1
|
Schuwerk L, Ulianytska A, Baumgärtner W, Reineking W. Melan-A immunolabeling in canine extramedullary plasmacytomas. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858241246979. [PMID: 38642035 DOI: 10.1177/03009858241246979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Histologic diagnosis of less well-differentiated cases of canine extramedullary plasmacytomas (CEMPs) may require immunohistochemical confirmation to discriminate these tumors from other round cells tumors including lymphoma, cutaneous histiocytoma, and amelanotic melanomas. CEMPs are characterized by widespread immunoreactivity for multiple myeloma 1 (MUM1) antigen and λ light chains, while the melanocytic marker melan-A has been reported to yield negative results. Here, 33 randomly selected CEMPs, 20 melanocytomas, and 20 malignant melanomas were immunohistochemically tested for MUM1, melan-A, and PNL2. In addition, CEMPs were examined for PAX5, E-cadherin, CD3, CD18, CD20, S100, as well as λ and κ light chain immunoreactivity. All CEMPs were characterized by labeling for MUM1 and λ light chain, as well as variable immunopositivity for the remaining antibodies. Notably, 13 cases of CEMPs (39.4%) exhibited immunolabeling for melan-A. Melanocytic tumors immunolabeled for melan-A (40/40; 100%) and PNL2 (34/40; 85%). An unexpected cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for MUM1 was observed in 2 melanocytic tumors. Summarized, MUM1 or melan-A immunomarkers alone are not sufficient to differentiate between CEMPs and amelanotic melanomas and should be part of a larger immunopanel including λ light chain, CD20, and PNL2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schuwerk
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
van der Weyden L, Avenant A, O’Dell N. Cutaneous Plasmacytoma with Systemic Metastases in a Cape Serotine Bat ( Laephotis capensis). Vet Sci 2024; 11:72. [PMID: 38393090 PMCID: PMC10892064 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite their relatively long life-spans, reports of neoplasia in bats are rare and are limited to a handful of cases. In this report, we describe a 2-year-old female wild Cape serotine bat (Laephotis capensis) that had been caught by a domestic cat and presented with a skin mass over the chest area. Histopathological analysis of a subsequent biopsy revealed proliferating sheets of neoplastic round cells, occasionally appearing to form packets, supported by a fine, fibrovascular stroma. Marked nuclear pleomorphism was seen, as well as a high mitotic count. Immunohistochemistry displayed positive labelling for MUM1 in the neoplastic cells. The diagnosis was extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP); a neoplasm consisting of plasma cells derived from B lymphocytes. Due to a deteriorating condition, the bat was anaesthetised, and the mass was surgically removed two weeks later. However, the bat succumbed under the anaesthetic. Histopathological examination of the mass showed the same neoplastic cell population as observed in the biopsy; in addition, there was a locally extensive infiltration of neoplastic cells in the spleen and a mild presence of neoplastic cells in circulation. This is the first report of an EMP in a bat, and we compare the findings with that seen in dogs and cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alida Avenant
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa;
| | - Nicolize O’Dell
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa;
- Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Evenhuis JV, Oates A, Hoyer N, Vilander AC, Thamm DH, Worley DR. A retrospective study of canine oral extramedullary plasmacytoma over a 15-year period (July 2004-July 2019): Treatment, histologic parameters and clinical outcomes. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:302-314. [PMID: 36808816 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A total of 45 cases of canine oral extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) presented to a tertiary referral institution over a 15-year period were examined. Histologic sections of 33 of these cases were examined for histopathologic prognostic indicators. Patients underwent variable treatment including surgical intervention, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Long term survival was observed in the majority of dogs with a median survival time of 973 days (2-4315 days). However, almost 1/3 of dogs had progression of plasma cell disease, including two cases with myeloma-like progression. Histologic characterization of these tumours did not reveal criteria to predict tumour malignancy. However, cases without tumour progression did not exceed 28 mitotic figures in ten 400× fields (2.37 mm2 ). All cases with tumour related death showed at least moderate nuclear atypia. Oral EMPs may represent a local manifestation of systemic plasma cell disease or singular focal neoplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janny V Evenhuis
- James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew Oates
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Naomi Hoyer
- James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Allison C Vilander
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Douglass H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.,Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Deanna R Worley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.,Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kanwal M, Selting KA. Oral Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Treatment Using a Combination of Marginal Excision and Strontium-90 Therapy in Five Dogs. J Vet Dent 2022; 40:181-186. [PMID: 36540017 DOI: 10.1177/08987564221145111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a benign round cell tumor that is most commonly found in cutaneous locations in dogs and occurs less frequently in the oral cavity. They are highly radiosensitive, are distinct from systemic multiple myeloma syndrome and wide surgical excision is typically curative. This report describes five cases of non-invasive oral EMP in dogs treated with a combination of marginal excision and strontium-90 plesiotherapy. All five cases had narrow or incomplete margins on histopathologic evaluation but experienced no recurrence after combination therapy. Plesiotherapy radiation may offer a potential adjunct treatment for non-invasive oral EMP by providing a superficial dose of radiation that complements a less invasive surgical removal. The combination of plesiotherapy and marginal excision may offer an alternative to wide surgical excision for non-invasive oral EMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Kanwal
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Selting
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aupperle-Lellbach H, Grassinger JM, Floren A, Törner K, Beitzinger C, Loesenbeck G, Müller T. Tumour Incidence in Dogs in Germany: a Retrospective Analysis of 109,616 Histopathological Diagnoses (2014-2019). J Comp Pathol 2022; 198:33-55. [PMID: 36116890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of a tumour entity is based on the precise histopathological diagnosis taking into account the signalment of the diseased animal. The present study is a comprehensive, up-to-date statistical investigation on the type, frequency and breed distribution of neoplasia in dogs in Germany. The histopathological datasets of 109,616 German canine tissue samples (2014-2019) were processed and statistically examined in retrospect. Non-neoplastic diseases were found in 38,650 samples (35.3%) and 70,966 neoplasms (64.7%) were diagnosed. The most common neoplasms were mammary tumours (21.9%), benign epithelial skin tumours (15.4%), mast cell tumour (9.7%), histiocytoma (7.0%), soft tissue sarcoma (5.8%), lipoma (5.8%), melanocytic tumours (5.2%) and odontogenic tumours (4.7%). In general, Beagles, Magyar Vizslas, Boxers, Schnauzers, Spaniels, French Bulldogs and Golden Retrievers had an increased risk of neoplasia (odds ratio 1.17-1.46; all: P ≤0.001) compared with crossbreed dogs. In particular, Boxers, Golden Retrievers, Rottweilers and Schnauzers were often affected by malignant neoplasms, whereas some breeds (eg, West Highland White Terrier, Magyar Vizsla, Chihuahua, Dachshund and Yorkshire Terrier) were frequently affected by numerous benign tumour types. Despite the known risk of haemangiosarcoma in German Shepherd Dogs, other malignant tumours were rare in this breed. Depending on the type of tumour, some purebred dog breeds can have an increased, reduced or identical risk for certain neoplasms compared with crossbreeds. Discussion of breed predispositions to tumour diseases must therefore be conducted critically and with a view to clinical relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Floren
- Institut für Bioinformatik, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany; Institut für Tierökologie und Tropenbiologie, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie III (Tierökologie), Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Tobias Müller
- Institut für Bioinformatik, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rissi DR, Oliveira FN. Review of diagnostic histologic features of cutaneous round cell neoplasms in dogs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022; 34:769-779. [PMID: 35655419 DOI: 10.1177/10406387221100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous round cell neoplasms (RCNs) are among the most common skin tumors of dogs. Although a diagnosis can be made in most cases following the examination of H&E-stained routine samples, less-differentiated neoplasms can exhibit overlapping morphologic features that may be challenging to the pathologist, and require immunohistochemistry or molecular testing to reach a final diagnosis. Many patients with cutaneous RCNs are initially seen by a general practitioner and are not referred to a veterinary teaching hospital until a diagnosis has been made. For this reason, anatomic pathology residents at some academic or other training institutions may not be exposed frequently to RCNs during the surgical biopsy service as part of their residency training. In an attempt to fill that gap, here we review the key routine histologic features of canine cutaneous RCNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Rissi
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Foiani G, Zanardello C, Carminato A, Melchiotti E, Roccabianca P, Tecilla M, Vascellari M. Chromogenic in situ hybridization for the detection of lambda and kappa immunoglobulin light chains as a potential auxiliary diagnostic technique in canine plasmacytomas. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 32:675-682. [PMID: 32627692 PMCID: PMC7488974 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720938687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous morphologic features of canine plasmacytomas (PCTs) can make their differentiation from other round cell tumors challenging. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for lambda (λ) and kappa (к) immunoglobulin (Ig) light chains is often equivocal because of high background staining. The chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) technique for light chains has shown higher sensitivity compared to IHC in human plasma cell tumors. Therefore, we aimed to validate automated CISH for light chains in canine tissues and to evaluate its diagnostic potential in canine PCTs, in conjunction with routinely used IHC markers. CISH for light chains demonstrated a clear signal in plasma cell populations of canine control tissues (lymph nodes, lymphoplasmacytic inflammation) showing a polyclonal pattern with a prevalence of λ-producing cells. CISH detected monotypic light chain expression in 33 of 53 (62%) PCTs, 31 expressing λ and 2 expressing к. CISH was more sensitive than IHC for λ light chain (58% vs. 47%, respectively) and more easily interpretable given the absence of confounding background staining. The absence of CISH staining for both λ and к in a considerable subset of tumors may be the result of lower light chain production by neoplastic cells. Multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1) was expressed by all but 2 PCTs (96%), which showed λ expression by CISH and IHC. The identification of poorly differentiated canine PCTs requires the assessment of a panel of IHC markers, with the potential support of CISH for Ig light chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Foiani
- Greta Foiani, Laboratory of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università 10, Legnaro, Padua, 35020, Italy.
| | - Claudia Zanardello
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy (Foiani, Zanardello, Carminato, Melchiotti, Vascellari)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milano, Milano, Italy (Roccabianca, Tecilla)
| | - Antonio Carminato
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy (Foiani, Zanardello, Carminato, Melchiotti, Vascellari)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milano, Milano, Italy (Roccabianca, Tecilla)
| | - Erica Melchiotti
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy (Foiani, Zanardello, Carminato, Melchiotti, Vascellari)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milano, Milano, Italy (Roccabianca, Tecilla)
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy (Foiani, Zanardello, Carminato, Melchiotti, Vascellari)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milano, Milano, Italy (Roccabianca, Tecilla)
| | - Marco Tecilla
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy (Foiani, Zanardello, Carminato, Melchiotti, Vascellari)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milano, Milano, Italy (Roccabianca, Tecilla)
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy (Foiani, Zanardello, Carminato, Melchiotti, Vascellari)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milano, Milano, Italy (Roccabianca, Tecilla)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kok MK, Chambers JK, Tsuboi M, Nishimura R, Tsujimoto H, Uchida K, Nakayama H. Retrospective study of canine cutaneous tumors in Japan, 2008-2017. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1133-1143. [PMID: 31257236 PMCID: PMC6715907 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous tumors are commonly found in dogs. To date, few studies have investigated the
epidemiology of canine cutaneous tumors in Asian countries. The present study aims to
report the prevalence of canine cutaneous tumors in Japan, and assess the association of
breed, age, sex, and anatomical locations with the development of common tumor types. A
total of 1,435 cases of cutaneous tumors were examined, of which 813 (56.66%) cases were
malignant, and 622 (43.34%) were benign. Soft tissue sarcomas (18.40%), mast cell tumor
(16.24%), lipoma (9.69%), hair follicle tumors (9.34%), and benign sebaceous tumors
(8.50%) outnumbered the other tumor types. Tumors were commonly found on the head
(13.87%), hindlimb (10.52%), forelimb (8.01%), chest (5.78%), and neck (5.57%). The risk
of developing cutaneous tumors increased significantly in dogs aged 11-year and above
(P<0.001). Mixed-breed dogs (14.63%), Miniature Dachshund (9.90%),
and Labrador Retriever (8.01%) were the three most presented breeds; while Boxer, Bernese
Mountain Dog, and Golden Retriever had an increased risk of cutaneous tumor development in
comparison to mixed-breed dogs (P<0.05). Epidemiological information
from the present study will serve as a useful reference for regional veterinarians to
establish a preliminary diagnosis of canine cutaneous tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mun Keong Kok
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - James K Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsuboi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsujimoto
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Extramedullary Pulmonary Plasmacytoma in a Dog. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/acve-2019-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In this case report we are presenting a rare case of primary pulmonary plasmacytoma in a dog in the context of clinical and pathological findings. A six-years-old, female Rottweiler was brought to the clinic with respiratory complaints. The patient was dyspneic and tachypneic, and there were friction sounds on auscultation of the lungs. Laryngeal and tracheal palpation induced severe cough. Lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs of the thorax showed increased opacity in the lungs and loss of cardiac silhouette. Based on clinical and radiological findings, diagnosis of a lung mass was made and surgery recommended. Under general anesthesia, bilobectomy of the right lung lobes by medial sternotomy was performed. Upon cytological and histopathological findings, plasmacytoma was diagnosed.
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Ehrensing G, Craig LE. Intravascular neoplastic cells in canine cutaneous plasmacytomas. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30:329-332. [PMID: 29291682 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717752781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated 134 cutaneous plasmacytomas in 125 dogs submitted to the University of Tennessee surgical biopsy service between 2009 and 2012 to determine whether the presence of intravascular neoplastic cells had prognostic significance. Tumors occurred in middle-aged to geriatric dogs (range: 5-16 y, mean: 9.6 y) and most frequently involved the skin of the head and distal limbs. Diagnoses were made based on light microscopy, and in some cases confirmed by immunoreactivity of neoplastic cells for MUM1. Tumors were categorized as having or not having intravascular neoplastic cells within sections examined. The intravascular location of tumor cells was confirmed by immunoreactivity of endothelial cells for factor VIII-related antigen in 3 cases. Neoplastic cells within vessel lumens were identified in 20 of 125 dogs (16%). Submitting veterinary practices were contacted for follow-up data on patients including local recurrence and cutaneous plasmacytomas in other locations. Follow-up information was acquired on 99 dogs (79%). Recurrence was documented in one dog with cutaneous plasmacytomas; both masses had incomplete margins and intravascular neoplastic cells. Additional distant cutaneous plasmacytomas were later diagnosed in 3 patients; none of these dogs had intravascular neoplastic cells. In no cases were cutaneous plasmacytomas suspected to be a cause of death or reason for euthanasia. Intravascular neoplastic cells were more common in tumors of the distal limbs (36%) compared to other locations (11%; p = 0.0007). The presence of intravascular neoplastic cells did not affect prognosis in cutaneous plasmacytomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Ehrensing
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI (Ehrensing).,Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (Craig)
| | - Linden E Craig
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI (Ehrensing).,Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (Craig)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pargass I, Bally A, Suepaul R. Oral Plasmacytoma in a Dog. Vet Sci 2017; 4:E68. [PMID: 29240688 PMCID: PMC5753648 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci4040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 6-year-old male Pit bull mix dog presented for bleeding from the mouth persisting for five days. A clinical evaluation revealed a 2 × 3 cm soft tissue mandibular mass at the crown of the first premolar, as well as a non-regenerative anemia and hyperproteinemia. Cytologic and histopathologic evaluations of the mass were compatible with an oral plasmacytoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indira Pargass
- The School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Alissa Bally
- The School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Rod Suepaul
- The School of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
McHale B, Blas-Machado U, Oliveira FN, Rissi DR. A divergent pseudoglandular configuration of cutaneous plasmacytoma in dogs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 30:260-262. [PMID: 29153038 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717735868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous and mucocutaneous plasmacytoma (PCT) is a common neoplasm of dogs. Tumors can be single or multiple and occur predominantly in the oral cavity, lip, ears, digits, and trunk. Although these tumors typically offer no diagnostic challenge for the pathologist, subsets of PCTs with atypical morphologic configurations may make differentiation from other neoplasms difficult. We describe 6 cases of canine cutaneous and mucocutaneous PCT with pseudoglandular arrangement of neoplastic cells. The mean age of affected dogs was 11.3 y, and multiple breeds and sites were affected. Histologically, neoplastic cells were arranged in sheets, packets, and pseudoglandular structures containing central accumulations of blood or eosinophilic material admixed with neoplastic cells and hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Given the presence of pseudoglandular structures resembling neoplastic acini, epithelial neoplasia was occasionally included in the differential diagnosis. Neoplastic cells were strongly immunopositive for multiple myeloma oncogene 1 ( MUM-1) and immunonegative for pancytokeratin AE1/AE3. Canine cutaneous and mucocutaneous PCTs with pseudoglandular morphology may resemble epithelial neoplasia and raise questions about tumor histogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany McHale
- Department of Pathology and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (McHale, Blas-Machado, Rissi), University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Antech Diagnostics, College Station, TX (Oliveira)
| | - Uriel Blas-Machado
- Department of Pathology and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (McHale, Blas-Machado, Rissi), University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Antech Diagnostics, College Station, TX (Oliveira)
| | - Fabiano N Oliveira
- Department of Pathology and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (McHale, Blas-Machado, Rissi), University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Antech Diagnostics, College Station, TX (Oliveira)
| | - Daniel R Rissi
- Department of Pathology and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (McHale, Blas-Machado, Rissi), University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Antech Diagnostics, College Station, TX (Oliveira)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rout ED, Shank AMM, Waite AHK, Siegel A, Avery AC, Avery PR. Progression of cutaneous plasmacytoma to plasma cell leukemia in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2017; 46:77-84. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily D. Rout
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| | | | - Angharad H. K. Waite
- The Oncology Service Dogwood Veterinary Emergency & Specialty Center Richmond VA USA
| | | | - Anne C. Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| | - Paul R. Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sykes SE, Byfield V, Sullivan L, Bender SJ, Moore PF, Sánchez MD. Feline Respiratory Extramedullary Plasmacytoma with Lymph Node Metastasis and Intrahistiocytic Amyloid. J Comp Pathol 2016; 156:173-177. [PMID: 28017340 PMCID: PMC7094673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A 14-year-old domestic longhaired cat presented with a 2-year history of nasal discharge and a recent onset of inappetence and submandibular lymphadenopathy. The cat was humanely destroyed after developing severe respiratory distress. Necropsy examination revealed thickened nasal turbinates and soft palate, and friable red–tan material within the frontal sinus, nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The lungs contained multifocal irregular friable tan nodules. Multiple lymph nodes were enlarged, friable and red–tan in colour. Histopathology revealed a mature type extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) within the frontal sinus, nasal cavity, soft palate, larynx, trachea, lungs and multiple lymph nodes. The lymph nodes and larynx also contained marked granulomatous inflammation with extensive intrahistiocytic (and lesser amounts of extracellular) lambda light chain amyloid, confirmed by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Neoplastic cells expressed CD79a and MUM1. This is the first report of an infiltrative EMP of the feline respiratory tract with lymph node metastasis and predominantly intrahistiocytic amyloid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S E Sykes
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - V Byfield
- Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, 210 Route 206 S., Hillsborough, New Jersey, USA
| | - L Sullivan
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - S J Bender
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - P F Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California (Davis), Davis, California, USA
| | - M D Sánchez
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA, Valli VEO. Immunohistochemical Detection of Multiple Myeloma 1/Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (MUM1/IRF-4) in Canine Plasmacytoma: Comparison with CD79a and CD20. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:875-84. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-6-875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma oncogene 1/interferon regulatory factor 4 (MUM1/IRF4) is involved in lymphoid cell differentiation, particularly in the production of plasma cells. We examined the immunoreactivity of mouse monoclonal antibody Mum-1p to MUM1/IRF4 and compared it with expression of CD79a and CD20 in 109 plasmacytomas in 107 dogs. Tissues had been fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. One hundred one of 109 (93.5%) tumors were positive for MUM1/IRF4. The staining was nuclear with weak cytoplasmic reaction. Fifty-nine of 105 (56.2%) plasmacytomas were positive for CD79a; only 21 of 108 (19.4%) cases were positive for CD20. MUM1/IRF4 staining was performed on 139 other tumors including B- and T-cell lymphomas, histiocytic proliferations, mast cell tumors, and melanocytic tumors. The only MUM1/IRF4-positive nonplasmacytic tumors were 10 B-cell lymphomas and 1 anaplastic lymphoma. We conclude the following: 1) Antibody Mum-1p is very specific for canine plasmacytomas, 2) antibody Mum-1p is superior in sensitivity and specificity to CD79a and CD20 for the identification of canine plasmacytomas in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, 3) canine lymphomas that express MUM1/IRF4 are few and usually of B-cell origin, 4) other canine leukocytic and melanocytic tumors do not express MUM1/IRF4, and 5) prospective studies are needed to determine whether the expression of MUM1/IRF4, particularly in lymphomas, has prognostic significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Ramos-Vara
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - M. A. Miller
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - V. E. O. Valli
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mikiewicz M, Otrocka-Domagała I, Paździor-Czapula K, Gesek M. Morphology and immunoreactivity of canine and feline extramedullary plasmacytomas. Pol J Vet Sci 2016; 19:345-52. [DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of the study was the evaluation of morphology and immunophenotype of canine (19 cases) and feline (7 cases) extramedullary plasmacytomas. Tumours, located in skin, oral cavity and spleen were surgically excised, fixed and processed for histopathology and immunohistochemistry (CD79α, CD18, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, metallothionein). Histologically, tumours were classified into mature, cleaved, asynchronous, polymorphous blastic, hyalin, or monomorphous blastic type. All evaluated tumours showed cytoplasmic expression of CD79α antigen. The expression of CD18 was observed in canine cutaneous and splenic tumours. In canine tumours expression of metallothionein was low to moderate, while in feline plasmacytomas – absent or low. In canine tumours, the mitotic index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen index were positively correlated with the expression of metallothionein. In feline tumours no correlation between mitotic index, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and metallothionein was found. This is the first study describing expression of metallothionein in canine and feline extramedullary plasmacytoma.
Collapse
|
18
|
Shales C. Management of non‐lymphomatous small intestinal tumours in dogs and cats. IN PRACTICE 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/inp.h259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Snyman H, Fromstein J, Vince A. A Rare Variant of Multicentric Large B-cell Lymphoma with Plasmacytoid and Mott Cell Differentiation in a Dog. J Comp Pathol 2013; 148:329-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
21
|
Hematopoietic Tumors. WITHROW AND MACEWEN'S SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2013. [PMCID: PMC7161412 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-2362-5.00032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
22
|
Histopathology. CANINE AND FELINE GASTROENTEROLOGY 2013. [PMCID: PMC7152035 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-3661-6.00029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
23
|
Araújo MR, Preis IS, Lavalle GE, Cassali GD, Ecco R. Histomorphological and immunohistochemical characterization of 172 cutaneous round cell tumours in dogs. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2012000800016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of a panel of antibodies (CD117, CD3, CD79a, CD45, cytokeratin, vimentin and E-cadherin) on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of canine cutaneous round cell tumours. Neoplastic tumours were diagnosed by histology and histochemical stains and included 107 mast cell tumours, 31 cutaneous histiocytomas, two localized histiocytic sarcomas, 21 cutaneous lymphomas, three plasma cell tumours, one transmissible venereal tumour and seven unclassified round cell tumours. The histologic diagnosis was modified in 39.5% of the total 172 neoplasms. The staining for CD45 and Ecadherin were variable, and therefore, the final diagnoses of cutaneous histiocytoma and localized histiocytic sarcoma were made based on histology in association with negative results for CD3, CD79a, CD117 and cytokeratin. The cellular origin of unclassified round cell tumours was defined in all cases. Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma and plasma cell tumours were CD79a-positive and could be distinguished from each other by the morphological characteristics. Mast cell tumours and T cell lymphoma were CD117 and CD3 positive, respectively. The positive staining for vimentin and the negative staining for CD3, CD79a, CD117 and cytokeratin favoured the diagnosis of transmissible venereal tumours. Thus, the final diagnosis of cutaneous round cell tumours should be based on the interpretation of immunohistochemical results together with the cellular morphology observed by histology. Therefore, more studies to optimize the specific markers in formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissues (especially for histiocytes) are required for definitive diagnosis of round cell tumours in dogs.
Collapse
|
24
|
Post-mortem Findings in Irish Culled Hounds. J Comp Pathol 2011; 145:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
25
|
KAGAWA Y, YAMASHITA T, MAETANI S, AOKI Y, SAKAGUCHI K, HIRAYAMA K, UMEMURA T, TANIYAMA H. Cutaneous Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma with Systemic Metastasis in a Cat. J Vet Med Sci 2011; 73:1221-4. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko KAGAWA
- North Lab
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | | | | | | | - Kanako SAKAGUCHI
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Kazuko HIRAYAMA
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Takashi UMEMURA
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Hiroyuki TANIYAMA
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vezzali E, Parodi AL, Marcato PS, Bettini G. Histopathologic classification of 171 cases of canine and feline non-Hodgkin lymphoma according to the WHO. Vet Comp Oncol 2010; 8:38-49. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2009.00201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Radhakrishnan A, Risbon RE, Patel RT, Ruiz B, Clifford CA. Progression of a solitary, malignant cutaneous plasma-cell tumour to multiple myeloma in a cat. Vet Comp Oncol 2009; 2:36-42. [PMID: 19379309 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5810.2004.00032.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An 11-year-old male domestic shorthair cat was examined because of a soft-tissue mass on the left tarsus previously diagnosed as a malignant extramedullary plasmacytoma. Findings of further diagnostic tests carried out to evaluate the patient for multiple myeloma were negative. Five months later, the cat developed clinical evidence of multiple myeloma based on positive Bence Jones proteinuria, monoclonal gammopathy and circulating atypical plasma cells. This case represents an unusual presentation for this disease and documents progression of an extramedullary plasmacytoma to multiple myeloma in the cat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Radhakrishnan
- Mathew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6010, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
De Zan G, Zappulli V, Cavicchioli L, Martino LD, Ros E, Conforto G, Castagnaro M. Gastric B-Cell Lymphoma with Mott Cell Differentiation in a Dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2009; 21:715-9. [DOI: 10.1177/104063870902100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A gastric lymphoid tumor with involvement of regional lymph nodes and spleen was diagnosed in an 8-year-old crossbreed male dog with a 6-month history of gastrointestinal disease. Despite surgical excision and palliative therapy (prednisolone and cimetidine), the dog was euthanized due to worsening of clinical signs. At necropsy, multiple white, solid, nodular, infiltrative masses were observed in the stomach, duodenum, spleen, liver, and lungs in association with generalized lymph node enlargement. Cytology, histology, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy revealed that the neoplastic cell population was composed of B lymphocytes that contained variable amounts of round periodic acid-Schiff-positive cytoplasmic globules consistent with Russell bodies. The tumor most likely represented a variant of B-cell neoplasia with extensive Mott cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrita De Zan
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Patologia Comparata ed Igiene Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Padova, Agripolis, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Zappulli
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Patologia Comparata ed Igiene Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Padova, Agripolis, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Cavicchioli
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Patologia Comparata ed Igiene Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Padova, Agripolis, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Linda Di Martino
- Clinica Veterinaria Privata “San Marco,” Laboratorio d'Analisi Veterinarie “San Marco,” Padova, Italy
| | - Eriberta Ros
- Ambulatorio veterinario dott.sse Ros e Conforto, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Giorgia Conforto
- Ambulatorio veterinario dott.sse Ros e Conforto, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Massimo Castagnaro
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Patologia Comparata ed Igiene Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Padova, Agripolis, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wright ZM, Rogers KS, Mansell J. Survival Data for Canine Oral Extramedullary Plasmacytomas: A Retrospective Analysis (1996–2006). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2008; 44:75-81. [DOI: 10.5326/0440075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In a 10-year period, extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMP) represented 5.2% of all oral tumors found in the dog (16/302). These 16 oral EMP comprised 28.5% of all EMP within the same time period. Eleven dogs died with a median survival time of 474 days. Five dogs remain alive at the time of this writing. Dogs without complete surgical removal of the EMP and no adjuvant therapy had a median survival time of 138 days. Oral EMP have a clinical behavior consistent with EMP arising from other tissues. They have no obvious correlation with multiple myeloma, and complete surgical resection may be curative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Wright
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Wright) and Veterinary Pathobiology (Mansell), and Office of the Dean (Rogers), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
- From the
| | - Kenita S. Rogers
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Wright) and Veterinary Pathobiology (Mansell), and Office of the Dean (Rogers), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
- From the
| | - Joanne Mansell
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Wright) and Veterinary Pathobiology (Mansell), and Office of the Dean (Rogers), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
- From the
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Schöniger S, Bridger N, Allenspach K, Mantis P, Rest J, Steeves E. Sinonasal plasmacytoma in a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 2007; 19:573-7. [PMID: 17823407 DOI: 10.1177/104063870701900521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 13-year-old female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat presented with a history of right-sided mucopurulent nasal discharge for 18 months. Computed tomography revealed a mass within the right nasal cavity and the right frontal sinus. The animal was euthanized, and a postmortem examination was performed. On macroscopic examination, the right nasal cavity and the right frontal sinus were partially occluded by a soft whitish mass. Microscopically, the mass was composed of well-differentiated plasma cells that were immunopositive for immunoglobulin G and lambda light chains. These findings were consistent with a mature-type sinonasal plasmacytoma. In addition, there was right-sided mucopurulent rhinitis and sinusitis caused by a Pasteurella infection, which probably developed secondary to the sinonasal plasmacytoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a sinonasal plasmacytoma in a cat. The present communication shows that feline sinonasal plasmacytomas should be included in the differential diagnosis for tumors located in the upper respiratory tract of cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schöniger
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kondo H, Takada M, Shibuya H, Shirai W, Matsuo K, Sato T. Cutaneous Plasmacytoma in Three Golden Hamsters (Mesocrietus auratus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 53:74-6. [PMID: 16466459 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2006.00796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneously occurring cutaneous tumours in three golden hamsters were characterized using histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural methods. Histologically, the tumours were composed of sheets of round to oval plasmacytoid cells with eccentrically placed nuclei. Tissue sections were weakly positive for anti-B lymphocyte antigen (BLA) staining. Ultrastructurally, large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm were observed. BLA positivity and characteristics of ultrastructure showed the plasma cell origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kondo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited published information regarding feline multiple myeloma. Diagnostic criteria are derived from canine studies and to our knowledge, have not been critically reviewed for cats. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings in cats with multiple myeloma and appraise diagnostic criteria. METHODS Retrospective evaluation of medical records was performed. Inclusion required an antemortem diagnosis of multiple myeloma using 2 of 4 criteria: 1) >or=20% plasma cells in the bone marrow, or >or=10% if atypical plasma cells; 2) paraproteinemia; 3) radiographically-evident osteolysis; 4) light chain proteinuria. Alternatively, a postmortem diagnosis was based on the findings of multiple plasma cell neoplasms, with marrow involvement. RESULTS Sixteen cats were diagnosed with multiple myeloma between 1996 and 2004, with a median age of 14.0 years; 9 of 16 (56%) were castrated males, and 7 of 16 (44%) were spayed females. Laboratory abnormalities included hyperglobulinemia (14/16, 87.5%), with 11/14 (78.5%) monoclonal and 3/14 (21.4%) biclonal gammopathies; hypoalbuminemia (4/16, 25%); light chain proteinuria, (4/9, 44.4%); hypocholesterolemia (11/16, 68.7%); hypercalcemia, (3/15, 20%); nonregenerative anemia, (11/16, 68.7%); regenerative anemia, (1/16, 6.2%); neutropenia (5/15, 33.3%); thrombocytopenia (8/16, 50%); and marrow plasmacytosis (14/15, 93.3%). Plasma cells were markedly immature, atypical, or both in 10 of 12 (83.3%) cats. Focal or multifocal osteolysis was noted in 6 of 12 (50%) cats for which radiographs were available for review; generalized osteopenia was found in 1 (8.3%) cat. Noncutaneous, extramedullary tumors were found in all cats assessed, 7/7 (100%), including spleen (6), liver (3), and lymph nodes (4). The disease in 1 of 2 cats with cutaneous tumors progressed to plasmacytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Common findings in feline multiple myeloma include atypical plasma cell morphology, hypocholesterolemia, anemia, bone lesions, and multi-organ involvement. Based on the results of this study, we advocate modifying diagnostic criteria in cats to include consideration of plasma cell morphology and visceral organ infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reema T. Patel
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
| | - Ana Caceres
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
| | - Adrienne F. French
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
| | - Patricia M. McManus
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kupanoff PA, Popovitch CA, Goldschmidt MH. Colorectal Plasmacytomas: A Retrospective Study of Nine Dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2006; 42:37-43. [PMID: 16397193 DOI: 10.5326/0420037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nine cases of colorectal plasmacytomas diagnosed between 1998 and 2001 were reviewed. Treatment consisted of complete surgical resection when possible. Two dogs had multiple plasmacytomas. Two dogs had local recurrence of the tumor at 5 and 8 months after resection. Two dogs were alive at 20 and 23 months with no recurrences at the time of follow-up. The median survival time was 15 months (range 5 to 33 months). Colorectal plasmacytomas are similar to mucocutaneous plasmacytomas, in that they tend to progress slowly and do not recur with complete excision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Kupanoff
- Laboratory of Pathology and Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in dogs. The availability of multiple treatment modalities and novel therapeutic targets make the correct diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and the identification of treatment effect predictive factors an issue of major debate in cancer management. Selection of high and low risk patients and the type of systemic or local treatment is important in cancer management. The search for better prognostic markers and predictive factors is now focused on the molecular mechanisms which underlie tumour behaviour, such as altered cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The ultimate goal is to identify reliable markers that can accurately diagnose and stage a tumour and predict tumour's clinical behaviour, prognosis and response to therapy. In this review, the current state of prognostication in canine tumours and promising new molecular markers are discussed. The markers are allocated to four groups according to their function: (i) proliferation markers, (ii) apoptosis, (iii) extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules, (iv) angiogenesis and (v) cell cycle regulators. Clinicopathological factors and histopathological grading remain the most practical parameters in decision-making. Although experimental research has shown that molecular markers have a good potential to be used as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive markers in canine tumours, insufficient evidence exists on their efficacy for routine use in veterinary oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Mukaratirwa
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, Pathology Section, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fant P, Caldin M, Furlanello T, De Lorenzi D, Bertolini G, Bettini G, Morini M, Masserdotti C. Primary gastric histiocytic sarcoma in a dog--a case report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 51:358-62. [PMID: 15533119 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A 12-year-old intact female mixed breed dog was presented for chronic, intermittent vomiting and diarrhoea. On endoscopic examination a protruding mass arising from the mucosal surface of the pyloric region was detected. Cytological and histological examination revealed an accumulation of pleomorphic round/oval phagocytic cells suggesting histiocytic origin. This was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. No extra-gastric involvement was detected on clinical examination or at necropsy. This is the first report of primary gastric histiocytic sarcoma in a dog.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Fant
- Clinica Veterinaria Privata San Marco, via Sorio 114/c, 35141 Padua, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Avery PR, Avery AC. Molecular methods to distinguish reactive and neoplastic lymphocyte expansions and their importance in transitional neoplastic states. Vet Clin Pathol 2004; 33:196-207. [PMID: 15570556 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2004.tb00374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although lymphoma and leukemia usually can be diagnosed by routine cytology and histology, some cases present a diagnostic challenge for pathologists and clinicians. Often the dilemma lies in determining whether a population of lymphocytes is reactive or neoplastic. We review currently available methods for analyzing lymphocyte populations by immunophenotyping and by identifying clonally rearranged immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes and discuss how these tests can be used to clarify such diagnostic dilemmas. We also describe the detection of chromosomal abnormalities and methods on the horizon, such as gene expression profiling, to identify diagnostically useful oncogenes. Finally, we review the emerging concept of transitional neoplastic states, in which reactive lymphocytes transform to neoplastic lymphocytes in the presence of continued antigenic stimulation, such as that caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori. The existence of transitional neoplastic states underscores the need for an array of molecular diagnostic tools that would improve our ability to characterize lymphocyte populations in human and animal patients and enhance early detection of neoplastic lymphocytes such that eradication of the infectious or inflammatory stimulus could lead to cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Greenberg MJ, Schatzberg SJ, deLahunta A, Stokol T, Summers BA. Intracerebral Plasma Cell Tumor in a Cat: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Vet Intern Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02589.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
38
|
Choi YK, Lee JY, Kim DY, Park JI, Jeong SW, Park HM, Park C. Uterine extramedullary plasmacytoma in a dog. Vet Rec 2004; 154:699-700. [PMID: 15200080 DOI: 10.1136/vr.154.22.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y K Choi
- Korea Research Institute of BioScience and Biotechnology, Daejon 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Caruso
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Majzoub M, Breuer W, Platz SJ, Linke RP, Linke W, Hermanns W. Histopathologic and immunophenotypic characterization of extramedullary plasmacytomas in nine cats. Vet Pathol 2003; 40:249-53. [PMID: 12724564 DOI: 10.1354/vp.40-3-249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the literature on the apparently rare extramedullary plasmacytoma in cats, lymphoid tumors with plasmacytic cellular morphology taken from nine cats were examined. The paraffin-embedded material was investigated by standard hematoxylin and eosin, and special staining techniques (Giemsa, Congo-red, and periodic acid-Schiff reaction). The tumors also were examined immunohistochemically for the presence of immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin light chains (lambda, kappa), various amyloid proteins, and FeLV-antigen (p27 protein). An immunoglobulin-producing tumor of plasmacellular origin (extramedullary plasmacytoma [EMP]) could be diagnosed in all cases on the basis of immunohistochemical light-chain expression. All but one of the neoplasms occurred in the skin of older, predominantly male cats. As in humans and dogs, the following types could be identified according to their morphologic features: mature type (two), cleaved type (two), asynchronous type (four), and polymorphous type (one). The tumor tissue of three cats revealed amyloid deposits, which were immunohistochemically diagnosed as ALlambda-amyloid in all three cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Majzoub
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cangul IT, Wijnen M, Van Garderen E, van den Ingh TSGAM. Clinico-pathological aspects of canine cutaneous and mucocutaneous plasmacytomas. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. A, PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, CLINICAL MEDICINE 2002; 49:307-12. [PMID: 12227474 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2002.00456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study the clinico-pathological aspects of cutaneous and mucocutaneous plasmacytomas were investigated in 63 dogs (one dog with two tumours). The tumours were most commonly observed in the skin of the trunk and legs. Yorkshire Terrier (n = 8) was the most commonly affected breed and males were affected more commonly than females (36 versus 23, respectively). Plasmacytomas were histologically classified into mature, hyaline, cleaved, asynchronous, monomorphous blastic and polymorphous blastic cell types. Monomorphous blastic cell type was the most frequent type (n = 21), followed by cleaved (n = 19) and asynchronous (n = 11) cell types. Secondary amyloid depositions were observed in eight cases. Immunohistochemical staining showed monoclonal lambda light chain positivity in all cases. In the immunohistochemical staining for cyclin D1, which is a prognostic marker in human plasma cell tumours, moderate numbers of positive tumour cells were observed in only one case of (muco)cutaneous plasmacytoma. All other cases were negative or contained few positive tumour cells. On the other hand, high numbers of tumorous plasma cells reacted positively with cyclin D1 in three out of six cases of canine multiple myelomas. Prognosis of the (muco)cutaneous plasmacytomas was good, except in one dog which developed a lymphoma afterwards. No significant correlations were observed between the cell type and the location of the tumour, presence of amyloid or prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I T Cangul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Recent years have seen an explosion in the techniques available for detailed analysis of histopathological samples allowing improvements to be made in terms of both accuracy of diagnosis and, in certain instances, providing important prognostic information. The two broad areas where most interest has focused are in the investigation of cellular proteins/protein products by immunohistochemistry and the analysis of genes and transcripts using a range of molecular techniques. The numbers of reagents available for immunohistochemical applications in veterinary species are steadily increasing although still lag significantly behind the human diagnostic field in this respect. Molecular techniques currently in use include the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridisation (ISH). More recent advances in terms of molecular analysis include the techniques of microarray, laser capture microdissection and proteomics which allow analysis of the genetic and protein repertoire of individual cell populations. This technology is extremely powerful with the potential to provide vast amounts of data. This review focuses on these techniques as they apply to the detailed analysis of tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Rhind
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cangul IT, van Garderen E, van der Linde-Sipman JS, van den Ingh TS, Schalken JA. Canine balloon and signet-ring cell melanomas: a histological and immunohistochemical characterization. J Comp Pathol 2001; 125:166-73. [PMID: 11578133 DOI: 10.1053/jcpa.2001.0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Seven tumours that were composed of balloon (n=4) or signet-ring (n=3) cells were investigated for a putative melanocytic origin. The tumours were located in the skin or the mouth cavity. In one case a sample from inguinal lymph node metastasis was available. Two antibodies used in man for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of melanomas, namely anti-Melan-A and anti-tyrosinase, were examined for their cross-reactivity with the corresponding canine antigens. The Melan-A antibody labelled all balloon cell tumours and one signet-ring cell tumour, whereas the anti-tyrosinase antibody was not reactive in any of the tumours. The Melan-A antibody also labelled a variety of canine epithelioid and spindle cell melanomas; non-melanocytic tumours were all negative. This study confirmed the occurrence of balloon and signet-ring cell melanomas in dogs. Melan-A antibody was found to be useful in the diagnosis of pigmented and non-pigmented canine melanomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I T Cangul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Madewell BR. Cellular Proliferation in Tumors: A Review of Methods, Interpretation, and Clinical Applications. J Vet Intern Med 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2001.tb02326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
45
|
Laprie C, Abadie J, Amardeilh MF, Net JL, Lagadic M, Delverdier M. MIB-1 immunoreactivity correlates with biologic behaviour in canine cutaneous melanoma. Vet Dermatol 2001; 12:139-47. [PMID: 11420929 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3164.2001.00236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The growth fraction of 68 canine cutaneous melanomas was determined by immunostaining with MIB-1, a monoclonal antibody to a Ki-67 epitope that recognizes all proliferating cells. Fifty tumours were classified histologically as benign and 18 as malignant. The Ki-67 proliferative index (percentage of positive cells over 500 neoplastic cells) was low (< 15%) in 55 cases and high (> or = 15%) in 13 cases. High Ki-67 proliferative index and histological malignancy were both associated with significantly poorer 2-year survival (P < 0.0001). However, the predictive value of the Ki-67 proliferative index (97%) was higher than the predictive value of classical histology (91%). The evaluation of the growth fraction by the Ki-67 proliferative index is highly predictive of the biological behaviour of canine cutaneous melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Laprie
- Unité d'Anatomie pathologique associée INRA sécurité alimentaire, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|