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Thapa P, Kim HM, Hong JP, Kim R, Paudel SB, Choi H, Jang DS, Nam JW. Absolute Quantification of Isoflavones in the Flowers of Pueraria lobata by qHNMR. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040548. [PMID: 35214881 PMCID: PMC8878989 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi. is a widely used medicinal plant in Korea, China, and Japan. The flower of P. lobata (Puerariae Flos) contains various bioactive substances such as triterpenoidal saponins and isoflavonoids. In this study, we developed a quantitative analysis of the isoflavones of Puerariae Flos by quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance (qHNMR) spectroscopy using the internal calibrant (IC). From the qHNMR results, the isoflavone content was found to be 7.99% and 10.57% for the MeOH sonication extract (PLs) and the MeOH reflux extract (PLr) of Puerariae Flos, respectively. The quantified isoflavone content was validated using the conventional analytical method, high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The present study shows that validated qHNMR spectroscopy is a reliable method for quantifying and standardizing the isoflavone content in Puerariae Flos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punam Thapa
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea; (P.T.); (S.B.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Hye Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Joon-Pyo Hong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.-P.H.); (R.K.)
| | - Ranhee Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.-P.H.); (R.K.)
| | - Sunil Babu Paudel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea; (P.T.); (S.B.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea; (P.T.); (S.B.P.); (H.C.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.-P.H.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.J.); (J.-W.N.)
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea; (P.T.); (S.B.P.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.J.); (J.-W.N.)
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Wang S, Zhang S, Wang S, Gao P, Dai L. A comprehensive review on Pueraria: Insights on its chemistry and medicinal value. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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3
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Li H, He J, Yin R, Mou Q, Bai Y, Yang B. Green, infrared‐assisted extraction based on statistical modeling for ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography determination of bioactive isoflavones from
Puerariae Lobatae. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Jingxia He
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
- College of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Rongli Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
- College of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Mou
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
- College of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Bai
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
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Liu X, Zhao W, Wang W, Lin S, Yang L. Puerarin suppresses LPS-induced breast cancer cell migration, invasion and adhesion by blockage NF-κB and Erk pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:429-436. [PMID: 28558356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for the development and metastatic progression of breast cancer. Puerarin has long been used as traditional Chinese medicine, which possesses manifold physiological activities, including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer activities. However, its anti-cancer metastasis activity in breast cancer cell inflammation-mediated have not been studied. METHODS Cell viability was detected with Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8. Transwell migration and invasion assay were performed to evaluate cell migration and invasion, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to analysis the expression of inflammatory factor. In addition, mRNA and protein levels of related cytokines were determined by qRT- PCR assay and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS In this study, puerarin significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell migration, invasion and adhesion. The mRNA and protein levels revealed that puerarin treatment effectively negated the expression of CCR7, CXCR4, MMP-2, MMP-9, ICAM and VCAM in LPS- activated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Further, the expression of inflammatory factor TNF-α and IL-6 in cell culture supernatant remarkably reduced. Finally, the result indicated that puerarin abrogated the NF-κB activation in breast cancer cells stimulated by LPS, which is mediated through inhibition of phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα. Also, puerarin inhibited phosphorylation of Erk in breast cancer cells LPS-induced. CONCLUSIONS This present study revealed that puerarin might be a novel therapeutic drug for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxiang Liu
- Inspection Center, Huai'an No 4 People's Hospital, Huai'an 223002, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Laboratory, Huai'an Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223002, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210000, China.
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Mucoadhesive microparticles for gastroretentive delivery: preparation, biodistribution and targeting evaluation. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:5764-87. [PMID: 25470180 PMCID: PMC4278200 DOI: 10.3390/md12125764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to prepare and characterize alginate-chitosan mucoadhesive microparticles containing puerarin. The microparticles were prepared by an emulsification-internal gelatin method using a combination of chitosan and Ca2+ as cationic components and alginate as anions. Surface morphology, particle size, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency and swelling ratio, in vitro drug released, in vitro evaluation of mucoadhesiveness and Fluorescence imaging of the gastrointestinal tract were determined. After optimization of the formulation, the encapsulation efficiency was dramatically increased from 70.3% to 99.2%, and a highly swelling ratio was achieved with a change in particle size from 50.3 ± 11.2 μm to 124.7 ± 25.6 μm. In ethanol induced gastric ulcers, administration of puerarin mucoadhesive microparticles at doses of 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 450 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg body weight prior to ethanol ingestion significantly protected the stomach ulceration. Consequently, significant changes were observed in inflammatory cytokines, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin1β (IL-1β), in stomach tissues compared with the ethanol control group. In conclusion, core-shell type pH-sensitive mucoadhesive microparticles loaded with puerarin could enhance puerarin bioavailability and have the potential to alleviate ethanol-mediated gastric ulcers.
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A polysaccharide isolated from Pueraria lobata enhances maturation of murine dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 52:184-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kayano SI, Matsumura Y, Kitagawa Y, Kobayashi M, Nagayama A, Kawabata N, Kikuzaki H, Kitada Y. Isoflavone C-glycosides isolated from the root of kudzu (Pueraria lobata) and their estrogenic activities. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang R, Hu Y, Yuan J, Wu D. Effects of Puerariae radix extract on the increasing intestinal permeability in rat with alcohol-induced liver injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 126:207-214. [PMID: 19735712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Puerariae radix, as an edible plant, has been used for centuries in China to treat alcohol-related problems, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, the mechanisms of Puerariae radix on the liver-protective effect have not been fully explored. Because an increased intestinal permeability is a major factor for ALD, the present study investigates whether Puerariae radix extract (PRE) inhibits ALD through prevention of alterations in intestinal permeability. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used an animal model of chronic alcohol-induced liver injury that is associated with increased intestinal permeability. Male Wistar rats were given increasing alcohol doses from 2 g/kg/d to 8 g/kg/d and alcohol plus PRE via intragastric feeding for 10 weeks. Chronic alcohol exposure caused an elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as well as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and hepatic damages including steatosis, inflammation, and necrosis, determined by serum enzymatic analysis and morphological analysis, respectively. The damage to small intestine induced by chronic alcohol treatment was examined by intestinal histological, immunohistochemical analysis, and permeability assays. RESULTS Alcohol-induced hepatic pathological changes, elevations in ALT and AST, and a decrease in SOD activity were significantly inhibited in PRE treated animals. The inhibitory effect of PRE on alcohol-induced liver injury was associated with suppression of alcohol induced the increase of intestinal permeability. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that this beneficial effect of PRE on ALD could be partly explained by improving intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Kim SH, Heo JH, Kim YS, Kang SS, Choi JS, Lee SM. Protective effect of daidzin against D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatic failure in mice. Phytother Res 2009; 23:701-6. [PMID: 19107740 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of daidzin, a major isoflavone from Puerariae Radix, on D-galactosamine (D-GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver failure. Mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of daidzin (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) 1 h before receiving an injection of D-GalN (700 mg/kg)/LPS (10 microg/kg). Daidzin markedly reduced the elevated serum aminotransferase activity and the levels of lipid peroxidation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The glutathione content was lower in the D-GalN/LPS group, which was attenuated by daidzin. The daidzin pretreatment attenuated the swollen mitochondria observed in the d-GalN/LPS group. Daidzin attenuated the apoptosis of hepatocytes, which was confirmed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling method and a caspase-3 assay. Overall, these results suggest that the liver protection of daidzin is due to reduced oxidative stress and its antiapoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hwa Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, Korea
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Puerariae radix isoflavones and their metabolites inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 378:683-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.10.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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A convenient preparation of a disaccharide motif and its role in the cytotoxicity of the triterpenoid saponin, α-hederin. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:555-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-1192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Yarnell
- Botanical Medicine Academy, Vashon, Washington and Bastyr University, Kenmore, Washington
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Bang SC, Seo HH, Yun HY, Jung SH. Facile Synthesis of Trisaccharide Moiety Corresponding to Antitumor Activity in Triterpenoid Saponins Isolated from Pullsatilla Roots. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:1734-9. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.1734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyun-Hee Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University
| | - Hwi-Yeol Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University
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Huh JE, Yang HR, Park DS, Choi DY, Baek YH, Cho EM, Cho YJ, Kang-Il K, Kim DY, Lee JD. Puerariae radix promotes differentiation and mineralization in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 104:345-50. [PMID: 16455216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2005] [Revised: 09/15/2005] [Accepted: 09/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Puerariae radix (PR) is a traditional medicine herb used for enhancing body resistance against various diseases. The aim of this study was to identify whether Puerariae radix extract induces osteogenic activity in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. Puerariae radix had no effect on the viability of osteoblastic cells, and dose-dependently increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Puerariae radix markedly increased mRNA expression for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and type I collagen (Col I) in SaOS-2 cells. Extracellular accumulation of proteins such as VEGF and Col I was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Also, Puerariae radix significantly induced mineralization in the culture of SaOS-2 cells. In conclusion, this study showed that Puerariae radix had no effect on viability, but enhanced ALP activity, VEGF, bone matrix proteins such as OCN, OPN, and Col I, and mineralization in SaOS-2 cells. These results propose that Puerariae radix can play an important role in osteoblastic bone formation, and may possibly lead to the development of bone-forming drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Huh
- Oriental Medicine Research Center for Bone & Joint Disease, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Kang KA, Chae S, Koh YS, Kim JS, Lee JH, You HJ, Hyun JW. Protective effect of puerariae radix on oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide and streptozotocin. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:1154-60. [PMID: 15997089 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the protective effect of Puerariae radix against the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and streptozotocin in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The ethanol extract scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and prevented lipid peroxidation. This radical scavenging activity of the ethanol extract protected the cell viability of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells exposed to H2O2. Furthermore, this extract reduced the formation of apoptotic cells induced by H2O2, which was demonstrated by the decreased number of sub G(1) hypo-diploid cells and apoptotic cell body formation. The extract increased the activities of the cellular antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Administration of the extract to the streptozotocin induced diabetic rats decreased the blood glucose levels. The diabetic rats showed low activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the liver, and the ethanol extract increased the CAT activity. The increased level of lipid peroxidation in the diabetic rats reverted to near normal levels after being treated with the extract. This study showed that Puerariae radix was effective in the amelioration of diabetes, which may be a consequence of its antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ah Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Applied Radiological Science Research Institute, Cheju National University, Korea
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Abstract
AIM: To examine the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on alcohol-induced fatty liver in rats. TCM consists of Astragalus membranaceus, Morus alba, Crataegus pinnatifida, Alisma orientale, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Pueraria lobata.
METHODS: The rats were separated randomly into five groups. One (the CD group) was fed a control diet for 10 wk, another (the ED group) fed an ethanol-containing isocaloric liquid diet for 10 wk, and the last three (the TCM group) were fed an ethanol-containing isocaloric liquid diet for 10 wk and dosed orally with TCM (222 mg/kg•d, TCM222; 667 mg/kg•d, TCM667; and 2 000 mg/kg•d, TCM2000, respectively) weekly during the last 4 wk.
RESULTS: ED group developed fatty liver according to lipid profile and liver histological findings. Compared with the control group, liver/body weight, serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), liver TG and TC, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartic aminotran-sferase (AST) significantly increased in the ED group. Whereas, in the rats administered with TCM, liver/body weight, serum TG and TC, liver TG and TC, serum ALT and AST were significantly decreased, and the degree of hepatic lipid droplets was markedly improved compared with those in the ED group.
CONCLUSION: TCM treatment causes significant reduction in alcohol-induced lipid hepatic accumulation, reversing fatty liver and liver damage, and can be used as a remedy for alcoholic fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jeong Kwon
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
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Kwon HJ, Hyun SH, Choung SY. Traditional Chinese Medicine improves dysfunction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein on abnormalities in lipid metabolism in ethanol-fed rats. Biofactors 2005; 23:163-76. [PMID: 16410638 DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520230305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on alcohol-induced fatty liver in rats. TCM consists of Astragalus membranaceus, Morus alba, Crataegus pinnatifida, Alisma oriental, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Pueraria lobata. The rats were separated randomly into five groups; the CD group (n=10), which was fed a control diet for 10 weeks, the ED group (n=10), which was fed an isocaloric liquid diet containing ethanol for 10 weeks and given daily oral doses of TCM (0.222 g/kg/day; TCM222, 0.667 g/kg/day; TCM667, and 2.000 g/kg/day; TCM2000, n=10, respectively) over the last four weeks of the study. The ED group developed fatty livers, as determined by their lipid profiles and liver histological findings. Compared with the control group, liver/body weight, plasma triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), liver TG and TC, plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartic aminotransferase (AST) significantly increased in the ED group. Also, free fatty acids (FFA) levels increased in both plasma and liver during the administration of ethanol. On the other hand, when rats were administrated with TCM, their liver/body weight, plasma TG, TC and FFA, liver TG, TC and FFA, plasma ALT and AST decreased significantly and the degree of hepatic lipid droplets was markedly improved compared with those in the ED group. Proper function of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is essential for the regulation of hepatic fatty acid metabolism. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is essential for the secretion of triglycerides from the liver. mRNAs for PPARalpha and MTP were reduced in the livers of ethanol-fed rats. TCM restored the mRNA levels of PPARalpha and MTP, and prevented development of fatty livers in ethanol-fed rats. Impairment of PPARalpha and MTP function during ethanol consumption contributes to the development of alcohol-induced fatty liver, which can be overcome by TCM.
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MESH Headings
- Alanine Transaminase/blood
- Animals
- Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/physiology
- Cholesterol/analysis
- Cholesterol/blood
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Ethanol/administration & dosage
- Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/analysis
- Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood
- Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/drug therapy
- Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/metabolism
- Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/pathology
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Liver/chemistry
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Medicine, Chinese Traditional
- Microsomes, Liver/chemistry
- PPAR alpha/genetics
- PPAR alpha/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Triglycerides/analysis
- Triglycerides/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Kwon
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Kwon HJ, Kim YY, Choung SY. Effects of Natural Product Extract on the Fatty Liver Induced by Alcohol Diet in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.50.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Kwon
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Yun-Young Kim
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Se Young Choung
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
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Kinjo J, Hirakawa T, Tsuchihashi R, Nagao T, Okawa M, Nohara T, Okabe H. Hepatoprotective constituents in plants. 14. Effects of soyasapogenol B, sophoradiol, and their glucuronides on the cytotoxicity of tert-butyl hydroperoxide to HepG2 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2003; 26:1357-60. [PMID: 12951488 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of soyasapogenol B, sophoradiol, their glucuronides, and glycyrrhizin on the hepatotoxicity of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) in a human-liver-derived cell line (HepG2 cells) were investigated. Glycyrrhizin showed significant dose-dependent protective effects against the cytotoxicity of t-BuOOH. Among soyasapogenol B and its glucuronides, the monoglucuronide showed the most potent hepatoprotective activity, followed by soyasapogenol B itself. Soyasaponin III was weakly protective, while soyasaponin I increased the toxicity of t-BuOOH. Among sophoradiol and its glucuronides, sophoradiol itself showed the most potent hepatoprotective activity, which was equal to glycyrrhizin, while the monoglucuronide and kaikasaponin III showed an increase in cytotoxicity. These results were considerably different from those reported previously on the protective effects of these compounds using primary cultures of immunologically injured rat liver cells. Consequently, the hepatoprotective action of the triterpene derivatives investigated would be different in HepG2 cells and in rat primary hepatocyte cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junei Kinjo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Japan.
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Kim C, Shin S, Ha H, Kim JM. Study of substance changes in flowers of Pueraria thunbergiana Benth. during storage. Arch Pharm Res 2003; 26:210-3. [PMID: 12723934 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Puerariae Flos is a traditional herbal medicine that has long been used as a treatment for colds, diabetes, and hangovers. The herbal medicine contains a wide variety of isoflavones such as kakkalide, tectoridin, and tectorigenin. This study demonstrates that the substances undergo a certain degree of change depending on the storage period by the method of HPLC and 13C-NMR, and that the HPLC analysis can be used to determine the freshness of Puerariae Flos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungsook Kim
- Drug Research and Development Team, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 129-11 Chungdam-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul 135-100, Korea.
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Park KY, Jung GO, Choi J, Lee KT, Park HJ. Potent antimutagenic and their anti-lipid peroxidative effect of kaikasaponin III and tectorigenin from the flower of Pueraria thunbergiana. Arch Pharm Res 2002; 25:320-4. [PMID: 12135104 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The MeOH extract of Pueraria thunbergiana (Leguminosae) flowers and its fractions were subjected to Ames test to test the antimutagenicity. EtOAc fraction (1 mg/plate) decreased the number of revertants of Salmonella typhymurium TA100 by 95% against aflatoxin B, (AFB1). Phytochemical isolation of the EtOAc fraction afforded four isoflavonoids (tectorigenin, glycitein, tectoridin and glycitin) and one saponin (kaikasaponin III). Though the three isoflavonoids other than tectoridin showed significant antimutagenicity, the activity of kaikasaponin III was the most potent. Kaikasaponin III (1 mg/plate) decreased the number of revertants of S. typhymurium TA100 by 99% against AFB, but by 75% against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Tectorigenin (1 mg/plate) inhibited the AFB1-induced mutagenicity by 90% and MNNG-induced one by 76%. Glycitein and glycitin were less active than tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III. This result suggested that kaikasponin III prevents the metabolic activation of AFB1 and scavenge electrophilic intermediate capable of mutation. The two components with potent activities, tectorigenin and kaikasaonin III, significantly prevented the malondialdehyde formation caused by bromobenzene in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Young Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Korea
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Rao AV, Gurfinkel DM. The bioactivity of saponins: triterpenoid and steroidal glycosides. DRUG METABOLISM AND DRUG INTERACTIONS 2001; 17:211-35. [PMID: 11201296 DOI: 10.1515/dmdi.2000.17.1-4.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Triterpenoid and steroidal glycosides, referred to collectively as saponins, are bioactive compounds present naturally in many plants. They have considerable potential as pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical agents in natural or synthetic form. Saponins, from a variety of sources, have been shown to have hypocholesterolemic, anti-coagulant, anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. This paper reviews saponin research of the last decade, focussing on developments in understanding their mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships. Virtually all of this work has used animal and in vitro models. To date there are very few human data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Rao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Lee KT, Sohn IC, Kim DH, Choi JW, Kwon SH, Park HJ. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III in the streptozotocin-lnduced diabetic rat and their antioxidant activity in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2000; 23:461-6. [PMID: 11059824 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III from the flowers of Pueraria thunbergiana showed potent hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Intraperitoneal administration of these two compounds with 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively, for seven days to streptozotocin-induced rats significantly reduced the blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL- and VLDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels when compared with those of control group. Glycitein in which 5-OH is unlinked and tectoridin (7-O-glycoside of tectorigenin) isolated from the flowers of P. thunbergiana did not improve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. In addition, tectorigenin showed in vitro antioxidant effects on 1,1diphenyl-2-pirylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, xanthine-xanthine oxidase superoxide anion radical, and lipid peroxidation in rat microsomes induced by enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods. We further found that tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III protected the Vero cell line (normal monkey kidney) from injury by hydrogen peroxide. From these findings, it seems likely that the antioxidant action of tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III may alleviate the streptozotocin-induced toxicity and contribute to hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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