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Molecular Species Delimitation Using COI Barcodes of Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Coffee Plants in Espírito Santo, Brazil. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Mealybugs are insects belonging to the family Pseudococcidae. This family includes many plant-pest species with similar morphologies, which may lead to errors in mealybug identification and delimitation. In the present study, we employed molecular-species-delimitation approaches based on distance (ASAP) and coalescence (GMYC and mPTP) methods to identify mealybugs collected from coffee and other plant hosts in the states of Espírito Santo, Bahia, Minas Gerais, and Pernambuco, Brazil. We obtained 171 new COI sequences, and 565 from the BOLD Systems database, representing 26 candidate species of Pseudococcidae. The MOTUs estimated were not congruent across different methods (ASAP-25; GMYC-30; mPTP-22). Misidentifications were revealed in the sequences from the BOLD Systems database involving Phenacoccus solani × Ph. solenopsis, Ph. tucumanus × Ph. baccharidis, and Planacoccus citri × Pl. minor species. Ten mealybug species were collected from coffee plants in Espírito Santo. Due to the incorrect labeling of the species sequences, the COI barcode library of the dataset from the database needs to be carefully analyzed to avoid the misidentification of species. The systematics and taxonomy of mealybugs may be improved by integrative taxonomy which may facilitate the integrated pest management of these pests.
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Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Grégoire J, Malumphy C, Antonatos S, Kertesz V, Maiorano A, Papachristos D, MacLeod A. Pest categorisation of Pseudococcus cryptus. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07145. [PMID: 35281643 PMCID: PMC8899906 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Assessing adverse impact of the native biological control disruptors in the colonies of the recent invasive pest Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in India. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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lin D, Zhang L, Shao W, Li X, Liu X, Wu H, Rao Q. Phylogenetic analyses and characteristics of the microbiomes from five mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:1972-1984. [PMID: 30847086 PMCID: PMC6392364 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations between Sternorrhyncha insects and intracellular bacteria are common in nature. Mealybugs are destructive pests that seriously threaten the production of agriculture and forestry. Mealybugs have evolved intimate endosymbiotic relationships with bacteria, which provide them with essential amino acids, vitamins, and other nutrients. In this study, the divergence of five mealybugs was analyzed based up the sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI). Meanwhile, the distinct regions of the 16S rRNA gene of primary symbionts in the mealybugs were sequenced. Finally, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques were used to study the microbial abundance and diversity in mealybugs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that these five mealybugs were subdivided into two different clusters. One cluster of mealybugs (Dysmicoccus neobrevipes, Pseudococcus comstocki, and Planococcus minor) harbored the primary endosymbiont "Candidatus Tremblaya princeps," and another cluster (Phenacoccus solenopsis and Phenacoccus solani) harbored "Ca. Tremblaya phenacola." The mtCOI sequence divergence between the two clusters was similar to the 16S rRNA sequence divergence between T. princeps and T. phenacola. Thus, we concluded that the symbiont phylogeny was largely concordant with the host phylogeny. The HTS showed that the microbial abundance and diversity within P. solani and P. solenopsis were highly similar, and there was lower overall species richness compared to the other mealybugs. Among the five mealybugs, we also found significant differences in Shannon diversity and observed species. These results provide a theoretical basis for further research on the coevolution of mealybugs and their symbiotic microorganisms. These findings are also useful for research on the effect of symbiont diversity on the pest status of mealybugs in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan lin
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Weidong Shao
- Zhoushan Entry‐exit Inspection and Quarantine BreauNingboChina
| | - Xuelian Li
- Ningbo Entry‐exit Inspection and Quarantine BureauNingboChina
| | - Xunyue Liu
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huiming Wu
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qiong Rao
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceZhejiang A & F UniversityHangzhouChina
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Bertin A, Lerin S, Botton M, Parra JRP. Temperature Thresholds and Thermal Requirements for Development and Survival of Dysmicoccus brevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Table Grapes. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 48:71-77. [PMID: 30051261 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is an important climate factor that has a direct influence on insect biology and consequently a crucial role in forecasting and integrated pest management. The mealybug Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the most common species in Brazilian vineyards. Here, development and survival of D. brevipes on leaves of table grapes (Vitis vinifera cv. Itália) were studied at five constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 28, and 30 ± 1°C) under laboratory conditions. We investigated the developmental time and nymphal survival, temperature thresholds, and the degree-day requirements for each life stage of D. brevipes. The developmental time for the nymphal stage ranged from 32 to 130 days with decreasing the temperature, with the temperatures of 28 and 30°C providing the shorter developmental time. Survival of the entire nymphal stage was affected by the temperature, ranging from 81% at 20°C to 1% at 15°C. The predicted upper lethal temperature was 34.5°C, while the optimal temperature was 28.6°C. The minimum threshold for total development of D. brevipes occurred at 8.2°C. Dysmicoccus brevipes required 678.4 degree-days to complete development from first-instar nymph to adult. The temperature of 30°C was the most suitable for the development of D. brevipes. The thermal thresholds estimated for D. brevipes life cycle suggest that this species can develop in different table grape-producing regions of Brazil, in a temperature range between 8 and 35°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bertin
- Depto de Entomologia e Acarologia, Univ de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias 11, CP 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brasil.
| | - S Lerin
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande Do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brasil
| | - M Botton
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brasil
| | - J R P Parra
- Depto de Entomologia e Acarologia, Univ de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias 11, CP 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brasil
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Tedersoo L, Drenkhan R, Anslan S, Morales‐Rodriguez C, Cleary M. High-throughput identification and diagnostics of pathogens and pests: Overview and practical recommendations. Mol Ecol Resour 2019; 19:47-76. [PMID: 30358140 PMCID: PMC7379260 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput identification technologies provide efficient tools for understanding the ecology and functioning of microorganisms. Yet, these methods have been only rarely used for monitoring and testing ecological hypotheses in plant pathogens and pests in spite of their immense importance in agriculture, forestry and plant community dynamics. The main objectives of this manuscript are the following: (a) to provide a comprehensive overview about the state-of-the-art high-throughput quantification and molecular identification methods used to address population dynamics, community ecology and host associations of microorganisms, with a specific focus on antagonists such as pathogens, viruses and pests; (b) to compile available information and provide recommendations about specific protocols and workable primers for bacteria, fungi, oomycetes and insect pests; and (c) to provide examples of novel methods used in other microbiological disciplines that are of great potential use for testing specific biological hypotheses related to pathology. Finally, we evaluate the overall perspectives of the state-of-the-art and still evolving methods for diagnostics and population- and community-level ecological research of pathogens and pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leho Tedersoo
- Natural History Museum and Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Rein Drenkhan
- Institute of Forestry and Rural EngineeringEstonian University of Life SciencesTartuEstonia
| | - Sten Anslan
- Natural History Museum and Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | | | - Michelle Cleary
- Southern Swedish Forest Research CentreSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
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Guindani AN, Nondillo A, Pacheco da Silva VC, Andzeiewski S, Azevedo Filho WSD, Bueno OC, Botton M. Interaction Between Linepithema micans (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the Vine Mealybug Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): Trophobiosis or Predation? ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:1209-1215. [PMID: 29939240 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvy089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has recently been detected in vineyards in southern Brazil. The ant Linepithema micans (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is the most abundant and frequent species in these vineyards, acting mainly as a disperser of the native soil scale, the ground pearl Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Wille) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae). This study evaluated the interactions (dispersal and predation) of L. micans with P. ficus. The first experiment evaluated the interaction between L. micans and P. ficus in a greenhouse, using Paulsen 1103 rootstock (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris) planted in pots. Plants were infested by 1) adult females of P. ficus, and 2) adult females of P. ficus and L. micans, and all mealybugs remaining after the experimental period were counted. To evaluate P. ficus predation by L. micans, two laboratory experiments were conducted (25°C, 80% relative humidity). In the first experiment, sprouted potatoes were infested with ovisacs, first-instar nymphs and adult females of P. ficus and evaluated in three treatments: 1) L. micans fed with carbohydrate and protein, 2) L. micans without food, and 3) without ants present. In the second, potatoes were infested only with first-instar nymphs of P. ficus and were exposed in two treatments: 1) L. micans without food, and 2) without ants present. The results were evaluated by counting the remaining mealybugs, with and without ants. The results showed that L. micans does not transport P. ficus, and predates on first-instar nymphs of the mealybug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Nobre Guindani
- Laboratório de Entomolgia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
- Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Vacaria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Nondillo
- Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Vacaria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Andzeiewski
- Laboratório de Entomolgia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Odair C Bueno
- Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP Brazil
| | - Marcos Botton
- Laboratório de Entomolgia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
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9
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Dewer Y, Abdel-Fattah RS, Schneider SA. Molecular and morphological identification of the mealybug,Phenacoccus solaniFerris (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): first report in Egypt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/epp.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Dewer
- Bioassay Research Department; Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory; Sabahia Plant Protection Research Station; Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabahia; Baccous PO Box 21616 Alexandria (Egypt)
| | - R. S. Abdel-Fattah
- Scale Insects and Mealybugs Department; Plant Protection Research Institute; Sabahia Plant Protection Research Station; Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabahia; Baccous PO Box 21616 Alexandria (Egypt)
| | - S. A. Schneider
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service; Systematic Entomology Laboratory; Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center; Building 005 - Room 004, 10300 Baltimore Avenue Beltsville MD 20705 (USA)
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Daane KM, Vincent C, Isaacs R, Ioriatti C. Entomological Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Viticulture in a Global Market. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:193-214. [PMID: 29324036 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-010715-023547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Viticulture has experienced dramatic global growth in acreage and value. As the international exchange of goods has increased, so too has the market demand for sustainably produced products. Both elements redefine the entomological challenges posed to viticulture and have stimulated significant advances in arthropod pest control programs. Vineyard managers on all continents are increasingly combating invasive species, resulting in the adoption of novel insecticides, semiochemicals, and molecular tools to support sustainable viticulture. At the local level, vineyard management practices consider factors such as the surrounding natural ecosystem, risk to fish populations, and air quality. Coordinated multinational responses to pest invasion have been highly effective and have, for example, resulted in eradication of the moth Lobesia botrana from California vineyards, a pest found in 2009 and eradicated by 2016. At the global level, the shared pests and solutions for their suppression will play an increasing role in delivering internationally sensitive pest management programs that respond to invasive pests, climate change, novel vector and pathogen relationships, and pesticide restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent M Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3114;
| | - Charles Vincent
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec J3B 3E6, Canada;
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;
| | - Claudio Ioriatti
- Technological Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento 38010, Italy;
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Barbosa PRR, Oliveira MD, Barros EM, Michaud JP, Torres JB. Differential impacts of six insecticides on a mealybug and its coccinellid predator. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 147:963-971. [PMID: 29029382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Broad-spectrum insecticides may disrupt biological control and cause pest resurgence due to their negative impacts on natural enemies. The preservation of sustainable pest control in agroecosystems requires parallel assessments of insecticide toxicity to target pests and their key natural enemies. In the present study, the leaf dipping method was used to evaluate the relative toxicity of six insecticides to the striped mealybug, Ferrisia dasylirii (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and its predator, Tenuisvalvae notata (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Three neurotoxic insecticides, lambda-cyhalothrin, methidathion and thiamethoxam, caused complete mortality of both pest and predator when applied at their highest field rates. In contrast, lufenuron, pymetrozine and pyriproxyfen caused moderate mortality of third-instar mealybug nymphs, and exhibited low or no toxicity to either larvae or adults of the lady beetle. At field rates, lufenuron and pymetrozine had negligible effects on prey consumption, development or reproduction of T. notata, but adults failed to emerge from pupae when fourth instar larvae were exposed to pyriproxyfen. In addition, pyriproxyfen caused temporary sterility; T. notata females laid non-viable eggs for three days after exposure, but recovered egg fertility thereafter. Our results indicate that the three neurotoxic insecticides can potentially control F. dasylirii, but are hazardous to its natural predator. In contrast, lufenuron and pymetrozine appear compatible with T. notata, although they appear less effective against the mealybug. Although the acute toxicity of pyriproxyfen to T. notata was low, some pupal mortality and reduced egg fertility suggest that this material could impede the predator's numerical response to mealybug populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R R Barbosa
- Departamento de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Martin D Oliveira
- Departamento de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Barros
- Departamento de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - J P Michaud
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Hays, KS, 67601, USA
| | - Jorge B Torres
- Departamento de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
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Pacheco da Silva VC, Kaydan MB, Malausa T, Germain JF, Palero F, Botton M. Integrative taxonomy methods reveal high mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) diversity in southern Brazilian fruit crops. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15741. [PMID: 29147020 PMCID: PMC5691041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Serra Gaúcha region is the most important temperate fruit-producing area in southern Brazil. Despite mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) infesting several host plants in the region, there is a lack of information about the composition of species damaging different crops. A survey of mealybug species associated with commercial fruit crops (apple, persimmon, strawberry and grapes) was performed in Serra Gaúcha between 2013 and 2015, using both morphology and DNA analyses for species identification. The most abundant species were Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret), found on all four host plant species, and Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), infesting persimmon, vines and weeds. The highest diversity of mealybug species was found on persimmon trees, hosting 20 different taxa, of which Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, D. brevipes, Pseudococcus sociabilis Hambleton and Ps. viburni were the most abundant. A total of nine species were recorded in vineyards. Planococcus ficus (Signoret) and Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti) were observed causing damage to grapes for the first time. A single species, Ps. viburni, was found associated with apples, while both Ps. viburni and Ferrisia meridionalis Williams were found on strawberry. Four of the mealybug species found represent new records for Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Bora Kaydan
- Imamoglu Vocational School, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.,Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research and Application Centre, Adana, Turkey
| | - Thibaut Malausa
- INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia, Antipolis, France
| | - Jean-François Germain
- Anses, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité d'Entomologie et Plantes Invasives, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Ferran Palero
- INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia, Antipolis, France.,Dept. Marine Ecology, Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes, Blanes, Spain
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Amouroux P, Crochard D, Germain JF, Correa M, Ampuero J, Groussier G, Kreiter P, Malausa T, Zaviezo T. Genetic diversity of armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Chile. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2014. [PMID: 28515435 PMCID: PMC5435716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01997-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scale insects (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) are one of the most invasive and agriculturally damaging insect groups. Their management and the development of new control methods are currently jeopardized by the scarcity of identification data, in particular in regions where no large survey coupling morphological and DNA analyses have been performed. In this study, we sampled 116 populations of armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and 112 populations of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Chile, over a latitudinal gradient ranging from 18°S to 41°S, on fruit crops, ornamental plants and trees. We sequenced the COI and 28S genes in each population. In total, 19 Diaspididae species and 11 Coccidae species were identified morphologically. From the 63 COI haplotypes and the 54 28S haplotypes uncovered, and using several DNA data analysis methods (Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery, K2P distance, NJ trees), up to 36 genetic clusters were detected. Morphological and DNA data were congruent, except for three species (Aspidiotus nerii, Hemiberlesia rapax and Coccus hesperidum) in which DNA data revealed highly differentiated lineages. More than 50% of the haplotypes obtained had no high-scoring matches with any of the sequences in the GenBank database. This study provides 63 COI and 54 28S barcode sequences for the identification of Coccoidea from Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Amouroux
- Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - D Crochard
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia, Antipolis, France
| | - J-F Germain
- ANSES, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, unité Entomologie et Plantes Invasives, CBGP, 755 avenue du Campus Agropolis, 34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - M Correa
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia, Antipolis, France
| | - J Ampuero
- Xilema-ANASAC Control Biológico, San Pedro, Quillota, Chile
| | - G Groussier
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia, Antipolis, France
| | - P Kreiter
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia, Antipolis, France
| | - T Malausa
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia, Antipolis, France
| | - T Zaviezo
- Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Pacheco da Silva VC, Kaydan MB, Germain JF, Malausa T, Botton M. Three new species of mealybug (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Pseudococcidae) on persimmon fruit trees (Diospyros kaki) in southern Brazil. Zookeys 2016:61-82. [PMID: 27199595 PMCID: PMC4857023 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.584.8065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil has the greatest insect diversity in the world; however, little is known about its scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha). Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) have been found in at least 50% of persimmon orchards Diospyros kaki L. in the southern part of the country. In this study three new mealybug species on persimmon trees located in the Serra Gaúcha Region, RS, Brazil, namely, Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, sp. n., Ferrisia kaki Kaydan & Pacheco da Silva, sp. n. and Pseudococcus rosangelae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, sp. n. are described. In addition, an identification key for the genera occurring on fruit orchards and vineyards in Brazil is provided, together with illustrations and molecular data for the new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor C Pacheco da Silva
- Plant Protection Graduate Program, Plant Protection Department, UFPel, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão s/n, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Jean-François Germain
- Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité d'entomologie et plantes invasives, CBGP 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, CS30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Thibaut Malausa
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, 400 Route des chappes, Sophia Antipolis, PACA, France
| | - Marcos Botton
- Embrapa Grape and Wine, 515 Rua do Livramento, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Beltrà A, Addison P, Ávalos JA, Crochard D, Garcia-Marí F, Guerrieri E, Giliomee JH, Malausa T, Navarro-Campos C, Palero F, Soto A. Guiding Classical Biological Control of an Invasive Mealybug Using Integrative Taxonomy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128685. [PMID: 26047349 PMCID: PMC4457817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Delottococcus aberiae De Lotto (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a mealybug of Southern African origin that has recently been introduced into Eastern Spain. It causes severe distortions on young citrus fruits and represents a growing threat to Mediterranean citrus production. So far, biological control has proven unsatisfactory due to the absence of efficient natural enemies in Spain. Hence, the management of this pest currently relies only on chemical control. The introduction of natural enemies of D. aberiae from the native area of the pest represents a sustainable and economically viable alternative to reduce the risks linked to pesticide applications. Since biological control of mealybugs has been traditionally challenged by taxonomic misidentification, an intensive survey of Delottococcus spp. and their associated parasitoids in South Africa was required as a first step towards a classical biological control programme. Combining morphological and molecular characterization (integrative taxonomy) a total of nine mealybug species were identified in this study, including three species of Delottococcus. Different populations of D. aberiae were found on wild olive trees, in citrus orchards and on plants of Chrysanthemoides monilifera, showing intra-specific divergences according to their host plants. Interestingly, the invasive mealybug populations from Spanish orchards clustered together with the population on citrus from Limpopo Province (South Africa), sharing COI haplotypes. This result pointed to an optimum location to collect natural enemies against the invasive mealybug. A total of 14 parasitoid species were recovered from Delottococcus spp. and identified to genus and species level, by integrating morphological and molecular data. A parasitoid belonging to the genus Anagyrus, collected from D. aberiae in citrus orchards in Limpopo, is proposed here as a good biological control agent to be introduced into Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleixandre Beltrà
- Institut Agroforestal Mediterrani, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Pia Addison
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Juan Antonio Ávalos
- Institut Agroforestal Mediterrani, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Didier Crochard
- INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355–7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Ferran Garcia-Marí
- Institut Agroforestal Mediterrani, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Emilio Guerrieri
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Portici, Italy
| | - Jan H. Giliomee
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Thibaut Malausa
- INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355–7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | - Ferran Palero
- INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355–7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Antonia Soto
- Institut Agroforestal Mediterrani, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
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