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Doumatey AP, Shriner D, Zhou J, Lei L, Chen G, Oluwasola-Taiwo O, Nkem S, Ogundeji A, Adebamowo SN, Bentley AR, Gouveia MH, Meeks KAC, Adebamowo CA, Adeyemo AA, Rotimi CN. Untargeted metabolomic profiling reveals molecular signatures associated with type 2 diabetes in Nigerians. Genome Med 2024; 16:38. [PMID: 38444015 PMCID: PMC10913364 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has reached epidemic proportions globally, including in Africa. However, molecular studies to understand the pathophysiology of T2D remain scarce outside Europe and North America. The aims of this study are to use an untargeted metabolomics approach to identify: (a) metabolites that are differentially expressed between individuals with and without T2D and (b) a metabolic signature associated with T2D in a population of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). METHODS A total of 580 adult Nigerians from the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) study were studied. The discovery study included 310 individuals (210 without T2D, 100 with T2D). Metabolites in plasma were assessed by reverse phase, ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (RP)/UPLC-MS/MS methods on the Metabolon Platform. Welch's two-sample t-test was used to identify differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), followed by the construction of a biomarker panel using a random forest (RF) algorithm. The biomarker panel was evaluated in a replication sample of 270 individuals (110 without T2D and 160 with T2D) from the same study. RESULTS Untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed 280 DEMs between individuals with and without T2D. The DEMs predominantly belonged to the lipid (51%, 142/280), amino acid (21%, 59/280), xenobiotics (13%, 35/280), carbohydrate (4%, 10/280) and nucleotide (4%, 10/280) super pathways. At the sub-pathway level, glycolysis, free fatty acid, bile metabolism, and branched chain amino acid catabolism were altered in T2D individuals. A 10-metabolite biomarker panel including glucose, gluconate, mannose, mannonate, 1,5-anhydroglucitol, fructose, fructosyl-lysine, 1-carboxylethylleucine, metformin, and methyl-glucopyranoside predicted T2D with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.924 (95% CI: 0.845-0.966) and a predicted accuracy of 89.3%. The panel was validated with a similar AUC (0.935, 95% CI 0.906-0.958) in the replication cohort. The 10 metabolites in the biomarker panel correlated significantly with several T2D-related glycemic indices, including Hba1C, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and diabetes duration. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that metabolomic dysregulation associated with T2D in Nigerians affects multiple processes, including glycolysis, free fatty acid and bile metabolism, and branched chain amino acid catabolism. Our study replicated previous findings in other populations and identified a metabolic signature that could be used as a biomarker panel of T2D risk and glycemic control thus enhancing our knowledge of molecular pathophysiologic changes in T2D. The metabolomics dataset generated in this study represents an invaluable addition to publicly available multi-omics data on understudied African ancestry populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lin Lei
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | - Susan Nkem
- Center for Bioethics & Research, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Sally N Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, and the Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mateus H Gouveia
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Karlijn A C Meeks
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Clement A Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, and the Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research On Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, Building 12 A, Room 1025A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Grant DS, Samuels RJ, Garry RF, Schieffelin JS. Lassa Fever Natural History and Clinical Management. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2023. [PMID: 37106159 DOI: 10.1007/82_2023_263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Lassa fever is caused by Lassa virus (LASV), an Old World Mammarenavirus that is carried by Mastomys natalensis and other rodents. It is endemic in Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and other countries in West Africa. The clinical presentation of LASV infection is heterogenous varying from an inapparent or mild illness to a fatal hemorrhagic fever. Exposure to LASV is usually through contact with rodent excreta. After an incubation period of 1-3 weeks, initial symptoms such as fever, headache, and fatigue develop that may progress to sore throat, retrosternal chest pain, conjunctival injection, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Severe illness, including hypotension, shock, and multiorgan failure, develops in a minority of patients. Patient demographics and case fatality rates are distinctly different in Sierra Leone and Nigeria. Laboratory diagnosis relies on the detection of LASV antigens or genomic RNA. LASV-specific immunoglobulin G and M assays can also contribute to clinical management. The mainstay of treatment for Lassa fever is supportive care. The nucleoside analog ribavirin is commonly used to treat acute Lassa fever but is considered useful only if treatment is begun early in the disease course. Drugs in development, including a monoclonal antibody cocktail, have the potential to impact the management of Lassa fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald S Grant
- Lassa Fever Program, Kenema Government Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kenema, Sierra Leone
- College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences (COMAHS), University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Robert J Samuels
- Lassa Fever Program, Kenema Government Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kenema, Sierra Leone
| | - Robert F Garry
- School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Zalgen Labs, Frederick, MD, 21703, USA
- Global Virus Network (GVN), Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - John S Schieffelin
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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3
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Tang H, Abouleila Y, Saris A, Shimizu Y, Ottenhoff THM, Mashaghi A. Ebola virus-like particles reprogram cellular metabolism. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:557-568. [PMID: 36959259 PMCID: PMC10036248 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Ebola virus can trigger a release of pro-inflammatory cytokines with subsequent vascular leakage and impairment of clotting finally leading to multiorgan failure and shock after entering and infecting patients. Ebola virus is known to directly target endothelial cells and macrophages, even without infecting them, through direct interactions with viral proteins. These interactions affect cellular mechanics and immune processes, which are tightly linked to other key cellular functions such as metabolism. However, research regarding metabolic activity of these cells upon viral exposure remains limited, hampering our understanding of its pathophysiology and progression. Therefore, in the present study, an untargeted cellular metabolomic approach was performed to investigate the metabolic alterations of primary human endothelial cells and M1 and M2 macrophages upon exposure to Ebola virus-like particles (VLP). The results show that Ebola VLP led to metabolic changes among endothelial, M1, and M2 cells. Differential metabolite abundance and perturbed signaling pathway analysis further identified specific metabolic features, mainly in fatty acid-, steroid-, and amino acid-related metabolism pathways for all the three cell types, in a host cell specific manner. Taken together, this work characterized for the first time the metabolic alternations of endothelial cells and two primary human macrophage subtypes after Ebola VLP exposure, and identified the potential metabolites and pathways differentially affected, highlighting the important role of those host cells in disease development and progression. KEY MESSAGES: • Ebola VLP can lead to metabolic alternations in endothelial cells and M1 and M2 macrophages. • Differential abundance of metabolites, mainly including fatty acids and sterol lipids, was observed after Ebola VLP exposure. • Multiple fatty acid-, steroid-, and amino acid-related metabolism pathways were observed perturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqi Tang
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yasmine Abouleila
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anno Saris
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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4
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Gale TV, Schieffelin JS, Branco LM, Garry RF, Grant DS. Elevated L-threonine is a biomarker for Lassa fever and Ebola. Virol J 2020; 17:188. [PMID: 33243278 PMCID: PMC7690152 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lassa fever and Ebola are characterized by non-specific initial presentations that can progress to severe multisystem illnesses with high fatality rates. Samples from additional subjects are examined to extend and corroborate biomarkers with prognostic value for these diseases. Methods Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry metabolomics was used to identify and confirm metabolites disrupted in the blood of Lassa fever and Ebola patients. Authenticated standards are used to confirm the identify of key metabolites. Results We confirm prior results by other investigators that the amino acid l-threonine is elevated during Ebola virus infection. l-Threonine is also elevated during Lassa virus infection. We also confirmed that platelet-activating factor (PAF) and molecules with PAF moiety are reduced in the blood of patients with fatal Lassa fever. Similar changes in PAF and PAF-like molecules were not observed in the blood of Ebola patients. Conclusions Metabolomics may provide tools to identify pathways that are differentially affected during viral hemorrhagic fevers and guide development of diagnostics to monitor and predict outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor V Gale
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, JBJ568, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.,Ansun Biopharma, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John S Schieffelin
- Sections of Infectious Disease, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Robert F Garry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Avenue, JBJ568, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. .,Zalgen Labs, LLC, Germantown, MD, USA.
| | - Donald S Grant
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Program, Kenema Government Hospital, Kenema, Sierra Leone. .,Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
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5
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Fernandes J, Miranda RL, de Lemos ERS, Guterres A. MicroRNAs and Mammarenaviruses: Modulating Cellular Metabolism. Cells 2020; 9:E2525. [PMID: 33238430 PMCID: PMC7709035 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammarenaviruses are a diverse genus of emerging viruses that include several causative agents of severe viral hemorrhagic fevers with high mortality in humans. Although these viruses share many similarities, important differences with regard to pathogenicity, type of immune response, and molecular mechanisms during virus infection are different between and within New World and Old World viral infections. Viruses rely exclusively on the host cellular machinery to translate their genome, and therefore to replicate and propagate. miRNAs are the crucial factor in diverse biological processes such as antiviral defense, oncogenesis, and cell development. The viral infection can exert a profound impact on the cellular miRNA expression profile, and numerous RNA viruses have been reported to interact directly with cellular miRNAs and/or to use these miRNAs to augment their replication potential. Our present study indicates that mammarenavirus infection induces metabolic reprogramming of host cells, probably manipulating cellular microRNAs. A number of metabolic pathways, including valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, d-Glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, thiamine metabolism, and pools of several amino acids were impacted by the predicted miRNAs that would no longer regulate these pathways. A deeper understanding of mechanisms by which mammarenaviruses handle these signaling pathways is critical for understanding the virus/host interactions and potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets, through the inhibition of specific pathologic metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorlan Fernandes
- Hantaviruses and Rickettsiosis Laboratory, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Renan Lyra Miranda
- Neurochemistry Interactions Laboratory, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24020-150, Brazil;
| | - Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos
- Hantaviruses and Rickettsiosis Laboratory, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Alexandro Guterres
- Hantaviruses and Rickettsiosis Laboratory, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
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Xu T, Hu C, Xuan Q, Xu G. Recent advances in analytical strategies for mass spectrometry-based lipidomics. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1137:156-169. [PMID: 33153599 PMCID: PMC7525665 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are vital biological molecules and play multiple roles in cellular function of mammalian organisms such as cellular membrane anchoring, signal transduction, material trafficking and energy storage. Driven by the biological significance of lipids, lipidomics has become an emerging science in the field of omics. Lipidome in biological systems consists of hundreds of thousands of individual lipid molecules that possess complex structures, multiple categories, and diverse physicochemical properties assembled by different combinations of polar headgroups and hydrophobic fatty acyl chains. Such structural complexity poses a huge challenge for comprehensive lipidome analysis. Thanks to the great innovations in chromatographic separation techniques and the continuous advances in mass spectrometric detection tools, analytical strategies for lipidomics have been highly diversified so that the depth and breadth of lipidomics have been greatly enhanced. This review will present the current state of mass spectrometry-based analytical strategies including untargeted, targeted and pseudotargeted lipidomics. Recent typical applications of lipidomics in biomarker discovery, pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic strategy are summarized, and the challenges facing to the field of lipidomics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiuhui Xuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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7
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Discovery and predictive modeling of urine microbiome, metabolite and cytokine biomarkers in hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13418. [PMID: 32770049 PMCID: PMC7414893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is the leading cause of infectious related death costing 12 billion dollars annually in the United States alone. Despite improvements in clinical care, total mortality remains around 4%, with inpatient mortality reaching 5–10%. For unknown reasons, mortality risk remains high even after hospital discharge and there is a need to identify those patients most at risk. Also of importance, clinical symptoms alone do not distinguish viral from bacterial infection which may delay appropriate treatment and may contribute to short-term and long-term mortality. Biomarkers have the potential to provide point of care diagnosis, identify high-risk patients, and increase our understanding of the biology of disease. However, there have been mixed results on the diagnostic performance of many of the analytes tested to date. Urine represents a largely untapped source for biomarker discovery and is highly accessible. To test this hypothesis, we collected urine from hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and performed a comprehensive screen for urinary tract microbiota signatures, metabolite, and cytokine profiles. CAP patients were diagnosed with influenza or bacterial (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus) etiologies and compared with healthy volunteers. Microbiome signatures showed marked shifts in taxonomic levels in patients with bacterial etiology versus influenza and CAP versus normal. Predictive modeling of 291 microbial and metabolite values achieved a + 90% accuracy with LASSO in predicting specific pneumonia etiology. This study demonstrates that urine from patients hospitalized with pneumonia may serve as a reliable and accessible sample to evaluate biomarkers that may diagnose etiology and predict clinical outcomes.
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8
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Kumar R, Ghosh M, Kumar S, Prasad M. Single Cell Metabolomics: A Future Tool to Unmask Cellular Heterogeneity and Virus-Host Interaction in Context of Emerging Viral Diseases. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1152. [PMID: 32582094 PMCID: PMC7286130 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral emergence is an unpredictable but obvious event, particularly in the era of climate change and globalization. Efficient management of viral outbreaks depends on pre-existing knowledge and alertness. The potential hotspots of viral emergence often remain neglected and the information related to them is insufficient, particularly for emerging viruses. Viral replication and transmission rely upon usurping the host metabolic machineries. So altered host metabolic pathways can be exploited for containment of these viruses. Metabolomics provides the insight for tracing out such checkpoints. Consequently introspection of metabolic alteration at virus-host interface has evolved as prime area in current virology research. Chromatographic separation followed by mass spectrometry has been used as the predominant analytical platform in bulk of the analyses followed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fluorescence based techniques. Although valuable information regarding viral replication and modulation of host metabolic pathways have been extracted but ambiguity often superseded the real events due to population effect over the infected cells. Exploration of cellular heterogeneity and differentiation of infected cells from the nearby healthy ones has become essential. Single cell metabolomics (SCM) emerges as necessity to explore such minute details. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) coupled with several soft ionization techniques such as electrospray ionization (ESI), laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI), matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), matrix-free laser desorption ionization (LDI) have evolved as the best suited platforms for SCM analyses. The potential of SCM has already been exploited to resolve several biological conundrums. Thus SCM is knocking at the door of virus-host interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
| | - Mayukh Ghosh
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, RGSC, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
| | - Minakshi Prasad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
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9
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Fitzgerald BL, Molins CR, Islam MN, Graham B, Hove PR, Wormser GP, Hu L, Ashton LV, Belisle JT. Host Metabolic Response in Early Lyme Disease. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:610-623. [PMID: 31821002 PMCID: PMC7262776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lyme disease is a tick-borne bacterial illness that occurs in areas of North America, Europe, and Asia. Early infection typically presents as generalized symptoms with an erythema migrans (EM) skin lesion. Dissemination of the pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi can result in multiple EM skin lesions or in extracutaneous manifestations such as Lyme neuroborreliosis. Metabolic biosignatures of patients with early Lyme disease can potentially provide diagnostic targets as well as highlight metabolic pathways that contribute to pathogenesis. Sera from well-characterized patients diagnosed with either early localized Lyme disease (ELL) or early disseminated Lyme disease (EDL), plus healthy controls (HC), from the United States were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Comparative analyses were performed between ELL, or EDL, or ELL combined with EDL, and the HC to develop biosignatures present in early Lyme disease. A direct comparison between ELL and EDL was also performed to develop a biosignature for stages of early Lyme disease. Metabolic pathway analysis and chemical identification of metabolites with LC-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) demonstrated alterations of eicosanoid, bile acid, sphingolipid, glycerophospholipid, and acylcarnitine metabolic pathways during early Lyme disease. These metabolic alterations were confirmed using a separate set of serum samples for validation. The findings demonstrated that infection of humans with B. burgdorferi alters defined metabolic pathways that are associated with inflammatory responses, liver function, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial function. Additionally, the data provide evidence that metabolic pathways can be used to mark the progression of early Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia R. Molins
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - M. Nurul Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Barbara Graham
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Petronella R. Hove
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Gary P. Wormser
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Linden Hu
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Laura V. Ashton
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - John T. Belisle
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
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Brisse ME, Ly H. Hemorrhagic Fever-Causing Arenaviruses: Lethal Pathogens and Potent Immune Suppressors. Front Immunol 2019; 10:372. [PMID: 30918506 PMCID: PMC6424867 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fevers (HF) resulting from pathogenic arenaviral infections have traditionally been neglected as tropical diseases primarily affecting African and South American regions. There are currently no FDA-approved vaccines for arenaviruses, and treatments have been limited to supportive therapy and use of non-specific nucleoside analogs, such as Ribavirin. Outbreaks of arenaviral infections have been limited to certain geographic areas that are endemic but known cases of exportation of arenaviruses from endemic regions and socioeconomic challenges for local control of rodent reservoirs raise serious concerns about the potential for larger outbreaks in the future. This review synthesizes current knowledge about arenaviral evolution, ecology, transmission patterns, life cycle, modulation of host immunity, disease pathogenesis, as well as discusses recent development of preventative and therapeutic pursuits against this group of deadly viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Brisse
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Hinh Ly
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
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11
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Aouiss A, Anka Idrissi D, Kabine M, Zaid Y. Update of inflammatory proliferative retinopathy: Ischemia, hypoxia and angiogenesis. Curr Res Transl Med 2019; 67:62-71. [PMID: 30685380 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) present two examples of proliferative retinopathy, characterized by the same stages of progression; ischemia of the retinal vessels, leads to hypoxia and to correct the problem there is the setting up of uncontrolled angiogenesis, which subsequently causes blindness or even detachment of the retina. The difference is the following; that DR initiated by the metabolic complications that are due to hyperglycemia, and ROP is induced by overexposure of the neonatal retina to oxygen. In this review, we will demonstrate the physiopathological mechanism of the two forms of proliferative retinopathy DR and ROP, in particular the role of the CD40/CD40L axis and IL-1 on vascular complications and onset of inflammation of the retina, the implications of their effects on the onset of pathogenic angiogenesis, thus understanding the link between platelets and retinal ischemia. In addition, what are the therapeutic targets that could slow its progression?
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aouiss
- Laboratory of Health and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - D Anka Idrissi
- Laboratory of Health and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M Kabine
- Laboratory of Health and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Y Zaid
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, H1T1C8, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Saes JL, Simons A, de Munnik SA, Nijziel MR, Blijlevens NMA, Jongmans MC, van der Reijden BA, Smit Y, Brons PP, van Heerde WL, Schols SEM. Whole exome sequencing in the diagnostic workup of patients with a bleeding diathesis. Haemophilia 2018; 25:127-135. [PMID: 30431218 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bleeding assessment tools and laboratory phenotyping often remain inconclusive in patients with a haemorrhagic diathesis. AIM To describe the phenotype and genetic profile of patients with a bleeding tendency. METHODS Whole exome sequencing (WES) was incorporated in the routine diagnostic pathway of patients with thrombocytopenia (n = 17), platelet function disorders (n = 19) and an unexplained bleeding tendency (n = 51). The analysis of a panel of 126 OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) genes involved in thrombosis and haemostasis was conducted, and if negative, further exome-wide analysis was performed if informed consent given. RESULTS Eighteen variants were detected in 15 patients from a total of 87 patients (17%). Causative variants were observed in MYH9 (two cases), SLFN14, P2RY12 and GP9. In addition, one case was considered solved due to combined carriership of F7 and F13A1 variants and one with combined carriership of F2, F8 and VWF, all variants related to secondary haemostasis protein aberrations. Two variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were found in two primary haemostasis genes: GFI1B and VWF. Eight patients were carriers of autosomal recessive disorders. Exome-wide analysis was performed in 54 cases and identified three variants in candidate genes. CONCLUSION Based on our findings, we conclude that performing WES at the end of the diagnostic trajectory can be of additive value to explain the complete bleeding phenotype in patients without a definite diagnosis after conventional laboratory tests. Discovery of combinations of (novel) genes that predispose to bleeding will increase the diagnostic yield in patients with an unexplained bleeding diathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joline L Saes
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Hemophilia Treatment Center, Nijmegen-Eindhoven-Maastricht, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annet Simons
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja A de Munnik
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marten R Nijziel
- Department of Hematology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M A Blijlevens
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn C Jongmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert A van der Reijden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Haematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yolba Smit
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul P Brons
- Hemophilia Treatment Center, Nijmegen-Eindhoven-Maastricht, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Waander L van Heerde
- Hemophilia Treatment Center, Nijmegen-Eindhoven-Maastricht, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia E M Schols
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Hemophilia Treatment Center, Nijmegen-Eindhoven-Maastricht, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Schaeffer J, Carnec X, Reynard S, Mateo M, Picard C, Pietrosemoli N, Dillies MA, Baize S. Lassa virus activates myeloid dendritic cells but suppresses their ability to stimulate T cells. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007430. [PMID: 30419076 PMCID: PMC6258464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lassa virus (LASV) is responsible for a viral hemorrhagic fever in humans and the death of 3,000 to 5,000 people every year. The immune response to LASV is poorly understood, but type I interferon (IFN-I) and T-cell responses appear to be critical for the host. We studied the response of myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) to LASV, as mDCs are involved in both IFN-I production and T-cell activation. We compared the response of primary human mDCs to LASV and Mopeia virus (MOPV), which is similar to LASV, but non-pathogenic. We showed that mDCs produced substantial amounts of IFN-I in response to both LASV and MOPV. However, only MOPV-infected mDCs were able to activate T cells. More surprisingly, coculture with T cells completely inhibited the activation of LASV-infected mDCs. These differences between LASV and MOPV were mostly due to the LASV nucleoprotein, which has major immunosuppressive properties, but the glycoprotein was also involved. Overall, these results suggest that mDCs may be important for the global response to LASV and play a role in the outcome of Lassa fever. Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever and a major public health issue in West Africa. Lassa virus, the causative agent of Lassa fever, is listed by the World Health Organization as one of the emerging pathogens likely to cause severe outbreaks in the near future. Indeed, there is currently no vaccine and no treatment against Lassa virus. Determinants of Lassa virus high pathogenicity are not completely understood. However, it has been shown that rapid type I interferon response and efficient T cell response were critical to survive Lassa fever. Dendritic cells are at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity. Their direct response to viral infection includes type I interferon production. They can also present viral antigens, initiating the T cell responses. We decided to investigate how dendritic cells respond to Lassa virus to evaluate their importance in the global immune response. We showed that primary human myeloid dendritic cells are activated by Lassa virus infection, and produce type I interferon. However, Lassa virus-infected dendritic cells were not able to activate T cells. We also elucidated the roles of viral proteins in the modulation of dendritic cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Schaeffer
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (INSERM, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon I), Lyon, France
| | - Xavier Carnec
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (INSERM, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon I), Lyon, France
| | - Stéphanie Reynard
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (INSERM, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon I), Lyon, France
| | - Mathieu Mateo
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (INSERM, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon I), Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Picard
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (INSERM, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon I), Lyon, France
| | - Natalia Pietrosemoli
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Centre de Bioinformatique Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI, USR 3756, IP CNRS), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Dillies
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Centre de Bioinformatique Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI, USR 3756, IP CNRS), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baize
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (INSERM, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon I), Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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Melo CFOR, Delafiori J, Dabaja MZ, de Oliveira DN, Guerreiro TM, Colombo TE, Nogueira ML, Proenca-Modena JL, Catharino RR. The role of lipids in the inception, maintenance and complications of dengue virus infection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11826. [PMID: 30087415 PMCID: PMC6081433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a viral condition that has become a recurrent issue for public health in tropical countries, common endemic areas. Although viral structure and composition have been widely studied, the infection phenotype in terms of small molecules remains poorly established. This contribution providing a comprehensive overview of the metabolic implications of the virus-host interaction using a lipidomic-based approach through direct-infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry. Our results provide further evidence that lipids are part of both the immune response upon Dengue virus infection and viral infection maintenance mechanism in the organism. Furthermore, the species described herein provide evidence that such lipids may be part of the mechanism that leads to blood-related complications such as hemorrhagic fever, the severe form of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeany Delafiori
- INNOVARE Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mohamad Ziad Dabaja
- INNOVARE Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Diogo Noin de Oliveira
- INNOVARE Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Melina Guerreiro
- INNOVARE Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Elias Colombo
- School of Medicine from São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Jose Luiz Proenca-Modena
- Laboratory of Study of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetic, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ramos Catharino
- INNOVARE Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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