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Narushin VG, Volkova NA, Vetokh AN, Dzhagaev AY, Volkova LA, Griffin DK, Romanov MN, Zinovieva NA. Metabolic Rate and Egg Production in Japanese Quails Can Be Predicted by Assessing Growth Parameters of Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:258. [PMID: 38254427 PMCID: PMC10812541 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to assess the female metabolic rate and test the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the egg productivity of Japanese quails from eight breeds and their morphometric, or growth, parameters. Parameters measured were body weight (B), volume (V), and surface area (S), as well as the metabolism level expressed by the ratio S/V. The collected egg performance traits were as follows: the number of eggs produced (N), the average egg weight (W), and the total egg mass (M) (i.e., N multiplied by W). To measure the S and V values, a novel technique was developed that takes into account the similarity of the quail's body to an ellipsoid. An analysis of the relationships between productivity indicators allowed us to introduce a new index called the metabolic index, B·S/V, based on all three main growth parameters in quails. Using the values of this index, we were then able to judge indirectly the level of quails' egg productivity. We went on to assess the N, W, and M values, not only depending on the size of the bird's growth parameters but also according to the degree of their changes during quail growth. These changes were expressed as the slope angles of trend lines describing the growth process data. This approach produced more accurate results for predicting the egg productivity in terms of W and M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy G. Narushin
- Research Institute for Environment Treatment, 69035 Zaporizhya, Ukraine;
- Vita-Market Ltd., 69035 Zaporizhya, Ukraine
| | - Natalia A. Volkova
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (A.N.V.); (A.Y.D.); (L.A.V.); (N.A.Z.)
| | - Anastasia N. Vetokh
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (A.N.V.); (A.Y.D.); (L.A.V.); (N.A.Z.)
| | - Alan Yu. Dzhagaev
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (A.N.V.); (A.Y.D.); (L.A.V.); (N.A.Z.)
| | - Ludmila A. Volkova
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (A.N.V.); (A.Y.D.); (L.A.V.); (N.A.Z.)
| | | | - Michael N. Romanov
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (A.N.V.); (A.Y.D.); (L.A.V.); (N.A.Z.)
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, UK;
| | - Natalia A. Zinovieva
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (A.N.V.); (A.Y.D.); (L.A.V.); (N.A.Z.)
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Papadopoulou M, Hildenbrandt H, Sankey DWE, Portugal SJ, Hemelrijk CK. Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211898. [PMID: 35223068 PMCID: PMC8864349 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Complex patterns of collective behaviour may emerge through self-organization, from local interactions among individuals in a group. To understand what behavioural rules underlie these patterns, computational models are often necessary. These rules have not yet been systematically studied for bird flocks under predation. Here, we study airborne flocks of homing pigeons attacked by a robotic falcon, combining empirical data with a species-specific computational model of collective escape. By analysing GPS trajectories of flocking individuals, we identify two new patterns of collective escape: early splits and collective turns, occurring even at large distances from the predator. To examine their formation, we extend an agent-based model of pigeons with a 'discrete' escape manoeuvre by a single initiator, namely a sudden turn interrupting the continuous coordinated motion of the group. Both splits and collective turns emerge from this rule. Their relative frequency depends on the angular velocity and position of the initiator in the flock: sharp turns by individuals at the periphery lead to more splits than collective turns. We confirm this association in the empirical data. Our study highlights the importance of discrete and uncoordinated manoeuvres in the collective escape of bird flocks and advocates the systematic study of their patterns across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Papadopoulou
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanno Hildenbrandt
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Steven J. Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
| | - Charlotte K. Hemelrijk
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Silva C, Juan-Sallés C, Mendes J, Mendes A, Ruivo M, Abad JL, Hagen F, Colom MF. Cryptococcus bacillisporus causing cryptococcoma of the beak of an African grey parrot ( Psittacus erithacus), Portugal. Med Mycol Case Rep 2021; 34:8-12. [PMID: 34522600 PMCID: PMC8427220 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a severe case of rhinothecal cryptococcoma in a 13-year-old female African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus). The bird was born and bred in captivity in Portugal. The beak was deformed and showed several round soft masses, and microscopic examination revealed the presence of cells suggestive for Cryptococcus. Phenotypic and molecular analyses identified the obtained yeast culture as C. bacillisporus (AFLP5/VGIII). By phylogenetic analysis the parrot strain clustered with clinical C. bacillisporus strains from Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carles Juan-Sallés
- Noah's Path. Veterinary Pathology Laboratory Specialising in Wildlife and Exotic Species, Elche, Spain
| | - Joana Mendes
- VetExóticos, Clínica Veterinaria, Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Mendes
- VetExóticos, Clínica Veterinaria, Almada, Portugal
| | | | - Juan L Abad
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, University Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan D'Alacant, Spain
| | - Ferry Hagen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria F Colom
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, University Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan D'Alacant, Spain.,Institute for Healthcare and Biomedical Research of Alicante, ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain
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Abad JL, Martí B, Martorell J. Diagnostic challenge: Dyspnea in a cockatiel. J Exot Pet Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2020.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang X, Chan FK, Parthasarathy T, Gazzola M. Modeling and simulation of complex dynamic musculoskeletal architectures. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4825. [PMID: 31645555 PMCID: PMC6811595 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural creatures, from fish and cephalopods to snakes and birds, combine neural control, sensory feedback and compliant mechanics to effectively operate across dynamic, uncertain environments. In order to facilitate the understanding of the biophysical mechanisms at play and to streamline their potential use in engineering applications, we present here a versatile numerical approach to the simulation of musculoskeletal architectures. It relies on the assembly of heterogenous, active and passive Cosserat rods into dynamic structures that model bones, tendons, ligaments, fibers and muscle connectivity. We demonstrate its utility in a range of problems involving biological and soft robotic scenarios across scales and environments: from the engineering of millimeter-long bio-hybrid robots to the synthesis and reconstruction of complex musculoskeletal systems. The versatility of this methodology offers a framework to aid forward and inverse bioengineering designs as well as fundamental discovery in the functioning of living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Fan Kiat Chan
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tejaswin Parthasarathy
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Mattia Gazzola
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Perez CR, Moye JK, Cacela D, Dean KM, Pritsos CA. Low level exposure to crude oil impacts avian flight performance: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill effect on migratory birds. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 146:98-103. [PMID: 28596040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill released 134 million gallons of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico making it the largest oil spill in US history. The three month oil spill left tens of thousands of birds dead; however, the fate of tens of thousands of other migratory birds that were affected but did not immediately die is unknown. We used the homing pigeon as a surrogate species for migratory birds to investigate the effects of a single external oiling event on the flight performance of birds. Data from GPS data loggers revealed that lightly oiled pigeons took significantly longer to return home and spent more time stopped en route than unoiled birds. This suggests that migratory birds affected by the oil spill could have experienced long term flight impairment and delayed arrival to breeding, wintering, or crucial stopover sites and subsequently suffered reductions in survival and reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, United States
| | - John K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, United States
| | | | | | - Chris A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, United States.
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Perez CR, Moye JK, Cacela D, Dean KM, Pritsos CA. Body mass change in flying homing pigeons externally exposed to Deepwater Horizon crude oil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 146:104-110. [PMID: 28526170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill contaminated thousands of miles of habitat valuable to hundreds of species of migratory and resident birds of the Gulf of Mexico. Many birds died as a direct result of the oil spill; however, the indirect effects of oil exposure on the flight ability and body condition of birds are difficult to assess in situ. This study utilizes the homing pigeon as a surrogate species for migratory birds to investigate the effect of multiple external oil exposures on the flight performance and body mass change of birds over a series of repeated flights from 136.8km flight distance. Oiled pigeons took significantly longer to return home, lost more weight during flight, and were unable to recover their weight, resulting in reduction of body weight overtime. Based on our data, migratory birds that were oiled, even partially, by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill likely took longer to complete migration and were likely in poor body condition, increasing their risk of mortality and reproductive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | - John K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | | | | | - Chris A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
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Perez CR, Moye JK, Cacela D, Dean KM, Pritsos CA. Homing pigeons externally exposed to Deepwater Horizon crude oil change flight performance and behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:530-539. [PMID: 28704750 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill was the largest in U.S. history, contaminating thousands of miles of coastal habitat and affecting the lives of many avian species. The Gulf of Mexico is a critical bird migration route area and migrants that were oiled but did not suffer mortality as a direct result of the spill faced unpredictable fates. This study utilized homing pigeons as a surrogate species for migratory birds to investigate the effects a single low level external oiling event has on the flight performance and behavior of birds flying repeated 161 km flights. Data from GPS data loggers showed that lightly oiled pigeons changed their flight paths, increased their flight durations by 2.6 fold, increased their flight distances by 28 km and subsequently decreased their route efficiencies. Oiled birds also exhibited reduced rate of weight gain between flights. Our data suggest that contaminated birds surviving the oil spill may have experienced flight impairment and reduced refueling abilities, likely reducing overall migration speed. Our findings contribute new information on how oil spills affect avian species, as the effects of oil on the flight behavior of long distance free-flying birds have not been previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
| | - John K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | | | | | - Chris A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
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