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Rokitskaya TI, Kotova EA, Agapov II, Moisenovich MM, Antonenko YN. Unsaturated lipids protect the integral membrane peptide gramicidin A from singlet oxygen. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:1590-5. [PMID: 24613917 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to expectations that unsaturated fatty acids contribute to oxidative stress by providing a source of lipid peroxides, we demonstrated the protective effect of double bonds in lipids on oxidative damage to membrane proteins. Photodynamic inactivation of gramicidin channels was decreased in unsaturated lipid compared to saturated lipid bilayers. By estimating photosensitizer (boronated chlorine e6 amide) binding to the membrane with the current relaxation technique, the decrease in gramicidin photoinactivation was attributed to singlet oxygen scavenging by double bonds in lipids rather than to the reduction in photosensitizer binding. Gramicidin protection by unsaturated lipids was also observed upon induction of oxidative stress with tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana I Rokitskaya
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Elena A Kotova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Igor I Agapov
- Biological Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Academician V.I.Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail M Moisenovich
- Biological Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri N Antonenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Patel BP, Safdar A, Raha S, Tarnopolsky MA, Hamadeh MJ. Caloric restriction shortens lifespan through an increase in lipid peroxidation, inflammation and apoptosis in the G93A mouse, an animal model of ALS. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9386. [PMID: 20195368 PMCID: PMC2827549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) extends lifespan through a reduction in oxidative stress, delays the onset of morbidity and prolongs lifespan. We previously reported that long-term CR hastened clinical onset, disease progression and shortened lifespan, while transiently improving motor performance in G93A mice, a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that shows increased free radical production. To investigate the long-term CR-induced pathology in G93A mice, we assessed the mitochondrial bioenergetic efficiency and oxidative capacity (CS--citrate synthase content and activity, cytochrome c oxidase--COX activity and protein content of COX subunit-I and IV and UCP3-uncoupling protein 3), oxidative damage (MDA--malondialdehyde and PC--protein carbonyls), antioxidant enzyme capacity (Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD and catalase), inflammation (TNF-alpha), stress response (Hsp70) and markers of apoptosis (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 9, cleaved caspase 9) in their skeletal muscle. At age 40 days, G93A mice were divided into two groups: Ad libitum (AL; n = 14; 7 females) or CR (n = 13; 6 females), with a diet equal to 60% of AL. COX/CS enzyme activity was lower in CR vs. AL male quadriceps (35%), despite a 2.3-fold higher COX-IV/CS protein content. UCP3 was higher in CR vs. AL females only. MnSOD and Cu/Zn-SOD were higher in CR vs. AL mice and CR vs. AL females. MDA was higher (83%) in CR vs. AL red gastrocnemius. Conversely, PC was lower in CR vs. AL red (62%) and white (30%) gastrocnemius. TNF-alpha was higher (52%) in CR vs. AL mice and Hsp70 was lower (62%) in CR vs. AL quadriceps. Bax was higher in CR vs. AL mice (41%) and CR vs. AL females (52%). Catalase, Bcl-2 and caspases did not differ. We conclude that CR increases lipid peroxidation, inflammation and apoptosis, while decreasing mitochondrial bioenergetic efficiency, protein oxidation and stress response in G93A mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barkha P. Patel
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adeel Safdar
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A. Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mazen J. Hamadeh
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Feng J, Navratil M, Thompson LV, Arriaga EA. Principal component analysis reveals age-related and muscle-type-related differences in protein carbonyl profiles of muscle mitochondria. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2008; 63:1277-88. [PMID: 19126840 PMCID: PMC3038117 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/63.12.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonyl-modified proteins are considered markers of oxidative damage caused by oxidative stress, aging, and disease. Here we use a previously developed capillary electrophoretic method for detecting femtomole (10(-15) mole) carbonyl levels in mitochondrial proteins that are size separated and profiled. For protein labeling, carbonyls were tagged with Alexa 488 hydrazine and amine groups in proteins with 3-(2-furoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde. Total mitochondrial protein carbonyl levels were statistically higher in fast- than in slow-twitch muscle of young Fischer 344 rats, and statistically higher in old than in young slow-twitch muscle. Even when some statistical comparisons of the total protein carbonyl levels would not reveal differences, principal component analysis (PCA) classified the carbonyl profiles into four distinct sample groups of different age and muscle types. In addition, PCA was used to predict that most age-related or muscle-type-related changes in carbonyl levels occur in proteins with a molecular weight between 9.8 and 11.7 kD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Takemura N, Takahashi K, Tanaka H, Ihara Y, Ikemoto A, Fujii Y, Okuyama H. Dietary, but not Topical, Alpha-linolenic Acid Suppresses UVB-induced Skin Injury in Hairless Mice when Compared with Linoleic Acid¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0760657dbntal2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pamplona R, Portero-Otin M, Sanz A, Requena J, Barja G. Modification of the longevity-related degree of fatty acid unsaturation modulates oxidative damage to proteins and mitochondrial DNA in liver and brain. Exp Gerontol 2004; 39:725-33. [PMID: 15130667 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2004.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2003] [Revised: 01/13/2004] [Accepted: 01/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that tissue fatty acid unsaturation correlates inversely with maximum longevity. However, it is unclear if this is related to the effects of fatty acid unsaturation only on lipids, or also on proteins and DNA, specially on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) oxidative damage. In this investigation the degree of fatty acid unsaturation of liver and brain was successfully manipulated in Wistar rats by chronic feeding with specially designed semipurified diets rich in saturated or unsaturated fats. The brain, an organ of special relevance for aging, was most profoundly affected by the increase in fatty acid unsaturation, and showed significant increases in malondialdehyde (MDA)-lysine, aminoadipic semialdehyde (a protein carbonyl), N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine, and N(epsilon)-(carboxyethyl)lysine in proteins, as well as in 8-oxo,7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in mtDNA without changes in nuclear DNA (nDNA). In the liver 8-oxodG was also increased in mtDNA and not in nDNA. These DNA results are consistent with the presence of a high density of mitochondrial inner membranes (rich in lipids and in reactive oxygen species generation capacity) near mtDNA but not near nDNA. Among the protein markers analyzed, MDA-lysine was most consistent and responsive to fatty acid unsaturation, since it increased in both organs and showed the highest increase. These results, together with previous data from our laboratories, show that increasing the degree of fatty unsaturation of postmitotic tissues in vivo can raise not only lipid but also protein and mtDNA oxidative damage. This is mechanistically relevant in relation to the constitutively low tissue fatty acid unsaturation of long-lived animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
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Takemura N, Takahashi K, Tanaka H, Ihara Y, Ikemoto A, Fujii Y, Okuyama H. Dietary, but not topical, alpha-linolenic acid suppresses UVB-induced skin injury in hairless mice when compared with linoleic acids. Photochem Photobiol 2002; 76:657-63. [PMID: 12511046 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)076<0657:dbntal>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidizability of fatty acids in the air is roughly proportional to the number of double bonds, but in vivo peroxidation proceeds in a more complex manner. Here, we compared the effects of dietary and topically applied oils enriched with linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) or alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) on UV-induced skin injury in a strain of hairless mice. The UVB-induced erythema score was significantly lower in mice with topically applied creams containing LA and ALA than in mice with the basal cream; no significant increase in the score was detected in the ALA group compared with the LA group. However, dietary ALA inhibited the increase in erythema score after UVB irradiation compared with LA. The peroxidizability index of the skin total lipids was significantly higher, but UVB-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was significantly lower in the group fed an ALA-rich diet compared with the group fed an LA-rich diet. The levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, estimated in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene in the assay mixture, were not affected by UVB treatment or by the dietary fatty acids, but the severity of the skin lesion was associated with PGE2 levels. These results indicate that the type of fatty acids, n-6 or n-3, is critical for the suppression of UVB-induced skin lesion when the skin fatty acids are modified by dietary manipulation. Anti-inflammatory activity of dietary flaxseed oil with relatively high ALA and low LA contents was demonstrated in UVB-irradiated hairless mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Takemura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Mizuhoku, Nagoya, Japan
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Radák Z, Takahashi R, Kumiyama A, Nakamoto H, Ohno H, Ookawara T, Goto S. Effect of aging and late onset dietary restriction on antioxidant enzymes and proteasome activities, and protein carbonylation of rat skeletal muscle and tendon. Exp Gerontol 2002; 37:1423-30. [PMID: 12559411 DOI: 10.1016/s0531-5565(02)00116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that lifelong dietary restriction (DR) can retard aging processes. Very few reports, however, are found that examined the effect of late onset DR on biochemical parameters in aging animals [Goto, S., Takahashi, R., Araki, S., Nakamoto, H., 2002b. Dietary restriction initiated in late adulthood can reverse age-related alterations of protein and protein metabolism. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 959, 50-56]. We studied the effect of every-other-day feeding, initiated at the age of 26.5 months and continued for 3.5 months, on antioxidant enzymes, protein carbonyls, and proteasomes of the gastrocnemius muscle and tendon in rats. Age-related increase in the activity and content of Cu, Zn-SOD and the content of Mn-SOD was attenuated by the DR in both tissues. The same was true for glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. Significant increase with age in protein reactive carbonyl derivatives (RCD) in the tendon was noted that was partially reversed by the DR. No significant change of RCD, however, was observed in the skeletal muscle. The age-related and DR-induced changes of the RCD in the tendon appeared to be associated with proteasome activity that decreases with age and increases by the DR. It is suggested that the late onset DR can have beneficial effects on the locomotive functions by reducing age-associated potentially detrimental oxidative protein damage in the tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radák
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Lipid and protein oxidation in microsomal fraction from turkeys: influence of dietary fat and vitamin E supplementation. Meat Sci 2001; 58:125-34. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(00)00138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2000] [Revised: 10/18/2000] [Accepted: 10/19/2000] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Portero-Otín M, Bellmunt MJ, Ruiz MC, Barja G, Pamplona R. Correlation of fatty acid unsaturation of the major liver mitochondrial phospholipid classes in mammals to their maximum life span potential. Lipids 2001; 36:491-8. [PMID: 11432462 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-001-0748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Free radical damage is considered a determinant factor in the rate of aging. Unsaturated fatty acids are the tissue macromolecules that are most sensitive to oxidative damage. Therefore, the presence of low proportions of fatty acid unsaturation is expected in the tissues of long-lived animals. Accordingly, the fatty acid compositions of the major liver mitochondrial phospholipid classes from eight mammals, ranging in maximum life span potential (MLSP) from 3.5 to 46 yr, show that the total number of double bonds is inversely correlated with MLSP in both phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) (r = 0.757, P < 0.03, and r = 0.862, P < 0.006, respectively), but not in cardiolipin (P = 0.323). This is due not to a low content of unsaturated fatty acids in long-lived animals, but mainly to a redistribution between kinds of fatty acids on PtdCho and PtdEtn, shifting from arachidonic (r = 0.911, P < 0.002, and r = 0.681, P = 0.05, respectively), docosahexaenoic (r = 0.931 and r = 0.965, P < 0.0001, respectively) and palmitic (r = 0.944 and r = 0.974, P < 0.0001, respectively) acids to linoleic acid (r = 0.942, P < 0.0001, for PtdCho; and r = 0.957, P < 0.0001, for PtdEtn). For cardiolipin, only arachidonic acid showed a significantly inverse correlation with MLSP (r = 0.904, P < 0.002). This pattern strongly suggests the presence of a species-specific desaturation pathway and deacylation-reacylation cycle in determining the mitochondrial membrane composition, maintaining a low degree of fatty acid unsaturation in long-lived animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Portero-Otín
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Naskalski
- Department of Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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