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Saga S, Sasaki N, Arai T. Molecular identification, characterization, and structure analysis of house musk shrew ( Suncus murinus) leptin. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2018; 6:1-8. [PMID: 31453164 PMCID: PMC6702923 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2019.f305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: House musk shrew (Suncus murinus), a small experimental animal with low body fat, may be a possible model for human lipodystrophy. Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone thought to have an important role in the pathophysiology of lipodystrophy. The objectives of this study were to clarify the structure and distribution of suncus leptin. Materials and methods: To determine the primary structure of suncus leptin, we cloned the suncus Lep cDNA using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends method. The obtained amino acid (aa) sequence was compared with other mammals and the protein structure prediction was performed. Results: The suncus Lep cDNA encodes 170 aa. The putative suncus leptin precursor has a predicted signal peptide of 21 aa, and the mature leptin comprises 149 aa. The mature leptin is 75%–82% homologous to that of other species. Insertion of the three aa, VPQ, not seen in other mammals was found. This VPQ insertion is thought to be due to a nucleotide insertion of nine bases by slippage-like microindels. The predicted 3D structure of suncus leptin exhibited a typical four a-helix structure, however, the VPQ region protruded compared with human leptin. Lep mRNA expression was observed only in white and brown adipose tissues. Conclusion: This study revealed the structure and distribution of suncus leptin. Because the addition of VPQ, which is not found in other mammals, was observed, suncus leptin attracts attention to its physiological action, and to the possibility of being a model of human lipodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Saga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Arai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Gong H, Sun L, Chen B, Han Y, Pang J, Wu W, Qi R, Zhang TM. Evaluation of candidate reference genes for RT-qPCR studies in three metabolism related tissues of mice after caloric restriction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38513. [PMID: 27922100 PMCID: PMC5138604 DOI: 10.1038/srep38513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a routine method for gene expression analysis, and reliable results depend on proper normalization by stable reference genes. Caloric restriction (CR) is a robust lifestyle intervention to slow aging and delay onset of age-associated diseases via inducing global changes in gene expression. Reliable normalization of RT-qPCR data becomes crucial in CR studies. In this study, the expression stability of 12 candidate reference genes were evaluated in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), skeletal muscle (Sk.M) and liver of CR mice by using three algorithms, geNorm, NormFinder, and Bestkeeper. Our results showed β2m, Ppia and Hmbs as the most stable genes in iWAT, Sk.M and liver, respectively. Moreover, two reference genes were sufficient to normalize RT-qPCR data in each tissue and the suitable pair of reference genes was β2m-Hprt in iWAT, Ppia-Gusb in Sk.M and Hmbs-β2m in liver. By contrast, the least stable gene in iWAT or Sk.M was Gapdh, and in liver was Pgk1. Furthermore, the expression of Leptin and Ppar-γ were profiled in these tissues to validate the selected reference genes. Our data provided a basis for gene expression analysis in future CR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gong
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Beidong Chen
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Han
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Pang
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tie-Mei Zhang
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
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3
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de Godoy MRC, Swanson KS. COMPANION ANIMALS SYMPOSIUM: Nutrigenomics: Using gene expression and molecular biology data to understand pet obesity1. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:2949-64. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. R. C. de Godoy
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - K. S. Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
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4
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Natural selection and adaptive evolution of leptin. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Amato C, Martin L, Dumon H, Jaillardon L, Nguyen P, Siliart B. Variations of plasma leptin in show horses during a work season. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 96:850-9. [PMID: 22129462 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01263.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is an adipocytokine mainly expressed by adipose tissue. Secretion of leptin in healthy animals is closely related to fat mass and metabolic activity. The aim of this study was to investigate plasma leptin variations, in relation to nutritional and exercise parameters in adult show horses during a work season. EDTA-blood samples were taken at rest from 37 Iberian horses. Body weight, body condition score and fat percentage determined by ultrasonic measurement of rump fat thickness were measured. Plasma leptin was determined with a multi-species RIA kit. Linear mixed effects model was used to assess relationship between plasma leptin and other biological parameters. Plasma leptin concentration was <12.6 ng/ml (mean = 2.8 ± 1.6 ng/ml) and was significantly higher during training periods (p < 0.0001) (4.5 ± 1.7 ng/ml) than in show periods (2.0 ± 1.1 ng/ml), despite a significant increase (p < 0.0001) in energy intake. The body weight remained almost constant. The plasma leptin concentrations were significantly affected by exercise (p < 0.0001), body weight (p = 0.04) and BCS (p < 0.0001), but were not affected by percentage of fat. In conclusion, the marked decrease in leptin values observed during a period of intense (i.e. excessive) exercise could result from an adaptation to cumulative alterations in energy balance, to exercise per se or to a combination of both.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Amato
- Nutrition et Endocrinologie, LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Atlanpôle-La Chantrerie, Nantes, France.
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6
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Zoran DL. Obesity in dogs and cats: a metabolic and endocrine disorder. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2010; 40:221-39. [PMID: 20219485 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is defined as an accumulation of excessive amounts of adipose tissue in the body, and has been called the most common nutritional disease of dogs in Western countries. Most investigators agree that at least 33% of the dogs presented to veterinary clinics are obese, and that the incidence is increasing as human obesity increases in the overall population. Obesity is not just the accumulation of large amounts of adipose tissue, but is associated with important metabolic and hormonal changes in the body, which are the focus of this review. Obesity is associated with a variety of conditions, including osteoarthritis, respiratory distress, glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dystocia, decreased heat tolerance, some forms of cancer, and increased risk of anesthetic and surgical complications. Prevention and early recognition of obesity, as well as correcting obesity when it is present, are essential to appropriate health care, and increases both the quality and quantity of life for pets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra L Zoran
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA.
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7
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Xu Q, Zhang X, Han N, Shou J, Hou R, Zhang Z, Bian H, Zhu M. Characterization and expression of Ailuropoda melanoleuca leptin (ob gene). Zoolog Sci 2010; 27:41-6. [PMID: 20064007 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.27.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, plays important roles in metabolism and reproduction. In this article, we report the cloning, expression, and identification of the giant panda leptin (gLeptin) gene and its variants. The gLeptin cDNA was 504 bp long, encoding a precursor peptide of 167 amino acids including 21 residues of signal peptide. A short variant of gLeptin was 501 bp long, encoding a 166-aa peptide and also including a 21-aa signal peptide. Giant panda leptin was 99.4%, 94.6%, and 92.8% identical to that of black bear, dog, and cat, respectively, but was only 81.4% and 80.8% identical to that of human and rat. The cloned gLeptin gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, with expression confirmed by Western blotting and MALDI-TOF-TOF MS PMF. After purification, renaturation, and condensation, the gLeptin protein was injected into Kunming mice. The recombinant gLeptin significantly inhibited food intake by 41.8% and reduced body weight by 5.1% in the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Radin MJ, Sharkey LC, Holycross BJ. Adipokines: a review of biological and analytical principles and an update in dogs, cats, and horses. Vet Clin Pathol 2009; 38:136-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2009.00133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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ISHIOKA K, OMACHI A, SASAKI N, KIMURA K, SAITO M. Feline Adiponectin: Molecular Structures and Plasma Concentrations in Obese Cats. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 71:189-94. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.71.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi ISHIOKA
- Department of Veterinary Nursing, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Asako OMACHI
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University
| | - Noriyasu SASAKI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Kazuhiro KIMURA
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Masayuki SAITO
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College
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10
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Nakamura S, Okano T, Shibata H, Saito M, Komatsu T, Asano M, Sugiyama M, Tsubota T, Suzuki M. Relationships among changes of serum leptin concentration, leptin mRNA expression in white adipose tissue (WAT), and WAT fat-cell size in female Japanese black bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus). CAN J ZOOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1139/z08-080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As a first step to study the relationship between fat accumulation and reproductive success in Japanese black bears ( Ursus thibetanus japonicus Schlegel, 1857) with the focus on leptin, we determined leptin cDNA sequences in the bears. Next, we studied the possibility of white adipose tissue (WAT) as a leptin secretion source by observing the changes of leptin mRNA expression in WAT by semiquantitative real-time reverse transcript – polymerase chain reaction, the index of WAT fat-cell size, and serum leptin concentration in pregnant bears. Then, based on our results, we discussed roles of leptin in those bears. The amino acid sequences of leptin from the bears were highly identical to that of other carnivores. The expression of leptin mRNA in WAT was detected from September to January, with a tendency to increase in late November and January; the relationship between changes in the index of WAT fat-cell size and those in serum leptin concentration was high (r = 0.55, P < 0.01), with an increase in both in mid-November. These results suggested that leptin was mainly secreted from WAT in bears and that serum leptin concentrations might reflect their nutritional condition. Moreover, leptin might serve as an indicator of their fat mass, which would affect their survival during hibernation and their reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Nakamura
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T. Okano
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - H. Shibata
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - M. Saito
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T. Komatsu
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - M. Asano
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - M. Sugiyama
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T. Tsubota
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - M. Suzuki
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc. Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan
- The Institute of Japanese Black Bear in Ani, Kita-Akita 018-3392, Japan
- Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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11
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Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Leptin Gene in Hanwoo(Korean Cattle). JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2007.49.3.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ishioka K, Hatai H, Komabayashi K, Soliman MM, Shibata H, Honjoh T, Kimura K, Saito M. Diurnal variations of serum leptin in dogs: effects of fasting and re-feeding. Vet J 2005; 169:85-90. [PMID: 15683767 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2003] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Leptin is a protein synthesized and secreted primarily by adipocytes, and plays a key role in the regulation of energy balance. We have reported that serum leptin is elevated in obese dogs. In the present study, we examined diurnal variations of serum leptin in the dog, with special references to feeding and fasting cycles. Four male beagles were accustomed to feed once a day at 10:00 h, and blood samples were taken every 3 h for 24-36 h. Serum leptin concentration showed clear diurnal variations, being lowest before food intake (2.3+/-0.5 ng/mL) at 09:00 h, and highest (10.5+/-2.4 ng/mL) at 18:00 h. Such diurnal variations disappeared when the dogs were fasted. Serum insulin also showed diurnal variation with higher levels at 12:00-15:00 h. When insulin or glucose was injected in the fasted dogs to mimic the post-prandial insulin rise, serum leptin concentration was significantly increased in 4-8 h, but in both cases to a lesser extents than those after food intake. The results indicate that serum leptin concentrations change diurnally in association with feeding-fasting cycles in the dog, partially due to changes in insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ishioka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
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13
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Shibata H, Akahane R, Honjoh T, Asano M, Mominoki K, Fujii K, Suzuki M, Ohtaishi N, Ishioka K, Ahmed M, Soliman M, Kimura K, Saito M. Seasonal changes in serum leptin of the feral raccoon (Procyon lotor) determined by canine-leptin-specific ELISA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 303:527-33. [PMID: 15945076 DOI: 10.1002/jez.a.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Several reports have been published on blood leptin concentrations in feral animals, including members of the Carnivora, using a commercially available multi-species radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit with anti-human leptin antibody. However, we observed weak immunoreactivity between recombinant canine leptin and anti-human leptin antibody, suggesting a limitation in the applicability of the RIA kit for leptin assays in Carnivora species. We tested the applicability of RIA and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with anti-canine leptin antibody to assay blood leptin in the dog (Canis familiaris) and the raccoon (Procyon lotor). When RIA was used for recombinant canine leptin and dog sera, values were much lower than those determined by ELISA at higher concentrations (>10 ng/ml), while rather higher at lower concentrations (<2 ng/ml). A similar discrepancy between the two methods was found for serum leptin concentrations in raccoons. Clear seasonal variations were observed by ELISA, but not by RIA, with high values in autumn (3.46+/-0.45 ng/ml) and low values in spring and summer (0.71+/-0.07 ng/ml). Serum leptin concentrations in raccoons correlated positively with their body weight (r=0.753) and body mass index (r=0.755), corroborating our previous findings of a strong positive correlation between serum leptin concentrations and body fat content in dogs. Thus, the canine leptin ELISA is useful for assays of dog and raccoon leptin, and blood leptin is a good marker of nutritional condition in the species of Carnivora assayed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Shibata
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc., Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0003, Japan
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Shibata H, Sasaki N, Honjoh T, Ohishi I, Takiguchi M, Ishioka K, Ahmed M, Soliman M, Kimura K, Saito M. Feline Leptin: Immunogenic and Biological Activities of the Recombinant Protein, and Its Measurement by ELISA. J Vet Med Sci 2003; 65:1207-11. [PMID: 14665750 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.65.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a protein synthesized and secreted primarily by adipose tissue. The blood leptin concentration is known to reflect body fat content in rodents, humans and dogs, and thereby is useful for quantitative assessment of obesity. In the present study, we produced recombinant feline leptin in Escherichia coli transfected with feline leptin cDNA we cloned previously. The recombinant feline leptin with a molecular weight of 16 kDa induced phosphorylation of the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein in the cells expressing rat leptin receptor. The anti-feline leptin antibody raised in rabbits reacted well to feline and human leptin and less to rodents' leptin in Western blot analysis. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed, using rabbit anti-feline leptin antibody and recombinant feline leptin as a standard. In this ELISA system, cross-reactivity to human, rat and mouse leptin was 30.7%, 69.5% and 66.6%, respectively. The plasma leptin levels of 24 healthy cats were in a range from 0.3 to 29.7 ng/ml with the mean +/- SEM of 4.5 +/- 1.3 ng/ml, being positively proportional to body fat content. These results indicate that our ELISA system may be useful for assessment of obesity in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Shibata
- Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
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