1
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Joshi H, Singh BP, Butola A, Surya V, Mishra D, Agarwal K, Mehta DS. Compact Linnik-type hyperspectral quantitative phase microscope for advanced classification of cellular components. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024:e202400088. [PMID: 38899690 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Hyperspectral quantitative phase microscopy (HS-QPM) involves the acquisition of phase images across narrow spectral bands, which enables wavelength-dependent study of different biological samples. In the present work, a compact Linnik-type HS-QPM system is developed to reduce the instability and complexity associated with conventional HS-QPM techniques. The use of a single objective lens for both reference and sample arms makes the setup compact. The capabilities of the system are demonstrated by evaluating the HS phase map of both industrial and biological specimens. Phase maps of exfoliated cheek cells at different wavelengths are stacked to form a HS phase cube, adding spectral dimensionality to spatial phase distribution. Analysis of wavelength response of different cellular components are performed using principal component analysis to identify dominant spectral features present in the HS phase dataset. Findings of the study emphasize on the efficiency and effectiveness of HS-QPM for advancing cellular characterization in biomedical research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Joshi
- Bio-photonics and Green-photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhanu Pratap Singh
- Bio-photonics and Green-photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Butola
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Varun Surya
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Dental Education & Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Deepika Mishra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Dental Education & Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Krishna Agarwal
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Dalip Singh Mehta
- Bio-photonics and Green-photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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2
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Yushkov KB, Champagne J, Kastelik JC, Makarov OY, Molchanov VY. AOTF-based hyperspectral imaging phase microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:7053-7061. [PMID: 33408979 PMCID: PMC7747922 DOI: 10.1364/boe.406155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phase imaging microscopy with incoherent object illumination is convenient and affordable for biomedical research and clinics since it provides easy integration with a variety of bright-field optical microscopes. We report the design of a new hyperspectral imaging system based on a combination of a spatial light modulator (SLM) and an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) for phase imaging microscopy. Contrast of phase-only objects originates from matched spectral and spatial filtering performed by the SLM and the AOTF located in Fourier-conjugate optical planes in the back-end of the optical system. The system is designed as an add-on to a standard optical microscope with incoherent diascopic sample illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin B. Yushkov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 4 Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - Justine Champagne
- IEMN UMR 8520, Université Polytechnique des Hauts-de-France, Campus Mont Houy, Valenciennes, 59313, France
| | - Jean-Claude Kastelik
- IEMN UMR 8520, Université Polytechnique des Hauts-de-France, Campus Mont Houy, Valenciennes, 59313, France
| | - Oleg Yu. Makarov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 4 Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - Vladimir Ya. Molchanov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 4 Leninsky prospekt, Moscow, 119049, Russia
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3
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Wang Y, Kandel ME, Fanous MJ, Hu C, Chen H, Lu X, Popescu G. Harmonically decoupled gradient light interference microscopy (HD-GLIM). OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1487-1490. [PMID: 32163998 PMCID: PMC7716386 DOI: 10.1364/ol.379732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Differential phase sensitive methods, such as Nomarski microscopy, play an important role in quantitative phase imaging due to their compatibility with partially coherent illumination and excellent optical sectioning ability. In this Letter, we propose a new system, to the best of our knowledge, to retrieve differential phase information from transparent samples. It is based on a 4f optical system with an amplitude-type spatial light modulator (SLM), which removes the need for traditional differential interference contrast (DIC) optics and specialized phase-only SLMs. We demonstrate the principle of harmonically decoupled gradient light interference microscopy using standard samples, as well as static and dynamic biospecimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mikhail E. Kandel
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Michael J. Fanous
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Chenfei Hu
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - HsuanYu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Xiaoxu Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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4
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Sun T, Zhuo Z, Zhang W, Lu P, Lu J. Quantitative phase imaging based on simple Michelson-type lateral shearing interferometry with rotational right-angle prisms. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:3459-3466. [PMID: 31044843 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.003459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
By using a kind of simple Michelson-type lateral shearing interferometry, in this paper, the precise quantitative phase measurement of transparent microscopic objects is realized successfully. For this interferometry, on the basis of the fundamental structure of the traditional Michelson interferometer, the two plane mirrors are replaced with two ordinary right-angle prisms. In the beginning, the ridges of the two right-angle prisms are set to align with the optical axis and be in the vertical direction. Subsequently, to achieve the lateral shear, one of these two right-angle prisms is rotated around its ridge. Furthermore, the goal to obtain more lateral shear can be achieved by introducing a bigger rotating angle or rotating another prism simultaneously. In addition, owing to the simple structure of the Michelson interferometer and the inexpensive optical components used, the system is compact, portable, easy to operate, and low cost. The experimental results show the practicability of this system.
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5
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Tian X, Tu X, Della Croce K, Yao G, Cai H, Brock N, Pau S, Liang R. Multi-wavelength quantitative polarization and phase microscope. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:1638-1648. [PMID: 31061760 PMCID: PMC6484989 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.001638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a snapshot multi-wavelength quantitative polarization and phase microscope (MQPPM) for measuring spectral dependent quantitative polarization and phase information. The system uniquely integrates a polarized light microscope and a snap-shot quantitative phase microscope in a single system, utilizing a novel full-Stokes camera operating in the red, green, and blue (RGB) spectrum. The linear retardance and fast axis orientation of a birefringent sample can be measured simultaneously in the visible spectra. Both theoretical analysis and experiments have been performed to demonstrate the capability of the proposed microscope. Data from liquid crystal and different biological samples are presented. We believe that MQPPM will be a useful tool in measuring quantitative polarization and phase information of live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Tian
- College of Optical Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Xingzhou Tu
- College of Optical Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Kimiko Della Croce
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Guang Yao
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Haijiang Cai
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Neal Brock
- 4D Technology Corporation, Tucson, Arizona 85706, USA
| | - Stanley Pau
- College of Optical Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Rongguang Liang
- College of Optical Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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6
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Huang C, Gu Y, Chen J, Bahrani AA, Abu Jawdeh EG, Bada HS, Saatman K, Yu G, Chen L. A Wearable Fiberless Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Cerebral Blood Flow in Mice. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2019; 25:1-9. [PMID: 31666792 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2018.2869613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Continuous and longitudinal monitoring of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in animal models provides information for studying the mechanisms and interventions of various cerebral diseases. Since anesthesia may affect brain hemodynamics, researchers have been seeking wearable devices for use in conscious animals. We present a wearable diffuse speckle contrast flowmeter (DSCF) probe for monitoring CBF variations in mice. The DSCF probe consists of a small low-power near-infrared laser diode as a point source and an ultra-small low-power CMOS camera as a 2D detector array, which can be affixed on a mouse head. The movement of red blood cells in brain cortex (i.e., CBF) produces spatial fluctuations of laser speckles, which are captured by the camera. The DSCF system was calibrated using tissue phantoms and validated in a human forearm and mouse brains for continuous monitoring of blood flow increases and decreases against the established technologies. Significant correlations were observed among these measurements (R2 ≥ 0.80, p < 10-5). This small fiberless probe has the potential to be worn by a freely moving conscious mouse. Moreover, the flexible source-detector configuration allows for varied probing depths up to ~8 mm, which is sufficient for transcranially detecting CBF in the cortices of rodents and newborn infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Ahmed A Bahrani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Elie G Abu Jawdeh
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Henrietta S Bada
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Kathryn Saatman
- Department of Physiology, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
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7
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Mehta DS. Quantitative Phase Optical Microscopic Techniques for Biomedical Imaging and Diagnostic Applications. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INDIA SECTION A-PHYSICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40010-018-0518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Machikhin A, Burmak L, Polschikova O, Ramazanova A, Pozhar V, Boritko S. Multispectral phase imaging based on acousto-optic filtration of interfering light beams [Invited]. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:C64-C69. [PMID: 29714212 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.000c64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acousto-optic spectral selection of light is an effective technique for interference imaging at multiple wavelengths. In this paper, we show that, depending on the location of the acousto-optical tunable filter relative to the interferometer, it is possible to enhance important characteristics of the whole system: spectral contrast, insensitivity to ambient light, performance stability, and measurement accuracy. We analyze theoretically and compare experimentally a quantitative phase imaging system based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with one and two acousto-optical filters located in the illumination or/and in the output channels. Visibility of the interference patterns and noise root mean square in the calculated phase maps are estimated for all cases at room temperature. It is shown that acousto-optic filtration of interfering light beams in the output channel ensures better contrast of the interference pattern and, therefore, provides better stability and higher precision of the phase measurements.
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9
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Hosseini P, Jin D, Yaqoob Z, So PTC. Single-shot dual-wavelength interferometric microscopy. Methods 2018; 136:35-39. [PMID: 29079485 PMCID: PMC5857408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferometric microscopy (IM) can provide complex field information of the biological samples with high spatial and temporal resolution with virtually no photodamage. Measuring wavelength-dependent information in particular has a wide range of applications from cell and tissue refractometry to the cellular biophysical measurements. IM measurements at multiple wavelengths are typically associated with a loss in temporal resolution, field of view, stability, sensitivity, and may involve using expensive equipment such as tunable filters or spatial light modulators. Here, we present a novel and simple design for an interferometric microscope that provides single-shot off-axis interferometric measurements at two wavelengths by encoding the two spectral images at two orthogonal spatial frequencies that allows clean separation of information in the Fourier space with no resolution loss. We demonstrated accurate simultaneous quantification of polystyrene bead refractive indices at two wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorya Hosseini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Laser Biomedical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
| | - Di Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Laser Biomedical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Zahid Yaqoob
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Peter T C So
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Laser Biomedical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
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10
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Poola PK, John R. Label-free nanoscale characterization of red blood cell structure and dynamics using single-shot transport of intensity equation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:1-7. [PMID: 28984088 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.10.106001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of characterization of red blood cell (RBC) structure and its dynamics with nanometric sensitivity using transport of intensity equation microscopy (TIEM). Conventional transport of intensity technique requires three intensity images and hence is not suitable for studying real-time dynamics of live biological samples. However, assuming the sample to be homogeneous, phase retrieval using transport of intensity equation has been demonstrated with single defocused measurement with x-rays. We adopt this technique for quantitative phase light microscopy of homogenous cells like RBCs. The main merits of this technique are its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of implementation on a conventional microscope. The phase information can be easily merged with regular bright-field and fluorescence images to provide multidimensional (three-dimensional spatial and temporal) information without any extra complexity in the setup. The phase measurement from the TIEM has been characterized using polymeric microbeads and the noise stability of the system has been analyzed. We explore the structure and real-time dynamics of RBCs and the subdomain membrane fluctuations using this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Poola
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Renu John
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kandi, Telangana, India
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11
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Tayebi B, Han JH, Sharif F, Jafarfard MR, Kim DY. Compact single-shot four-wavelength quantitative phase microscopy with polarization- and frequency-division demultiplexing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:20172-20182. [PMID: 29041701 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel single-shot four-wavelength quantitative phase microscopy (FW-QPM). Four lasers operating at different wavelengths are multiplexed with a pair of dichroic mirrors and a polarization beam splitter in a three-mirror quasi-common-path interferometer. After a single-shot interference pattern is obtained with a monochrome camera, four holograms of different wavelengths were demultiplexed from it in the frequency domain with polarization- and frequency-division multiplexing. Polarization-division demultiplexing scheme uses polarization dependent visibility changes in an interference pattern, and it plays a critical role in making only two interference patterns exist within a single quadrant in the frequency domain. We have used a single-mode optical fiber as a phase object sample and demonstrated that a measured single-shot interference pattern can be successfully demultiplexed into four different interferograms of different wavelengths with our proposed scheme.
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12
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Shan M, Kandel ME, Majeed H, Nastasa V, Popescu G. White-light diffraction phase microscopy at doubled space-bandwidth product. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:29033-29039. [PMID: 27958568 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.029033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
White light diffraction microscopy (wDPM) is a quantitative phase imaging method that benefits from both temporal and spatial phase sensitivity, granted, respectively, by the common-path geometry and white light illumination. However, like all off-axis quantitative phase imaging methods, wDPM is characterized by a reduced space-bandwidth product compared to phase shifting approaches. This happens essentially because the ultimate resolution of the image is governed by the period of the interferogram and not just the diffraction limit. As a result, off-axis techniques generates single-shot, i.e., high time-bandwidth, phase measurements, at the expense of either spatial resolution or field of view. Here, we show that combining phase-shifting and off-axis, the original space-bandwidth is preserved. Specifically, we developed phase-shifting diffraction phase microscopy with white light, in which we measure and combine two phase shifted interferograms. Due to the white light illumination, the phase images are characterized by low spatial noise, i.e., <1nm pathlength. We illustrate the operation of the instrument with test samples, blood cells, and unlabeled prostate tissue biopsy.
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13
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Nardin G, Colomb T, Emery Y, Moser C. Versatile spectral modulation of a broadband source for digital holographic microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:27791-27804. [PMID: 27906347 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.027791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the potential of spatial light modulators for the spectral control of a broadband source in digital holographic microscopy. Used in a 'pulse-shaping' geometry, the spatial light modulator provides a versatile control over the bandwidth and wavelength of the light source. The control of these properties enables adaptation to various experimental conditions. As a first application, we show that the source bandwidth can be adapted to the off-axis geometry to provide quantitative phase imaging over the whole field of view. As a second application, we generate sequences of appropriate wavelengths for a hierarchical optical phase unwrapping algorithm, which enables the measurement of the topography of high-aspect ratio structures without phase ambiguity. Examples are given with step heights up to 50 µm.
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Jung J, Kim K, Yoon J, Park Y. Hyperspectral optical diffraction tomography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:2006-12. [PMID: 26906777 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.002006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present a novel microscopic technique for measuring wavelength-dependent three-dimensional (3-D) distributions of the refractive indices (RIs) of microscopic samples in the visible wavelengths. Employing 3-D quantitative phase microscopy techniques with a wavelength-swept source, 3-D RI tomograms were obtained in the range of 450 - 700 nm with a spectral resolution of a few nanometers. The capability of the technique was demonstrated by measuring the hyperspectral 3-D RI tomograms of polystyrene beads, human red blood cells, and hepatocytes. The results demonstrate the potential for label-free molecular specific 3-D tomography of biological samples.
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15
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Desse JM, Picart P, Olchewsky F. Quantitative phase imaging in flows with high resolution holographic diffraction grating. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:23726-23737. [PMID: 26368468 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.023726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes quantitative phase imaging by using a high resolution holographic grating for generating a four-wave shearing interferogram. The high-resolution holographic grating is designed in a "kite" configuration so as to avoid parasitic mixing of diffraction orders. The selection of six diffraction orders in the Fourier spectrum of the interferogram allows reconstructing phase gradients along specific directions. The spectral analysis yields the useful parameters of the reconstruction process. The derivative axes are exactly determined whatever the experimental configurations of the holographic grating. The integration of the derivative yields the phase and the optical thickness. Demonstration of the proposed approach is carried out for the case of the analysis of the supersonic flow of a small vertical jet, 5.56mm in diameter. The experimental results compared with those obtained with digital holography exhibit a very good agreement.
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16
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Jafarfard MR, Tayebi B, Lee S, Bae YS, Kim DY. Optimum phase shift for quantitative phase microscopy in volume measurement. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2014; 31:2429-2436. [PMID: 25401354 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.31.002429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Volume measurement of a phase object is one of the most distinctive capabilities of quantitative phase microscopy (QPM). However, the accuracy of a measured volume is limited by the different noises of a measurement system and the finite bandpass filter used in the phase extraction algorithm. In this paper, we analyze the inherent errors in volume measurement with QPM and propose the optimum condition that can minimize these errors. We find that phase information of a sample in the frequency domain nonlinearly oscillates as a function of the phase shift corresponding to the sample and its medium, and that the phase information of a sample inside the bandpass filter can be maximized by a proper phase shift. Through numerical simulations and actual experiments, we demonstrate that the error in phase volume measurement can be effectively reduced by the enhancement of the phase signal inside the bandpass region using an optimum amount of phase, which can be controlled by changing either the medium index or the wavelength of illumination.
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17
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Marquet P, Depeursinge C, Magistretti PJ. Review of quantitative phase-digital holographic microscopy: promising novel imaging technique to resolve neuronal network activity and identify cellular biomarkers of psychiatric disorders. NEUROPHOTONICS 2014; 1:020901. [PMID: 26157976 PMCID: PMC4478935 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.1.2.020901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) has recently emerged as a new powerful quantitative imaging technique well suited to noninvasively explore a transparent specimen with a nanometric axial sensitivity. In this review, we expose the recent developments of quantitative phase-digital holographic microscopy (QP-DHM). Quantitative phase-digital holographic microscopy (QP-DHM) represents an important and efficient quantitative phase method to explore cell structure and dynamics. In a second part, the most relevant QPM applications in the field of cell biology are summarized. A particular emphasis is placed on the original biological information, which can be derived from the quantitative phase signal. In a third part, recent applications obtained, with QP-DHM in the field of cellular neuroscience, namely the possibility to optically resolve neuronal network activity and spine dynamics, are presented. Furthermore, potential applications of QPM related to psychiatry through the identification of new and original cell biomarkers that, when combined with a range of other biomarkers, could significantly contribute to the determination of high risk developmental trajectories for psychiatric disorders, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Marquet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Centre de Neurosciences Psychiatriques, Département de Psychiatrie, Site de Cery, Prilly/Lausanne CH-1008, Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Christian Depeursinge
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pierre J. Magistretti
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Centre de Neurosciences Psychiatriques, Département de Psychiatrie, Site de Cery, Prilly/Lausanne CH-1008, Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Jung J, Kim K, Yu H, Lee K, Lee S, Nahm S, Park H, Park Y. Biomedical applications of holographic microspectroscopy [invited]. APPLIED OPTICS 2014; 53:G111-22. [PMID: 25322118 DOI: 10.1364/ao.53.00g111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The identification and quantification of specific molecules are crucial for studying the pathophysiology of cells, tissues, and organs as well as diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Recent advances in holographic microspectroscopy, based on quantitative phase imaging or optical coherence tomography techniques, show promise for label-free noninvasive optical detection and quantification of specific molecules in living cells and tissues (e.g., hemoglobin protein). To provide important insight into the potential employment of holographic spectroscopy techniques in biological research and for related practical applications, we review the principles of holographic microspectroscopy techniques and highlight recent studies.
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Angle-resolved light scattering of individual rod-shaped bacteria based on Fourier transform light scattering. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5090. [PMID: 24867385 PMCID: PMC4035574 DOI: 10.1038/srep05090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional angle-resolved light scattering maps of individual rod-shaped bacteria are measured at the single-cell level. Using quantitative phase imaging and Fourier transform light scattering techniques, the light scattering patterns of individual bacteria in four rod-shaped species (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei, Synechococcus elongatus, and Escherichia coli) are measured with unprecedented sensitivity in a broad angular range from −70° to 70°. The measured light scattering patterns are analyzed along the two principal axes of rod-shaped bacteria in order to systematically investigate the species-specific characteristics of anisotropic light scattering. In addition, the cellular dry mass of individual bacteria is calculated and used to demonstrate that the cell-to-cell variations in light scattering within bacterial species is related to the cellular dry mass and growth.
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Kim Y, Shim H, Kim K, Park H, Heo JH, Yoon J, Choi C, Jang S, Park Y. Common-path diffraction optical tomography for investigation of three-dimensional structures and dynamics of biological cells. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:10398-407. [PMID: 24921741 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.010398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We present an optical holographic micro-tomographic technique for imaging both the three-dimensional structures and dynamics of biological cells. Optical light field images of a sample, illuminated by a plane wave with various illumination angles, are measured in a common-path interferometry, and thus both the three-dimensional refractive index tomogram and two-dimensional dynamics of live biological cells are measured with extremely high sensitivity. The applicability of the technique is demonstrated through quantitative and measurements of morphological, chemical, and mechanical parameters at the individual cell level.
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Edwards C, Bhaduri B, Nguyen T, Griffin BG, Pham H, Kim T, Popescu G, Goddard LL. Effects of spatial coherence in diffraction phase microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:5133-5146. [PMID: 24663853 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.005133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative phase imaging systems using white light illumination can exhibit lower noise figures than laser-based systems. However, they can also suffer from object-dependent artifacts, such as halos, which prevent accurate reconstruction of the surface topography. In this work, we show that white light diffraction phase microscopy using a standard halogen lamp can produce accurate height maps of even the most challenging structures provided that there is proper spatial filtering at: 1) the condenser to ensure adequate spatial coherence and 2) the output Fourier plane to produce a uniform reference beam. We explain that these object-dependent artifacts are a high-pass filtering phenomenon, establish design guidelines to reduce the artifacts, and then apply these guidelines to eliminate the halo effect. Since a spatially incoherent source requires significant spatial filtering, the irradiance is lower and proportionally longer exposure times are needed. To circumvent this tradeoff, we demonstrate that a supercontinuum laser, due to its high radiance, can provide accurate measurements with reduced exposure times, allowing for fast dynamic measurements.
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Jung J, Park Y. Spectro-angular light scattering measurements of individual microscopic objects. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:4108-4114. [PMID: 24663733 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.004108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The spectro-angular light scattering measurements of individual microscopic objects are presented. Using spectroscopic quantitative phase microscopy and Fourier transform light scattering, the 2D angle-resolved light scattering intensity and phase patterns are measured in a spectral range of 450-750 nm and an angular range of -70-70°. The spectro-angular light scattering measurements of individual polystyrene beads are demonstrated with high sensitivity and precision.
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23
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Jung JH, Jang J, Park Y. Spectro-refractometry of individual microscopic objects using swept-source quantitative phase imaging. Anal Chem 2013; 85:10519-25. [PMID: 24079982 DOI: 10.1021/ac402521u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel spectroscopic quantitative phase imaging technique with a wavelength swept-source, referred to as swept-source diffraction phase microscopy (ssDPM), for quantifying the optical dispersion of microscopic individual samples. Employing the swept-source and the principle of common-path interferometry, ssDPM measures the multispectral full-field quantitative phase imaging and spectroscopic microrefractometry of transparent microscopic samples in the visible spectrum with a wavelength range of 450-750 nm and a spectral resolution of less than 8 nm. With unprecedented precision and sensitivity, we demonstrate the quantitative spectroscopic microrefractometry of individual polystyrene beads, 30% bovine serum albumin solution, and healthy human red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hwang Jung
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
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Marquet P, Depeursinge C, Magistretti PJ. Exploring neural cell dynamics with digital holographic microscopy. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2013; 15:407-31. [PMID: 23662777 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071812-152356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize how the new concept of digital optics applied to the field of holographic microscopy has allowed the development of a reliable and flexible digital holographic quantitative phase microscopy (DH-QPM) technique at the nanoscale particularly suitable for cell imaging. Particular emphasis is placed on the original biological information provided by the quantitative phase signal. We present the most relevant DH-QPM applications in the field of cell biology, including automated cell counts, recognition, classification, three-dimensional tracking, discrimination between physiological and pathophysiological states, and the study of cell membrane fluctuations at the nanoscale. In the last part, original results show how DH-QPM can address two important issues in the field of neurobiology, namely, multiple-site optical recording of neuronal activity and noninvasive visualization of dendritic spine dynamics resulting from a full digital holographic microscopy tomographic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Marquet
- Centre de Neurosciences Psychiatriques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Département de Psychiatrie, Site de Cery, CH-1008 Prilly/Lausanne, Switzerland
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Quantitative phase imaging techniques for the study of cell pathophysiology: from principles to applications. SENSORS 2013; 13:4170-91. [PMID: 23539026 PMCID: PMC3673078 DOI: 10.3390/s130404170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A cellular-level study of the pathophysiology is crucial for understanding the mechanisms behind human diseases. Recent advances in quantitative phase imaging (QPI) techniques show promises for the cellular-level understanding of the pathophysiology of diseases. To provide important insight on how the QPI techniques potentially improve the study of cell pathophysiology, here we present the principles of QPI and highlight some of the recent applications of QPI ranging from cell homeostasis to infectious diseases and cancer.
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Bhaduri B, Wickland D, Wang R, Chan V, Bashir R, Popescu G. Cardiomyocyte imaging using real-time spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM). PLoS One 2013; 8:e56930. [PMID: 23457641 PMCID: PMC3574023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) is a highly sensitive quantitative phase imaging method, which is capable of unprecedented structure studies in biology and beyond. In addition to the π/2 shift introduced in phase contrast between the scattered and unscattered light from the sample, 4 phase shifts are generated in SLIM, by increments of π/2 using a reflective liquid crystal phase modulator (LCPM). As 4 phase shifted images are required to produce a quantitative phase image, the switching speed of the LCPM and the acquisition rate of the camera limit the acquisition rate and, thus, SLIM's applicability to highly dynamic samples. In this paper we present a fast SLIM setup which can image at a maximum rate of 50 frames per second and provide in real-time quantitative phase images at 50/4 = 12.5 frames per second. We use a fast LCPM for phase shifting and a fast scientific-grade complementary metal oxide semiconductor (sCMOS) camera (Andor) for imaging. We present the dispersion relation, i.e. decay rate vs. spatial mode, associated with dynamic beating cardiomyocyte cells from the quantitative phase images obtained with the real-time SLIM system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Bhaduri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - David Wickland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
We demonstrate a real-time blood testing system that can provide remote diagnosis with minimal human intervention in economically challenged areas. Our instrument combines novel advances in label-free optical imaging with parallel computing. Specifically, we use quantitative phase imaging for extracting red blood cell morphology with nanoscale sensitivity and NVIDIA's CUDA programming language to perform real time cellular-level analysis. While the blood smear is translated through focus, our system is able to segment and analyze all the cells in the one megapixel field of view, at a rate of 40 frames/s. The variety of diagnostic parameters measured from each cell (e.g., surface area, sphericity, and minimum cylindrical diameter) are currently not available with current state of the art clinical instruments. In addition, we show that our instrument correctly recovers the red blood cell volume distribution, as evidenced by the excellent agreement with the cell counter results obtained on normal patients and those with microcytic and macrocytic anemia. The final data outputted by our instrument represent arrays of numbers associated with these morphological parameters and not images. Thus, the memory necessary to store these data is of the order of kilobytes, which allows for their remote transmission via, for example, the cellular network. We envision that such a system will dramatically increase access for blood testing and furthermore, may pave the way to digital hematology.
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