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Flosdorf N, Böhnke J, de Toledo MAS, Lutterbach N, Lerma VG, Graßhoff M, Olschok K, Gupta S, Tharmapalan V, Schmitz S, Götz K, Schüler HM, Maurer A, Sontag S, Küstermann C, Seré K, Wagner W, Costa IG, Brümmendorf TH, Koschmieder S, Chatain N, Castilho M, Schneider RK, Zenke M. Proinflammatory phenotype of iPS cell-derived JAK2 V617F megakaryocytes induces fibrosis in 3D in vitro bone marrow niche. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:224-238. [PMID: 38278152 PMCID: PMC10874863 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The myeloproliferative disease polycythemia vera (PV) driven by the JAK2 V617F mutation can transform into myelofibrosis (post-PV-MF). It remains an open question how JAK2 V617F in hematopoietic stem cells induces MF. Megakaryocytes are major players in murine PV models but are difficult to study in the human setting. We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from JAK2 V617F PV patients and differentiated them into megakaryocytes. In differentiation assays, JAK2 V617F iPSCs recapitulated the pathognomonic skewed megakaryocytic and erythroid differentiation. JAK2 V617F iPSCs had a TPO-independent and increased propensity to differentiate into megakaryocytes. RNA sequencing of JAK2 V617F iPSC-derived megakaryocytes reflected a proinflammatory, profibrotic phenotype and decreased ribosome biogenesis. In three-dimensional (3D) coculture, JAK2 V617F megakaryocytes induced a profibrotic phenotype through direct cell contact, which was reversed by the JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. The 3D coculture system opens the perspective for further disease modeling and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas Flosdorf
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Janik Böhnke
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcelo A S de Toledo
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Niklas Lutterbach
- Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vanesa Gómez Lerma
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Graßhoff
- Institute of Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Olschok
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Siddharth Gupta
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vithurithra Tharmapalan
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Institute for Stem Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Schmitz
- Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katrin Götz
- Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Herdit M Schüler
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Faculty, and University Hospital Düsseldorf Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela Maurer
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sontag
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Caroline Küstermann
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristin Seré
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Institute for Stem Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G Costa
- Institute of Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Chatain
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Rebekka K Schneider
- Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
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Tatwavedi D, Pellagatti A, Boultwood J. Recent advances in the application of induced pluripotent stem cell technology to the study of myeloid malignancies. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 91:100993. [PMID: 37827894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Acquired myeloid malignancies are a spectrum of clonal disorders known to be caused by sequential acquisition of genetic lesions in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, leading to their aberrant self-renewal and differentiation. The increasing use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to study myeloid malignancies has helped usher a paradigm shift in approaches to disease modeling and drug discovery, especially when combined with gene-editing technology. The process of reprogramming allows for the capture of the diversity of genetic lesions and mutational burden found in primary patient samples into individual stable iPSC lines. Patient-derived iPSC lines, owing to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity, can thus be a homogenous source of disease relevant material that allow for the study of disease pathogenesis using various functional read-outs. Furthermore, genome editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 enable the study of the stepwise progression from normal to malignant hematopoiesis through the introduction of specific driver mutations, individually or in combination, to create isogenic lines for comparison. In this review, we survey the current use of iPSCs to model acquired myeloid malignancies including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), acute myeloid leukemia and MDS/MPN overlap syndromes. The use of iPSCs has enabled the interrogation of the underlying mechanism of initiation and progression driving these diseases. It has also made drug testing, repurposing, and the discovery of novel therapies for these diseases possible in a high throughput setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharamveer Tatwavedi
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Andrea Pellagatti
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Andrews C, Conneally E, Langabeer SE. Molecular diagnostic criteria of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:1077-1090. [PMID: 37999991 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2277370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell neoplasms characterized by the driver mutations JAK2, CALR, and MPL. These mutations cause constitutive activation of JAK-STAT signaling, which is central to pathogenesis of MPNs. Next-generation sequencing has further expanded the molecular landscape allowing for improved diagnostics, prognostication, and targeted therapy. AREAS COVERED This review aims to address current understanding of the molecular diagnosis of MPN not only through improved awareness of the driver mutations but also the disease modifying mutations. In addition, other genetic factors such as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), order of mutation, and mutation co-occurrence are discussed and how these factors influence disease initiation and ultimately progression. How this molecular information is incorporated into risk stratification models allowing for earlier intervention and targeted therapy in the future will be addressed further. EXPERT OPINION The genomic landscape of the MPN has evolved in the last 15 years with integration of next-generation sequencing becoming the gold standard of MPN management. Although diagnostics and prognostication have become more personalized, additional studies are required to translate these molecular findings into targeted therapy therefore improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Andrews
- Department of Haematology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Establishment of isogenic induced pluripotent stem cells with or without pathogenic mutation for understanding the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Exp Hematol 2023; 118:12-20. [PMID: 36511286 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Identification and functional characterization of disease-associated genetic traits are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies. Various in vitro and in vivo models, including cell lines, primary cells, and animal models, have been established to examine these genetic alterations. However, their nonphysiologic conditions, diverse genetic backgrounds, and species-specific differences often limit data interpretation. To evaluate somatic mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), we used CRISPR/Cas9 combined with the piggyBac transposon system to establish isogenic induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell lines with or without JAK2V617F mutation, a driver mutation of MPNs. We induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from these iPS cells and observed phenotypic differences during hematopoiesis using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. HSPCs with pathogenic mutations exhibited cell-autonomous erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis, which are hallmarks in the bone marrow of patients with MPNs. Furthermore, we used these HSPCs as a model to validate therapeutic compounds and showed that interferon alpha selectively inhibited erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis in mutant HSPCs. These results demonstrate that genome editing is feasible for establishing isogenic iPS cells, studying genetic elements to understand the pathogenesis of MPNs, and evaluating therapeutic compounds against MPNs.
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Molecular Pathogenesis of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: From Molecular Landscape to Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094573. [PMID: 35562964 PMCID: PMC9100530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite distinct clinical entities, the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) share morphological similarities, propensity to thrombotic events and leukemic evolution, and a complex molecular pathogenesis. Well-known driver mutations, JAK2, MPL and CALR, determining constitutive activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway are the hallmark of MPN pathogenesis. Recent data in MPN patients identified the presence of co-occurrence somatic mutations associated with epigenetic regulation, messenger RNA splicing, transcriptional mechanism, signal transduction, and DNA repair mechanism. The integration of genetic information within clinical setting is already improving patient management in terms of disease monitoring and prognostic information on disease progression. Even the current therapeutic approaches are limited in disease-modifying activity, the expanding insight into the genetic basis of MPN poses novel candidates for targeted therapeutic approaches. This review aims to explore the molecular landscape of MPN, providing a comprehensive overview of the role of drive mutations and additional mutations, their impact on pathogenesis as well as their prognostic value, and how they may have future implications in therapeutic management.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Tool for Modeling Hematologic Disorders and as a Potential Source for Cell-Based Therapies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113250. [PMID: 34831472 PMCID: PMC8623953 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The breakthrough in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has revolutionized the field of biomedical and pharmaceutical research and opened up vast opportunities for drug discovery and regenerative medicine, especially when combined with gene-editing technology. Numerous healthy and patient-derived hiPSCs for human disease modeling have been established, enabling mechanistic studies of pathogenesis, platforms for preclinical drug screening, and the development of novel therapeutic targets/approaches. Additionally, hiPSCs hold great promise for cell-based therapy, serving as an attractive cell source for generating stem/progenitor cells or functional differentiated cells for degenerative diseases, due to their unlimited proliferative capacity, pluripotency, and ethical acceptability. In this review, we provide an overview of hiPSCs and their utility in the study of hematologic disorders through hematopoietic differentiation. We highlight recent hereditary and acquired genetic hematologic disease modeling with patient-specific iPSCs, and discuss their applications as instrumental drug screening tools. The clinical applications of hiPSCs in cell-based therapy, including the next-generation cancer immunotherapy, are provided. Lastly, we discuss the current challenges that need to be addressed to fulfill the validity of hiPSC-based disease modeling and future perspectives of hiPSCs in the field of hematology.
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CAMK2G is identified as a novel therapeutic target for myelofibrosis. Blood Adv 2021; 6:1585-1597. [PMID: 34521112 PMCID: PMC8905705 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although JAK1/2 inhibition is effective into alleviating symptoms of myelofibrosis (MF), it does not result in the eradication of MF clones, which can lead to inhibitor-resistant clones emerging during the treatment. Here we established iPS cells derived from MF patient samples (MF-iPSCs) harboring JAK2 V617F, CALR type 1, or CALR type 2 mutations. We demonstrated that these cells faithfully recapitulate the drug sensitivity of the disease. These cells were utilized for chemical screening and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CAMK2) was identified as a promising therapeutic target. MF model cells and mice induced by MPL W515L, another type of mutations recurrently detected in MF patients were used to elucidate the therapeutic potential of CAMK2 inhibition. CAMK2 inhibition was effective against JAK2 inhibitor-sensitive and JAK2 inhibitor-resistant cells. Further research revealed CAMK2 gamma subtype was important in MF model cells induced by MPL W515L. We showed that CAMK2G hetero knockout in the primary bone marrow cells expressing MPL W515Ldecreased colony-forming capacity. CAMK2G inhibition with berbamine, a CAMK2G inhibitor, significantly prolonged survival and reduced disease phenotypes such as splenomegaly and leukocytosis in a MF mouse model induced by MPL W515L. We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of CAMK2G inhibition and found that CAMK2G is activated by MPL signaling in MF model cells and is an effector in the MPL-JAK2 signaling pathway in these cells. These results indicate CAMK2G plays an important role in MF, and CAMK2G inhibition may be a novel therapeutic strategy that overcomes resistance to JAK1/2 inhibition.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Enable Disease Modeling and Drug Screening in Calreticulin del52 and ins5 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Hemasphere 2021; 5:e593. [PMID: 34131633 PMCID: PMC8196125 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the calreticulin (CALR) gene are seen in about 30% of essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis patients. To address the contribution of the human CALR mutants to the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) in an endogenous context, we modeled the CALRdel52 and CALRins5 mutants by induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology using CD34+ progenitors from 4 patients. We describe here the generation of several clones of iPSC carrying heterozygous CALRdel52 or CALRins5 mutations. We showed that CALRdel52 induces a stronger increase in progenitors than CALRins5 and that both CALRdel52 and CALRins5 mutants favor an expansion of the megakaryocytic lineage. Moreover, we found that both CALRdel52 and CALRins5 mutants rendered colony forming unit–megakaryocyte (CFU-MK) independent from thrombopoietin (TPO), and promoted a mild constitutive activation level of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in megakaryocytes. Unexpectedly, a mild increase in the sensitivity of colony forming unit-granulocyte (CFU-G) to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor was also observed in iPSC CALRdel52 and CALRins5 compared with control iPSC. Moreover, CALRdel52-induced megakaryocytic spontaneous growth is more dependent on Janus kinase 2/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase than TPO-mediated growth and opens a therapeutic window for treatments in CALR-mutated MPN. The iPSC models described here represent an interesting platform for testing newly developed inhibitors. Altogether, this study shows that CALR-mutated iPSC recapitulate MPN phenotypes in vitro and may be used for drug screening.
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Nilsri N, Jangprasert P, Pawinwongchai J, Israsena N, Rojnuckarin P. Distinct effects of V617F and exon12-mutated JAK2 expressions on erythropoiesis in a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5255. [PMID: 33664283 PMCID: PMC7933160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations affecting the JAK-STAT signal transduction is the genetic driver of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) which comprise polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and myelofibrosis. The JAK2p.V617F mutation can produce both erythrocytosis in PV and thrombocytosis in ET, while JAK2 exon 12 mutations cause only erythrocytosis. We hypothesized that these two mutations activated different intracellular signals. In this study, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were used to model JAK2-mutated MPNs. Normal iPSCs underwent lentiviral transduction to overexpress JAK2p.V617F or JAK2p.N542_E543del (JAK2exon12) under a doxycycline-inducible system. The modified iPSCs were differentiated into erythroid cells. Compared with JAK2V617F-iPSCs, JAK2exon12-iPSCs yielded more total CD71+GlycophorinA+ erythroid cells, displayed more mature morphology and expressed more adult hemoglobin after doxycycline induction. Capillary Western immunoassay revealed significantly higher phospho-STAT1 but lower phospho-STAT3 and lower Phospho-AKT in JAK2exon12-iPSCs compared with those of JAK2V617F-iPSCs in response to erythropoietin. Furthermore, interferon alpha and arsenic trioxide were tested on these modified iPSCs to explore their potentials for MPN therapy. Both agents preferentially inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of the iPSCs expressing mutant JAK2 compared with those without doxycycline induction. In conclusion, the modified iPSC model can be used to investigate the mechanisms and search for new therapy of MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nungruthai Nilsri
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Panchalee Jangprasert
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nipan Israsena
- Stem Cell and Cell Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ponlapat Rojnuckarin
- Research Unit in Translational Hematology, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Reilly A, Doulatov S. Induced pluripotent stem cell models of myeloid malignancies and clonal evolution. Stem Cell Res 2021; 52:102195. [PMID: 33592565 PMCID: PMC10115516 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of cells from patients with genetic disorders to pluripotency is a promising avenue to understanding disease biology. A number of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models of inherited monogenic blood disorders have been reported over the past decade. However, the application of iPSCs for modeling of hematological malignancies has only recently been explored. Blood malignancies comprise a spectrum of genetically heterogeneous disorders marked by the acquisition of somatic mutations and chromosomal aberrations. This genetic heterogeneity presents unique challenges for iPSC modeling, but also opportunities to capture genetically distinct states and generate models of stepwise progression from normal to malignant hematopoiesis. Here we briefly review the current state of this field, highlighting current models of acquired pre-malignant and malignant blood disorders and clonal evolution, and challenges including barriers to reprogramming and differentiation of iPSCs into bona fide hematopoietic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Reilly
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Sergei Doulatov
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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Kim J. Cellular reprogramming to model and study epigenetic alterations in cancer. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102062. [PMID: 33202305 PMCID: PMC7768185 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular reprogramming to model human cancer. Cellular reprogramming to rewire epigenetic alterations in human cancer. Selective reactivation of malignancy in the cell lineage cancer is originated. Cellular reprogramming to recapitulate human cancer progression.
Although genetic mutations are required for cancer development, reversible non-genetic alterations also play a pivotal role in cancer progression. Failure of well-orchestrated gene regulation by chromatin states and master transcription factors can be one such non-genetic etiology for cancer development. Master transcription factor-mediated cellular reprogramming of human cancer cells allows us to model cancer progression. Here I cover the history and recent advances in reprogramming cancer cells, followed by lessons from cellular reprogramming of normal cells that may apply to cancer. Lastly, I share my perspective on cellular reprogramming for studying epigenetic alterations that have occurred in tumorigenesis, discuss the current limitations, and propose ways to overcome the obstacles in the reprogramming of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungsun Kim
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute (Cancer Biology Research Program), Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, KCRB 5001.51, 2720 SW Moody Ave., Portland, OR 97201, United States.
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12
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Ebrahimi M, Forouzesh M, Raoufi S, Ramazii M, Ghaedrahmati F, Farzaneh M. Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into erythroid cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 33198819 PMCID: PMC7667818 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last years, several strategies have been made to obtain mature erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBC) from the bone marrow or umbilical cord blood (UCB). However, UCB-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are a limited source and in vitro large-scale expansion of RBC from HSC remains problematic. One promising alternative can be human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) that provide an unlimited source of cells. Human PSCs, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are self-renewing progenitors that can be differentiated to lineages of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Several previous studies have revealed that human ESCs can differentiate into functional oxygen-carrying erythrocytes; however, the ex vivo expansion of human ESC-derived RBC is subjected to ethical concerns. Human iPSCs can be a suitable therapeutic choice for the in vitro/ex vivo manufacture of RBCs. Reprogramming of human somatic cells through the ectopic expression of the transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC, LIN28, and NANOG) has provided a new avenue for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. Various techniques have been developed to generate enucleated RBCs from human iPSCs. The in vitro production of human iPSC-derived RBCs can be an alternative treatment option for patients with blood disorders. In this review, we focused on the generation of human iPSC-derived erythrocytes to present an overview of the current status and applications of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ebrahimi
- Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Forouzesh
- Legal Medicine Organization of Iran, Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Raoufi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramazii
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences, University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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13
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Donada A, Basso-Valentina F, Arkoun B, Monte-Mor B, Plo I, Raslova H. Induced pluripotent stem cells and hematological malignancies: A powerful tool for disease modeling and drug development. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102060. [PMID: 33142254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The derivation of human pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines by in vitro reprogramming of somatic cells revolutionized research: iPSCs have been used for disease modeling, drug screening and regenerative medicine for many disorders, especially when combined with cutting-edge genome editing technologies. In hematology, malignant transformation is often a multi-step process, that starts with either germline or acquired genetic alteration, followed by progressive acquisition of mutations combined with the selection of one or more pre-existing clones. iPSCs are an excellent model to study the cooperation between different genetic alterations and to test relevant therapeutic drugs. In this review, we will describe the use of iPSCs for pathophysiological studies and drug testing in inherited and acquired hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Donada
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - F Basso-Valentina
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - B Arkoun
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - B Monte-Mor
- Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - I Plo
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France
| | - H Raslova
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.
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14
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MPN: The Molecular Drivers of Disease Initiation, Progression and Transformation and their Effect on Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081901. [PMID: 32823933 PMCID: PMC7465511 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) constitute a group of disorders identified by an overproduction of cells derived from myeloid lineage. The majority of MPNs have an identifiable driver mutation responsible for cytokine-independent proliferative signalling. The acquisition of coexisting mutations in chromatin modifiers, spliceosome complex components, DNA methylation modifiers, tumour suppressors and transcriptional regulators have been identified as major pathways for disease progression and leukemic transformation. They also confer different sensitivities to therapeutic options. This review will explore the molecular basis of MPN pathogenesis and specifically examine the impact of coexisting mutations on disease biology and therapeutic options.
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15
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Modeling Leukemia with Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2019; 9:cshperspect.a034868. [PMID: 31451537 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a034868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The reprogramming of human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) a little over a decade ago raised exciting prospects to transform the study and potentially also the therapy of human diseases. iPSC models have now been created for a multitude of hematologic diseases, including malignancies. Here we discuss practical aspects of iPSC modeling of malignant diseases, review recent studies, and discuss the new opportunities that iPSC models offer, as well as their current limitations and prospects for future development.
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16
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Experimental Modeling of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100813. [PMID: 31618985 PMCID: PMC6826898 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are genetically very complex and heterogeneous diseases in which the acquisition of a somatic driver mutation triggers three main myeloid cytokine receptors, and phenotypically expresses as polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The course of the diseases may be influenced by germline predispositions, modifying mutations, their order of acquisition and environmental factors such as aging and inflammation. Deciphering these contributory elements, their mutual interrelationships, and their contribution to MPN pathogenesis brings important insights into the diseases. Animal models (mainly mouse and zebrafish) have already significantly contributed to understanding the role of several acquired and germline mutations in MPN oncogenic signaling. Novel technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and precise genome editing (using CRISPR/Cas9) contribute to the emerging understanding of MPN pathogenesis and clonal architecture, and form a convenient platform for evaluating drug efficacy. In this overview, the genetic landscape of MPN is briefly described, with an attempt to cover the main discoveries of the last 15 years. Mouse and zebrafish models of the driver mutations are discussed and followed by a review of recent progress in modeling MPN with patient-derived iPSCs and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.
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17
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Georgomanoli M, Papapetrou EP. Modeling blood diseases with human induced pluripotent stem cells. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:12/6/dmm039321. [PMID: 31171568 PMCID: PMC6602313 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.039321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from somatic cells through a reprogramming process, which converts them to a pluripotent state, akin to that of embryonic stem cells. Over the past decade, iPSC models have found increasing applications in the study of human diseases, with blood disorders featuring prominently. Here, we discuss methodological aspects pertaining to iPSC generation, hematopoietic differentiation and gene editing, and provide an overview of uses of iPSCs in modeling the cell and gene therapy of inherited genetic blood disorders, as well as their more recent use as models of myeloid malignancies. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of iPSCs compared to model organisms and other cellular systems commonly used in hematology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Georgomanoli
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eirini P Papapetrou
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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18
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Recent Updates on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Hematological Disorders. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5171032. [PMID: 31191673 PMCID: PMC6525795 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5171032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, enormous progress has been made in the field of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Patients' somatic cells such as skin fibroblasts or blood cells can be used to generate disease-specific pluripotent stem cells, which have unlimited proliferation and can differentiate into all cell types of the body. Human iPSCs offer great promises and opportunities for treatments of degenerative diseases and studying disease pathology and drug screening. So far, many iPSC-derived disease models have led to the discovery of novel pathological mechanisms as well as new drugs in the pipeline that have been tested in the iPSC-derived cells for efficacy and potential toxicities. Furthermore, recent advances in genome editing technology in combination with the iPSC technology have provided a versatile platform for studying stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. In this review, an overview of iPSCs, patient-specific iPSCs for disease modeling and drug screening, applications of iPSCs and genome editing technology in hematological disorders, remaining challenges, and future perspectives of iPSCs in hematological diseases will be discussed.
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19
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Dolatshad H, Tatwavedi D, Ahmed D, Tegethoff JF, Boultwood J, Pellagatti A. Application of induced pluripotent stem cell technology for the investigation of hematological disorders. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 71:19-33. [PMID: 30341008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were first described over a decade ago and are currently used in various basic biology and clinical research fields. Recent advances in the field of human iPSCs have opened the way to a better understanding of the biology of human diseases. Disease-specific iPSCs provide an unparalleled opportunity to establish novel human cell-based disease models, with the potential to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying human malignancies, and to accelerate the identification of effective new drugs. When combined with genome editing technologies, iPSCs represent a new approach to study single or multiple disease-causing mutations and model specific diseases in vitro. In addition, genetically corrected patient-specific iPSCs could potentially be used for stem cell based therapy. Furthermore, the reprogrammed cells share patient-specific genetic background, offering a new platform to develop personalized therapy/medicine for patients. In this review we discuss the recent advances in iPSC research technology and their potential applications in hematological diseases. Somatic cell reprogramming has presented new routes for generating patient-derived iPSCs, which can be differentiated to hematopoietic stem cells and the various downstream hematopoietic lineages. iPSC technology shows promise in the modeling of both inherited and acquired hematological disorders. A direct reprogramming and differentiation strategy is able to recapitulate hematological disorder progression and capture the earliest molecular alterations that underlie the initiation of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Dolatshad
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Dharamveer Tatwavedi
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Doaa Ahmed
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK; Clinical Pathology Department, Assiut University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Jana F Tegethoff
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Pellagatti
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK.
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20
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Kim H, Schaniel C. Modeling Hematological Diseases and Cancer With Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2243. [PMID: 30323816 PMCID: PMC6172418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) together with recent advances in genome editing, microphysiological systems, tissue engineering and xenograft models present new opportunities for the investigation of hematological diseases and cancer in a patient-specific context. Here we review the progress in the field and discuss the advantages, limitations, and challenges of iPSC-based malignancy modeling. We will also discuss the use of iPSCs and its derivatives as cellular sources for drug target identification, drug development and evaluation of pharmacological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huensuk Kim
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christoph Schaniel
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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21
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Takei H, Edahiro Y, Mano S, Masubuchi N, Mizukami Y, Imai M, Morishita S, Misawa K, Ochiai T, Tsuneda S, Endo H, Nakamura S, Eto K, Ohsaka A, Araki M, Komatsu N. Skewed megakaryopoiesis in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived haematopoietic progenitor cells harbouring calreticulin mutations. Br J Haematol 2018; 181:791-802. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Takei
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoko Edahiro
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Shuichi Mano
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience; Waseda University Graduate School; Tokyo Japan
| | - Nami Masubuchi
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
- Research Institute for Disease of Old Age; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Mizukami
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
- Centre for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Misa Imai
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Soji Morishita
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Stem Cell Regulation; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kyohei Misawa
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomonori Ochiai
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoshi Tsuneda
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience; Waseda University Graduate School; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Endo
- Department of Clinical Application; CiRA, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Sou Nakamura
- Department of Clinical Application; CiRA, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Koji Eto
- Department of Clinical Application; CiRA, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Akimichi Ohsaka
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Stem Cell Regulation; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Marito Araki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Stem Cell Regulation; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Norio Komatsu
- Department of Haematology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
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22
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Doulatov S, Vo LT, Macari ER, Wahlster L, Kinney MA, Taylor AM, Barragan J, Gupta M, McGrath K, Lee HY, Humphries JM, DeVine A, Narla A, Alter BP, Beggs AH, Agarwal S, Ebert BL, Gazda HT, Lodish HF, Sieff CA, Schlaeger TM, Zon LI, Daley GQ. Drug discovery for Diamond-Blackfan anemia using reprogrammed hematopoietic progenitors. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:9/376/eaah5645. [PMID: 28179501 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aah5645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital disorder characterized by the failure of erythroid progenitor differentiation, severely curtailing red blood cell production. Because many DBA patients fail to respond to corticosteroid therapy, there is considerable need for therapeutics for this disorder. Identifying therapeutics for DBA requires circumventing the paucity of primary patient blood stem and progenitor cells. To this end, we adopted a reprogramming strategy to generate expandable hematopoietic progenitor cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from DBA patients. Reprogrammed DBA progenitors recapitulate defects in erythroid differentiation, which were rescued by gene complementation. Unbiased chemical screens identified SMER28, a small-molecule inducer of autophagy, which enhanced erythropoiesis in a range of in vitro and in vivo models of DBA. SMER28 acted through autophagy factor ATG5 to stimulate erythropoiesis and up-regulate expression of globin genes. These findings present an unbiased drug screen for hematological disease using iPSCs and identify autophagy as a therapeutic pathway in DBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Doulatov
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Linda T Vo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Macari
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lara Wahlster
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Melissa A Kinney
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alison M Taylor
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jessica Barragan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manav Gupta
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine McGrath
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hsiang-Ying Lee
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jessica M Humphries
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alex DeVine
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anupama Narla
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Blanche P Alter
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Suneet Agarwal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hanna T Gazda
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harvey F Lodish
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Colin A Sieff
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thorsten M Schlaeger
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. .,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. .,Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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23
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Nangalia J, Grinfeld J, Green AR. Pathogenesis of Myeloproliferative Disorders. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2017; 11:101-26. [PMID: 27193452 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a set of chronic hematopoietic neoplasms with overlapping clinical and molecular features. Recent years have witnessed considerable advances in our understanding of their pathogenetic basis. Due to their protracted clinical course, the evolution to advanced hematological malignancies, and the accessibility of neoplastic tissue, the study of MPNs has provided a window into the earliest stages of tumorigenesis. With the discovery of mutations in CALR, the majority of MPN patients now bear an identifiable marker of clonal disease; however, the mechanism by which mutated CALR perturbs megakaryopoiesis is currently unresolved. We are beginning to understand better the role of JAK2(V617F) homozygosity, the function of comutations in epigenetic regulators and spliceosome components, and how these mutations cooperate with JAK2(V617F) to modulate MPN phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Nangalia
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/MRC Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom; .,Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QR, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Grinfeld
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/MRC Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom; .,Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QR, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony R Green
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/MRC Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom; .,Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QR, United Kingdom
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24
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Grinfeld J, Nangalia J, Green AR. Molecular determinants of pathogenesis and clinical phenotype in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Haematologica 2017; 102:7-17. [PMID: 27909216 PMCID: PMC5210228 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.113845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloproliferative neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of clonal disorders characterized by the overproduction of mature cells in the peripheral blood, together with an increased risk of thrombosis and progression to acute myeloid leukemia. The majority of patients with Philadelphia-chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms harbor somatic mutations in Janus kinase 2, leading to constitutive activation. Acquired mutations in calreticulin or myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene are found in a significant number of patients with essential thrombocythemia or myelofibrosis, and mutations in numerous epigenetic regulators and spliceosome components are also seen. Although the cellular and molecular consequences of many of these mutations remain unclear, it seems likely that they interact with germline and microenvironmental factors to influence disease pathogenesis. This review will focus on the determinants of specific myeloproliferative neoplasm phenotypes as well as on how an improved understanding of molecular mechanisms can inform our understanding of the disease entities themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Grinfeld
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/MRC Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jyoti Nangalia
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/MRC Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony R Green
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust/MRC Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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25
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Sabapathy V, Kumar S. hiPSC-derived iMSCs: NextGen MSCs as an advanced therapeutically active cell resource for regenerative medicine. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1571-88. [PMID: 27097531 PMCID: PMC4956943 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being assessed for ameliorating the severity of graft‐versus‐host disease, autoimmune conditions, musculoskeletal injuries and cardiovascular diseases. While most of these clinical therapeutic applications require substantial cell quantities, the number of MSCs that can be obtained initially from a single donor remains limited. The utility of MSCs derived from human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has been shown in recent pre‐clinical studies. Since adult MSCs have limited capability regarding proliferation, the quantum of bioactive factor secretion and immunomodulation ability may be constrained. Hence, the alternate source of MSCs is being considered to replace the commonly used adult tissue‐derived MSCs. The MSCs have been obtained from various adult and foetal tissues. The hiPSC‐derived MSCs (iMSCs) are transpiring as an attractive source of MSCs because during reprogramming process, cells undergo rejuvination, exhibiting better cellular vitality such as survival, proliferation and differentiations potentials. The autologous iMSCs could be considered as an inexhaustible source of MSCs that could be used to meet the unmet clinical needs. Human‐induced PSC‐derived MSCs are reported to be superior when compared to the adult MSCs regarding cell proliferation, immunomodulation, cytokines profiles, microenvironment modulating exosomes and bioactive paracrine factors secretion. Strategies such as derivation and propagation of iMSCs in chemically defined culture conditions and use of footprint‐free safer reprogramming strategies have contributed towards the development of clinically relevant cell types. In this review, the role of iPSC‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (iMSCs) as an alternate source of therapeutically active MSCs has been described. Additionally, we also describe the role of iMSCs in regenerative medical applications, the necessary strategies, and the regulatory policies that have to be enforced to render iMSC's effectiveness in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Sabapathy
- Center for Stem Cell Research, A Unit of inStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Center for Stem Cell Research, A Unit of inStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rainville N, Jachimowicz E, Wojchowski DM. Targeting EPO and EPO receptor pathways in anemia and dysregulated erythropoiesis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 20:287-301. [PMID: 26419263 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1090975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) is a first-line therapeutic for the anemia of chronic kidney disease, cancer chemotherapy, AIDS (Zidovudine therapy), and lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. However, rhEPO frequently elevates hypertension, is costly, and may affect cancer progression. Potentially high merit therefore exists for defining new targets for anti-anemia agents within erythropoietin (EPO) and EPO receptor (EPOR) regulatory circuits. AREAS COVERED EPO production by renal interstitial fibroblasts is subject to modulation by several regulators of hypoxia-inducible factor 2a (HIF2a) including Iron Response Protein-1, prolyl hydroxylases, and HIF2a acetylases, each of which holds potential as anti-anemia drug targets. The cell surface receptor for EPO (EPOR) preassembles as a homodimer, together with Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), and therefore it remains attractive to develop novel agents that trigger EPOR complex activation (activating antibodies, mimetics, small-molecule agonists). Additionally, certain downstream transducers of EPOR/JAK2 signaling may be druggable, including Erythroferrone (a hepcidin regulator), a cytoprotective Spi2a serpin, and select EPOR-associated protein tyrosine phosphatases. EXPERT OPINION While rhEPO (and biosimilars) are presently important mainstay erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), impetus exists for studies of novel ESAs that fortify HIF2a's effects, act as EPOR agonists, and/or bolster select downstream EPOR pathways to erythroid cell formation. Such agents could lessen rhEPO dosing, side effects, and/or costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Rainville
- a 1 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division , Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Edward Jachimowicz
- a 1 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division , Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Don M Wojchowski
- a 1 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division , Scarborough, ME, USA.,b 2 Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA.,c 3 Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center of Excellence in Stem & Progenitor Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Scarborough, ME 04074, USA ; .,d 4 Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA
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Saliba J, Saint-Martin C, Di Stefano A, Lenglet G, Marty C, Keren B, Pasquier F, Valle VD, Secardin L, Leroy G, Mahfoudhi E, Grosjean S, Droin N, Diop M, Dessen P, Charrier S, Palazzo A, Merlevede J, Meniane JC, Delaunay-Darivon C, Fuseau P, Isnard F, Casadevall N, Solary E, Debili N, Bernard OA, Raslova H, Najman A, Vainchenker W, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Plo I. Germline duplication of ATG2B and GSKIP predisposes to familial myeloid malignancies. Nat Genet 2015; 47:1131-40. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Laplane L, Beke A, Vainchenker W, Solary E. Concise Review: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as New Model Systems in Oncology. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2887-92. [PMID: 26179060 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The demonstration that pluripotent stem cells could be generated by somatic cell reprogramming led to wonder if these so-called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells would extend our investigation capabilities in the cancer research field. The first iPS cells derived from cancer cells have now revealed the benefits and potential pitfalls of this new model. iPS cells appear to be an innovative approach to decipher the steps of cell transformation as well as to screen the activity and toxicity of anticancer drugs. A better understanding of the impact of reprogramming on cancer cell-specific features as well as improvements in culture conditions to integrate the role of the microenvironment in their behavior may strengthen the epistemic interest of iPS cells as model systems in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Laplane
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1170, Villejuif, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France.,Université Paris I-Panthéon Sorbonne, Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques, Paris, France
| | - Allan Beke
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1170, Villejuif, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - William Vainchenker
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1170, Villejuif, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Eric Solary
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1170, Villejuif, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
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Arai S, Miyauchi M, Kurokawa M. Modeling of hematologic malignancies by iPS technology. Exp Hematol 2015; 43:654-60. [PMID: 26135030 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated from various types of cells with transduction of defined transcription factors. Patient-derived iPSCs are becoming commonly utilized for understanding the molecular pathways involved in disease and for the development of novel targeted therapies. With the use of patient-derived iPSCs differentiated to specific-lineage cells, the potency and toxicity of drug candidates can be evaluated. In the past, patient-derived iPSCs were mainly established from patients of inherited hematologic diseases, followed by the expansion of target to acquired diseases like myeloproliferative neoplasms. Thanks to the rapid development of novel genome editing technologies, we can now utilize genetically modified and unprocessed iPSCs more readily than before. These technologies, which enable us to modulate genetic status or even chromosome structure at the right time, could help the elucidation of pathogenesis of hematologic diseases. If iPSC-derived hematopoietic cells are to be robustly reconstituted in vivo as a consequence of the development of reprogramming and conversion technology, research on leukemic stem cells must be widely promoted. Therefore, iPSC technology has great potential on oncology research using patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Arai
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masashi Miyauchi
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineo Kurokawa
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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