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Sun M, Huang X, Ruan X, Shang X, Zhang M, Liu L, Wang P, An P, Lin Y, Yang J, Xue Y. Cpeb4-mediated Dclk2 promotes neuronal pyroptosis induced by chronic cerebral ischemia through phosphorylation of Ehf. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241240590. [PMID: 38513137 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241240590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) is a clinical syndrome characterised by brain dysfunction due to decreased chronic cerebral perfusion. CCI initiates several inflammatory pathways, including pyroptosis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play important roles in CCI. This study aimed to explore whether the interaction between RBP-Cpeb4 and Dclk2 affected Ehf phosphorylation to regulate neuronal pyroptosis. HT22 cells and mice were used to construct oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)/CCI models. We found that Cpeb4 and Dclk2 were upregulated in OGD-treated HT22 cells and CCI-induced hippocampal CA1 tissues. Cpeb4 upregulated Dclk2 expression by increasing Dclk2 mRNA stability. Knockdown of Cpeb4 or Dclk2 inhibited neuronal pyroptosis in OGD-treated HT22 cells and CCI-induced hippocampal CA1 tissues. By binding to the promoter regions of Caspase1 and Caspase3, the transcription factor Ehf reduced their promoter activities and inhibited the transcription. Dclk2 phosphorylated Ehf and changed its nucleoplasmic distribution, resulting in the exit of p-Ehf from the nucleus and decreased Ehf levels. It promoted the expression of Caspase1 and Caspase3 and stimulated neuronal pyroptosis of HT22 cells induced by OGD. Cpeb4/Dclk2/Ehf pathway plays an important role in the regulation of cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelei Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiuli Shang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping An
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
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2
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Adesanya O, Das D, Kalsotra A. Emerging roles of RNA-binding proteins in fatty liver disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2024; 15:e1840. [PMID: 38613185 PMCID: PMC11018357 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
A rampant and urgent global health issue of the 21st century is the emergence and progression of fatty liver disease (FLD), including alcoholic fatty liver disease and the more heterogenous metabolism-associated (or non-alcoholic) fatty liver disease (MAFLD/NAFLD) phenotypes. These conditions manifest as disease spectra, progressing from benign hepatic steatosis to symptomatic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and, ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma. With numerous intricately regulated molecular pathways implicated in its pathophysiology, recent data have emphasized the critical roles of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the onset and development of FLD. They regulate gene transcription and post-transcriptional processes, including pre-mRNA splicing, capping, and polyadenylation, as well as mature mRNA transport, stability, and translation. RBP dysfunction at every point along the mRNA life cycle has been associated with altered lipid metabolism and cellular stress response, resulting in hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the role of RBPs in the post-transcriptional processes associated with FLD and highlight the possible and emerging therapeutic strategies leveraging RBP function for FLD treatment. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diptatanu Das
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Auinash Kalsotra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Cancer Center @ Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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3
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Zhou J, Tang CK. Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Protein 1 and Atherosclerosis: Prospective Target and New Insights. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2024; 22:95-105. [PMID: 38284693 DOI: 10.2174/0115701611258090231221082502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The ribonucleic acid (RNA)-binding protein Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Protein 1 (CPEB1), a key member of the CPEB family, is essential in controlling gene expression involved in both healthy physiological and pathological processes. CPEB1 can bind to the 3'- untranslated regions (UTR) of substrate messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and regulate its translation. There is increasing evidence that CPEB1 is closely related to the pathological basis of atherosclerosis. According to recent investigations, many pathological processes, including inflammation, lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, apoptosis, and insulin resistance, are regulated by CPEB1. This review considers the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic heart disease in relation to the evolution of the physiological function of CPEB1, recent research breakthroughs, and the potential participation of CPEB1 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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4
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Ollà I, Pardiñas AF, Parras A, Hernández IH, Santos-Galindo M, Picó S, Callado LF, Elorza A, Rodríguez-López C, Fernández-Miranda G, Belloc E, Walters JTR, O'Donovan MC, Méndez R, Toma C, Meana JJ, Owen MJ, Lucas JJ. Pathogenic Mis-splicing of CPEB4 in Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:341-351. [PMID: 36958377 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) is caused by an interplay of polygenic risk and environmental factors, which may alter regulators of gene expression leading to pathogenic misexpression of SCZ risk genes. The CPEB family of RNA-binding proteins (CPEB1-4) regulates translation of target RNAs (approximately 40% of overall genes). We previously identified CPEB4 as a key dysregulated translational regulator in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) because its neuronal-specific microexon (exon 4) is mis-spliced in ASD brains, causing underexpression of numerous ASD risk genes. The genetic factors and pathogenic mechanisms shared between SCZ and ASD led us to hypothesize CPEB4 mis-splicing in SCZ leading to underexpression of multiple SCZ-related genes. METHODS We performed MAGMA-enrichment analysis on Psychiatric Genomics Consortium genome-wide association study data and analyzed RNA sequencing data from the PsychENCODE Consortium. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were performed on postmortem brain tissue, and the presence/absence of antipsychotics was assessed through toxicological analysis. Finally, mice with mild overexpression of exon 4-lacking CPEB4 (CPEB4Δ4) were generated and analyzed biochemically and behaviorally. RESULTS First, we found enrichment of SCZ-associated genes for CPEB4-binder transcripts. We also found decreased usage of CPEB4 microexon in SCZ probands, which was correlated with decreased protein levels of CPEB4-target SCZ-associated genes only in antipsychotic-free individuals. Interestingly, differentially expressed genes fit those reported for SCZ, specifically in the SCZ probands with decreased CPEB4-microexon inclusion. Finally, we demonstrated that mice with mild overexpression of CPEB4Δ4 showed decreased protein levels of CPEB4-target SCZ genes and SCZ-linked behaviors. CONCLUSIONS We identified aberrant CPEB4 splicing and downstream misexpression of SCZ risk genes as a novel etiological mechanism in SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Ollà
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio F Pardiñas
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alberto Parras
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivó H Hernández
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Santos-Galindo
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Picó
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis F Callado
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute and Networking Research Center on Mental Health (Centro de investigación Biomédica en Red | Salud Mental), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ainara Elorza
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Rodríguez-López
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernández-Miranda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Belloc
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - James T R Walters
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Raúl Méndez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de RIcerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudio Toma
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute and Networking Research Center on Mental Health (Centro de investigación Biomédica en Red | Salud Mental), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Michael J Owen
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - José J Lucas
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa," Spanish National Research Council/Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red|Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Xu J, Liu X, Wu S, Zhang D, Liu X, Xia P, Ling J, Zheng K, Xu M, Shen Y, Zhang J, Yu P. RNA-binding proteins in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD): From mechanism to therapy. Biosci Trends 2023; 17:21-37. [PMID: 36682800 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease globally and seriously increases the public health burden, affecting approximately one quarter of the world population. Recently, RNA binding proteins (RBPs)-related pathogenesis of MAFLD has received increasing attention. RBPs, vividly called the gate keepers of MAFLD, play an important role in the development of MAFLD through transcription regulation, alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation, stability and subcellular localization. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of different RBPs in the occurrence and development of MAFLD, as well as list some drugs that can improve MAFLD by targeting RBPs. Considering the important role of RBPs in the development of MAFLD, elucidating the RNA regulatory networks involved in RBPs will facilitate the design of new drugs and biomarkers discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College / The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College / The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuqin Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College / The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Medical Care Strategic Customer Department, China Merchants Bank Shenzhen Branch, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Guangdong, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College / The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College / The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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6
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Miao X, Luo Q, Zhao H, Qin X. Comparison of alternative splicing (AS) events in adipose tissue of polled dorset versus small tail han sheep. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14938. [PMID: 37095997 PMCID: PMC10121611 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the alternative splicing (AS), the exons of primary transcripts are spliced in various arrangements, resulting in structurally and functionally distinct mRNAs and proteins. This study aimed to examine genes with AS events from Small Tail Han sheep and Dorset sheep to explore the mechanism of adipose developments. Methods This study identified the genes with AS events in adipose tissues of two different sheep with next-generation sequencing. In this paper, genes with significantly different AS events were performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Results 364 genes with 411 A S events showed significant differences in adipose tissues between the two breeds; 108 genes with 120 A S events were extremely significant differences between the two breeds. We identified several novel genes that are related with adipose growth and development. The results of KEGG and GO analysis indicated that oocyte meiosis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (Wnt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, etc. Were closely related to the adipose tissue developments. Conclusions This paper revealed that the genes with AS events are important for adipose tissues in sheep, exploring the mechanisms of AS events associated with adipose tissue developments in sheep of different breeds.
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Hu Q, Mu J, Liu Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Li L, Liu D, Chen J, Zhang F, Jin L. Obesity-Induced miR-455 Upregulation Promotes Adaptive Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation Through the CPEB1/CDKN1B Pathway. Diabetes 2022; 71:394-411. [PMID: 35029277 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells adapt to compensate for increased metabolic demand during obesity. Although the miRNA pathway has an essential role in β-cell expansion, whether it is involved in adaptive proliferation is largely unknown. First, we report that EGR2 binding to the miR-455 promoter induced miR-455 upregulation in the pancreatic islets of obesity mouse models. Then, in vitro gain- or loss-of-function studies showed that miR-455 overexpression facilitated β-cell proliferation. Knockdown of miR-455 in ob/ob mice via pancreatic intraductal infusion prevented compensatory β-cell expansion. Mechanistically, our results revealed that increased miR-455 expression inhibits the expression of its target cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1), an mRNA binding protein that plays an important role in regulating insulin resistance and cell proliferation. Decreased CPEB1 expression inhibits elongation of the poly(A) tail and the subsequent translation of Cdkn1b mRNA, reducing the CDKN1B expression level and finally promoting β-cell proliferation. Taken together, our results show that the miR-455/CPEB1/CDKN1B pathway contributes to adaptive proliferation of β-cells to meet metabolic demand during obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinming Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Pancreatic Research Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sibilio A, Suñer C, Fernández-Alfara M, Martín J, Berenguer A, Calon A, Chanes V, Millanes-Romero A, Fernández-Miranda G, Batlle E, Fernández M, Méndez R. Immune translational control by CPEB4 regulates intestinal inflammation resolution and colorectal cancer development. iScience 2022; 25:103790. [PMID: 35243213 PMCID: PMC8859527 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon tissue injury, cytokine expression reprogramming transiently remodels the inflammatory immune microenvironment to activate repair processes and subsequently return to homeostasis. However, chronic inflammation induces permanent changes in cytokine production which exacerbate tissue damage and may even favor tumor development. Here, we address the contribution of post-transcriptional regulation, by the RNA-binding protein CPEB4, to intestinal immune homeostasis and its role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) development. We found that intestinal damage induces CPEB4 expression in adaptive and innate immune cells, which is required for the translation of cytokine mRNA(s) such as the one encoding interleukin-22. Accordingly, CPEB4 is required for the development of gut-associated lymphoid tissues and to maintain intestinal immune homeostasis, mediating repair and remodeling after acute inflammatory tissue damage and promoting the resolution of intestinal inflammation. CPEB4 is chronically overexpressed in inflammatory cells in patients with IBD and in CRC, favoring tumor development. CPEB4 is overexpressed in Th17 and ILC3 cells upon intestinal barrier damage CPEB4 is required for Il-22 mRNA translation and IL-22 expression CPEB4 promotes tissue repair in acute transient inflammation In chronic inflammation CPEB4 exacerbates intestinal pathology and promotes tumor growth
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Sibilio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Suñer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Fernández-Alfara
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Martín
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Berenguer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Calon
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronica Chanes
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Millanes-Romero
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernández-Miranda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Batlle
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Méndez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Balvey A, Fernandez M. Translational Control in Liver Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:795298. [PMID: 34912244 PMCID: PMC8667601 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.795298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is one of the biggest threats to public health worldwide. Worryingly, the incidence of liver disease is dramatically rising due to the aging of the population and the global epidemics of obesity. Both are major risk factors for chronic liver disease and adverse prognostic factors, causing an increase in mortality rate. It is of great concern that 80–95% of obese people have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the major precursor for liver failure and a global health challenge. Currently, the only curative treatment for advanced chronic liver disease is liver transplantation, which is, however, hampered by high treatment costs and the scarcity of donor organs. New strategies are therefore urgently needed to prevent and reverse chronic liver disease. And for that it is essential to understand better the molecular mechanisms underlying human disease. This review focuses on the abnormalities in the regulation of translation by RNA-binding proteins during chronic liver disease and their pathological impact on portal hypertension, fibrosis, steatosis, neovascularization, and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Balvey
- Laboratory of Translational Control in Liver Disease and Cancer, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernandez
- Laboratory of Translational Control in Liver Disease and Cancer, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Fassler JS, Skuodas S, Weeks DL, Phillips BT. Protein Aggregation and Disaggregation in Cells and Development. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167215. [PMID: 34450138 PMCID: PMC8530975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a feature of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. However, regulated, often reversible, formation of protein aggregates, also known as condensates, helps control a wide range of cellular activities including stress response, gene expression, memory, cell development and differentiation. This review presents examples of aggregates found in biological systems, how they are used, and cellular strategies that control aggregation and disaggregation. We include features of the aggregating proteins themselves, environmental factors, co-aggregates, post-translational modifications and well-known aggregation-directed activities that influence their formation, material state, stability and dissolution. We highlight the emerging roles of biomolecular condensates in early animal development, and disaggregation processing proteins that have recently been shown to play key roles in gametogenesis and embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan S Fassler
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
| | - Sydney Skuodas
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States. https://twitter.com/@sskuodas
| | - Daniel L Weeks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Bryan T Phillips
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States. https://twitter.com/@bt4phillips
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11
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Picó S, Parras A, Santos-Galindo M, Pose-Utrilla J, Castro M, Fraga E, Hernández IH, Elorza A, Anta H, Wang N, Martí-Sánchez L, Belloc E, Garcia-Esparcia P, Garrido JJ, Ferrer I, Macías-García D, Mir P, Artuch R, Pérez B, Hernández F, Navarro P, López-Sendón JL, Iglesias T, Yang XW, Méndez R, Lucas JJ. CPEB alteration and aberrant transcriptome-polyadenylation lead to a treatable SLC19A3 deficiency in Huntington's disease. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabe7104. [PMID: 34586830 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe7104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Picó
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Alberto Parras
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - María Santos-Galindo
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Julia Pose-Utrilla
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Margarita Castro
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), Madrid 28049, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid,28029, Spain
| | - Enrique Fraga
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Ivó H Hernández
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología (Unidad Docente Fisiología Animal), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ainara Elorza
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Héctor Anta
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Unidad Asociada I+D+i IMIM-IIBB (CSIC), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laura Martí-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid,28029, Spain.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona 08950, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Belloc
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Paula Garcia-Esparcia
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Institute of Neuropathology, IDIBELL-University Hospital Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Juan J Garrido
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal (CSIC), Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Institute of Neuropathology, IDIBELL-University Hospital Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Daniel Macías-García
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid,28029, Spain.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona 08950, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), Madrid 28049, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid,28029, Spain
| | - Félix Hernández
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Pilar Navarro
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Unidad Asociada I+D+i IMIM-IIBB (CSIC), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - José Luis López-Sendón
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Teresa Iglesias
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Raúl Méndez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - José J Lucas
- Center for Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, 28049, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28031, Spain
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12
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He T, Zhang X, Hao J, Ding S. Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog in Non-neoplastic Digestive Disease: More Than Just Tumor Suppressor. Front Physiol 2021; 12:684529. [PMID: 34140896 PMCID: PMC8204087 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.684529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes, which acts through its unique protein phosphatase and lipid phosphatase activity. PTEN protein is widely distributed and exhibits complex biological functions and regulatory modes. It is involved in the regulation of cell morphology, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration through a variety of signaling pathways. The role of PTEN in malignant tumors of the digestive system is well documented. Recent studies have indicated that PTEN may be closely related to many other benign processes in digestive organs. Emerging evidence suggests that PTEN is a potential therapeutic target in the context of several non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract. The recent discovery of PTEN isoforms is expected to help unravel more biological effects of PTEN in non-neoplastic digestive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Sellars E, Gabra M, Salmena L. The Complex Landscape of PTEN mRNA Regulation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a036236. [PMID: 31871240 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a key tumor suppressor in the development and progression of different tumor types. Emerging data indicate that small reductions in PTEN protein levels can promote cancer. PTEN protein levels are tightly controlled by a plethora of mechanisms beginning with epigenetic and transcriptional regulation and ending with control of protein synthesis and stability. PTEN messenger RNA (mRNA) is also subject to exquisite regulation by microRNAs, coding and long noncoding RNAs, and RNA-binding proteins. Additionally, PTEN mRNA is markedly influenced by alternative splicing and variable polyadenylation. Herein we provide a synoptic description of the current understanding of the complex regulatory landscape of PTEN mRNA regulation including several specific processes that modulate its stability and expression, in the context of PTEN loss-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Sellars
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Martino Gabra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Leonardo Salmena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
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14
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Cui HS, Joo SY, Cho YS, Kim JB, Seo CH. CPEB1 or CPEB4 knockdown suppresses the TAK1 and Smad signalings in THP-1 macrophage-like cells and dermal fibroblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 683:108322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Jin X, Gao J, Zheng R, Yu M, Ren Y, Yan T, Huang Y, Li Y. Antagonizing circRNA_002581-miR-122-CPEB1 axis alleviates NASH through restoring PTEN-AMPK-mTOR pathway regulated autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:123. [PMID: 32054840 PMCID: PMC7018772 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to play critical roles in cancer biology, but their functions in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remain unexplored. Full length of circRNA_002581 was amplified and sequenced, followed by RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA-Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization and dual luciferase reporter gene analysis to confirm the existence of the circRNA_002581–miR-122–CPEB1 regulatory axis in vitro. CircRNA_002581 knockdown was used to study its roles in high concentration of free fatty acids-induced NASH-like cell model and a methionine and choline deficiency (MCD) diet-induced NASH mice model. Autophagy flux and related potential PTEN–AMPK–mTOR pathway were tested by western blot. CircRNA_002581 overexpression significantly relieved the inhibitory role of miR-122 on its target CPEB1 by sponging miR-122. CircRNA_002581 knockdown markedly attenuated lipid droplet accumulation, reduced the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), pro-inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, H2O2, and increased ATP level in both mice and cellular models of NASH. Mechanistically, circRNA_002581 interference significantly rescue the defective autophagy evidenced by increased autophagosome number, upregulated LC3-II/I level, and decreased p62 level. Further chloroquine-mediated total autophagy inhibition antagonizes the protective effect of circRNA_002581 knockdown. Finally, CPEB1–PTEN–AMPK–mTOR pathway is shown to link the autophagy and circRNA_002581 knockdown-mediated NASH alleviation. CircRNA_002581–miR-122–CPEB1 axis actively participates in the pathogenesis of NASH through PTEN–AMPK–mTOR pathway-related autophagy suppression. Targeting circRNA_002581 is a potential therapeutic strategy for NASH through partial autophagy restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruoheng Zheng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, 310053, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mosang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Ren
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianlian Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
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16
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Olesnicky EC, Killian DJ. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein (CPEB), Orb, is important for dendrite development and neuron fate specification in Drosophila melanogaster. Gene 2020; 738:144473. [PMID: 32057929 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins (CPEBs) are widely conserved proteins that regulate the length of poly(A) tails in the cytoplasm, regulate translation, and regulate mRNA transport. While CPEBs are best known for regulating maternal messages in oocytes, CPEBs also have roles in many other cell types including neurons. Here we extend our knowledge of the roles of CPEBs in neurons by showing that the Drosophila CPEB-encoding gene, orb, is required for proper dendrite development in larval sensory dendritic arborization neurons. Furthermore, we provide evidence that orb is important for neuron cell fate specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia C Olesnicky
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, United States.
| | - Darrell J Killian
- Department of Molecular Biology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO 80903, United States
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17
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Cataloguing and Selection of mRNAs Localized to Dendrites in Neurons and Regulated by RNA-Binding Proteins in RNA Granules. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020167. [PMID: 31978946 PMCID: PMC7072219 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal translational regulation plays a key role in determining cell fate and function. Specifically, in neurons, local translation in dendrites is essential for synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation. To achieve local translation, RNA-binding proteins in RNA granules regulate target mRNA stability, localization, and translation. To date, mRNAs localized to dendrites have been identified by comprehensive analyses. In addition, mRNAs associated with and regulated by RNA-binding proteins have been identified using various methods in many studies. However, the results obtained from these numerous studies have not been compiled together. In this review, we have catalogued mRNAs that are localized to dendrites and are associated with and regulated by the RNA-binding proteins fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), RNA granule protein 105 (RNG105, also known as Caprin1), Ras-GAP SH3 domain binding protein (G3BP), cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1), and staufen double-stranded RNA binding proteins 1 and 2 (Stau1 and Stau2) in RNA granules. This review provides comprehensive information on dendritic mRNAs, the neuronal functions of mRNA-encoded proteins, the association of dendritic mRNAs with RNA-binding proteins in RNA granules, and the effects of RNA-binding proteins on mRNA regulation. These findings provide insights into the mechanistic basis of protein-synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity and memory formation and contribute to future efforts to understand the physiological implications of local regulation of dendritic mRNAs in neurons.
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18
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Mubaid S, Ma JF, Omer A, Ashour K, Lian XJ, Sanchez BJ, Robinson S, Cammas A, Dormoy-Raclet V, Di Marco S, Chittur SV, Tenenbaum SA, Gallouzi IE. HuR counteracts miR-330 to promote STAT3 translation during inflammation-induced muscle wasting. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:17261-17270. [PMID: 31405989 PMCID: PMC6717253 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905172116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Debilitating cancer-induced muscle wasting, a syndrome known as cachexia, is lethal. Here we report a posttranscriptional pathway involving the RNA-binding protein HuR as a key player in the onset of this syndrome. Under these conditions, HuR switches its function from a promoter of muscle fiber formation to become an inducer of muscle loss. HuR binds to the STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) mRNA, which encodes one of the main effectors of this condition, promoting its expression both in vitro and in vivo. While HuR does not affect the stability and the cellular movement of this transcript, HuR promotes the translation of the STAT3 mRNA by preventing miR-330 (microRNA 330)-mediated translation inhibition. To achieve this effect, HuR directly binds to a U-rich element in the STAT3 mRNA-3'untranslated region (UTR) located within the vicinity of the miR-330 seed element. Even though the binding sites of HuR and miR-330 do not overlap, the recruitment of either one of them to the STAT3-3'UTR negatively impacts the binding and the function of the other factor. Therefore, together, our data establish the competitive interplay between HuR and miR-330 as a mechanism via which muscle fibers modulate, in part, STAT3 expression to determine their fate in response to promoters of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Mubaid
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jennifer F Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Amr Omer
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Kholoud Ashour
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Xian J Lian
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Brenda J Sanchez
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Samantha Robinson
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Anne Cammas
- Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31330 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "TOUCAN," 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Dormoy-Raclet
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Sergio Di Marco
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Sridar V Chittur
- College of Nanoscale Sciences, State University of New York (SUNY) Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203
- College of Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203
| | - Scott A Tenenbaum
- College of Nanoscale Sciences, State University of New York (SUNY) Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203
- College of Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203
| | - Imed-Eddine Gallouzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada;
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19
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Li L, Lan J, Ye Y, Yang B, Yang X, Cai Z. CPEB1 Expression Correlates with Severity of Posttraumatic Ankle Osteoarthritis and Aggravates Catabolic Effect of IL-1β on Chondrocytes. Inflammation 2019; 42:628-636. [PMID: 30411210 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Most cases of posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis (PTAOA) represent a sequela of ankle fractures. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1 (CPEB1) is an RNA binding protein that controls protein expression. Here, we report the previously unappreciated association of CPEB1 with PTAOA. We found that CPEB1 was upregulated in articular cartilage from patients with PTAOA. Additionally, its expression level positively correlated with disease severity. In human primary chondrocytes cultured in vitro, CPEB1 was upregulated when treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e., IL-1β and TNF-α, suggesting that the observed CPEB1 upregulation in articular cartilage of PTAOA patients may be attributed to local inflammatory milieu. Functionally, CPEB1 overexpression aggravated the catabolic effect of IL-1β on chondrocytes in vitro, and vice versa, its knockdown reduced this effect, together implying a detrimental role of CPEB1 involved in OA progression. In sum, our study identifies CPEB1 as a potential regulator of disease progression of PTAOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiaping Lan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongjie Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Kunming General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Trauma Orthopedic Institute of Chinese PLA, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhijun Cai
- Kunming General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Trauma Orthopedic Institute of Chinese PLA, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
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20
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Kwon J, Park S, Seong MJ, Choi I, Kim NH. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 2 (CPEB2) is required for tight-junction assembly for establishment of porcine trophectoderm epithelium. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:412-419. [DOI: 10.1071/rd18098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein (CPEB) is an RNA-binding protein that promotes elongation of poly(A) tails and regulates mRNA translation. CPEB depletion in mammary epithelium is known to disrupt tight-junction (TJ) assembly via mislocalisation of tight junction protein 1 (TJP1), but the role of CPEB in the biological functions associated with TJs has not yet been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the roles of CPEB2 during porcine parthenote development. CPEB2 was detected in both the nuclei and apical cytoplasm at the 4- and 8-cell stages and was localised to cell–cell contact after the initiation of the morula stage. Its depletion led to retarded blastocyst formation caused by impaired TJ assembly. Moreover, transcription of TJ-associated genes, including TJP1, Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR) and occludin (OCLN), was not affected, but the corresponding proteins were not properly localised at the apical cell membrane in morulae, suggesting that CPEB2 confers mRNA stability or determines subcellular localisation for translation. Remarkably reduced relative levels of TJP1 transcripts bearing the 3′-untranslated region were noted, indicating that CPEB2 mediates TJP1 mRNA stability. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that because of its regulation of TJP1, CPEB2 is required for TJ assembly during porcine blastocyst development.
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Trizzino M, Kapusta A, Brown CD. Transposable elements generate regulatory novelty in a tissue-specific fashion. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:468. [PMID: 29914366 PMCID: PMC6006921 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transposable elements (TE) are an important source of evolutionary novelty in gene regulation. However, the mechanisms by which TEs contribute to gene expression are largely uncharacterized. RESULTS Here, we leverage Roadmap and GTEx data to investigate the association of TEs with active and repressed chromatin in 24 tissues. We find 112 human TE families enriched in active regions of the genome across tissues. Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs) and DNA transposons are the most frequently enriched classes, while Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons (LTRs) are often enriched in a tissue-specific manner. We report across-tissue variability in TE enrichment in active regions. Genes with consistent expression across tissues are less likely to be associated with TE insertions. TE presence in repressed regions similarly follows tissue-specific patterns. Moreover, different TE classes correlate with different repressive marks: LTRs and Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINEs) are overrepresented in regions marked by H3K9me3, while the other TEs are more likely to overlap regions with H3K27me3. Young TEs are typically enriched in repressed regions and depleted in active regions. We detect multiple instances of TEs that are enriched in tissue-specific active regulatory regions. Such TEs contain binding sites for transcription factors that are master regulators for the given tissue. These TEs are enriched in intronic enhancers, and their tissue-specific enrichment correlates with tissue-specific variations in the expression of the nearest genes. CONCLUSIONS We provide an integrated overview of the contribution of TEs to human gene regulation. Expanding previous analyses, we demonstrate that TEs can potentially contribute to the turnover of regulatory sequences in a tissue-specific fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trizzino
- Gene Expression and Regulation Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Aurélie Kapusta
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,USTAR, Center for Genetic Discovery, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Christopher D Brown
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Jin X, Feng CY, Xiang Z, Chen YP, Li YM. CircRNA expression pattern and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66455-66467. [PMID: 27677588 PMCID: PMC5341813 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is still unclear, where involvement of circRNA is considered for its active role as “miRNA sponge”. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the circRNA expression pattern in NASH and further construct the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network for in-depth mechanism exploration. Briefly, NASH mice model was established by Methionine and choline deficiency (MCD) diet feeding. Liver circRNA and mRNA profile was initially screened by microarray and ensuing qRT-PCR verification was carried out. The overlapped predicted miRNAs as downstream targets of circRNAs and upstream regulators of mRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR and final circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis were further applied to enrich the huge mRNA microarray data. To sum up, there were 69 up and 63 down regulated circRNAs as well as 2760 up and 2465 down regulated mRNAs in NASH group, comparing with control group. Randomly selected 13 of 14 mRNAs and 2 of 8 circRNAs were successfully verified by qRT-PCR. Through predicted overlapped miRNA verification, four circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pathways were constructed, including circRNA_002581-miR-122-Slc1a5, circRNA_002581- miR-122-Plp2, circRNA_002581-miR-122-Cpeb1 and circRNA_007585-miR-326- UCP2. GO and KEGG pathway analysis also enriched specific mRNAs. Therefore, circRNA profile may serve as candidate for NASH diagnosis and circRNA-miRNA -mRNA pathway may provide novel mechanism for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun-Yan Feng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zun Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Peng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - You-Ming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Shin J, Paek KY, Ivshina M, Stackpole EE, Richter JD. Essential role for non-canonical poly(A) polymerase GLD4 in cytoplasmic polyadenylation and carbohydrate metabolism. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:6793-6804. [PMID: 28383716 PMCID: PMC5499868 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of gene expression at the level of cytoplasmic polyadenylation is important for many biological phenomena including cell cycle progression, mitochondrial respiration, and learning and memory. GLD4 is one of the non-canonical poly(A) polymerases that regulates cytoplasmic polyadenylation-induced translation, but its target mRNAs and role in cellular physiology is not well known. To assess the full panoply of mRNAs whose polyadenylation is controlled by GLD4, we performed an unbiased whole genome-wide screen using poy(U) chromatography and thermal elution. We identified hundreds of mRNAs regulated by GLD4, several of which are involved in carbohydrate metabolism including GLUT1, a major glucose transporter. Depletion of GLD4 not only reduced GLUT1 poly(A) tail length, but also GLUT1 protein. GLD4-mediated translational control of GLUT1 mRNA is dependent of an RNA binding protein, CPEB1, and its binding elements in the 3΄ UTR. Through regulating GLUT1 level, GLD4 affects glucose uptake into cells and lactate levels. Moreover, GLD4 depletion impairs glucose deprivation-induced GLUT1 up-regulation. In addition, we found that GLD4 affects glucose-dependent cellular phenotypes such as migration and invasion in glioblastoma cells. Our observations delineate a novel post-transcriptional regulatory network involving carbohydrate metabolism and glucose homeostasis mediated by GLD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihae Shin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ki Young Paek
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Maria Ivshina
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Emily E Stackpole
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Joel D Richter
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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24
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Lasko P. Dueling RNA-binding proteins promote translational activation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2017; 24:609-610. [PMID: 28771463 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lasko
- Department of Biology at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Circadian- and UPR-dependent control of CPEB4 mediates a translational response to counteract hepatic steatosis under ER stress. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:94-105. [PMID: 28092655 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding (CPEB) proteins regulate pre-mRNA processing and translation of CPE-containing mRNAs in early embryonic development and synaptic activity. However, specific functions in adult organisms are poorly understood. Here we show that CPEB4 is required for adaptation to high-fat-diet- and ageing-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and subsequent hepatosteatosis. Stress-activated liver CPEB4 expression is dual-mode regulated. First, Cpeb4 mRNA transcription is controlled by the circadian clock, and then its translation is regulated by the unfolded protein response (UPR) through upstream open reading frames within the 5'UTR. Thus, the CPEB4 protein is synthesized only following ER stress but the induction amplitude is circadian. In turn, CPEB4 activates a second wave of UPR translation required to maintain ER and mitochondrial homeostasis. Our results suggest that combined transcriptional and translational Cpeb4 regulation generates a 'circadian mediator', which coordinates hepatic UPR activity with periods of high ER-protein-folding demand. Accordingly, CPEB4 deficiency results in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Intersections of post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanisms with intermediary metabolism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2017; 1860:349-362. [PMID: 28088440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intermediary metabolism studies have typically concentrated on four major regulatory mechanisms-substrate availability, allosteric enzyme regulation, post-translational enzyme modification, and regulated enzyme synthesis. Although transcriptional control has been a big focus, it is becoming increasingly evident that many post-transcriptional events are deeply embedded within the core regulatory circuits of enzyme synthesis/breakdown that maintain metabolic homeostasis. The prominent post-transcriptional mechanisms affecting intermediary metabolism include alternative pre-mRNA processing, mRNA stability and translation control, and the more recently discovered regulation by noncoding RNAs. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in our understanding of these diverse mechanisms at the cell-, tissue- and organismal-level. We also highlight the dynamics, complexity and non-linear nature of their regulatory roles in metabolic decision making, and deliberate some of the outstanding questions and challenges in this rapidly expanding field.
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Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a key catabolic process, essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival through the removal and recycling of unwanted cellular material. Emerging evidence has revealed intricate connections between the RNA and autophagy research fields. While a majority of studies have focused on protein, lipid and carbohydrate catabolism via autophagy, accumulating data supports the view that several types of RNA and associated ribonucleoprotein complexes are specifically recruited to phagophores (precursors to autophagosomes) and subsequently degraded in the lysosome/vacuole. Moreover, recent studies have revealed a substantial number of novel autophagy regulators with RNA-related functions, indicating roles for RNA and associated proteins not only as cargo, but also as regulators of this process. In this review, we discuss widespread evidence of RNA catabolism via autophagy in yeast, plants and animals, reviewing the molecular mechanisms and biological importance in normal physiology, stress and disease. In addition, we explore emerging evidence of core autophagy regulation mediated by RNA-binding proteins and noncoding RNAs, and point to gaps in our current knowledge of the connection between RNA and autophagy. Finally, we discuss the pathological implications of RNA-protein aggregation, primarily in the context of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa B Frankel
- a Biotech Research and Innovation Centre , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Michal Lubas
- a Biotech Research and Innovation Centre , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anders H Lund
- a Biotech Research and Innovation Centre , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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28
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Calderone V, Gallego J, Fernandez-Miranda G, Garcia-Pras E, Maillo C, Berzigotti A, Mejias M, Bava FA, Angulo-Urarte A, Graupera M, Navarro P, Bosch J, Fernandez M, Mendez R. Sequential Functions of CPEB1 and CPEB4 Regulate Pathologic Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Angiogenesis in Chronic Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2016; 150:982-97.e30. [PMID: 26627607 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates angiogenesis, yet therapeutic strategies to disrupt VEGF signaling can interfere with physiologic angiogenesis. In a search for ways to inhibit pathologic production or activities of VEGF without affecting its normal production or functions, we investigated the post-transcriptional regulation of VEGF by the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding proteins CPEB1 and CPEB4 during development of portal hypertension and liver disease. METHODS We obtained transjugular liver biopsies from patients with hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis or liver tissues removed during transplantation; healthy human liver tissue was obtained from a commercial source (control). We also performed experiments with male Sprague-Dawley rats and CPEB-deficient mice (C57BL6 or mixed C57BL6/129 background) and their wild-type littermates. Secondary biliary cirrhosis was induced in rats by bile duct ligation, and portal hypertension was induced by partial portal vein ligation. Liver and mesenteric tissues were collected and analyzed in angiogenesis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, polyA tail, 3' rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends, Southern blot, immunoblot, histologic, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, and confocal microscopy assays. CPEB was knocked down with small interfering RNAs in H5V endothelial cells, and translation of luciferase reporters constructs was assessed. RESULTS Activation of CPEB1 promoted alternative nuclear processing within noncoding 3'-untranslated regions of VEGF and CPEB4 messenger RNAs in H5V cells, resulting in deletion of translation repressor elements. The subsequent overexpression of CPEB4 promoted cytoplasmic polyadenylation of VEGF messenger RNA, increasing its translation; the high levels of VEGF produced by these cells led to their formation of tubular structures in Matrigel assays. We observed increased levels of CPEB1 and CPEB4 in cirrhotic liver tissues from patients, compared with control tissue, as well as in livers and mesenteries of rats and mice with cirrhosis or/and portal hypertension. Mice with knockdown of CPEB1 or CPEB4 did not overexpress VEGF or have signs of mesenteric neovascularization, and developed less-severe forms of portal hypertension after portal vein ligation. CONCLUSIONS We identified a mechanism of VEGF overexpression in liver and mesentery that promotes pathologic, but not physiologic, angiogenesis, via sequential and nonredundant functions of CPEB1 and CPEB4. Regulation of CPEB4 by CPEB1 and the CPEB4 autoamplification loop induces pathologic angiogenesis. Strategies to block the activities of CPEBs might be developed to treat chronic liver and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Calderone
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gallego
- Program of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernandez-Miranda
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Garcia-Pras
- Program of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Maillo
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Program of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Mejias
- Program of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felice-Alessio Bava
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Angulo-Urarte
- Program of Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Program of Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Navarro
- Program of Cancer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Bosch
- Program of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernandez
- Program of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Raul Mendez
- Program of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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29
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Rojas-Ríos P, Chartier A, Pierson S, Séverac D, Dantec C, Busseau I, Simonelig M. Translational Control of Autophagy by Orb in the Drosophila Germline. Dev Cell 2015; 35:622-631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Nagaoka K, Fujii K, Zhang H, Usuda K, Watanabe G, Ivshina M, Richter JD. CPEB1 mediates epithelial-to-mesenchyme transition and breast cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2015; 35:2893-901. [PMID: 26411364 PMCID: PMC4809797 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In mouse mammary epithelial cells, CPEB1 mediates the apical localization of ZO-1 mRNA, which encodes a critical tight junction component. In mice lacking CPEB1 and in cultured cells from which CPEB has been depleted, randomly distributed ZO-1 mRNA leads to the loss of cell polarity. We have investigated whether this diminution of polarity results in an epithelial-to-mesenchyme (EMT) transition and possible increased metastatic potential. Here, we show that CPEB1-depleted mammary epithelial cells alter their gene expression profile in a manner consistent with an EMT and also become motile, which are made particularly robust when cells are treated with TGF-β, an enhancer of EMT. CPEB1-depleted mammary cells become metastatic to the lung following injection into mouse fat pads while ectopically-expressed CPEB1 prevents metastasis. Surprisingly, CPEB1 depletion causes some EMT/metastasis-related mRNAs to have shorter poly(A) tails while other mRNAs to have longer poly(A) tails. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) mRNA, which encodes a metastasis-promoting factor, undergoes poly(A) lengthening and enhanced translation upon CPEB reduction. Moreover, in human breast cancer cells that become progressively more metastatic, CPEB1 is reduced while MMP9 becomes more abundant. These data suggest that at least in part, CPEB1 regulation of MMP9 mRNA expression mediates metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Fujii
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Zhang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Usuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ivshina
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - J D Richter
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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CPEB regulation of TAK1 synthesis mediates cytokine production and the inflammatory immune response. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 35:610-8. [PMID: 25452303 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00800-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoplasmic-element-binding (CPEB) protein is a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that regulates cytoplasmic polyadenylation-induced translation. In mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking CPEB, many mRNAs encoding proteins involved in inflammation are misregulated. Correlated with this aberrant translation in MEFs, a macrophage cell line depleted of CPEB and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate the inflammatory immune response expresses high levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is due to prolonged nuclear retention of NF-κB. Two proteins involved in NF-κB nuclear localization and IL-6 expression, IκBα and transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), are present at excessively low and high steady-state levels, respectively, in LPS-treated CPEB-depleted macrophages. However, only TAK1 has an altered synthesis rate that is CPEB dependent and CPEB/TAK1 double depletion alleviates high IL-6 production. Peritoneal macrophages isolated from CPEB knockout (KO) mice treated with LPS in vitro also have prolonged NF-κB nuclear retention and produce high IL-6 levels. LPS-injected CPEB KO mice secrete prodigious amounts of IL-6 and other proinflammatory cytokines and exhibit hypersensitivity to endotoxic shock; these effects are mitigated when the animals are also injected with (5Z)-7-oxozeaenol, a potent and specific inhibitor of TAK1. These data show that CPEB control of TAK1 mRNA translation mediates the inflammatory immune response.
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Wurth L, Gebauer F. RNA-binding proteins, multifaceted translational regulators in cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1849:881-6. [PMID: 25316157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) orchestrate transcript fate and function. Even though alterations in post-transcriptional events contribute to key steps of tumor initiation and progression, RBP-mediated control has remained relatively unexplored in cancer. Here, we discuss examples of this promising field focusing on translation regulation, and highlight the variety of molecular mechanisms by which RBPs impinge on translation with consequences for tumorigenesis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translation and Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Wurth
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fátima Gebauer
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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Afroz T, Skrisovska L, Belloc E, Guillén-Boixet J, Méndez R, Allain FHT. A fly trap mechanism provides sequence-specific RNA recognition by CPEB proteins. Genes Dev 2014; 28:1498-514. [PMID: 24990967 PMCID: PMC4083092 DOI: 10.1101/gad.241133.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
How CPEB RNA-binding proteins regulate cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translation is poorly understood. Allain and colleagues report the structures of the tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) of two human paralogs (CPEB1 and CPEB4) in their free and RNA-bound states. Structural and functional studies reveal how RNA binding by CPEB proteins leads to an optimal positioning of the N-terminal and zinc-binding domains at the 3′ UTR, which favors the nucleation of ribonucleoprotein complexes for translation regulation. This study provides the molecular basis for the translational regulatory circuit established by CPEB proteins. Cytoplasmic changes in polyA tail length is a key mechanism of translational control and is implicated in germline development, synaptic plasticity, cellular proliferation, senescence, and cancer progression. The presence of a U-rich cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) in the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of the responding mRNAs gives them the selectivity to be regulated by the CPE-binding (CPEB) family of proteins, which recognizes RNA via the tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs). Here we report the solution structures of the tandem RRMs of two human paralogs (CPEB1 and CPEB4) in their free and RNA-bound states. The structures reveal an unprecedented arrangement of RRMs in the free state that undergo an original closure motion upon RNA binding that ensures high fidelity. Structural and functional characterization of the ZZ domain (zinc-binding domain) of CPEB1 suggests a role in both protein–protein and protein–RNA interactions. Together with functional studies, the structures reveal how RNA binding by CPEB proteins leads to an optimal positioning of the N-terminal and ZZ domains at the 3′ UTR, which favors the nucleation of the functional ribonucleoprotein complexes for translation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Afroz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lenka Skrisovska
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eulàlia Belloc
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Méndez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frédéric H-T Allain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Inflammatory stress increases hepatic CD36 translational efficiency via activation of the mTOR signalling pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103071. [PMID: 25048611 PMCID: PMC4105654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory stress is an independent risk factor for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although CD36 is known to facilitate long-chain fatty acid uptake and contributes to NAFLD progression, the mechanisms that link inflammatory stress to hepatic CD36 expression and steatosis remain unclear. As the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is involved in CD36 translational activation, this study was undertaken to investigate whether inflammatory stress enhances hepatic CD36 expression via mTOR signalling pathway and the underlying mechanisms. To induce inflammatory stress, we used tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) stimulation of the human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells in vitro and casein injection in C57BL/6J mice in vivo. The data showed that inflammatory stress increased hepatic CD36 protein levels but had no effect on mRNA expression. A protein degradation assay revealed that CD36 protein stability was not different between HepG2 cells treated with or without TNF-α or IL-6. A polysomal analysis indicated that CD36 translational efficiency was significantly increased by inflammatory stress. Additionally, inflammatory stress enhanced the phosphorylation of mTOR and its downstream translational regulators including p70S6K, 4E-BP1 and eIF4E. Rapamycin, an mTOR-specific inhibitor, reduced the phosphorylation of mTOR signalling pathway and decreased the CD36 translational efficiency and protein level even under inflammatory stress resulting in the alleviation of inflammatory stress-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. This study demonstrates that the activation of the mTOR signalling pathway increases hepatic CD36 translational efficiency, resulting in increased CD36 protein expression under inflammatory stress.
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35
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Ivshina M, Lasko P, Richter JD. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins in development, health, and disease. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2014; 30:393-415. [PMID: 25068488 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding (CPEB) proteins are sequence-specific mRNA binding proteins that control translation in development, health, and disease. CPEB1, the founding member of this family, has become an important model for illustrating general principles of translational control by cytoplasmic polyadenylation in gametogenesis, cancer etiology, synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Although the biological functions of the other members of this protein family in vertebrates are just beginning to emerge, it is already evident that they, too, mediate important processes, such as cancer etiology and higher cognitive function. In Drosophila, the CPEB proteins Orb and Orb2 play key roles in oogenesis and in neuronal function, as do related proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans and Aplysia. We review the biochemical features of the CPEB proteins, discuss their activities in several biological systems, and illustrate how understanding CPEB activity in model organisms has an important impact on neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ivshina
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605;
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Rutledge CE, Lau HT, Mangan H, Hardy LL, Sunnotel O, Guo F, MacNicol AM, Walsh CP, Lees-Murdock DJ. Efficient translation of Dnmt1 requires cytoplasmic polyadenylation and Musashi binding elements. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88385. [PMID: 24586322 PMCID: PMC3930535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of DNMT1 is critical for epigenetic control of many genes and for genome stability. Using phylogenetic analysis we characterized a block of 27 nucleotides in the 3′UTR of Dnmt1 mRNA identical between humans and Xenopus and investigated the role of the individual elements contained within it. This region contains a cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) and a Musashi binding element (MBE), with CPE binding protein 1 (CPEB1) known to bind to the former in mouse oocytes. The presence of these elements usually indicates translational control by elongation and shortening of the poly(A) tail in the cytoplasm of the oocyte and in some somatic cell types. We demonstrate for the first time cytoplasmic polyadenylation of Dnmt1 during periods of oocyte growth in mouse and during oocyte activation in Xenopus. Furthermore we show by RNA immunoprecipitation that Musashi1 (MSI1) binds to the MBE and that this element is required for polyadenylation in oocytes. As well as a role in oocytes, site-directed mutagenesis and reporter assays confirm that mutation of either the MBE or CPE reduce DNMT1 translation in somatic cells, but likely act in the same pathway: deletion of the whole conserved region has more severe effects on translation in both ES and differentiated cells. In adult cells lacking MSI1 there is a greater dependency on the CPE, with depletion of CPEB1 or CPEB4 by RNAi resulting in substantially reduced levels of endogenous DNMT1 protein and concurrent upregulation of the well characterised CPEB target mRNA cyclin B1. Our findings demonstrate that CPE- and MBE-mediated translation regulate DNMT1 expression, representing a novel mechanism of post-transcriptional control for this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Rutledge
- Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, North Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ho-Tak Lau
- Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, North Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel Mangan
- Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, North Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Linda L. Hardy
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Olaf Sunnotel
- Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, North Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Fan Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Angus M. MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Colum P. Walsh
- Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, North Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Diane J. Lees-Murdock
- Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, North Ireland, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Cheng KC, Asakawa A, Li YX, Chung HH, Amitani H, Ueki T, Cheng JT, Inui A. Silymarin induces insulin resistance through an increase of phosphatase and tensin homolog in Wistar rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84550. [PMID: 24404172 PMCID: PMC3880317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a phosphoinositide phosphatase that regulates crucial cellular functions, including insulin signaling, lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as survival and apoptosis. Silymarin is the active ingredient in milk thistle and exerts numerous effects through the activation of PTEN. However, the effect of silymarin on the development of insulin resistance remains unknown. METHODS Wistar rats fed fructose-rich chow or normal chow were administered oral silymarin to identify the development of insulin resistance using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemic- euglycemic clamping. Changes in PTEN expression in skeletal muscle and liver were compared using western blotting analysis. Further investigation was performed in L6 cells to check the expression of PTEN and insulin-related signals. PTEN deletion in L6 cells was achieved by small interfering ribonucleic acid transfection. RESULTS Oral administration of silymarin at a dose of 200 mg/kg once daily induced insulin resistance in normal rats and enhanced insulin resistance in fructose-rich chow-fed rats. An increase of PTEN expression was observed in the skeletal muscle and liver of rats with insulin resistance. A decrease in the phosphorylation of Akt in L6 myotube cells, which was maintained in a high-glucose condition, was also observed. Treatment with silymarin aggravated high-glucose-induced insulin resistance. Deletion of PTEN in L6 cells reversed silymarin-induced impaired insulin signaling and glucose uptake. CONCLUSIONS Silymarin has the ability to disrupt insulin signaling through increased PTEN expression. Therefore, silymarin should be used carefully in type-2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Asakawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ying-Xiao Li
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hsien-Hui Chung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Haruka Amitani
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Ueki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine. Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Akio Inui
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Tsai LY, Chang YW, Lin PY, Chou HJ, Liu TJ, Lee PT, Huang WH, Tsou YL, Huang YS. CPEB4 knockout mice exhibit normal hippocampus-related synaptic plasticity and memory. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84978. [PMID: 24386439 PMCID: PMC3875571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated RNA translation is critical to provide proteins needed to maintain persistent modification of synaptic strength, which underlies the molecular basis of long-term memory (LTM). Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding proteins (CPEBs) are sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins and regulate translation in various tissues. All four CPEBs in vertebrates are expressed in the brain, including the hippocampal neurons, suggesting their potential roles in translation-dependent plasticity and memory. Although CPEB1 and CPEB3 have been shown to control specific kinds of hippocampus-related LTM, the role of CPEB2 and CPEB4 in learning and memory remains elusive. Thus, we generated CPEB4 knockout (KO) mice and analyzed them using several behavioral tests. No difference was found in the anxiety level, motor coordination, hippocampus-dependent learning and memory between the KO mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates. Electrophysiological recordings of multiple forms of synaptic plasticity in the Schaffer collateral pathway-CA1 neurons also showed normal responses in the KO hippocampal slices. Morphological analyses revealed that the CPEB4-lacking pyramidal neurons possessed slightly elongated dendritic spines. Unlike its related family members, CPEB1 and CPEB3, CPEB4 seems to be dispensable for hippocampus-dependent plasticity, learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Jung Chou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Jen Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Tao Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Liang Tsou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shuian Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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A role of CPEB1 in the modulation of proliferation and neuronal maturation of rat primary neural progenitor cells. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:1960-72. [PMID: 23824559 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation binding protein 1 (CPEB1) is a RNA binding protein, which regulates translation of target mRNAs by regulating polyadenylation status. CPEB1 plays important roles in the regulation of germline cell development by modulating cell cycle progression through the polyadenylation of target mRNAs such as cyclin B1. Similar mechanism is reported in proliferating astrocytes by us, although CPEB1 is involved in the transport of target mRNAs as well as local translation at dendritic spines. In this study, we found the expression of CPEB1 in cultured rat primary neural progenitor cells (NPCs). EGF stimulation of cultured NPCs induced rapid phosphorylation of CPEB1, a hallmark of CPEB1-dependent translational control along with cyclin B1 polyadenylation and translation. EGF-induced activation of ERK1/2 and Aurora A kinase was responsible for CPEB1 phosphorylation. Pharmacological inhibition studies suggested that ERK1/2 is involved in the activation of Aurora A kinase and regulation of CPEB1 phosphorylation in cultured NPCs. Long-term incubation in EGF resulted in the down-regulation of CPEB1 expression, which further increased expression of cyclin B1 and cell cycle progression. When we down-regulated the expression of CPEB1 in NPCs by siRNA transfection, the proliferation of NPCs was increased. Increased NPCs proliferation by down-regulation of CPEB1 resulted in eventual up-regulation of neuronal differentiation with increase in both pre- and post-synaptic proteins. The results from the present study may suggest the importance of translational control in the regulation of neuronal development, an emerging concept in many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder.
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Kojima S, Sher-Chen EL, Green CB. Circadian control of mRNA polyadenylation dynamics regulates rhythmic protein expression. Genes Dev 2013; 26:2724-36. [PMID: 23249735 DOI: 10.1101/gad.208306.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly(A) tails are 3' modifications of eukaryotic mRNAs that are important in the control of translation and mRNA stability. We identified hundreds of mouse liver mRNAs that exhibit robust circadian rhythms in the length of their poly(A) tails. Approximately 80% of these are primarily the result of nuclear adenylation coupled with rhythmic transcription. However, unique decay kinetics distinguish these mRNAs from other mRNAs that are transcribed rhythmically but do not exhibit poly(A) tail rhythms. The remaining 20% are uncoupled from transcription and exhibit poly(A) tail rhythms even though the steady-state mRNA levels are not rhythmic. These are under the control of rhythmic cytoplasmic polyadenylation, regulated at least in some cases by cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding proteins (CPEBs). Importantly, we found that the rhythmicity in poly(A) tail length is closely correlated with rhythmic protein expression, with a several-hour delay between the time of longest tail and the time of highest protein level. Our study demonstrates that the circadian clock regulates the dynamic polyadenylation status of mRNAs, which can result in rhythmic protein expression independent of the steady-state levels of the message.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihoko Kojima
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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Finelli C, Tarantino G. Have guidelines addressing physical activity been established in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease? World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:6790-800. [PMID: 23239917 PMCID: PMC3520168 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i46.6790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to highlight, in relation to the currently accepted pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the known exercise habits of patients with NAFLD and to detail the benefits of lifestyle modification with exercise (and/or physical activity) on parameters of metabolic syndrome. More rigorous, controlled studies of longer duration and defined histopathological end-points comparing exercise alone and other treatment are needed before better, evidence-based physical activity modification guidelines can be established, since several questions remain unanswered.
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Oruganty-Das A, Ng T, Udagawa T, Goh EL, Richter JD. Translational control of mitochondrial energy production mediates neuron morphogenesis. Cell Metab 2012; 16:789-800. [PMID: 23217258 PMCID: PMC3597101 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial energy production is a tightly regulated process involving the coordinated transcription of several genes, catalysis of a plethora of posttranslational modifications, and the formation of very large molecular supercomplexes. The regulation of mitochondrial activity is particularly important for the brain, which is a high-energy-consuming organ that depends on oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP. Here we show that brain mitochondrial ATP production is controlled by the cytoplasmic polyadenylation-induced translation of an mRNA encoding NDUFV2, a key mitochondrial protein. Knockout mice lacking the Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding protein 1 (CPEB1) have brain-specific dysfunctional mitochondria and reduced ATP levels, which is due to defective polyadenylation-induced translation of electron transport chain complex I protein NDUFV2 mRNA. This reduced ATP results in defective dendrite morphogenesis of hippocampal neurons both in vitro and in vivo. These and other results demonstrate that CPEB1 control of mitochondrial activity is essential for normal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Oruganty-Das
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Teclise Ng
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Tsuyoshi Udagawa
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eyleen L.K. Goh
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Joel D. Richter
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Correspondence:
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Wu J, Campbell ZT, Menichelli E, Wickens M, Williamson JR. A protein.protein interaction platform involved in recruitment of GLD-3 to the FBF.fem-3 mRNA complex. J Mol Biol 2012; 425:738-54. [PMID: 23159559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Pumilio and FBF (PUF) family of RNA-binding proteins interacts with protein partners to post-transcriptionally regulate mRNAs in eukaryotes. The interaction between PUF family member fem-3 binding factor (FBF) and germline development defective-3 (GLD-3) protein promotes spermatogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans by increasing expression of the fem-3 mRNA. Defined here in these studies is the molecular basis for this critical interaction. A 10-amino-acid region within GLD-3 is required for FBF binding, while a 7-amino-acid loop in FBF between PUF repeats 7 and 8 is necessary for GLD-3 binding. These short sequences are conserved, as other FBF-binding proteins bear sequences similar to those in GLD-3 and other C. elegans PUF proteins contain sequences similar to those in FBF. The FBF-binding region of GLD-3 forms a ternary complex with FBF on the point mutation element (PME) in the fem-3 3' untranslated region, and formation of this GLD-3⋅FBF complex does not impact the RNA-binding activity of FBF. These data raise the possibility of alternative models involving the formation of a GLD-3⋅FBF⋅RNA complex in the regulation of germline mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Jung H, Yoon BC, Holt CE. Axonal mRNA localization and local protein synthesis in nervous system assembly, maintenance and repair. Nat Rev Neurosci 2012; 13:308-24. [PMID: 22498899 PMCID: PMC3682205 DOI: 10.1038/nrn3210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
mRNAs can be targeted to specific neuronal subcellular domains, which enables rapid changes in the local proteome through local translation. This mRNA-based mechanism links extrinsic signals to spatially restricted cellular responses and can mediate stimulus-driven adaptive responses such as dendritic plasticity. Local mRNA translation also occurs in growing axons where it can mediate directional responses to guidance signals. Recent profiling studies have revealed that both growing and mature axons possess surprisingly complex and dynamic transcriptomes, thereby suggesting that axonal mRNA localization is highly regulated and has a role in a broad range of processes, a view that is increasingly being supported by new experimental evidence. Here, we review current knowledge on the roles and regulatory mechanisms of axonal mRNA translation and discuss emerging links to axon guidance, survival, regeneration and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosung Jung
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
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