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Brie B, Sarmento-Cabral A, Pascual F, Cordoba-Chacon J, Kineman RD, Becu-Villalobos D. Modifications of the GH Axis Reveal Unique Sexually Dimorphic Liver Signatures for Lcn13, Asns, Hamp2, Hao2, and Pgc1a. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae015. [PMID: 38370444 PMCID: PMC10872697 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) modifies liver gene transcription in a sexually dimorphic manner to meet liver metabolic demands related to sex; thus, GH dysregulation leads to sex-biased hepatic disease. We dissected the steps of the GH regulatory cascade modifying GH-dependent genes involved in metabolism, focusing on the male-predominant genes Lcn13, Asns, and Cyp7b1, and the female-predominant genes Hao2, Pgc1a, Hamp2, Cyp2a4, and Cyp2b9. We explored mRNA expression in 2 settings: (i) intact liver GH receptor (GHR) but altered GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels (NeuroDrd2KO, HiGH, aHepIGF1kd, and STAT5bCA mouse lines); and (ii) liver loss of GHR, with or without STAT5b reconstitution (aHepGHRkd, and aHepGHRkd + STAT5bCA). Lcn13 was downregulated in males in most models, while Asns and Cyp7b1 were decreased in males by low GH levels or action, or constant GH levels, but unexpectedly upregulated in both sexes by the loss of liver Igf1 or constitutive Stat5b expression. Hao, Cyp2a4, and Cyp2b9 were generally decreased in female mice with low GH levels or action (NeuroDrd2KO and/or aHepGHRkd mice) and increased in HiGH females, while in contrast, Pgc1a was increased in female NeuroDrd2KO but decreased in STAT5bCA and aHepIGF1kd females. Bioinformatic analysis of RNAseq from aHepGHRkd livers stressed the greater impact of GHR loss on wide gene expression in males and highlighted that GH modifies almost completely different gene signatures in each sex. Concordantly, we show that altering different steps of the GH cascade in the liver modified liver expression of Lcn13, Asns, Cyp7b1, Hao2, Hamp2, Pgc1a, Cyp2a4, and Cyp2b9 in a sex- and gene-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Brie
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andre Sarmento-Cabral
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Florencia Pascual
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jose Cordoba-Chacon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Rhonda Denise Kineman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Research and Development Division, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Damasia Becu-Villalobos
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Becu-Villalobos D. Liver Sex Dimorphism and Zonation Shaped by Growth Hormone. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6604667. [PMID: 35678319 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damasia Becu-Villalobos
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental CONICET, Buenos Aires,Argentina
- Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Penn DJ, Zala SM, Luzynski KC. Regulation of Sexually Dimorphic Expression of Major Urinary Proteins. Front Physiol 2022; 13:822073. [PMID: 35431992 PMCID: PMC9008510 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.822073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Male house mice excrete large amounts of protein in their urinary scent marks, mainly composed of Major Urinary Proteins (MUPs), and these lipocalins function as pheromones and pheromone carriers. Here, we review studies on sexually dimorphic MUP expression in house mice, including the proximate mechanisms controlling MUP gene expression and their adaptive functions. Males excrete 2 to 8 times more urinary protein than females, though there is enormous variation in gene expression across loci in both sexes. MUP expression is dynamically regulated depending upon a variety of factors. Males regulate MUP expression according to social status, whereas females do not, and males regulate expression depending upon health and condition. Male-biased MUP expression is regulated by pituitary secretion of growth hormone (GH), which binds receptors in the liver, activating the JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathway, chromatin accessibility, and MUP gene transcription. Pulsatile male GH secretion is feminized by several factors, including caloric restriction, microbiota depletion, and aging, which helps explain condition-dependent MUP expression. If MUP production has sex-specific fitness optima, then this should generate sexual antagonism over allelic expression (intra-locus sexual conflict) selectively favoring sexually dimorphic expression. MUPs influence the sexual attractiveness of male urinary odor and increased urinary protein excretion is correlated with the reproductive success of males but not females. This finding could explain the selective maintenance of sexually dimorphic MUP expression. Producing MUPs entails energetic costs, but increased excretion may reduce the net energetic costs and predation risks from male scent marking as well as prolong the release of chemical signals. MUPs may also provide physiological benefits, including regulating metabolic rate and toxin removal, which may have sex-specific effects on survival. A phylogenetic analysis on the origins of male-biased MUP gene expression in Mus musculus suggests that this sexual dimorphism evolved by increasing male MUP expression rather than reducing female expression.
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Lopez-Vicchi F, De Winne C, Brie B, Sorianello E, Ladyman SR, Becu-Villalobos D. Metabolic functions of prolactin: Physiological and pathological aspects. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12888. [PMID: 33463813 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin is named after its vital role of promoting milk production during lactation, although it has been implicated in multiple functions within the body, including metabolism and energy homeostasis. Prolactin has been hypothesised to play a key role in driving many of the adaptations of the maternal body to allow the mother to meet the physiological demands of both pregnancy and lactation, including the high energetic demands of the growing foetus followed by milk production to support the offspring after birth. Prolactin receptors are found in many tissues involved in metabolism and food intake, such as the pancreas, liver, hypothalamus, small intestine and adipose tissue. We review the literature examining the effects of prolactin in these various tissues and how they relate to changes in function in physiological states of high prolactin, such as pregnancy and lactation, and in pathological states of hyperprolactinaemia in the adult. In many cases, whether prolactin promotes healthy metabolism or leads to dysregulation of metabolic functions is highly dependent on the situation. Overall, although prolactin may not play a major role in regulating metabolism and body weight outside of pregnancy and lactation, it definitely has the ability to contribute to metabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Lopez-Vicchi
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina De Winne
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Belen Brie
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eleonora Sorianello
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sharon R Ladyman
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Damasia Becu-Villalobos
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Brain Control of Sexually Dimorphic Liver Function and Disease: The Endocrine Connection. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:169-180. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00652-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Peel MT, Ho Y, Liebhaber SA. Transcriptome Analyses of Female Somatotropes and Lactotropes Reveal Novel Regulators of Cell Identity in the Pituitary. Endocrinology 2018; 159:3965-3980. [PMID: 30247555 PMCID: PMC6260062 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation of the hormone-producing cell lineages of the anterior pituitary represents an informative model of mammalian cell fate determination. The generation and maintenance of two of these lineages, the GH-producing somatotropes and prolactin (PRL)-producing lactotropes, are dependent on the pituitary-specific transcription factor POU1F1. Whereas POU1F1 is expressed in both cell types, and plays a direct role in the activation of both the Gh and Prl genes, GH expression is restricted to somatotropes and PRL expression is restricted to lactotropes. These observations imply the existence of additional, cell type-enriched factors that contribute to the somatotrope and lactotrope cell identities. In this study, we use transgenic mouse models to facilitate sorting of somatotrope and lactotrope populations based on the expression of fluorescent markers expressed under Gh and Prl gene transcriptional controls. The transcriptomic analyses reveal a concordance of gene expression profiles in the two populations. The limited number of divergent mRNAs between the two populations includes a set of transcription factors that may have roles in pituitary lineage divergence and/or in regulating expression of cell type-specific genes after differentiation. Four of these factors were validated for lineage enrichment at the level of protein expression, two somatotrope enriched and two lactotrope enriched. Three of these four factors were shown to have corresponding activities in appropriate enhancement or repression of landmark genes in a cell culture model system. These studies identify novel regulators of the somatotropes and lactotropes, and they establish a useful database for further study of these lineages in the anterior pituitary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Peel
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yugong Ho
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen A Liebhaber
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Correspondence: Stephen A. Liebhaber, MD, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Clinical Research Building, 415 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. E-mail:
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Kasuya E, Sutoh M, Yayou KI. The effects of l-DOPA and sulpiride on growth hormone secretion at different injection times in Holstein steers. Anim Sci J 2017; 88:1842-1848. [PMID: 28585780 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of l-DOPA, a precursor of dopamine (DA), and sulpiride, a D2 -type DA receptor blocker, on growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) secretion were investigated in steers. Eight Holstein steers (212.8 ± 7.8 kg body weight) were used. Lighting conditions were 12:12 L:D (lights on: 06.00-18.00 hours). Blood samplings were performed during the daytime (11.00-15.00 hours) and nighttime (23.00-03.00 hours). Intravenous injections of drugs or saline were performed at 12.00 hour for the daytime and 00.00 hour for the nighttime, respectively. Plasma GH and PRL concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. l-DOPA did not alter the GH secretion when it was injected at 12.00 hour (spontaneous GH level at its peak). On the other hand, l-DOPA increased GH secretion at 00.00 hour (GH level at its trough). Injection of sulpiride suppressed GH secretion at 12.00 hour but did not affect GH levels at 00.00 hour. l-DOPA inhibited and sulpiride stimulated PRL release during both periods. These results suggest that dopaminergic neurons have stimulatory action on GH secretion and inhibitory action on PRL secretion in cattle. In addition, injection time should be considered to evaluate the exact effects on GH secretion due to its ultradian rhythm of GH secretion in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Kasuya
- Animal Environment and Health Unit, Division of Animal Environment and Waste Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Madoka Sutoh
- Animal Environment and Health Unit, Division of Animal Environment and Waste Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yayou
- Animal Environment and Health Unit, Division of Animal Environment and Waste Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Sato Y, Kaneko Y, Cho T, Goto K, Otsuka T, Yamamoto S, Goto S, Maruyama H, Narita I. Prolactin Upregulates Female-Predominant P450 Gene Expressions and Downregulates Male-Predominant Gene Expressions in Mouse Liver. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:586-592. [PMID: 28330858 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.074658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone with over 300 separate biologic activities. Its serum level is increased during pregnancy and lactation, and it has been reported that pregnancy and lactation affect drug and steroid metabolism in mice and humans. Several studies reported that pregnancy or lactation influences liver cytochrome P450 (P450) expression and its activity, affecting the biosynthesis of steroids and xenobiotics through growth hormone or sex hormones; however, the role of prolactin as the regulator of liver P450 expression has not been elucidated so far. In the present study, we focused on prolactin as the regulator of expression of liver sex-predominant genes, including P450s. To investigate the role of prolactin in the hepatic gene expressions, pCAGGS expression vector containing mouse prolactin cDNA was transfected by hydrodynamic injection into both male and female mice. Hyperprolactinemia phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 in the liver and augmented female mouse liver mRNA expression of Cyp3a16, Cyp3a41, Cyp3a44, Cyp2b9, and prolactin receptor genes, whose expressions were female-predominant in hepatocytes. Moreover, liver expression of male-predominant genes such as Cyp2d9, Cyp7b1, Mup1, and Alas2 were reduced in male mice with hyperprolactinemia. The serum levels of conventional regulators of hepatic gene expressions, growth hormone, and testosterone were not affected by hyperprolactinemia. We demonstrated that prolactin upregulated female-predominant genes in female mice and downregulated male-predominant genes in male mice. We conjecture that higher concentration of prolactin would alter steroid and xenobiotic metabolisms by modulating hepatic P450 gene expressions during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sato
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Kaneko
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takamasa Cho
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kei Goto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tadashi Otsuka
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shin Goto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroki Maruyama
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology (Y.S., Y.K., T.C., K.G., T.O., S.Y., S.G., I.N.) and Department of Clinical Nephroscience (H.M.), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Japan
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Heindel JJ, Blumberg B, Cave M, Machtinger R, Mantovani A, Mendez MA, Nadal A, Palanza P, Panzica G, Sargis R, Vandenberg LN, Vom Saal F. Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 68:3-33. [PMID: 27760374 PMCID: PMC5365353 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 622] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent epidemics of metabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes(T2D), liver lipid disorders and metabolic syndrome have largely been attributed to genetic background and changes in diet, exercise and aging. However, there is now considerable evidence that other environmental factors may contribute to the rapid increase in the incidence of these metabolic diseases. This review will examine changes to the incidence of obesity, T2D and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the contribution of genetics to these disorders and describe the role of the endocrine system in these metabolic disorders. It will then specifically focus on the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the etiology of obesity, T2D and NAFLD while finally integrating the information on EDCs on multiple metabolic disorders that could lead to metabolic syndrome. We will specifically examine evidence linking EDC exposures during critical periods of development with metabolic diseases that manifest later in life and across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerrold J Heindel
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Extramural Research and Training Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- University of California, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Irvine CA, USA
| | - Mathew Cave
- University of Louisville, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Louisville KY, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle A Mendez
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Public Health, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Angel Nadal
- Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Paola Palanza
- University of Parma, Department of Neurosciences, Parma, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Panzica
- University of Turin, Department of Neuroscience and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy
| | - Robert Sargis
- University of Chicago, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Frederick Vom Saal
- University of Missouri, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia, MO, USA
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Luque GM, Lopez-Vicchi F, Ornstein AM, Brie B, De Winne C, Fiore E, Perez-Millan MI, Mazzolini G, Rubinstein M, Becu-Villalobos D. Chronic hyperprolactinemia evoked by disruption of lactotrope dopamine D2 receptors impacts on liver and adipocyte genes related to glucose and insulin balance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E974-E988. [PMID: 27802964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00200.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied the impact of high prolactin titers on liver and adipocyte gene expression related to glucose and insulin homeostasis in correlation with obesity onset. To that end we used mutant female mice that selectively lack dopamine type 2 receptors (D2Rs) from pituitary lactotropes (lacDrd2KO), which have chronic high prolactin levels associated with increased body weight, marked increments in fat depots, adipocyte size, and serum lipids, and a metabolic phenotype that intensifies with age. LacDrd2KO mice of two developmental ages, 5 and 10 mo, were used. In the first time point, obesity and increased body weight are marginal, although mice are hyperprolactinemic, whereas at 10 mo there is marked adiposity with a 136% increase in gonadal fat and a 36% increase in liver weight due to lipid accumulation. LacDrd2KO mice had glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and impaired insulin response to glucose already in the early stages of obesity, but changes in liver and adipose tissue transcription factors were time and tissue dependent. In chronic hyperprolactinemic mice liver Prlr were upregulated, there was liver steatosis, altered expression of the lipogenic transcription factor Chrebp, and blunted response of Srebp-1c to refeeding at 5 mo of age, whereas no effect was observed in the glycogenesis pathway. On the other hand, in adipose tissue a marked decrease in lipogenic transcription factor expression was observed when morbid obesity was already settled. These adaptive changes underscore the role of prolactin signaling in different tissues to promote energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina María Luque
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Felicitas Lopez-Vicchi
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana María Ornstein
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Belén Brie
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina De Winne
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Fiore
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT-CONICET), Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Maria Inés Perez-Millan
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT-CONICET), Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Marcelo Rubinstein
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, CONICET, and Departamento de Fisiología, y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damasia Becu-Villalobos
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
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Sánchez Bruni SF, Acosta GB. Argentinean Society of Experimental Pharmacology: Brief history and main scientific contributions to the discipline. Pharmacol Res 2016; 109:4-11. [PMID: 26816088 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Argentina Biomedical Science has been historically strong. The development of Human and Veterinary Pharmacology in our country as a pivotal discipline has been acknowledged worldwide because of the quality of its contributions. Argentinean Society of Experimental Pharmacology (SAFE) is a non- profit association whose research fields include Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. SAFE main goals are described as follow (a) To meet active researchers for studying concerns regarding Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (b) To launch an initiative for development of the discipline in mainly our country and other collaborative countries worldwide (c) To spread the pharmacological know-how obtained from different research teams (d) To strengthen relations between pharmacologists (e) To facilitate the presentation and discussion of scientific papers. This current article shows the SAFE's more important scientific contribution to pharmacology through its former research scientists to the present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio F Sánchez Bruni
- Full Professor of Pharmacology, Current President of the Argentinean Society of Experimental Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, B7001BBO Tandil, Argentina.
| | - Gabriela B Acosta
- Current 2° Vocal of the Argentinean Society of Experimental Pharmacology. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Junín 956, 5to piso, C1113AAD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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