An Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor suppresses cellular swelling and neuronal death induced by glutamate in cultured cortical neurons.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA. SUPPLEMENT 2003;
86:223-6. [PMID:
14753440 DOI:
10.1007/978-3-7091-0651-8_48]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of a selective Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, SM-20220 (N-(aminoiminomethyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole-2-carboxamide methanesulfonate), on neuronal death induced by glutamate in rat cortical neurons. Morphological changes in neurons were observed with a differential interference contrast microscope, and cellular swelling was analysed. Neuronal death was assessed by staining the cell with propidium iodide. The intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and the intracellular pH were measured by fluorescence imaging with fluo-3/AM as an indicator for [Ca2+]i and BCECF/AM for pH, respectively. SM-20220 (0.3 to 30 nM) dose-dependently attenuated glutamate (300 microM)-induced neuronal death in a dose-dependent fashion over 6 hours, and inhibited acute cellular swelling following glutamate (100 microM) exposure. SM-20220 suppressed the persistent [Ca2+]i increase following glutamate (500 microM) exposure, and inhibited intracellular acidification induced by glutamate (1 mM). The activation of the Na+/H+ exchanger system may enhance the progress of cerebral damage and oedema following glutamate exposure. SM-20220, a Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, suppressed neuronal death and cellular swelling induced by glutamate through inhibition of both Ca2+ influx and acidification in neurons.
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