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Kim SH, Joung JY, Lee YH, Son CG. Anatomical Exploration of the KI1 Acupoint: Implications for Medial and Lateral Plantar Nerve Stimulation. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:535. [PMID: 38674181 PMCID: PMC11051973 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aims to identify the precise anatomical location and therapeutic mechanisms of the KI1 acupoint (Yongquan) in relation to foot muscles and nerves, known for treating neurological disorders and pain. Materials and Methods: Dissection of six cadavers at Chungnam National University College of Medicine examined KI1's relation to the foot's four-layer structure. Results: The KI1 acupoint was located in the superficial and deep layers of the plantar foot, adjacent to significant nerves like the medial and lateral plantar nerves. Differences in the acupoint's exact location between genders were noted, reflecting variances in foot morphology. KI1 acupuncture was found to stimulate the muscle spindles and nerve fibers essential for balance and bipedal locomotion. This stimulation may enhance sensory feedback, potentially improving cognitive functions and balance control. Conclusions: This anatomical insight into KI1 acupuncture underpins its potential in neurological therapies and pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Kim
- Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin-Yong Joung
- Department of Korean Medicine, Korean Medical College, Daejeon University, 62, Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34530, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Department of Korean Medicine, Korean Medical College, Daejeon University, 62, Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34530, Republic of Korea;
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Zhan C, Jang HB, Ahn D, Chang S, Ryu Y, Kim HK, Lee BH, Guan X, Fan Y, Lee BH, Kim HY. Deep electroacupuncture of neurogenic spots attenuates immobilization stress-induced acute hypertension in rats. Integr Med Res 2024; 13:101006. [PMID: 38298862 PMCID: PMC10826306 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2023.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous studies proved that neurogenic inflammatory spots (or neurogenic spots) have the same physiological features as acupuncture points and that neurogenic spot stimulation generates therapeutic effects in various animal models. However, it is unclear how deeply the neurogenic spots should be stimulated to generate therapeutic effects. Methods The effects of acupuncture at various needle depths below the neurogenic spot were examined in a rat immobilization stress-induced hypertension (IMH) model. Electroacupuncture was applied to a neurogenic spot at depths of 1, 2, or 3 mm using a concentric bipolar electrode. Results Electrical stimulation of the neurogenic spot at a 3-mm depth most effectively lowered blood pressure compared with controls and stimulation at 1- and 2-mm depths, which was inhibited by pretreatment with a local anesthetic lidocaine. Electrical stimulation of the neurogenic spot or injection of substance P (SP) at a 3-mm depth significantly excited the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM) compared with superficial stimulation. Electrical stimulation applied at a 3-mm depth on neurogenic spots dominantly caused c-fos expression from rVLM and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) in IMH rats. Pretreatment with resiniferatoxin (RTX) injection into the neurogenic spot to ablate SP or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) prevented the effects of 3-mm neurogenic spot stimulation on blood pressure in IMH rats. Conversely, artificial injection of SP or CGRP generated anti-hypertensive effects in IMH rats. Conclusion Our data suggest that neurogenic spot stimulation at a 3-mm depth generated anti-hypertensive effects through the local release of SP and CGRP and activation of rVLM and vlPAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhan
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - DanBi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Chang S, Kim HK, Ryu Y, Jang HB, Ahn D, Lee BH, Youn DH, Lee BH, Kim HY. Mediation of mPFC-LHb pathway in acupuncture inhibition of cocaine psychomotor activity. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13321. [PMID: 37753567 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the lateral habenula (LHb) play roles in drug addiction and cognitive functions. Our previous studies have suggested that acupuncture at Shenmen (HT7) points modulates mesolimbic reward system in order to suppress drug-induced addiction behaviours. To explore whether an mPFC-LHb circuit mediates the inhibitory effects of acupuncture on addictive behaviours, we examined the projection from mPFC to LHb, excitation of mPFC neurons during acupuncture stimulation, the effects of optogenetic modulation of mPFC-LHb on HT7 inhibition of cocaine-induced locomotion and the effect of mPFC lesion on HT7 inhibition of nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine release. Acupuncture was applied at bilateral HT7 points for 20 s, and locomotor activity was measured in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Although cocaine injection significantly increased locomotor activity, HT7 acupuncture suppressed the cocaine-induced locomotion. The inhibitory effect of HT7 on cocaine-enhanced locomotion was blocked by optogenetic silencing of the mPFC-LHb circuit. In vivo extracellular recordings showed that HT7 acupuncture evoked an increase in the action potentials of mPFC neurons. Optopatch experiment proved glutamatergic projections from mPFC to LHb. HT7 acupuncture suppressed NAc dopamine release following cocaine injection, which was blocked by electrolytic lesion of mPFC. These results suggest the mediation of mPFC-LHb circuit in the inhibitory effects of acupuncture on cocaine psychomotor activity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - DanBi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Youn
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Jones GC, Small CA, Otteson DZ, Hafen CW, Breinholt JT, Flora PD, Burris MD, Sant DW, Ruchti TR, Yorgason JT, Steffensen SC, Bills KB. Whole-Body Vibration Prevents Neuronal, Neurochemical, and Behavioral Effects of Morphine Withdrawal in a Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14147. [PMID: 37762450 PMCID: PMC10532581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral mechanoreceptor-based treatments such as acupuncture and chiropractic manipulation have shown success in modulating the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain and projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the striatum. We have previously shown that mechanoreceptor activation via whole-body vibration (WBV) ameliorates neuronal and behavioral effects of chronic ethanol exposure. In this study, we employ a similar paradigm to assess the efficacy of WBV as a preventative measure of neuronal and behavioral effects of morphine withdrawal in a Wistar rat model. We demonstrate that concurrent administration of WBV at 80 Hz with morphine over a 5-day period significantly reduced adaptations in VTA GABA neuronal activity and NAc DA release and modulated expression of δ-opioid receptors (DORs) on NAc cholinergic interneurons (CINs) during withdrawal. We also observed a reduction in behavior typically associated with opioid withdrawal. WBV represents a promising adjunct to current intervention for opioid use disorder (OUD) and should be examined translationally in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin C. Jones
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | | | - Caylor W. Hafen
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Paul D. Flora
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - David W. Sant
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, UT 84606, USA
| | - Tysum R. Ruchti
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Scott C. Steffensen
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, UT 84606, USA
| | - Kyle B. Bills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, UT 84606, USA
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Jang HB, Ahn D, Kim HK, Guan X, Fan Y, Lee BH, Kim HY. Mediation of lateral hypothalamus orexin input to lateral habenula in the inhibitory effects of mechanical stimulation on psychomotor responses induced by cocaine. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1195939. [PMID: 37501724 PMCID: PMC10369078 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1195939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The lateral hypothalamus (LH) plays an important physiological role in brain function and also plays an important role in substance abuse. The neuropeptides called orexin (or hypocretins) have been identified as being located exclusively in the cell bodies of the LH. Our previous studies have demonstrated that mechanical stimulation (MS) of the ulnar nerve produces strong inhibitory effects on cocaine addiction-like behaviors through activation of LH projection to the lateral habenula (LHb). Methods Therefore, the present study hypothesized that ulnar MS would suppress the psychomotor responses induced by cocaine through the orexinergic LH-to-LHb pathway. Results Ulnar MS attenuated cocaine enhancement of locomotor activity and 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations, which was prevented by antagonism of orexin-receptor type 2 (OX2R) in the LHb. Injection of orexin-A into the LHb reduced the cocaine-induced psychomotor responses. MS of the ulnar nerve excited LH orexinergic neurons. In addition, the excitation of LHb neurons by MS was blocked by the systemic administration of an OX2R antagonist. Discussion These findings suggest that MS applied to the ulnar nerve recruits an orexinergic LH-to-LHb pathway to suppress the psychomotor responses induced by cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - DanBi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bang SK, Chang S, Seo SY, Kang SY, Cho SJ, Choi KH, Juping X, Kim HY, Ryu Y. Attenuation of immobilization stress-induced hypertension by temperature-controllable warm needle acupuncture in rats and the peripheral neural mechanisms. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1168012. [PMID: 37384285 PMCID: PMC10294230 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We and others have shown that electrical stimulation of the PC-6 acupoint over the wrist relieves hypertension by stimulating afferent sensory nerve fibers and activating the central endogenous opioid system. Warm needle acupuncture has long been utilized to treat various diseases in clinics. Methods Here, we developed a temperature-controllable warm needle acupuncture instrument (WAI) and investigated the peripheral mechanism underlying the effect of warm needle acupuncture at PC-6 on hypertension in a rat model of immobilization stress-induced hypertension. Results Stimulation with our newly developed WAI and traditional warm needle acupuncture attenuated hypertension development. Such effects were reproduced by capsaicin (a TRPV1 agonist) injection into PC-6 or WAI stimulation at 48°C. In contrast, PC-6 pretreatment with the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine blocked the antihypertensive effect of WAI stimulation at PC-6. WAI stimulation at PC-6 increased the number of dorsal root ganglia double-stained with TRPV1 and CGRP. QX-314 and capsaicin perineural injection into the median nerve for chemical ablation of small afferent nerve fibers (C-fibers) prevented the antihypertensive effect of WAI stimulation at PC-6. Additionally, PC-6 pretreatment with RTX ablated the antihypertensive effect of WAI stimulation. Conclusion These findings suggest that warm needle acupuncture at PC-6 activates C-fiber of median nerve and the peripheral TRPV1 receptors to attenuate the development of immobilization stress-induced hypertension in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Kyun Bang
- Department of Korean Medicine Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean convergence Medical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Seo
- Department of Korean Medicine Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Yun Kang
- Department of Korean Medicine Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jin Cho
- Department of Korean Medicine Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choi
- Department of Korean Medicine Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Xing Juping
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Department of Korean Medicine Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean convergence Medical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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7
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Jang HB, Ahn D, Chang S, Kim HK, Lee BH, Kim SC, Steffensen SC, Bills KB, Lee H, Kim HY. Activation of a hypothalamus-habenula circuit by mechanical stimulation inhibits cocaine addiction-like behaviors. Biol Res 2023; 56:25. [PMID: 37194106 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanoreceptor activation modulates GABA neuron firing and dopamine (DA) release in the mesolimbic DA system, an area implicated in reward and substance abuse. The lateral habenula (LHb), the lateral hypothalamus (LH), and the mesolimbic DA system are not only reciprocally connected, but also involved in drug reward. We explored the effects of mechanical stimulation (MS) on cocaine addiction-like behaviors and the role of the LH-LHb circuit in the MS effects. MS was performed over ulnar nerve and the effects were evaluated by using drug seeking behaviors, optogenetics, chemogenetics, electrophysiology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Mechanical stimulation attenuated locomotor activity in a nerve-dependent manner and 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) and DA release in nucleus accumbens (NAc) following cocaine injection. The MS effects were ablated by electrolytic lesion or optogenetic inhibition of LHb. Optogenetic activation of LHb suppressed cocaine-enhanced 50 kHz USVs and locomotion. MS reversed cocaine suppression of neuronal activity of LHb. MS also inhibited cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior, which was blocked by chemogenetic inhibition of an LH-LHb circuit. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that peripheral mechanical stimulation activates LH-LHb pathways to attenuate cocaine-induced psychomotor responses and seeking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - DanBi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, South Korea
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kyle B Bills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, UT, 84606, USA
| | - Hubert Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Cao J, Qu Y, Chen L, Liu T, Guo J, Gong Y, Tian Z, Xiong J, Lin Z, Yang X, Yin T, Zeng F. The regulations on cortical activation and functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-primary somatosensory cortex elicited by acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1159378. [PMID: 37206312 PMCID: PMC10188977 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1159378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Traditional acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation is essential for clinical effectiveness, whereas the underlying central mechanism of it remains unknown. This study with multiple-channels functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) aims to explore cerebral-response modes during acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulations. Materials and methods Functional near-infrared spectroscopy data were recorded from 35 healthy participants during the lifting-thrusting reinforcing manipulation, the lifting-thrusting reducing manipulation, and the even reinforcing-reducing manipulation with lifting-thrusting. The general linear model based (GLM) cortical activation analysis and the functional connectivity (FC) based on region of interest (ROI) analysis were combined to be conducted. Results In comparison with the baseline, the results showed that three acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulations similarly induced the hemodynamic responses in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and increased FC between the DLPFC and primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Specifically, the even reinforcing-reducing manipulation deactivated the bilateral DLPFC, the frontopolar area (FP), the right primary motor cortex (M1), the bilateral S1, and the bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex (S2); The reducing manipulation deactivated the bilateral DLPFC; The reinforcing manipulation activated the bilateral DLPFC, the left S1, and the right S2. The between-group comparisons indicated that the reinforcing-reducing manipulation induced opposite hemodynamic responses in the bilateral DLPFC and the left S1 and exhibited different FC patterns in the left DLPFC-S1, within the right DLPFC, and between the left S1 and the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Conclusion These findings verified the feasibility of fNIRS for investigating cerebral functional activities of acupuncture manipulations, suggesting that the regulations on the DLPFC-S1 cortex may be the potential central mechanism for the realization of acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation's effect. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier, ChiCTR2100051893.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Cao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuzhu Qu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sport and Healthy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulai Gong
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zilei Tian
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenfang Lin
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Health and Rehabilitation School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Yin
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Tao Yin,
| | - Fang Zeng
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Zeng,
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Mechanical Stimulation Alters Chronic Ethanol-Induced Changes to VTA GABA Neurons, NAc DA Release and Measures of Withdrawal. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012630. [PMID: 36293482 PMCID: PMC9604215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic activation of mechanoreceptors (MStim) in osteopathy, chiropractic and acupuncture has been in use for hundreds of years with a myriad of positive outcomes. It has been previously shown to modulate the firing rate of neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), an area of interest in alcohol-use disorder (AUD). In this study, we examined the effects of MStim on VTA GABA neuron firing rate, DA release in the NAc, and behavior during withdrawal from chronic EtOH exposure in a rat model. We demonstrate that concurrent administration of MStim and EtOH significantly reduced adaptations in VTA GABA neurons and DA release in response to a reinstatement dose of EtOH (2.5 g/kg). Behavioral indices of EtOH withdrawal (rearing, open-field crosses, tail stiffness, gait, and anxiety) were substantively ameliorated with concurrent application of MStim. Additionally, MStim significantly increased the overall frequency of ultrasonic vocalizations, suggesting an increased positive affective state.
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Chang S, Fan Y, Lee SM, Ryu Y, Lee BH, Kim SC, Bills KB, Steffensen SC, Yang CH, Kim HY. Acupuncture reduces cocaine psychomotor responses by activating the rostromedial tegmental nucleus. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13052. [PMID: 33969586 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), a GABAergic afferent to midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, has emerged as an integral player in both rewarding and nociceptive responses. While previous studies have demonstrated that acupuncture modulates DA transmission in the mesolimbic reward system originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and can reduce drug self-administration, the central links between peripheral acupuncture signals and brain reward systems are not well-characterized. Thus, we hypothesised that acupuncture would elicit inhibitory signals from RMTg neurons to brain reward systems. Acupuncture reduced acute cocaine-induced locomotor activity and DA release in a point-specific manner, which was blocked by optogenetic silencing or chemical lesion of the RMTg. The acupuncture effect was mimicked by chemical activation of the RMTg. Acupuncture activated RMTg GABA neurons. In addition, the inhibitory effects of acupuncture on acute cocaine-induced locomotor activity were prevented by electrolytic lesions of the lateral habenula (LHb) or fasciculus retroflexus (FR), areas known to project to the RMTg. These findings suggest that acupuncture recruits the RMTg to reduce the psychomotor responses enhanced by acute cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryolgy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Soo Min Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Gyeongsan South Korea
| | - Kyle B. Bills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine Provo Utah USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Brigham Young University Provo Utah USA
| | - Scott C. Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Brigham Young University Provo Utah USA
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
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11
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Role of Lateral Hypothalamus in Acupuncture Inhibition of Cocaine Psychomotor Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115994. [PMID: 34206060 PMCID: PMC8198598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture modulates the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system; an area implicated in drug abuse. However, the mechanism by which peripheral sensory afferents, during acupuncture stimulation, modulate this system needs further investigation. The lateral hypothalamus (LH) has been implicated in reward processing and addictive behaviors. To investigate the role of the LH in mediating acupuncture effects, we evaluated the role of LH and spinohypothalamic neurons on cocaine-induced psychomotor activity and NAc DA release. Systemic injection of cocaine increased locomotor activity and 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), which were attenuated by mechanical stimulation of needles inserted into HT7 but neither ST36 nor LI5. The acupuncture effects were blocked by chemical lesions of the LH or mimicked by activation of LH neurons. Single-unit extracellular recordings showed excitation of LH and spinohypothalamic neurons following acupuncture. Our results suggest that acupuncture recruits the LH to suppress the mesolimbic DA system and psychomotor responses following cocaine injection.
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12
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Seo SY, Moon JY, Kang SY, Kwon OS, Bang SK, Choi KH, Ryu Y. Acupuncture stimulation at HT7 as a non-pharmacological therapy for sleep disorder caused by caffeine administration in rats. Acupunct Med 2021; 39:691-699. [PMID: 34056932 DOI: 10.1177/09645284211011489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Insomnia is one of the most common sleep disorders and is difficult to completely treat because of the undesirable side effects of hypnotics. The present study was designed to investigate the hypnotic effect of acupuncture stimulation at HT7 on caffeine-induced sleep disorders and locomotor activity in rats. We also evaluated neuronal activity changes in the arousal region of the basal forebrain. METHODS Rats received intraperitoneal injections of caffeine, and then electroencephalogram power spectrum analysis and locomotor activity measurements were performed. Stimulation at HT7 was performed using a mechanical acupuncture instrument (MAI) before caffeine injection, and its effects on caffeine-induced changes in sleep architecture, locomotor activity and c-Fos expression were examined. RESULTS Caffeine injection (7.5 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in slow-wave sleep and an increase in wake time compared with saline injection. Caffeine injection also increased locomotor activity and c-Fos expression in the medial septum-vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca (MS-VDB), one of the arousal regions of the basal forebrain. Stimulation at HT7 with the MAI alleviated the caffeine-induced sleep disturbance and the increase in locomotor activity. In addition, MAI treatment at HT7, compared with treatment at a location not corresponding to any traditional acupuncture point, reduced the caffeine-induced increase in c-Fos expression. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the hypnotic effect of HT7 acupuncture stimulation on caffeine-induced insomnia was associated with suppression of neuronal activity in the basal forebrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Seo
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Moon
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - Suk-Yun Kang
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - O Sang Kwon
- Department of Meridian & Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se Kyun Bang
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choi
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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13
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Seo SY, Bang SK, Kang SY, Cho SJ, Choi KH, Ryu YH. Acupuncture Alleviates Anxiety and 22-kHz Ultrasonic Vocalizations in Rats Subjected to Repeated Alcohol Administration by Modulating the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4037. [PMID: 33919862 PMCID: PMC8070810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Shenmen point (acupuncture point heart 7: HT7), located in the heart meridian, is frequently used to treat mental disorders, including drug addiction, anxiety, and depression. This study aimed to determine how HT7 regulates anxiety and negative emotions caused by repeated alcohol administration, focusing on the amygdala and paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Repeated administration of alcohol (ETOH; 2 g/kg, i.p. injection, 16% v/v) for 14 days increased the corticosterone (CORT) levels, and HT7 stimulation reduced the plasma CORT levels. HT7 stimulation mitigated anxiety-like behaviors and reduced 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats receiving repeated ETOH injections. HT7 stimulation increased the amygdala expression of mature brain-derived neurotropic factor (mBDNF) and phosphorylated tropomyosin receptor kinase B (pTrkB) and decreased the PVN corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) expression. Amygdala microinjections of the TrkB antagonist ANA-12 (0.1 pmol/1 μL) reversed the increase in PVN CRH levels. The reduced PVN CRH levels were regulated by CRH-expressing neurons in the amygdala, and the increased amygdala CRH levels were affected by the HT7-stimulation induced increases in mBDNF. HT7 stimulation alleviates increased stress hormone levels and mitigates anxiety and negative emotions caused by repeated ETOH administration. These results provide scientific support for the clinical use of acupuncture to treat various alcoholism-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yeon Hee Ryu
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (S.K.B.); (S.Y.K.); (S.J.C.); (K.H.C.)
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14
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Zhong X, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang H. Which of the acupuncture treatment regimen for lumbar disc herniation is more effective and safer: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25199. [PMID: 33761703 PMCID: PMC9281967 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is the most common cause of low back pain and severely affects people's quality of life and ability to work. Although many clinical trials and medical reports conducted over the years have shown that acupuncture treatments are effective for LDH, the comparative effectiveness of these different acupuncture therapies is still unclear. This protocol of a network meta-analysis was designed to compare the effects and safety of acupuncture treatment regimens on LDH using both direct and indirect evidence. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol is reported according to the 2015 PRISMA-P and PRISMA guidelines for acupuncture. Eight databases and two platforms will be searched for articles published from their establishment to 1 December 2020 with medical subject heading terms and keywords. Three reviewers will verify the eligible randomized controlled trials independently. NoteExpress (3.2.0) software will be utilized to manage the literature. The overall quality of evidence will be evaluated by Confidence In Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA). Additionally, we will conduct a meta-analysis of the effectiveness, recurrence rate, and symptom score of acupuncture in treating LDH using Review Manager (RevManV.5.4.1) and R4.0.2 software (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing). RESULTS The results of the study will be published in journals or relevant conferences. CONCLUSION This proposed systematic review will evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of various acupuncture methods and combination protocols for LDH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Yanping Wang
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Centre, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, China
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15
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Fan Y, Kim DH, Gwak YS, Ahn D, Ryu Y, Chang S, Lee BH, Bills KB, Steffensen SC, Yang CH, Kim HY. The role of substance P in acupuncture signal transduction and effects. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:683-694. [PMID: 32956833 PMCID: PMC7749828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture has been used to treat a wide variety of diseases, disorders, and conditions for more than 2500 years. While the anatomical structures of acupuncture points (or acupoints) are largely unknown, our previous studies have suggested that many acupoints can be identified as cutaneous neurogenic inflammatory spots (neurogenic spots or Neuro-Sps), arising from the release of neuropeptides from activated small diameter sensory afferents at topographically distinct body surfaces due to the convergence of visceral and somatic afferents. In turn, the neuropeptides released during neurogenic inflammation may play important roles in the effects of acupuncture as well as the formation of active acupoints. Thus, the present study has focused on the role of substance P (SP) in acupuncture signal transduction and effects. METHODS Neuro-Sps were detected by using in vivo fluorescence imaging after intravenous injection of Evans blue dye (EBD) and compared with traditional acupoints. Stimulatory effects of the Neuro-Sps were examined in a rat model of immobilization-induced hypertension (IMH). The roles of increased SP in Neuro-Sps were also investigated by using immunohistochemistry, in vivo single-fiber peripheral nerve recordings, and in vivo midbrain extracellular recordings. RESULTS Neurogenic inflammation quickly appeared at acupoints on the wrist and was fully developed within 15 min in IMH model. The Neuro-Sps showed an increased release of SP from afferent nerve terminals. Mechanical stimulation of these Neuro-Sps increased cell excitability in the midbrain (rostral ventrolateral medulla) and alleviated the development of hypertension, which was blocked by the local injection of the SP receptor antagonist CP-99994 into Neuro-Sps prior to acupuncture and mimicked by the local injection of capsaicin. Single fiber recordings of peripheral nerves showed that increased SP into the Neuro-Sps elevated the sensitivity of A- and C-fibers in response to acupuncture stimulation. In addition, the discharge rates of spinal wide dynamic response (WDR) neurons significantly increased following SP or acupuncture treatment in Neuro-Sps in normal rats, but decreased following the injection of CP-99994 into Neuro-Sps in IMH rats. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that SP released during neurogenic inflammation enhances the responses of sensory afferents to the needling of acupoints and triggers acupuncture signaling to generate acupuncture effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Young Seob Gwak
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Danbi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Kyle B Bills
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine (P), Provo, UT 84604, United States
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea.
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16
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Junyue J, Siyu C, Xindong W, Qinge X, Jingchun Z, Liming L, Guohua L. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Substance Use Disorders: A Scientometric Analysis and Visualization of Its Use Between 2001 and 2020. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:722240. [PMID: 34803755 PMCID: PMC8604152 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.722240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to identify frontiers for further studies via brief understanding in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for substance use disorders (SUDs). Materials and Methods: Publications on the use of CAM for treating SUDs were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection from 2001 to 2020 on July 12, 2020, and visualized by CiteSpace V. Results: A total of 3,807 publications were obtained. The USA, China, and England were the leading research centers. However, India and Pakistan have recently focused on assessing CAM for the treatment of SUDs. Frederick L Altice was found to be the most productive author. Addiction ranked first among the frequently cited journals, which exceeded 1,000. The most common CAM therapies were acupuncture and CAM psychotherapies, such as mindfulness meditation. Conclusion: CAM is gaining attention globally for treating SUDs. CAM psychotherapy and acupuncture are hotspots and deserve further study. Researchers should strengthen peer cooperation in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Junyue
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Siyu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Wang Xindong
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Qinge
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeng Jingchun
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Liming
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Guohua
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Kim MS, Fan Y, Lee SM, Chang SC, Kim HK, Ryu Y, Steffensen SC, Yang CH, Kim HY. Role of the central amygdala in acupuncture inhibition of methamphetamine-induced behaviors in rats. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12862. [PMID: 31997525 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) enhances dopamine (DA) transmission in the mesolimbic system implicated in its reinforcing effects. Our previous studies have shown that acupuncture attenuates drug-seeking behaviors by modulating GABAergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area and DA release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the striatum. The effects of acupuncture on METH-induced behaviors and its mediation by neural pathways remain a relatively understudied area of research. The central amygdala (CeA) plays a critical role in physiological and behavioral responses to somatosensory and drug stimuli and has been implicated in negative reinforcement. Thus, we evaluated the role of the CeA in acupuncture effects on locomotor activity, positive affective states, and DA release in the NAc following acute administration of METH. Acupuncture at acupoint HT7 reduced locomotor activity, 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), and NAc DA release following systemic injection of METH, which was prevented by electrolytic lesions or optogenetic inhibition of the CeA. Acupuncture alone excited CeA neurons and reversed the suppression of CeA neurons induced by METH. These results suggest that acupuncture can relieve psychomotor responses and positive affective states following METH by inhibiting NAc DA release and this effect is mediated by activation of CeA neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Seon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Soo Min Lee
- College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Su Chan Chang
- College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Clinical Medicine Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon South Korea
| | | | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
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18
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Kim HS, Choi H, Flores MC, Razzaq A, Gwak YS, Ahn D, Kim MS, Gurel O, Lee BH, In SI. Noble metal sensitized invasive porous bioelectrodes: advanced medical device for enhanced neuronal activity and chronic alcohol treatment. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43514-43522. [PMID: 35519706 PMCID: PMC9058419 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07922g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive bioelectrodes are widely used as an effective treatment for several acute and chronic diseases. In earlier work using high surface area invasive porous bioelectrodes evaluated in an animal model of alcoholism withdrawal, we demonstrated significantly improved electrophysiological and behavioral responses. In this study, we further modify the surface of these invasive porous bioelectrodes with noble metal (Ag, Au, Pt) nanoparticles. Compared to both conventional and porous bioelectrodes, noble metal sensitized invasive porous bioelectrodes show markedly increased low threshold (LT) and wide dynamic range (WDR) neuronal activity. In particular, Pt-sensitized invasive porous bioelectrodes show the highest WDR neuronal activity only upon insertion. In addition, Ag-sensitized invasive porous bioelectrodes, whose surface area is about 37 times greater than that of conventional bioelectrodes, show improved electrochemical properties with higher LT and WDR neuronal activity when stimulated. In an animal model of chronic alcoholism, using normal and alcohol-treated Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats evaluated with the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, the Ag-sensitized invasive porous bioelectrodes show about 20% higher open arms time. These results suggest that these noble metal-sensitized invasive bioelectrodes may offer improved therapeutic outcomes for the treatment of chronic alcoholism, and given these enhanced electrophysiological properties, for other conditions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Soo Kim
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Hansaem Choi
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Monica Claire Flores
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Abdul Razzaq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus 1.5 km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road Lahore 54000 Pakistan
| | - Young Seob Gwak
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University 136 Sincheondong-ro, Suseong-gu Daegu 42158 Republic of Korea
| | - Danbi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University 136 Sincheondong-ro, Suseong-gu Daegu 42158 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Seon Kim
- Clinical Trials Management Division, Pharmaceutical Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Cheongju-si Chungcheongbuk-do Republic of Korea
| | - Ogan Gurel
- College of Transdisciplinary Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University 136 Sincheondong-ro, Suseong-gu Daegu 42158 Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Il In
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup Dalseong-gun Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
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19
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Seo SY, Kim SP, Bang SK, Kang SY, Cho SJ, Choi KH, Ryu Y. The effect of acupuncture stimulation on alleviating emotional changes due to acute alcohol administration and the possibility of sigma 1 receptor involvement. Integr Med Res 2020; 10:100497. [PMID: 33384922 PMCID: PMC7689173 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most ETOH addiction preclinical studies have focused on the rewards of chronic ETOH self-administration or the ETOH reinstatement model. Acute ETOH administration studies are scarce despite the potential of ETOH to cause sedation, intoxication and reduced acute functional tolerance. Here, we established a rat model of acute ETOH administration induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 1 g/kg ethanol and assessed the similarities in physiological and behavioral effects between acupuncture and Sigma1 R antagonists. Methods Male Wistar rats (300-330 g) received pretreatment with (1) saline injection, (2) saline + mechanical stimulation using a mechanical acupuncture instrument (MAI) for acupuncture at the Shenmen (HT7), (3) ETOH (1 g/kg) injection, (4) ETOH + HT7, or (5) the selective σ1 R antagonist BD 1047 (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (IP) injection). ETOH (1 g/kg) or saline was IP injected after 10 min. Then, ETOH-induced immobility was evaluated in an open field arena, ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) indicating ethanol-induced emotional changes were recorded in a recording chamber, and the rats were sacrificed for the analysis of protein levels of σ1 R in several regions of the brain. Results Acute ethanol exposure increased the immobile time, 22-kHz USVs, and protein levels of σ1 R in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). However, pretreatment with acupuncture at HT7 induced recovery of immobile time, reduced 22-kHz USVs, and regulated the protein levels of σ1 R in the VTA. These effects have similarities with IP injection of BD 1047 (10 mg/kg). Conclusion This study showed that acupuncture at HT7 regulates immobility and 22-kHz USVs via Sigma1 R in the VTA upon acute ETOH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Corresponding author at: Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34054, Korea.
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20
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Huo R, Han SP, Liu FY, Shou XJ, Liu LY, Song TJ, Zhai FJ, Zhang R, Xing GG, Han JS. Responses of Primary Afferent Fibers to Acupuncture-Like Peripheral Stimulation at Different Frequencies: Characterization by Single-Unit Recording in Rats. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:907-918. [PMID: 32394277 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pain-relieving effect of acupuncture is known to involve primary afferent nerves (PANs) via their roles in signal transmission to the CNS. Using single-unit recording in rats, we characterized the generation and transmission of electrical signals in Aβ and Aδ fibers induced by acupuncture-like stimuli. Acupuncture-like signals were elicited in PANs using three techniques: manual acupuncture (MAc), emulated acupuncture (EAc), and electro-acupuncture (EA)-like peripheral electrical stimulation (PES). The discharges evoked by MAc and EAc were mostly in a burst pattern with average intra-burst and inter-burst firing rates of 90 Hz and 2 Hz, respectively. The frequency of discharges in PANs was correlated with the frequency of PES. The highest discharge frequency was 246 Hz in Aβ fibers and 180 Hz in Aδ fibers. Therefore, EA in a dense-disperse mode (at alternating frequency between 2 Hz and 15 Hz or between 2 Hz and 100 Hz) best mimics MAc. Frequencies of EA output >250 Hz appear to be obsolete for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Huo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Song-Ping Han
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng-Yu Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Shou
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ling-Yu Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tian-Jia Song
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fu-Jun Zhai
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Ji-Sheng Han
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Neurobiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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21
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Shin JH, Fan Y, Kim DH, Jang HB, Chang S, Ryu Y, Bae JH, Lee S, Lee BH, Steffensen SC, Yang CH, Kim HY. Paired mechanical and electrical acupuncture of neurogenic spots induces opioid-mediated suppression of hypertension in rats. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:14. [PMID: 32039692 PMCID: PMC7005077 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While our recent studies have suggested that effective acupoints display neurogenic inflammation and can be identified as neurogenic spots (Neuro-Sps), the optimal stimulation conditions and the underlying mechanisms remain uncharacterized. We developed a combined mechano-electrical acupuncture device (MEA) and examined the effects of acupuncture at Neuro-Sps on systolic blood pressure (BP) in a rat model of immobilization-induced hypertension (IMH) and the mediation of endogenous opioid systems in its effect. Cutaneous neurogenic spots were found mostly in the forelimb. Electrical and mechanical acupuncture of Neuro-Sps increased 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), c-Fos expression and cell excitability in the midbrain and synergistically alleviated the development of hypertension following immobilization stress, which was prevented by administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM). These findings suggest that mechanical and electrical stimulation at Neuro-Sps suppresses the development of hypertension via mediation of the endogenous opioid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Jong Han Bae
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbukdo, 38541, South Korea
| | - Sanghag Lee
- TriBell Lab, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbukdo, 38541, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea.
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22
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Chang S, Kim DH, Jang EY, Yoon SS, Gwak YS, Yi YJ, Lee JY, Ahn SH, Kim JM, Ryu YH, Kim SN, Roh HS, Lee MY, Kim SC, Lee BH, Kim HY, Yang CH. Acupuncture attenuates alcohol dependence through activation of endorphinergic input to the nucleus accumbens from the arcuate nucleus. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax1342. [PMID: 31517050 PMCID: PMC6726441 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A withdrawal-associated impairment in β-endorphin neurotransmission in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus is associated with alcohol dependence characterized by a chronic relapsing disorder. Although acupuncture activates β-endorphin neurons in the ARC projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a role for ARC β-endorphin neurons in alcohol dependence and acupuncture effects has not been examined. Here, we show that acupuncture at Shenmen (HT7) points attenuates behavioral manifestation of alcohol dependence by activating endorphinergic input to the NAc from the ARC. Acupuncture attenuated ethanol withdrawal tremor, anxiety-like behaviors, and ethanol self-administration in ethanol-dependent rats, which are mimicked by local injection of β-endorphin into the NAc. Acupuncture also reversed the decreased β-endorphin levels in the NAc and a reduction of neuronal activity in the ARC during ethanol withdrawal. These results suggest that acupuncture may provide a novel, potential treatment strategy for alcohol use disorder by direct activation of the brain pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Hyo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Shoon Yoon
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Gwak
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Yoo Jung Yi
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeon Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Hee Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mook Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Ryu
- Acupuncture, Moxibustion & Meridian Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Roh
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- College of Biomedical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (C.H.Y.); (H.Y.K.)
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (C.H.Y.); (H.Y.K.)
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23
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Chang S, Ryu Y, Fan Y, Bang SK, Kim NJ, Lee JG, Kim JM, Lee BH, Yang CH, Kim HY. Involvement of the Cuneate Nucleus in the Acupuncture Inhibition of Drug-Seeking Behaviors. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:928. [PMID: 31555084 PMCID: PMC6727429 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that acupuncture suppresses addictive behaviors induced by drugs of abuse, including cocaine, morphine and ethanol, by modulating GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The mechanisms by which the peripheral signals generated by acupoint stimulation are transmitted to brain reward systems are largely unexplored. The present study aims to investigate the role of spinal dorsal column (DC) somatosensory pathways in the acupuncture inhibition of drug addictive behaviors. Thus, we tested whether acupuncture at Shenmen (HT7) points reduces drug-seeking behaviors in rats self-administering morphine or ethanol and whether such effects are inhibited by the disruption of the cuneate nucleus (CN). The stimulation of HT7 suppressed morphine and ethanol self-administration, which were completely abolished by surgical lesioning of the CN. In in vivo extracellular recordings, single-unit activity of the CN was evoked during acupuncture stimulation. The results suggest that acupuncture suppresses morphine- and ethanol-seeking behaviors through the modulation of the CN, second-order neurons of the DC somatosensory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Se Kyun Bang
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Korean Convergence Medicine, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Nam Jun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Gyeom Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Mook Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
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24
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Seo SY, Kang SY, Kwon OS, Bang SK, Kim SP, Choi KH, Moon JY, Ryu Y. A mechanical acupuncture instrument mitigates the endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress of ovariectomized rats. Integr Med Res 2019; 8:187-194. [PMID: 31463191 PMCID: PMC6708984 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acupuncture has become a common complementary and alternative treatment approach for anxiety and depression. However, there is little research on the detailed mechanism of acupuncture therapy relieving depression. Previously, 17β-estradiol (E2) was shown to prevent oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. This study investigated whether stimulation of Sanyinjiao (SP6) using a mechanical acupuncture instrument can alleviate depression-like behavior caused by estrogen deficiency in OVX rats. Furthermore, we found that acupuncture reduced ER stress and oxidative stress-related proteins expression. Methods The OVX operation was performed on female SD rats that were separated into four groups: The E2 (2.5 μg/kg, i.p.) injection group (OVX + E2), the OVX group (OVX), and the OVX with acupuncture stimulation group (OVX + SP6). Non-acupoint stimulation group (OVX + NonAcu). The acupuncture point stimulation began three weeks after surgery. The depressive behavior was analyzed by the forced swim test and open field test. The 8-OHDG, BiP, Sigma receptor 1, pJNK, PDI, Ero1-Iα and Calnexin protein levels were evaluated by immunoreactivity in the amygdala. Results Acupuncture stimulation reduced depressive behavior and altered depression-related proteins. Stimulation of SP6 decreased the immobility time of the FST and altered the ER stress and oxidative stress marker proteins, such as 8-OHDG, BiP, pJNK, PDI, Ero1-Ia and Calnexin. Conclusion Our results indicated that acupuncture at SP6 showed a significant antidepressant-like effect on an OVX-induced depression rat model by mitigation of ER stress and oxidative stress in amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Seo
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Yun Kang
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - O Sang Kwon
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kyun Bang
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Phil Kim
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choi
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Moon
- Animal and Plant Quarantine AgencyGimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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25
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Bae SJ, Lim J, Lee S, Choi H, Jang JH, Kim YK, Oh JY, Park JH, Jung HS, Chae Y, In SI, Park HJ. Augmented Mechanical Forces of the Surface-Modified Nanoporous Acupuncture Needles Elicit Enhanced Analgesic Effects. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:652. [PMID: 31281240 PMCID: PMC6596406 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, clinical studies have shown significant analgesic effects of acupuncture. The efficacy of acupuncture treatment has improved with the recent development of nanoporous needles (PN), which are produced by modifying the needle surface using nanotechnology. Herein, we showed that PN at acupoint ST36 produces prolonged analgesic effects in an inflammatory pain model; the analgesic effects of PN acupuncture were sustained over 2 h, while those using a conventional needle (CN) lasted only 30 min. In addition, the PN showed greater therapeutic effects than CN after 10 acupuncture treatments once per day for 10 days. We explored how the porous surface of the PN contributes to changes in local tissue, which may in turn result in enhanced analgesic effects. We showed that the PN has greater rotational torque and pulling force than the CN, particularly at acupoints ST36 and LI11, situated on thick muscle layers. Additionally, in ex vivo experiments, the PN showed greater winding of subcutaneous connective tissues and muscle layers. Our results suggest that local mechanical forces are augmented by the PN and its nanoporous surface, contributing to the enhanced and prolonged analgesic effects of PN acupuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Jeong Bae
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junsik Lim
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon, South Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Hansaem Choi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Jang
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu-Kang Kim
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Oh
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Park
- Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Younbyung Chae
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Il In
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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26
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Kim NJ, Ryu Y, Lee BH, Chang S, Fan Y, Gwak YS, Yang CH, Bills KB, Steffensen SC, Koo JS, Jang EY, Kim HY. Acupuncture inhibition of methamphetamine-induced behaviors, dopamine release and hyperthermia in the nucleus accumbens: mediation of group II mGluR. Addict Biol 2019; 24:206-217. [PMID: 29363229 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) increases metabolic neuronal activity in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system and mediates the reinforcing effect. To explore the underlying mechanism of acupuncture intervention in reducing METH-induced behaviors, we investigated the effect of acupuncture on locomotor activity, ultrasonic vocalizations, extracellular DA release in the nucleus accumbens (NAcs) using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry and alterations of brain temperature (an indicator of local brain metabolic activity) produced by METH administration. When acupuncture was applied to HT7, but not TE4, both locomotor activity and 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations were suppressed in METH-treated rats. Acupuncture at HT7 attenuated the enhancement of electrically stimulated DA release in the NAc of METH-treated rats. Systemic injection of METH produced a sustained increase in NAc temperature, which was reversed by the DA D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 or acupuncture at HT7. Acupuncture inhibition of METH-induced NAc temperature was prevented by pre-treatment with a group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2/3) antagonist EGLU into the NAc or mimicked by injection of an mGluR2/3 agonist DCG-IV into the NAc. These results suggest that acupuncture reduces extracellular DA release and metabolic neuronal activity in the NAc through activation of mGluR2/3 and suppresses METH-induced affective states and locomotor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Jun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Acupuncture, Moxibustion & Meridian Research Center, Division of Standard Research; Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine; Daejeon Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
| | - Young S. Gwak
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
| | - Kyle B. Bills
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - Scott C. Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - Jin Suk Koo
- Department of Bioresource Science; Andong National University; Andong Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- College of Korean Medicine; Daegu Haany University; Daegu Korea
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27
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Chang S, Kwon OS, Bang SK, Kim DH, Baek MW, Ryu Y, Bae JH, Fan Y, Lee SM, Kim HK, Lee BH, Yang CH, Kim HY. Peripheral Sensory Nerve Tissue but Not Connective Tissue Is Involved in the Action of Acupuncture. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:110. [PMID: 30872987 PMCID: PMC6401607 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture has been used to treat a variety of diseases and symptoms for more than 2,500 years. While a number of studies have shown that nerves are responsible for initiating the effects of acupuncture, several lines of study have emphasized the role of connective tissue in the initiation of acupuncture signals. To determine whether nerves or connective tissue mediate the action of acupuncture, we constructed a robotic acupuncture needle twister that mimicked the twisting of the needle by an acupuncturist, and we examined the role of nerves and connective tissues in the generation of acupuncture effects in rat cocaine-induced locomotion, stress-induced hypertension, and mustard oil-induced visceral pain models. Robotic or manual twisting of acupuncture needles effectively suppressed cocaine-induced hyperactivity, elevated systemic blood pressure or mustard oil-induced visceral pain in rats. These acupuncture effects were completely abolished by injecting bupivacaine, a local anesthetic, into acupoints. However, disruption of connective tissue by injecting type I collagenase into acupoints did not affect these acupuncture effects. Our findings suggest that nerve tissue, but not connective tissue, is responsible for generating the effects of acupuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - O Sang Kwon
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Se Kyun Bang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min Won Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jong Han Bae
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Soo Min Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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28
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Bills KB, Clarke T, Major GH, Jacobson CB, Blotter JD, Feland JB, Steffensen SC. Targeted Subcutaneous Vibration With Single-Neuron Electrophysiology As a Novel Method for Understanding the Central Effects of Peripheral Vibrational Therapy in a Rodent Model. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325818825172. [PMID: 30728758 PMCID: PMC6350147 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818825172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about the effects of whole body vibration on the supraspinal central nervous system. Though much clinical outcome data and mechanistic data about peripheral neural and musculoskeletal mechanisms have been explored, the lack of central understanding is a barrier to evidence-based, best practice guidelines in the use of vibrational therapy. Disparate methods of administration render study to study comparisons difficult. To address this lack of uniformity, we present the use of targeted subcutaneous vibration combined with simultaneous in vivo electrophysiological recordings as a method of exploring the central effects of peripheral vibration therapy. We used implanted motors driven by both Grass stimulators and programmed microcontrollers to vary frequency and location of stimulation in an anesthetized in vivo rat model while simultaneously recording firing rate from gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area. We show that peripheral vibration can alter GABA neuron firing rate in a location- and frequency-dependent manner. We include detailed schematics and code to aid others in the replication of this technique. This method allows for control of previous weaknesses in the literature including variability in body position, vibrational intensity, node and anti-node interactions with areas of differing mechanoreceptor densities, and prefrontal cortex influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Bills
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - Travis Clarke
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - George H Major
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | | | | | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
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29
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Fan Y, Kim DH, Ryu Y, Chang S, Lee BH, Yang CH, Kim HY. Neuropeptides SP and CGRP Underlie the Electrical Properties of Acupoints. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:907. [PMID: 30618546 PMCID: PMC6299809 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical skin measurements at acupuncture points (acupoints) have been utilized as a diagnostic and therapeutic aid for more than 50 years. Although acupoints are described as having distinct electrical properties, such as high conductance and low impedance, the underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. The present study investigated in a rat model of hypertension whether the high conductance at acupoints is a result of the release of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) during neurogenic inflammation in the referred pain area. When plasma extravasation from neurogenic inflammation was examined by exploring the leakage of intravenously injected Evans blue dye (EBD) to the skin, extravasated EBD was found most frequently in acupoints on the wrist. The increased conductance and temperature at these acupoints occurred during the development of hypertension. The increase in conductance and plasma extravasation at acupoints in hypertensive rats was ablated by cutting median and ulnar nerves, blocking small diameter afferent fibers with resiniferatoxin (RTX) injection into median and ulnar nerves, or antagonizing SP or CGRP receptors in acupoints. In turn, intradermal injection of SP or CGRP resulted in increased conductance and plasma extravasation in naïve rats. Elevated levels of SP and CGRP were found in the acupoints of hypertensive rats. These findings suggest that the high conductance at acupoints is due to vascular leakage following local release of SP and CGRP during neurogenic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
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30
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Acupuncture on the Stress-Related Drug Relapse to Seeking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:5367864. [PMID: 30416533 PMCID: PMC6207895 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5367864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing disease, which causes serious social and economic problems. The most important trial for the successful treatment of drug addiction is to prevent the high rate of relapse to drug-seeking behaviors. Opponent process as a motivational theory with excessive drug seeking in the negative reinforcement of drug dependence reflects both loss of brain reward system and recruitment of brain stress system. The negative emotional state produced by brain stress system during drug withdrawal might contribute to the intense drug craving and drive drug-seeking behaviors via negative reinforcement mechanisms. Decrease in dopamine neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens and recruitment of corticotropin-releasing factor in the extended amygdala are hypothesized to be implicated in mediating this motivated behavior. Also, a brain stress response system is hypothesized to increase drug craving and contribute to relapse to drug-seeking behavior during the preoccupation and anticipation stage of dependence caused by the exposure to stress characterized as the nonspecific responses to any demands on the body. Acupuncture has proven to be effective for reducing drug addiction and stress-related psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Furthermore, acupuncture has been shown to correct reversible brain malfunctions by regulating drug addiction and stress-related neurotransmitters. Accordingly, it seems reasonable to propose that acupuncture attenuates relapse to drug-seeking behavior through inhibition of stress response. In this review, a brief description of stress in relapse to drug-seeking behavior and the effects of acupuncture were presented.
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Su X, Wu Z, Mai F, Fan Z, Du S, Qian H, Zhu J. 'Governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating' acupuncture therapy ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:221-232. [PMID: 30431067 PMCID: PMC6257833 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicinal therapy, which is used for the amelioration of cognitive dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and relevancy mechanisms of ‘governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy for cognitive dysfunction in rats with ischemia. For this purpose, we used the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method to induce cognitive dysfunction in rats. The behavioral changes in the rats were examined using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The effects of the treatment on oxidative stress response and the function of the mitochondria in brain tissues were also assessed. The results revealed that ‘governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy markedly improved the cognitive ability of the rats with cognitive dysfunction. The production of pro-oxidative stress factors, including nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was also blocked along with the amelioration of cognitive function, while the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and cyclooxygenase (COX) was restored. At the molecular level, the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the mitochondria was suppressed by ‘governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy, which may be attributed to the inhibition of the function of translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOMM40) and translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 17A (TIMM17A). On the whole, the findings of the present study confirm the effects of ‘governor vessel-unblocking and mind-regulating’ acupuncture therapy on cognitive dysfunction induced by brain ischemia in rats, and that the mechanisms underlying the effects of this treatment might be mediated through the inhibition of TOMM40 and TIMM17A synthesis, which can relieve mitochondrial dysfunction from the accumulation of Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Su
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Zuqiang Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Nanhai District Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Fangyong Mai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Department of Tuina, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Shujia Du
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Hong Qian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
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Fleckenstein J, Krüger P, Ittner KP. Effects of single-point acupuncture (HT7) in the prevention of test anxiety: Results of a RCT. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202659. [PMID: 30161153 PMCID: PMC6116988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of students using neuro enhancement to improve their performance and to prevent test anxiety is increasing. The acupuncture point Heart 7 (HT7) has been described as being prominent in reducing states of anxiety. Methods We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled, two-armed pilot trial to investigate the efficacy of a single-point acupuncture treatment at bilateral HT7 compared to sham laser acupuncture on test anxiety. Test anxiety was induced applying the standardised protocol of the Trier Social Stress Test. Outcome measures included saliva samples analysed for cortisol and amylase, anxiety questionnaires and heart rate variability. Results Twenty-five male subjects (age 28 ± 5 years) were allocated to either verum acupuncture (n = 12) or sham laser acupuncture (n = 13). Cortisol peaked 20 min after the stress test (2-fold, 18.11 ± 2 nmol/l) and amylase 10 min after (2-fold, 259 ± 49 U/ml) with no difference between groups. There were no differences between groups regarding either anxiety questionnaires or physiological parameters. Compared to reference data (3-fold increase in cortisol), increase in stress hormones and heart rate seemed somewhat reduced. Conclusions Acupuncture may be a possible approach for the treatment of anxiety. Due to the lack of a no control treatment group, we cannot determine the magnitude of possible specific needle effects at HT7 to promote specific effects in the neuroendocrine system. Finally this study only examines the efficacy of a single time treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Fleckenstein
- Department of TCM/Acupuncture, Institute of Complementary Medicine, University of Bern, Personalhaus 4 Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
- University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter Krüger
- University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Peter Ittner
- University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany
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Seo SY, Moon JY, Kang SY, Kwon OS, Kwon S, Bang SK, Kim SP, Choi KH, Ryu Y. An estradiol-independent BDNF-NPY cascade is involved in the antidepressant effect of mechanical acupuncture instruments in ovariectomized rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5849. [PMID: 29643431 PMCID: PMC5895789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Menopause-related depression devastates women's quality of life after middle age. Previous research has shown that estrogen hormone therapy has serious adverse effects; thus, complementary and integrative therapies have been considered clinically. The present study investigates whether stimulation of an acupoint using a mechanical acupuncture instrument (MAI) can mitigate depression-like behavior caused by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The animals were divided into Sham OVX, OVX, OVX + Sameumgyo (SP6) and OVX + NonAcu (non-acupuncture point) groups. MAI stimulation significantly increased the total distance traveled in the open-field test and the number of open-arm entries in the elevated plus maze and decreased the duration of immobility in the forced swim test. In addition to this decrease in depression-like behavior, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) release increased in the hippocampus in response to MAI treatment, but estradiol levels did not recover. Furthermore, microinjection of the BDNF receptor antagonist ANA-12 (0.1 pmol/1 μl) into the hippocampus before MAI stimulation significantly suppressed the recovery of NPY levels. Taken together, these findings indicate that MAI stimulation at SP6 facilitates an estradiol-independent BDNF-NPY cascade, which may contribute to its antidepressant effects in OVX rats, an animal model of menopausal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Seo
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Moon
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Yun Kang
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - O Sang Kwon
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunoh Kwon
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kyun Bang
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Phil Kim
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choi
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
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Spinal pathways involved in somatosensory inhibition of the psychomotor actions of cocaine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5359. [PMID: 28706288 PMCID: PMC5509652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that somatosensory stimuli influence dopamine transmission in the mesolimbic reward system and can reduce drug-induced motor behaviors, craving and dependence. Until now, the central links between somatosensory and brain reward systems are not known. Here, we show that the dorsal column (DC) somatosensory pathway contains projections that convey an inhibitory input from the periphery to mesolimbic reward circuits. Stimulation of the ulnar nerve under HT7 acupoint suppressed psychomotor response to cocaine, which was abolished by disruption of the DC pathway, but not the spinothalamic tract (STT). Low-threshold or wide-dynamic range neurons in the cuneate nucleus (CN) were excited by peripheral stimulation. Lesions of dorsal column or lateral habenula (LHb) prevented the inhibitory effects of peripheral stimulation on cocaine-induced neuronal activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). LHb neurons projecting to the ventral tegmental area (VTA)/rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) regions were activated by peripheral stimulation and LHb lesions reversed the inhibitory effects on cocaine locomotion produced by peripheral stimulation. These findings suggest that there exists a pathway in spinal cord that ascends from periphery to mesolimbic reward circuits (spino-mesolimbic pathway) and the activation of somatosensory input transmitted via the DC pathway can inhibit the psychomotor response to cocaine.
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Mechanical Stimulation of the HT7 Acupuncture Point to Reduce Ethanol Self-Administration in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017. [PMID: 28638432 PMCID: PMC5468558 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6578621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Alcoholism, which is a disabling addiction disorder, is a major public health problem worldwide. The present study was designed to determine whether the application of acupuncture at the Shenmen (HT7) point suppresses voluntary alcohol consumption in addicted rats and whether this suppressive effect is potentiated by the administration of naltrexone. Methods Rats were initially trained to self-administer a sucrose solution by operating a lever. A mechanical acupuncture instrument (MAI) for objective mechanical stimulation was used on rats whose baseline response had been determined. In addition, the effect of HT7 acupuncture on beta-endorphin concentration and ethanol intake via naltrexone were investigated in different groups. Results We found that ethanol intake and beta-endorphin level in rats being treated with the MAI at the HT7 point reduced significantly. The treatment of naltrexone at high doses reduced the ethanol intake and low-dose injection of naltrexone in conjunction with the MAI also suppressed ethanol intake. Conclusions The results of the current study indicate that using the MAI at the HT7 point effectively reduces ethanol consumption in rats. Furthermore, the coadministration of the MAI and a low dose of naltrexone can produce some more potent reducing effect of ethanol intake than can acupuncture alone.
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Quiroz-González S, Torres-Castillo S, López-Gómez RE, Jiménez Estrada I. Acupuncture Points and Their Relationship with Multireceptive Fields of Neurons. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2017; 10:81-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Effects of Electroacupuncture on Methamphetamine-Induced Behavioral Changes in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5642708. [PMID: 28400844 PMCID: PMC5376430 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5642708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a major drug of abuse worldwide, and no efficient therapeutic strategies for treating METH addiction are currently available. Continuous METH use can cause behavioral upregulation or psychosis. The dopaminergic pathways, particularly the neural circuitry from the ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), have a critical role in this behavioral stage. Acupuncture has been used for treating diseases in China for more than 2000 years. According to a World Health Organization report, acupuncture can be used to treat several functional disorders, including substance abuse. In addition, acupuncture is effective against opioids addiction. In this study, we used electroacupuncture (EA) for treating METH-induced behavioral changes and investigated the possible therapeutic mechanism. Results showed that EA at the unilateral Zhubin (KI9)–Taichong (LR3) significantly reduced METH-induced behavioral sensitization and conditioned place preference. In addition, both dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels decreased but monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) levels increased in the NAc of the METH-treated mice receiving EA compared with those not receiving EA. EA may be a useful nonpharmacological approach for treating METH-induced behavioral changes, probably because it reduces the METH-induced TH expression and dopamine levels and raises MAO-A expression in the NAc.
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Zhang B, Xu H, Wang J, Liu B, Sun G. A narrative review of non-operative treatment, especially traditional Chinese medicine therapy, for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Biosci Trends 2017; 11:406-417. [DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Haidong Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Juntao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Guodong Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
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Hierarchical Micro/Nano-Porous Acupuncture Needles Offering Enhanced Therapeutic Properties. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34061. [PMID: 27713547 PMCID: PMC5054419 DOI: 10.1038/srep34061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention has been widely used for treatment of many pathophysiological disorders. For achieving improved therapeutic effects, relatively thick acupuncture needles have been frequently used in clinical practice with, in turn, enhanced stimulation intensity. However due to the discomforting nature of the larger-diameter acupuncture needles there is considerable interest in developing advanced acupuncture therapeutical techniques that provide more comfort with improved efficacy. So motivated, we have developed a new class of acupuncture needles, porous acupuncture needles (PANs) with hierarchical micro/nano-scale conical pores upon the surface, fabricated via a simple and well known electrochemical process, with surface area approximately 20 times greater than conventional acupuncture needles. The performance of these high-surface-area PANs is evaluated by monitoring the electrophysiological and behavioral responses from the in vivo stimulation of Shenmen (HT7) points in Wistar rats, showing PANs to be more effective in controlling electrophysiological and behavioral responses than conventional acupuncture needles. Comparative analysis of cocaine induced locomotor activity using PANs and thick acupuncture needles shows enhanced performance of PANs with significantly less pain sensation. Our work offers a unique pathway for achieving a comfortable and improved acupuncture therapeutic effect.
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Motlagh FE, Ibrahim F, Rashid RA, Seghatoleslam T, Habil H. Acupuncture therapy for drug addiction. Chin Med 2016; 11:16. [PMID: 27053944 PMCID: PMC4822281 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-016-0088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture therapy has been used to treat substance abuse. This study aims to review experimental studies examining the effects of acupuncture on addiction. Research and review articles on acupuncture treatment of substance abuse published between January 2000 and September 2014 were searched using the databases ISI Web of Science Core Collection and EBSCO’s MEDLINE Complete. Clinical trial studies on the efficacy of acupuncture therapy for substance abuse were classified according to substance (cocaine, opioid, nicotine, and alcohol), and their treatment protocols, assessments, and findings were examined. A total of 119 studies were identified, of which 85 research articles addressed the efficacy of acupuncture for treating addiction. There were substantial variations in study protocols, particularly regarding treatment duration, frequency of electroacupuncture, duration of stimulation, and choice of acupoints. Contradictory results, intergroup differences, variation in sample sizes, and acupuncture placebo effects made it difficult to evaluate acupuncture effectiveness in drug addiction treatment. This review also identified a lack of rigorous study design, such as control of confounding variables by incorporating sham controls, sufficient sample sizes, reliable assessments, and adequately replicated experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Esmaeili Motlagh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Centre of Addiction Sciences, University of Malaya, 21st Floor, Wisma Research and Development, Jalan Pantai Baru, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rusdi Abd Rashid
- Centre of Addiction Sciences, University of Malaya, 21st Floor, Wisma Research and Development, Jalan Pantai Baru, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tahereh Seghatoleslam
- Centre of Addiction Sciences, University of Malaya, 21st Floor, Wisma Research and Development, Jalan Pantai Baru, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hussain Habil
- Centre of Addiction Sciences, University of Malaya, 21st Floor, Wisma Research and Development, Jalan Pantai Baru, 59200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Combined approaches for the relief of spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain. Complement Ther Med 2016; 25:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Wu ML, Xu DS, Bai WZ, Cui JJ, Shu HM, He W, Wang XY, Shi H, Su YS, Hu L, Zhu B, Jing XH. Local cutaneous nerve terminal and mast cell responses to manual acupuncture in acupoint LI4 area of the rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2015; 68:14-21. [PMID: 26148746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the effects of manual acupuncture (MA) are contributed by collagen fibers and mast cells in local acupoints, at which acupuncture stimulation causes various afferent fiber groups to be excited. However what happens in local nerve fibers and mast cells after MA remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the response of cutaneous nerve fibers and mast cells to MA stimulation in acupoint Hegu (LI4). The contralateral LI4 of the same rat was used as a non-stimulated control. Immnohistochemistry analysis were carried out to observe the expression of histamine (HA), serotonin (5-HT) and nociceptive neuropeptides, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP), in the LI4 area. Mast cells were labeled with anti-mast cell tryptase antibody and simultaneously with HA or 5-HT primary antibodies to observe their co-expression. Our results showed that SP and CGRP were expressed more highly on the cutaneous nerve fibers of LI4 after MA stimulation than that of the control. Mast cells aggregated in close proximity to the blood vessels in intra-epidermis and dermis and some of them with degranulation in the lower dermis and subcutaneous tissue of LI4. Both mast cells and their granules appeared with HA (+) and 5-HT (+) expression at stimulated L14 sites, while a few intact mast cells with a little expression of 5-HT and HA were distributed in areas of non-stimulated L14. The results indicated that local cutaneous nerve terminals and mast cells responded to MA with higher expression of SP and CGRP in nerve fibers, as well as with aggregation and degranulation of mast cells with HA and 5-HT granules at acupoint LI4. These neuroactive substances may convey signals to certain pathways that contribute to the effects of acupuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Wu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Xu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wan-Zhu Bai
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Cui
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Hong-Ming Shu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Wei He
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Hong Shi
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Yang-Shuai Su
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Ling Hu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Bing Zhu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiang-Hong Jing
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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