1
|
Gairola A, Benjamin A, Weatherston JD, Cirillo JD, Wu HJ. Recent Developments in Drug Delivery for Treatment of Tuberculosis by Targeting Macrophages. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022; 5:2100193. [PMID: 36203881 PMCID: PMC9531895 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is among the greatest public health and safety concerns in the 21st century, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes TB, infects alveolar macrophages and uses these cells as one of its primary sites of replication. The current TB treatment regimen, which consist of chemotherapy involving a combination of 3-4 antimicrobials for a duration of 6-12 months, is marked with significant side effects, toxicity, and poor compliance. Targeted drug delivery offers a strategy that could overcome many of the problems of current TB treatment by specifically targeting infected macrophages. Recent advances in nanotechnology and material science have opened an avenue to explore drug carriers that actively and passively target macrophages. This approach can increase the drug penetration into macrophages by using ligands on the nanocarrier that interact with specific receptors for macrophages. This review encompasses the recent development of drug carriers specifically targeting macrophages actively and passively. Future directions and challenges associated with development of effective TB treatment is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Gairola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron Benjamin
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Joshua D Weatherston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Cirillo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Hung-Jen Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang J, Yi T. A Novel Solid Nanocrystals Self-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion Prepared by Spray-Drying with Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as Carriers. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061809. [PMID: 33806952 PMCID: PMC8004820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A drug nanocrystals self-stabilized Pickering emulsion (NSSPE) with a unique composition and microstructure has been proven to significantly increase the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. This study aimed to develop a new solid NSSPE of puerarin preserving the original microstructure of NSSPE by spray-drying. A series of water-soluble solid carriers were compared and then Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the parameters of spray-drying. The drug release and stability of the optimized solid NSSPE in vitro were also investigated. The results showed that hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), rather than solid carriers commonly used in solidification of traditional Pickering emulsions, was suitable for the solid NSSPE to retain the original appearance and size of emulsion droplets after reconstitution. The amount of HP-β-CD had more influences on the solid NSSPE than the feed rate and the inlet air temperature. Fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the reconstituted emulsion of the solid NSSPE prepared with HP-β-CD had the same core-shell structure with a core of oil and a shell of puerarin nanocrystals as the liquid NSSPE. The particle size of puerarin nanocrystal sand interfacial adsorption rate also did not change significantly. The cumulative amount of released puerarin from the solid NSSPE had no significant difference compared with the liquid NSSPE, which were both significantly higher than that of puerarin crude material. The solid NSSPE was stable for 3 months under the accelerated condition of 75% relative humidity and 40 °C. Thus, it is possible todevelop the solid NSSPE preserving the unique microstructure and the superior properties in vitro of the liquid NSSPE for poorly soluble drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jifen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (T.Y.); Tel.: +816-23-68251225 (J.Z.); +853-85-99-3471 (T.Y.)
| | - Yanhua Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Jirui Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China;
| | - Tao Yi
- Macao Polytechnic Institute, School of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao 00853, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (T.Y.); Tel.: +816-23-68251225 (J.Z.); +853-85-99-3471 (T.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang HJ, Wang D, Wen X, Weiner DM, Via LE. One Size Fits All? Not in In Vivo Modeling of Tuberculosis Chemotherapeutics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:613149. [PMID: 33796474 PMCID: PMC8008060 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.613149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem despite almost universal efforts to provide patients with highly effective chemotherapy, in part, because many infected individuals are not diagnosed and treated, others do not complete treatment, and a small proportion harbor Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains that have become resistant to drugs in the standard regimen. Development and approval of new drugs for TB have accelerated in the last 10 years, but more drugs are needed due to both Mtb's development of resistance and the desire to shorten therapy to 4 months or less. The drug development process needs predictive animal models that recapitulate the complex pathology and bacterial burden distribution of human disease. The human host response to pulmonary infection with Mtb is granulomatous inflammation usually resulting in contained lesions and limited bacterial replication. In those who develop progressive or active disease, regions of necrosis and cavitation can develop leading to lasting lung damage and possible death. This review describes the major vertebrate animal models used in evaluating compound activity against Mtb and the disease presentation that develops. Each of the models, including the zebrafish, various mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and non-human primates provides data on number of Mtb bacteria and pathology resolution. The models where individual lesions can be dissected from the tissue or sampled can also provide data on lesion-specific bacterial loads and lesion-specific drug concentrations. With the inclusion of medical imaging, a compound's effect on resolution of pathology within individual lesions and animals can also be determined over time. Incorporation of measurement of drug exposure and drug distribution within animals and their tissues is important for choosing the best compounds to push toward the clinic and to the development of better regimens. We review the practical aspects of each model and the advantages and limitations of each in order to promote choosing a rational combination of them for a compound's development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jeong Yang
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Decheng Wang
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Danielle M Weiner
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States.,Tuberculosis Imaging Program, DIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Laura E Via
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States.,Tuberculosis Imaging Program, DIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|