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Yang Y, Yuan K, Liu Y, Wang Q, Lin Y, Yang S, Huang K, Kan T, Zhang Y, Xu M, Yu Z, Fan Q, Wang Y, Li H, Tang T. Constitutively activated AMPKα1 protects against skeletal aging in mice by promoting bone-derived IGF-1 secretion. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13476. [PMID: 37042047 PMCID: PMC10542616 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Senile osteoporosis is characterized by age-related bone loss and bone microarchitecture deterioration. However, little is known to date about the mechanism that maintains bone homeostasis during aging. In this study, we identify adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha 1 (AMPKα1) as a critical factor regulating the senescence and lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). A phospho-mutant mouse model shows that constitutive AMPKα1 activation prevents age-related bone loss and promoted MSC osteogenic commitment with increased bone-derived insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) secretion. Mechanistically, upregulation of IGF-1 signalling by AMPKα1 depends on cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)-mediated transcriptional regulation. Furthermore, the essential role of the AMPKα1/IGF-1/CREB axis in promoting aged MSC osteogenic potential is confirmed using three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. Taken together, these results can provide mechanistic insight into the protective effect of AMPKα1 against skeletal aging by promoting bone-derived IGF-1 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Kai Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yihao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qishan Wang
- School of PharmacyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yixuan Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shengbing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Kai Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Tianyou Kan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Mingming Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhifeng Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qiming Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yugang Wang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hanjun Li
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Huang Y, Dou Y, Yang B, He B, Zhang X, Zhang K, Yang X. Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation mitigates osteopenia induced by modeled microgravity in rats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:385-394. [PMID: 37195399 PMCID: PMC10352228 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to weightlessness causes severe osteopenia, resulting in raised fracture risk. The current study aimed to investigate whether nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation protected against the osteopenia in hindlimb unloading (HLU) rats in vivo and modeled microgravity-induced osteoblastic dysfunction in vitro. The 3-mo-old rats were exposed to HLU and intragastrically administered NMN every 3 days (500 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. NMN supplementation mitigated HLU-induced bone loss, evidenced by greater bone mass and biomechanical properties and better trabecular bone structure. NMN supplementation mitigated HLU-induced oxidative stress, evidenced by greater levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and activities of superoxide dismutase 2 and lesser malondialdehyde levels. Modeled microgravity stimulation using rotary wall vessel bioreactor in MC3T3-E1 cells inhibited osteoblast differentiation, which was reversed by NMN treatment. Furthermore, NMN treatment mitigated microgravity-induced mitochondrial impairments, evidenced by lesser reactive oxygen species generation and greater adenosine triphosphate production, mtDNA copy number, and activities of superoxide dismutase 2 and Complex I and II. Additionally, NMN promoted activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), evidenced by greater AMPKα phosphorylation. Our research suggested that NMN supplementation attenuated osteoblastic mitochondrial impairment and mitigated osteopenia induced by modeled microgravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yusheng Dou
- Department of Should and Elbow Joint, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xuefang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaobin Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Metformin Prevents or Delays the Development and Progression of Osteoarthritis: New Insight and Mechanism of Action. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193012. [PMID: 36230974 PMCID: PMC9563728 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For over 60 years, metformin has been widely prescribed by physicians to treat type 2 diabetes. Along with more in-depth research on metformin and its molecular mechanism in recent decades, metformin has also been proposed as an effective drug to prevent or delay musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis (OA). The occurrence and development of OA are deemed to be associated with the impaired mitochondrial functions of articular chondrocytes. Metformin can activate the pathways and expressions of both AMPK and SIRT1 so as to protect the mitochondrial function of chondrocytes, thereby promoting osteoblast production. Moreover, the clinical significance of the metformin combination therapy in preventing OA has also been demonstrated. This review aimed to comprehensively summarize the current research progress on metformin as a proposed drug for OA prevention or treatment.
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Targeting Sirt1, AMPK, Nrf2, CK2, and Soluble Guanylate Cyclase with Nutraceuticals: A Practical Strategy for Preserving Bone Mass. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094776. [PMID: 35563167 PMCID: PMC9104509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a vast pre-clinical literature suggesting that certain nutraceuticals have the potential to aid the preservation of bone mass in the context of estrogen withdrawal, glucocorticoid treatment, chronic inflammation, or aging. In an effort to bring some logical clarity to these findings, the signaling pathways regulating osteoblast, osteocyte, and osteoclast induction, activity, and survival are briefly reviewed in the present study. The focus is placed on the following factors: the mechanisms that induce and activate the RUNX2 transcription factor, a key driver of osteoblast differentiation and function; the promotion of autophagy and prevention of apoptosis in osteoblasts/osteoclasts; and the induction and activation of NFATc1, which promotes the expression of many proteins required for osteoclast-mediated osteolysis. This analysis suggests that the activation of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), the Nrf2 transcription factor, and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) can be expected to aid the maintenance of bone mass, whereas the inhibition of the serine kinase CK2 should also be protective in this regard. Fortuitously, nutraceuticals are available to address each of these targets. Sirt1 activation can be promoted with ferulic acid, N1-methylnicotinamide, melatonin, nicotinamide riboside, glucosamine, and thymoquinone. Berberine, such as the drug metformin, is a clinically useful activator of AMPK. Many agents, including lipoic acid, melatonin, thymoquinone, astaxanthin, and crucifera-derived sulforaphane, can promote Nrf2 activity. Pharmacological doses of biotin can directly stimulate sGC. Additionally, certain flavonols, notably quercetin, can inhibit CK2 in high nanomolar concentrations that may be clinically relevant. Many, though not all, of these agents have shown favorable effects on bone density and structure in rodent models of bone loss. Complex nutraceutical regimens providing a selection of these nutraceuticals in clinically meaningful doses may have an important potential for preserving bone health. Concurrent supplementation with taurine, N-acetylcysteine, vitamins D and K2, and minerals, including magnesium, zinc, and manganese, plus a diet naturally high in potassium, may also be helpful in this regard.
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Lack of berberine effect on bone mechanical properties in rats with experimentally induced diabetes. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 146:112562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wang Q, Xie X, Zhang D, Mao F, Wang S, Liao Y. Saxagliptin enhances osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells, dependent on the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα)/runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2). Bioengineered 2022; 13:431-439. [PMID: 35258398 PMCID: PMC8805826 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2008667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease commonly observed in the elderly, and its pathogenesis is associated with declined osteogenic differentiation. Osteogenic differentiation could be facilitated by the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Saxagliptin, an anti-diabetic agent with inhibitory effects against dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), has been recently reported to induce the activation of the AMPK pathway. The present study proposes to explore the function and mechanism of Saxagliptin in osteogenic differentiation. Osteogenic differentiation induction medium (ODIM) was utilized to induce osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Significantly increased mineral nodule formation, elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and upregulated expression of osteogenic marker genes activating transcription factor-4 (ATF-4), osteopontin (OPN), and type I collagen (Col1) were observed in ODIM-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells, all of which were further enhanced by the introduction of Saxagliptin. The elevated expression level of runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2), an important transcriptional factor involved in the progression of osteogenic differentiation, in ODIM-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells was further promoted by Saxagliptin. The AMPK pathway in ODIM-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly activated by Saxagliptin, and the functions of Saxagliptin in promoting osteogenic differentiation were abolished by compound C, the inhibitor of the AMPK pathway. Conclusively, Saxagliptin enhanced osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells, dependent on the activation of AMPKα/RUNX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 5th People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dehua Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feng Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
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Li H, Zhou W, Sun S, Zhang T, Zhang T, Huang H, Wang M. Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 regulates osteogenic differentiation by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin and AMPK signaling pathways. Mol Med 2021; 27:153. [PMID: 34865619 PMCID: PMC8647299 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysfunctional osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) plays an important role in osteoporosis occurrence and development. However, the molecular mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation remain unclear. This study explored whether microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) regulated BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Methods We used shRNA or cDNA to knock down or overexpress MFAP5 in C3H10 and MC3T3-E1 cells. AR-S- and ALP-staining were performed to quantify cellular osteogenic differentiation. The mRNA levels of the classical osteogenic differentiation biomarkers Runx2, Col1α1, and OCN were quantified by qRT-PCR. Finally, we employed Western blotting to measure the levels of Wnt/β-catenin and AMPK signaling proteins. Results At days 0, 3, 7, and 14 after osteogenic induction, AR-S- and ALP-staining was lighter in MFAP5 knockdown compared to control cells, as were the levels of Runx2, Col1α1 and OCN. During osteogenesis, the levels of β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, AMPK, and p-AMPK were upregulated, while that of GSK-3β was downregulated, indicating that Wnt/β-catenin and AMPK signaling were activated. The relevant molecules were expressed at lower levels in the knockdown than control group; the opposite was seen for overexpressing cell lines. Conclusions MFAP5 regulates osteogenesis via Wnt/β‑catenin- and AMPK-signaling; MFAP5 may serve as a therapeutic target in patients with osteoporosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00413-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuling Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tieqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haitian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Ren C, Hao X, Wang L, Hu Y, Meng L, Zheng S, Ren F, Bu W, Wang H, Li D, Zhang K, Sun H. Metformin Carbon Dots for Promoting Periodontal Bone Regeneration via Activation of ERK/AMPK Pathway. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100196. [PMID: 33987977 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is severely impaired under persistent inflammation of periodontitis. A highly efficient way to promote or rescue osteogenic potential of MSCs under inflammation remains an unmet goal. Herein, metformin carbon dots (MCDs) with excellent biocompatibility are prepared from metformin hydrochloride and citric acid via a hydrothermal method. The MCDs can more effectively enhance the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition nodules formation, expression of osteogenic genes and proteins in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) than metformin under both inflammatory and normal conditions. Moreover, a novel pathway of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling is involved in the MCDs-induced osteogenesis. In periodontitis rats, MCDs can effectively regenerate the lost alveolar bone, but not the metformin. Taken together, MCDs can be the promising candidate nanomaterial for periodontitis treatment. This work may provide a new pharmacological target of ERK/AMPK pathway for treating bone loss and also give additional insights into developing nanodrugs from the numerous medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Xinqing Hao
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Lin Meng
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Shize Zheng
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Feilong Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Wenhuan Bu
- School of Stomatology China Medical University Shenyang 110001 P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Daowei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
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Zhao X, Pathak JL, Huang W, Zhu C, Li Y, Guan H, Zeng S, Ge L, Shu Y. Metformin enhances osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth through AMPK pathway. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1869-1879. [PMID: 33049108 DOI: 10.1002/term.3142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are ideal seed cells in bone tissue engineering. As a first-line antidiabetic drug, metformin has recently been found to promote bone formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of metformin on the osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs and its underlying mechanism. SHEDs were isolated from the dental pulp of deciduous teeth from healthy children aged 6 to 12, and their surface antigen markers of stem cells were detected by flow cytometry. The effect of metformin (10-200 μM) treatment on SHEDs cell viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation was analyzed. The activation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation Thr172 (p-AMPK) was determined by western blot assay. SHEDs were confirmed as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the basis of the expression of characteristic surface antigens. Metformin (10-200 μM) did not affect the viability and proliferation of SHEDs but significantly increased the expression of osteogenic genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization, and p-AMPK level expression in SHEDs. Compound C, a specific inhibitor of the AMPK pathway, abolished metformin-induced osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs. Moreover, metformin treatment enhanced the expression of proangiogenic/osteogenic growth factors BMP2 and VEGF but reduced the osteoclastogenic factor RANKL/OPG expression in SHEDs. In conclusion, metformin could induce the osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs by activating the AMPK pathway and regulates the expression of proangiogenic/osteogenic growth factors and osteoclastogenic factors in SHEDs. Therefore, metformin-pretreated SHEDs could be a potential source of seed cells during stem cell-based bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuandong Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunyang Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbing Guan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sujuan Zeng
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linhu Ge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Takemura A, Pajevic PD, Egawa T, Teshigawara R, Hayashi T, Ishihara A. Effects of mild hyperbaric oxygen on osteoporosis induced by hindlimb unloading in rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:631-638. [PMID: 32350615 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-020-01100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disuse-induced bone loss is caused by a suppression of osteoblastic bone formation and an increase in osteoclastic bone resorption. There are few data available for the effects of environmental conditions, i.e., atmospheric pressure and/or oxygen concentration, on osteoporosis. This study examined the effects of mild hyperbaric oxygen at 1317 hPa with 40% oxygen on unloading-induced osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen 8-week old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control for 21 days without unloading and mild hyperbaric oxygen (NOR, n = 6), the unloading for 21 days and recovery for 10 days without mild hyperbaric oxygen (HU + NOR, n = 6), and the unloading for 21 days and recovery for 10 days with mild hyperbaric oxygen (HU + MHO, n = 6). RESULTS The cortical thickness and trabecular bone surface area were decreased in the HU + NOR group compared to the NOR group. There were no differences between the NOR and HU + MHO groups. Osteoclast surface area and Sclerostin (Sost) mRNA expression levels were decreased in the HU + MHO group compared to the HU + NOR group. These results suggested that the loss of the cortical and trabecular bone is inhibited by mild hyperbaric oxygen, because of an inhibition of osteoclasts and enhancement of bone formation with decreased Sost expression. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that exposure to mild hyperbaric oxygen partially protects from the osteoporosis induced by hindlimb unloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Takemura
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Sports Research, Japan Institute of Sport Sciences, Tokyo, 115-0056, Japan.
| | - Paola Divieti Pajevic
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Tatsuro Egawa
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Rika Teshigawara
- Laboratory of Developmental Epigenome, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Tong X, Ganta RR, Liu Z. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates autophagy, inflammation and immunity and contributes to osteoclast differentiation and functionabs. Biol Cell 2020; 112:251-264. [PMID: 32445585 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells, responsible for bone resorption. Osteoclast differentiation and function requires a series of cytokines to remove the old bone, which coordinates with the induction of bone remodelling by osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Studies have demonstrated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) play a negative regulatory role in osteoclast differentiation and function. Research involving AMPK, a nutrient and energy sensor, has primarily focused on osteoclast differentiation and function; thus, its role in autophagy, inflammation and immunity remains poorly understood. Autophagy is a conservative homoeostatic mechanism of eukaryotic cells, and response to osteoclast differentiation and function; however, how it interacts with inflammation remains unclear. Additionally, based on the regulatory function of different AMPK subunits for osteoclast differentiation and function, its activation is regulated by upstream factors to perform bone metabolism. This review summarises the critical role of AMPK-mediated autophagy, inflammation and immunity by upstream and downstream signalling during receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation and function. This pathway may provide therapeutic targets for bone-related diseases, as well as function as a biomarker for bone homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, USA.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Roman R Ganta
- Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, USA
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhang X, Yu X, Zhao Z, Yuan Z, Ma P, Ye Z, Guo L, Xu S, Xu L, Liu T, Liu H, Yu S. MicroRNA-429 inhibits bone metastasis in breast cancer by regulating CrkL and MMP-9. Bone 2020; 130:115139. [PMID: 31706051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is common in late-stage breast cancer patients and leads to skeletal-related events that affect the quality of life and decrease survival. Numerous miRNAs have been confirmed to be involved in metastatic breast cancer, such as the miR200 family. Our previous study identified microRNA-429 (miR-429) as a regulatory molecule in breast cancer bone metastasis. However, the effects of miR-429 and its regulatory axis in the metastatic breast cancer bone microenvironment have not been thoroughly investigated. We observed a positive correlation between miR-429 expression in clinical tissues and the bone metastasis-free interval and a negative correlation between miR-429 expression and the degree of bone metastasis. We cultured bone metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells and used conditioned medium (CM) to detect the effect of miR-429 on osteoblast and osteoclast cells in vitro. We constructed an orthotopic bone destruction model and a left ventricle implantation model to examine the effect of miR-429 on the metastatic bone environment in vivo. The transfection experiments showed that the expression levels of V-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like (CrkL) and MMP-9 were negatively regulated by miR-429. The in vitro coculture experiments showed that miR-429 promoted osteoblast differentiation and that CrkL promoted osteoclast differentiation. The two animal models showed that miR-429 diminished local bone destruction and distant bone metastasis but CrkL enhanced these effects. Furthermore, CrkL and MMP-9 expression decreased simultaneously in response to increased miR-429 expression. These findings further reveal the possible mechanism and effect of the miR-429/CrkL/MMP-9 regulatory axis in the bone microenvironment in breast cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhennan Yuan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peiqing Ma
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Liping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Songfeng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huanmei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengji Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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13
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Glucose Restriction Promotes Osteocyte Specification by Activating a PGC-1α-Dependent Transcriptional Program. iScience 2019; 15:79-94. [PMID: 31039455 PMCID: PMC6488568 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes, the most abundant of bone cells, differentiate while they remain buried within the bone matrix. This encasement limits their access to nutrients and likely affects their differentiation, a process that remains poorly defined. Here, we show that restriction in glucose supply promotes the osteocyte transcriptional program while also being associated with increased mitochondrial DNA levels. Glucose deprivation triggered the activation of the AMPK/PGC-1 pathway. AMPK and SIRT1 activators or PGC-1α overexpression are sufficient to enhance osteocyte gene expression in IDG-SW3 cells, murine primary osteoblasts, osteocytes, and organotypic/ex vivo bone cultures. Conversely, osteoblasts and osteocytes deficient in Ppargc1a and b were refractory to the effects of glucose restriction. Finally, conditional ablation of both genes in osteoblasts and osteocytes generate osteopenia and reduce osteocytic gene expression in mice. Altogether, we uncovered a role for PGC-1 in the regulation of osteocyte gene expression.
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14
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Kanazawa I, Takeno A, Tanaka KI, Notsu M, Sugimoto T. Osteoblast AMP-activated protein kinase regulates glucose metabolism and bone mass in adult mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1955-1961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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15
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Takeno A, Kanazawa I, Notsu M, Tanaka KI, Sugimoto T. Inhibition of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase suppresses bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced mineralization of osteoblasts via Smad-independent mechanisms. Endocr J 2018; 65:291-298. [PMID: 29249772 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which plays as an intracellular energy sensor, promotes the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts via enhancing expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, which is a potent inducer of osteoblastogenesis. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the roles of AMPK in BMP-2-induced osteoblastogenesis. We used a murine osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 and a murine marrow stromal cell line ST2. BMP-2 (50 and 100 ng/mL) stimulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and enhanced mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, while the effects of BMP-2 were partly abolished by an inhibitor of AMPK, ara-A (0.1 mM). Real-time PCR showed that BMP-2 significantly increased the mRNA expressions of Alp, osteocalcin (Ocn), Runx2, Osterix and Dlx-5 in MC3T3-E1 cells, while co-incubation of ara-A significantly decreased the BMP-2-stimulated expression of Alp, Ocn, and Runx2. Moreover, co-incubation of ara-A suppressed the BMP-2-induced upregulation of Alp and Ocn in ST2 cells. Western blot analysis showed that BMP-2 phosphorylated Smad1/5 although it did not affect AMPK phosphorylation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, a BMP receptor inhibitor LDN-193189 inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad1/5, but did not affect AMPK. In addition, co-incubation of ara-A did not affect BMP-2-induced phosphorylation of Smad1/5. These findings suggest that the inhibition of AMPK activation reduces the osteo-inductive effects of BMP-2 by decreasing the expression of Alp, Ocn, and Runx2 through Smad-independent mechanisms in osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumu Takeno
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Ippei Kanazawa
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Masakazu Notsu
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Toshitsugu Sugimoto
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa K Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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