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Struckman HL, Moise N, Vanslembrouck B, Rothacker N, Chen Z, van Hengel J, Weinberg SH, Veeraraghavan R. Indirect Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy (iCLEM): A Novel Pipeline for Multiscale Quantification of Structure From Molecules to Organs. Microsc Microanal 2024:ozae021. [PMID: 38525890 DOI: 10.1093/mam/ozae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) methods are powerful methods that combine molecular organization (from light microscopy) with ultrastructure (from electron microscopy). However, CLEM methods pose high cost/difficulty barriers to entry and have very low experimental throughput. Therefore, we have developed an indirect correlative light and electron microscopy (iCLEM) pipeline to sidestep the rate-limiting steps of CLEM (i.e., preparing and imaging the same samples on multiple microscopes) and correlate multiscale structural data gleaned from separate samples imaged using different modalities by exploiting biological structures identifiable by both light and electron microscopy as intrinsic fiducials. We demonstrate here an application of iCLEM, where we utilized gap junctions and mechanical junctions between muscle cells in the heart as intrinsic fiducials to correlate ultrastructural measurements from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) with molecular organization from confocal microscopy and single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). We further demonstrate how iCLEM can be integrated with computational modeling to discover structure-function relationships. Thus, we present iCLEM as a novel approach that complements existing CLEM methods and provides a generalizable framework that can be applied to any set of imaging modalities, provided suitable intrinsic fiducials can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 2124 Fontana Labs, 140 W. 19th Ave, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2255 Kenny Rd, Rm 5189, Pelotonia Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nicolae Moise
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2255 Kenny Rd, Rm 5189, Pelotonia Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bieke Vanslembrouck
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Medical Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Building B, Entrance 36, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathan Rothacker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 2124 Fontana Labs, 140 W. 19th Ave, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2255 Kenny Rd, Rm 5189, Pelotonia Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhenhui Chen
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Room E400, 1801 N. Senate Blvd., Suite E400, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jolanda van Hengel
- Medical Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Building B, Entrance 36, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 2124 Fontana Labs, 140 W. 19th Ave, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2255 Kenny Rd, Rm 5189, Pelotonia Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 2124 Fontana Labs, 140 W. 19th Ave, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2255 Kenny Rd, Rm 5189, Pelotonia Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Soltisz AM, Craigmile PF, Veeraraghavan R. Spatial Pattern Analysis using Closest Events (SPACE)-A Nearest Neighbor Point Pattern Analysis Framework for Assessing Spatial Relationships from Digital Images. Microsc Microanal 2024:ozae022. [PMID: 38498601 DOI: 10.1093/mam/ozae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The quantitative description of biological structures is a valuable yet difficult task in the life sciences. This is commonly accomplished by imaging samples using fluorescence microscopy and analyzing resulting images using Pearson's correlation or Manders' co-occurrence intensity-based colocalization paradigms. Though conceptually and computationally simple, these approaches are critically flawed due to their reliance on signal overlap, sensitivity to cursory signal qualities, and inability to differentiate true and incidental colocalization. Point pattern analysis provides a framework for quantitative characterization of spatial relationships between spatial patterns using the distances between observations rather than their overlap, thus overcoming these issues. Here we introduce an image analysis tool called Spatial Pattern Analysis using Closest Events (SPACE) that leverages nearest neighbor-based point pattern analysis to characterize the spatial relationship of fluorescence microscopy signals from image data. The utility of SPACE is demonstrated by assessing the spatial association between mRNA and cell nuclei from confocal images of cardiac myocytes. Additionally, we use synthetic and empirical images to characterize the sensitivity of SPACE to image segmentation parameters and cursory image qualities such as signal abundance and image resolution. Ultimately, SPACE delivers performance superior to traditional colocalization methods and offers a valuable addition to the microscopist's toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 2124 Fontana Labs,140 W. 19th Ave, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter F Craigmile
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunter College, City University of New York, Hunter East 908,695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 2124 Fontana Labs,140 W. 19th Ave, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2255 Kenny Rd,Rm 5189, Pelotonia Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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King DR, Demirtas M, Tarasov M, Struckman HL, Meng X, Nassal D, Moise N, Miller A, Min D, Soltisz AM, Anne MNK, Alves Dias PA, Wagnon JL, Weinberg SH, Hund TJ, Veeraraghavan R, Radwański PB. Cardiac-Specific Deletion of Scn8a Mitigates Dravet Syndrome-Associated Sudden Death in Adults. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024:S2405-500X(24)00007-0. [PMID: 38430092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a fatal complication experienced by otherwise healthy epilepsy patients. Dravet syndrome (DS) is an inherited epileptic disorder resulting from loss of function of the voltage-gated sodium channel, NaV 1.1, and is associated with particularly high SUDEP risk. Evidence is mounting that NaVs abundant in the brain also occur in the heart, suggesting that the very molecular mechanisms underlying epilepsy could also precipitate cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. Despite marked reduction of NaV 1.1 functional expression in DS, pathogenic late sodium current (INa,L) is paradoxically increased in DS hearts. However, the mechanisms by which DS directly impacts the heart to promote sudden death remain unclear. OBJECTIVES In this study the authors sought to provide evidence implicating remodeling of Na+ - and Ca2+ -handling machinery, including NaV 1.6 and Na+/Ca2+exchanger (NCX) within transverse (T)-tubules in DS-associated arrhythmias. METHODS The authors undertook scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM)-guided patch clamp, super-resolution microscopy, confocal Ca2+ imaging, and in vivo electrocardiography studies in Scn1a haploinsufficient murine model of DS. RESULTS DS promotes INa,L in T-tubular nanodomains, but not in other subcellular regions. Consistent with increased NaV activity in these regions, super-resolution microscopy revealed increased NaV 1.6 density near Ca2+release channels, the ryanodine receptors (RyR2) and NCX in DS relative to WT hearts. The resulting INa,L in these regions promoted aberrant Ca2+ release, leading to ventricular arrhythmias in vivo. Cardiac-specific deletion of NaV 1.6 protects adult DS mice from increased T-tubular late NaV activity and the resulting arrhythmias, as well as sudden death. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that NaV 1.6 undergoes remodeling within T-tubules of adult DS hearts serving as a substrate for Ca2+ -mediated cardiac arrhythmias and may be a druggable target for the prevention of SUDEP in adult DS subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ryan King
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mustafa Demirtas
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mikhail Tarasov
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Heather L Struckman
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaolei Meng
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Drew Nassal
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicolae Moise
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Alec Miller
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dennison Min
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew M Soltisz
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Midhun N K Anne
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Patrícia A Alves Dias
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jacy L Wagnon
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Struckman HL, Moise N, King DR, Soltisz A, Buxton A, Dunlap I, Chen Z, Radwański PB, Weinberg SH, Veeraraghavan R. Unraveling Impacts of Chamber-Specific Differences in Intercalated Disc Ultrastructure and Molecular Organization on Cardiac Conduction. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 9:2425-2443. [PMID: 37498248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propagation of action potentials through the heart coordinates the heartbeat. Thus, intercalated discs, specialized cell-cell contact sites that provide electrical and mechanical coupling between cardiomyocytes, are an important target for study. Impaired propagation leads to arrhythmias in many pathologies, where intercalated disc remodeling is a common finding, hence the importance and urgency of understanding propagation dependence on intercalated disc structure. Conventional modeling approaches cannot predict changes in propagation elicited by perturbations that alter intercalated disc ultrastructure or molecular organization, because of lack of quantitative structural data at subcellular through nano scales. OBJECTIVES This study sought to quantify intercalated disc structure at these spatial scales in the healthy adult mouse heart and relate them to chamber-specific properties of propagation as a precursor to understanding the effects of pathological intercalated disc remodeling. METHODS Using super-resolution light microscopy, electron microscopy, and computational image analysis, we provide here the first ever systematic, multiscale quantification of intercalated disc ultrastructure and molecular organization. RESULTS By incorporating these data into a rule-based model of cardiac tissue with realistic intercalated disc structure, and comparing model predictions of electrical propagation with experimental measures of conduction velocity, we reveal that atrial intercalated discs can support faster conduction than their ventricular counterparts, which is normally masked by interchamber differences in myocyte geometry. Further, we identify key ultrastructural and molecular organization features underpinning the ability of atrial intercalated discs to support faster conduction. CONCLUSIONS These data provide the first stepping stone to elucidating chamber-specific effects of pathological intercalated disc remodeling, as occurs in many arrhythmic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicolae Moise
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - D Ryan King
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew Buxton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Izabella Dunlap
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhenhui Chen
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Veeraraghavan R, Moise N, Weinberg SH. Crossing the Great Sex-Specific Divide in Cardiac Electrophysiology. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 9:2649-2651. [PMID: 37897464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicolae Moise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Mezache L, Soltisz AM, Johnstone SR, Isakson BE, Veeraraghavan R. Vascular Endothelial Barrier Protection Prevents Atrial Fibrillation by Preserving Cardiac Nanostructure. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 9:2444-2458. [PMID: 38032579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, is widely associated with inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and elevated levels of the vascular leak-inducing cytokine, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Mechanisms underlying AF are poorly understood and current treatments only manage this progressive disease, rather than arresting the underlying pathology. The authors previously identified edema-induced disruption of sodium channel (NaV1.5)-rich intercalated disk nanodomains as a novel mechanism for AF initiation secondary to acute inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that protecting the vascular barrier can prevent vascular leak-induced atrial arrhythmias. OBJECTIVES In this study the authors tested the hypothesis that protecting the vascular barrier can prevent vascular leak-induced atrial arrhythmias. They identified 2 molecular targets for vascular barrier protection, connexin43 (Cx43) hemichannels and pannexin-1 (Panx1) channels, which have been implicated in cytokine-induced vascular leak. METHODS The authors undertook in vivo electrocardiography, electron microscopy, and super-resolution light microscopy studies in mice acutely treated with a clinically relevant level of VEGF. RESULTS AF incidence was increased in untreated mice exposed to VEGF relative to vehicle control subjects. VEGF also increased the average number of AF episodes. VEGF shifted NaV1.5 signal to longer distances from Cx43 gap junctions, measured by a distance transformation-based spatial analysis of 3-dimensional confocal images of intercalated disks. Similar effects were observed with NaV1.5 localized near mechanical junctions composed of neural cadherin. Blocking connexin43 hemichannels (αCT11 peptide) or Panx1 channels (PxIL2P peptide) significantly reduced the duration of AF episodes compared with VEGF alone with no treatment. Concurrently, both peptide therapies preserved NaV1.5 distance from gap junctions to control levels and reduced mechanical junction-adjacent intermembrane distance in these hearts. Notably, similar antiarrhythmic efficacy was also achieved with clinically-relevant small-molecule inhibitors of Cx43 and Panx1. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight vascular barrier protection as an antiarrhythmic strategy following inflammation-induced vascular leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew M Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Scott R Johnstone
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Centre for Vascular and Heart Research, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, Virginia, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA; Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Adams WP, Raisch TB, Zhao Y, Davalos R, Barrett S, King DR, Bain CB, Colucci-Chang K, Blair GA, Hanlon A, Lozano A, Veeraraghavan R, Wan X, Deschenes I, Smyth JW, Hoeker GS, Gourdie RG, Poelzing S. Extracellular Perinexal Separation Is a Principal Determinant of Cardiac Conduction. Circ Res 2023; 133:658-673. [PMID: 37681314 PMCID: PMC10561697 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac conduction is understood to occur through gap junctions. Recent evidence supports ephaptic coupling as another mechanism of electrical communication in the heart. Conduction via gap junctions predicts a direct relationship between conduction velocity (CV) and bulk extracellular resistance. By contrast, ephaptic theory is premised on the existence of a biphasic relationship between CV and the volume of specialized extracellular clefts within intercalated discs such as the perinexus. Our objective was to determine the relationship between ventricular CV and structural changes to micro- and nanoscale extracellular spaces. METHODS Conduction and Cx43 (connexin43) protein expression were quantified from optically mapped guinea pig whole-heart preparations perfused with the osmotic agents albumin, mannitol, dextran 70 kDa, or dextran 2 MDa. Peak sodium current was quantified in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Extracellular resistance was quantified by impedance spectroscopy. Intercellular communication was assessed in a heterologous expression system with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Perinexal width was quantified from transmission electron micrographs. RESULTS CV primarily in the transverse direction of propagation was significantly reduced by mannitol and increased by albumin and both dextrans. The combination of albumin and dextran 70 kDa decreased CV relative to albumin alone. Extracellular resistance was reduced by mannitol, unchanged by albumin, and increased by both dextrans. Cx43 expression and conductance and peak sodium currents were not significantly altered by the osmotic agents. In response to osmotic agents, perinexal width, in order of narrowest to widest, was albumin with dextran 70 kDa; albumin or dextran 2 MDa; dextran 70 kDa or no osmotic agent, and mannitol. When compared in the same order, CV was biphasically related to perinexal width. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac conduction does not correlate with extracellular resistance but is biphasically related to perinexal separation, providing evidence that the relationship between CV and extracellular volume is determined by ephaptic mechanisms under conditions of normal gap junctional coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P. Adams
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Program at Virginia Tech
| | - Tristan B. Raisch
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Program at Virginia Tech
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech
| | - Rafael Davalos
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech
| | | | - D. Ryan King
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Program at Virginia Tech
| | - Chandra B. Bain
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
| | - Katrina Colucci-Chang
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech
| | - Grace A. Blair
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Program at Virginia Tech
| | - Alexandra Hanlon
- Virginia Tech Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Alicia Lozano
- Virginia Tech Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Isabelle Deschenes
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - James W. Smyth
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Virginia Tech
- Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Gregory S. Hoeker
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
| | - Robert G. Gourdie
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech
- Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Steven Poelzing
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Program at Virginia Tech
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech
- Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia
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8
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Soltisz AM, Veeraraghavan R. Improving Spatial Analysis of Fluorescence Microscopy Images using Point Process Analysis. Microsc Microanal 2023; 29:2096-2098. [PMID: 37612995 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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9
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Soltisz AM, Veeraraghavan R. A Point Process Analysis Framework for Quantitatively Describing Spatial Patterns from Fluorescence Microscopy Data. Microsc Microanal 2023; 29:1961-1963. [PMID: 37612915 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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10
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Mezache L, Soltisz A, Radwanski PB, Nuovo GJ, Veeraraghavan R. Indirect CLEM Identifies Nanoscale Remodeling Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in Diverse Etiologies, Enabling a Unified Therapeutic Approach. Microsc Microanal 2023; 29:1081-1082. [PMID: 37613211 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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11
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Grandi E, Navedo MF, Saucerman JJ, Bers DM, Chiamvimonvat N, Dixon RE, Dobrev D, Gomez AM, Harraz OF, Hegyi B, Jones DK, Krogh-Madsen T, Murfee WL, Nystoriak MA, Posnack NG, Ripplinger CM, Veeraraghavan R, Weinberg S. Diversity of cells and signals in the cardiovascular system. J Physiol 2023; 601:2547-2592. [PMID: 36744541 PMCID: PMC10313794 DOI: 10.1113/jp284011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This white paper is the outcome of the seventh UC Davis Cardiovascular Research Symposium on Systems Approach to Understanding Cardiovascular Disease and Arrhythmia. This biannual meeting aims to bring together leading experts in subfields of cardiovascular biomedicine to focus on topics of importance to the field. The theme of the 2022 Symposium was 'Cell Diversity in the Cardiovascular System, cell-autonomous and cell-cell signalling'. Experts in the field contributed their experimental and mathematical modelling perspectives and discussed emerging questions, controversies, and challenges in examining cell and signal diversity, co-ordination and interrelationships involved in cardiovascular function. This paper originates from the topics of formal presentations and informal discussions from the Symposium, which aimed to develop a holistic view of how the multiple cell types in the cardiovascular system integrate to influence cardiovascular function, disease progression and therapeutic strategies. The first section describes the major cell types (e.g. cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neurons, immune cells, etc.) and the signals involved in cardiovascular function. The second section emphasizes the complexity at the subcellular, cellular and system levels in the context of cardiovascular development, ageing and disease. Finally, the third section surveys the technological innovations that allow the interrogation of this diversity and advancing our understanding of the integrated cardiovascular function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Manuel F. Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rose E. Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana M. Gomez
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Osama F. Harraz
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, and Vermont Center for Cardiovascular and Brain Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David K. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Trine Krogh-Madsen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Walter Lee Murfee
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew A. Nystoriak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Nikki G. Posnack
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric and Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Heart Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University – Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seth Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University – Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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12
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Che J, DePalma TJ, Sivakumar H, Mezache LS, Tallman MM, Venere M, Swindle-Reilly K, Veeraraghavan R, Skardal A. αCT1 peptide sensitizes glioma cells to temozolomide in a glioblastoma organoid platform. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:1108-1119. [PMID: 36544242 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common form of brain cancer. Even with aggressive treatment, tumor recurrence is almost universal and patient prognosis is poor because many GBM cell subpopulations, especially the mesenchymal and glioma stem cell populations, are resistant to temozolomide (TMZ), the most commonly used chemotherapeutic in GBM. For this reason, there is an urgent need for the development of new therapies that can more effectively treat GBM. Several recent studies have indicated that high expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) in GBM is associated with poor patient outcomes. It has been hypothesized that inhibition of the Cx43 hemichannels could prevent TMZ efflux and sensitize otherwise resistance cells to the treatment. In this study, we use a three-dimensional organoid model of GBM to demonstrate that combinatorial treatment with TMZ and αCT1, a Cx43 mimetic peptide, significantly improves treatment efficacy in certain populations of GBM. Confocal imaging was used to visualize changes in Cx43 expression in response to combinatorial treatment. These results indicate that Cx43 inhibition should be pursued further as an improved treatment for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Che
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas J DePalma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University and Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Louisa S Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Miranda M Tallman
- Dorothy M. Davis Hearth and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Monica Venere
- The Ohio State University and Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Katelyn Swindle-Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University and Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for Cancer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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13
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Bonilla IM, Baine S, Pokrass A, Elio Mariángelo JI, Kalyanasundaram A, Bogdanov V, Mezache L, Sakuta G, Beard CM, Belevych A, Tikunova S, Terentyeva R, Terentyev D, Davis J, Veeraraghavan R, Carnes CA, Györke S. STIM1 ablation impairs exercise-induced physiologic cardiac hypertrophy and dysregulates autophagy in mouse hearts. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:1287-1299. [PMID: 36995910 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00363.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a key mediator of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), is a known determinant of cardiomyocyte pathological growth in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We examined the role of STIM1 and SOCE in response to exercise-dependent physiological hypertrophy. Wild-type (WT) mice subjected to exercise training (WT-Ex) showed significant increase in exercise capacity and heart weight compared to sedentary (WT-Sed) mice. Moreover, myocytes from WT-Ex hearts displayed an increase in length, but not width, compared to WT-Sed myocytes. Conversely, exercised cardiac specific STIM1 knock-out mice (cSTIM1KO-Ex), although displaying significant increase in heart weight and cardiac dilation, evidenced no changes in myocyte size and displayed a decreased exercise capacity, impaired cardiac function, and premature death compared to sedentary cardiac specific STIM1 knock-out mice (cSTIM1KO-Sed). Confocal Ca2+ imaging demonstrated enhanced SOCE in WT-Ex myocytes compared to WT-Sed myocytes with no measurable SOCE detected in cSTIM1KO myocytes. Exercise training induced a significant increase in cardiac phospho-Akt Ser473 in WT mice but not cSTIM1KO mice. No differences were observed in phosphorylation of mTOR and GSK in exercised vs sedentary cSTIM1KO mice hearts. cSTIM1KO-Sed mice showed increased basal MAPK phosphorylation compared to WT-Sed that was not altered by exercise training. Finally, histological analysis revealed exercise resulted in increased autophagy in cSTIM1KO but not WT myocytes. Taken together, our results suggest that adaptive cardiac hypertrophy in response to exercise training involves STIM1-mediated SOCE. Our results demonstrate that STIM1 is involved in and essential for the myocyte longitudinal growth and mTOR activation in response to endurance training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M Bonilla
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Ohio, United States
| | - Stephen Baine
- Department of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, United States
| | - Anastasia Pokrass
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, United States
| | | | | | - Vladimir Bogdanov
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, United States
| | - Louisa Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, United States
| | - Galina Sakuta
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, United States
| | - Casey M Beard
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, United States
| | - Andriy Belevych
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Svetlana Tikunova
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University (Columbus, Ohio, United States), Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Radmila Terentyeva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Jonathan Davis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | | | - Cynthia A Carnes
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, COLUMBUS, OH, United States
| | - Sandor Györke
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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14
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Struckman HL, Moise N, King DR, Soltisz A, Buxton A, Dunlap I, Chen Z, Radwański PB, Weinberg SH, Veeraraghavan R. Unraveling Chamber-specific Differences in Intercalated Disc Ultrastructure and Molecular Organization and Their Impact on Cardiac Conduction. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.13.528369. [PMID: 36824727 PMCID: PMC9949041 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.13.528369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
During each heartbeat, the propagation of action potentials through the heart coordinates the contraction of billions of individual cardiomyocytes and is thus, a critical life process. Unsurprisingly, intercalated discs, which are cell-cell contact sites specialized to provide electrical and mechanical coupling between adjacent cardiomyocytes, have been the focus of much investigation. Slowed or disrupted propagation leads to potentially life-threatening arrhythmias in a wide range of pathologies, where intercalated disc remodeling is a common finding. Hence, the importance and urgency of understanding intercalated disc structure and its influence on action potential propagation. Surprisingly, however, conventional modeling approaches cannot predict changes in propagation elicited by perturbations that alter intercalated disc ultrastructure or molecular organization, owing to lack of quantitative structural data at subcellular through nano scales. In order to address this critical gap in knowledge, we sought to quantify intercalated disc structure at these finer spatial scales in the healthy adult mouse heart and relate them to function in a chamber-specific manner as a precursor to understanding the impacts of pathological intercalated disc remodeling. Using super-resolution light microscopy, electron microscopy, and computational image analysis, we provide here the first ever systematic, multiscale quantification of intercalated disc ultrastructure and molecular organization. By incorporating these data into a rule-based model of cardiac tissue with realistic intercalated disc structure, and comparing model predictions of electrical propagation with experimental measures of conduction velocity, we reveal that atrial intercalated discs can support faster conduction than their ventricular counterparts, which is normally masked by inter-chamber differences in myocyte geometry. Further, we identify key ultrastructural and molecular organization features underpinning the ability of atrial intercalated discs to support faster conduction. These data provide the first stepping stone to elucidating chamber-specific impacts of pathological intercalated disc remodeling, as occurs in many arrhythmic diseases.
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15
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Tarasov M, Struckman HL, Olgar Y, Miller A, Demirtas M, Bogdanov V, Terentyeva R, Soltisz AM, Meng X, Min D, Sakuta G, Dunlap I, Duran AD, Foster MP, Davis JP, Terentyev D, Györke S, Veeraraghavan R, Radwański PB. NaV1.6 dysregulation within myocardial T-tubules by D96V calmodulin enhances proarrhythmic sodium and calcium mishandling. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:152071. [PMID: 36821382 PMCID: PMC10065082 DOI: 10.1172/jci152071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) plays critical roles in cardiomyocytes, regulating Na+ (NaV) and L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC). LTCC dysregulation by mutant CaMs has been implicated in action potential duration (APD) prolongation and arrhythmogenic long QT (LQT) syndrome. Intriguingly, D96V-CaM prolongs APD more than other LQT-associated CaMs despite inducing comparable levels of LTCC dysfunction, suggesting dysregulation of other depolarizing channels. Here, we provide evidence implicating NaV dysregulation within transverse (T)-tubules in D96V-CaM-associated arrhythmias. D96V-CaM induces pro-arrhythmic late Na+ current (INa) by impairing inactivation of NaV1.6, but not the predominant cardiac NaV isoform, NaV1.5. We investigated arrhythmia mechanisms using mice with cardiac-specific expression of D96V-CaM (cD96V). Super-resolution microscopy revealed close proximity of NaV1.6 and RyR2 within T-tubules. NaV1.6 density within these regions increased in cD96V relative to WT. Consistent with NaV1.6 dysregulation by D96V-CaM in these regions, we observed increased late NaV activity in T-tubules. The resulting late INa promoted aberrant Ca2+ release and prolonged APD in myocytes, leading to LQT and ventricular tachycardia (VT) in vivo. Cardiac-specific NaV1.6 knockout protected cD96V mice from increased T-tubular late NaV activity, and its arrhythmogenic consequences. In summary, we demonstrate that D96V-CaM promotes arrhythmias by dysregulating LTCC and NaV1.6 within T-tubules and thereby, facilitating aberrant Ca2+ release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Tarasov
- Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Heather L Struckman
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Yusuf Olgar
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Alec Miller
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Mustafa Demirtas
- Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Bogdanov
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Radmila Terentyeva
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Andrew M Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Xiaolei Meng
- Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Dennison Min
- Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Galina Sakuta
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Izabella Dunlap
- Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Antonia D Duran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Mark P Foster
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P Davis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Sándor Györke
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
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16
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Bogdanov V, Soltisz A, Beard C, Hernandez Orengo B, Sakuta G, Veeraraghavan R, Davis J, Gyorke S. Heart failure (HF) alters distribution and spatial association profiles of calmodulin (CaM) and CaM target protein mRNAs. Biophys J 2023; 122:237a. [PMID: 36783164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Casey Beard
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Galina Sakuta
- Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Sandor Gyorke
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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17
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Veress R, Martin BY, Hamilton S, Bogdanov V, Terentyeva R, Perger F, Soltisz AM, Tikunova S, Veeraraghavan R, Gyorke S, Davis JP, Terentyev DA. Reduction of SK current in rat CPVT model with heterozygous calmodulin 3 mutation D132E is caused by impaired intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis. Biophys J 2023; 122:521a. [PMID: 36784698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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18
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Struckman H, Moise N, King R, Soltisz AM, Buxton A, Dunlap I, Chen Z, Radwanski P, Weinberg SH, Veeraraghavan R. A systematic investigation of the cardiac intercalated disk in health and disease. Biophys J 2023; 122:35a. [PMID: 36783824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicolae Moise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ryan King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew M Soltisz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew Buxton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Zhenhui Chen
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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19
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Mezache L, Nuovo G, Suster D, Tili E, Awad H, Radwanski P, Veeraraghavan R. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-induced inflammation underlies proarrhythmia in COVID-19. Biophys J 2023; 122:434a. [PMID: 36784226 PMCID: PMC9912770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerard Nuovo
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA,Gnome Diagnostics, Powell, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Hamdy Awad
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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20
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Struckman HL, Veeraraghavan R. Indirect correlative light and electron microscopy an integrated rule-based imaging approach with robust quantitative capabilities. Biophys J 2023; 122:152a. [PMID: 36782703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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21
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Soltisz AM, Veeraraghavan R. Nearest neighbor spatial statistics as a framework for analyzing spatial patterns from image data. Biophys J 2023; 122:275a. [PMID: 36783360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.1567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Soltisz
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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22
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Struckman H, Moise N, Tarasov M, Soltisz A, Buxton A, Dunlap I, Chen Z, Radwański P, Weinberg S, Veeraraghavan R. Reconstructing intercalated disk nanostructure and molecular organization to unravel conduction differences between Atria and Ventricles – A combined microscopy and modeling study. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.08.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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Struckman HL, Tarasov M, Olgar Y, Miller A, Davis JP, Györke S, Veeraraghavan R, Radwański PB. Mutant D96V calmodulin induces unexpected remodeling of cardiac nanostructure and physiology. J Gen Physiol 2022. [PMID: 34767002 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.2021ecc30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) prevents proarrhythmic late sodium current (INa) by facilitating normal inactivation of sodium channels (NaV). Since dysfunction of NaV1.6 has been implicated in late INa-mediated arrhythmias, we investigated its role in arrhythmias promoted by CaM mutant D96V. Super-resolution STED microscopy revealed enlarged NaV1.6 clusters in NaV1.6-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with D96V-CaM relative to those transfected with WT-CaM. Therefore, we examined NaV1.6 clustering in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific expression of D96V-CaM (cD96V) with a C-terminal FLAG tag. Confocal microscopy confirmed expression of NaV1.6 and FLAG-tagged D96V-CaM in a striated pattern along with RYR2 in cD96V hearts, consistent with T-tubular localization. In both WT and cD96V hearts, STORM single molecule localization microscopy revealed that ∼50% of NaV1.6 clusters localized <100 nm from RYR2. However, NaV1.6 density within these regions was 67% greater in cD96V relative to WT. Consistent with this result, SICM-guided "smart" patch clamp recording of NaV activity from T-tubule openings revealed more frequent late-burst openings involving larger NaV clusters in cD96V myocytes relative to WT. Previous work identifies the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) as a key link between aberrant late NaV1.6 activity and proarrhythmic Ca2+ mishandling. Therefore, we explored the spatial organization of NaV1.6 and NCX using STORM. Consistent with their close association, 89% of NaV1.6 clusters localized <100 nm from NCX in cD96V hearts, compared with 77% in WT. Notably, density of both NaV1.6 and NCX was increased at these sites by 48% and 31%, respectively, in cD96V relative to WT. Consistent with these data, cD96V myocytes displayed larger, more frequent Ca2+ sparks relative to WT. These proarrhythmic functional effects were abrogated by cardiac-specific knockout of NaV1.6. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of proarrhythmic cardiac structural remodeling secondary to a defect in calmodulin, offering novel mechanistic insight into calmodulinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Struckman
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Mikhail Tarasov
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Yusuf Olgar
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Alec Miller
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jonathan P Davis
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Sándor Györke
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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24
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Soltisz A, Veeraraghavan R. PO-617-06 BIDIRECTIONAL NEAREST NEIGHBOR COLOCALIZATION IDENTIFIES CARDIOMYOCYTE MICROTRANSLATOMES PRODUCING CALMODULIN AND ITS EFFECTOR TARGETS. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Struckman H, Tarasov M, olgar Y, Gyorke S, Veeraraghavan R, Radwanski P. PO-614-08 SODIUM CHANNEL NAV1.6 AND NA-CA EXCHANGER REMODELING CONTRIBUTES TO ARRHYTHMOGENIC LATE SODIUM CURRENT AND CA2+ SPARKS IN THE PRESENCE OF D96V MUTANT CALMODULIN. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Mezache L, Soltisz A, Johnstone SR, Isakson B, Veeraraghavan R. Abstract 120: Vascular Endothelial Barrier Protection Prevents Atrial Fibrillation By Preserving Cardiac Nanostructure. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.42.suppl_1.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients experience inflammation and vascular dysfunction and have elevated levels of cytokines that promote vascular leak and edema, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We previously identified edema-induced disruption of sodium channel (Na
V
1.5) -rich intercalated disk (ID) nanodomains as a novel arrhythmia mechanism. Therefore, we hypothesized that: (i) VEGF-induced vascular leak acutely slows action potential propagation in the atria and increases arrhythmia risk by disrupting ID nanodomains, and (ii) protection of the vascular barrier can prevent vascular leak-induced atrial arrhythmias. Electron microscopy revealed ID nanodomain swelling, near both gap junctions (GJ) and mechanical junctions (MJ) following VEGF treatment (60 minutes) in mouse hearts. Super-resolution STORM and STED microscopy both revealed Na
V
1.5 enrichment at GJ and MJ relative to other ID sites in control hearts. VEGF reduced Na
V
1.5 enrichment at both sites, consistent with Na
V
1.5 translocation from ID nanodomains. VEGF increased distance from GJs to 90% of Na
V
1.5 signal (3.17μm vs. 0.47 μm in vehicle controls), measured by a distance transformation-based analysis of 3D confocal images of IDs. VEGF slowed atrial conduction (optical mapping) and increased atrial arrhythmia incidence (ECG) relative to vehicle controls in both
ex vivo
(80 vs 0%) and
in vivo
(70 vs 20%) studies. Overall,
in vivo
arrhythmia burden was higher in VEGF-treated mice (7.5±11 vs. 0±6s/hr in vehicle controls). Preserving the vascular barrier by blocking endothelial Panx1 channels (PxIL2P peptide) decreased VEGF-induced
in vivo
arrhythmia burden (0 ± 6.09 s/hr with 1.6 μM PxIL2P). Concurrently, distance from GJs to 90% of Na
V
1.5 was restored to control levels (0.57μm) in these hearts. In summary, these results highlight inflammation-induced vascular leak as a novel AF mechanism, and suggest vascular barrier protection as an anti-arrhythmic strategy.
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27
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Struckman H, Moise N, Dagher C, Chen Z, Weinberg SH, Veeraraghavan R. BS-516-04 ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION DETERMINE CONDUCTION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IN ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR WORKING MYOCARDIUM. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Tarasov M, Struckman HL, Alec Miller DM, olgar Y, Veeraraghavan R, Radwanski P. PO-615-04 SODIUM CHANNEL REMODELING UNDERLIES CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS IN A MURINE MODEL OF SUDDEN DEATH IN EPILEPSY. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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29
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Ortega‐Pineda L, Sunyecz A, Salazar‐Puerta AI, Rincon‐Benavides MA, Alzate‐Correa D, Anaparthi AL, Guilfoyle E, Mezache L, Struckman HL, Duarte‐Sanmiguel S, Deng B, McComb DW, Dodd DJ, Lawrence WR, Moore J, Zhang J, Reátegui E, Veeraraghavan R, Nelson MT, Gallego‐Perez D, Higuita‐Castro N. Designer Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Pro‐Neuronal Cell Responses and Improve Intracranial Retention (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 5/2022). Adv Healthc Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202270028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Ortega-Pineda L, Sunyecz A, Salazar-Puerta AI, Rincon-Benavides MA, Alzate-Correa D, Anaparthi AL, Guilfoyle E, Mezache L, Struckman HL, Duarte-Sanmiguel S, Deng B, McComb DW, Dodd D, Lawrence WR, Moore J, Zhang J, Reátegui E, Veeraraghavan R, Nelson MT, Gallego-Perez D, Higuita-Castro N. Designer Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Pro-Neuronal Cell Responses and Improve Intracranial Retention. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2100805. [PMID: 35014204 PMCID: PMC9466406 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gene/oligonucleotide therapies have emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of different neurological conditions. However, current methodologies for the delivery of neurogenic/neurotrophic cargo to brain and nerve tissue are fraught with caveats, including reliance on viral vectors, potential toxicity, and immune/inflammatory responses. Moreover, delivery to the central nervous system is further compounded by the low permeability of the blood brain barrier. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising delivery vehicles for neurogenic/neurotrophic therapies, overcoming many of the limitations mentioned above. However, the manufacturing processes used for therapeutic EVs remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted a detailed study of the manufacturing process of neurogenic EVs by characterizing the nature of cargo and surface decoration, as well as the transfer dynamics across donor cells, EVs, and recipient cells. Neurogenic EVs loaded with Ascl1, Brn2, and Myt1l (ABM) are found to show enhanced neuron-specific tropism, modulate electrophysiological activity in neuronal cultures, and drive pro-neurogenic conversions/reprogramming. Moreover, murine studies demonstrate that surface decoration with glutamate receptors appears to mediate enhanced EV delivery to the brain. Altogether, the results indicate that ABM-loaded designer EVs can be a promising platform nanotechnology to drive pro-neuronal responses, and that surface functionalization with glutamate receptors can facilitate the deployment of EVs to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilibeth Ortega-Pineda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Alec Sunyecz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Ana I. Salazar-Puerta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | | | - Diego Alzate-Correa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | | | - Ellie Guilfoyle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Louisa Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Heather L. Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Silvia Duarte-Sanmiguel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Binbin Deng
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis (CEMAS), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - David W. McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis (CEMAS), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Daniel Dodd
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - William R. Lawrence
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Jordan Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Eduardo Reátegui
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | | | - M. Tyler Nelson
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, United States
| | - Daniel Gallego-Perez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Natalia Higuita-Castro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.,Corresponding author:
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31
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Struckman HL, Tarasov M, Olgar Y, Miller A, Davis JP, Gyorke S, Veeraraghavan R, Radwanski P. Arrhythmogenic calmodulin mutant D96V induces unexpected remodeling of cardiac nanostructure. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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32
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Moise N, Struckman H, Veeraraghavan R, Weinberg SH. Intercalated disk nanoscale structure and ion channel localization regulate cardiac conduction. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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33
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Mezache L, Soltisz AM, Johnstone SR, Isakson B, Veeraraghavan R. Vascular endothelial barrier protection prevents nanoscale cardiac remodeling: a novel strategy to prevent atrial fibrillation. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.2242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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34
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Bogdanov V, Soltisz AM, Hernandez Orengo B, Sakuta G, Veeraraghavan R, Davis JP, Gyorke S. Spatially and functionally distinct pools of calmodulin mRNA in cardiac myocytes. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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35
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Soltisz AM, Struckman H, Radwanski P, Veeraraghavan R. Pathologically increased RyR2-Nav1.6 colocalization in db/db mouse model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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36
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Nowak MB, Veeraraghavan R, Poelzing S, Weinberg SH. Cellular Size, Gap Junctions, and Sodium Channel Properties Govern Developmental Changes in Cardiac Conduction. Front Physiol 2021; 12:731025. [PMID: 34759834 PMCID: PMC8573326 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.731025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical conduction in cardiac ventricular tissue is regulated via sodium (Na+) channels and gap junctions (GJs). We and others have recently shown that Na+channels preferentially localize at the site of cell-cell junctions, the intercalated disc (ID), in adult cardiac tissue, facilitating coupling via the formation of intercellular Na+nanodomains, also termed ephaptic coupling (EpC). Several properties governing EpC vary with age, including Na+channel and GJ expression and distribution and cell size. Prior work has shown that neonatal cardiomyocytes have immature IDs with Na+channels and GJs diffusively distributed throughout the sarcolemma, while adult cells have mature IDs with preferentially localized Na+channels and GJs. In this study, we perform an in silico investigation of key age-dependent properties to determine developmental regulation of cardiac conduction. Simulations predict that conduction velocity (CV) biphasically depends on cell size, depending on the strength of GJ coupling. Total cell Na+channel conductance is predictive of CV in cardiac tissue with high GJ coupling, but not correlated with CV for low GJ coupling. We find that ephaptic effects are greatest for larger cells with low GJ coupling typically associated with intermediate developmental stages. Finally, simulations illustrate how variability in cellular properties during different developmental stages can result in a range of possible CV values, with a narrow range for both neonatal and adult myocardium but a much wider range for an intermediate developmental stage. Thus, we find that developmental changes predict associated changes in cardiac conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison B Nowak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Steven Poelzing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
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37
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Veeraraghavan R, Moise N, Weinberg SH. Sodium channels and the intercalated disk - it is all about location, location, location. J Physiol 2021; 599:4735-4736. [PMID: 34555182 DOI: 10.1113/jp282350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolae Moise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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38
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Mezache L, Nuovo G, Veeraraghavan R. Abstract P333: The Vascular Barrier: A Common Anti-arrhythmic Target In Atrial Fibrillation And Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/res.129.suppl_1.p333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular leak is a major sequela of inflammation, which is associated with arrhythmic pathologies such as atrial fibrillation (AF) and myocardial infarction (MI). We recently demonstrated that the vascular leak-inducing cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; 90-580 pg/ml - levels found in AF patients) induces acute remodeling (30-60 minutes) of sodium channel (Na
V
1.5) -rich intercalated disk (ID) nanodomains, disrupting their ultrastructure and prompting translocation of Na
V
1.5 from these sites. This in turn disrupted impulse propagation and promoted arrhythmias in murine atria. Here, we tested the hypotheses that i) similar acute pro-arrhythmic remodeling occurs in the ventricles of MI patients, and ii) protecting the vascular barrier may prevent arrhythmias following an acute inflammatory insult. First, we examined myocardial samples from five human MI patients. VEGF was overexpressed in both cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelium in the border zone surrounding <6 month-old infarcts. Notably, co-localization analysis showed significantly reduced Na
V
1.5 near both connexin43 and N-cadherin within the border zone in 1-, 3-, and 9-day-old infarcts, paralleling our observations in mouse atria. Next, we returned to our murine model of AF induced by acute inflammatory insult (100 pg/ml VEGF for 60 minutes) to test the antiarrhythmic efficacy of protecting the vascular endothelial barrier. Overall, median
in vivo
arrhythmia burden was higher in VEGF-treated mice relative to vehicle controls (7.5±11 vs. 0±6 s/hr). We tested two strategies shown to prevent vascular barrier breakdown: Blocking connexin43 hemichannels (αCT11 peptide) decreased
in vivo
arrhythmia burden to 0 ± 6.07 s/hr. Panx1-IL2 (a peptide inhibitor of Panx1 channels) treatment decreased also
in vivo
arrhythmia burden (0 ± 15.57 s/hr with 1.6 μM Panx1-IL2). Similar antiarrhythmic efficacy was also achieved with small molecule inhibitors of Cx43 and Panx1. These results highlight VEGF-induced vascular leak as a novel mechanism for acute arrhythmias both in the early stage AF and following MI. Indeed, this mechanism may contribute to post-MI AF. Importantly, vascular-barrier protection may be a viable strategy to prevent these arrhythmias.
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39
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Strauss RE, Mezache L, Veeraraghavan R, Gourdie RG. The Cx43 Carboxyl-Terminal Mimetic Peptide αCT1 Protects Endothelial Barrier Function in a ZO1 Binding-Competent Manner. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1192. [PMID: 34439858 PMCID: PMC8393261 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cx43 carboxyl-terminus (CT) mimetic peptide, αCT1, originally designed to bind to Zonula Occludens 1 (ZO1) and thereby inhibit Cx43/ZO1 interaction, was used as a tool to probe the role of Cx43/ZO1 association in regulation of epithelial/endothelial barrier function. Using both in vitro and ex vivo methods of barrier function measurement, including Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS), a TRITC-dextran Transwell permeability assay, and a FITC-dextran cardiovascular leakage protocol involving Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts, αCT1 was found to protect the endothelium from thrombin-induced breakdown in cell-cell contacts. Barrier protection was accompanied by significant remodeling of the F-actin cytoskeleton, characterized by a redistribution of F-actin away from the cytoplasmic and nuclear regions of the cell, towards the endothelial cell periphery, in association with alterations in cellular chiral orientation distribution. In line with observations of increased cortical F-actin, αCT1 upregulated cell-cell border localization of endothelial VE-cadherin, the tight junction protein Zonula Occludens 1 (ZO1), and the Gap Junction Protein (GJ) Connexin43 (Cx43). A ZO1 binding-incompetent variant of αCT1, αCT1-I, indicated that these effects on barrier function and barrier-associated proteins, were likely associated with Cx43 CT sequences retaining ability to interact with ZO1. These results implicate the Cx43 CT and its interaction with ZO1, in the regulation of endothelial barrier function, while revealing the therapeutic potential of αCT1 in the treatment of vascular edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy E. Strauss
- Virginia Tech, Translational Biology Medicine and Health (TBMH) Program, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Louisa Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Dr., Rm 415A, IBMR, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (L.M.); (R.V.)
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Dr., Rm 415A, IBMR, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (L.M.); (R.V.)
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert G. Gourdie
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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40
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Moise N, Struckman HL, Dagher C, Veeraraghavan R, Weinberg SH. Intercalated disk nanoscale structure regulates cardiac conduction. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:212474. [PMID: 34264306 PMCID: PMC8287520 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202112897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The intercalated disk (ID) is a specialized subcellular region that provides electrical and mechanical connections between myocytes in the heart. The ID has a clearly defined passive role in cardiac tissue, transmitting mechanical forces and electrical currents between cells. Recent studies have shown that Na+ channels, the primary current responsible for cardiac excitation, are preferentially localized at the ID, particularly within nanodomains such as the gap junction-adjacent perinexus and mechanical junction-associated adhesion-excitability nodes, and that perturbations of ID structure alter cardiac conduction. This suggests that the ID may play an important, active role in regulating conduction. However, the structures of the ID and intercellular cleft are not well characterized and, to date, no models have incorporated the influence of ID structure on conduction in cardiac tissue. In this study, we developed an approach to generate realistic finite element model (FEM) meshes replicating nanoscale of the ID structure, based on experimental measurements from transmission electron microscopy images. We then integrated measurements of the intercellular cleft electrical conductivity, derived from the FEM meshes, into a novel cardiac tissue model formulation. FEM-based calculations predict that the distribution of cleft conductances is sensitive to regional changes in ID structure, specifically the intermembrane separation and gap junction distribution. Tissue-scale simulations predict that ID structural heterogeneity leads to significant spatial variation in electrical polarization within the intercellular cleft. Importantly, we found that this heterogeneous cleft polarization regulates conduction by desynchronizing the activation of postjunctional Na+ currents. Additionally, these heterogeneities lead to a weaker dependence of conduction velocity on gap junctional coupling, compared with prior modeling formulations that neglect or simplify ID structure. Further, we found that disruption of local ID nanodomains can either slow or enhance conduction, depending on gap junctional coupling strength. Our study therefore suggests that ID nanoscale structure can play a significant role in regulating cardiac conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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41
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Mezache L, Greer-Short A, Radwanski P, Hund TJ, Veeraraghavan R. Targeting the Vascular Endothelial Barrier to Prevent Nanoscale Cardiac Remodeling: A Novel Strategy to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation. Biophys J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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42
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Moise N, Struckman HL, Dagher C, Veeraraghavan R, Weinberg SH. Finite-Element Modeling of Parametrically-Defined Cardiac Intercalated Disk Nanodomain Structure. Biophys J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.2093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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43
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Mezache L, Struckman HL, Greer-Short A, Baine S, Györke S, Radwański PB, Hund TJ, Veeraraghavan R. Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes atrial arrhythmias by inducing acute intercalated disk remodeling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20463. [PMID: 33235263 PMCID: PMC7687901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and is associated with inflammation. AF patients have elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines known to promote vascular leak, such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF). However, the contribution of vascular leak and consequent cardiac edema to the genesis of atrial arrhythmias remains unknown. Previous work suggests that interstitial edema in the heart can acutely promote ventricular arrhythmias by disrupting ventricular myocyte intercalated disk (ID) nanodomains rich in cardiac sodium channels (NaV1.5) and slowing cardiac conduction. Interestingly, similar disruption of ID nanodomains has been identified in atrial samples from AF patients. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that VEGF-induced vascular leak can acutely increase atrial arrhythmia susceptibility by disrupting ID nanodomains and slowing atrial conduction. Treatment of murine hearts with VEGF (30–60 min, at clinically relevant levels) prolonged the electrocardiographic P wave and increased susceptibility to burst pacing-induced atrial arrhythmias. Optical voltage mapping revealed slower atrial conduction following VEGF treatment (10 ± 0.4 cm/s vs. 21 ± 1 cm/s at baseline, p < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy revealed increased intermembrane spacing at ID sites adjacent to gap junctions (GJs; 64 ± 9 nm versus 17 ± 1 nm in controls, p < 0.05), as well as sites next to mechanical junctions (MJs; 63 ± 4 nm versus 27 ± 2 nm in controls, p < 0.05) in VEGF–treated hearts relative to controls. Importantly, super-resolution microscopy and quantitative image analysis revealed reorganization of NaV1.5 away from dense clusters localized near GJs and MJs to a more diffuse distribution throughout the ID. Taken together, these data suggest that VEGF can acutely predispose otherwise normal hearts to atrial arrhythmias by dynamically disrupting NaV1.5-rich ID nanodomains and slowing atrial conduction. These data highlight inflammation-induced vascular leak as a potential factor in the development and progression of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Dr., Rm 415A, IBMR, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Heather L Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Dr., Rm 415A, IBMR, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Amara Greer-Short
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Baine
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sándor Györke
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Dr., Rm 415A, IBMR, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Dr., Rm 415A, IBMR, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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44
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Baine S, Thomas J, Bonilla I, Ivanova M, Belevych A, Li J, Veeraraghavan R, Radwanski PB, Carnes C, Gyorke S. Muscarinic-dependent phosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor by protein kinase G is mediated by PI3K-AKT-nNOS signaling. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11720-11728. [PMID: 32580946 PMCID: PMC7450129 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of proteins involved in calcium handling in myocytes, such as the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), critically regulate cardiac contractility. Recent studies have suggested that phosphorylation of RyR2 by protein kinase G (PKG) might contribute to the cardioprotective effects of cholinergic stimulation. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Here, using murine ventricular myocytes, immunoblotting, proximity ligation as-says, and nitric oxide imaging, we report that phosphorylation of Ser-2808 in RyR2 induced by the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol is mediated by a signaling axis comprising phosphoinositide 3-phosphate kinase, Akt Ser/Thr kinase, nitric oxide synthase 1, nitric oxide, soluble guanylate cyclase, cyclic GMP (cGMP), and PKG. We found that this signaling pathway is compartmentalized in myocytes, as it was distinct from atrial natriuretic peptide receptor-cGMP-PKG-RyR2 Ser-2808 signaling and independent of muscarinic-induced phosphorylation of Ser-239 in vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein. These results provide detailed insights into muscarinic-induced PKG signaling and the mediators that regulate cardiac RyR2 phosphorylation critical for cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Baine
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Justin Thomas
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ingrid Bonilla
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Marina Ivanova
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andriy Belevych
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jiaoni Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Cynthia Carnes
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sandor Gyorke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Munger MA, Olğar Y, Koleske ML, Struckman HL, Mandrioli J, Lou Q, Bonila I, Kim K, Ramos Mondragon R, Priori SG, Volpe P, Valdivia HH, Biskupiak J, Carnes CA, Veeraraghavan R, Györke S, Radwański PB. Tetrodotoxin-Sensitive Neuronal-Type Na + Channels: A Novel and Druggable Target for Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015119. [PMID: 32468902 PMCID: PMC7429002 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a comorbidity associated with heart failure and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Despite the Ca2+‐dependent nature of both of these pathologies, AF often responds to Na+ channel blockers. We investigated how targeting interdependent Na+/Ca2+ dysregulation might prevent focal activity and control AF. Methods and Results We studied AF in 2 models of Ca2+‐dependent disorders, a murine model of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and a canine model of chronic tachypacing‐induced heart failure. Imaging studies revealed close association of neuronal‐type Na+ channels (nNav) with ryanodine receptors and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. Catecholamine stimulation induced cellular and in vivo atrial arrhythmias in wild‐type mice only during pharmacological augmentation of nNav activity. In contrast, catecholamine stimulation alone was sufficient to elicit atrial arrhythmias in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia mice and failing canine atria. Importantly, these were abolished by acute nNav inhibition (tetrodotoxin or riluzole) implicating Na+/Ca2+ dysregulation in AF. These findings were then tested in 2 nonrandomized retrospective cohorts: an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis clinic and an academic medical center. Riluzole‐treated patients adjusted for baseline characteristics evidenced significantly lower incidence of arrhythmias including new‐onset AF, supporting the preclinical results. Conclusions These data suggest that nNaVs mediate Na+‐Ca2+ crosstalk within nanodomains containing Ca2+ release machinery and, thereby, contribute to AF triggers. Disruption of this mechanism by nNav inhibition can effectively prevent AF arising from diverse causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Munger
- Departments of Pharmacotherapy and Internal Medicine University of Utah Health Sciences Center Salt Lake City UT
| | - Yusuf Olğar
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences College of Pharmacy The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Megan L Koleske
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences College of Pharmacy The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Heather L Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neuroscience St. Agostino Estense Hospital Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena Italy
| | - Qing Lou
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Ingrid Bonila
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Kibum Kim
- Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah Health Sciences Center Salt Lake City UT
| | - Roberto Ramos Mondragon
- Department of Internal Medicine and of Molecular & Integrative Physiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI
| | - Silvia G Priori
- Molecular Cardiology Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS University of Pavia Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine University of Pavia Italy
| | - Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
| | - Héctor H Valdivia
- Department of Internal Medicine and of Molecular & Integrative Physiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI
| | - Joseph Biskupiak
- Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah Health Sciences Center Salt Lake City UT
| | - Cynthia A Carnes
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences College of Pharmacy The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH
| | - Sándor Györke
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences College of Pharmacy The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
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46
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Struckman HL, Mezache L, Phillips A, Dagher C, Greer-Short A, Radwanski P, Hund TJ, Veeraraghavan R. Differential Impact of Selective De-adhesion within NaV1.5-rich Intercalated Disk Nanodomains on Atrial Arrhythmia Risk. Biophys J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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47
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Struckman HL, Baine S, Thomas J, Mezache L, Mykytyn K, Györke S, Radwański PB, Veeraraghavan R. Super-Resolution Imaging Using a Novel High-Fidelity Antibody Reveals Close Association of the Neuronal Sodium Channel Na V1.6 with Ryanodine Receptors in Cardiac Muscle. Microsc Microanal 2020; 26:157-165. [PMID: 31931893 PMCID: PMC7061261 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619015289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The voltage-gated sodium channel [pore-forming subunit of the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV1.6)] has recently been found in cardiac myocytes. Emerging studies indicate a role for NaV1.6 in ionic homeostasis as well as arrhythmogenesis. Little is known about the spatial organization of these channels in cardiac muscle, mainly due to the lack of high-fidelity antibodies. Therefore, we developed and rigorously validated a novel rabbit polyclonal NaV1.6 antibody and undertook super-resolution microscopy studies of NaV1.6 localization in cardiac muscle. We developed and validated a novel rabbit polyclonal antibody against a C-terminal epitope on the neuronal sodium channel 1.6 (NaV1.6). Raw sera showed high affinity in immuno-fluorescence studies, which was improved with affinity purification. The antibody was rigorously validated for specificity via multiple approaches. Lastly, we used this antibody in proximity ligation assay (PLA) and super-resolution STochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) studies, which revealed enrichment of NaV1.6 in close proximity to ryanodine receptor (RyR2), a key calcium (Ca2+) cycling protein, in cardiac myocytes. In summary, our novel NaV1.6 antibody demonstrates high degrees of specificity and fidelity in multiple preparations. It enabled multimodal microscopic studies and revealed that over half of the NaV1.6 channels in cardiac myocytes are located within 100 nm of ryanodine receptor Ca2+ release channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Struckman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Stephen Baine
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, US
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Justin Thomas
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Louisa Mezache
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Kirk Mykytyn
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Sándor Györke
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, US
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Przemysław B. Radwański
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, US
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, US
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
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48
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Bonilla IM, Belevych AE, Baine S, Stepanov A, Mezache L, Bodnar T, Liu B, Volpe P, Priori S, Weisleder N, Sakuta G, Carnes CA, Radwański PB, Veeraraghavan R, Gyorke S. Enhancement of Cardiac Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) within Novel Intercalated Disk Microdomains in Arrhythmic Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10179. [PMID: 31308393 PMCID: PMC6629850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46427-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a major Ca2+ signaling mechanism in non-myocyte cells, has recently emerged as a component of Ca2+ signaling in cardiac myocytes. Though it has been reported to play a role in cardiac arrhythmias and to be upregulated in cardiac disease, little is known about the fundamental properties of cardiac SOCE, its structural underpinnings or effector targets. An even greater question is how SOCE interacts with canonical excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). We undertook a multiscale structural and functional investigation of SOCE in cardiac myocytes from healthy mice (wild type; WT) and from a genetic murine model of arrhythmic disease (catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia; CPVT). Here we provide the first demonstration of local, transient Ca2+ entry (LoCE) events, which comprise cardiac SOCE. Although infrequent in WT myocytes, LoCEs occurred with greater frequency and amplitude in CPVT myocytes. CPVT myocytes also evidenced characteristic arrhythmogenic spontaneous Ca2+ waves under cholinergic stress, which were effectively prevented by SOCE inhibition. In a surprising finding, we report that both LoCEs and their underlying protein machinery are concentrated at the intercalated disk (ID). Therefore, localization of cardiac SOCE in the ID compartment has important implications for SOCE-mediated signaling, arrhythmogenesis and intercellular mechanical and electrical coupling in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M Bonilla
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andriy E Belevych
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Baine
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrei Stepanov
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Louisa Mezache
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tom Bodnar
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Priori
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Galina Sakuta
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Cynthia A Carnes
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Sandor Gyorke
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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49
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Mezache L, Struckman H, Greer-Short A, Phillips A, Martinson A, Thomas J, Radwanski P, Hund TJ, Veeraraghavan R. Vegf-Induced Vascular Leak Promotes Atrial Fibrillation by Disrupting Intercalated Disc Nanodomains. Biophys J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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50
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Struckman HL, Mezache L, Greer-Short A, Phillips A, Hund TJ, Veeraraghavan R. Selective De-Adhesion Within Intercalated Disk Nanodomains Prompts Proarrhythmic Conduction Slowing in the Heart. Biophys J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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