1
|
Ribeiro JC, Alves MG, Yeste M, Cho YS, Calamita G, Oliveira PF. Aquaporins and (in)fertility: More than just water transport. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:166039. [PMID: 33338597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of channel proteins that facilitate the transport of water and small solutes across biological membranes. They are widely distributed throughout the organism, having a number of key functions, some of them unexpected, both in health and disease. Among the various diseases in which AQPs are involved, infertility has been overlooked. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) infertility is a global public health problem with one third of the couples suffering from subfertility or even infertility due to male or female factors alone or combined. Thus, there is an urgent need to unveil the molecular mechanisms that control gametes production, maturation and fertilization-related events, to more specifically determine infertility causes. In addition, as more couples seek for fertility treatment through assisted reproductive technologies (ART), it is pivotal to understand how these techniques can be improved. AQPs are heterogeneously expressed throughout the male and female reproductive tracts, highlighting a possible regulatory role for these proteins in conception. In fact, their function, far beyond water transport, highlights potential intervention points to enhance ART. In this review we discuss AQPs distribution and structural organization, functions, and modulation throughout the male and female reproductive tracts and their relevance to the reproductive success. We also highlight the most recent advances and research trends regarding how the different AQPs are involved and regulated in specific mechanisms underlying (in)fertility. Finally, we discuss the involvement of AQPs in ART-related processes and how their handling can lead to improvement of infertility treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João C Ribeiro
- Department of Anatomy, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; QOPNA & LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Anatomy, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain; Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Yoon S Cho
- Centro di Procreazione Medicalmente Assistita, Ospedale Santa Maria, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- QOPNA & LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kordowitzki P, Kranc W, Bryl R, Kempisty B, Skowronska A, Skowronski MT. The Relevance of Aquaporins for the Physiology, Pathology, and Aging of the Female Reproductive System in Mammals. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122570. [PMID: 33271827 PMCID: PMC7760214 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins constitute a group of water channel proteins located in numerous cell types. These are pore-forming transmembrane proteins, which mediate the specific passage of water molecules through membranes. It is well-known that water homeostasis plays a crucial role in different reproductive processes, e.g., oocyte transport, hormonal secretion, completion of successful fertilization, blastocyst formation, pregnancy, and birth. Further, aquaporins are involved in the process of spermatogenesis, and they have been reported to be involved during the storage of spermatozoa. It is noteworthy that aquaporins are relevant for the physiological function of specific parts in the female reproductive system, which will be presented in detail in the first section of this review. Moreover, they are relevant in different pathologies in the female reproductive system. The contribution of aquaporins in selected reproductive disorders and aging will be summarized in the second section of this review, followed by a section dedicated to aquaporin-related proteins. Since the relevance of aquaporins for the male reproductive system has been reviewed several times in the recent past, this review aims to provide an update on the distribution and impact of aquaporins only in the female reproductive system. Therefore, this paper seeks to determine the physiological and patho-physiological relevance of aquaporins on female reproduction, and female reproductive aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kordowitzki
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute for Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-243 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (R.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Rut Bryl
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (R.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (R.B.); (B.K.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute for Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Skowronska
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Warszawska Street 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Mariusz T. Skowronski
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute for Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-56-611-2231
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kulus M, Kranc W, Jeseta M, Sujka-Kordowska P, Konwerska A, Ciesiółka S, Celichowski P, Moncrieff L, Kocherova I, Józkowiak M, Kulus J, Wieczorkiewicz M, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Skowroński MT, Bukowska D, Machatkova M, Hanulakova S, Mozdziak P, Jaśkowski JM, Kempisty B, Antosik P. Cortical Granule Distribution and Expression Pattern of Genes Regulating Cellular Component Size, Morphogenesis, and Potential to Differentiation are Related to Oocyte Developmental Competence and Maturational Capacity In Vivo and In Vitro. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070815. [PMID: 32708880 PMCID: PMC7397037 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyspermia is an adverse phenomenon during mammalian fertilization when more than one sperm fuses with a single oocyte. The egg cell is prepared to prevent polyspermia by, among other ways, producing cortical granules (CGs), which are specialized intracellular structures containing enzymes that aim to harden the zona pellucida and block the fusion of subsequent sperm. This work focused on exploring the expression profile of genes that may be associated with cortical reactions, and evaluated the distribution of CGs in immature oocytes and the peripheral density of CGs in mature oocytes. Oocytes were isolated and then processed for in vitro maturation (IVM). Transcriptomic analysis of genes belonging to five ontological groups has been conducted. Six genes showed increased expression after IVM (ARHGEF2, MAP1B, CXCL12, FN1, DAB2, and SOX9), while the majority of genes decreased expression after IVM. Using CG distribution analysis in immature oocytes, movement towards the cortical zone of the oocyte during meiotic competence acquisition was observed. CGs peripheral density decreased with the rise in meiotic competence during the IVM process. The current results reveal important new insights into the in vitro maturation of oocytes. Our results may serve as a basis for further studies to investigate the cortical reaction of oocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Michal Jeseta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Sylwia Ciesiółka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Lisa Moncrieff
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Ievgeniia Kocherova
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Józkowiak
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (H.P.-K.)
| | - Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Maria Wieczorkiewicz
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.W.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (H.P.-K.)
| | - Mariusz T. Skowroński
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.W.); (M.T.S.)
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Marie Machatkova
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Sarka Hanulakova
- Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Jędrzej M. Jaśkowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (I.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (S.C.); (P.C.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-854-6418
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (P.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tanski D, Skowronska A, Eliszewski M, Gromadzinski L, Kempisty B, Skowronski MT. Changes in Aquaporin 1, 5 and 9 Gene Expression in the Porcine Oviduct According to Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082777. [PMID: 32316329 PMCID: PMC7216242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a group of small, integral membrane proteins which play an important role in fluid homeostasis in the reproductive system. In our previous study, we demonstrated AQP1, 5 and 9 protein expression and localization in the porcine oviduct. The presence of these isoforms could suggest their role in the transport of the ovum to the uterus by influencing the epithelial cells’ production of oviductal fluid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of AQP1, AQP5 and AQP9 in the infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus in the porcine oviduct during the estrous cycle (early luteal phase, days 2–4, medium luteal phase, days 10–12, late luteal phase days 14–16, follicular phase days 18–20) and pregnancy (period before implantation, days 14–16 and after the implantation, days 30–32) using the Real-Time PCR technique. As clearly demonstrated for the first time, AQP1, 5, and 9 gene expression is influenced by the estrus cycle and pregnancy. Furthermore, expression of AQPs in the porcine oviduct may provide the physiological medium that sustains and enhances fertilization and early cleavage-stage embryonic development. Overall, our study provides a characterization of oviduct AQPs, increasing our understanding of fluid homeostasis in the porcine oviduct to successfully establish and maintain pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Tanski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.T); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +48-662-098-066 (D.T.); +48-607-356-323 (M.T.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Skowronska
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Maciej Eliszewski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Leszek Gromadzinski
- II Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Collegium Medicum, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
- II Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Mariusz T. Skowronski
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.T); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +48-662-098-066 (D.T.); +48-607-356-323 (M.T.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Transcriptomic analysis of expression of genes regulating cell cycle progression in porcine ovarian granulosa cells during short-term in vitro primary culture. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 153:397-412. [PMID: 32157392 PMCID: PMC7299926 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The primary function of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) is the support of oocytes during maturation and development. Molecular analyses of granulosa cell-associated processes, leading to improvement of understanding of the cell cycle events during the formation of ovarian follicles (folliculogenesis), may be key to improve the in vitro fertilization procedures. Primary in vitro culture of porcine GCs was employed to examine the changes in the transcriptomic profile of genes belonging to “cell cycle”, “cell division”, “cell cycle process”, “cell cycle phase transition”, “cell cycle G1/S phase transition”, “cell cycle G2/M phase transition” and “cell cycle checkpoint” ontology groups. During the analysis, microarrays were employed to study the transcriptome of GCs, analyzing the total RNA of cells from specific periods of in vitro cultures. This research was based on material obtained from 40 landrace gilts of similar weight, age and the same living conditions. RNA was isolated at specific timeframes: before the culture was established (0 h) and after 48 h, 96 h and 144 h in vitro. Out of 133 differentially expressed genes, we chose the 10 most up-regulated (SFRP2, PDPN, PDE3A, FGFR2, PLK2, THBS1, ETS1, LIF, ANXA1, TGFB1) and the 10 most downregulated (IGF1, NCAPD2, CABLES1, H1FOO, NEK2, PPAT, TXNIP, NUP210, RGS2 and CCNE2). Some of these genes known to play key roles in the regulation of correct cell cycle passage (up-regulated SFRP2, PDE3A, PLK2, LIF and down-regulated CCNE2, TXNIP, NEK2). The data obtained provide a potential reference for studies on the process of mammalian folliculogenesis, as well as suggests possible new genetic markers for cell cycle progress in in vitro cultured porcine granulosa cells.
Collapse
|
6
|
Brązert M, Kranc W, Celichowski P, Ożegowska K, Budna-Tukan J, Jeseta M, Pawelczyk L, Bruska M, Zabel M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. Novel markers of human ovarian granulosa cell differentiation toward osteoblast lineage: A microarray approach. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4403-4414. [PMID: 31702034 PMCID: PMC6797957 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, human ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), are responsible for a number of processes associated with folliculogenesis and oogenesis. The primary functions of GCs in the individual phases of follicle growth are: Hormone production in response to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), induction of ovarian follicle atresia through specific molecular markers and production of nexus cellular connections for communication with the oocyte. In recent years, interest in obtaining stem cells from particular tissues, including the ovary, has increased. Special attention has been paid to the novel properties of GCs during long‑term in vitro culture. It has been demonstrated that the usually recycled material in the form of follicular fluid can be a source of cells with stem‑like properties. The study group consisted of patients enrolled in the in vitro fertilization procedure. Total RNA was isolated from GCs at 4 time points (after 1, 7, 15 and 30 days of culture) and was used for microarray expression analysis (Affymetrix® Human HgU 219 Array). The expression of 22,480 transcripts was examined. The selection of significantly altered genes was based on a P‑value <0.05 and expression higher than two‑fold. The leucine rich repeat containing 17, collagen type I α1 chain, bone morphogenetic protein 4, twist family bHLH transcription factor 1, insulin like growth factor binding protein 5, GLI family zinc finger 2 and collagen triple helix repeat containing genes exhibited the highest changes in expression. Reverse‑transcription‑quantitative PCR was performed to validate the results obtained in the analysis of expression microarrays. The direction of expression changes was validated in the majority of cases. The presented results indicated that GCs have the potential of cells that can differentiate towards osteoblasts in long‑term in vitro culture conditions. Increased expression of genes associated with the osteogenesis process suggests a potential for uninduced change of GC properties towards the osteoblast phenotype. The present study, therefore, suggests that GCs may become an excellent starting material in obtaining stable osteoblast cultures. GCs differentiated towards osteoblasts may be used in regenerative and reconstructive medicine in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Brązert
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ożegowska
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Budna-Tukan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Jeseta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Leszek Pawelczyk
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bruska
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Characteristic of factors influencing the proper course of folliculogenesis in mammals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/acb-2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Folliculogenesis is the process of ovarian follicle formation,, taking presence during foetal period. During the follicular development, oogoniums undergo meiosis and oocytes are formed. In the ovaries of new born sows, primary and secondary follicles are present and, 90 days after birth, tertiary follicles appear. During development in the ovarian follicles growth of granulosa cells and differentiation of the thecal cells can be observed. A cavity filled with follicular fluid appears. Granulosa cells are divided into: mural cells and corona radiata, which together with the oocyte form the cumulus oophorus. Corona radiata cells, mural layers and oolemma contact each other by a network of gap junctions. Secreted from the pituitary gland, FSH and LH gonadotropin hormones act on receptors located in granular and follicular cells. In the postnatal life tertiary follicles and Graafian follicles are formed. When the follicle reaches a diameter of 1 mm, further growth depends on the secretion of gonadotropins. Mature ovarian follicles produce: progestins, androgens and oestrogens. The growth, differentiation and steroidogenic activity of ovarian follicles, in addition to FSH and LH, is also affected by prolactin, oxytocin, steroid and protein hormones, numerous proteins from the cytokine and interleukin family, metabolic hormones like insulin, glucocorticoids, leptin, thyroid hormones and growth hormones. Despite numerous studies, many processes related to folliculogenesis have not been discovered Learning the mechanisms regulating reproductive processes would allow to easily distinguish pathological processes and discover more and more genes and mechanisms of their expression in cells that build ovarian follicles.
Collapse
|
8
|
Significant Down-Regulation of "Biological Adhesion" Genes in Porcine Oocytes after IVM. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122685. [PMID: 29232894 PMCID: PMC5751287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper maturation of the mammalian oocyte is a compound processes determining successful monospermic fertilization, however the number of fully mature porcine oocytes is still unsatisfactory. Since oocytes’ maturation and fertilization involve cellular adhesion and membranous contact, the aim was to investigate cell adhesion ontology group in porcine oocytes. The oocytes were collected from ovaries of 45 pubertal crossbred Landrace gilts and subjected to two BCB tests. After the first test, only granulosa cell-free BCB+ oocytes were directly exposed to microarray assays and RT-qPCR (“before IVM” group), or first in vitro matured and then if classified as BCB+ passed to molecular analyses (“after IVM” group). As a result, we have discovered substantial down-regulation of genes involved in adhesion processes, such as: organization of actin cytoskeleton, migration, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival or angiogenesis in porcine oocytes after IVM, compared to oocytes analyzed before IVM. In conclusion, we found that biological adhesion may be recognized as the process involved in porcine oocytes’ successful IVM. Down-regulation of genes included in this ontology group in immature oocytes after IVM points to their unique function in oocyte’s achievement of fully mature stages. Thus, results indicated new molecular markers involved in porcine oocyte IVM, displaying essential roles in biological adhesion processes.
Collapse
|
9
|
Time- and Dose-Dependent Effects of 17 Beta-Estradiol on Short-Term, Real-Time Proliferation and Gene Expression in Porcine Granulosa Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9738640. [PMID: 28337462 PMCID: PMC5350402 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9738640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The key mechanisms responsible for achievement of full reproductive and developmental capability in mammals are the differentiation and transformation of granulosa cells (GCs) during folliculogenesis, oogenesis, and oocyte maturation. Although the role of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in ovarian activity is widely known, its effect on proliferative capacity, gap junction connection (GJC) formation, and GCs-luteal cells transformation requires further research. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the real-time proliferative activity of porcine GCs in vitro in relation to connexin (Cx), luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), and aromatase (CYP19A1) expression during short-term (168 h) primary culture. The cultured GCs were exposed to acute (at 96 h of culture) and/or prolonged (between 0 and 168 h of culture) administration of 1.8 and 3.6 μM E2. The relative abundance of Cx36, Cx37, Cx40, Cx43, LHR, FSHR, and CYP19A1 mRNA was measured. We conclude that the proliferation capability of GCs in vitro is substantially associated with expression of Cxs, LHR, FSHR, and CYP19A1. Furthermore, the GC-luteal cell transformation in vitro may be significantly accompanied by the proliferative activity of GCs in pigs.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kranc W, Budna J, Chachuła A, Borys S, Bryja A, Rybska M, Ciesiółka S, Sumelka E, Jeseta M, Brüssow KP, Bukowska D, Antosik P, Bruska M, Nowicki M, Zabel M, Kempisty B. "Cell Migration" Is the Ontology Group Differentially Expressed in Porcine Oocytes Before and After In Vitro Maturation: A Microarray Approach. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:273-282. [PMID: 28384068 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturation of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) is crucial for further successful monospermic fertilization, embryo growth, and implantation. All these events are accompanied by proliferation and differentiation of cumulus cells. The migration of COCs to the oviduct after ovulation and the interaction between female gametes and/or embryos with maternal tissues are still poorly recognized on the molecular level. This study was aimed to first demonstrate the mRNA expression profile of cell migration markers during different stages of porcine oocytes maturation and developmental capability in vitro. The COCs were collected from a total of 45 pubertal crossbred Landrace gilts, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) stained, and analyzed before (n = 150) or after (n = 150) in vitro maturation (IVM). Using the Affymetrix® Porcine Gene 1.1 ST Array, the expression profile of 12,258 porcine transcripts was examined. We found nine genes involved in cell migration mechanisms, that is, PLD1, KIT, LAMA2, MAP3K1, VEGFA, TGFBR3, INSR, TPM1, and RTN4. These genes were upregulated in porcine oocytes before IVM as compared with post-IVM expression analysis. Moreover, important mechanisms of biological interaction between VEGFA-KIT and VEGFA-INSR were also observed. The upregulation and/or downregulation of selected mRNAs expression after microarray assays was checked and approved by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We suggest that several genes, including LAMA2 or TPM1, encode proteins participating in the formation of the oocyte's protein architecture such as microtubules and kinetochore reorganization. As the expression of all "migration regulatory genes" investigated in this study was significantly upregulated in oocytes before IVM, we conclude that they may contribute to the maturational capability of porcine oocytes. However, migration potency of COCs is not accompanied by achievement of the MII stage by porcine oocytes in vitro. The investigated genes such as PLD1, KIT, LAMA2, MAP3K1, VEGFA, TGFBR3, INSR, TPM1, and RTN4 may be recognized as a new marker of porcine oocytes maturational competence during in vitro culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiesława Kranc
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Budna
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Adrian Chachuła
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Sylwia Borys
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Bryja
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Rybska
- 3 Institute of Veterinary, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - Sylwia Ciesiółka
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Sumelka
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Jeseta
- 4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klaus P Brüssow
- 3 Institute of Veterinary, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- 3 Institute of Veterinary, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Antosik
- 3 Institute of Veterinary, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bruska
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland .,2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Science , Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Influence of Estradiol-17beta on Progesterone and Estrogen Receptor mRNA Expression in Porcine Follicular Granulosa Cells during Short-Term, In Vitro Real-Time Cell Proliferation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8431018. [PMID: 28116305 PMCID: PMC5223003 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8431018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) play a significant role in mammalian reproduction. Our study demonstrated that separated porcine cumulus cells (CCs) and/or granulosa cells (GCs) might proliferate in vitro during short-term, real-time primary culture. The GCs were analyzed according to gene expression of the progesterone receptor (nuclear form) (pgr), progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (pgrmc1), and estrogen-related receptor beta 3 (esrrb3) in relation to two housekeeping genes: actb and pbgd. GCs were cultivated in medium with the E2. Both pgr/actb and pgr/pbgd revealed higher expression between 24 and 168 h of IVC of prolonged E2 treatment and at 48 h of IVC after acute E2 administration. The pgrmc1/actb and pgrmc1/pbgd displayed increased expression after prolonged E2 treatment between 24 and 120 h of IVC. The highest level of esrrb3/actb at 120 and 144 h, as well as esrrb3/pbgd at 120 h, in untreated controls as compared to the hormone-stimulated group, was observed. We suggest that E2 significantly influences the upregulation of pgr, pgrmc1, and esrrb3 expression in porcine GCs during real-time cell proliferation. Since esrrb3 expression is stimulated by E2 in both an acute and prolonged manner, estradiol may be recognized as a potential estrogen receptor agonist in GCs.
Collapse
|