevented this age-related fall in P(o) generation and reduction in cross-sectional area observed in muscles of old wild-type mice. Additionally, overexpression of HSP10 protected against contraction-induced damage independent of age but did not improve recovery if damage occurred. Preservation of muscle force generation and CSA by HSP10 overexpression was associated with protection against the age-related accumulation of protein carbonyls. Data demonstrate that development of age-related muscle weakness may not be inevitable and show, for the first time, that lifelong overexpression of an HSP prevents the age-related loss of P(o) generation. These findings support the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the development of age-related muscle deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Kayani
- Pathophysiology Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Nolta NF, Estrada I, Han W, Scott BT, Dillmann WH, Yuan JX, Makino A. Role of STIM1 in Coronary Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetic Mice. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.789.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Estrada
- MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Wenlong Han
- MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | | | | | - Ayako Makino
- MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA
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Suarez J, Chavira C, Fricovsky E, Wang H, Suarez‐Ramirez JA, Dillmann WH. Thyroid hormone receptor‐beta promotes angiogenesis stimulating ERK phosphorylation. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.1031.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Suarez
- MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | | | - Hong Wang
- MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
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De Zoeten EF, Wang L, Sai H, Dillmann WH, Hancock WW. Inhibition of HDAC9 increases T regulatory cell function and prevents colitis in mice. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:583-94. [PMID: 19879272 PMCID: PMC3369426 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2009] [Revised: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) help prevent autoimmunity, and increases in their numbers of functions could decrease the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Like other cells, Foxp3+ Tregs express histone/protein deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate chromatin remodeling and gene expression. We investigated whether disruption of a specific class IIa HDAC, HDAC9, activity in Tregs affects the pathogenesis of colitis in mice. METHODS We tested the effects of various HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) in models of colitis using wild-type mice. We also transferred Tregs and non-Treg cells from HDAC9-/- or wild-type mice to immunodeficient mice. HDAC9 contributions to the functions of Tregs were determined during development and progression of colitis. RESULTS Pan-HDACi, but not class I-specific HDACi, increased the functions of Foxp3+ Tregs, prevented colitis, and reduced established colitis in mice, indicating the role of class II HDACs in controlling Treg function. The abilities of pan-HDACi to prevent/reduce colitis were associated with increased numbers of Foxp3+ Tregs and their suppressive functions. Colitis was associated with increased local expression of HDAC9; HDAC9-/- mice resistant to development of colitis. HDAC9-/- Tregs expressed increased levels of the heat shock protein (HSP) 70, compared with controls. Immunoprecipitation experiments indicated an interaction between HSP70 and Foxp3. Inhibition of HSP70 reduced the suppressive functions of HDAC9-/- Tregs; Tregs that overexpressed HSP70 had increased suppressive functions. CONCLUSIONS Strategies to decrease HDAC9 expression or function in Tregs or to increase expression of HSP70 might be used to treat colitis and other autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin F. De Zoeten
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Liqing Wang
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hong Sai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Wayne W. Hancock
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Taleb M, Brandon CS, Lee FS, Harris KC, Dillmann WH, Cunningham LL. Hsp70 inhibits aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss and cochlear hair cell death. Cell Stress Chaperones 2009; 14:427-37. [PMID: 19145477 PMCID: PMC2728278 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-008-0097-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Revised: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory hair cells of the inner ear are sensitive to death from aging, noise trauma, and ototoxic drugs. Ototoxic drugs include the aminoglycoside antibiotics and the antineoplastic agent cisplatin. Exposure to aminoglycosides results in hair cell death that is mediated by specific apoptotic proteins, including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and caspases. Induction of heat shock proteins (Hsps) can inhibit JNK- and caspase-dependent apoptosis in a variety of systems. We have previously shown that heat shock results in robust upregulation of Hsps in the hair cells of the adult mouse utricle in vitro. In addition, heat shock results in significant inhibition of both cisplatin- and aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. In this system, Hsp70 is the most strongly induced Hsp, which is upregulated over 250-fold at the level of mRNA 2 h after heat shock. Hsp70 overexpression inhibits aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death in vitro. In this study, we utilized Hsp70-overexpressing mice to determine whether Hsp70 is protective in vivo. Both Hsp70-overexpressing mice and their wild-type littermates were treated with systemic kanamycin (700 mg/kg body weight) twice daily for 14 days. While kanamycin treatment resulted in significant hearing loss and hair cell death in wild-type mice, Hsp70-overexpressing mice were significantly protected against aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss and hair cell death. These data indicate that Hsp70 is protective against aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Taleb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC 908, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Carlene S. Brandon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC 908, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Fu-Shing Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Kelly C. Harris
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Lisa L. Cunningham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC 908, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
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Kidd MW, Makino A, Villarreal FJ, Insel PA, Dillmann WH, Roth DM, Patel HH. Increased GlcNacation and decreased caveolin‐3 in cardiac myocyte caveolae during diabetes mellitus. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.990.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David M Roth
- AnesthesiologyVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
- AnesthesiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
| | - Hemal H Patel
- AnesthesiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego, La JollaCA
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Makino A, Suarez J, Wang H, Belke DD, Scott BT, Dillmann WH. Thyroid hormone receptor-beta is associated with coronary angiogenesis during pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Endocrinology 2009; 150:2008-15. [PMID: 19074585 PMCID: PMC2659277 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient angiogenesis is one of the causes leading to tissue ischemia and dysfunction. In heart failure, there is increasing evidence showing decreased capillary density in the left ventricle (LV) myocardium, although the detailed mechanisms contributing to it are not clear. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) in the coronary microvascular rarefaction under pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The LV from hypertrophied/failing hearts induced by ascending aortic constriction (AAC) exhibited severe microvascular rarefaction, and this phenomenon was restored by chronic T(3) administration. Coronary endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from AAC hearts expressed lower TRbeta mRNA than control ECs, and chronic T(3) administration restored TRbeta mRNA expression level in AAC hearts to the control level. Among different TR subtype-specific knockout mice, TRbeta knockout and TRalpha/TRbeta double-knockout mice both exhibited significantly less capillary density in LV compared with wild-type mice. In vitro, coronary ECs isolated from TRbeta knockout mice lacked the ability to form capillary networks. In addition, we identified that kinase insert domain protein receptor/fetal liver kinase-1 (vascular endothelial growth factor-2 receptor) was one of the angiogenic mediators controlled by T(3) administration in the AAC heart. These data suggest that TRbeta in the coronary ECs regulates capillary density during cardiac development, and down-regulation of TRbeta results in coronary microvascular rarefaction during pathological hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0618, USA.
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Fricovsky ES, Ihm S, Suarez J, Scott B, Belke D, Oyeleye M, Villarreal F, Dillmann WH. CHARACTERIZATION OF MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MOUSE MODEL. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.lb106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang Ihm
- MedicineUniv. California San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | - Brian Scott
- MedicineUniv. California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
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Suarez J, Hu Y, Fricovsky E, Wang H, Scott BT, Han W, Dillmann WH. Increased enzymatic glycosylation of mitochondrial proteins impairs mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.856.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Suarez
- MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Yong Hu
- MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | - Hong Wang
- MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Brian T Scott
- MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Wenlong Han
- MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
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Hilal-Dandan R, He H, Martin JL, Brunton LL, Dillmann WH. Endothelin downregulates SERCA2 gene and protein expression in adult rat ventricular myocytes: regulation by pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi protein and cAMP. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 296:H728-34. [PMID: 19151257 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00584.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Downregulation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2) is associated with diastolic dysfunction in the failing heart. Elevated plasma endothelin-1 (ET) levels are correlated with congestive heart failure suggesting that ET may play a pathophysiological role. We have investigated the ability of ET to regulate SERCA2 gene expression in isolated adult rat ventricular myocytes. We find that ET enhances net protein synthesis by approximately 40% but significantly downregulates SERCA2 mRNA expression, time dependently, by approximately 30-50%, and the expression of SERCA2 protein by approximately 50%. In myoyctes, ET binds to ET(A) receptor that couples to G(q) and G(i) proteins. Inhibition of G(q)-PLC-induced phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis with U73122 (1 muM) or inhibition of G(i) protein with pertussis toxin (PTX) abolishes the ability of ET to downregulate SERCA2 mRNA gene expression. Further investigation suggests that ET coupling to PTX-sensitive G(i) with consequent lowering of cAMP is required for downregulation of SERCA2 mRNA levels. Increasing intracellular cAMP quantity using cAMP-specific PDE inhibitor Ro20-1724 or cAMP analog dibutyryl-cAMP reverses ET-induced downregulation of SERCA2 mRNA levels. The data indicate that, in adult myocytes, ET downregulates SERCA2 mRNA and protein levels, and the effect requires cross-talk between G(q) and PTX-sensitive G(i) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Hilal-Dandan
- Univ. of California, San Diego, Dept. of Pharmacology, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.
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Hu Y, Suarez J, Fricovsky E, Wang H, Scott BT, Trauger SA, Han W, Hu Y, Oyeleye MO, Dillmann WH. Increased enzymatic O-GlcNAcylation of mitochondrial proteins impairs mitochondrial function in cardiac myocytes exposed to high glucose. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:547-555. [PMID: 19004814 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m808518200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased nuclear protein O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) mediated by high glucose treatment or the hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus contributes to cardiac myocyte dysfunction. However, whether mitochondrial proteins in cardiac myocytes are also submitted to O-GlcNAcylation or excessive O-GlcNAcylation alters mitochondrial function is unknown. In this study, we determined if mitochondrial proteins are O-GlcNAcylated and explored if increased O-GlcNAcylation is linked to high glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. By immunoprecipitation, we found that several mitochondrial proteins, which are members of complexes of the respiratory chain, like subunit NDUFA9 of complex I, subunits core 1 and core 2 of complex III, and the mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunit I of complex IV (COX I) are O-GlcNAcylated. By mass spectrometry, we identified that serine 156 on NDUFA9 is O-GlcNAcylated. High glucose treatment (30 mm glucose) increases mitochondrial protein O-GlcNAcylation, including those of COX I and NDUFA9 which are reduced by expression of O-GlcNAcase (GCA). Increased mitochondrial O-GlcNAcylation is associated with impaired activity of complex I, III, and IV in addition to lower mitochondrial calcium and cellular ATP content. When the excessive O-GlcNAc modification is reduced by GCA expression, mitochondrial function improves; the activity of complex I, III, and IV increases to normal and mitochondrial calcium and cellular ATP content are returned to control levels. From these results we conclude that specific mitochondrial proteins of cardiac myocytes are O-GlcNAcylated and that exposure to high glucose increases mitochondrial protein O-GlcNAcylation, which in turn contributes to impaired mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Eduardo Fricovsky
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Sunia A Trauger
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Wenlong Han
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Mary O Oyeleye
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037.
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