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Dignam P, Elshafey M, Jeganathan A, Foo M, Park JS, Ratnaweera M. Prevalence and Factors Influencing Post-Operative Complications following Tooth Extraction: A Narrative Review. Int J Dent 2024; 2024:7712829. [PMID: 38756385 PMCID: PMC11098612 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7712829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Complications from dental extractions may result in multiple post-operative visits and adversely affect the patient's life. Preventing complications may decrease post-operative morbidity for the individual as well as lower societal costs, such as lost time from work and healthcare costs. Objectives This narrative review aims to assess the prevalence and factors influencing post-operative complications following tooth extraction, helping clinicians minimise the risk. Data Sources. Cross-sectional studies. Study Eligibility and Participants. Patients undergoing dental extractions. Our exclusion criteria included in vitro studies, animal studies, terminally ill patients, and tooth loss not due to dental extraction. Literature was collected from "PubMed" and "Web of Science" through search criteria based on the "PICO" framework. Twenty articles were used to formulate a prevalence table, and 156 articles were included for the factors influencing complications. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods. This narrative review was reported using the SANRA (a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles) checklist. Due to the scope of our narrative review and its associated objectives, the quality of cross-sectional studies (AXIS) will be conducted from the studies outlining the prevalence. Results Alveolar osteitis appears to be the most prevalent post-operative complication following tooth extraction. Predisposing factors can be significant in their ability to alter the risk of postoperative complications, and clinicians should provide patient-centred care to mitigate this risk. Limitations. Due to the breadth of context, a systematic review was not feasible, as it may have introduced heterogeneity. Conclusion This narrative review has highlighted an array of factors which can influence the prevalence of post-operative complications. Future research would benefit from individually reporting post-operative complications, reducing the heterogeneity in definitions of the complications, and including greater detail on the predisposing factors studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Dignam
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Mariam Elshafey
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Aparna Jeganathan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Magdalen Foo
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Joon Soo Park
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- International Research Collaborative—Oral Health and Equity, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- School of Engineering, Information Technology and Physical Sciences, Federation University Australia, Victoria, Ballarat, Australia
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Satyanarayana D, Kulkarni S, Doshi D, Reddy MP, Khaled S, Srilatha A. Periodontal health status among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with age- and gender-matched controls. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:524-529. [PMID: 37781331 PMCID: PMC10538517 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_479_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share a pathogenic mechanism that involves activating and using inflammatory cytokines and neutrophils, which generate pathological changes in various tissues with a chronic degenerative outcome. Aim the aim of this study was to assess and compare the periodontal health status among COPD patients with age- and gender-matched controls. Materials and Methods All the patients aged >30 years who were diagnosed with COPD by the physician were included as cases, while people who are apparently healthy and age and gender matched with cases were included as controls. Data on demographic details, socioeconomic status (Kuppuswamy scale), deleterious oral habits, and oral hygiene practices were obtained. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and the WHO basic oral health survey proforma (1997) were used to obtain the data on oral hygiene and periodontal status respectively. Results Most cases had moderate COPD severity (58.25%). The overall mean OHI-S, CPI, and LOA were higher among cases (3.92 ± 0.95, 3.68 ± 0.60, and 2.33 ± 1.10, respectively) in comparison to controls. Further, among cases, the mean oral hygiene and periodontitis increased with increased severity of COPD. Although among both cases and controls, gender, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption influenced their periodontal status, significant odds of higher risk were seen only among cases. Further, subjects with COPD had higher odds of having poor oral hygiene, deeper pocket depths, and LOA. Conclusion A strong association between COPD and periodontitis was observed. The oral hygiene and periodontal disease worsened with the severity of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantala Satyanarayana
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Suhas Kulkarni
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dolar Doshi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Madupu Padma Reddy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sana Khaled
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sri Balaji Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Adepu Srilatha
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Kim SH, Gu S, Kim JA, Im Y, Cho JY, Kim Y, Shin YM, Kim EG, Lee KM, Choe KH, Lee H, Yang B. Association Between Oral Health and Airflow Limitation: Analysis Using a Nationwide Survey in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e241. [PMID: 37550809 PMCID: PMC10412030 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although poor oral health is a common comorbidity in individuals with airflow limitation (AFL), few studies have comprehensively evaluated this association. Furthermore, the association between oral health and the severity of AFL has not been well elucidated. METHODS Using a population-based nationwide survey, we classified individuals according to the presence or absence of AFL defined as pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity < 0.7. Using multivariable logistic regression analyses, we evaluated the association between AFL severity and the number of remaining teeth; the presence of periodontitis; the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index; and denture wearing. RESULTS Among the 31,839 participants, 14% had AFL. Compared with the control group, the AFL group had a higher proportion of periodontitis (88.8% vs. 79.4%), complete denture (6.2% vs. 1.6%), and high DMFT index (37.3% vs. 27.8%) (P < 0.001 for all). In multivariable analyses, denture status: removable partial denture (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.04-1.20) and complete denture (aOR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.01-2.05), high DMFT index (aOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02-1.24), and fewer permanent teeth (0-19; aOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12-1.52) were significantly associated with AFL. Furthermore, those with severe to very severe AFL had a significantly higher proportion of complete denture (aOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.11-3.71) and fewer remaining teeth (0-19; aOR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.57-3.01). CONCLUSION Denture wearing, high DMFT index, and fewer permanent teeth are significantly associated with AFL. Furthermore, a reduced number of permanent teeth (0-19) was significantly related to the severity of AFL. Therefore, physicians should pay attention to oral health in managing patients with AFL, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seonhye Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Informatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - YoHan Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jun Yeun Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Youlim Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Mi Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ki Man Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kang Hyeon Choe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Bumhee Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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Yang M, Peng R, Li X, Peng J, Liu L, Chen L. Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and periodontal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067432. [PMID: 37369414 PMCID: PMC10410961 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Studies have suggested contradictory results on the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and periodontal disease (PD). The aim of this study was to determine whether PD increased the risk of COPD and COPD-related clinical events. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed, Ovid EMBASE and Ovid CENTRAL were searched from inception to 22 February 2023. Eligibility criteria for studies We included trials and observational studies evaluating association of PD with the risk of COPD or COPD-related events (exacerbation and mortality), with statistical adjustment for smoking. Data extraction and synthesis Two investigators independently extracted data from selected studies using a standardised Excel file. Quality of studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. OR with 95% CI was pooled in a random-effect model with inverse variance method. Results 22 observational studies with 51 704 participants were included. Pooled analysis of 18 studies suggested that PD was weakly associated with the risk of COPD (OR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.32). However, in stratified and subgroup analyses, with strict adjustment for smoking, PD no longer related to the risk of COPD (adjusting for smoking intensity: OR: 1.14, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.51; smokers only: OR: 1.46, 95% CI 0.92 to 2.31; never smokers only: OR: 0.93, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.21). Moreover, PD did not increase the risk of COPD-related exacerbation or mortality (OR: 1.18, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.97) in the pooled result of four studies. Conclusions This study demonstrates PD confers no risk for COPD and COPD-related events when strictly adjusted by smoking. Large-scale prospective cohort studies with control of potential confounding factors are warranted to validate the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoou Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjie Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Molina A, Huck O, Herrera D, Montero E. The association between respiratory diseases and periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:842-887. [PMID: 36606394 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate (1) whether periodontitis has an influence on the prevalence/incidence of respiratory diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], asthma, community-acquired pneumonia [CAP], obstructive sleep apnoea [OSA] and COVID-19), and (2) what is the impact of periodontal therapy on the onset or progression of respiratory diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases up to October 2021, to identify studies answering the PECOS and PICOS questions. RESULTS Seventy-five articles were selected. Meta-analyses identified statistically significant associations of periodontitis with COPD (nstudies = 12, odds ratio [OR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.16; 1.42], p < .001), and OSA (ns = 6, OR = 1.65, 95% CI [1.21; 2.25], p = .001), but not for asthma (ns = 9, OR = 1.53, 95% CI [0.82; 2.86], p = .181). For acute conditions, two studies were found for CAP, while for COVID-19, significant associations were found for the need of assisted ventilation (ns = 2, OR = 6.24, 95% CI [2.78; 13.99], p < .001) and COVID-related mortality (ns = 3, OR = 2.26, 95% CI [1.36, 3.77], p = .002). Only four intervention studies were found, showing positive effects of periodontal treatment on COPD, asthma and CAP. CONCLUSIONS A positive association between periodontitis and COPD, OSA and COVID-19 complications has been found, while there is a lack of intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Molina
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Huck
- Dental Faculty Robert Franck, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Herrera
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Montero
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Teles F, Collman RG, Mominkhan D, Wang Y. Viruses, periodontitis, and comorbidities. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:190-206. [PMID: 35244970 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Seminal studies published in the 1990s and 2000s explored connections between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions, revealing potential contributions of periodontal diseases in the initiation or worsening of systemic conditions. The resulting field of periodontal medicine led to the publication of studies indicating that periodontal diseases can influence the risk of systemic conditions, including adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as Alzheimer disease and cancers. In general, these studies hypothesized that the periodontal bacterial insult and/or the associated proinflammatory cascade could contribute to the pathogenesis of these systemic diseases. While investigations of the biological basis of the connections between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions generally emphasized the bacteriome, it is also biologically plausible, under an analogous hypothesis, that other types of organisms may have a similar role. Human viruses would be logical "suspects" in this role, given their ubiquity in the oral cavity, association with periodontal diseases, and ability to elicit strong inflammatory response, compromise immune responses, and synergize with bacteria in favor of a more pathogenic microbial consortium. In this review, the current knowledge of the role of viruses in connecting periodontal diseases and systemic conditions is examined. We will also delve into the mechanistic basis for such connections and highlight the importance of those relationships in the management and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Teles
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine & School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronald G Collman
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dana Mominkhan
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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7
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Pulmonary disease and periodontal health: a meta-analysis. Sleep Breath 2022; 26:1857-1868. [PMID: 35122603 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02577-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research has shown a positive relationship between pulmonary and periodontal disease. However, the relationship remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the associations between pulmonary disease and periodontal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Citation Index, Wanfang, and CNKI were searched for all the relevant studies of relationship between pulmonary disease and periodontal health. Weighted mean difference (WMD)/odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of the association. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed a significant association between pulmonary and periodontal disease (adjusted OR, 1.93; 95%CI: 1.60-2.33; P < 0.05), and pooled adjusted OR was 1.64, 3.03, and 2.21 in COPD, asthma, and pneumonia, respectively. The pooled analysis also showed that patients with pulmonary disease suffered from worse periodontal health as most periodontal indexes in those patients were poorer. CONCLUSIONS There is a strong association between pulmonary disease and periodontal health. Clinical trials analyzing the causality and pathological basis of the association of these two diseases are needed.
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Kataoka S, Kimura M, Yamaguchi T, Egashira K, Yamamoto Y, Koike Y, Ogawa Y, Fujiharu C, Namai T, Taguchi K, Takahashi M, Kameda A, Kasen T, Hano A, Kubota K, Sato M, Yamaga H, Nohara K, Shirasawa M, Sekine C, Fukuda M, Aoki A, Takeuchi Y, Mugiyama M, Mori K, Sawada K, Kashiwagi Y, Kitamura M, Hayashi T, Nakagawa T, Murakami S. A cross-sectional study of relationships between periodontal disease and general health: The Hitachi Oral Healthcare Survey. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:644. [PMID: 34911523 PMCID: PMC8672581 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study performed to clarify the relationship between periodontal disease and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by introducing dental examinations into the annual health examinations conducted by Japanese companies, and to highlights the importance of a medical system that connects dental and medical professionals. METHODS A total of 1.022 Hitachi Ltd. employees were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We examined correlations and odds ratios (ORs) between the dental and overall health of employees using stratification and multiple logistic regression analyses based on the periodontal health indicators, general health indicators, and occlusal force. RESULTS The adjusted OR of PPD for obesity (OR, 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.84; p = 0.009), IGT (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.00-2.20; p = 0.049), and COPD (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.02-1.88; p = 0.038) significantly differed. The adjusted OR of body mass index (OR, 1.28; 95% CI 1.15-1.42; p < 0.001), haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) (OR, 4.34; 95% CI, 1.89-9.98; p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels (OR, 1.08; 95% CI 1.04-1.11; p < 0.001), postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio (%FEV1) (OR, 0.95; 95% CI 0.91-1.00; p = 0.031) and smoking (OR, 2.32; 95% CI 1.62-3.33; p < 0.001) for severe periodontal disease also significantly differed. Occlusal force was significantly reduced in employees aged 50-59 years compared to those aged 40-49 years. Both PPD, HbA1c, FBG levels were significantly associated with occlusal force among employees with moderate/severe periodontitis. PPD was significantly associated with occlusal force among employees with and moderate COPD, and ASCVD. %FEV1 was significantly associated with occlusal force among employees with IGT. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study revealed mutual relationships among periodontal disease, NCDs, and occlusal force on Japanese corporate workers. We demonstrated that a comprehensive, regional healthcare system centred on annual integrated dental and physical health examinations in the workplace will benefit employees and positively impact corporate health insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Kataoka
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kimura
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsuguno Yamaguchi
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Egashira
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yu Yamamoto
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koike
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Ogawa
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chika Fujiharu
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiko Namai
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Taguchi
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoko Takahashi
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asami Kameda
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Kasen
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asami Hano
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Konomi Kubota
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sato
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yamaga
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaori Nohara
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikiko Shirasawa
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Sekine
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Fukuda
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arisa Aoki
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurina Takeuchi
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misaki Mugiyama
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Mori
- Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keigo Sawada
- Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Takeshi Hayashi
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi Limited, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi Limited, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Oral Candidal Load and Oral Health Status in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients: A Case-Cohort Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5548746. [PMID: 34545329 PMCID: PMC8449733 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5548746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to determine the candidal load of the patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and evaluate the oral health status of subjects with COPD. Material and Methods. N = 112 COPD subjects and N = 100 control subjects were included in the study. The selection of COPD cases was confirmed based on the set criteria from the American College of Physicians. The oral health status was assessed as per WHO criteria to determine the score of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), significant caries index (SiC), community periodontal index and treatment needs (CPITN), and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S). Gram staining was performed to identify Candida using the whole saliva. Quantitative evaluation of the candidal load was carried out using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Chrome agar was used to differentiate between the commensal carriages. A statistical analysis paired t-test and 95% confidence interval (CI) for proportions was carried out using STATA software. Results Candidal growth was found in 21.42% (n = 24) of COPD cases and 1.1% (n = 11) of control cases (p < 0.05) (95% CI 0.45, 0.59). The DMFT score was 8.26 in COPD subjects and 4.6 in controls, the SiC score was 16.42 in COPD subjects and 10.25 in controls, and the CPITN score for both COPD and control cases was score 2. Conclusion In conclusion, there was a higher candidal load among subjects suffering from COPD. Theophylline medication can be a risk factor for increased candidal load in COPD patients.
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Kelly N, Winning L, Irwin C, Lundy FT, Linden D, McGarvey L, Linden GJ, El Karim IA. Periodontal status and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:425. [PMID: 34479518 PMCID: PMC8418022 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01757-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests a role for oral bacteria in lung infections. This systematic review aimed to analyse the association between poor periodontal status and the frequency of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and Medline were searched for studies published until May 2020, with no language restriction. Studies reporting periodontal condition, or periodontal treatment outcomes, with data on the frequency of exacerbations of COPD, were identified. The primary outcome was the frequency of exacerbations and secondary outcomes included quality of life (QoL) and hospitalisation. Quality and risk of bias assessment were carried out using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for observational studies, Robins-1 tool for non-randomised intervention studies and Cochrane risk of bias assessment (RoB-2) tool for randomised clinical trials. Studies were assessed for eligibility and quality by two assessors independently. RESULTS Searches identified 532 records and 8 met the inclusion criteria. Included studies were three clinical trials, one prospective cohort study, one case-control, and three cross-sectional studies. A narrative synthesis was performed. The data from intervention studies showed reduction in the frequency of exacerbations following periodontal treatment. Data from observational studies suggest association of worse plaque scores and fewer teeth with exacerbation, but not pocket depth or clinical attachment loss. Better periodontal health was also associated with reduced frequency of COPD exacerbations, hospitalisations and improved quality of life in COPD patients. Due to the high heterogeneity no meta-analysis was performed. The quality of some of the included studies was low and there was evidence of a high risk of bias. CONCLUSION The data supports possible association between poor periodontal health, the frequency of exacerbations, hospitalisation and quality of life in COPD patients. The evidence is of moderate to low certainty and is limited by high risk of bias suggesting the need for well-designed and adequately powered randomised controlled trials, to inform future research and clinical practice. The PROSPERO registration number CRD42020180328.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Kelly
- Centre for Dentistry, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Lewis Winning
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christopher Irwin
- Centre for Dentistry, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Fionnuala T Lundy
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Dermot Linden
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lorcan McGarvey
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Gerard J Linden
- Institute of Clinical Sciences Block B, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ikhlas A El Karim
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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11
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Casanova-Rosado AJ, Casanova-Rosado JF, Minaya-Sánchez M, Robles-Minaya JL, Casanova-Sarmiento JA, Márquez-Corona MDL, Pontigo-Loyola AP, Isla-Granillo H, Mora-Acosta M, Márquez-Rodríguez S, Medina-Solís CE, Maupomé G. Association of Edentulism with Various Chronic Diseases in Mexican Elders 60+ Years: Results of a Population-Based Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9040404. [PMID: 33916223 PMCID: PMC8066655 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9040404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the association of edentulism with different chronic diseases and mental disorders in Mexicans aged 60 years and over. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the World Health Survey for Mexico, in a probabilistic, multi-stage cluster sampling framework. Data for self-report of chronic diseases (diabetes, arthritis, angina pectoris and asthma), mental disorders (depression and schizophrenia) and edentulism were analyzed. Edentulism data were available for 20 of the 32 States of Mexico. Statistical analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 using the svy module for complex sampling (Complex nature under which individuals are sampled). Results: In total 4213 subjects were included, representing a population of 7,576,057 individuals. Mean age was 70.13 ± 7.82 years (range 60 to 98); 56.2% were women. Chronic diseases’ prevalence and mental disorders prevalence were as follows: diabetes 15.0% (N = 1,132,693); arthritis 13.2% (N = 1,001,667); depression 5.5% (N = 414,912); angina pectoris 4.5% (344,315); asthma 3.6% (N = 269,287); and schizophrenia 2.2% (N = 16,988). The prevalence of edentulism was 26.3%, which pertained to 1,993,463 people aged 60 years and over. Angina in women aged 60 to 69 years (p < 0.05) and depression in men aged 70 years and over (p < 0.0001) were associated with higher prevalence of edentulism. Conclusions: There was generally sparse association between edentulism on chronic diseases and mental disorders included in the study, except for women aged 60 to 69 years for angina, and in men aged 70 and over, for depression. Although our findings are misaligned with previous reports, longitudinal studies are required to test causal and temporal relationships between edentulism with chronic diseases and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Campeche, Campeche 24039, Mexico; (A.J.C.-R.); (M.M.-S.); (J.L.R.-M.); (J.A.C.-S.)
| | - Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Campeche, Campeche 24039, Mexico; (A.J.C.-R.); (M.M.-S.); (J.L.R.-M.); (J.A.C.-S.)
- Correspondence: (J.F.C.-R.); (C.E.M.-S.)
| | - Mirna Minaya-Sánchez
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Campeche, Campeche 24039, Mexico; (A.J.C.-R.); (M.M.-S.); (J.L.R.-M.); (J.A.C.-S.)
| | - José Luís Robles-Minaya
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Campeche, Campeche 24039, Mexico; (A.J.C.-R.); (M.M.-S.); (J.L.R.-M.); (J.A.C.-S.)
| | | | - María de Lourdes Márquez-Corona
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (A.P.P.-L.); (H.I.-G.); (M.M.-A.); (S.M.-R.)
| | - América Patricia Pontigo-Loyola
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (A.P.P.-L.); (H.I.-G.); (M.M.-A.); (S.M.-R.)
| | - Horacio Isla-Granillo
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (A.P.P.-L.); (H.I.-G.); (M.M.-A.); (S.M.-R.)
| | - Mariana Mora-Acosta
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (A.P.P.-L.); (H.I.-G.); (M.M.-A.); (S.M.-R.)
| | - Sonia Márquez-Rodríguez
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (A.P.P.-L.); (H.I.-G.); (M.M.-A.); (S.M.-R.)
| | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (A.P.P.-L.); (H.I.-G.); (M.M.-A.); (S.M.-R.)
- Advanced Studies and Research Center in Dentistry “Dr. Keisaburo Miyata”, School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of State of Mexico, Toluca 50000, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.F.C.-R.); (C.E.M.-S.)
| | - Gerardo Maupomé
- Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University/Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana University Network Science Institute, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
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12
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Severe COVID-19 Lung Infection in Older People and Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020279. [PMID: 33466585 PMCID: PMC7828740 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal bacteria dissemination into the lower respiratory tract may create favorable conditions for severe COVID-19 lung infection. Once lung tissues are colonized, cells that survive persistent bacterial infection can undergo permanent damage and accelerated cellular senescence. Consequently, several morphological and functional features of senescent lung cells facilitate SARS-CoV-2 replication. The higher risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, the virus that causes COVID-19, and death in older patients has generated the question whether basic aging mechanisms could be implicated in such susceptibility. Mounting evidence indicates that cellular senescence, a manifestation of aging at the cellular level, contributes to the development of age-related lung pathologies and facilitates respiratory infections. Apparently, a relationship between life-threatening COVID-19 lung infection and pre-existing periodontal disease seems improbable. However, periodontal pathogens can be inoculated during endotracheal intubation and/or aspirated into the lower respiratory tract. This review focuses on how the dissemination of periodontal bacteria into the lungs could aggravate age-related senescent cell accumulation and facilitate more efficient SARS-CoV-2 cell attachment and replication. We also consider how periodontal bacteria-induced premature senescence could influence the course of COVID-19 lung infection. Finally, we highlight the role of saliva as a reservoir for both pathogenic bacteria and SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the identification of active severe periodontitis can be an opportune and valid clinical parameter for risk stratification of old patients with COVID-19.
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13
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Taylor H, Holmes AM, Blackburn J. Prevalence of and factors associated with unmet dental need among the US adult population in 2016. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 49:346-353. [PMID: 33274505 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding and addressing contributing factors to unmet dental need is an important public health challenge. This study investigated the prevalence of, and factors associated with, self-reported unmet dental need using a nationally representative sample of US adults. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey (MEPS) from 2016. The weighted prevalence of unmet dental need was estimated among individuals aged 18 years or older. Chi-squared and multivariate logit regression with marginal effects (ie absolute risk differences) were used to measure the association of unmet dental need with respondent characteristics. RESULTS The prevalence of adults reporting unmet dental need was 6% (95% CI: 5.5 to 6.5). Adults with dental insurance were 1.7 percentage points (95% CI: -2.8 to -0.6) less likely to report unmet dental needs than adults without dental insurance. Those with middle income were 2.3 percentage points (95% CI: 1.2 to 3.4), those with low income were 3.3 percentage points (95% CI: 1.7 to 5.0), and those with poor/negative/near-poor income were 4.2 percentage points (95% CI: 2.7 to 5.7) more likely to report an unmet dental need than adults with high income. Both Hispanics (-1.7 percentage points [95% CI: -2.8 to -0.6]) and non-Hispanic Blacks (-1.1 percentage points [95% CI: -2.1 to -0.1]) were less likely to report an unmet dental need than whites. Smoking, education, general health status, chronic disease and marital status were also significantly associated with reporting an unmet dental need. CONCLUSIONS Future policies should continue to address cost and coverage barriers to adult dental care, as these remain significant barriers to access, particularly for low-income adults. Future research should evaluate the reasons adults report unmet dental need and explore how adults' judgment of dental need compares to providers' clinical judgment. Additionally, research that explores how race and ethnicity affect perceptions of unmet dental need is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Taylor
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ann M Holmes
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Justin Blackburn
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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14
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Zhou X, Wang J, Liu W, Huang X, Song Y, Wang Z, Jia X. Periodontal Status and Microbiologic Pathogens in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Periodontitis: A Case-Control Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:2071-2079. [PMID: 32943860 PMCID: PMC7478369 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s266612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate clinical periodontal status and microbiologic pathogens in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and periodontitis. Patients and Methods We conducted a case–control study of 60 periodontitis patients with COPD (case group) and 60 periodontitis patients with normal pulmonary function (control group). Their periodontal status and respiratory function were clinically examined. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were used to measure five dental pathogens and four respiratory pathogens in subgingival dental plaque. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients (r2) were calculated to assess correlations of pathogens. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to assess the similarity of bacterial diversity between the two groups. Logistic regression was performed to examine the associations of periodontal variables and pathogens with COPD risk. Results COPD patients had fewer remaining teeth, higher plaque index (PLI), and more severe site percentages of clinical attachment level (CAL) than the controls. Although COPD patients tended to have relatively higher ranked means of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis, Treponema denticola, and Haemophilus influenza than control participants, the differences were not significant. Some periodontal pathogens and respiratory pathogens were positively correlated with each other (r2 =0.29 to 0.47, all P < 0.05). The PCA graph showed that the distributions of pathogens were more dispersed but less discriminated in the COPD group than those in the control group. PLI (P = 0.045) and CAL ≥ 5mm site percentages (P = 0.01) were significantly associated with an increased risk of COPD, while pathogens were not associated with COPD. Conclusion Our results from this study do not indicate periodontal pathogens as potential predictors of COPD risk, despite significantly poor periodontal status associated with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitian Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyuan Jia
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Sapey E, Yonel Z, Edgar R, Parmar S, Hobbins S, Newby P, Crossley D, Usher A, Johnson S, Walton GM, McGuinness A, Chapple I, Stockley R. The clinical and inflammatory relationships between periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1040-1052. [PMID: 32567697 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate associations between periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with and without alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), including neutrophil functions implicated in tissue damage. METHODS The presence and severity of periodontitis (using two international criteria) and lung disease were assessed in 156 COPD patients with and without AATD accounting for common confounding factors. Saliva and systemic inflammatory markers were measured by ELISA together with neutrophil migration. RESULTS COPD and AATD patients exhibited higher prevalence of periodontitis (COPD 95%; AATD 88%) than reported in unselected community-dwelling populations even when risk factors (age, smoking history, socio-economic status and dental habits) were considered. Periodontitis severity associated with lung disease severity (AATD, periodontitis versus no periodontitis; FEV1 = 56% versus 99% predicted; TLCO = 59% versus 81% predicted, p < .0001 for both). Neutrophil migratory accuracy declined in stage II-IV periodontitis patients with COPD or AATD compared to COPD or AATD with no or stage I periodontitis. Improved dental habits appeared to be associated with a reduction in exacerbation frequency in COPD. CONCLUSION The results support shared pathophysiology between periodontitis and COPD, especially when associated with AATD. This may reflect an amplification of neutrophilic inflammation and altered neutrophil functions, already described in periodontitis, COPD and AATD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zehra Yonel
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ross Edgar
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sabrina Parmar
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephanie Hobbins
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul Newby
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Diana Crossley
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam Usher
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah Johnson
- NIHR Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Georgia M Walton
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam McGuinness
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Iain Chapple
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robert Stockley
- Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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16
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Winning L, Polyzois I, Sanmartin Berglund J, Renvert S. Periodontitis and airflow limitation in older Swedish individuals. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:715-725. [PMID: 32246489 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis and airflow limitation in older Swedish individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study individuals were randomly selected from the Swedish civil registration database representing the ageing population in Karlskrona, Sweden. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed, alongside which participants completed questionnaires gathering information on their medical history, social circumstances, demographic background and tobacco use. A physical examination assessed anthropometric measures. Standard spirometry was performed to identify subjects with airflow limitation. Periodontitis was defined based on radiographic periodontal bone loss. Analysis included multiple logistic regression with adjustment for various confounders. RESULTS A total of 826 Caucasian dentate subjects were included in the analysis. The median age of participants was 73.2 (IQR 66-81) years, and 443 (54.6%) subjects were female. Eighty-six (10.4%) individuals presented with airflow limitation. The proportion of participants presenting with periodontitis in the airflow limitation group was 65.1% compared to 41.5% with normal respiratory function (p < .001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that periodontitis was independently associated with airflow limitation with an odds ratio of 2.31 (95% CI 1.27-4.22) p < .01. CONCLUSION In this group of older dentate individuals, periodontitis was significantly associated with airflow limitation independent of other known risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Winning
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinty College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Polyzois
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinty College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Johan Sanmartin Berglund
- Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Renvert
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinty College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.,School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.,Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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17
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Gomes-Filho IS, Cruz SSD, Trindade SC, Passos-Soares JDS, Carvalho-Filho PC, Figueiredo ACMG, Lyrio AO, Hintz AM, Pereira MG, Scannapieco F. Periodontitis and respiratory diseases: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2019; 26:439-446. [PMID: 31715080 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the recent scientific literature addressing the association between periodontitis and asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search for studies was carried out using MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases, including the gray literature (ProQuest). Reference lists of selected articles were also searched. Studies having varying epidemiological designs assessing the association between periodontitis and respiratory diseases in human subjects were eligible for inclusion. Three independent reviewers performed the selection of articles and data extraction. Fixed and random effects meta-analysis were performed for the calculation of the association measurements (Odds Ratio-OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS A total of 3,234 records were identified in the database search, with only 13 studies meeting the eligibility criteria and 10 studies contributed data for meta-analysis. Using a random effects models periodontitis was associated with asthma: ORadjusted: 3.54 (95% CI: 2.47-5.07), I2 = 0%; with COPD: OR adjusted: 1.78 (95% CI: 1.04-3.05), I2 = 37.9%; and with pneumonia: OR adjusted: 3.21 (95% CI: 1.997-5.17), I2 = 0%. CONCLUSIONS The main findings of this systematic review validated an association between periodontitis and asthma, COPD and pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone Seixas da Cruz
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Bahia, Brazil.,Department of Epidemiology, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Johelle de Santana Passos-Soares
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Bahia, Brazil.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda Oliveira Lyrio
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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18
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Dwibedi N, Wiener RC, Findley PA, Shen C, Sambamoorthi U. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tooth loss, and edentulism among adults in the United States: 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. J Am Dent Assoc 2019; 151:735-744.e1. [PMID: 31732091 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with chronic respiratory conditions, specifically asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may be at risk of experiencing poor oral health due to systemic inflammation, challenges in routine oral health care, and adverse effects of medications used to treat these conditions. The authors examined the association of asthma, COPD, and coexisting asthma and COPD (asthma-COPD overlap syndrome [ACOS]) with tooth loss among US adults. METHODS The authors conducted a cross-sectional study using 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (N = 387,217). The authors categorized the participants with missing permanent teeth into 4 groups: asthma only (n = 38,817), COPD only (n = 19,819), ACOS (n = 13,494), no asthma, no COPD (n = 315,087). The authors used adjusted multinomial logistic regressions to examine the associations between asthma and COPD categories and tooth loss. RESULTS According to the authors, 5.3% of study participants reported they were edentulous; 10.7% reported 6 or fewer missing teeth. Participants with asthma only, COPD only, and ACOS had higher odds of reporting tooth loss (6 or more teeth) than those in the no asthma, no COPD group; adjusted odds ratios were 1.12 (95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.26) to 2.04 (95% confidence interval, 1.85 to 2.26). A lower percentage of participants with COPD and ACOS visited dentists in the past year than those with no asthma and no COPD. Interactive associations suggested participants with asthma or COPD with dental visits were less likely to report edentulism than those with neither asthma nor COPD and no dental visits. CONCLUSIONS Participants with asthma or COPD had higher odds of tooth loss compared with those with neither asthma nor COPD. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS People with asthma or COPD should maintain routine dental visits to reduce the risk of experiencing tooth loss.
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19
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Prevalence of Periodontitis and its Association with Reduced Pulmonary Function: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55090581. [PMID: 31510089 PMCID: PMC6780062 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The current study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of periodontitis and to examine the association between reduced pulmonary function and periodontitis using Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2014. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional evaluation was conducted to estimate the prevalence of periodontitis and to examine the association between periodontitis and reduced pulmonary function while adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and current smoking status in survey participants between 40 and 79 years old. The presence of periodontitis was evaluated by community periodontal index defined by the World Health Organization, and the assessments of reduced pulmonary function data were made as “normal,” “restrictive impairment,” or “obstructive impairment.” Results: A total of 4004 survey participants representing 25.4 million Koreans were included in the study. Overall, 41.1% of the study population were determined to have periodontitis, and 22.1% had reduced pulmonary function; 7.9% and 14.2% had restrictive- and obstructive- pulmonary impairments, respectively. Age, male gender, and current smoking status were positive predictors for periodontitis. Insurance coverage by workplace and higher education were protective factors against periodontitis. The association between periodontitis and restrictive impairment (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.059, 95% CI 0.729–1.540) or obstructive impairment (adjusted OR = 1.140, 95% CI 0.849–1.530) was not significant. Conclusions: For Koreans, 40–79 years old, age, smoking status, gender, education, and insurance coverage were significant predictors of periodontitis. The prevalence of periodontitis was not significantly associated with reduced pulmonary function. To better understand the relationship between periodontitis and reduced pulmonary function, well-designed and larger scale epidemiologic studies are needed.
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Rodriguez-Alvarez E, Lanborena N, Borrell LN. Place of Birth Inequalities in Dental Care Use before and after the Economic Crisis in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101691. [PMID: 31091780 PMCID: PMC6572320 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates inequalities in the use of dental services according to place of birth before and after the economic crisis in Spain. A cross-sectional study was performed in adults aged 18 to 65 years in Spain. We used data from three Spanish National Health Surveys for the years 2006 (before the crisis), 2014, and 2017 (after the crisis). Log-binomial regression was used to quantify the association between place of birth and use of dental care services before and after controlling for the selected covariates. In 2006, we found a greater probability of not using dental care services in immigrants from Asia (PR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.10-1.67) and Africa (PR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05-1.28) compared to the natives. For 2014, the probability of not using dental care services was greater for all immigrants relative to natives, with the greatest probability for those from Africa (PR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.46-2.01) and Asia (PR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.23-1.47). The associations for 2017 were weaker in magnitude than the ones observed for 2014, although stronger than for 2006. This study suggests that the economic recovery did not have the same impact for natives and immigrants regardless of regions of origin, given the observed inequalities in use of dental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rodriguez-Alvarez
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
- OPIK-Research Group for Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Nerea Lanborena
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
- OPIK-Research Group for Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Luisa N Borrell
- OPIK-Research Group for Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY 10027, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Science. University of Alcalá, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
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Baldomero AK, Siddiqui M, Lo CY, Petersen A, Pragman AA, Connett JE, Kunisaki KM, Wendt CH. The relationship between oral health and COPD exacerbations. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:881-892. [PMID: 31114185 PMCID: PMC6497835 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s194991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Poor oral health has been implicated as an independent risk factor for the development of COPD, but few studies have evaluated the association between oral health and COPD exacerbations. We aimed to determine if poor oral health is associated with COPD exacerbations and/or worse respiratory health. Methods: We performed a case-control study of oral health among COPD exacerbators and non-exacerbators. Cases (exacerbators) had experienced ≥1 exacerbation in the previous 12 months, while controls (non-exacerbators) had no exacerbations in the previous 24 months. We excluded those with <4 teeth. We evaluated the global oral health assessment, Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5), dental symptoms/habits, and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). In a subset, we performed blinded dental exams to measure bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment loss, periodontitis severity, plaque index, gingival index, and carries risk. We evaluated associations between oral health and COPD exacerbations using logistic regression. Linear regression was used to assess relationships between oral health and SGRQ scores. Results: Screened non-exacerbators (n=118) were significantly more likely to have <4 teeth, compared to screened exacerbators (n=100) (44% vs 30%, respectively; p=0.046). After excluding those with <4 teeth, there were 70 cases and 66 controls. Self-reported oral health and objective dental exam measures did not vary significantly between cases vs controls. However, the odds of severe COPD exacerbations requiring hospitalizations and/or emergency department visits trended higher in those with worse dental exam compared to those with better dental exam. Worse OHIP-5 was strongly associated with worse SGRQ scores. Conclusions: Oral health status was not related to COPD exacerbations, but was associated with self-reported respiratory health. Non-exacerbators were more likely to be edentate or have ≤4 teeth compared to exacerbators. Larger studies are needed to address oral health as a potential method to improve respiratory health in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne K Baldomero
- Pulmonary Section, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mariam Siddiqui
- TMD, Orofacial Pain, and Dental Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chia-Yin Lo
- TMD, Orofacial Pain, and Dental Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Dental Section, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ashley Petersen
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexa A Pragman
- Infectious Disease Section, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John E Connett
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ken M Kunisaki
- Pulmonary Section, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chris H Wendt
- Pulmonary Section, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Lopez-de-Andrés A, Vazquez-Vazquez L, Martinez-Huedo MA, Hernández-Barrera V, Jimenez-Trujillo I, Tapias-Ledesma MA, de Miguel-Diez J, Jiménez-García R. Is COPD associated with periodontal disease? A population-based study in Spain. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3435-3445. [PMID: 30425473 PMCID: PMC6203114 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s174898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is more prevalent and more severe among men and women suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with healthy adults. The objectives of this paper were to assess the association between periodontal disease and COPD, controlling the effect of sociodemographic characteristics, oral health status, lifestyle variables, and comorbidities. Second, we identified which of the variables analyzed were independently associated with periodontal disease among COPD sufferers. Methods This descriptive study was done with data from the National/European Health Interview Surveys, conducted in years 2006, 2011/12, and 2014 in Spain. We included subjects ≥40 years of age. COPD status was self-reported. One non-COPD patient was matched by age, gender, and the year of survey for each COPD case. The presence of periodontal disease was defined using the answers "my teeth bleed spontaneously or while brushing" or/and "my teeth move" to the question: "Do you suffer of any of these dental and oral disorders or diseases?" Independent variables included demographic, socioeconomic, and health care-related variables, oral health status, and presence of comorbidities. Results The prevalence of periodontal disease was higher among COPD patients than their matched non-COPD controls (26.5% vs 22.2%; P<0.001). Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of periodontal disease for subjects with COPD was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.12-1.30). Suffering mental disorders (AOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.32-1.97) was positively associated with higher risk of periodontal disease. Older age, having a private dental health insurance, and university education were variables associated with lower rates of periodontal disease. Conclusion Prevalence of periodontal disease was higher among those with COPD compared to non-COPD controls. Dentists and physicians should increase their awareness with their COPD patients, especially those who are younger, with lower education, and suffer depression and/or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lopez-de-Andrés
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain,
| | - Luis Vazquez-Vazquez
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - Valentín Hernández-Barrera
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain,
| | - Isabel Jimenez-Trujillo
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain,
| | - Miguel A Tapias-Ledesma
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain,
| | - Javier de Miguel-Diez
- Respiratory Department, Gregorio Marañon General University Hospital, Medical School, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-García
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain,
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AbdelHalim HA, AboElNaga HH, Aggour RL. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and periodontitis: a possible association. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BRONCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/ejb.ejb_12_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Taboza ZA, Costa KL, Silveira VR, Furlaneto FA, Montenegro R, Russell S, Dasanayake A, Rego RO. Periodontitis, edentulism and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2018; 6:e000453. [PMID: 29607049 PMCID: PMC5873546 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the glycemic control in non-smoking patients with type 2 diabetes according to their periodontal and dental status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study investigated patients previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and under antidiabetic medication. Clinical data and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were collected from medical and dental records. Patients were divided into three groups according to dental and periodontal diagnosis: no or mild periodontitis (NO/MILD, n=96), moderate or severe periodontitis (MOD/SEV, n=74) and edentulous (n=141). FBG levels were compared between groups. Logistic regression was also applied to estimate the OR of presenting hyperglycemia. RESULTS Edentulous patients had significantly higher FBG levels of 155.7±70.9 (mean±SD mg/dL) than those in the MOD/SEV (136.6±33.8) and the NO/MILD (123.1±36.7) groups. Differences between the latter two groups were also significant. Edentulous patients had adjusted ORs of 4.53, 4.27 and 3.95 of having FBG≥126, ≥150 and ≥180 mg/dL, respectively, in comparison with NO/MILD group. The MOD/SEV group also presented significant odds of having FBG≥126 mg/dL (OR=2.66) and ≥150 mg/dL (OR=2.45) than the NO/MILD group. CONCLUSIONS Patients in the MOD/SEV group had worse glycemic control than the ones in the NO/MILD group. However, edentulous patients presented higher glycemic levels than both dentate groups, and also presented with higher odds of having hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuila Albuquerque Taboza
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Katia Linhares Costa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Virginia Régia Silveira
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry at Sobral, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Flavia Aparecida Furlaneto
- Department of Surgery and Bucco-Maxillofacial Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Montenegro
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Stefanie Russell
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ananda Dasanayake
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Rodrigo O Rego
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry at Sobral, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York City, New York, USA
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Ha DH, Spencer AJ, Thomson WM, Scott JA, Do LG. Commonality of Risk Factors for Mothers' Poor Oral Health and General Health: Baseline Analysis of a Population-Based Birth Cohort Study. Matern Child Health J 2018; 22:617-625. [PMID: 29396632 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective The association between and commonality of risk factors for poor self-rated oral health (SROH) and general health (SRGH) among new mothers has not been reported. The purpose of this paper is to assess the commonality of risk factors for poor SROH and SRGH, and self-reported obesity and dental pain, among a population-based sample of new mothers in Australia. It also investigated health conditions affecting new mothers' general health. Methods Data collected at baseline of a population-based birth cohort was used. Mothers of newborns in Adelaide were approached to participate. Mothers completed a questionnaire collecting data on socioeconomic status (SES), health behaviours, dental pain, SROH, self-reported height and weight and SRGH. Analysis was conducted sequentially from bivariate to multivariable regression to estimate prevalence rate (PR) of reporting poor/fair SROH and SRGH. Results of the 1895 new mothers, some 21 and 6% rated their SROH and SRGH as poor/fair respectively. Dental pain was associated with low income and smoking status, while being obese was associated with low SES, low education and infrequent tooth brushing. SROH and SRGH was associated with low SES, smoking, and dental pain. SROH was also associated with SRGH [PR: 3.06 (2.42-3.88)]. Conclusion for practice There was a commonality of factors associated with self-rated oral health and general health. Strong associations between OH and GH were also observed. Given the importance of maternal health for future generations, there would be long-term societal benefit from addressing common risk factors for OH and GH in integrated programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diep H Ha
- School of Dentistry, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - A John Spencer
- School of Dentistry, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | - Loc G Do
- School of Dentistry, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Pérez Barrionuevo AM, Gómez Real F, Igland J, Johannessen A, Omenaas E, Franklin KA, Pérez Barrionuevo L, Åstrøm AN, Svanes C, Bertelsen RJ. Periodontal health status and lung function in two Norwegian cohorts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191410. [PMID: 29351551 PMCID: PMC5774767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The oral cavity is united with the airways, and thus poor oral health may affect respiratory health. However, data on the interaction of periodontal and respiratory health is limited. We aimed to evaluate whether periodontal health status, assessed by the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), was related to lung function among young and middle-aged adults in two Norwegian cohorts. METHODS Periodontal health status and lung function were measured among 656 participants in the Norwegian part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECHRS III) and the RHINESSA offspring study. Each participant was given a CPI-index from 0 to 4 where higher values reflect poorer periodontal status. The association between CPI and lung function was estimated with linear regression adjusting for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, exercise, education, use of antibiotics, inhaled medication and corrected for clustering within families. MAIN RESULTS Participants with CPI 3-4 had significantly lower FEV1/FVC ratio compared to participants with CPI 0, b (95% CI) = -0.032 (-0.055, -0.009). Poorer periodontal health was associated with a significant decrease in the FEV1/FVC ratio with an adjusted regression coefficient for linear trend b (95% CI) = -0.009 (-0.015, -0.004) per unit increase in CPI. This negative association remained when excluding asthmatics and smokers (-0.014 (-0.022, -0,006)). CONCLUSIONS Poorer periodontal health was associated with increasing airways obstruction in a relatively young, healthy population. The oral cavity is united with the airways and our findings indicate an opportunity to influence respiratory health by improving oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jannicke Igland
- Department of Global Health and Community Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ernst Omenaas
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karl A. Franklin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Song SJ, Han K, Lee SS, Park JB. Association between the number of natural teeth and diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Korea national health and nutrition examination survey. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8694. [PMID: 29381952 PMCID: PMC5708951 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the number of teeth and diabetic retinopathy among Korean population.This was a retrospective analysis using data of total 45,811 individuals who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008 to 2012. Among these, 2593 (5.7%) participants were identified as having type 2 diabetes mellitus. After excluding participants without ophthalmic evaluation or other variables, 2078 (80%) participants were included. Demographic factors including dental status were analyzed and compared between participants with and without diabetic retinopathy.Among the 2078 type 2 diabetes, 358 (17.2%) had diabetic retinopathy. Type 2 diabetes with fewer teeth were more likely to have diabetic retinopathy (P < .001). Multivariate analysis showed that type 2 diabetes with < 20 teeth had an 8.7-fold risk of having vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy when compared with type 2 diabetes with ≥28 teeth (95% confidence interval: 2.69-28.3) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, drinking, exercise, hypertension, diabetes mellitus duration, and glycated hemoglobin level.The number of teeth was found to be an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. Thus, a comprehensive approach of dentists and ophthalmologists is needed to minimize the complications of diabetes mellitus. Whether the teeth number reflects microvascular changes of the retina among type 2 diabetes warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jeong Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Seong-su Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si Gyeonggi-do
| | - Jun-Beom Park
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Aquila I, Gratteri S, Sacco MA, Nuzzolese E, Fineschi V, Frati P, Ricci P. Could the screening for correct oral health reduce the impact of death due to bolus asphyxia in adult patients? A forensic case report. Med Hypotheses 2017; 110:23-26. [PMID: 29317062 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION "Bolus death" or "Café Coronary syndrome" refers to death due to asphyxia caused by an occlusion of the upper airways due to food. In this kind of asphyxia, the food bolus obstructs the larynx or the bronchial branches. This kind of event often affects subjects with acute intoxication due to alcohol or drugs, or with edentulism and with neurological or psychiatric diseases. CASE REPORT An elderly woman, suffering from schizophrenia, was found dead in her house due to food bolus asphyxia. The post-mortem toxicological analysis on the deceased's biological fluids revealed the presence of tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics and neuroleptics. Study of the oral cavity showed the presence of partial edentulism and periodontal disease. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesize that this kind of asphyxia in adults can be prevented. We believe that there are two major preventable factors: edentulism and salivation disorders in elderly and neuropsychiatric patients. The primary prevention of these pathologies would deal with the basic physician, similarly to other screenings already effectively in place. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to prevent fatal asphyxia in subjects who suffer from this kind of diseases through appropriate screening. This prevention strategy would greatly reduce the amount of choking deaths in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Aquila
- Chair of Legal Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Santo Gratteri
- Chair of Legal Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Matteo A Sacco
- Chair of Legal Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emilio Nuzzolese
- Chair of Legal Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Paola Frati
- Chair of Legal Medicine, University "La Sapienza" of Rome, Italy
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Hobbins S, Chapple IL, Sapey E, Stockley RA. Is periodontitis a comorbidity of COPD or can associations be explained by shared risk factors/behaviors? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:1339-1349. [PMID: 28496317 PMCID: PMC5422335 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s127802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD is recognized as having a series of comorbidities potentially related to common inflammatory processes. Periodontitis is one of the most common human inflammatory diseases and has previously been associated with COPD in numerous observational studies. As periodontitis and COPD are both chronic, progressive conditions characterized by neutrophilic inflammation with subsequent proteolytic destruction of connective tissue, it has been proposed that they share common pathophysiological processes. The mechanisms proposed to link COPD and periodontitis include mechanical aspiration of oral contents into the respiratory tree, overspill of locally produced inflammatory mediators into the systemic circulation or oral or lung-derived bacteremia activating an acute-phase response and also reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokine release by systemic neutrophils at distant sites. Studies of systemic neutrophils in COPD and chronic periodontitis describe altered cellular functions that would predispose to inflammation and tissue destruction both in the lung and in the mouth, again potentially connecting these conditions. However, COPD and periodontitis also share risk factors such as age, chronic tobacco smoke exposure, and social deprivation that are not always considered in observational and interventional studies. Furthermore, studies reporting associations have often utilized differing definitions of both COPD and periodontitis. This article reviews the current available evidence supporting the hypothesis that COPD and inflammatory periodontal disease (periodontitis) could be pathologically associated, including a review of shared inflammatory mechanisms. It highlights the potential limitations of previous studies, in particular, the lack of uniformly applied case definitions for both COPD and periodontitis and poor recognition of shared risk factors. Understanding associations between these conditions may inform why patients with COPD suffer such a burden of comorbid illness and new therapeutic strategies for both the diseases. However, further research is needed to clarify factors that may be directly causal as opposed to confounding relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Institute of Inflammation and Aging.,Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Aging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital
| | - Robert A Stockley
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Friedman PK, Lamster IB. Tooth loss as a predictor of shortened longevity: exploring the hypothesis. Periodontol 2000 2016; 72:142-52. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Shin HS, Ahn YS, Lim DS. Association between the Number of Existing Permanent Teeth and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.17135/jdhs.2016.16.3.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Shen TC, Chang PY, Lin CL, Chen CH, Tu CY, Hsia TC, Shih CM, Hsu WH, Sung FC, Kao CH. Periodontal Treatment Reduces Risk of Adverse Respiratory Events in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3735. [PMID: 27196497 PMCID: PMC4902439 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of periodontal diseases has been associated with benefit outcomes for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, no population-based cohort study has been conducted. We evaluated this relationship by retrospective cohort study using a large population data.Using the National Health Insurance claims data of Taiwan, we identified 5562 COPD patients with periodontal diseases who had received periodontal treatment as the treatment group. The comparison group was selected at a 1:1 ratio matched by the propensity score estimated with age, sex, date of COPD diagnosis and periodontal treatment, and comorbidities. Both groups were followed up for 5 years to compare risks of acute exacerbation, pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure.The incidence rates of adverse respiratory events were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the comparison group: 3.79 versus 4.21 per 100 person-years for emergency room visits, 2.75 versus 3.65 per 100 person-years for hospitalizations, and 0.66 versus 0.75 per 100 person-years for intensive care unit admissions. The treatment group also had a 37% reduced risk of deaths (1.81 vs 2.87 per 100 person-years), with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.57 (95% confidence interval 0.52-0.62).Periodontal treatment for COPD patients could reduce the risk of adverse respiratory events and mortality. The adequate periodontal health care is important for COPD patients with periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Chun Shen
- From the Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science (T-CS, P-YC, C-HC, C-HK), College of Medicine, China Medical University; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (T-CS, C-HC, C-YT, T-CH, C-HS, W-HH), Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital; Department of Dentistry (P-YC), China Medical University Hospital; Management Office for Health Data (C-LL, F-CS, C-HK), China Medical University Hospital; Department of Health Services Administration (F-CS), China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health (F-CS), Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center (C-HK), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chung JH, Hwang HJ, Kim SH, Kim TH. Associations Between Periodontitis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The 2010 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Periodontol 2016; 87:864-71. [PMID: 26912338 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to examine whether oral hygiene and self-care, particularly in periodontal health, are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Korean population. METHODS Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012 were used to assess the community periodontal index (CPI) of 5,878 participants (normal lung function: n = 5,181; obstructive spirometric pattern: n = 697) aged ≥40 years, who underwent spirometry. RESULTS Participants with COPD brushed their teeth less frequently and used the following less frequently: 1) dental floss and/or interdental brush; 2) mouthwash; and 3) electric toothbrush (P <0.001). Prevalence of periodontitis in patients with COPD (58.1%) was significantly higher than in those without COPD (34.0%, P <0.001). Number of teeth was significantly lower in patients with COPD compared with controls. Decayed-missing-filled tooth index was significantly lower in patients with COPD. This study shows risk of COPD by periodontal severity. Periodontitis (CPI 3 and 4) was associated in males with COPD after adjustment for: 1) age; 2) income; 3) education; 4) smoking; 5) alcohol consumption; 6) exercise; 7) body mass index; 8) toothbrushing frequency; 9) diabetes mellitus; and 10) number of teeth (CPI 3: relative risk [RR] = 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12 to 2.05; CPI 4: RR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.56). CONCLUSION Findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that COPD in males may be associated with severe periodontitis and indicates the importance of promoting dental care in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine
| | - Sun-Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine
| | - Tae Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen QL, Zeng XT, Luo ZX, Duan XL, Qin J, Leng WD. Tooth loss is associated with increased risk of esophageal cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis with dose-response analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18900. [PMID: 26742493 PMCID: PMC4705514 DOI: 10.1038/srep18900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have revealed the association between tooth loss and the risk of esophageal cancer (EC); however, consistent results were not obtained from different single studies. Therefore, we conducted the present meta-analysis to evaluate the association between tooth loss and EC. We conducted electronic searches of PubMed until to February 10, 2015 to identify relevant observational studies that examined the association between tooth loss and the risk of EC. Study selection and data extraction from eligible studies were independently performed by two authors. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0 software. Finally eight eligible publications with ten studies involving 3 cohort studies, 5 case-control studies, and 1 cross-sectional study were yielded. Meta-analysis identified tooth loss increased risk of EC 1.30 times (Relative risk = 1.30, 95% confidence interval = 1.06–1.60, I2 = 13.5%). Dose-response analysis showed linear relationship between tooth loss and risk of EC (RR = 1.01, 95%CI = 1.00–1.03; P for non-linearity test was 0.45). Subgroup analysis proved similar results and publication bias was not detected. In conclusion, tooth loss could be considered to be a significant and dependent risk factor for EC based on the current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xian-Tao Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China.,Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiao Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Duan
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei-Dong Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
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Kim SW, Han K, Kim SY, Park CK, Rhee CK, Yoon HK. The relationship between the number of natural teeth and airflow obstruction: a cross-sectional study using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 11:13-21. [PMID: 26730184 PMCID: PMC4694678 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s94419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Potential associations between oral health and respiratory disease, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have been suggested in several studies. Among the indicators reflecting oral health, the number of natural teeth is an integrated and simple index to assess in the clinic. In this study, we examined the relationship between the number of natural teeth and airflow obstruction, which is a central feature of COPD. Methods A total of 3,089 participants over 40 years, who underwent reliable spirometry and oral health assessments were selected from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012, a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey. Spirometry results were classified as normal, restrictive, or obstructive pattern. Total number and pairs of natural teeth were counted after excluding third molars. Results After adjusting for other variables, such as age, body mass index, socioeconomic factors, and oral health factors, the group with airflow obstruction showed significantly fewer natural teeth than the other groups in males (P=0.014 and 0.008 for total number and total pairs of natural teeth, respectively). Compared with participants with full dentition, the adjusted odds ratio for airflow obstruction in males with fewer than 20 natural teeth was 4.18 (95% confidence interval: 2.06–8.49) and with fewer than 10 pairs of natural teeth was 4.74 (95% confidence interval: 2.34–9.62). However, there was no significant association between the total number or pairs of natural teeth and airflow obstruction after adjustment in females. Conclusions Loss of natural teeth was significantly associated with the presence of airflow obstruction in males. Our finding suggests that the number of natural teeth could be one of the available indices for obstructive lung diseases, including COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Kwon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Felton DA. Complete Edentulism and Comorbid Diseases: An Update. J Prosthodont 2015; 25:5-20. [PMID: 26371954 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between complete edentulism, which is the terminal outcome of a multifactorial oral disease process and other comorbid diseases, was first reported in 2009. Although the relationship between edentulism and a multitude of systemic diseases was reported, none of the publications studied could determine causality of tooth loss on the incidence of any comorbid disease. Since that publication, there has been a renewed interest in this relationship, and a plethora of new articles have been published. This article will provide an update on articles published since 2008 on the relationship between edentulism and comorbid diseases, and will include the relationship between complete edentulism and such comorbid conditions as malnutrition, obesity, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary diseases (including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), cancer, and even mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Felton
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV
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The Two-Way Association of Periodontal Infection with Systemic Disorders: An Overview. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:793898. [PMID: 26339142 PMCID: PMC4539125 DOI: 10.1155/2015/793898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity that harbors diverse bacterial populations could also act as a site of origin for spread of pathogenic microorganisms to different body sites, particularly in immunocompromised hosts, patients, the elderly, or the underprivileged. A number of recent publications have advocated that patients with periodontal diseases are more susceptible to metabolic endotoxemia, inflammation, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other related systemic complications, concluding that periodontal diseases could be a potential contributing risk factor for a wide array of clinically important systemic diseases. However, despite a significant increase in the prevalence of periodontal infections and systemic diseases in the past few decades, the fundamental biological mechanisms of connection between these ailments are still not fully explicated. Consequently, the mechanisms by which this bidirectional damage occurs are being explored with a concentric vision to develop strategies that could prevent or control the complications of these ailments. This paper attempts to summarize and hypothesize the diverse mechanisms that hint to a certain connection between the two prevalent chronic situations.
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Sanders AE, Essick GK, Beck JD, Cai J, Beaver S, Finlayson TL, Zee PC, Loredo JS, Ramos AR, Singer RH, Jimenez MC, Barnhart JM, Redline S. Periodontitis and Sleep Disordered Breathing in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Sleep 2015; 38:1195-203. [PMID: 25669183 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and severe chronic periodontitis. DESIGN Cross-sectional data analysis from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. SETTING Community-based setting with probability sampling from four urban US communities. PARTICIPANTS 12,469 adults aged 18-74 y. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Severe chronic periodontitis was defined using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology case classification based on full-mouth periodontal assessments performed by calibrated dentists. SDB was evaluated in standardized home sleep tests, and defined as the number of apnea plus hypopnea events associated with ≥ 3% desaturation, per hour of estimated sleep. SDB was quantified using categories of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): 0.0 events (nonapneic); 0.1-4.9 (subclinical); 5.0-14.9 (mild); and ≥ 15 (moderate/severe). Covariates were demographic characteristics and established periodontitis risk factors. C-reactive protein was a potential explanatory variable. Using survey estimation, multivariable binary logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence limits (CL). Following adjustment for confounding, the SDB and periodontitis relationship remained statistically significant, but was attenuated in strength and no longer dose-response. Compared with the nonapneic referent, adjusted odds of severe periodontitis were 40% higher with subclinical SDB (OR = 1.4, 95% CL: 1.0, 1.9), 60% higher with mild SDB (OR = 1.6, 95% CL: 1.1, 2.2) and 50% higher with moderate/severe SDB (OR = 1.5, 95% CL: 1.0, 2.3) demonstrating an independent association between SDB and severe periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a novel association between mild sleep disordered breathing and periodontitis that was most pronounced in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Sanders
- Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Greg K Essick
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James D Beck
- Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Tracy L Finlayson
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jose S Loredo
- Sleep Medicine Center and VA Pulmonary Sleep Disorders laboratory, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Alberto R Ramos
- Sleep Medicine Center and VA Pulmonary Sleep Disorders laboratory, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Richard H Singer
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Monik C Jimenez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL and Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Janice M Barnhart
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
| | - Susan Redline
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: management considerations for the dental team. Br Dent J 2014; 217:235-7. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) May Be More Likely to Have More Severe Periodontal Disease Than Individuals Without COPD. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2014; 14:79-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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