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Systematic analysis of the mechanism of Xiaochaihu decoction in hepatitis B treatment via network pharmacology and molecular docking. Comput Biol Med 2021; 138:104894. [PMID: 34607274 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B (HB) is a globally prevalent infectious disease caused by the HB virus. Xiaochaihu decoction (XCHD) is a classic herbal formula with a long history of clinical application in treating HB. Although the anti-HB activity of XCHD has been reported, systematic research on the exact mechanism of action is lacking. Here, a network pharmacology-based approach was used to predict the active components, important targets, and potential mechanism of XCHD in HB treatment. Investigation included drug-likeness evaluation; absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) screening; protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction and cluster analysis; Gene Ontology (GO) analysis; and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation. Molecular docking was adopted to investigate the interaction between important target proteins and active components. Eighty-seven active components of XCHD and 155 anti-HB targets were selected for further analysis. The GO enrichment and similarity analysis results indicated that XCHD might perform similar or the same GO functions. Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR), one of the seven XCHD herbs, likely exerts some unique GO functions such as the regulation of interleukin-12 production, positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion, and regulation of the I-kappaB/NF-kappaB complex. The PPI network and KEGG pathway analysis results showed that XCHD affects HB mainly through modulating pathways related to viral infection, immunity, cancer, signal transduction, and metabolism. Additionally, molecular docking verified that the active compounds (quercetin, chrysin, and capsaicin) could bind with the key targets. This work systematically explored the anti-HB mechanism of XCHD and provides a novel perspective for future pharmacological research.
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Li H, Tang Y, Wei W, Yin C, Tang F. Effects of Xiaochaihu decoction on the expression of cytochrome P450s in rats. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:588. [PMID: 33850560 PMCID: PMC8027731 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Xiaochaihu decoction is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicines that is widely used with other drugs in clinical practice, and may cause drug-drug interactions. However, there is not sufficient experimental evidence for the effects of Xiaochaihu decoction on cytochrome P450s (CYPs). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Xiaochaihu decoction on the mRNA and protein levels of hepatic CYPs. Eighty normal male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups based on body weight and duration of drug administration (3 and 6 days). Each group was further divided into subgroups: Control group (2 ml 5‰ CMC-Na); hepatic enzyme inducer group (50 mg/kg/day rifampicin); and experimental groups (Xiaochaihu decoction: Low dose, 1.7 g/kg/day; medium dose, 3.4 g/kg/day; high dose, 6.8 g/kg/day). The effects of Xiaochaihu decoction on Cyp1a2, Cyp3a1, Cyp2d6, and Cyp1b1 mRNA and protein expression in rats were evaluated using reverse transcription quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. After 3 days, medium dose of Xiaochaihu decoction inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of Cyp1a2, Cyp3a1 and Cyp1b1. In addition, after 6 days, Xiaochaihu decoction induced Cyp3a1 mRNA expression at low and medium doses; Cyp2d6 mRNA expression at low and high doses; and Cyp2d6 protein expression at high doses. Nonetheless, the gene and protein expression of Cyp1b1 was not affected at any dose. The findings of the present study may provide insights into potential drug-drug interactions associated with Xiaochaihu decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Yunyan Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Meitan People's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou 564100, P.R. China
| | - Weipeng Wei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Chengchen Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Fushan Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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Ashour ML, Youssef FS, Gad HA, Wink M. Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) Activity by Extracts from 57 Plants Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:300-308. [PMID: 28539725 PMCID: PMC5421430 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.204561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Herbal medicine is widely used all over the world for treating various health disorders. It is employed either alone or in combination with synthetic drugs or plants to be more effective. Objective: The assessment of the effect of both water and methanol extracts of 57 widely used plants from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against the main phase I metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4 in vitro for the first time. Materials and Methods: The inhibition of cytochrome P450 activity was evaluated using a luminescence assay. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to correlate the inhibitory activity with the main secondary metabolites present in the plant extracts. Molecular modeling studies on CYP3A4 (PDB ID 4NY4) were carried out with 38 major compounds present in the most active plant extracts to validate the observed inhibitory effect. Results: Aqueous extracts of Acacia catechu, Andrographis paniculata, Arctium lappa, Areca catechu, Bupleurum marginatum, Chrysanthemum indicum, Dysosma versipellis, and Spatholobus suberectus inhibited CYP3A4 is more than 85% (at a dose of 100 μg/mL). The corresponding methanol extracts of A. catechu, A. paniculata, A. catechu, Mahonia bealei, and Sanguisorba officinalis inhibited the enzyme by more than 50%. Molecular modeling studies revealed that two polyphenols, namely hesperidin and rutin, revealed the highest fitting scores in the active sites of the CYP3A4 with binding energies equal to -74.09 and -71.34 kcal/mol, respectively. Conclusion: These results provide evidence that many TCM plants can inhibit CYP3A4, which might cause a potential interference with the metabolism of other concomitantly administered herbs or drugs. SUMMARY In this study, the inhibitory activity of the aqueous and methanol extracts of 57 widely used plants from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against the main phase I metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4 was tested in vitro for the first time. Aqueous extracts of Acacia catechu, Andrographis paniculata, Arctium lappa, Areca catechu, Bupleurum marginatum, Dysosma versipellis, and Spatholobus suberectus inhibited CYP3A4 by more than 85% (at a dose of 100 μg/mL). The activity could be attributed to the presence of polyphenolics as revealed from the multivariate chemometric analysis and molecular modeling study. These results provide evidence that many TCM plants can inhibit CYP3A4, which might cause a potential interference with the metabolism of other concomitantly administered herbs or drugs.
Abbreviation used: CHARMm: Chemistry at HARvard Macromolecular Mechanics, CYP: Cytochrome P450, DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide, PCA: Principal Component Analysis, PDB: Protein Data Bank, TCM: Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed L Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.,Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy A Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Soraoka H, Oniki K, Matsuda K, Ono T, Taharazako K, Uchiyashiki Y, Kamihashi R, Kita A, Takashima A, Nakagawa K, Yasui-Furukori N, Kadowaki D, Miyata K, Saruwatari J. The Effect of Yokukansan, a Traditional Herbal Preparation Used for the Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia, on the Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Healthy Male Volunteers. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 39:1468-74. [PMID: 27582327 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The concomitant use of herb and prescription medications is increasing globally. Herb-drug interactions are therefore a clinically important problem. Yokukansan (YKS), a Japanese traditional herbal medicine, is one of the most frequently used herbal medicines. It is effective for treating the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. We investigated the potential effects of YKS on drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in humans. An open-label repeat-dose study was conducted in 26 healthy Japanese male volunteers (age: 22.7±2.3 years) with no history of smoking. An 8-h urine sample was collected after a 150-mg dose of caffeine and a 30-mg dose of dextromethorphan before and after the administration of YKS (2.5 g, twice a day for 1 week). The activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A, xanthine oxidase (XO) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) were assessed based on the urinary metabolic indices of caffeine and dextromethorphan, and the urinary excretion ratio of 6β-hydroxycortisol to cortisol. There were no statistically significant differences in the activities of the examined enzymes before or after the 7-d administration of YKS. Although further studies assessing the influence of YKS on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the substrates of the drug-metabolizing enzymes are needed to verify the present results, YKS is unlikely that a pharmacokinetic interaction will occur with concomitantly administered medications that are predominantly metabolized by the CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A, XO and NAT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Soraoka
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
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Kojima-Yuasa A, Huang X, Matsui-Yuasa I. Synergistic Anticancer Activities of Natural Substances in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Diseases 2015; 3:260-281. [PMID: 28943624 PMCID: PMC5548258 DOI: 10.3390/diseases3040260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly resistant to currently available chemotherapeutic agents. The clinical outcome of HCC treatment remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, new effective and well-tolerated therapy strategies are needed. Natural products are excellent sources for the development of new medications for disease treatment. Recently, we and other researchers have suggested that the combined effect of natural products may improve the effect of chemotherapy treatments against the proliferation of cancer cells. In addition, many combination treatments with natural products augmented intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review we will demonstrate the synergistic anticancer effects of a combination of natural products with chemotherapeutic agents or natural products against human HCC and provide new insight into the development of novel combination therapies against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Kojima-Yuasa
- Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Xuedan Huang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirogane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
| | - Isao Matsui-Yuasa
- Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
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Qiu JX, Zhou ZW, He ZX, Zhang X, Zhou SF, Zhu S. Estimation of the binding modes with important human cytochrome P450 enzymes, drug interaction potential, pharmacokinetics, and hepatotoxicity of ginger components using molecular docking, computational, and pharmacokinetic modeling studies. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:841-66. [PMID: 25733806 PMCID: PMC4338259 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s74669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger is one of the most commonly used herbal medicines for the treatment of numerous ailments and improvement of body functions. It may be used in combination with prescribed drugs. The coadministration of ginger with therapeutic drugs raises a concern of potential deleterious drug interactions via the modulation of the expression and/or activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, resulting in unfavorable therapeutic outcomes. This study aimed to determine the molecular interactions between 12 main active ginger components (6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-shogaol, 10-shogaol, ar-curcumene, β-bisabolene, β-sesquiphelandrene, 6-gingerdione, (-)-zingiberene, and methyl-6-isogingerol) and human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4 and to predict the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) of the 12 ginger components using computational approaches and comprehensive literature search. Docking studies showed that ginger components interacted with a panel of amino acids in the active sites of CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4 mainly through hydrogen bond formation, to a lesser extent, via π-π stacking. The pharmacokinetic simulation studies showed that the [I]/[Ki ] value for CYP2C9, 2C19, and 3A4 ranged from 0.0002 to 19.6 and the R value ranged from 1.0002 to 20.6 and that ginger might exhibit a high risk of drug interaction via inhibition of the activity of human CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, but a low risk of drug interaction toward CYP2C19-mediated drug metabolism. Furthermore, it has been evaluated that the 12 ginger components possessed a favorable ADMET profiles with regard to the solubility, absorption, permeability across the blood-brain barrier, interactions with CYP2D6, hepatotoxicity, and plasma protein binding. The validation results showed that there was no remarkable effect of ginger on the metabolism of warfarin in humans, whereas concurrent use of ginger and nifedipine exhibited a synergistic effect on platelet aggregation in humans. Moreover, ginger components showed a rapid half-life and no to low toxicity in humans. Taken together, this study shows that ginger components may regulate the activity and expression of various human CYPs, probably resulting in alterations in drug clearance and response. More studies are warranted to identify and confirm potential ginger-drug interactions and explore possible interactions of ginger with human CYPs and other functionally important proteins, to reduce and avoid side effects induced by unfavorable ginger-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xuan Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zhi-Xu He
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center and Sino-US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shengrong Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Saruwatari J, Takashima A, Yoshida K, Soraoka H, Ding TB, Uchiyashiki Y, Tsuda Y, Imamura M, Oniki K, Miyata K, Nakagawa K. Effects of Seijo-bofu-to, a Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicine Containing Furanocoumarin Derivatives, on the Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Healthy Male Volunteers. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 115:360-5. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junji Saruwatari
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Ayaka Takashima
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Kousuke Yoshida
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Hiromi Soraoka
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Tong-Bin Ding
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Uchiyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tsuda
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Motoki Imamura
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Kentaro Oniki
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Kazuko Nakagawa
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
- Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
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Nutraceutical potential of tinctures from fruits, green husks, and leaves of Juglans regia L. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:501392. [PMID: 24616634 PMCID: PMC3927754 DOI: 10.1155/2014/501392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the phenolic composition and nutraceutical potential of tinctures from fruits in two stages of maturity (F3, younger; F25, older), green husks (GH), and leaves (L) of Juglans regia L. In all extracts gallic, protocatechuic, 3-caffeoylquinic, 3-ρ-coumaroylquinic, 4-caffeoylquinic, 4-ρ-coumaroylquinic, and ρ-coumaric acids and quercetin-3-O-deoxyhexoside were detected using UPLC-MS technique. Caffeic acid hexoside I and quercetin-3-O-deoxyhexoside I have been identified in GH tincture. The highest ability to chelate Fe2+ was observed for GH tincture (EC50 = 71.01 ± 3.55 mg FM/mL), whereas the lowest was observed (EC50 = 131.06 ± 6.55 mg FM/mL) for F3 tincture. The highest reducing power was found for F3 and F25 (EC50 = 32.47 ± 1.53 and 36.07 ± 1.72 mg FM/mL, resp.). Ability of tinctures to prevent lipids against oxidation was relatively low. The highest activity (EC50 = 126.49 ± 6.32 mg FM/mL) was determined for F25. Tested tinctures showed relatively high antiradical activity—EC50 values ranged from 100.56 ± 5.03 to 129.04 ± 6.45 mg FM/mL for L and F25, respectively. The results obtained suggest that J. regia can be a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties.
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Qiu F, Hou XL, Takahashi K, Chen LX, Azuma J, Kang N. Andrographolide inhibits the expression and metabolic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4 in the modified Caco-2 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:709-713. [PMID: 21925256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to examine the effects of andrographolide on intestinal enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and predict whether oral administration of andrographolide-containing remedy leads to herb-drug interaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Caco-2 cells are treated with 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 for 3 wks to induce the expression of CYP3A4, and then andrographolide (1, 10, 100 μM) is added and treated for 72 h. Upon the further 4-h testosterone (250 μM) or nifedipine (200 μM) treatment, the basolateral medium samples and the Caco-2 monolayers are collected for analyses. RESULTS Andrographolide (1, 10, 100 μM) significantly down-regulates the mRNA level and protein level of CYP3A4, and inhibits nifedipine oxidation and testosterone 6β-hydroxylation. CONCLUSION Oral administration of andrographolide likely leads to reduction of the metabolic activity of intestinal CYP3A4, therefore herb preparations containing andrographolide may result to herb-drug interactions in combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qiu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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Saruwatari J, Takaishi C, Yoshida K, Takashima A, Fujimura Y, Umemoto Y, Abe T, Kitamado M, Shimomasuda M, Muramoto Y, Nakagawa K. A herbal-drug interaction study of keishi-bukuryo-gan, a traditional herbal preparation used for menopausal symptoms, in healthy female volunteers. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 64:670-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01443.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Many patients use herbal medicines to relieve menopausal symptoms. Keishi-bukuryo-gan contains five herbal components, and has been used for treating hypermenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea and menopausal symptoms in Asian countries. In this study, we investigated the potential herb–drug interactions of keishi-bukuryo-gan in healthy female subjects.
Methods
Thirty-one healthy females (20–27 years) were studied to evaluate their baseline activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A, xanthine oxidase (XO) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) based on the urinary metabolic indices of an 8-h urine sample collected after a 150-mg dose of caffeine and a 30-mg dose of dextromethorphan, and also the urinary excretion ratio of 6β-hydroxycortisol to cortisol. Thereafter, the subjects received 3.75 g of keishi-bukuryo-gan twice daily for seven days, and underwent the same tests on post-dose day 7.
Key findings
The geometric mean phenotypic index for CYP1A2 significantly decreased by 16% on day 7 compared with the baseline (P = 0.026). Keishi-bukuryo-gan did not alter the indices for CYP2D6, CYP3A, XO and NAT2.
Conclusions
Keishi-bukuryo-gan may inhibit the activity of CYP1A2, which is predominantly involved in oestrogen metabolism. However, TJ-25 is unlikely to participate in herb–drug interactions involving medications predominantly metabolized by CYP2D6, CYP3A, XO and NAT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Saruwatari
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Chisato Takaishi
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kousuke Yoshida
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ayaka Takashima
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Youhei Fujimura
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Umemoto
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Abe
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Kitamado
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Shimomasuda
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yousuke Muramoto
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuko Nakagawa
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Saruwatari J, Hisaeda S, Higa Y, Tomiyasu Y, Nakagawa K, Ishizaki T. The in-vivo effect of bakumondo-to (TJ-29), a traditional Japanese medicine used for treatment of chronic airway disease, on cytochrome P450 1A2, xanthine oxidase and N-acetyltransferase 2 activity in man. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 56:1171-7. [PMID: 15324486 DOI: 10.1211/0022357044094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In Japan, patients with chronic airway disease are administered bakumondo-to (TJ-29), a mixture of six herbal components. We have assessed the effects of TJ-29 on the activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, xanthine oxidase and N-acetyltransferase 2 in 26 healthy subjects under a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study design. The baseline activities of the three enzymes were assessed by the respective urinary metabolic ratios of an 8-h urine sample after an oral 150-mg dose of caffeine. Thereafter, the subjects received a thrice-daily 3.0-g dose of TJ-29 or placebo for seven days, and underwent the same caffeine test on the post-dose days 1 and 7. No statistically significant difference was observed in the activity of the three enzymes between those at baseline, and on day 1 after dosing with TJ-29 or placebo. The mean activity of CYP1A2, xanthine oxidase and N-acetyltransferase 2 tended to be lower on day 7 after dosing with TJ-29 compared with those at baseline and on day 7 after dosing with placebo. However, these changes were not statistically significant in CYP1A2 (P=0.120), xanthine oxidase (P=0.123) or N-acetyltransferase 2 (P=0.056). In conclusion, TJ-29 did not appear to substantially affect the activity of CYP1A2, xanthine oxidase or N-acetyltransferase 2 in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Saruwatari
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Oe-honmachi 5-1, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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12
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Hou XL, Takahashi K, Tanaka K, Tougou K, Qiu F, Komatsu K, Takahashi K, Azuma J. Curcuma drugs and curcumin regulate the expression and function of P-gp in Caco-2 cells in completely opposite ways. Int J Pharm 2008; 358:224-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Ryu N, Tanabe H, Makino T, Mizukami H, Inoue M. Shosaikoto (a Kampo medicine) modulates changes in cytochrome P450 caused by Mycobacterium butyricum injection. J Nat Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-007-0149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Nakao M, Muramoto Y, Hisadome M, Yamano N, Shoji M, Fukushima Y, Saruwatari J, Nakagawa K. The effect of Shoseiryuto, a traditional Japanese medicine, on cytochrome P450s, N-acetyltransferase 2 and xanthine oxidase, in extensive or intermediate metabolizers of CYP2D6. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 63:345-53. [PMID: 17297618 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-006-0253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 12/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shoseiryuto (TJ-19) contains eight herbal components, including Ephedra sinica, and has been used for treating asthma and allergic rhinitis in Asian countries for several centuries. In this study, we investigated the potential herb-drug interaction of TJ-19 in healthy volunteers and attempted to ascertain whether or not the interaction might be affected by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 genotype. METHODS We assessed the effect of TJ-19 on the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A, xanthine oxidase (XO), and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) in 37 healthy subjects. The subject pool consisted of 19 extensive metabolizers (EMs) with CYP2D6*Wild/*Wild, and 18 intermediate metabolizers (IMs) with CYP2D6*10/*10. The baseline activities of five enzymes were ascertained by their respective urinary metabolic ratios from an 8-h urine sample, after an oral 150-mg and 30-mg dose of caffeine and dextromethorphan were administrated, respectively. Thereafter, the subjects received 4.5 g of TJ-19 twice daily for 7 days, and underwent the same phenotyping test on postdose day 7. RESULTS The activities of all enzymes examined did not differ before or after the 7-day administration of TJ-19. Consequently, the influence of the CYP2D6 genotype on the herb-drug interaction remained unsolved. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that TJ-19 at the generally recommended dosage is unlikely to cause pharmacokinetic interaction with co-administered medications primarily dependent on the CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A, XO, and NAT2 pathways for elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Nakao
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Oe-honmachi 5-1, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
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15
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Foti RS, Wahlstrom JL, Wienkers LC. The in vitro drug interaction potential of dietary supplements containing multiple herbal components. Drug Metab Dispos 2006; 35:185-8. [PMID: 17093003 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.106.012724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal-based remedies are widely used as alternative treatments for a number of ailments. In addition, the use of products that contain both single and multiple herbal constituents is becoming increasingly common. The work described in this report examined the in vitro drug interaction potential for a commonly used herbal cold remedy reported to contain a mixture of eight herbal components. Experiments conducted in human liver microsomes exhibited significant inhibition (<10% of control activity remaining) of multiple cytochrome P450 (P450) isoforms, including CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and CYP2D6, by the herbal mixture. In an attempt to explain the observed P450 inhibition by the herbal mixture, individual active components were obtained and tested for inhibitory potency. Inhibition of multiple P450 activities by a single constituent, luteolin, was observed. Conversely, inhibition of a single isoform by several herbal components was noted for CYP2B6. Based on the data presented, it is concluded that mixtures of herbal components may exhibit multiple modes of P450 inhibition, indicating the potential for complex herbal-drug interaction scenarios to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Foti
- Biochemistry/Biophysics Group, Amgen Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Seattle, Washington 98119, USA.
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