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Ribeiro BC, Garcia CGR, Lima LJP, Guerreiro JF, Póvoa MM, Cunha MG. Malaria in a vulnerable population living in quilombo remnant communities in the Brazilian Amazon: a cross-sectional study from 2005-2020. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2024; 66:e25. [PMID: 38656041 PMCID: PMC11027486 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202466025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Quilombo remnant communities are areas officially recognized by the Brazilian government as historical communities founded by formerly enslaved individuals. These communities are mostly located in the endemic areas of malaria in the Brazilian Amazon. We retrospectively described the prevalence of malaria among individuals living in 32 recognized quilombo remnant communities in the Baiao and Oriximina municipalities located in the Para State. The number of malaria cases and the Annual Parasitic Incidence (API) recorded by the Brazilian malaria surveillance system (SIVEP-Malaria) from January 2005 to December 2020 were analyzed. We found that all communities registered at least one case over the 16-year period, the most frequent parasitic species being Plasmodium vivax (76.1%). During this period, 0.44% (4,470/1,008,714) of the malaria cases registered in Para State were reported in these quilombo remnant communities, with frequencies of 10.9% (856/7,859) in Baiao municipality and 39.1% (3,614/9,238) in Oriximina municipality, showing that individuals living in these rural communities are exposed to malaria. These data indicate that effective surveillance requires improved measures to identify malaria transmission among vulnerable populations living in quilombo remnant communities in the Brazilian Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Costa Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Carla Gisele R Garcia
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Lilian Jéssica Passos Lima
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - João F. Guerreiro
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Maristela G. Cunha
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Loureiro Tonini MA, Pires Gonçalves Barreira DM, Bueno de Freitas Santolin L, Bondi Volpini LP, Gagliardi Leite JP, Le Moullac-Vaidye B, Le Pendu J, Cruz Spano L. FUT2, Secretor Status and FUT3 Polymorphisms of Children with Acute Diarrhea Infected with Rotavirus and Norovirus in Brazil. Viruses 2020; 12:E1084. [PMID: 32992989 PMCID: PMC7600990 DOI: 10.3390/v12101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Host susceptibility according to human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) is widely known for norovirus infection, but is less described for rotavirus. Due to the variable HBGA polymorphism among populations, we aimed to evaluate the association between HBGA phenotypes (ABH, Lewis and secretor status) and susceptibility to rotavirus and norovirus symptomatic infection, and the polymorphisms of FUT2 and FUT3, of children from southeastern Brazil. Paired fecal-buccal specimens from 272 children with acute diarrhea were used to determine rotavirus/norovirus genotypes and HBGAs phenotypes/genotypes, respectively. Altogether, 100 (36.8%) children were infected with rotavirus and norovirus. The rotavirus P[8] genotype predominates (85.7%). Most of the noroviruses (93.8%) belonged to genogroup II (GII). GII.4 Sydney represented 76% (35/46) amongst five other genotypes. Rotavirus and noroviruses infected predominantly children with secretor status (97% and 98.5%, respectively). However, fewer rotavirus-infected children were Lewis-negative (8.6%) than the norovirus-infected ones (18.5%). FUT3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) occurred mostly at the T59G > G508A > T202C > C314T positions. Our results reinforce the current knowledge that secretors are more susceptible to infection by both rotavirus and norovirus than non-secretors. The high rate for Lewis negative (17.1%) and the combination of SNPs, beyond the secretor status, may reflect the highly mixed population in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco André Loureiro Tonini
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Gastroenteritis, Pathology Department, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Maruípe, Vitória 1468, ES, Brazil; (D.M.P.G.B.); (L.B.d.F.S.); (L.P.B.V.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Débora Maria Pires Gonçalves Barreira
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Gastroenteritis, Pathology Department, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Maruípe, Vitória 1468, ES, Brazil; (D.M.P.G.B.); (L.B.d.F.S.); (L.P.B.V.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Luciana Bueno de Freitas Santolin
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Gastroenteritis, Pathology Department, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Maruípe, Vitória 1468, ES, Brazil; (D.M.P.G.B.); (L.B.d.F.S.); (L.P.B.V.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Lays Paula Bondi Volpini
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Gastroenteritis, Pathology Department, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Maruípe, Vitória 1468, ES, Brazil; (D.M.P.G.B.); (L.B.d.F.S.); (L.P.B.V.); (L.C.S.)
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 4365, RJ, Brazil;
| | | | - Jacques Le Pendu
- CRCINA, Inserm, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (B.L.M.-V.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Liliana Cruz Spano
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Gastroenteritis, Pathology Department, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Maruípe, Vitória 1468, ES, Brazil; (D.M.P.G.B.); (L.B.d.F.S.); (L.P.B.V.); (L.C.S.)
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3
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Cantelli CP, Fumian TM, Malta FC, da Cunha DC, Brasil P, Nordgren J, Svensson L, Miagostovich MP, de Moraes MTB, Leite JPG. Norovirus infection and HBGA host genetic susceptibility in a birth community-cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 82:104280. [PMID: 32165242 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Norovirus has emerged as an important viral agent of acute pediatric gastroenteritis, with a growing genetic diversity reported in the last decades. Histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) present on the surface of enterocytes are susceptibility factors for norovirus infection and differ between populations which could affects the epidemiology and evolution of these viruses. This study investigated the frequency, incidence and genetic diversity of noroviruses in a cohort of rotavirus A vaccinated children in association to the host HBGA (Secretor/Lewis) genetic susceptibility profile. Norovirus genogroups I and II (GI/GII) were screened by RT-qPCR in 569 stool samples from 132 children followed-up from birth to 11 months of age during 2014--2018. Noroviruses were identified in 21.2% of children enrolled in this study, with a norovirus detection rate of 5.6% (32/569), in 17.1% and 4.7% of acute diarrheic episodes (ADE) and non-ADE, respectively. The norovirus incidence was 5.8 infections per 100 child-months. Partial nucleotide sequencing characterized six different norovirus genotypes, with GII.4 Sydney 2012 being detected in 50% associated with three different polymerase genotypes (GII·P31, GII·P16 and GII·P4 New Orleans 2009). FUT3 genotyping was yielded seven new mutations in this population. A significant association between symptomatic norovirus infection and secretor profile could be inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Pacheco Cantelli
- Immunobiological Technology Institute/Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Tulio Machado Fumian
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio Correia Malta
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Cotrim da Cunha
- Sérgio Arouca Public Health National School, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svensson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Cantelli CP, Velloso AJ, Assis RMSD, Barros JJ, Mello FCDA, Cunha DCD, Brasil P, Nordgren J, Svensson L, Miagostovich MP, Leite JPG, Moraes MTBD. Rotavirus A shedding and HBGA host genetic susceptibility in a birth community-cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2014-2018. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6965. [PMID: 32332841 PMCID: PMC7181595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have investigated whether the human histo-blood group antigen (HBGAs) could affect the effectiveness of the oral rotavirus vaccines, suggesting secretor positive individuals develop a more robust response. We investigated the Rotavirus A (RVA) shedding in association with the host susceptibility profile in children from a birth community-cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. A total of 132 children were followed-up between 0 to 11-month-old, stool samples were collected before/after the 1st/2nd RV1 vaccination doses and saliva samples were collected during the study. RVA shedding was screened by RT-qPCR and G/P genotypes determined by multiplex RT-PCR and/or Sanger nucleotide sequencing. The sequencing indicated an F167L amino acid change in the RV1 VP8* P[8] in 20.5% of shedding follow-ups and these mutant subpopulations were quantified by pyrosequencing. The HBGA/secretor status was determined and 80.3% of the children were secretors. Twenty-one FUT2 gene SNPs were identified and two new mutations were observed. The mutant F167L RV1 VP8* P[8] was detected significantly more in Le (a+b+) secretors (90.5%) compared to non-secretors and even to secretors Le (a-b+) (9.5%). The study highlights the probable association between RV1 shedding and HBGAs as a marker for evaluating vaccine strain host susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Pacheco Cantelli
- Immunobiological Technology Institute/Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Alvaro Jorge Velloso
- Immunobiological Technology Institute/Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosane Maria Santos de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Júnior Barros
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Cotrim da Cunha
- Sérgio Arouca National School of Public Health, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svensson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ponterio E, Mariotti S, Tabolacci C, Ruggeri FM, Nisini R. Virus like particles of GII.4 norovirus bind Toll Like Receptors 2 and 5. Immunol Lett 2019; 215:40-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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de Moraes MTB, Olivares AIO, Fialho AM, Malta FC, da Silva E Mouta Junior S, de Souza Bispo R, Velloso AJ, Alves Leitão GA, Cantelli CP, Nordgren J, Svenson L, Miagostovich MP, Leite JPG. Phenotyping of Lewis and secretor HBGA from saliva and detection of new FUT2 gene SNPs from young children from the Amazon presenting acute gastroenteritis and respiratory infection. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019; 70:61-66. [PMID: 30790699 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) are host genetic factors associated with susceptibility to rotavirus (RV) and human norovirus (HuNoV), the major etiological agents of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. The FUT2 gene expressing the alpha-1, 2-L- fucosyltransferase enzyme is important for gut HBGA expression, and also provides a composition of the phenotypic profile achieved through mutations occurring in populations with different evolutionary histories; as such, it can be considered a genetic population marker. In this study, Lewis and secretor HBGA phenotyping was performed using 352 saliva samples collected from children between three months and five years old born in the Amazon (Brazil, Venezuela and English Guyana) presenting AGE or acute respiratory infection (ARI), the latter considered as control samples. The total of children phenotyped as secretors was 323, corresponding to 91.80%. From these, 207 (58.80%) had a Le (a + b+) profile. The HBGA profiles were equally found in children with AGE as well as with ARI. The rs1047781 of the FUT2 gene was not detected in DNA from saliva cells with a Le (a+b+) profile. However, mutations not yet described in the FUT2 gene were observed: missense 325A>T, 501C>T, 585C>T, 855A>T and missense substitutions 327C>T [S (Ser) > C (Cys)], 446 T>C [L(Leu) > P(Pro)], 723C>A [N(Asn) > K(Lys)], 724A>T [I(Ile) > F(Phe)], 736C>A [H(His) > N(Asn)]. The SNP distribution in the FUT2 gene of the analyzed samples was very similar to that described in Asian populations, including indigenous tribes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Alberto Ignácio Olivares Olivares
- Federal University of Roraima, Research Center Roraima Health Observatory (ObservaRR), Avenida Capitão Ene Garcês, 2413-Aeroporto, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Madi Fialho
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio Correia Malta
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio da Silva E Mouta Junior
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Romanul de Souza Bispo
- Federal University of Roraima, Research Center Roraima Health Observatory (ObservaRR), Avenida Capitão Ene Garcês, 2413-Aeroporto, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Jorge Velloso
- Department of Viral Vaccines and Department of Quality Control, Immunobiological Technology Institute (BioManguinhos) - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Azevedo Alves Leitão
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carina Pacheco Cantelli
- Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Viral Vaccines and Department of Quality Control, Immunobiological Technology Institute (BioManguinhos) - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svenson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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7
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Molecular epidemiology of noroviruses in children in South Greece, 2013‐2015. J Med Virol 2018; 90:1703-1711. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Makhaola K, Moyo S, Lechiile K, Goldfarb DM, Kebaabetswe LP. Genetic and epidemiological analysis of norovirus from children with gastroenteritis in Botswana, 2013-2015. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:246. [PMID: 29848303 PMCID: PMC5975618 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Norovirus is a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide with a peak of disease seen in children. The epidemiological analysis regarding the virus strains in Africa is limited. The first report of norovirus in Botswana was in 2010 and currently, the prevalence and circulating genotypes of norovirus are unknown, as the country has no systems to report the norovirus cases. This study investigated the prevalence, patterns and molecular characteristics of norovirus infections among children ≤5 years of age admitted with acute gastroenteritis at four hospitals in Botswana. Methods A total of 484 faecal samples were collected from children who were admitted with acute gastroenteritis during the rotavirus vaccine impact survey between July 2013 and December 2015. Norovirus was detected using real-time RT-PCR. Positive samples were genotyped using conventional RT-PCR followed by partial sequencing of the capsid and RdRp genes. Norovirus strains were determined by nucleotide sequence analysis using the online Norovirus Genotyping Tool Version 1.0, and confirmed using maximum likelihood tree construction as implemented in MEGA 6.0. Results The prevalence of norovirus was 9.3% (95% CI 6.7–11.9). The genotype diversity was dominated by the GII.4 strain at 69.7%. This was followed by GII.2, GII.12 each at 9.1%, GI.9 at 6.6% and GII.6, GII.10 each at 3.0%. The most common combined RdRp/Capsid genotype was the GII.Pe/GII.4 Sydney 2012. Norovirus was detected during most part of the year; however, there was a preponderance of cases in the wet season (December to March). Conclusion The study showed a possible decline of norovirus infections in the last 10 years since the first report. An upward trend seen between 2013 and 2015 may be attributable to the success of rotavirus vaccine introductions in 2012. Knowledge of circulating genotypes, seasonal trends and overall prevalence is critical for prevention programming and possible future vaccine design implications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3157-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kgomotso Makhaola
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 16, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Sikhulile Moyo
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.,Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David M Goldfarb
- Botswana-UPenn Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.,Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lemme P Kebaabetswe
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 16, Palapye, Botswana.
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Teixeira DM, Spada PKDP, Morais LLCDS, Fumian TM, Lima ICGD, Oliveira DDS, Bandeira RDS, Gurjão TCM, Sousa MSD, Mascarenhas JDP, Gabbay YB. Norovirus genogroups I and II in environmental water samples from Belém city, Northern Brazil. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2017; 15:163-174. [PMID: 28151449 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2016.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the presence of norovirus (NoV) GI and GII in environmental samples from the northern region of Brazil. Water samples were collected monthly (November 2008/October 2010) from different sources and sewage and concentrated by the adsorption-elution method. The NoV investigation used molecular methods followed by sequencing reactions. The general positivity for NoV was 33.9% (57/168). Considering the results obtained only in the semi-nested RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and only in the TaqMan® real-time PCR, the rates were 26.8% (45/168) and 27.4% (46/168), respectively, being for NoV GI 22.2% (10/45) and 19.6% (9/46); for GII 17.8% (8/45) and 15.2% (7/46); and for GI + GII 60% (27/45) and 65.2% (30/46), respectively. Different GI (GI.1, GI.4, GI.7 and GI.8) and GII (GII.4, GII.6, GII.9, GII.12 and GII.14) genotypes were detected. These results demonstrated the NoV was disseminated in the waters of Belém city due to a lack of sanitation that allowed the discharge of contaminated effluents into these aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dielle Monteiro Teixeira
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Para State, Av. Generalissimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, Belém, Para, Brazil E-mail: ; Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA CEP 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Paula Katharine de Pontes Spada
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA CEP 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Lena Líllian Canto de Sá Morais
- Environment Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Tulio Machado Fumian
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ian Carlos Gomes de Lima
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA CEP 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Darleise de Souza Oliveira
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA CEP 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Renato da Silva Bandeira
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA CEP 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Tereza Cristina Monteiro Gurjão
- Environment Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Maísa Silva de Sousa
- Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Para State, Av. Generalissimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, Belém, Para, Brazil
| | - Joana D'Arc Pereira Mascarenhas
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA CEP 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Yvone Benchimol Gabbay
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Br. 316 Km 07 S/N, Levilandia, Ananindeua, PA CEP 67030-000, Brazil
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Dábilla N, Nunes Vieira Almeida T, Carvalho Rebouças Oliveira A, Kipnis A, Neres Silva T, Souza Fiaccadori F, Teixeira de Sousa T, de Paula Cardoso DDD, Souza M. Norovirus in feces and nasopharyngeal swab of children with and without acute gastroenteritis symptoms: First report of GI.5 in Brazil and GI.3 in nasopharyngeal swab. J Clin Virol 2017; 87:60-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Hoa-Tran TN, Nakagomi O, Dao ATH, Nguyen AT, Agbemabiese CA, Vu HM, Nakagomi T, Thanh NTH. Molecular epidemiology of noroviruses detected in Vietnamese children with acute gastroenteritis from 2012 to 2015. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:34-45. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. N. Hoa-Tran
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - O. Nakagomi
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - A. T. H. Dao
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - A. T. Nguyen
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - C. A. Agbemabiese
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H. M. Vu
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T. Nakagomi
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - N. T. H. Thanh
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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12
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da Silva Poló T, Peiró JR, Mendes LCN, Ludwig LF, de Oliveira-Filho EF, Bucardo F, Huynen P, Melin P, Thiry E, Mauroy A. Human norovirus infection in Latin America. J Clin Virol 2016; 78:111-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Norovirus, an RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae, is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. Several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. In this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infection and its diagnosis and management, as well as host and pathogen factors that complicate vaccine development. Additionally, we discuss overall epidemiology, infection control strategies, and global reporting efforts aimed at controlling this worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis. Prompt implementation of infection control measures remains the mainstay of norovirus outbreak management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Robilotti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stan Deresinski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Benjamin A Pinsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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14
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Lemes LGN, Corrêa TS, Fiaccadori FS, Cardoso DDDDP, Arantes ADM, Souza KMC, Souza M. Prospective study on Norovirus infection among allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: prolonged viral excretion and viral RNA in the blood. J Clin Virol 2014; 61:329-33. [PMID: 25171964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human caliciviruses (Norovirus and Sapovirus) are important acute gastroenteritis agents. The Norovirus (NoV) disease is usually self-limited; however, prolonged viral excretion and complications have been reported, mainly in immunosuppressed individuals. OBJECTIVES In this prospective study, we have monitored allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT) patients for human calicivirus infection. STUDY DESIGN Ten ASCT patients were monitored for NoV and sapoviruses (SaV) infection, for a period of five months to a maximum of one year. Prolonged NoV excretion and long term viral RNA in the blood were assessed by multiplex RT-PCR targeting region C of the viral capsid. Secretor status of the patients was determined by enzyme immunoassay using Ulex Europaeus agglutinin. Partial genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed to characterize the viral genotypes. RESULTS NoV was detected in six out of ten patients (60%). Prolonged viral excretion in feces (mean of 61.6 days) and long term presence of NoV RNA in the sera (mean of 33.6 days) of the patients were observed. SaV was not detected in any of the samples. All patients had diarrhea, vomiting and fever during NoV positivity. All NoV-positive samples were characterized as GI.3 NoV. Three Nov-infected patients presented with acute intestinal graft versus host disease. CONCLUSIONS This study brings important information on NoV course of infection in ASCT patients. It also provides evidence for long term viral RNA in the blood highlighting the importance of the inclusion of NoV screening in the routine testing performed before transplantation and during follow-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Santos Corrêa
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Souza Fiaccadori
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Keili Maria Cardoso Souza
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | - Menira Souza
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil.
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15
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Temporal dynamics of norovirus GII.4 variants in Brazil between 2004 and 2012. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92988. [PMID: 24667283 PMCID: PMC3965504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Noroviruses (NoVs) are the major cause of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks, and, despite a wide genetic diversity, genotype II.4 is the most prevalent strain worldwide. Mutations and homologous recombination have been proposed as mechanisms driving the epochal evolution of the GII.4, with the emergence of new variants in 1–3-year intervals causing global epidemics. There are no data reporting the dynamics of GII.4 variants along a specific period in Brazil. Therefore, to improve the understanding of the comportment of these variants in the country, the aim of this study was to evaluate the circulation of NoV GII.4 variants during a 9-year period in 3 out of 5 Brazilian regions. A total of 147 samples were sequenced, and a phylogenetic analysis of subdomain P2 demonstrated the circulation of six GII.4 variants, Asia_2003, Hunter_2004, Den Haag_2006b, Yerseke_2006a, New Orleans_2009, and Sydney_2012, during this period. The most prevalent variant was Den Haag_2006b, circulating in different Brazilian regions from 2006 to 2011. A Bayesian coalescent analysis was used to calculate the mean evolutionary rate of subdomain P2 as 7.3×10−3 (5.85×10−3–8.82×10−3) subst./site/year. These analyses also demonstrated that clade Den Haag_2006b experienced a rapid expansion in 2005 and another in 2008 after a period of decay. The evaluation of the temporal dynamics of NoV GII.4 in Brazil revealed a similar pattern, with few exceptions, to the worldwide observation. These data highlight the importance of surveillance for monitoring the emergence of new strains of NoV GII.4 and its impact on cases of acute gastroenteritis.
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Structural analysis of determinants of histo-blood group antigen binding specificity in genogroup I noroviruses. J Virol 2014; 88:6168-80. [PMID: 24648450 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00201-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human noroviruses (NoVs) cause acute epidemic gastroenteritis. Susceptibility to the majority of NoV infections is determined by genetically controlled secretor-dependent expression of histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), which are also critical for NoV attachment to host cells. Human NoVs are classified into two major genogroups (genogroup I [GI] and GII), with each genogroup further divided into several genotypes. GII NoVs are more prevalent and exhibit periodic emergence of new variants, suggested to be driven by altered HBGA binding specificities and antigenic drift. Recent epidemiological studies show increased activity among GI NoVs, with some members showing the ability to bind nonsecretor HBGAs. NoVs bind HBGAs through the protruding (P) domain of the major capsid protein VP1. GI NoVs, similar to GII, exhibit significant sequence variations in the P domain; it is unclear how these variations affect HBGA binding specificities. To understand the determinants of possible strain-specific HBGA binding among GI NoVs, we determined the structure of the P domain of a GI.7 clinical isolate and compared it to the previously determined P domain structures of GI.1 and GI.2 strains. Our crystallographic studies revealed significant structural differences, particularly in the loop regions of the GI.7 P domain, altering its surface topography and electrostatic landscape and potentially indicating antigenic variation. The GI.7 strain bound to H- and A-type, Lewis secretor, and Lewis nonsecretor families of HBGAs, allowing us to further elucidate the structural determinants of nonsecretor HBGA binding among GI NoVs and to infer several contrasting and generalizable features of HBGA binding in the GI NoVs. IMPORTANCE Human noroviruses (NoVs) cause acute epidemic gastroenteritis. Recent epidemiological studies have shown increased prevalence of genogroup I (GI) NoVs. Although secretor-positive status is strongly correlated with NoV infection, cases of NoV infection associated with secretor-negative individuals are reported. Biochemical studies have shown that GI NoVs exhibit genotype-dependent binding to nonsecretor histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). From our crystallographic studies of a GI.7 NoV, in comparison with previous studies on GI.1 and GI.2 NoVs, we show that genotypic differences translate to extensive structural changes in the loop regions that significantly alter the surface topography and electrostatic landscape of the P domain; these features may be indicative of antigenic variations contributing to serotypic differentiation in GI NoVs and also differential modulation of the HBGA binding characteristics. A significant finding is that the threshold length and the structure of one of the loops are critical determinants in the binding of GI NoVs to nonsecretor HBGAs.
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