1
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Liang H, Chen X, Li Q, Zhang M, Lu P, Zhang J, Song J, Zhang T, Guo B, Ma B. Dammarane-type triterpenoids from Gynostemma longipes and their protective activities on hypoxia-induced injury in PC12 cells. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:466-480. [PMID: 38796219 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Sixteen new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins (1-16) featuring diverse structural variations in the side chain at C-17, along with twenty-one known analogues (17-37), have been isolated from the rhizomes of Gynostemma longipes C. Y. Wu, a plant renowned for its medicinal and edible properties. The structural elucidation of these compounds was accomplished through comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS spectroscopic data, supplemented by comparison with previously reported data. Subsequent assays on the isolates for their protective effects against hypoxia-induced damage in pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) revealed that nine saponins exhibited significant anti-hypoxic activities. Further investigation into the anti-hypoxia mechanisms of the representative saponins demonstrated that compounds 22 and 36 markedly reduced the levels of hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Additionally, these compounds were found to decrease the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), thereby indicating that the saponins could mitigate hypoxia-induced injuries by ameliorating apoptosis and oxidative stress. These findings offer substantial evidence for the future utilization and development of G. longipes, identifying dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins as its active anti-hypoxic constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Pengxin Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- AnKang Chia Tai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaanxi 725000, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
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2
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Ahmed A, Saleem MA, Saeed F, Afzaal M, Imran A, Nadeem M, Ambreen S, Imran M, Hussain M, Al Jbawi E. Gynostemma pentaphyllum an immortal herb with promising therapeutic potential: a comprehensive review on its phytochemistry and pharmacological perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2185566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmed
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais Saleem
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, AJ&K, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Ambreen
- University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Food Science andTechnology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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3
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Kou Y, Chen X, Yang J, Zhang H, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Zhao G, Li Z. Diploid chromosome-level reference genome and population genomic analyses provide insights into Gypenoside biosynthesis and demographic evolution of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Cucurbitaceae). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac231. [PMID: 36643751 PMCID: PMC9832869 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a perennial creeping herbaceous plant in the family Cucurbitaceae, which has great medicinal value and commercial potential, but urgent conservation efforts are needed due to the gradual decreases and fragmented distribution of its wild populations. Here, we report the high-quality diploid chromosome-level genome of G. pentaphyllum obtained using a combination of next-generation sequencing short reads, Nanopore long reads, and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The genome is anchored to 11 pseudo-chromosomes with a total size of 608.95 Mb and 26 588 predicted genes. Comparative genomic analyses indicate that G. pentaphyllum is estimated to have diverged from Momordica charantia 60.7 million years ago, with no recent whole-genome duplication event. Genomic population analyses based on genotyping-by-sequencing and ecological niche analyses indicated low genetic diversity but a strong population structure within the species, which could classify 32 G. pentaphyllum populations into three geographical groups shaped jointly by geographic and climate factors. Furthermore, comparative transcriptome analyses showed that the genes encoding enzyme involved in gypenoside biosynthesis had higher expression levels in the leaves and tendrils. Overall, the findings obtained in this study provide an effective molecular basis for further studies of demographic genetics, ecological adaption, and systematic evolution in Cucurbitaceae species, as well as contributing to molecular breeding, and the biosynthesis and biotransformation of gypenoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Yuhe Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Yixuan Kou
- Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Xiaodan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030012, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Yuemei Zhao
- School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550018, China
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Zhao H, Jiao W, Xiu Y, Zhou K, Zhong P, Wang N, Yu S. Enzymatic Biotransformation of Gypenoside XLIX into Gylongiposide I and Their Antiviral Roles against Enterovirus 71 In Vitro. Molecules 2022; 27:4094. [PMID: 35807341 PMCID: PMC9268165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation of specific saponins in the valuable medical plants to increase their bioavailability and pharmaceutical activities has attracted more and more attention. A gene encoding a thermophilic glycoside hydrolase from Fervidobaterium pennivorans DSM9078 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant enzyme, exhibiting endoglucanase cellulase activity, was used to transform gypenoside XLIX into gylongiposide I via highly selective and efficient hydrolysis of the glucose moiety linked to the C21 position in gypenoside XLIX. Under the optimal reaction conditions for large scale production of gylongiposide I, 35 g gypenoside XLIX was transformed by using 20 g crude enzyme at pH 6.0 and 80 °C for 4 h with a molar yield of 100%. Finally, 11.51 g of gylongiposide I was purified using a silica gel column with 91.84% chromatographic purity. Furthermore, inhibitory activities of gypenoside XLIX and gylongiposide I against Enterovirus 71 (EV71) were investigated. Importantly, the EC50 of gypenoside XLIX and gylongiposide I calculated from viral titers in supernatants was 3.53 μM and 1.53 μM, respectively. Moreover, the transformed product gylongiposide I has better anti-EV71 activity than the glycosylated precursor. In conclusion, this enzymatic method would be useful in the large-scale production of gylongiposide I, which would be a novel potent anti-EV71 candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxi Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (K.Z.); (P.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Wenbo Jiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Yang Xiu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (K.Z.); (P.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Kailu Zhou
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (K.Z.); (P.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Peng Zhong
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (K.Z.); (P.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Nan Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (K.Z.); (P.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Z.); (Y.X.); (K.Z.); (P.Z.); (N.W.)
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Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic and Molecular Docking Studies of Methanolic Extract, Fractions and Isolated Compounds from Aerial Parts of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092858. [PMID: 35566208 PMCID: PMC9104508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Cymbopogon citratus is used to treat a variety of ailments, including cough, indigestion, fever, and diabetes. The previous chemical and bioactive research on C. citratus mainly focused on its volatile oil. In this study, 20 non-volatile known compounds were isolated from the dried aerial part of C. citratus, and their structures were elucidated by MS, NMR spectroscopy, and comparison with the published spectroscopic data. Among them, 16 compounds were reported for the first time from this plant. The screening results for antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities indicated that compounds caffeic acid (5), 1-O-p-coumaroyl-3-O-caffeoylglycerol (8), 1,3-O-dicaffeoylglycerol (9) and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12) had potent antioxidant capacities, with IC50 values from 7.28 to 14.81 μM, 1.70 to 2.15 mol Trolox/mol and 1.31 to 2.42 mol Trolox/mol for DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, respectively. Meanwhile, compounds 8 and 9 also exhibited significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 11.45 ± 1.82 μM and 5.46 ± 0.25 μM, respectively, which were reported for the first time for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The molecular docking result provided a molecular comprehension of the interaction between compounds (8 and 9) and α-glucosidase. The significant antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of compounds 8 and 9 suggested that they could be developed into antidiabetic drugs because of their potential regulatory roles on oxidative stress and digestive enzyme.
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Minh TT, Toan HK, Anh HTL, Huong TT, Thao DT, Hoang VD. Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of Pachyrhizus erosus Collected in Vietnam. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:1136-1139. [PMID: 34719597 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of methanol extract from leaves of Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban, a leguminous shrub distributed in Vietnam and other tropical and subtropical countries led to the isolation of a new prenylated chalcone, erosusone (1) and a new megastigmane glycoside epimer, 3-episedumoside F1 (9), together with thirteen known compounds including flavonoids (2-6), a 3-benzoxepine lactone (7), a pyridine-4,5-diol derivative (8), megastigmanes and megastigmane glycosides (10-15). Their structures were elucidated by means of high resolution-electrospray ionization (HR-ESI)-MS, one dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional NMR (2D-NMR) spectroscopy as well as comparison with the data reported in the literature. The cytotoxic effects on LU-1 (lung carcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), and MCF7 (breast carcinoma) cell lines were assessed. Prenylated chalcones 1-2 and isoflavone 3 exhibited cytotoxicity against all tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 22.04 to 45.03 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thi Minh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
| | - Ho Khanh Toan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
| | - Hoang Thi Lan Anh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
| | - Tran Thu Huong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
| | - Do Thi Thao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
| | - Vu Dinh Hoang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antidiabetic Activities of Bioactive Compounds from the Fruits of Livistona chinensis Based on Network Pharmacology Prediction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7807046. [PMID: 34707780 PMCID: PMC8545574 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7807046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a chemical investigation on the fruits of Livistona chinensis (FLC) led to the isolation and identification of 45 polyphenols and 5 alkaloids, including two new compounds (Livischinol (1) and Livischinine A (46)), an undescribed compound (47) and 47 known compounds. FLC was predicted with novel potential antidiabetic function by collecting and analyzing the potential targets of the ingredients. Compound 32 exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 5.71 μM) and 1, 6, and 44 showed the PTP1B inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 9.41-22.19 μM, while that of oleanolic acid was 28.58 μM. The competitive inhibitors of PTP1B (compounds 1 and 44) formed strong binding affinity, with catalytic active sites, proved by kinetic analysis, fluorescence spectra measurements, and computational simulations, and stimulated glucose uptake in the insulin-resistant HepG2 cells at the dose of 50 μM. In addition, FLC was rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds so that they could be developed as nutraceuticals against diabetes.
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Zhai XF, Zu ML, Wang YR, Cui WY, Duan Y, Yang C, Piao XL. Protective effects of four new saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum against hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104470. [PMID: 33213892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum has been used as a medicine-food homologious health product in China for a long time. This research aimed to isolate and identify its active compounds with protective effects against hydrogen peroxide induced SH-SY5Y cell death. Four new dammarane-type saponins were isolated from G. pentaphyllum using various chromatographic methods. They were identified as gypenoside S1 (1), gypenoside S3 (2), gypenoside S2 (3) and gypenoside S4 (4), respectively by HRESIMS and NMR spectra. Their cytotoxic activity was evaluated against three human cancer cell lines, A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), SH-SY5Y (nerve), by MTT method. They showed low cytotoxicities with the IC50 values of more than 100 μM on three cancer cell lines. However, they appeared protective effects against hydrogen peroxide induced SH-SY5Y cell death in a dose-dependent manner. They recovered cell viability more than 69% at the concentration of 20 μM from 66%, while as vitamin C to 67%. Compound 3 and 4 recovered more than 79% at 100 μM. The present study suggests that G. pentaphyllum has antioxidative potential and the saponins from G. pentaphyllum are considered as the active compounds with safe and neuroprotecitve effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Fang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ma-Li Zu
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu-Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei-Ye Cui
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ce Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
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Wang X, Li D, Guo X, Zhang Q, Liao X, Cao Z, Liu L, Yang P. ComMS nDB-An Automatable Strategy to Identify Compounds from MS Data Sets (Identification of Gypenosides as an Example). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11368-11388. [PMID: 32945671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a popular functional food and is also used as an important medicinal plant in China. Gypenoside, the main active constituent in G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, belongs to dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins. Due to its high molecular weight and high polarity, it is difficult to obtain complete compound information for gypenoside extracts via mass spectrometry experiments. In this study, an automated targeted data postprocessing strategy called Compound MSn Database (ComMSnDB) was designed and established to elucidate compounds in gypenoside extracts based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS). As a result, 18 types of and 199 main saponin constituents, including 47 potential novel compounds, were tentatively identified from different habitats. At the same time, 15 gypenoside standard compounds were used to verify the feasibility of the ComMSnDB strategy. These results demonstrated that ComMSnDB offers practical value for quick, automated, and effective compound identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research of SIPI, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200082, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Xueling Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research of SIPI, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200082, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
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Wang J, Zhao M, Cheng X, Han Y, Zhao T, Fan M, Zhu L, Yang JL. Dammarane-Type Saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Prevent Hypoxia-Induced Neural Injury through Activation of ERK, Akt, and CREB Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:193-205. [PMID: 31826610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum possesses neuroprotective bioactivity. However, the effect of gypenosides on hypoxia-induced neural damage remains obscure. In this study, Gyp, the active fraction extracted from G. pentaphyllum and its bioactive compounds as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Eighteen dammarane-type saponins were isolated from Gyp. The absolute configurations of six unreported compounds (13-18) were assessed via electron capture detection (ECD) analyses. The results of cell viability assay showed that Gyp and its bioactive compounds (13-16 and 18) effectively protected PC12 cells from hypoxia injury. Gyp pretreatment also improved mice spatial memory impairment caused by hypoxia exposure. At the molecular level, Gyp and its bioactive compounds could activate the signaling pathways of ERK, Akt, and CREB in vitro and in vivo. In summary, Gyp and its bioactive compounds could prevent hypoxia-induced injury via ERK, Akt, and CREB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , CAS , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences , Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing 100850 , China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences , Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing 100850 , China
| | - Ying Han
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences , Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing 100850 , China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences , Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing 100850 , China
| | - Ming Fan
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences , Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing 100850 , China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences , Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing 100850 , China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , China
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
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11
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Zhang X, Su H, Yang J, Feng L, Li Z, Zhao G. Population genetic structure, migration, and polyploidy origin of a medicinal species Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Cucurbitaceae). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:11145-11170. [PMID: 31641462 PMCID: PMC6802062 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum, a member of family Cucurbitaceae, is a perennial creeping herb used as a traditional medicinal plant in China. In this study, six polymorphic nSSR and four EST-SSR primers were used to genotype 1,020 individuals in 72 wild populations of G. pentaphyllum. The genetic diversity and population structure were investigated, and ecological niche modeling was performed to reveal the evolution and demographic history of its natural populations. The results show that G. pentaphyllum has a low level of genetic diversity and high level of variation among populations because of pervasive asexual propagation, genetic drift, and long-term habitat isolation. Results of the Mantel test demonstrate that the genetic distance and geographic distance are significantly correlated among G. pentaphyllum natural populations. The populations can be divided into two clusters on the basis of genetic structure. Asymmetrical patterns of historical gene flow were observed among the clusters. For the contemporary, almost all the bidirectional gene flow of the related pairs was symmetrical with slight differences. Recent bottlenecks were experienced by 34.72% of the studied populations. The geographic range of G. pentaphyllum continues to expand northward and eastward from Hengduan Mountains. The present distribution of G. pentaphyllum is a consequence of its complex evolution. Polyploidy in G. pentaphyllum is inferred to be polygenetic. Finally, G. pentaphyllum is a species in need of protection, so in situ and ex situ measures should be considered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education)College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Hailun Su
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education)College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education)College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education)College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhonghu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education)College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Guifang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education)College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anChina
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Lundqvist LCE, Rattigan D, Ehtesham E, Demmou C, Östenson CG, Sandström C. Profiling and activity screening of Dammarane-type triterpen saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum with glucose-dependent insulin secretory activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:627. [PMID: 30679754 PMCID: PMC6345837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly; consequently there is great need for new and novel therapeutic options. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is a traditional medicinal plant, mainly present in Southeast Asian countries, that has been reported to exert antidiabetic effects, by stimulating insulin secretion. The specific compound responsible for this effect is however as yet unidentified. Screening for discovery and identification of bioactive compounds of an herbal GP extract, was performed in isolated pancreatic islets from spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a model of type 2 diabetes, and from non-diabetic control Wistar rats. From this herbal extract 27 dammarane-type saponins, including two novel compounds, were isolated and their structure was elucidated by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. One of the dammarane-type triterpenoid showed a glucose-dependent insulin secretion activity. This compound, gylongiposide I, displays unique abilities to stimulate insulin release at high glucose levels (16.7 mM), but limited effects at a low glucose concentration (3.3 mM). Further studies on this compound, also in vivo, are warranted with the aim of developing a novel anti-diabetic therapeutic with glucose-dependent insulinogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena C E Lundqvist
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Darren Rattigan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland, 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Emad Ehtesham
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, SE- 901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Camila Demmou
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claes-Göran Östenson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Corine Sandström
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7015, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Liao XM, He X, Xu GB, Wang Z, Li J, Guan HY, Zhou M, Li YJ, Wang YL, Gan LS, Liao SG. Two Nitrogen-containing Compounds from Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new nitrogen-containing compounds, pseudosteheterins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the glycosides-enriched cardioprotective fraction of the 70% EtOH extract of the roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, and the absolute configuration of 1 was established by quantum chemical TDDFT calculation of the ECD spectrum of its model compound. Pseudosteheterin B showed significant protective effects in H9c2 myocardial cells against CoCl2-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ming Liao
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District 550025, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xun He
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District 550025, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Bo Xu
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District 550025, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District 550025, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District 550025, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Huan-Yu Guan
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District 550025, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong-Jun Li
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong-Lin Wang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Li-She Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Gao Liao
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District 550025, Guizhou, China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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Zhang X, Zhou T, Kanwal N, Zhao Y, Bai G, Zhao G. Completion of Eight Gynostemma BL. (Cucurbitaceae) Chloroplast Genomes: Characterization, Comparative Analysis, and Phylogenetic Relationships. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1583. [PMID: 28955369 PMCID: PMC5600969 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Gynostemma BL., belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, is a genus containing 17 creeping herbaceous species mainly distributed in East Asia. It can be divided into two subgenera based on different fruit morphology. Herein, we report eight complete chloroplast genome sequences of the genus Gynostemma, which were obtained by Illumina paired-end sequencing, assembly, and annotation. The length of the eight complete cp genomes ranged from 157,576 bp (G. pentaphyllum) to 158,273 bp (G. laxiflorum). Each encoded 133 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes, and one pseudogene. The four types of repeated sequences had been discovered and indicated that the repeated structure for species in the Subgen. Triostellum was greater than that for species in the Subgen. Gynostemma. The percentage of variation of the eight cp genomes in different regions were calculated, which demonstrated that the coding and inverted repeats regions were highly conserved. Phylogenetic analysis based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods strongly supported the phylogenetic position of the genus Gynostemma as a member of family Cucurbitaceae. The phylogenetic relationships among the eight species were clearly resolved using the complete cp genome sequences in this study. It will also provide potential molecular markers and candidate DNA barcodes for future studies and enrich the valuable complete cp genome resources of Cucurbitaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
| | - Nazish Kanwal
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
| | - Yuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
- College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shangluo UniversityShangluo, China
| | - Guoqing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
- Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Provence, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi ProvenceXi'an, China
| | - Guifang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Guifang Zhao
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Secondary Metabolite Production in Transgenic Hairy Root Cultures of Cucurbits. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017. [PMCID: PMC7123301 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28669-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbits are important group of vegetables due to their nutritional significance and are also used for valuable traditional medicine. The infection of plants by Agrobacterium rhizogenes results in a hairy root (HR) phenotype characterized by rapid growth in hormone-free medium, an unusual ageotropism and extensive lateral branching. These genetically transformed root cultures (hairy roots) can produce levels of secondary metabolites comparable to that of intact plants. Hairy root cultures offer promise for high production and productivity of valuable secondary metabolites in many plants. High stability and productivity features allow the exploitation of HRs as valuable biotechnological tool for the production of plant secondary metabolites. While these chemical compounds are employed by plants for interactions with their environment, humans have long since explored and exploited plant secondary metabolites for medicinal and practical uses. The main constraint for commercial exploitation of hairy root cultivations is the development and scaling up of appropriate reactor vessels (bioreactors) that permit the growth of interconnected tissues normally unevenly distributed throughout the vessel. Emphasis has focused on designing appropriate bioreactors suitable to culture the delicate and sensitive plant hairy roots. To this end, hairy root culture presents an excellent platform for producing valuable secondary metabolites. For these reasons, this chapter describes the establishment of hairy roots and production of secondary metabolites from hairy roots of cucurbits and also phytochemicals uses for biological activity.
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Jang H, Lee JW, Lee C, Jin Q, Lee MK, Lee CK, Lee MK, Hwang BY. Flavonol glycosides from the aerial parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their antioxidant activity. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1232-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Liu J, Li Y, Shi H, Wang T, Wu X, Sun X, Yu L(L. Components characterization of total tetraploid jiaogulan ( Gynostemma pentaphyllum ) saponin and its cholesterol-lowering properties. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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18
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Morgan AMA, Jeon MN, Jeong MH, Yang SY, Kim YH. Chemical Components from the Stems ofPueraria lobataand Their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2016.22.2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mi Ni Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Min Hye Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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Rekha K, Thiruvengadam M. Secondary Metabolite Production in Transgenic Hairy Root Cultures of Cucurbits. TRANSGENESIS AND SECONDARY METABOLISM 2016:1-27. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27490-4_6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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20
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Zhao YM, Zhou T, Li ZH, Zhao GF. Characterization of Global Transcriptome Using Illumina Paired-End Sequencing and Development of EST-SSR Markers in Two Species of Gynostemma (Cucurbitaceae). Molecules 2015; 20:21214-31. [PMID: 26633323 PMCID: PMC6332360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum is an important medicinal herb of the Cucurbitaceae family, but limited genomic data have hindered genetic studies. In this study, transcriptomes of two closely-related Gynostemma species, Gynostemma cardiospermum and G. pentaphyllum, were sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. A total of 71,607 nonredundant unigenes were assembled. Of these unigenes, 60.45% (43,288) were annotated based on sequence similarity search with known proteins. A total of 11,059 unigenes were identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway (KEGG) database. A total of 3891 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were detected in 3526 nonredundant unigenes, 2596 primer pairs were designed and 360 of them were randomly selected for validation. Of these, 268 primer pairs yielded clear products among six G. pentaphyllum samples. Thirty polymorphic SSR markers were used to test polymorphism and transferability in Gynostemma. Finally, 15 SSR makers that amplified in all 12 Gynostemma species were used to assess genetic diversity. Our results generated a comprehensive sequence resource for Gynostemma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Mei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Bei Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
- College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Beixin Street, Shangluo 726000, China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Bei Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Zhong-Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Bei Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Gui-Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Bei Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
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21
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Liu X, Li H, Zhou F, Wang R. Secondary Metabolites of Fusarium sp., an Endophytic Fungus in Astragalus membranaceus. Chem Nat Compd 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-015-1532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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23
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Antimicrobial Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. of Eucommia ulmoides. Chem Nat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-014-1003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Lee M, Kim DH, Shin YJ, Choi SZ, Son M, Sung SH. Analysis ofDioscorea japonicaby Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.862628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Gan M, Liu M, Gan L, Lin S, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zi J, Song W, Shi J. Dammarane glycosides from the root of Machilus yaoshansis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1373-82. [PMID: 22779787 DOI: 10.1021/np300310a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nine new dammarane triterpene glycosides (1-3 and 8-13) and 12 known analogues have been isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Machilus yaoshansis. Compounds 1-7 have an uncommon 20,23-dihydroxydammar-24-en-21-oic acid-21,23-lactone moiety that was previously reported in compounds isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum. The configurations of the lactone moieties in 1-3 were determined by comparison of the experimental ECD spectra of 1-3 and the hydrolysates, 1a and 1b, with the corresponding calculated ECD spectra. On the basis of NMR and ECD data analysis of 1-7, the previously reported C-20 and C-23 configurations of 4-7 and related derivatives from Gynostemma pentaphyllum were revised. In addition, the application of NMR data and Cotton effects to the determination of the relative and absolute configurations of the γ-lactone moiety in 3β,20,23-trihydroxydammar-24-en-21-oic acid-21,23-lactone derivatives is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoluo Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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26
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Abstract
Within our screening program for antimicrobial materials, eight compounds (1-8) were isolated from an endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. of Eucommia ulmoides. Compound 1, 2, 5-8 were isolated for the first time from endophytic fungi. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic analysis with the reported data in the literature. All compounds showed potent antibacterial and antifungal activities and can be use as new antimicrobial materials.
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Subramaniyam S, Mathiyalagan R, Jun Gyo I, Bum-Soo L, Sungyoung L, Deok Chun Y. Transcriptome profiling and insilico analysis of Gynostemma pentaphyllum using a next generation sequencer. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:2075-2083. [PMID: 21769605 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-011-1114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Gynosaponins (Gypenosides) are major phyto-chemicals in Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.), with similarities to the ginsenosides present in Panax ginseng. Gynosaponins are classified as terpenoid compounds. In G. pentaphyllum, 25% of the total gynosaponins are similar to ginsenosides. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptional levels of the G. pentaphyllum genome to identify secondary metabolite genes. The complete transcriptomes for the roots and leaves were obtained using a GS-FLX pyro-sequencer. In total, we obtained 265,340 and all reads were well annotated according to biological databases. Using insilico analysis, 84% of sequence were well annotated and we obtained most of the secondary metabolite genes that represent mono-, di-, tri- and sesquiterpenoids. From our EST, most of the terpenoid genes were noted, among those few similar genes were studied in P. ginseng and these transcripts will help to characterize more triterpenoid genes in G. pentaphyllum. Also help to compare P. ginseng and G. pentaphyllum at transcriptome level.
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28
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Kim KH, Lee KH, Kim HK, Moon E, Kim SH, Kim SY, Kim KR, Lee KR. Antineuroinflammatory constituents from the root extract of Paris verticillata. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v10-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new cyclopropanoic fatty acid glycosides, named parisveroside A (1) and parisveroside B (2), were isolated from a MeOH extract of the roots of Paris verticillata (Liliaceae) together with three other known compounds, salicin (3), 3-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-(2R,3S)-dihydrobenzofuran (4), and allantoin (5). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-FAB-MS, and chemical evidence. To investigate the antineuroinflammatory effects of the isolated compounds (1–5), nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated in the lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia cell line, BV-2. Compounds 2 and 4 significantly inhibited NO production with IC50 values of 74.8 and 60.5 µmol/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Kyu Ha Lee
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Ho Kyung Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Eunjung Moon
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Kyung Ran Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Kang Ro Lee
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, No. 1 Seocheon-dong, Gihung-gu, Yongin-city, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
- Cancer preventive Material Development Research center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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29
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Wu PK, Tai WCS, Choi RCY, Tsim KWK, Zhou H, Liu X, Jiang ZH, Hsiao WLW. Chemical and DNA authentication of taste variants of Gynostemma pentaphyllum herbal tea. Food Chem 2011; 128:70-80. [PMID: 25214331 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 01/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino (Gp) was once used as a sweetener in Japan and is now widely consumed as an herbal tea worldwide for lowering cholesterol levels. Two taste variants, bitter and sweet, of Gp exist in the commercial market, but they cannot be differentiated morphologically nor by existing chemical analytical methods. This has been creating a problem in quality control of Gp products. In the present study, using HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS analysis, we found that the Gp saponins, not flavonoids, from the sweet and bitter variants have distinctly different profiles. In addition, the two variants share only 69.01% homology in the ribosomal ITS-1 region, suggesting a phylogenic gap between these two variants. The combinations of chemical profiling and phylogenic analysis clearly confirm, for the first time, the distinction between these two taste variants. This information has direct application in the authentication and quality assessment of the various Gynostemma tea products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Kei Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - William C S Tai
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Roy C Y Choi
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - W L Wendy Hsiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Kim KH, Kim MA, Moon E, Kim SY, Choi SZ, Son MW, Lee KR. Furostanol saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea japonica and their effects on NGF induction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2075-8. [PMID: 21353549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rhizome of Dioscorea japonica is a food and medicinal source known as 'San Yak' in Korea. Two new furostanol saponins, coreajaponins A (1) and B (2), together with 10 known compounds (3-12) were isolated from the rhizomes of D. japonica. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, HRMS, and chemical methods. Nerve growth factor (NGF), a crucial factor for neuronal survival and differentiation, can potentially improve neurodegenerative diseases and diabetic polyneuropathy. We evaluated the effects of isolates (1-12) on NGF induction in a C6 rat glioma cell line. Coreajaponin B (2) upregulated NGF content without significant cell toxicity, as did 6, 8, 9, and 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Chonchon-dong, Jangan-ku, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
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31
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Ky PT, Huong PT, My TK, Anh PT, Kiem PV, Minh CV, Cuong NX, Thao NP, Nhiem NX, Hyun JH, Kang HK, Kim YH. Dammarane-type saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:994-1001. [PMID: 20382401 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dammarane-type saponins, gypenosides VN1-VN7 (1-7), were isolated from the total saponin extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum aerial parts, with their structures elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. These compounds showed moderate cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines, A549 (lung), HT-29 (colon), MCF-7 (breast), and SK-OV-3 (ovary), with IC(50) values ranging from 19.6+/-1.1 to 43.1+/-1.0 microM. Regarding the HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukemia) cell line, compounds 1, 5, and 6 showed weakly active with IC(50) values of 62.8+/-1.9, 72.6+/-3.6, and 82.4+/-3.2 nM, respectively, while 2, 3, 4, and 7 were less active with IC(50) values>100 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thanh Ky
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 17 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Xiang WJ, Guo CY, Ma L, Hu LH. Dammarane-type glycosides and long chain sesquiterpene glycosides from Gynostemma yixingense. Fitoterapia 2010; 81:248-52. [PMID: 19781603 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 09/06/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A new dammarane-type glycoside and a new long chain sesquiterpene glycoside, along with nine known compounds 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh1 (3), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh1 (4), ginsenoside F1 (4), amarantholidoside IV (6), ginsenoside Rc (7), 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg2 (8), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg2 (9), ginsenoside Rd (10) and gypenoside XLVI (11) were isolated from Gynostemma yixingense. The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D-, 2D-NMR and ESI-MS techniques as well as by comparison of the spectral data with those of related compounds as 2 alpha,3beta,20(S)-trihydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl((1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl((1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] (1) (2E,6E)-10-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-1,10,11-trihydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6-diene (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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Shi L, Cao JQ, Li W, Zhao H, Zhao YQ. A new dammarane-type triterpene saponin from Gynostemma pentaphyllum. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Hung TM, Thu CV, Cuong TD, Hung NP, Kwack SJ, Huh JI, Min BS, Choi JS, Lee HK, Bae K. Dammarane-type glycosides from Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their effects on IL-4-induced eotaxin expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:192-6. [PMID: 20104880 DOI: 10.1021/np9006712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two new dammarane-type glycosides, 2alpha,3beta,12beta,20S-tetrahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside] (1) and 2alpha,3beta,12beta,20S-tetrahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-20-O-[beta-d-6-O-acetylglucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-d-glucopyranoside] (2), were isolated from a MeOH extract of the leaves of Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic interpretation as well as by chemical studies. The isolated compounds showed potential inhibitory effects on eotaxin expression in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Manh Hung
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Kyeongbuk 712-702, Korea
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Wang JR, Yamasaki Y, Tanaka T, Kouno I, Jiang ZH. Dammarane-type triterpene saponins from the flowers of Panax notoginseng. Molecules 2009; 14:2087-94. [PMID: 19556938 PMCID: PMC6254266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14062087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new dammarane-type triterpene saponins named floranotoginsenosides A (1), B (2), C (3) and D (4), together with five known triterpene saponins, were isolated from the flowers of Panax notoginseng. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Rong Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuko Yamasaki
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Isao Kouno
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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Huang WC, Kuo ML, Li ML, Yang RC, Liou CJ, Shen JJ. Gynostemma pentaphyllum decreases allergic reactions in a murine asthmatic model. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2008; 36:579-92. [PMID: 18543390 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x08005990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of asthma in developing countries emphasizes the importance of identifying more effective treatments that have low cost. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (Cucurbitaceae), a common herbal tea in China, has been used to treat lung inflammation. Since the Th2 cytokines are the major mediators in the pathogenesis of asthma, Th1-biased immune responses caused by G. pentaphyllum might have the potential to relieve asthmatic symptoms. We hypothesized that oral administration of G. pentaphyllum extracts might suppress Th2 cytokine-induced airway inflammation responses in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitive mice. BALB/c mice were sensitized with intraperitoneal injection and challenged 3 times with OVA inhalation (IH) (the IH3 model). G. pentaphyllum was orally administered for 7 consecutive days before the end of the OVA challenge. In the IH5 model, 2 more OVA challenges were administered to mimic the encounter with an allergen after drug treatment. G. pentaphyllum extracts significantly attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inhibited eosinophil infiltration in mice in both models. Serum OVA-specific antibodies were also reduced with the treatment. Decreased Th2-type cytokines and increased IFN-gamma were detected in the cultures of OVA-activated splenocytes from treated mice. Our results suggest that G. pentaphyllum extracts might be beneficial for asthma airway inflammation through the suppression of Th2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- The Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Sec. 4, Ting-Chou Road, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
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Jia JM, Wang ZQ, Wu LJ. Two new acetylated ginsenosides from the roots of Panax quinquefolium. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2008.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Genetic differentiation in endangered Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino based on ISSR polymorphism and its implications for conservation. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jiang HP, Qiu YK, Cheng DR, Kang TG, Dou DQ. Structure elucidation and complete NMR spectral assignments of two new dammarane-type tetraglycosides from Panax quinquefolium. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46:786-90. [PMID: 18478623 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two new saponins were isolated from leaves of Panax quinquefolium and their structures were elucidated as 3beta, 12beta, 20S-trihydroxy-25-methoxydammar-23-ene 3-O-{[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 3beta, 20S-dihydroxy-12beta, 23R-epoxydammar-24-ene 3-O-{[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[beta-D-xylopyanosyl(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) on the basis of (1)D and (2)D NMR (including (1)H, (13)C-NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, and NOESY), ESI-MS spectrometry and chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Life one Road, DD Port, Dalian 116600, China
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Liu F, Ren D, Guo DA, Pan Y, Zhang H, Hu P. Method Development for Gypenosides Fingerprint by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection and the Addition of Internal Standard. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:389-93. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Dequan Ren
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology
| | - De-an Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yifeng Pan
- Shanghai Sundise Chinese Medicine Technology Development Co., Ltd
| | - Huzhe Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Ping Hu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology
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Yang Z, Chen Q, Hu L. Dammarane-type glycosides from Gynostemma pubescens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2007; 68:1752-61. [PMID: 17573080 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2006] [Revised: 02/28/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Triterpene saponins 1-8 were isolated from the aerial parts of Gynostemma pubescens. Among them, compounds 1-4, 8 possess carboxylic groups at both C-21 and C-29, 5 contains a carboxylic group at C-21 and an aldehyde function at C-29, whereas 6 and 7 contain carboxylic groups at C-21 and hydroxymethylene groups at C-29. Their structural elucidation was accomplished by extensive spectroscopic methods including application of 1D (1H, (13)C, (13)C DEPT) and 2D NMR experiments (HMQC, HMBC, HSQC), HRESIMS analysis, as well as by chemical degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Yang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids including squalene derivatives, lanostanes, cycloartanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, quassinoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, uranes, hopanes, isomalabaricanes and saponins. The literature from January to December 2004 is reviewed and 243 references are cited.
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Abstract
Nine new dammarane saponins, 1-9, were isolated from the MeOH extract of the aerial part of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, an edible plant of the Cucurbitaceae family, that grows wildly in China. Their structures were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR analysis, as well as by chemical degradation. Aglycons 21,24-cyclopentyldammar-25-ene of 6 and 7, and 21,24-cyclopentyldammarane of 8 and 9, were novel. Compounds 1, 4, and 8 showed moderate antitumor activities against stomach cancer cells SGC-7901 and liver cancer cells BEL-7402.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yin
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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Chang CK, Chang KS, Lin YC, Liu SY, Chen CY. Hairy root cultures of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino: a promising approach for the production of gypenosides as an alternative of ginseng saponins. Biotechnol Lett 2005; 27:1165-9. [PMID: 16158258 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-8653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2005] [Revised: 04/14/2005] [Accepted: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hairy root cultures of Gynostemma pentaphyllum were established by infecting leaf discs with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The dry biomass of hairy roots grown in MS medium for 49 days was 7.3 g l(-1) with a gypenoside content of 38 mg g(-1) dry wt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Kai Chang
- Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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