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Farooqui N, Subbiah A, Chaturvedi P, Sati H, Singh G, Bhowmik D, Agarwal SK, Bagchi S. Association of vitamin D status with disease severity and outcome in Indian patients with IgA nephropathy. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:15. [PMID: 36650464 PMCID: PMC9843909 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been examined as a risk factor for severity and progression of kidney disease due to its immunomodulatory effects. There is paucity of data about its impact in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, 25 (OH) vitamin D assay was performed in bio-banked baseline serum samples collected during kidney biopsy of 105 adult patients with primary IgAN diagnosed between 2015 and 2019. A level of < 10 ng/mL was defined as Vitamin D deficiency. RESULTS Mean age of patients was 34 ± 10.6 years, 69.5% were males. Mean baseline 25(OH) Vitamin D levels was 15.9 ± 11.9 ng/mL and 41(39%) patients had vitamin D deficiency. Serum albumin level was lower in vitamin D deficient patients compared to those who had higher vitamin D levels (3.7 ± 0.9 vs 4.1 ± 0.7 g/dl, p = 0.018)but there was no significant difference in baseline proteinuria and eGFR. Crescentic lesions were more frequent in vitamin D deficient group (19.5% vs 6.3%, p = 0.022). At median follow up of 21.5 months (6 - 56 months), there was no difference in remission (68.3% vs 65.6%, p = 0.777) and disease progression (12.5% vs 9.4%, p = 0.614) in those with and without Vitamin D deficiency respectively. On multivariate cox proportional hazard analysis, vitamin D deficiency was not a significant risk factor for renal survival (HR-1.79, 95% confidence interval:0.50-6.34, p = 0.368). CONCLUSION There was no association between vitamin D deficiency and disease profile as well as renal outcome in Indian patients with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naba Farooqui
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Arunkumar Subbiah
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Chaturvedi
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hem Sati
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Geetika Singh
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipankar Bhowmik
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay K. Agarwal
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumita Bagchi
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Zhao M, Yang B, Li L, Si Y, Chang M, Ma S, Li R, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Efficacy of Modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction in alleviating renal fibrosis in rats with IgA nephropathy by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway through exosome regulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114795. [PMID: 34737009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE IgA nephropathy is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis and is a major cause of renal failure worldwide. Modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction (MHCD), a traditional Chinese herbal preparation, has clinical efficacy in reducing the 24-h urine protein levels in patients with IgA nephropathy. However, the molecular mechanism of MHCD needs further study. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which MHCD treatment alleviates renal fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS An IgA nephropathy rat model was established using bovine serum albumin, carbon tetrachloride, and lipopolysaccharide. The rats were divided into control, model, telmisartan, low-dose MHCD, medium-dose MHCD, and high-dose MHCD groups. Treatments were administered to these groups for 8 weeks. Subsequently, the 24-h urine protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and blood albumin levels were measured. Pathological changes and degree of fibrosis in renal tissues were observed, and levels of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 signaling pathway components in renal tissues and TGF-β1 in urinary exosomes were measured. RESULTS Telmisartan and MHCD reduced 24-h urine protein levels, alleviated renal pathological injury, and decreased the renal expression of fibronectin, laminin, and collagen IV in rats with IgA nephropathy. Urinary exosomes were extracted and identified for further investigation of their role in renal fibrosis. MHCD reduced TGF-β1 expression in urinary exosomes and reduced TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 levels in renal tissues. CONCLUSION MHCD alleviated renal fibrosis in rats with IgA nephropathy by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway through the downregulation of TGF-β1 expression in exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Liusheng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuan Si
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Meiying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ronghai Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Aged Care Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Hu X, Zhou W, Wu S, Wang R, Luan Z, Geng X, Xu N, Zhang Z, Ruan Z, Wang Z, Li F, Yu C, Ren H. Tacrolimus alleviates LPS-induced AKI by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:507-514. [PMID: 34889045 PMCID: PMC8743665 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a model of clinical serious care syndrome, with high morbidity and mortality. Tacrolimus (TAC), a novel immunosuppressant that inhibits inflammatory response, plays a pivotal role in kidney diseases. In this study, LPS treated mice and cultured podocytes were used as the models of SA-AKI in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Medium- and high-dose TAC administration significantly attenuated renal function and renal pathological manifestations at 12, 24 and 48 h after LPS treatment in mice. Moreover, the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differential protein-88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κB) signalling pathway was also dramatically inhibited by medium- and high-dose TAC administration at 12, 24 and 48 h of LPS treatment mice. In addition, TAC reversed LPS-induced podocyte cytoskeletal injury and podocyte migratory capability. Our findings indicate that TAC has protective effects against LPS-induced AKI by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway and podocyte dysfunction, providing another potential therapeutic effects for the LPS-induced SA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Hu
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Wenqian Zhou
- Department of NephrologyTongji HospitalSchool of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shun Wu
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhiyong Luan
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Xin Geng
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhaoyong Zhang
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhenmin Ruan
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zenghui Wang
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Furong Li
- Department of NephrologyXinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of NephrologyTongji HospitalSchool of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hongqi Ren
- Department of Nephrologythe Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
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Huang J, An Q, Ju BM, Zhang J, Fan P, He L, Wang L. Role of vitamin D/VDR nuclear translocation in down-regulation of NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 axis in lupus nephritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108131. [PMID: 34536747 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and NLRP3 inflammasome play critical roles in lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis. AIM OF THE STUDY This study explored the therapeutic effect of VDR agonist on LN and its molecular mechanism to inhibit NLRP3 signalling. METHODS C57BL/6 mice, lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice, and VDR agonist paricacitol-treated MRL/lpr mice (300 ng/kg/mouse per dose, 5 times/week for 8 weeks from 8 weeks old) were used to assess kidney histopathology and measure proteinuria, serum anti-ds-DNA antibody and expression of NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis. We used mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs) to identify protein-protein interactions and examine the effects of paricalcitol. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION LN pathogenesis decreased after paricalcitol treatment. We observed a marked improvement in renal pathology and a time-dependent decrease urine protein and serum anti-dsDNA antibody levels. In 16-week-old MRL/lpr LN mice, the upregulated expression of NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis was significantly downregulated after paricalcitol treatment. Paricalcitol can reverse the apoptosis induced by anti-dsDNA antibody via the NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis in mRTECs. Furthermore, paricalcitol suppressed NF-κB nuclear translocation by competitively binding to importin-4. In summary, the VDR agonist can alleviate LN by modulating the NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis and suppressing the NF-κB nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi An
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo-Miao Ju
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lan He
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xibei Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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Vitamin D and hydroxychloroquine reduce renal injury and Ki67 expression in a rat model of IgA nephropathy via TLR4. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:2896-2898. [PMID: 34475327 PMCID: PMC8667972 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Lee M, Lee G, Kang HG, Suh JS. New susceptible locus, rs9428555, is associated with pediatric-onset immunoglobulin A nephropathy and immunoglobulin A vasculitis in Koreans. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:1049-1057. [PMID: 34146253 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common primary forms of glomerulonephritis, while IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is the most common systemic vasculitis in children. OBJECTIVE Herein we aimed to uncover single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with these two related diseases by applying association tests and Sanger sequencing. METHODS Within the discovery stage, genomic DNA in blood samples from 101 enrolled patients were genotyped by the Korean Biobank Array. Association tests were performed with 397 Korean reference genomes. In the validation stage, 26 independent samples were genotyped by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Four SNPs were identified (P < 5 × 10-8) in the discovery stage. To determine whether the genotypes determined by SNP array were accurate, additional genotyping via Sanger sequencing was performed. As a result, only one SNP, rs9428555, was properly genotyped. In the validation stage, the minor allele (A > G) was found in as many as 15 out of 26 samples (minor allele frequency = 0.288), even though this minor allele is rare in East Asians (< 3%). CONCLUSIONS We found rs9428555 as a novel susceptible locus associated with the development of both IgAN and IgAV in Koreans. Though we cannot conclude rs9428555 is the unique susceptible locus of IgAN and IgAV, it is likely a good marker as the minor allele of this SNP occurred much more often in the patient group here versus within East Asians as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunhee Lee
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University, College of Medicine and Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soon Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Vitamin D and Glomerulonephritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57020186. [PMID: 33671780 PMCID: PMC7926883 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D presents a plethora of different functions that go beyond its role in skeletal homeostasis. It is an efficient endocrine regulator of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS) and erythropoiesis, exerts immunomodulatory effects, reduces the cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. In Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients, Vitamin D function is impaired; the renal hydrolyzation of its inactive form by the action of 1α-hydroxylase declines at the same pace of reduced nephron mass. Moreover, Vitamin D major carrier, the D-binding protein (DBP), is less represented due to Nephrotic Syndrome (NS), proteinuria, and the alteration of the cubilin–megalin–amnionless receptor complex in the renal proximal tubule. In Glomerulonephritis (GN), Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated to significantly reduce proteinuria and to slow kidney disease progression. It also has potent antiproliferative and immunomodulating functions, contributing to the inhibitions of kidney inflammation. Vitamin D preserves the structural integrity of the slit diaphragm guaranteeing protective effects on podocytes. Activated Vitamin D has been demonstrated to potentiate the antiproteinuric effect of RAAS inhibitors in IgA nephropathy and Lupus Nephritis, enforcing its role in the treatment of glomerulonephritis: calcitriol treatment, through Vitamin D receptor (VDR) action, can regulate the heparanase promoter activity and modulate the urokinase receptor (uPAR), guaranteeing podocyte preservation. It also controls the podocyte distribution by modulating mRNA synthesis and protein expression of nephrin and podocin. Maxalcalcitol is another promising alternative: it has about 1/600 affinity to vitamin D binding protein (DBP), compared to Calcitriol, overcoming the risk of hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and calcifications, and it circulates principally in unbound form with easier availability for target tissues. Doxercalciferol, as well as paricalcitol, showed a lower incidence of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria than Calcitriol. Paricalcitol demonstrated a significant role in suppressing RAAS genes expression: it significantly decreases angiotensinogen, renin, renin receptors, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels, thus reducing proteinuria and renal damage. The purpose of this article is to establish the Vitamin D role on immunomodulation, inflammatory and autoimmune processes in GN.
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Li H, Lu R, Pang Y, Li J, Cao Y, Fu H, Fang G, Chen Q, Liu B, Wu J, Zhou Y, Zhou J. Zhen-Wu-Tang Protects IgA Nephropathy in Rats by Regulating Exosomes to Inhibit NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1080. [PMID: 32765277 PMCID: PMC7381112 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most frequent kinds of primary glomerulonephritis characterized by IgA immune complexes deposition and glomerular proliferation. Zhen-wu-tang (ZWT), a well-known traditional Chinese formula has been reported to ameliorate various kidney diseases. However, its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. Exosomes have been described in diverse renal diseases by mediating cellular communication but rarely in the IgAN. The purpose of the present study is to explore whether the underlying mechanisms of the effect of ZWT on IgAN is correlated to exosomes. Our results demonstrated that in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, exosomes are obviously released after ZWT-containing serum treatment especially with 10% ZWT. In addition, once released, HK-2-derived exosomes were uptaked by human mesangial cells (HMC), which impeded the activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway to exert anti-inflammatory effects in a lipopolysaccharide induced proliferation model. Moreover, IgAN rat model was established by bovine serum albumin, CCL4 mixed solution and LPS. We found that 10% ZWT could significantly promote the release of exosomes from HK-2 and inhibit HMC proliferation to improve inflammation. Thus HK-2-derived exosomes treated with 10% ZWT (ZWT-EXO) were administered to the rats by tail vein injection. Our results showed that ZWT-EXO decreased the levels of 24 h proteinuria, urinary erythrocyte, IgA deposition in glomerulus and renal pathological injury which ameliorated the kidney damage. In addition, ZWT was able to dramatically promote secretion of exosomes in renal tissues while blocked NF-κB nuclear translocation as well as activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the inhibition of IL-1β and caspase-1. In conclusion, our study reveal that ZWT has protective effects on IgAN by regulating exosomes secretion to inhibit the activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, thereby attenuating the renal dysfunction. These findings may provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jicheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxing Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhe Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bihao Liu
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbiao Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Effects of vitamin D on drugs: Response and disposal. Nutrition 2020; 74:110734. [PMID: 32179384 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D supplementation and vitamin D deficiency are common in clinical experience and in daily life. Vitamin D not only promotes calcium absorption and immune regulation, but also changes drug effects (pharmacodynamics and adverse reactions) and drug disposal in vivo when combined with various commonly used clinical drugs. The extensive physiological effects of vitamin D may cause synergism effects or alleviation of adverse reactions, and vitamin D's affect on drugs in vivo disposal through drug transporters or metabolic enzymes may also lead to changes in drug effects. Herein, the effects of vitamin D combined with commonly used drugs were reviewed from the perspective of drug efficacy and adverse reactions. The effects of vitamin D on drug transport and metabolism were summarized and analyzed. Hopefully, more attention will be paid to vitamin D supplementation and deficiency in clinical treatment and drug research and development.
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Ruszkowski J, Lisowska KA, Pindel M, Heleniak Z, Dębska-Ślizień A, Witkowski JM. T cells in IgA nephropathy: role in pathogenesis, clinical significance and potential therapeutic target. Clin Exp Nephrol 2019; 23:291-303. [PMID: 30406499 PMCID: PMC6394565 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-018-1665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), the most frequent cause of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, is an autoimmune disease with complex pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on T cells and summarize knowledge about their involvement in pathophysiology and treatment of IgAN METHODS: We reviewed the literature for (1) alterations of T cell subpopulations in IgAN, (2) experimental and clinical proofs for T cells' participation in IgAN pathogenesis, (3) clinical correlations with T cell-associated alterations, and (4) influence of drugs used in IgAN therapy on T cell subpopulations. RESULTS We found that IgAN is characterized by higher proportions of circulatory Th2, Tfh, Th17, Th22 and γδ T cells, but lower Th1 and Treg cells. We discuss genetic and epigenetic makeup that may contribute to this immunological phenotype. We found that Th2, Th17 and Tfh-type interleukins contribute to elevated synthesis of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) and that the production of anti-Gd-IgA1 autoantibodies may be stimulated by Tfh cells. We described the roles of Th2, Th17, Th22 and Treg cells in the renal injury and summarized correlations between T cell-associated alterations and clinical features of IgAN (proteinuria, reduced GFR, hematuria). We detailed the impact of immunosuppressive drugs on T cell subpopulations and found that the majority of drugs have nonoptimal influence on T cells in IgAN patients. CONCLUSIONS T cells play an important role in IgAN pathogenesis and are correlated with its clinical severity. Clinical trials with the drugs targeting the reported alterations of the T-cell compartment are highly desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Ruszkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna A Lisowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pindel
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Heleniak
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Dębska-Ślizień
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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Li L, Wan Q, Yang S, Zhao S. Impact of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism on Chronic Renal Failure Susceptibility. Ther Apher Dial 2018; 22:575-587. [PMID: 30058766 DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Medicine; Hunan Environment-Biological Polytechnic; Hengyang China
| | - Qingsong Wan
- Department of Nephrology; The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China; Hengyang China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Saili Zhao
- Department of Nephrology; The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China; Hengyang China
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12
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Yang S, Li A, Wang J, Liu J, Han Y, Zhang W, Li YC, Zhang H. Vitamin D Receptor: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Kidney Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2018; 25:3256-3271. [PMID: 29446731 PMCID: PMC6142412 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180214122352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney disease is a serious problem that adversely affects human health, but critical knowledge is lacking on how to effectively treat established chronic kidney disease. Mounting evidence from animal and clinical studies has suggested that Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) activation has beneficial effects on various renal diseases. METHODS A structured search of published research literature regarding VDR structure and function, VDR in various renal diseases (e.g., IgA nephropathy, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, renal cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis) and therapies targeting VDR was performed for several databases. RESULT Included in this study are the results from 177 published research articles. Evidence from these papers indicates that VDR activation is involved in the protection against renal injury in kidney diseases by a variety of mechanisms, including suppression of RAS activation, anti-inflammation, inhibiting renal fibrogenesis, restoring mitochondrial function, suppression of autoimmunity and renal cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION VDR offers an attractive druggable target for renal diseases. Increasing our understanding of VDR in the kidney is a fertile area of research and may provide effective weapons in the fight against kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Zhang
- Address correspondence to this author is at the Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Tel: 86-731-88638238; E-mail:
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