1
|
Austrich A, Mora MS, Mapelli FJ, Fameli A, Kittlein MJ. Influences of landscape characteristics and historical barriers on the population genetic structure in the endangered sand-dune subterranean rodent Ctenomys australis. Genetica 2020; 148:149-164. [PMID: 32451787 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-020-00096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the processes and patterns of local adaptation and migration involves an exhaustive knowledge of how landscape features and population distances shape the genetic variation at the geographical level. Ctenomys australis is an endangered subterranean rodent characterized by having a restricted geographic range immerse in a highly fragmented sand dune landscape in the Southeast of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. We use 13 microsatellite loci in a total of 194 individuals from 13 sampling sites to assess the dispersal patterns and population structure in the complete geographic range of this endemic species. Our analyses show that populations are highly structured with low rates of gene flow among them. Genetic differentiation among sampling sites was consistent with an isolation by distance pattern, however, an important fraction of the population differentiation was explained by natural barriers such as rivers and streams. Although the individuals were sampled at locations distanced from each other, we also use some landscape genetics approaches to evaluate the effects of landscape configuration on the genetic connectivity among populations. These analyses showed that the sand dune habitat availability (the most suitable habitat for the occupation of the species), was one of the main factors that explained the differentiation patterns of the different sampling sites located on both sides of the Quequén Salado River. Finally, habitat availability was directly associated with the width of the sand dune landscape in the Southeast of Buenos Aires province, finding the greatest genetic differentiation among the populations of the Northeast, where this landscape is narrower.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Austrich
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, (IIMyC, CONICET),, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 3th Floor, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Matías S Mora
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, (IIMyC, CONICET),, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 3th Floor, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Fernando J Mapelli
- Grupo de Genética y Ecología Para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", CONICET, Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto Fameli
- Grupo de Genética y Ecología Para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", CONICET, Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo J Kittlein
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, (IIMyC, CONICET),, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 3th Floor, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Conservation status, protected area coverage of Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) species and molecular identification of a population in a national park. Mamm Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-019-00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
3
|
Koohkanzadeh M, Pramual P, Fekrat L. Genetic Analysis of Populations of the Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae), in Iran. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 48:594-603. [PMID: 30617740 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0659-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) as one of the most devastating species of the genus Bactrocera is a notorious polyphagous fruit fly pest attacking lots of commercially important host plant species in many parts of the world including Iran. Despite economic importance, the population genetics of B. zonata have remained relatively unexplored in the country. In this study, the genetic structure, genetic diversity, and demographic history of this pest in Iran were investigated on the basis of cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (COI) sequences. A total of 21 haplotypes were identified from 66 individuals collected from seven locations. Genetic diversity indices (number of haplotypes, haplotype diversity, and nucleotide diversity) revealed high genetic diversity without any isolation by distance among the geographic areas. An overall low level of genetic differentiation between populations revealed by genetic structure analysis reinforces the hypothesis of free movement of flies throughout the geographic areas. Non-significant correlation between genetic distances and geographic distances was an indication of a high level of gene flow among the studied populations of the pest. In addition, the recent population expansion following a recent past bottleneck could be a factor that might be contributed to the overall low level of the genetic structure. Mismatch distribution analysis as well as Tajima's D and Fu's FS tests strengthens the likelihood of a recent expanded population following a population bottleneck.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Koohkanzadeh
- Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - P Pramual
- Dept of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai District, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - L Fekrat
- Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kubiak BB, Gutiérrez EE, Galiano D, Maestri R, Freitas TROD. Can Niche Modeling and Geometric Morphometrics Document Competitive Exclusion in a Pair of Subterranean Rodents (Genus Ctenomys) with Tiny Parapatric Distributions? Sci Rep 2017; 7:16283. [PMID: 29176709 PMCID: PMC5701118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Species with similar ecological requirements coexisting in the same geographic region are prone to competitively exclude each other. Alternatively, they may coexist if character displacement acts to change the niche requirements of one or both species. We used two methodological approaches (ecological niche modeling [ENM] and geometric morphometrics) to test two hypotheses: given their behavioral, morphological, and ecological similarities, one species competitively excludes the other; and, character displacement enables their coexistence at two sites in which the species are known to occur in sympatry. The results from the ENM-based approach did not provide evidence for competitive exclusion; however, the morphometric analyses documented displacement in size of C. minutus. This result, suggests that C. minutus might exclude C. flamarioni from areas with softer soils and higher food availability. We stress the importance of using multiple methodological approaches when testing prediction of competitive exclusion. However, both methods had limited explanatory power given that the focal species possess truly peculiar distributions, being largely parapatric and restricted to narrow, small geographic areas with a strange distribution and there is a need to search for additional methods. We discuss the idiosyncrasy of the ENM-based approach when applied to organisms with subterranean habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno B Kubiak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - Campus de Frederico Westphalen, Av. Assis Brasil 709, 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen, Brazil.
| | - Eliécer E Gutiérrez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Av. Roraima n. 1000, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
- Programa Nacional de Pós Doutorado em Ecologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Campus UnB, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Division of Mammals, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel Galiano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais - Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, - Avenida Senador Attílio Fontana, 591-E, CEP 89809-000, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Renan Maestri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thales R O de Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kubiak BB, Maestri R, Borges LR, Galiano D, de Freitas TRO. Interspecific interactions may not influence home range size in subterranean rodents: a case study of two tuco-tuco species (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae). J Mammal 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
6
|
Kubiak BB, Galiano D, Freitas TRO. Can the environment influence species home‐range size? A case study on
Ctenomys minutus
(Rodentia, Ctenomyidae). J Zool (1987) 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. B. Kubiak
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - D. Galiano
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Ambientais Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó Chapecó Brazil
| | - T. R. O. Freitas
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Galiano D, Kubiak BB, Menezes LS, Overbeck GE, de Freitas TRO. Wet soils affect habitat selection of a solitary subterranean rodent (Ctenomys minutus) in a Neotropical region. J Mammal 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyw062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Subterranean rodents are characterized by limited individual mobility and patchy distribution of local populations. Habitat patches where the species is absent may either be unoccupied, but suitable patches, or in fact unsuitable as habitat due to specific habitat features. In the coastal plain of southern Brazil, Ctenomys minutus (Ctenomyidae) inhabits sandy grasslands and dunes. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationship between the distribution of this subterranean rodent and its environment. We considered vegetation and soil features. Our results showed that habitat occupancy patterns of C. minutus are determined by soil moisture and vegetation (food supply), but there might be other habitat features that regulate the habitat choice of this mammal. Habitat discontinuities in the coastal plain of southern Brazil, with numerous barriers to dispersal, are responsible for restricting individuals to their natal areas. This might result in increased intraspecific competition within each population and, consequently, in inbreeding.
Os roedores subterrâneos são caracterizados pela baixa mobilidade dos indivíduos e por apresentarem populações distribuídas em manchas de habitat. As manchas em que os indivíduos estão ausentes podem ser locais desocupados, porém que apresentam condições adequadas para a ocupação, ou de fato serem locais inadequados devido a algumas características ambientais específicas. Na planície costeira do sul do Brasil, a espécie Ctenomys minutus (Ctenomyidae) habita regiões de campos arenosos e dunas costeiras. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a relação entre a distribuição deste roedor subterrâneo e o ambiente em que ele habita. Para tal, consideramos características da vegetação e do solo. Nossos resultados demonstraram que o padrão de ocupação de C. minutus é determinado pela umidade do solo e vegetação (recurso alimentar), mas podem existir outras características que regulam a escolha do habitat deste mamífero. As descontinuidades de habitat na planície costeira do sul do Brasil, com inúmeras barreiras para a dispersão da espécie, são responsáveis por restringir os indivíduos as suas áreas natais. Isso pode resultar no aumento da competição intra-específica dentro das populações e, consequentemente, na endogamia.
Collapse
|
8
|
Maestri R, Fornel R, Galiano D, de Freitas TRO. Niche suitability affects development: skull asymmetry increases in less suitable areas. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122412. [PMID: 25874364 PMCID: PMC4398368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For conservation purposes, it is important to take into account the suitability of a species to particular habitats; this information may predict the long-term survival of a species. In this sense, morphological measures of developmental stress, such as fluctuating asymmetry, can be proxies for an individual’s performance in different regions. In this study, we conducted tests to determine whether areas with different levels of suitability for a species (generated by ecological niche models) were congruent with morphological markers that reflect environmental stress and morphological variance. We generated a Maxent niche model and compared the suitability assessments of several areas with the skull morphology data (fluctuating asymmetry and morphological disparity) of populations of the Atlantic forest endemic to Brazil rodent Akodon cursor. Our analyses showed a significant negative relationship between suitability levels and fluctuating asymmetry levels, which indicates that in less suitable areas, the individuals experience numerous disturbances during skull ontogeny. We have not found an association between morphological variance and environmental suitability. As expected, these results suggest that in environments with a lower suitability, developmental stress is increased. Such information is helpful in the understanding of the species evolution and in the selection of priority areas for the conservation of species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renan Maestri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Rodrigo Fornel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galiano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thales R. O. de Freitas
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kubiak BB, Galiano D, de Freitas TRO. Sharing the space: distribution, habitat segregation and delimitation of a new sympatric area of subterranean rodents. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123220. [PMID: 25856399 PMCID: PMC4391710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Subterranean rodents of the genus Ctenomys usually present an allopatric or parapatric distribution. Currently, two cases of sympatry have been recognized for the genus in the coastal dunes of southern Argentina and southern Brazil. In this context, they are ideal models to test hypotheses about the factors that delimit the patterns of space use and to understand interspecific interactions in small mammals. We investigated the vegetation structure, plant biomass and soil hardness selected by two species of subterranean rodents (Ctenomys flamarioni and C. minutus) when distributed in sympatry and allopatry from nine different areas along the line of coastal dunes in southern Brazil. In addition, our work presents a new record of a third area of sympatry for the genus Ctenomys. Ctenomys flamarioni and C. minutus show habitat segregation in the area where they occur in sympatry. These species show segregation in their selection of microhabitats, differing in relation to soil hardness, plant biomass, and plant cover. Ctenomys flamarioni showed a distinction in habitat selection when occurring in allopatry and sympatry, whereas C. minutus selected the same habitat characteristics under both conditions. A possible explanation to the observed pattern is that these species have acquired different adaptations over time which allows them the ability to exploit different resources and thus avoid competitive interactions all together.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Busnello Kubiak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galiano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional do Alto Uruguai e das Missões—Campus de Erechim, Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Thales Renato Ochotorena de Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|