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Martenies SE, Oloo A, Magzamen S, Ji N, Khalili R, Kaur S, Xu Y, Yang T, Bastain TM, Breton CV, Farzan SF, Habre R, Dabelea D. Independent and joint effects of neighborhood-level environmental and socioeconomic exposures on body mass index in early childhood: The environmental influences on child health outcomes (ECHO) cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 253:119109. [PMID: 38751004 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Past studies support the hypothesis that the prenatal period influences childhood growth. However, few studies explore the joint effects of exposures that occur simultaneously during pregnancy. To explore the feasibility of using mixtures methods with neighborhood-level environmental exposures, we assessed the effects of multiple prenatal exposures on body mass index (BMI) from birth to age 24 months. We used data from two cohorts: Healthy Start (n = 977) and Maternal and Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES; n = 303). BMI was measured at delivery and 6, 12, and 24 months and standardized as z-scores. We included variables for air pollutants, built and natural environments, food access, and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES). We used two complementary statistical approaches: single-exposure linear regression and quantile-based g-computation. Models were fit separately for each cohort and time point and were adjusted for relevant covariates. Single-exposure models identified negative associations between NO2 and distance to parks and positive associations between low neighborhood SES and BMI z-scores for Healthy Start participants; for MADRES participants, we observed negative associations between O3 and distance to parks and BMI z-scores. G-computations models produced comparable results for each cohort: higher exposures were generally associated with lower BMI, although results were not significant. Results from the g-computation models, which do not require a priori knowledge of the direction of associations, indicated that the direction of associations between mixture components and BMI varied by cohort and time point. Our study highlights challenges in assessing mixtures effects at the neighborhood level and in harmonizing exposure data across cohorts. For example, geospatial data of neighborhood-level exposures may not fully capture the qualities that might influence health behavior. Studies aiming to harmonize geospatial data from different geographical regions should consider contextual factors when operationalizing exposure variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena E Martenies
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Family Resiliency Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Alice Oloo
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sheryl Magzamen
- Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nan Ji
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roxana Khalili
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simrandeep Kaur
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tingyu Yang
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theresa M Bastain
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rima Habre
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA; Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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2
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Luo C, Wei T, Jiang W, Yang YP, Zhang MX, Xiong CL, Tung TH. The association between air pollution and obesity: an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1856. [PMID: 38992628 PMCID: PMC11238414 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this umbrella review was to investigate comprehensive and synthesized evidence of the association between ambient air pollution and obesity based on the current systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Related studies from databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, published before July 16, 2023, were considered in the analysis. All selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The risk of bias and the methodological quality were evaluated using the AMSTAR 2 tool. The protocol for this umbrella review was documented in PROSPERO with the registration number: CRD42023450191. This umbrella review identified 7 studies, including 5 meta-analyses and 2 systematic reviews, to assess the impacts of air pollutants on obesity. Commonly examined air pollutants included PM1, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, O3. Most of the included studies presented that air pollution exposure was positively associated with the increased risk of obesity. The impact of air pollution on obesity varied by different ambient air pollutants. This study provided compelling evidence that exposure to air pollution had a positive association with the risk of obesity. These findings further indicate the importance of strengthening air pollution prevention and control. Future studies should elucidate the possible mechanisms and pathways linking air pollution to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Luo
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weicong Jiang
- Department of Financial Markets, Linhai Rural Commercial Bank, Linhai, China
| | - Yu-Pei Yang
- Department of Hematology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Mei-Xian Zhang
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cai-Lian Xiong
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China.
- Taizhou Institute of Medicine, Health and New Drug Clinical Research, Taizhou, China.
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3
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Du X, Chen R, Kan H. Challenges of Air Pollution and Health in East Asia. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:89-101. [PMID: 38321318 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Air pollution has been a serious environmental and public health issue worldwide, particularly in Asian countries. There have been significant increases in epidemiological studies on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone pollution in East Asia, and an in-depth review of epidemiological evidence is urgent. Thus, we carried out a systematic review of the epidemiological research on PM2.5 and ozone pollution in East Asia released in recent years. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have indicated that PM2.5 and ozone are the most detrimental air pollutants to human health, resulting in substantial disease burdens for Asian populations. Many epidemiological studies of PM2.5 and ozone have been mainly performed in three East Asian countries (China, Japan, and South Korea). We derived the following summary findings: (1) both short-term and long-term exposure to PM2.5 and ozone could raise the risks of mortality and morbidity, emphasizing the need for continuing improvements in air quality in East Asia; (2) the long-term associations between PM2.5 and mortality in East Asia are comparable to those observed in Europe and North America, whereas the short-term associations are relatively smaller in magnitude; and (3) further cohort and intervention studies are required to yield robust and precise evidence that can promote evidence-based policymaking in East Asia. This updated review presented an outline of the health impacts of PM2.5 and ozone in East Asia, which may be beneficial for the development of future regulatory policies and standards, as well as for designing subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihao Du
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, China.
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Chen M, Strodl E, Yang W, Yin X, Wen G, Sun D, Xian D, Zhao Y, Chen W. Independent and Joint Effects of Prenatal Incense-Burning Smoke Exposure and Children's Early Outdoor Activity on Preschoolers' Obesity. TOXICS 2024; 12:329. [PMID: 38787109 PMCID: PMC11126066 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Incense burning is a significant source of indoor air pollution in many Asian regions. There is emerging evidence that maternal prenatal exposure to incense-burning smoke may be a risk factor for childhood obesity. We aimed to extend this new line of research by investigating the independent and joint effect of incense-burning smoke exposure, and children's outdoor activity in early life, on preschoolers' obesity. A total of 69,637 mother-child dyads were recruited from all kindergartens in the Longhua District of Shenzhen, China. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, maternal exposure to incense-burning smoke (IBS) during pregnancy, and frequency and duration of outdoor activity at the age of 1-3 years was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. In addition, the heights and weights of the children were measured by the research team. Logistic regression models and cross-over analyses were conducted to investigate the independent and combined effects of maternal exposure to incense-burning smoke during pregnancy and children's early outdoor activity on obesity in preschoolers. We found that prenatal exposure to incense-burning smoke increased the risk of the presence of obesity in preschoolers' (AOR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.03-1.23). Additionally, lower frequencies (<3 times/week) or shorter durations (<60 min/time) of outdoor activity from the age of 1-3 years were significantly associated with the presence of obesity, with AORs of 1.24 (95% CI =1.18-1.32) and 1.11 (95% CI = 1.05-1.17), respectively. Furthermore, the cross-over analysis showed that prenatal exposure to IBS combined with a lower frequency of early outdoor activity (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.31-1.66) or a shorter duration of outdoor activity during ages of 1-3 years (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.07-1.39) increased the risk of obesity in preschoolers. Finally, additive interactions between prenatal exposure to IBS and postnatal outdoor activity on obesity were identified. Our study indicates that maternal exposure to incense-burning smoke during pregnancy and early lower postanal outdoor activity may independently and jointly increase the risk of obesity among preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Esben Strodl
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
| | - Weikang Yang
- Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Longhua District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Xiaona Yin
- Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Longhua District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Guomin Wen
- Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Longhua District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Dengli Sun
- Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Longhua District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Danxia Xian
- Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Longhua District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Yafen Zhao
- Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Longhua District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Weiqing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
- School of Health Management, Xinhua College of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510080, China
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5
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Zhou S, Li T, Han N, Zhang K, Chen G, Zhang Y, Li Q, Ji Y, Liu J, Wang H, Hu J, Liu T, Raat H, Guo Y, Wang H. The joint effects of prenatal exposure to PM 2.5 constituents and reduced fetal growth on children's accelerated growth in the first 3 years: a birth cohort study. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00658-x. [PMID: 38532124 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00658-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constituents exposure and reduced fetal growth may be risk factors for accelerated growth in early childhood, an important indicator for lifelong health. OBJECTIVE The study investigated whether the joint effects are present between PM2.5 constituents and reduced fetal growth. METHODS The study was embedded in a birth cohort in China, including 5424 mother-child pairs. Prenatal PM2.5 and its constituents' [organic carbon (OC), elementary carbon (EC), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), and sulfate (SO42-)] concentrations were estimated based on maternal residential addresses. Fetal growth was evaluated by fetal growth trajectory in utero and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA). Children's accelerated growth was defined as body mass index (BMI) Z-score change of >0.67 between birth and 3 years. Generalized logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of prenatal PM2.5 constituents exposure and fetal growth on children's accelerated growth. Joint effect was tested on multiplicative scale and additive scale with the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). RESULTS Children with lower fetal growth trajectory, PTB, LBW, and SGA had increased odds of children's accelerated growth, with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.704 to 11.605. Compared with lower exposure (≤median), higher exposure (>median) of PM2.5, OC, and SO42- were significantly associated with increased odds of children's accelerated growth, varying in ORs from 1.163 to 1.478. Prenatal exposure to OC had joint effects with lower fetal growth on children's accelerated growth. We observed that the interaction was statistically significant on an additive scale in OC and lower fetal growth trajectory (RERI: 0.497, 95% CI: 0.033,0.962). IMPACT Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a huge threat to human health worldwide, causing 6.7 million death globally in 2019. According to the theory of DOHaD, prenatal PM2.5 exposure could influence early childhood growth, which is important for lifelong health. We found that prenatal exposure to PM2.5, OC, and SO42- was associated with higher risk of accelerated childhood growth in the first 3 years. More importantly, reduced fetal growth moderated these associations. Our findings highlight the need for policies and interventions on PM2.5 constituents to improve lifelong health, especially for those vulnerable populations with reduced fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Na Han
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Beijing, 101101, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Yuelong Ji
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, 100191, Beijing, China.
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6
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Zheng J, Zhang H, Shi J, Li X, Zhang J, Zhang K, Gao Y, He J, Dai J, Wang J. Association of air pollution exposure with overweight or obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168589. [PMID: 37984657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Childhood overweight and obesity is a global problem. 38 million children under five years old were reported as being overweight/obese in 2019. However, current evidence regarding the effects of air pollution on children weight status remains scarce and inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the association between air pollutants and the weight status of children and adolescents. Four databases were searched up to August 9, 2023. Adjusted merged odds ratios (ORs), regression coefficients (β), and their 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were calculated and pooled. A total of 27 studies were included. The results showed that air pollutants had adverse effects on the body weight of children and adolescents. Exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PMcoarse, and PM10 were associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity, with pooled ORs (95 % CI) of 1.23 (1.09, 1.40), 1.18 (1.10, 1.28), 1.04 (1.03, 1.05) and 1.11 (1.06, 1.17) per 10 μg/m3 increment, respectively. Individuals with higher exposure levels to NOX, O3, SO2 and CO (per 10 μg/m3 increment) were associated with 12 %, 6 %, 28 % and 1 % increased odds of being overweight/obese, respectively. With respect to the level of body mass index, the pooled β (95 % CIs) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NOX exposure were 0.15 (0.12, 0.18), 0.11 (0.06, 0.16), 0.07 (0.03, 0.10), and 0.03 (0.01, 0.04), respectively. PM1 has relatively strong adverse effects on body weight status. The subgroup analysis revealed a significantly increase in the risk of overweight/obesity when the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 exceeded 35 μg/m3, 50 μg/m3, and 40 μg/m3, respectively. Exposure to PM2.5, PM10 and NOX increased the risk of overweight/obesity, especially in Asia. This study provides evidence of the association between air pollution and being overweight/obese in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Zheng
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jianyang Shi
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kunlun Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yameng Gao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jingtong He
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jianghong Dai
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 834000, China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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7
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Wang Y, Li W, Chen S, Zhang J, Liu X, Jiang J, Chen L, Tang Z, Wan X, Lian X, Liang B, Xie S, Ma J, Guo X, Dong Y, Wu L, Li J, Koutrakis P. PM 2.5 constituents associated with childhood obesity and larger BMI growth trajectory: A 14-year longitudinal study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108417. [PMID: 38199130 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of specific PM2.5 chemical constituents with childhood overweight or obesity (OWOB) remain unclear. Furthermore, the long-term impacts of PM2.5 exposure on the trajectory of children's body mass index (BMI) have not been explored. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal study among 1,450,830 Chinese children aged 6-19 years from Beijing and Zhongshan in China during 2005-2018 to examine the associations of PM2.5 and its chemical constituents with incident OWOB risk. We extracted PM2.5 mass and five main component exposure from Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) dataset. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to quantify exposure-response associations. We further performed principal component analysis (PCA) to handle the multi-collinearity and used quantile g-computation (QGC) approach to analyze the impacts of exposure mixtures. Additionally, we selected 125,863 children with at least 8 physical examination measurements and combined group-based trajectory models (GBTM) with multinomial logistic regression models to explore the impacts of exposure to PM2.5 mass and five constituents on BMI and BMI Z-score trajectories during 6-19 years. RESULTS We observed each interquartile range increment in PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with a 5.1 % increase in the risk of incident OWOB (95 % confidence Interval [CI]: 1.036-1.066). We also found black carbon, sulfate, organic matter, often linked to fossil combustion, had comparable or larger estimates of the effect (HR = 1.139-1.153) than PM2.5. Furthermore, Exposure to PM2.5 mass, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic matter and black carbon was significantly associated with an increased odds of being in a larger BMI trajectory and being assigned to persistent OWOB trajectory. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that the constituents mainly from fossil fuel combustion may have a perceptible influence on increased OWOB risk associated with PM2.5 exposure in China. Moreover, long-term exposure to PM2.5 contributes to an increased odds of being in a lager BMI and a persistent OWOB trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiangtong Liu
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziqi Tang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wan
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyao Lian
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Baosheng Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shaodong Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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8
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Friedman C, Dabelea D, Glueck DH, Allshouse WB, Adgate JL, Keller KP, Martenies SE, Magzamen S, Starling AP. Early-life exposure to residential black carbon and childhood cardiometabolic health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117285. [PMID: 37832765 PMCID: PMC10842121 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life exposure to air pollution, such as particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), may be associated with obesity and adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes in childhood. However, the toxicity of PM2.5 varies according to its chemical composition. Black carbon (BC) is a constituent of PM2.5, but few studies have examined its impact on childhood cardiometabolic health. Therefore, we examined relationships between prenatal and early childhood exposure to BC and markers of adiposity and cardiometabolic health in early childhood. METHODS This study included 578 mother-child pairs enrolled in the Healthy Start study (2009-2014) living in the Denver-metro area. Using a spatiotemporal prediction model, we assessed average residential black carbon levels during pregnancy and in the year prior to the early childhood follow-up visit at approximately 5 years old. We estimated associations between prenatal and early childhood BC and indicators of adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers in early childhood (mean 4.8 years; range, 4.0, 8.3), using linear regression. RESULTS We found higher early childhood BC was associated with higher percent fat mass, fat mass index, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lower leptin and waist circumference at approximately 5 years old, after adjusting for covariates. For example, per interquartile range (IQR) increase in early childhood BC (IQR, 0.49 μg/m3) there was 3.32% higher fat mass (95% CI; 2.05, 4.49). Generally, we did not find consistent evidence of associations between prenatal BC and cardiometabolic health outcomes in early childhood, except for an inverse association between prenatal BC and adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone typically inversely associated with adiposity. CONCLUSIONS Higher early childhood, but not in utero, ambient concentrations of black carbon, a component of air pollution, were associated with greater adiposity and altered insulin homeostasis at approximately 5 years old. Future studies should examine whether these changes persist later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Friedman
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Deborah H Glueck
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - William B Allshouse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John L Adgate
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kayleigh P Keller
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sheena E Martenies
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sheryl Magzamen
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Anne P Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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9
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Ji N, Johnson M, Eckel SP, Gauderman WJ, Chavez TA, Berhane K, Faham D, Lurmann F, Pavlovic NR, Grubbs BH, Lerner D, Habre R, Farzan SF, Bastain TM, Breton CV. Prenatal ambient air pollution exposure and child weight trajectories from the 3rd trimester of pregnancy to 2 years of age: a cohort study. BMC Med 2023; 21:341. [PMID: 37674158 PMCID: PMC10483706 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal air pollution exposure may increase risk for childhood obesity. However, few studies have evaluated in utero growth measures and infant weight trajectories. This study will evaluate the associations of prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants with weight trajectories from the 3rd trimester through age 2 years. METHODS We studied 490 pregnant women who were recruited from the Maternal and Development Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) cohort, which comprises a low-income, primarily Hispanic population in Los Angeles, California. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter < 10 µm (PM10), particulate matter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and ozone (O3) concentrations during pregnancy were estimated from regulatory air monitoring stations. Fetal weight was estimated from maternal ultrasound records. Infant/child weight measurements were extracted from medical records or measured during follow-up visits. Piecewise spline models were used to assess the effect of air pollutants on weight, overall growth, and growth during each period. RESULTS The mean (SD) prenatal exposure concentrations for NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and O3 were 16.4 (2.9) ppb, 12.0 (1.1) μg/m3, 28.5 (4.7) μg/m3, and 26.2 (2.9) ppb, respectively. Comparing an increase in prenatal average air pollutants from the 10th to the 90th percentile, the growth rate from the 3rd trimester to age 3 months was significantly increased (1.55% [95%CI 1.20%, 1.99%] for PM2.5 and 1.64% [95%CI 1.27%, 2.13%] for NO2), the growth rate from age 6 months to age 2 years was significantly decreased (0.90% [95%CI 0.82%, 1.00%] for NO2), and the attained weight at age 2 years was significantly lower (- 7.50% [95% CI - 13.57%, - 1.02%] for PM10 and - 7.00% [95% CI - 11.86%, - 1.88%] for NO2). CONCLUSIONS Prenatal ambient air pollution was associated with variable changes in growth rate and attained weight from the 3rd trimester to age 2 years. These results suggest continued public health benefits of reducing ambient air pollution levels, particularly in marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ji
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | | | - Sandrah P Eckel
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | - William J Gauderman
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | - Thomas A Chavez
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Dema Faham
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | - Fred Lurmann
- Sonoma Technology Inc., Petaluma, CA, 94954, USA
| | | | - Brendan H Grubbs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | | | - Rima Habre
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | - Theresa M Bastain
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90039, USA.
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10
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Makker K, Wang X. Early Life Origins of Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in Boston Birth Cohort: Review of Findings and Future directions. PRECISION NUTRITION 2023; 2:e00050. [PMID: 38283709 PMCID: PMC10810337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Makker
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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11
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Zhou S, Li T, Han N, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Li Q, Ji Y, Liu J, Wang H, Hu J, Liu T, Raat H, Wang H. Prenatal exposure to PM 2.5 and its constituents with children's BMI Z-score in the first three years: A birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116326. [PMID: 37271439 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited studies evaluated the effect of prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on childhood growth and no consensus reached yet. No study explored the effect of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents on childhood growth in a region with high PM2.5 levels (>50 μg/m3). The present study aimed to examine the association of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents with children's BMI Z-score in the first three years. METHODS The present study was based on a birth cohort in Beijing, China, involving 15,745 mothers with their children who were followed to three years old. We estimated prenatal PM2.5 and its constituents [organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), and ammonium (NH4+)] concentrations based on residential addresses at birth. Height (or length) and weight of children were repeatedly measured, and body mass index (BMI) Z-score was calculated at one, two, and three years old. Generalized linear regression and generalized estimating equation were used to examine the associations between prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents with BMI Z-score in the first three years. RESULTS Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents was generally associated with higher BMI Z-score of children aged one, two, and three years. One IQR increase of PM2.5, OC, EC, NO3-, NH4+, and SO42- (21.30 μg/m3, 11.52 μg/m3, 2.40 μg/m3, 8.28 μg/m3, 2.42 μg/m3, and 8.80 μg/m3, respectively) was associated with 0.13 (95%CI: 0.10, 0.16), 0.24 (95%CI: 0.19, 0.29), 0.12 (95%CI: 0.09, 0.16), 0.13 (95%CI: 0.09, 0.17), 0.11 (95%CI: 0.08, 0.13), and 0.24 (95%CI: 0.19, 0.30) increase in BMI Z-score from one to three years old, respectively. CONCLUSION The study suggested that prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents was associated with higher BMI Z-score of children in the first three years. Public health policy for controlling harmful PM2.5 constituents should be developed to promote child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Na Han
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York One University Place, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuelong Ji
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianlin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
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12
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Huang W, Meir AY, Olapeju B, Wang G, Hong X, Venkataramani M, Cheng TL, Igusa T, Liang L, Wang X. Defining longitudinal trajectory of body mass index percentile and predicting childhood obesity: methodologies and findings in the Boston Birth Cohort. PRECISION NUTRITION 2023; 2:e00037. [PMID: 37745028 PMCID: PMC10513013 DOI: 10.1097/pn9.0000000000000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Overweight or obesity (OWO) in school-age childhood tends to persist into adulthood. This study aims to address a critical need for early identification of children at high risk of developing OWO by defining and analyzing longitudinal trajectories of body mass index percentile (BMIPCT) during early developmental windows. Methods We included 3029 children from the Boston Birth Cohort (BBC) with repeated BMI measurements from birth to age 18 years. We applied locally weighted scatterplot smoothing with a time-limit scheme and predefined rules for imputation of missing data. We then used time-series K-means cluster analysis and latent class growth analysis to define longitudinal trajectories of BMIPCT from infancy up to age 18 years. Then, we investigated early life determinants of the BMI trajectories. Finally, we compared whether using early BMIPCT trajectories performs better than BMIPCT at a given age for predicting future risk of OWO. Results After imputation, the percentage of missing data ratio decreased from 36.0% to 10.1%. We identified four BMIPCT longitudinal trajectories: early onset OWO; late onset OWO; normal stable; and low stable. Maternal OWO, smoking, and preterm birth were identified as important determinants of the two OWO trajectories. Our predictive models showed that BMIPCT trajectories in early childhood (birth to age 1 or 2 years) were more predictive of childhood OWO (age 5-10 years) than a single BMIPCT at age 1 or 2 years. Conclusions Using longitudinal BMIPCT data from birth to age 18 years, this study identified distinct BMIPCT trajectories, examined early life determinants of these trajectories, and demonstrated their advantages in predicting childhood risk of OWO over BMIPCT at a single time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Huang
- Department of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bolanle Olapeju
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maya Venkataramani
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tina L. Cheng
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tak Igusa
- Department of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Guo M, Xiao C, Yan H, Yu B, Zhai M, Wei L, Yin X, Gesang Q. Association of air pollution exposure during gestational and the first year of life with physical growth in preschoolers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:337-347. [PMID: 35098822 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2029829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the association of exposure to air pollutants during gestational and the first year of life with physical growth in preschoolers. The linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between air pollution and childhood growth. After adjusting for confounders, z-scores of body mass index (zBMI, and 95% confidence intervals, 95%CI) increased by 1.164(1.054,1.285), 1.136(1.050,1.228) and 1.165(1.041,1.303), associated with per interquartile range (IQR) increase in NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), PM2.5 and PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm and 10 μm) during gestational, respectively. The odds ratios (and 95%CI) of childhood overweight/obesity associated with per IQR increase in NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 during gestational were 1.425(1.168,1.737), 1.255(1.087,1.450) and 1.332(1.104,1.605). Positive associations were found between air pollution during the first year of life and zBMI or overweight/obesity. Our findings suggest exposure to air pollution were associated with childhood growth, and improving air quality is beneficial for childhood growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglan Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chenchang Xiao
- Department of Medicine, City College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mengxi Zhai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Liqing Wei
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Yin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Quzhen Gesang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
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14
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Blanc N, Liao J, Gilliland F, Zhang JJ, Berhane K, Huang G, Yan W, Chen Z. A systematic review of evidence for maternal preconception exposure to outdoor air pollution on Children's health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120850. [PMID: 36528197 PMCID: PMC9879265 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The preconception period is a critical window for gametogenesis, therefore preconception exposure to air pollutants may have long-term effects on children. We systematically reviewed epidemiological evidence concerning the effects of preconception ambient air pollution exposure on children's health outcomes and identified research gaps for future investigations. We searched PubMed and Web of Science from journal inception up to October 2022 based on an established protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42022277608). We then identified 162 articles based on searching strategy, 22 of which met the inclusion criteria. Studies covered a wide range of health outcomes including birth defects, preterm birth, birthweight, respiratory outcomes, and developmental outcomes. Findings suggested that exposure to outdoor air pollutants during maternal preconception period were associated with various health outcomes, of which birth defects has the most consistent findings. A meta-analysis revealed that during 3-month preconception period, a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 and PM2.5 was associated with relative risk (RR) of birth defects of 1.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.02) and 1.14 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.59), respectively. Preterm birth, low birthweight, and autism have also been associated with maternal preconception exposure to PM2.5, PM10, O3 and SO2. However, the significance of associations and effect sizes varied substantially across studies, partly due to the heterogeneity in exposure and outcome assessments. Future studies should use more accurate exposure assessment methods to obtain individual-level exposures with high temporal resolution. This will allow the exploration of which specific time window (weeks or months) during the preconception period has the strongest effect. In future epidemiologic studies, integrating pathophysiologic biomarkers relevant to clinical outcomes may help improve the causal inference of associations between preconception exposure and health outcomes suggested by the current limited literature. Additionally, potential effects of paternal preconception exposure need to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Blanc
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiawen Liao
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Junfeng Jim Zhang
- Division of Environmental Science and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guoying Huang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Yan
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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15
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Hou X, Luo W, Gan H, Chen T, Sun B. Childhood blood eosinophils and symptoms of allergic disorders: a cross-sectional study in Southern China. Ann Med 2022; 54:2929-2940. [PMID: 36259652 PMCID: PMC9586638 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2134584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between childhood blood eosinophils and subtypes of allergic diseases remains understudied. This study aimed to examine the associations between childhood blood eosinophils and subtypes of asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis, as well as the modifying effect of age. METHODS We obtained concurrent blood cell counts and serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) test results in 5026 children (0-13, years) from First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from 2014 to 2019. Generalized additive models with multivariable adjustments were utilized to model the exposure-response relationship between eosinophils and allergic symptoms. The robustness of the association was assessed in two age categories (<6, 6-13 years). RESULTS The association of eosinophils with allergic asthma/rhinitis was positively nonlinear, with a plateau at levels of Q4 (≥0.51, 109/L). Conversely, exposure-response curves between eosinophils and the risk of non-allergic asthma and rhinitis were negatively linear, and especially, became statistically significant when levels of eosinophils were larger than Q3 (≥0.30, 109/L). Compared with their counterparts, school-aged children (6-13, years) with a higher level of blood eosinophils (≥0.35, 109/L) were more likely to suffer from allergic asthma [relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), 2.51; 95% CI, 1.24-3.78], allergic rhinitis (RERI, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.14-4.45) but not allergic dermatitis (RERI not significant). CONCLUSION Higher eosinophil counts were associated with the increased risk of allergic subtype symptoms and the decreased risk of non-allergic subtypes in children. Moreover, the associations between eosinophils and allergic asthma/rhinitis were accentuated in the school-aged child. These findings may contribute to providing novel insights for clinical administration relevance of allergic-related symptoms.Key messages:There was a positively nonlinear association between childhood eosinophils and allergic asthma/rhinitis.Age modified the associations between eosinophils and allergy-related outcomes. The associations of eosinophil with allergic asthma/rhinitis accentuated in the school-aged child (6-13, years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqing Hou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wenting Luo
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Gan
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianhao Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
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16
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Hou W, Zhang M, Ji Y, Hong X, Wang G, Xu R, Liang L, Saria S, Ji H. A prospective birth cohort study of maternal prenatal cigarette smoking assessed by self-report and biomarkers on childhood risk of overweight or obesity. PRECISION NUTRITION 2022; 1:e00017. [PMID: 37744083 PMCID: PMC10035292 DOI: 10.1097/pn9.0000000000000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Most studies on the association of in utero exposure to cigarette smoking and childhood overweight or obesity (OWO) were based on maternal self-reported smoking status, and few were based on objective biomarkers. The concordance of self-report smoking, and maternal and cord blood biomarkers of cigarette smoking as well as their effects on children's long-term risk of overweight and obesity are unclear. Methods In this study, we analyzed data from 2351 mother-child pairs in the Boston Birth Cohort, a sample of US predominantly Black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) that enrolled children at birth and followed prospectively up to age 18 years. In utero smoking exposure was measured by maternal self-report and by maternal and cord plasma biomarkers of smoking: cotinine and hydroxycotinine. We assessed the individual and joint associations of each smoking exposure measure and maternal OWO with childhood OWO using multinomial logistic regressions. We used nested logistic regressions to investigate the childhood OWO prediction performance when adding maternal and cord plasma biomarkers as input covariates on top of self-reported data. Results Our results demonstrated that in utero cigarette smoking exposure defined by self-report and by maternal or cord metabolites was consistently associated with increased risk of long-term child OWO. Children with cord hydroxycotinine in the fourth quartile (vs. first quartile) had 1.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-2.66) times the odds for overweight and 1.57 (95% CI 1.05-2.36) times the odds for obesity. The combined effect of maternal OWO and smoking on offspring risk of obesity is 3.66 (95% CI 2.37-5.67) if using self-reported smoking. Adding maternal and cord plasma biomarker information to self-reported data improved the prediction accuracy of long-term child OWO risk. Conclusions This longitudinal birth cohort study of US BIPOC underscored the role of maternal smoking as an obesogen for offspring OWO risk. Our findings call for public health intervention strategies to focus on maternal smoking - as a highly modifiable target, including smoking cessation and countermeasures (such as optimal nutrition) that may alleviate the increasing obesity burden in the United States and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpin Hou
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Public Health, NY City, NY, USA
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuelong Ji
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suchi Saria
- Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongkai Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hou W, Zhang M, Ji Y, Hong X, Wang G, Xu R, Liang L, Saria S, Ji H. A prospective birth cohort study of maternal prenatal cigarette smoking assessed by self-report and biomarkers on childhood risk of overweight or obesity. PRECISION NUTRITION 2022; 1:e00017. [PMID: 36970370 PMCID: PMC10035292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Most studies on the association of in utero exposure to cigarette smoking and childhood overweight or obesity (OWO) were based on maternal self-reported smoking status, and few were based on objective biomarkers. Objective We aim to assess the concordance of self-report smoking, and maternal and cord blood biomarkers of cigarette smoking as well as to quantify the in utero cigarette smoking on child long-term risk of overweight and obesity. Methods In this study, we analyzed data from 2351 mother-child pairs in the Boston Birth Cohort, a sample of US predominantly Black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) that enrolled children at birth and followed prospectively up to age 18 years. In utero smoking exposure was measured by maternal self-report and by maternal and cord plasma biomarkers of smoking: cotinine and hydroxycotinine. We assessed the individual and joint associations of each smoking exposure measure and maternal OWO with childhood OWO using multinomial logistic regressions. We used nested logistic regressions to investigate the childhood OWO prediction performance when adding maternal and cord plasma biomarkers as input covariates on top of self-reported data. Results Our results demonstrated that in utero cigarette smoking exposure defined by self-report and by maternal or cord metabolites was consistently associated with increased risk of long-term child OWO. Children with cord hydroxycotinine in the 4th quartile (vs. 1st quartile) had 1.66 (95% CI 1.03-2.66) times the odds for overweight and 1.57 (95% CI 1.05-2.36) times the odds for obesity. The combined effect of maternal overweight or obesity and smoking on offspring risk of obesity is 3.66 (95% CI 2.37-5.67) if using self-reported smoking. Adding maternal and cord plasma biomarker information to self-reported data improved the prediction accuracy of long-term child OWO risk. Conclusions This longitudinal birth cohort study of US BIPOC underscored the role of maternal smoking as an obesogen for offspring OWO risk. Our findings call for public health intervention strategies to focus on maternal smoking - as a highly modifiable target, including smoking cessation and countermeasures (such as optimal nutrition) that may alleviate the increasing obesity burden in the U.S. and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpin Hou
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Public Health, NY city, NY
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Yuelong Ji
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richard Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Suchi Saria
- Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hongkai Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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Liang X, Liu F, Liang F, Ren Y, Tang X, Luo S, Huang D, Feng W. Association of decreases in PM2.5 levels due to the implementation of environmental protection policies with the incidence of obesity in adolescents: A prospective cohort study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114211. [PMID: 36306623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the association between decreased levels of particulate matter (≤2.5 µm; PM2.5) due to the implementation of environmental protection policies and the incidence of obesity in adolescents in Chongqing, China through a prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 2105 children (52.02% male; aged 7.33 ± 0.60 years at baseline) were enrolled from the Chongqing Children's Health Cohort. A mixed linear regression model was used to analyse the relationships of PM2.5 levels with obesity indicators after adjusting for covariates. Additionally, a Poisson regression model was used to determine the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and the incidence of overweight/obesity. RESULTS The average PM2.5 exposure levels from participant conception to 2014, from 2015 to 2017, and from 2018 to 2019 were 66.64 ± 5.33 μg/m3, 55.49 ± 3.78 μg/m3, and 42.50 ± 1.87 μg/m3, respectively; these levels significantly decreased over time (P < 0.001). Throughout the entire follow-up period, the incidence of overweight/obesity after a ≥ 25 μg/m3 decrease in the PM2.5 level was 4.57% among females; this incidence was the lowest among females who experienced remarkable decreases in PM2.5 exposure. A 1-µg/m3 decrease in the PM2.5 level significantly decreased the body mass index (BMI), BMI z score (BMIz), and weight of adolescents (all P < 0.001). Compared with a < 20-μg/m3 decrease in the PM2.5 level, a ≥ 25-μg/m3 decrease protected against increased BMI (net difference= -0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: (-1.23,-0.63) kg/m2), BMIz (-0.28 (-0.39, -0.17)), weight (-1.59 (-2.44, -0.74) kg), and incidence of overweight/obesity (0.48 (0.37, 0.62), P < 0.001). Moreover, compared with a < 20-μg/m3 decrease in the PM2.5 level, a ≥ 25-μg/m3 decrease resulted in significant absolute differences in BMI (-1.26 (-1.56, -0.96) kg/m2), BMIz (-0.53 (-0.65, -0.40)) and weight (-3.01 (-3.8, -2.19) kg) (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study showed the etiological relevance of declining PM2.5 concentrations for the incidence of obesity in children and adolescents, suggesting that controlling ambient air pollutants may prevent the development of obesity in this age group. Continuous implementation of environmental protection policies in China has led to substantial health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Fengchao Liang
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yanling Ren
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xian Tang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shunqing Luo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Daochao Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
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Wu QZ, Xu SL, Tan YW, Qian Z, Vaughn MG, McMillin SE, Dong P, Qin SJ, Liang LX, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Yang BY, Chen G, Zhang W, Hu LW, Zeng XW, Dong GH. Exposure to ultrafine particles and childhood obesity: A cross-sectional analysis of the Seven Northeast Cities (SNEC) Study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157524. [PMID: 35872203 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the obesogenic effect of air pollution on children have been mixed and sparse. Moreover, due to insufficient air monitoring, few studies have investigated the role of more tiny but unregulated particles (ambient particles with a diameter of 0.1 μm or less, ultrafine particles). OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the associations between long-term exposure to ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs) and childhood obesity in Chinese children. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we randomly recruited 47,990 children, aged 6-18 years, from seven cities in Northeastern China between 2012 and 2013. Child age- and sex-specific z-scores for body mass index (BMI Z-score) and weight status were generated using the World Health Organization growth reference. Four-year average concentrations of UFPs and airborne particulates of diameter ≤ 1 μm (PM1), ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), and ≤10 μm (PM10) were estimated at home, using neural network simulated WRF-Chem model and spatiotemporal model, respectively. Confounder-adjusted generalized linear mixed models examined the associations between air pollution and BMI Z-score and the prevalence of childhood obesity. RESULT We found that UFPs exposure was associated with greater childhood BMI Z-score and a higher likelihood of obesity. Compared with the lowest quartile, higher quartiles of UFPs were associated with greater odds for obesity prevalence in children (i.e., the adjusted OR was 1.25; 95 % CI, 1.12-1.39; 1.43; 95 % CI, 1.27-1.61; and 1.41; 95 % CI, 1.25-1.58 for the second, third, and fourth quartile, respectively). Similar associations were observed for PM1, PM2.5, and PM10, and were greater in boys and children living close to roadways. CONCLUSIONS Long-term UFPs exposure was associated with a greater likelihood of childhood obesity, and stronger associations on BMI Z-score were observed in boys and children living close to roadways. This study indicates that more attention should be paid to the health effects of UFPs, and routinely monitoring of UFPs should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shu-Li Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ya-Wen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Stephen Edward McMillin
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Pengxin Dong
- Nursing College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Xia Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Zhang Q, Meng X, Shi S, Kan L, Chen R, Kan H. Overview of particulate air pollution and human health in China: Evidence, challenges, and opportunities. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100312. [PMID: 36160941 PMCID: PMC9490194 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution in China continues to be a major public health challenge. With the release of the new WHO air quality guidelines in 2021, there is an urgent need for China to contemplate a revision of air quality standards (AQS). In the recent decade, there has been an increase in epidemiological studies on PM in China. A comprehensive evaluation of such epidemiological evidence among the Chinese population is central for revision of the AQS in China and in other developing countries with similar air pollution problems. We thus conducted a systematic review on the epidemiological literature of PM published in the recent decade. In summary, we identified the following: (1) short-term and long-term PM exposure increase mortality and morbidity risk without a discernible threshold, suggesting the necessity for continuous improvement in air quality; (2) the magnitude of long-term associations with mortality observed in China are comparable with those in developed countries, whereas the magnitude of short-term associations are appreciably smaller; (3) governmental clean air policies and personalized mitigation measures are potentially effective in protecting public and individual health, but need to be validated using mortality or morbidity outcomes; (4) particles of smaller size range and those originating from fossil fuel combustion appear to show larger relative health risks; and (5) molecular epidemiological studies provide evidence for the biological plausibility and mechanisms underlying the hazardous effects of PM. This updated review may serve as an epidemiological basis for China’s AQS revision and proposes several perspectives in designing future health studies. Acute effects of PM are smaller in China compared with developed countries Health effects caused by PM depend on particle composition, source, and size There are no thresholds for the health effects of PM Mechanistic studies support the biological plausibility of PM’s health effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Su Shi
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lena Kan
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, MD 21205, USA
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai 201102, China
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21
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Xu Y, Yi L, Cabison J, Rosales M, O'Sharkey K, Chavez TA, Johnson M, Lurmann F, Pavlovic N, Bastain TM, Breton CV, Wilson JP, Habre R. The impact of GPS-derived activity spaces on personal PM 2.5 exposures in the MADRES cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114029. [PMID: 35932832 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-utero exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is associated with low birth weight and health risks later in life. Pregnant women are mobile and locations they spend time in contribute to their personal PM2.5 exposures. Therefore, it is important to understand how mobility and exposures encountered within activity spaces contribute to personal PM2.5 exposures during pregnancy. METHODS We collected 48-h integrated personal PM2.5 samples and continuous geolocation (GPS) data for 213 predominantly Hispanic/Latina pregnant women in their 3rd trimester in Los Angeles, CA. We also collected questionnaires and modeled outdoor air pollution and meteorology in their residential neighborhood. We calculated three GPS-derived activity space measures of exposure to road networks, greenness (NDVI), parks, traffic volume, walkability, and outdoor PM2.5 and temperature. We used bivariate analyses to screen variables (GPS-extracted exposures in activity spaces, individual characteristics, and residential neighborhood exposures) based on their relationship with personal, 48-h integrated PM2.5 concentrations. We then built a generalized linear model to explain the variability in personal PM2.5 exposure and identify key contributing factors. RESULTS Indoor PM2.5 sources, parity, and home ventilation were significantly associated with personal exposure. Activity-space based exposure to roads was associated with significantly higher personal PM2.5 exposure, while greenness was associated with lower personal PM2.5 exposure (β = -3.09 μg/m3 per SD increase in NDVI, p-value = 0.018). The contribution of outdoor PM2.5 to personal exposure was positive but relatively lower (β = 2.05 μg/m3 per SD increase, p-value = 0.016) than exposures in activity spaces and the indoor environment. The final model explained 34% of the variability in personal PM2.5 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of activity spaces and the indoor environment on personal PM2.5 exposures of pregnant women living in Los Angeles, CA. This work also showcases the multiple, complex factors that contribute to total personal PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Li Yi
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Jane Cabison
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Marisela Rosales
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Karl O'Sharkey
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Thomas A Chavez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Mark Johnson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
| | | | | | - Theresa M Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - John P Wilson
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Computer Science, and Sociology, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Rima Habre
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
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Hao Y, Wu W, Fraser WD, Huang H. Association between residential proximity to municipal solid waste incinerator sites and birth outcomes in Shanghai: a retrospective cohort study of births during 2014-2018. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:2460-2470. [PMID: 34496690 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1970116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis of whether maternal residential proximity to municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) sites could significantly affect birth outcomes. This retrospective birth cohort study conducted at the International Peace Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai, China, included 59,606 mothers with singleton live births during 2014-2018. Multivariate generalized linear models were used to examine associations between residential proximity to MSWI sites and birth outcomes. Small for gestational age (SGA) was significantly more common among children with maternal residential proximity to MSWI sites (odds ratio [OR]=1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.34). Maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) influenced this association. Infants of underweight mothers (prepregnancy BMI <18.5 kg/m2) with MSWI exposure (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.58-2.52) had higher risks of SGA than their counterparts. Our findings underscore the need to prevent adverse environmental effects of MSWI on birth outcomes; improved exposure assessment measures are warranted in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Hao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibin Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - William D Fraser
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Cosemans C, Wang C, Alfano R, Martens DS, Sleurs H, Dockx Y, Vanbrabant K, Janssen BG, Vanpoucke C, Lefebvre W, Smeets K, Nawrot TS, Plusquin M. In utero particulate matter exposure in association with newborn mitochondrial ND4L 10550A>G heteroplasmy and its role in overweight during early childhood. Environ Health 2022; 21:88. [PMID: 36117180 PMCID: PMC9484069 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play an important role in the energy metabolism and are susceptible to environmental pollution. Prenatal air pollution exposure has been linked with childhood obesity. Placental mtDNA mutations have been associated with prenatal particulate matter exposure and MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy has been associated with BMI in adults. Therefore, we hypothesized that in utero PM2.5 exposure is associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy and early life growth. In addition, the role of cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in overweight during early childhood is investigated. METHODS This study included 386 mother-newborn pairs. Outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were determined at the maternal residential address. Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was determined using Droplet Digital PCR. Associations were explored using logistic regression models and distributed lag linear models. Mediation analysis was performed to quantify the effects of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on childhood overweight mediated by cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy. RESULTS Prenatal PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with childhood overweight during the whole pregnancy (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.20 to 4.51; p = 0.01), which was mainly driven by the second trimester. In addition, prenatal PM2.5 exposure was associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy from gestational week 9 - 13. The largest effect was observed in week 10, where a 5 µg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was linked with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87 to 0.99). Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was also linked with childhood overweight (OR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.15 to 7.50; p = 0.02). The effect of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on childhood overweight was mainly direct (total effect OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.36; natural direct effect OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.36)) and was not mediated by cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy. CONCLUSIONS Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was linked with childhood overweight. In addition, in utero exposure to PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in newborns. Our analysis did not reveal any mediation of cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in the association between PM2.5 exposure and childhood overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosemans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rossella Alfano
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanne Sleurs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kenneth Vanbrabant
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Wouter Lefebvre
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, VITO, Mol, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- School of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Li W, Lin G, Xiao Z, Zhang Y, Li B, Zhou Y, Ma Y, Chai E. A review of respirable fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced brain damage. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:967174. [PMID: 36157076 PMCID: PMC9491465 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.967174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Respirable fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been one of the most widely publicized indicators of pollution in recent years. Epidemiological studies have established a strong association between PM2.5, lung disease, and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that PM2.5 is also strongly associated with brain damage, mainly cerebrovascular damage (stroke) and neurological damage to the brain (changes in cognitive function, dementia, psychiatric disorders, etc.). PM2.5 can pass through the lung–gas–blood barrier and the “gut–microbial–brain” axis to cause systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, or directly enter brain tissue via the olfactory nerve, eventually damaging the cerebral blood vessels and brain nerves. It is worth mentioning that there is a time window for PM2.5-induced brain damage to repair itself. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury and brain repair are not yet fully understood. This article collects and discusses the mechanisms of PM2.5-induced brain injury and self-repair after injury, which may provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular and cerebral neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medical, Lan Zhou, China
- Cerebrovascular Disease Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Gansu Province, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Guohui Lin
- Day Treatment Center II of Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Zaixing Xiao
- Cerebrovascular Disease Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Gansu Province, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Yichuan Zhang
- Cerebrovascular Disease Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Gansu Province, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Cerebrovascular Disease Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Gansu Province, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Gansu Province, Lan Zhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Cerebrovascular Disease Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Gansu Province, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Erqing Chai
- Cerebrovascular Disease Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Gansu Province, Lan Zhou, China
- *Correspondence: Erqing Chai
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25
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Huang R, Li H, Lai M, Jin D, Zhao S, Mao G. Re. "Multisite greenness exposure and oxidative stress. The potential mediating role of physical activity in children". ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113223. [PMID: 35421391 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruogu Huang
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyuan Lai
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongzheng Jin
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhao
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangyun Mao
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Kaur K, Lesseur C, Deyssenroth MA, Kloog I, Schwartz JD, Marsit CJ, Chen J. PM 2.5 exposure during pregnancy is associated with altered placental expression of lipid metabolic genes in a US birth cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 211:113066. [PMID: 35248564 PMCID: PMC9177798 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of ambient PM2.5, shown to be able to cross the placenta, has been linked to adverse obstetric and postnatal metabolic health outcomes. The placenta regulates fetal growth and influences postnatal development via fetal programming. Placental gene expression may be influenced by intrauterine exposures to PM2.5. Herein, we explore whether maternal PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy alters placental gene expression related to lipid and glucose metabolism in a U.S. birth cohort, the Rhode Island Child Health Study (RICHS). Average PM2.5 exposure level was estimated linking residential addresses and satellite data across the three trimesters using spatio-temporal models. Based on Gene Ontology annotations, we curated a list of 657 lipid and glucose metabolism genes. We conducted a two-staged analysis by leveraging placental RNA-Seq data from 148 subjects to identify top dysregulated metabolic genes associated with PM2.5 (Phase I) and then validated the results in placental samples from 415 participants of the cohort using RT-qPCR (Phase II). Associations between PM2.5 and placental gene expression were explored using multivariable linear regression models in the overall population and in sex-stratified analyses. The average level of PM2.5 exposure across pregnancy was 8.0μg/m3, which is below the national standard of 12μg/m3. Phase I revealed that expression levels of 32 out of the curated list of 657 genes were significantly associated with PM2.5 exposure (FDR P<0.01), 28 genes showed differential expression modified by sex of the infant. Five of these genes (ABHD3, ATP11A, CLTCL1, ST6GALNAC4 and PSCA) were validated using RT-qPCR. Associations were stronger in placentas from male births compared to females, indicating a sex-dependent effect. These genes are involved in inflammation, lipid transport, cell-cell communication or cell invasion. Our results suggest that gestational PM2.5 exposure may alter placental metabolic function. However, whether it confers long-term programming effects postnatally, especially in a sex-specific matter, warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtan Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maya A Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, 8410501, Israel
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, GA, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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27
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Zhang AL, Balmes JR, Lutzker L, Mann JK, Margolis HG, Tyner T, Holland N, Noth EM, Lurmann F, Hammond SK, Holm SM. Traffic-related air pollution, biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and CC16 in children. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:530-537. [PMID: 34417545 PMCID: PMC8858324 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has revealed links between air pollution exposure and metabolic syndrome in adults; however, these associations are less explored in children. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the association between traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) and biomarkers of metabolic dysregulation, oxidative stress, and lung epithelial damage in children. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional analyses in a sample of predominantly Latinx, low-income children (n = 218) to examine associations between air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), elemental carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide (CO), fine particulates (PM2.5)) and biomarkers of metabolic function (high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), oxidative stress (8-isoprostane), and lung epithelial damage (club cell protein 16 (CC16)). RESULTS HDL cholesterol showed an inverse association with NO2 and NOx, with the strongest relationship between HDL and 3-month exposure to NO2 (-15.4 mg/dL per IQR increase in 3-month NO2, 95% CI = -27.4, -3.4). 8-isoprostane showed a consistent pattern of increasing values with 1-day and 1-week exposure across all pollutants. Non-significant increases in % HbA1c were found during 1-month time frames and decreasing CC16 in 3-month exposure time frames. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that TRAP is significantly associated with decreased HDL cholesterol in longer-term time frames and elevated 8-isoprostane in shorter-term time frames. TRAP could have the potential to influence lifelong metabolic patterns, through metabolic effects in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - John R Balmes
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Western States Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liza Lutzker
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer K Mann
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Helene G Margolis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Tim Tyner
- University of California, San Francisco-Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA
- Central California Asthma Collaborative, Fresno, USA
| | - Nina Holland
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Noth
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - S Katharine Hammond
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie M Holm
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Western States Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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28
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Agrawal M, Allin KH, Petralia F, Colombel JF, Jess T. Multiomics to elucidate inflammatory bowel disease risk factors and pathways. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:399-409. [PMID: 35301463 PMCID: PMC9214275 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disease of the intestinal tract, with complex pathophysiology involving genetic, environmental, microbiome, immunological and potentially other factors. Epidemiological data have provided important insights into risk factors associated with IBD, but are limited by confounding, biases and data quality, especially when pertaining to risk factors in early life. Multiomics platforms provide granular high-throughput data on numerous variables simultaneously and can be leveraged to characterize molecular pathways and risk factors for chronic diseases, such as IBD. Herein, we describe omics platforms that can advance our understanding of IBD risk factors and pathways, and available omics data on IBD and other relevant diseases. We highlight knowledge gaps and emphasize the importance of birth, at-risk and pre-diagnostic cohorts, and neonatal blood spots in omics analyses in IBD. Finally, we discuss network analysis, a powerful bioinformatics tool to assemble high-throughput data and derive clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Agrawal
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Kristine H Allin
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Francesca Petralia
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tine Jess
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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29
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Xu X, Qin N, Zhao W, Tian Q, Si Q, Wu W, Iskander N, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Duan X. A three-dimensional LUR framework for PM 2.5 exposure assessment based on mobile unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 301:118997. [PMID: 35176409 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Land use regression (LUR) models have been widely used in epidemiological studies and risk assessments related to air pollution. Although efforts have been made to improve the performance of LUR models so that they capture the spatial heterogeneity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in high-density cities, few studies have revealed the vertical differences in PM2.5 exposure. This study proposes a three-dimensional LUR (3-D LUR) assessment framework for PM2.5 exposure that combines a high-resolution LUR model with a vertical PM2.5 variation model to investigate the results of horizontal and vertical mobile PM2.5 monitoring campaigns. High-resolution LUR models that were developed independently for daytime and nighttime were found to explain 51% and 60% of the PM2.5 variation, respectively. Vertical measurements of PM2.5 from three regions were first parameterized to produce a coefficient of variation for the concentration (CVC) to define the rate at which PM2.5 changes at a certain height relative to the ground. The vertical variation model for PM2.5 was developed based on a spline smoothing function in a generalized additive model (GAM) framework with an adjusted R2 of 0.91 and explained 92.8% of the variance. PM2.5 exposure levels for the population in the study area were estimated based on both the LUR models and the 3-D LUR framework. The 3-D LUR framework was found to improve the accuracy of exposure estimation in the vertical direction by avoiding exposure estimation errors of up to 5%. Although the 3-D LUR-based assessment did not indicate significant variation in estimates of premature mortality that could be attributed to PM2.5, exposure to this pollutant was found to differ in the vertical direction. The 3-D LUR framework has the potential to provide accurate exposure estimates for use in future epidemiological studies and health risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Xu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ning Qin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Tian
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Si
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weiqi Wu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nursiya Iskander
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenchun Yang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Yawei Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiaoli Duan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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30
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Ambient air pollution during pregnancy and cardiometabolic biomarkers in cord blood. Environ Epidemiol 2022; 6:e203. [PMID: 35434464 PMCID: PMC9005247 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal air pollution exposure has been associated with adverse childhood cardiometabolic outcomes. It is unknown whether evidence of metabolic disruption associated with air pollution is identifiable at birth. We examined exposure to prenatal ambient air pollution and cord blood cardiometabolic biomarkers among 812 mother-infant pairs in the Healthy Start study.
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31
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Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic and indicators of adiposity in early childhood: the Healthy Start study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:494-501. [PMID: 34754067 PMCID: PMC9269985 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-01003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic have been related to a lower birth weight and may be associated with greater adiposity in childhood. We aimed to examine associations of maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic during pregnancy with indicators of adiposity in early childhood. METHODS We included 738 participants of the Colorado-based Healthy Start study whose height, weight, waist circumference and/or fat mass were measured at age 4-6 years. We estimated residential exposure to ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) averaged by trimester and throughout pregnancy via inverse distance-weighted interpolation of central site monitoring data. We assessed the distance to the nearest major roadway and traffic density in multiple buffers surrounding the participants' homes. Associations of prenatal exposure to air pollution and traffic with overweight, waist circumference, percent fat mass and fat mass index (FMI) were assessed by logistic and linear regression. RESULTS Associations of exposure to PM2.5 and O3 at the residential address during pregnancy with percent fat mass and FMI at age 4-6 years were inconsistent across trimesters. For example, second trimester PM2.5 was associated with a higher percent fat mass (adjusted difference 0.70% [95% CI 0.05, 1.35%] per interquartile range (IQR; 1.3 µg/m3) increase), while third trimester PM2.5 was associated with a lower percent fat mass (adjusted difference -1.17% [95% CI -1.84, -0.50%] per IQR (1.3 µg/m3) increase). Residential proximity to a highway during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of being overweight at age 4-6 years. We observed no associations of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and O3 with overweight and waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS We found limited evidence of associations of prenatal exposure to ambient PM2.5 and O3 with indicators of adiposity at age 4-6 years. Suggestive relationships between residential proximity to a highway during pregnancy and greater adiposity merit further investigation.
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32
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Guo C, Xu Y, Ma Y, Xu X, Peng F, Li HH, Jin D, Zhao SZ, Xia Z, Lai M, Che M, Huang R, Wang Y, Jiang D, Zheng C, Mao G. Individual and joint effects of trehalose and glutamate on diabetic retinopathy: a propensity score-matched case-control study. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:e210474. [PMID: 35029545 PMCID: PMC8859951 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although previous studies demonstrate that trehalose can help maintain glucose homeostasis in healthy humans, its role and joint effect with glutamate on diabetic retinopathy (DR) remain unclear. We aimed to comprehensively quantify the associations of trehalose and glutamate with DR. This study included 69 pairs of DR and matched type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. Serum trehalose and glutamate were determined via ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry system. Covariates were collected by a standardized questionnaire, clinical examinations and laboratory assessments. Individual and joint association of trehalose and glutamate with DR were quantified by multiple conditional logistic regression models. The adjusted odds of DR averagely decreased by 86% (odds ratio (OR): 0.14; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.33) with per interquartile range increase of trehalose. Comparing with the lowest quartile, adjusted OR (95% CI) were 0.20 (0.05, 0.83), 0.14 (0.03, 0.63) and 0.01 (<0.01, 0.05) for participants in the second, third and fourth quartiles of trehalose, respectively. In addition, as compared to their counterparts, T2D patients with lower trehalose (<median) and higher glutamate (≥median) had the highest odds of DR (OR: 36.81; 95% CI: 6.75, 200.61). An apparent super-multiplicative effect of trehalose and glutamate on DR was observed, whereas relative excess risk due to interaction was not significant. The study suggests that trehalose is beneficial to inhibit the occurrence of DR and synergistically decreases the risk of DR with reduced glutamate. Our findings also provide new insights into the mechanisms of DR and further longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengnan Guo
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixi Xu
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yange Ma
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to C Zheng or G Mao: or
| | - Xin Xu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-hui Li
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongzhen Jin
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-zhen Zhao
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhezheng Xia
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyuan Lai
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingzhu Che
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruogu Huang
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Depeng Jiang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Chao Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to C Zheng or G Mao: or
| | - Guangyun Mao
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to C Zheng or G Mao: or
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Malacarne D, Handakas E, Robinson O, Pineda E, Saez M, Chatzi L, Fecht D. The built environment as determinant of childhood obesity: A systematic literature review. Obes Rev 2022; 23 Suppl 1:e13385. [PMID: 34859950 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the epidemiological evidence on the built environment and its link to childhood obesity, focusing on environmental factors such as traffic noise and air pollution, as well as physical factors potentially driving obesity-related behaviors, such as neighborhood walkability and availability and accessibility of parks and playgrounds. Eligible studies were (i) conducted on human children below the age of 18 years, (ii) focused on body size measurements in childhood, (iii) examined at least one built environment characteristic, (iv) reported effect sizes and associated confidence intervals, and (v) were published in English language. A z test, as alternative to the meta-analysis, was used to quantify associations due to heterogeneity in exposure and outcome definition. We found strong evidence for an association of traffic-related air pollution (nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxides exposure, p < 0.001) and built environment characteristics supportive of walking (street intersection density, p < 0.01 and access to parks, p < 0.001) with childhood obesity. We identified a lack of studies that account for interactions between different built environment exposures or verify the role and mechanism of important effect modifiers such as age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Malacarne
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Evangelos Handakas
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elisa Pineda
- Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation (CHEPI), Imperial College Business School, and School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc Saez
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Tamana SK, Gombojav E, Kanlic A, Banzrai C, Batsukh S, Enkhtuya E, Boldbaatar B, Lanphear BP, Lear SA, McCandless LC, Venners SA, Allen RW. Portable HEPA filter air cleaner use during pregnancy and children's body mass index at two years of age: The UGAAR randomized controlled trial. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 156:106728. [PMID: 34218184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Gestational exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution may increase the risk of childhood obesity, but the impact of reducing air pollution during pregnancy on obesity-related outcomes in childhood has not been examined. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of reducing gestational PM exposure on body mass index (BMI) at two years of age. METHODS In this single-blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial in Ulaanbaatar Mongolia, we randomly assigned 540 pregnant women to receive 1-2 portable high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter air cleaners or no air cleaners. We measured height and weight when children were a mean age of 23.8 months. Our primary outcome was age- and sex-specific BMI z-score based on the World Health Organization 2007 Growth Charts. Secondary outcomes included age- and sex-specific weight z score, overweight/obesity (defined as BMI z-score > 2.00), and catch-up growth (defined using various cut-offs to identify children with relatively low birth weight for sex and gestational age and relatively high age- and sex-specific weight in childhood). We imputed missing outcome data using multiple imputation with chained equations and our primary analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). We estimated intervention effects on continuous and binary outcomes using linear and logistic regression, respectively. RESULTS After excluding known miscarriages, still births, and neonatal deaths our analysis included 480 children (235 control and 245 intervention). The mean (SD) child BMI z score was 0.79 (1.0); 9.8% of children were overweight or obese. The mean BMI z score of children who were randomly assigned to the intervention group was 0.16-units lower (95% CI: -0.35, 0.04) than children in the control group. The intervention was also associated with reductions in overweight/obesity (odds ratio = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.31, 1.12). Catch-up growth occurred less frequently in the intervention group, but effect estimates varied depending on the specific definition of catch-up growth and confidence intervals consistently spanned no effect. CONCLUSIONS We found that the use of portable air cleaners during pregnancy was associated with improvements in obesity-related outcomes, although some effect estimates lacked precision. Reducing PM exposure during pregnancy may lead to improvements in cardiometabolic health in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhpreet K Tamana
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Enkhjargal Gombojav
- School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Adriana Kanlic
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Chimeglkham Banzrai
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Sarangerel Batsukh
- School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Enkhtuul Enkhtuya
- School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Buyantushig Boldbaatar
- School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Scott A Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | - Scott A Venners
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan W Allen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
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Handakas E, Keski-Rahkonen P, Chatzi L, Alfano R, Roumeliotaki T, Plusquin M, Maitre L, Richiardi L, Brescianini S, Scalbert A, Robinot N, Nawrot T, Sassi F, Vrijheid M, Vineis P, Robinson O. Cord blood metabolic signatures predictive of childhood overweight and rapid growth. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:2252-2260. [PMID: 34253844 PMCID: PMC8455328 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00888-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolomics may identify biological pathways predisposing children to the risk of overweight and obesity. In this study, we have investigated the cord blood metabolic signatures of rapid growth in infancy and overweight in early childhood in four European birth cohorts. METHODS Untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomic profiles were measured in cord blood from 399 newborns from four European cohorts (ENVIRONAGE, Rhea, INMA and Piccolipiu). Rapid growth in the first year of life and overweight in childhood was defined with reference to WHO growth charts. Metabolome-wide association scans for rapid growth and overweight on over 4500 metabolic features were performed using multiple adjusted logistic mixed-effect models and controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) at 5%. In addition, we performed a look-up analysis of 43 pre-annotated metabolites, previously associated with birthweight or rapid growth. RESULTS In the Metabolome-Wide Association Study analysis, we identified three and eight metabolites associated with rapid growth and overweight, respectively, after FDR correction. Higher levels of cholestenone, a cholesterol derivative produced by microbial catabolism, were predictive of rapid growth (p = 1.6 × 10-3). Lower levels of the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) valine (p = 8.6 × 10-6) were predictive of overweight in childhood. The area under the receiver operator curve for multivariate prediction models including these metabolites and traditional risk factors was 0.77 for rapid growth and 0.82 for overweight, compared with 0.69 and 0.69, respectively, for models using traditional risk factors alone. Among the 43 pre-annotated metabolites, seven and five metabolites were nominally associated (P < 0.05) with rapid growth and overweight, respectively. The BCAA leucine, remained associated (1.6 × 10-3) with overweight after FDR correction. CONCLUSION The metabolites identified here may assist in the identification of children at risk of developing obesity and improve understanding of mechanisms involved in postnatal growth. Cholestenone and BCAAs are suggestive of a role of the gut microbiome and nutrient signalling respectively in child growth trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Handakas
- Μedical Research Council Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rossella Alfano
- Μedical Research Council Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Léa Maitre
- Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Torino, Italy
| | - Sonia Brescianini
- Centre for Behavioural Science and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nivonirina Robinot
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Franco Sassi
- Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation, Department of Economics & Public Policy, Imperial College Business School, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Μedical Research Council Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Robinson
- Μedical Research Council Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Heo YJ, Kim HS. Ambient air pollution and endocrinologic disorders in childhood. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 26:158-170. [PMID: 34610703 PMCID: PMC8505042 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2142132.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ambient air pollution has been proposed as an important environmental risk factor that increases global mortality and morbidity. Over the past decade, several human and animal studies have reported an association between exposure to air pollution and altered metabolic and endocrine systems in children. However, the results for these studies were mixed and inconclusive and did not demonstrate causality because different outcomes were observed due to different study designs, exposure periods, and methodologies for exposure measurements. Current proposed mechanisms include altered immune response, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, inadequate placental development, and epigenetic modulation. In this review, we summarized the results of previous pediatric studies that reported effects of prenatal and postnatal air pollution exposure on childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance, thyroid dysfunction, and timing of pubertal onset, along with underlying related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Joung Heo
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Women’s University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Soon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Women’s University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Address for correspondence: Hae Soon Kim Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Women’s University College of Medicine, 260, Gonghang-daero, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07804, Korea
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Sun X, Liu C, Liang H, Miao M, Wang Z, Ji H, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Kan H, Yuan W. Prenatal exposure to residential PM 2.5 and its chemical constituents and weight in preschool children: A longitudinal study from Shanghai, China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106580. [PMID: 33905944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported that prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) might be associated with adverse birth outcomes in offspring. However, evidence with regard to the effects of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and, especially, its main chemical constituents on offspring's weight in childhood is limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to examine associations of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents in each trimester with children's weight from birth to 6 years of age using data from Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort Study. METHODS A total of 1,084 mother-infant pairs were included with both PM2.5 exposure data and at least one measurement of weight and height. Weight-for-Length (WLZ), BMI-for-Age (BMIz), and Weight-for-Age (WAZ) z-scores were generated according to the World Health Organization guidelines. Exposure to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents [organic carbon (OC), black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), sulfate (SO42-), and soil dust (SOIL)] during pregnancy was estimated from a satellite based modelling framework. We used multiple informant model to estimate the associations of trimester-specific PM2.5 total mass and its specific constituents concentrations with WLZ/BMIz and WAZ of offspring at birth and 1, 4, and 6 years of age. RESULTS In multiple informant model, we observed consistent patterns of associations between exposure to PM2.5 total mass, OC, BC, NH4+, NO3-, and SO42- during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and decreased WLZ/BMIz and WAZ at 1, 4, and 6 years of age in boys. We observed associations between prenatal exposure to PM2.5 total mass, NH4+, and NO3- during the 1st and 2nd trimesters and increased WLZ/BMIz and WAZ in girls at birth. However, there were null associations at 1 and 4 years of age and inverse associations at 6 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 total mass and its main chemical constituents was associated with decreased weight in boys from 1 to 6 years of age, with increased weight at birth and decreased weight at 6 years of age in girls. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical constituents may have a lasting effect on offspring's weight in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Sun
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Liang
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Honglei Ji
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai 201102, China.
| | - Wei Yuan
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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Chen J, Li PH, Fan H, Li C, Zhang Y, Ju D, Deng F, Guo X, Guo L, Wu S. Weekly-specific ambient fine particular matter exposures before and during pregnancy were associated with risks of small for gestational age and large for gestational age: results from Project ELEFANT. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 51:202-212. [PMID: 34432047 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigations on the potential effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on large for gestational age (LGA) are limited. Furthermore, no study has explored weekly-specific susceptible exposure windows for small for gestational age (SGA) and LGA. This study evaluated the associations of exposure to ambient PM2.5 over the preconception and entire-pregnancy periods with risks of SGA and LGA, as well as explored critical weekly-specific exposure windows. METHODS 10 916 singleton pregnant women with 24-42 completed gestational weeks from the Project Environmental and LifEstyle FActors iN metabolic health throughout life-course Trajectories between 2014 and 2016 were included in this study. Distributed lag models (DLMs) incorporated in Cox proportional-hazards models were applied to explore the associations of maternal exposure to weekly ambient PM2.5 throughout 12 weeks before pregnancy and pregnancy periods with risks of SGA and LGA after controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS For a 10-μg/m3 increase in maternal exposure to PM2.5, positive associations with SGA were observed during the 1st to 9th preconceptional weeks and the 1st to 2nd gestational weeks (P<0.05), with the strongest association in the 5th preconceptional week [hazard ratio (HR), 1.06; 95% confidential interval (CI), 1.03-1.09]. For LGA, positive associations were observed during the 1st to 12th preconceptional weeks and the 1st to 5th gestational weeks (P<0.05), with the strongest association in the 7th preconceptional week (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.08-1.12). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to high-level ambient PM2.5 is associated with increased risks of both SGA and LGA, and the most susceptible exposure windows are the preconception and early-pregnancy periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Hui Li
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China.,Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Medical Genetic Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Duan Ju
- Medical Genetic Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiong Guo
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China.,Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Whole-blood magnesium and blood lipids are individually and jointly associated with an elevated likelihood of youngsters being overweight or obese: A matched case-control study using the propensity score. Nutrition 2021; 93:111425. [PMID: 34481288 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Youngsters who are overweight or obese (YOO) have become an important global health concern. Some micronutrients may be modifiable influential factors. This study aimed to investigate the individual and joint association of whole-blood magnesium (WBMg) and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in YOO. METHODS This is a propensity score matching-based case-control study. YOO was defined depending on age- and sex-specific body mass index z-score, calculated with SAS macros (%group_standard and %WHO2007) from the World Health Organization website. WBMg, blood lipids, and covariates were carefully measured by trained technicians using a whole-blood, five-element, basic analyzer and atomic absorption spectrometer or automatic biochemical analyzer. Locally weighted scattered plot smoothing and multivariable conditional logistic regression models were applied to estimate the associations of WBMg and blood lipids in YOO. RESULTS WBMg was positively associated with YOO. The adjusted likelihood of YOO significantly increased by 21% (odds ratio: 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.33) with per-interquartile range elevation of WBMg. Compared with the 1st quartile, adjusted odds ratios among youngsters in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles of WBMg were 1.11 (95% CI, 0.92-1.35), 1.29 (95% CI, 1.06-1.57), and 1.47 (95% CI, 1.18-1.83), respectively. Furthermore, the relationship between WBMg and YOO was moderated by lipid profiles. Compared with those having lower (< median) WBMg and TC, TG, LDL-C, or higher (≥ median) HDL-C, youngsters with both higher WBMg and TC, TG, LDL-C, or lower HDL-C had higher YOO odds, which averagely increased by 188%, 250%, 339%, and 369%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS WBMg was an independent risk factor of YOO, and the associations were stronger among those with unhealthy blood lipids. Our findings can help to guide clinical and public health policies on the relevance of magnesium nutritional status.
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Zhang Z, Dong B, Chen G, Song Y, Li S, Yang Z, Dong Y, Wang Z, Ma J, Guo Y. Ambient air pollution and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents: A multicenter study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:144583. [PMID: 33524680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors such as air pollution may contribute to the development of childhood obesity. However, current epidemiological evidence is limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations between long-term air pollution exposure and obesity in a large population of Chinese children and adolescents. METHODS A total of 44,718 children and adolescents (50.5% boys) aged 7 to 18 years were recruited from seven provinces/municipalities in China. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the prevalence of general and central obesity were measured. Satellite-based spatial-temporal models were used to estimate ambient concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 1.0 μm (PM1), <2.5 μm (PM2.5), <10.0 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). We used mixed-effects linear and logistic regression models to examine the associations between air pollution exposure and body weight measures. RESULTS Exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 was associated with increased BMI Z-score, waist circumference and WHtR, and higher prevalence of both general and central obesity. Generally, stronger associations were observed for particles, especially PM1 and PM2.5, than for NO2. Also, the associations of particles were generally more stable in two-pollutant models. Overall, the associations were more pronounced in boys than in girls except for general obesity. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to air pollution was associated with increased body weight and higher prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents, suggesting potential obesogenic effects of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada; Populations and Public Health Research Program, ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bin Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhaogeng Yang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghe Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Zhou S, Lin L, Bao Z, Meng T, Wang S, Chen G, Li Q, Liu Z, Bao H, Han N, Wang H, Guo Y. The association of prenatal exposure to particulate matter with infant growth: A birth cohort study in Beijing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 277:116792. [PMID: 33721799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Limited studies examined the associations of prenatal exposure to particulate matter (PM) and children's growth with inconsistent results, and no study focused on PM1. We matched a birth cohort (10,547 children) with daily PM1 and PM2.5 concentrations by maternal home addresses. Air pollution concentrations were predicted by satellite remote sensing data, meteorological factors, and land use information. The weight and length of children in the birth cohort were measured at approximately one year old. We calculated the Z-score of weight for length (WFL) and body mass index (BMI) and then defined overweight and obesity (OWOB) based on WHO Standards. Generalized linear regression and modified Poisson regression were used to identify the association of prenatal exposure to PM1 or PM2.5 with anthropometric measurements and risk of OWOB. We also determined the mediation effect of preterm birth on the associations. Results showed that a 10 μg/m3 increase in prenatal exposure to PM1 and PM2.5 was significantly associated with a 0.105 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.067, 0.144] and 0.063 (95% CI: 0.029, 0.097) increase in WFL Z-score for one-year-old children. Similar associations were found for BMI Z-score. A 10 μg/m3 increase in prenatal PM1 and PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with 1.012 (95%CI: 1.003, 1.021) and 1.010 (95%CI: 1.002, 1.018) times higher risk of OWOB. . Preterm birth mediated 7.5% [direct effect (DE) = 0.106, P < 0.001; indirect effect (IE) = 0.009, P < 0.001)] and 9.9% (DE = 0.064, P < 0.001; IE = 0.007, P < 0.001) of the association between prenatal PM1 and PM2.5 exposure and WFL Z-score of the children. The association of prenatal PM1 and PM2.5 exposure with BMI Z-score of children was also mediated by preterm birth by 6.6% (DE = 0.111, P < 0.001; IE = 0.008, P < 0.001) and 9.1% (DE = 0.064, P < 0.001; IE = 0.006, P < 0.001). These results remained robust in the sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to PM1 and PM2.5 increased WFL, BMI Z-scores and higher risk of OWOB for one-year-old children. The associations were partially mediated by preterm birth. These findings call for the urgent action on air pollution regulation to protect early-life health among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zheng Bao
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Tong Meng
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China; Reproductive Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Heling Bao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Na Han
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Joint effects of ambient air pollution and maternal smoking on neonatal adiposity and childhood BMI trajectories in the Healthy Start study. Environ Epidemiol 2021; 5:e142. [PMID: 34131612 PMCID: PMC8196098 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coexposure to air pollution and tobacco smoke may influence early-life growth, but few studies have investigated their joint effects. We examined the interaction between fetal exposure to maternal smoking and ozone (O3) or fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on birth weight, neonatal adiposity, and body mass index (BMI) trajectories through age 3 years. Methods Participants were 526 mother-child pairs, born ≥37 weeks. Cotinine was measured at ~27 weeks gestation. Whole pregnancy and trimester-specific O3 and PM2.5 were estimated via. inverse-distance weighted interpolation from stationary monitors. Neonatal adiposity (fat mass percentage) was measured via. air displacement plethysmography. Child weight and length/height were abstracted from medical records. Interaction was assessed by introducing cotinine (<31.5 vs. ≥31.5 ng/mL [indicating active smoking]), O3/PM2.5 (low [tertiles 1-2] vs. high [tertile 3]), and their product term in linear regression models for birth weight and neonatal adiposity and mixed-effects models for BMI trajectories. Results The rate of BMI growth among offspring jointly exposed to maternal smoking and high PM2.5 (between 8.1 and 12.7 μg/m3) in the third trimester was more rapid than would be expected due to the individual exposures alone (0.8 kg/m2 per square root year; 95% CI = 0.1, 1.5; P for interaction = 0.03). We did not detect interactions between maternal smoking and O3 or PM2.5 at any other time on birth weight, neonatal adiposity, or BMI trajectories. Conclusions Although PM2.5 was generally below the EPA annual air quality standards of 12.0 μg/m3, exposure during the third trimester may influence BMI trajectories when combined with maternal smoking.
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Chen M, Xu Y, Wang W, Wang X, Qiu L, Chen S, Kan H, Ying Z. Paternal Exposure to PM 2.5 Programs Offspring's Energy Homeostasis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6097-6106. [PMID: 33825453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Considerable studies show that maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) programs offspring's susceptibility to obesity. However, few studies have investigated the effect of paternal PM2.5 exposure on offspring's energy homeostasis. This study thus tested whether paternal PM2.5 exposure programs offspring's energy homeostasis. Male C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to filtered air or concentrated ambient PM2.5 (CAP) for 12 weeks and then mated with normal female C57Bl/6J mice. The offspring were assessed for growth trajectories, food intakes, and body compositions, and the sperm miRNAs of those sires were profiled by microarray. Zygotic injection was used to test whether the miRNA identified by the microarray mediates the impact of paternal PM2.5 exposure on offspring's energy homeostasis. Paternal CAP exposure resulted in significant hypophagia and weight loss in male, but not female, offspring. The weight loss of male offspring was accompanied by decreases in the liver and kidney masses and paradoxically an increase in the adipose mass. Without further exposure to CAP, this programming was three-generationally transmitted along the paternal line. The sperm miRNA profiling revealed that mmu-mir6909-5p was the sole differentially expressed sperm miRNA due to PM2.5 exposure, and zygotic injection of mmu-mir6909-5p mimicked all the effects of paternal PM2.5 exposure on offspring's energy homeostasis. Paternal PM2.5 exposure programs offspring's energy homeostasis through increasing paternal sperm mmu-mir6909-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Chen
- Department of Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wanjun Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoke Wang
- Department of Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Lianglin Qiu
- Department of Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Sufang Chen
- Department of Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Endocrinology, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhekang Ying
- Department of Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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Effect of Air Pollution on Obesity in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8050327. [PMID: 33922616 PMCID: PMC8146513 DOI: 10.3390/children8050327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution exposure has been identified as being associated with childhood obesity. Nevertheless, strong evidence of such an association is still lacking. To analyze whether air pollution exposure affects childhood obesity, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis utilizing the PRISMA guidelines. Of 7343 studies identified, eight studies that investigated the effects of air pollutant characteristics, including PM2.5, PM10, PMcoarse, PMabsorbance, NOx, and NO2, on childhood obesity were included. The polled effects showed that air pollution is correlated with a substantially increased risk of childhood obesity. PM2.5 was found to be associated with a significantly increased risk (6%) of childhood obesity (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.10, p = 0.003). In addition, PM10, PM2.5absorbance, and NO2 appeared to significantly increase the risk of obesity in children (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.10, p < 0.00; OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.06–1.43, p = 0.07; and OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.16, p < 0.001, respectively). PMcoarse and NOx also showed trends towards being associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.95–1.20, p = 0.291, and OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.02, p = 0.571, respectively). Strong evidence was found to support the theory that air pollution exposure is one of the factors that increases the risk of childhood obesity.
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Tamayo-Ortiz M, Téllez-Rojo MM, Rothenberg SJ, Gutiérrez-Avila I, Just AC, Kloog I, Texcalac-Sangrador JL, Romero-Martinez M, Bautista-Arredondo LF, Schwartz J, Wright RO, Riojas-Rodriguez H. Exposure to PM 2.5 and Obesity Prevalence in the Greater Mexico City Area. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2301. [PMID: 33652701 PMCID: PMC7956483 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to PM2.5 has been associated with the prevalence of obesity. In the Greater Mexico City Area (GMCA), both are ranked among the highest in the world. Our aim was to analyze this association in children, adolescents, and adults in the GMCA. We used data from the 2006 and 2012 Mexican National Surveys of Health and Nutrition (ENSANUT). Participants' past-year exposure to ambient PM2.5 was assessed using land use terms and satellite-derived aerosol optical depth estimates; weight and height were measured. We used survey-adjusted logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of obesity (vs. normal-overweight) for every 10 µg/m3 increase in annual PM2.5 exposure for children, adolescents, and adults. Using a meta-analysis approach, we estimated the overall odds of obesity. We analyzed data representing 19.3 million and 20.9 million GMCA individuals from ENSANUT 2006 and 2012, respectively. The overall pooled estimate between PM2.5 exposure and obesity was OR = 1.96 (95% CI: 1.21, 3.18). For adolescents, a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with an OR of 3.53 (95% CI: 1.45, 8.58) and 3.79 (95% CI: 1.40, 10.24) in 2006 and 2012, respectively. More studies such as this are recommended in Latin American cities with similar air pollution and obesity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz
- Occupational Health Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico;
| | - Martha María Téllez-Rojo
- National Institute of Public Health, 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico; (S.J.R.); (I.G.-A.); (J.L.T.-S.); (M.R.-M.); (L.F.B.-A.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Stephen J. Rothenberg
- National Institute of Public Health, 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico; (S.J.R.); (I.G.-A.); (J.L.T.-S.); (M.R.-M.); (L.F.B.-A.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Ivan Gutiérrez-Avila
- National Institute of Public Health, 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico; (S.J.R.); (I.G.-A.); (J.L.T.-S.); (M.R.-M.); (L.F.B.-A.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Allan Carpenter Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.C.J.); (R.O.W.)
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
| | - José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador
- National Institute of Public Health, 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico; (S.J.R.); (I.G.-A.); (J.L.T.-S.); (M.R.-M.); (L.F.B.-A.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Martin Romero-Martinez
- National Institute of Public Health, 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico; (S.J.R.); (I.G.-A.); (J.L.T.-S.); (M.R.-M.); (L.F.B.-A.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Luis F. Bautista-Arredondo
- National Institute of Public Health, 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico; (S.J.R.); (I.G.-A.); (J.L.T.-S.); (M.R.-M.); (L.F.B.-A.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.C.J.); (R.O.W.)
| | - Horacio Riojas-Rodriguez
- National Institute of Public Health, 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico; (S.J.R.); (I.G.-A.); (J.L.T.-S.); (M.R.-M.); (L.F.B.-A.); (H.R.-R.)
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Finch CE, Morgan TE. Developmental Exposure to Air Pollution, Cigarettes, and Lead: Implications for Brain Aging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-devpsych-042320-044338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Brain development is impaired by maternal exposure to airborne toxins from ambient air pollution, cigarette smoke, and lead. Shared postnatal consequences include gray matter deficits and abnormal behaviors as well as elevated blood pressure. These unexpectedly broad convergences have implications for later life brain health because these same airborne toxins accelerate brain aging. Gene-environment interactions are shown for ApoE alleles that influence the risk of Alzheimer disease. The multigenerational trace of these toxins extends before fertilization because egg cells are formed in the grandmaternal uterus. The lineage and sex-specific effects of grandmaternal exposure to lead and cigarettes indicate epigenetic processes of relevance to future generations from our current and recent exposure to airborne toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E. Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0191, USA;,
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0191, USA;,
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Duan X, Zheng L, Zhang X, Wang B, Xiao M, Zhao W, Liu S, Sui G. A Membrane-free Liver-Gut-on-Chip Platform for the Assessment on Dysregulated Mechanisms of Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism Induced by PM 2.5. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3483-3492. [PMID: 33135418 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced metabolic diseases have attracted a great deal of attention recently. However, the relevant metabolic mechanisms of PM2.5 in vivo have not yet been fully described due to the lack of reliable platforms. Herein, a membrane-free liver-gut-on-chip (L-GOC) platform was developed to investigate metabolism dysregulation induced by PM2.5. A multiple organ system with a liver-gut structure and two circulation paths (L-G and G-L circulation paths) was created, and then cells were exposed to PM2.5 on this platform. Secreted high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were detected, which demonstrates that this multiple organ system functioned with normal physiological metabolism at the organ level. Untargeted metabolomic analysis showed that there were 364 metabolites of LO2 cells dysregulated after exposure to PM2.5 at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. Moreover, cholesterol and bile acid metabolism were significantly dysregulated. Further immunofluorescence and ELISA assays confirmed that signal transduction pathways related to cholesterol metabolism (LCAT-CE, PON1-HDL, and SRB1-HDL metabolic pathways) and bile acid metabolism (CYP7A1-CA/CDCA/DCA metabolic pathways) were disturbed. These results indicate that PM2.5 primarily disturbed cholesterol metabolism of the liver and then disrupted bile acid metabolism of the liver (primary bile acid biosynthesis) and gut (secondary bile acid biosynthesis) via related metabolic pathways. These findings may partially explain the metabolic mechanisms of cells triggered by PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Duan
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xinlian Zhang
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Mingming Xiao
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wang Zhao
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Sixiu Liu
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Sui
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Abstract
Childhood obesity is a global health concern. Air pollution is also a crucial health threat, especially in developing countries. Over the past decade, a number of epidemiologic and animal studies have suggested a possible role of pre- or postnatal exposure to air pollutants on childhood obesity. Although no clear mechanism has been elucidated, physical inactivity, oxidative stress, and epigenetic modifications have been suggested as possible mechanisms by which obesity develops due to air pollution. In this review, we summarize and review previous epidemiologic studies linking air pollution and childhood obesity and discuss the possible mechanisms underlying air pollution-induced obesity based on in vivo and in vitro evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Young Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Sun X, Liu C, Wang Z, Yang F, Liang H, Miao M, Yuan W, Kan H. Prenatal exposure to residential PM 2.5 and anogenital distance in infants at birth: A birth cohort study from Shanghai, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114684. [PMID: 32380398 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is believed to be one of the most hazardous air pollution with a ubiquitous presence. Animal studies have reported the association between prenatal exposure to traffic pollutant (not exclusively including PM2.5) and reproductive development in male offspring. However, the effects of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 on reproductive health in children are still unknown. The present study was based on the Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort Study (S-MBCS). A total of 876 pregnant women and their infants were included. Infants' anogenital distance (AGD, the distance from the anus to the genitals; AGDap [anus-penis] and AGDas [anus-scrotum] for boys, and AGDac [anus-clitoris] and AGDaf [anus-fourchette] for girls) were measured at birth. PM2.5 concentrations during pregnancy were estimated using satellite based modeling approach. Multiple linear regression analysis and multiple informant model were conducted to examine the associations between prenatal exposure to PM2.5 (pre μg/m3) and offspring's AGDs (mm). In order to minimize the misclassification of exposure, a sensitivity analysis restricted to mothers being off work during pregnancy was performed. In multiple linear regression models, we found that prenatal exposure to PM2.5 during the 1st and 3rd trimesters was associated with shorter AGDs. In multiple informant model, similar patterns were found, and statistically significant reductions were observed in AGDap (β=-0.278, 95%CI: -0.343∼-0.212), AGDac (β=-0.188, 95%CI: -0.247∼-0.130) and AGDaf (β= -0.163, 95%CI: -0.238∼-0.088) with PM2.5 exposure during the 1st trimester, and AGDap (β=-0.201, 95%CI: -0.247∼-0.155), AGDas (β=-0.158, 95%CI: -0.198∼-0.117), AGDac (β=-0.128, 95%CI: -0.167∼-0.089) and AGDaf (β = -0.144, 95%CI: -0.194∼-0.094) with PM2.5 exposure during the 3rd trimester. The sensitivity analysis restricted to women being off work during pregnancy showed similar results. PM2.5 exposure during the 1st and 3rd trimesters was associated with shortened AGDs in offspring at birth. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that prenatal exposure to PM2.5 might be associated with the reproductive development of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Sun
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Fen Yang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hong Liang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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50
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Zhang J, Zeng X, Du X, Pan K, Song L, Song W, Xie Y, Zhao J. Parental PM2.5 Exposure-Promoted Development of Metabolic Syndrome in Offspring Is Associated With the Changes of Immune Microenvironment. Toxicol Sci 2020; 170:415-426. [PMID: 31086988 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with some of adverse health outcomes in offspring. The association between parental PM2.5 exposure and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in offspring, and the effects of parental PM2.5 exposure on the susceptibility of offspring mice to PM2.5, has not been evaluated. The C57BL/6 parental mice (male and female mice) were exposed to filtered air (FA) or concentrated PM2.5 (PM) using Shanghai-METAS for a total of 16 weeks. At week 12 during the exposure, we allowed the parental male and female mice to breed offspring mice. The male offspring mice were divided into 4 groups and exposed to PM and FA again. The results showed that whether the parental mice were exposed to PM2.5 or not, the offspring mice exposure to PM2.5 appeared the elevation of blood pressure, insulin resistance, impairment of glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia when compared to the offspring mice exposure to FA. More importantly, no matter what the offspring mice were exposed to, parental PM exposure overwhelmingly impacted the fasting blood insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, serous low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol, splenic T helper cell 17 (Th17) and Treg cells, serous interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-6, and IL-10 in offspring mice. The results suggested that the parental exposure to air pollution might induce the development of MetS in offspring and might enhance the susceptibility of offspring to environmental hazards. The effects of parental PM exposure on offspring might be related to the changes of immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuejiao Zeng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xihao Du
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kun Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liying Song
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weimin Song
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuquan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jinzhuo Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai 200030, China
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