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De Tommasi E, Rea I, Ferrara MA, De Stefano L, De Stefano M, Al-Handal AY, Stamenković M, Wulff A. Multiple-pathways light modulation in Pleurosigma strigosum bi-raphid diatom. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6476. [PMID: 38499606 PMCID: PMC10948915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ordered, quasi-ordered, and even disordered nanostructures can be identified as constituent components of several protists, plants and animals, making possible an efficient manipulation of light for intra- and inter- species communication, camouflage, or for the enhancement of primary production. Diatoms are ubiquitous unicellular microalgae inhabiting all the aquatic environments on Earth. They developed, through tens of millions of years of evolution, ultrastructured silica cell walls, the frustules, able to handle optical radiation through multiple diffractive, refractive, and wave-guiding processes, possibly at the basis of their high photosynthetic efficiency. In this study, we employed a range of imaging, spectroscopic and numerical techniques (including transmission imaging, digital holography, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and numerical simulations based on wide-angle beam propagation method) to identify and describe different mechanisms by which Pleurosigma strigosum frustules can modulate optical radiation of different spectral content. Finally, we correlated the optical response of the frustule to the interaction with light in living, individual cells within their aquatic environment following various irradiation treatments. The obtained results demonstrate the favorable transmission of photosynthetic active radiation inside the cell compared to potentially detrimental ultraviolet radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo De Tommasi
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Unit of Naples, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Rea
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Unit of Naples, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Ferrara
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Unit of Naples, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca De Stefano
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Unit of Naples, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario De Stefano
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Adil Y Al-Handal
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marija Stamenković
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Angela Wulff
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden.
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2
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León-Valencia A, Briceño S, Reinoso C, Vizuete K, Debut A, Caetano M, González G. Photochemical Reduction of Silver Nanoparticles on Diatoms. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030185. [PMID: 36976234 PMCID: PMC10054479 DOI: 10.3390/md21030185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the photochemical reduction method was used at 440 or 540 nm excitation wavelengths to optimize the deposition of silver nanoparticles on the diatom surface as a potential DNA biosensor. The as-synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), fluorescence microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Our results revealed a 5.5-fold enhancement in the fluorescence response of the nanocomposite irradiated at 440 nm with DNA. The enhanced sensitivity comes from the optical coupling of the guided-mode resonance of the diatoms and the localized surface plasmon of the silver nanoparticles interacting with the DNA. The advantage of this work involves the use of a low-cost green method to optimize the deposition of plasmonic nanoparticles on diatoms as an alternative fabrication method for fluorescent biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián León-Valencia
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Sarah Briceño
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Carlos Reinoso
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Karla Vizuete
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolqui, Quito 171103, Ecuador
| | - Alexis Debut
- School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Manuel Caetano
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Gema González
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (G.G.)
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3
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Ghobara M, Oschatz C, Fratzl P, Reissig L. Numerical Analysis of the Light Modulation by the Frustule of Gomphonema parvulum: The Role of Integrated Optical Components. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:nano13010113. [PMID: 36616023 PMCID: PMC9823621 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Siliceous diatom frustules present a huge variety of shapes and nanometric pore patterns. A better understanding of the light modulation by these frustules is required to determine whether or not they might have photobiological roles besides their possible utilization as building blocks in photonic applications. In this study, we propose a novel approach for analyzing the near-field light modulation by small pennate diatom frustules, utilizing the frustule of Gomphonema parvulum as a model. Numerical analysis was carried out for the wave propagation across selected 2D cross-sections in a statistically representative 3D model for the valve based on the finite element frequency domain method. The influences of light wavelength (vacuum wavelengths from 300 to 800 nm) and refractive index changes, as well as structural parameters, on the light modulation were investigated and compared to theoretical predictions when possible. The results showed complex interference patterns resulting from the overlay of different optical phenomena, which can be explained by the presence of a few integrated optical components in the valve. Moreover, studies on the complete frustule in an aqueous medium allow the discussion of its possible photobiological relevance. Furthermore, our results may enable the simple screening of unstudied pennate frustules for photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ghobara
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cathleen Oschatz
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Louisa Reissig
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Kırpat Konak BM, Bakar ME, Ahan RE, Özyürek EU, Dökmeci S, Şafak Şeker UÖ. A living material platform for the biomineralization of biosilica. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100461. [PMID: 36278145 PMCID: PMC9583595 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has a vast array of biomineralization mechanisms. The commonly shared mechanism by many living organisms to form hardened tissues is the nucleation of mineral structures via proteins. Living materials, thanks to synthetic biology, are providing many opportunities to program cells for many functionalities. Here we have demonstrated a living material system for biosilicification. Silaffins are utilized to synthesize silicified cell walls by one of the most abundant organism groups called diatoms. The R5 peptide motif of the silaffins is known for its ability to precipitate silica in ambient conditions. Therefore, various studies have been conducted to implement the silicification activity of R5 in different application areas, such as regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, laborious protein purification steps are required prior to silica nanoparticle production in recombinant approaches. In this study, we aimed to engineer an alternative bacterial platform to achieve silicification using released and bacteria-intact forms of R5-attached fluorescent proteins (FP). Hence, we displayed R5-FP hybrids on the cell surface of E. coli via antigen 43 (Ag43) autotransporter system and managed to demonstrate heat-controllable release from the surface. We also showed that the bacteria cells displaying R5-FP can be used in silicification reactions. Lastly, considering the stimulating effect of silica on osteogenic differentiation, we treated human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) with the silica aggregates formed via R5-FP hybrids. Earlier calcium crystal deposition around the hDPSCs was observed. We envision that our platform can serve as a faster and more economical alternative for biosilicification applications, including endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Merve Kırpat Konak
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Bakar
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Recep Erdem Ahan
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Emel Uzunoğlu Özyürek
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Serap Dökmeci
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Urartu Özgür Şafak Şeker
- UNAM - Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey,Corresponding author.
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5
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Owari Y, Nakamura F, Oaki Y, Tsuda H, Shimode S, Imai H. Ultrastructure of setae of a planktonic diatom, Chaetoceros coarctatus. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7568. [PMID: 35534511 PMCID: PMC9085750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11484-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica frustules of most planktonic diatoms have many shallow holes in which the length (L) is smaller than the width (W). The present study focuses on a silica ultrastructure of setae of a planktonic diatom having deep (L/W > 1) holes. Here, we characterized microscopically patterned nanoholes on the silica walls of thick, robust, and hollow setae of a colony of Chaetoceros coarctatus. Basically, tetragonal poroid arrangements with and without a costa pattern are observed on the inner and outer surfaces, respectively, for three kinds of curving hollow setae attached to the anterior, intercalary, and posterior parts of the colony. The seta structures including specific poroid arrangements and continuity of deep nanoholes depend on the location. The deep nanoholes ∼90 nm wide are elongated from 150 to 1500 nm (L/W ∼17) with an increase in the wall thickness of the polygonal tubes of the setae. The inside poroid array, with a period of 190 nm in the extension direction of setae, is lined by parallel plates of the costae. However, the poroid arrangement on the outer surface is disordered, with several holes obstructed with increasing wall thickness of the posterior terminal setae. According to the movement of a colony in a fluid microchannel, the thick curving terminal setae is suggested to involve attitude control and mechanical protection. Using an optical simulation, the patterned deep through-holes on the intercalary setae were suggested to contribute anti-reflection of blue light in the wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm for the promotion of photosynthesis in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Owari
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Fumi Nakamura
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shinji Shimode
- Manazuru Marine Center for Environmental Research and Education, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 61 Iwa, Manazuru, 259-0202, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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6
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De Tommasi E, De Luca AC. Diatom biosilica in plasmonics: applications in sensing, diagnostics and therapeutics [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:3080-3101. [PMID: 35774319 PMCID: PMC9203090 DOI: 10.1364/boe.457483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Several living organisms are able to synthesize complex nanostructures provided with peculiar physical and chemical properties by means of finely-tuned, genetically controlled biomineralization processes. Frustules, in particular, are micro- and nano-structured silica shells produced by ubiquitous diatom microalgae, whose optical properties have been recently exploited in photonics, solar energy harvesting, and biosensing. Metallization of diatom biosilica, both in the shape of intact frustules or diatomite particles, can trigger plasmonic effects that in turn can find application in high-sensitive detection platforms, allowing to obtain effective nanosensors at low cost and on a large scale. The aim of the present review article is to provide a wide, complete overview on the main metallization techniques applied to diatom biosilica and on the principal applications of diatom-based plasmonic devices mainly but not exclusively in the fields of biochemical sensing, diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo De Tommasi
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "Eduardo Caianiello", Unit of Naples, Via P. Castellino 111, I-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara De Luca
- National Research Council, Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", Unit of Naples, Via P. Castellino 111, I-80131, Naples, Italy
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7
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De Tommasi E, Rea I, Ferrara MA, De Stefano L, De Stefano M, Al-Handal AY, Stamenković M, Wulff A. Underwater Light Manipulation by the Benthic Diatom Ctenophora pulchella: From PAR Efficient Collection to UVR Screening. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2855. [PMID: 34835620 PMCID: PMC8621762 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Several species of diatoms, unicellular microalgae which constitute the main component of phytoplankton, are characterized by an impressive photosynthetic efficiency while presenting a noticeable tolerance versus exposure to detrimental UV radiation (UVR). In particular, the growth rate of the araphid diatom Ctenophora pulchella is not significantly affected by harsh treatments with UVR, even in absence of detectable, specific UV-absorbing pigments and even if it is not able to avoid high UV exposure by motility. In this work we applied a multi-disciplinary approach involving numerical computation, photonics, and biological parameters in order to investigate the possible role of the frustule, micro- and nano-patterned silica shell which encloses the cell, in the ability of C. pulchella to efficiently collect photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and to simultaneously screen the protoplasm from UVR. The characterization of the photonic properties of the frustule has been accompanied by in vivo experiments conducted in water in order to investigate its function as optical coupler between light and plastids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo De Tommasi
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems “E. Caianiello”, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.R.); (M.A.F.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Ilaria Rea
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems “E. Caianiello”, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.R.); (M.A.F.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Ferrara
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems “E. Caianiello”, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.R.); (M.A.F.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Luca De Stefano
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems “E. Caianiello”, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.R.); (M.A.F.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Mario De Stefano
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Adil Y. Al-Handal
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; (A.Y.A.-H.); (M.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Marija Stamenković
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; (A.Y.A.-H.); (M.S.); (A.W.)
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Angela Wulff
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; (A.Y.A.-H.); (M.S.); (A.W.)
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8
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Insight into diatom frustule structures using various imaging techniques. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14555. [PMID: 34267299 PMCID: PMC8282634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The diatom shell is an example of complex siliceous structure which is a suitable model to demonstrate the process of digging into the third dimension using modern visualization techniques. This paper demonstrates importance of a comprehensive multi-length scale approach to the bio-structures/materials with the usage of state-of-the-art imaging techniques. Imaging of diatoms applying visible light, electron and X-ray microscopy provide a deeper insight into the morphology of their frustules.
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9
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Pan T, Lu D, Xin H, Li B. Biophotonic probes for bio-detection and imaging. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:124. [PMID: 34108445 PMCID: PMC8190087 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of biophotonics and biomedical sciences makes a high demand on photonic structures to be interfaced with biological systems that are capable of manipulating light at small scales for sensitive detection of biological signals and precise imaging of cellular structures. However, conventional photonic structures based on artificial materials (either inorganic or toxic organic) inevitably show incompatibility and invasiveness when interfacing with biological systems. The design of biophotonic probes from the abundant natural materials, particularly biological entities such as virus, cells and tissues, with the capability of multifunctional light manipulation at target sites greatly increases the biocompatibility and minimizes the invasiveness to biological microenvironment. In this review, advances in biophotonic probes for bio-detection and imaging are reviewed. We emphatically and systematically describe biological entities-based photonic probes that offer appropriate optical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability with different optical functions from light generation, to light transportation and light modulation. Three representative biophotonic probes, i.e., biological lasers, cell-based biophotonic waveguides and bio-microlenses, are reviewed with applications for bio-detection and imaging. Finally, perspectives on future opportunities and potential improvements of biophotonic probes are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Dengyun Lu
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Hongbao Xin
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
| | - Baojun Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
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10
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González-Fortuna G, Arteaga-Larios N, Nahmad Y, Navarro-Contreras HR, García-Meza JV. Frustules of Amphora sp. as a photonic crystal with photoluminescent CdS nanoparticles. LUMINESCENCE 2021; 36:788-794. [PMID: 33386703 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Diatom frustules have species-specific patterns of pores, striae, pores, and nanopores, periodically arranged on its silica surface, as sets of cavities that modify the vacuum electromagnetic density of states. Therefore, frustules may be considered photonic crystals; the interaction with light-emitting sources inside the pores may potentially result in enhancement or inhibition of their spontaneous radiative emission rate and frequencies. In this work, we studied the photoluminescence of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS-NP) deposited inside frustule cavities that conveyed evidence of cavity-NP interaction. We synthesized CdS-NP, a semiconductor compound achieving quantum dots small enough to impose confinement effects to the electronic states. CdS-NP and their clusters were physiosorbed onto the surface, striae, and predominantly inside the pores of the cleansed frustules of Amphora sp. A broad peak with a maximum intensity at 437 nm (2.84 eV) was recorded after excitation with a 375 nm light source, showing a large blue shift and signal amplification of the CdS-NP photoluminescence when these were embedded inside the pores of the silica frustule. Using the Brus equation, we estimated a NP size of 4.1 ± 0.2 nm for the CdS-NP snuggly packed inside the smaller pores of the frustule, of 10 ± 0.7 nm in average diameter, The emission Purcell enhancement factor for an emitting atom in a cavity was calculated. The obtained Q factor (c. 5) was smaller than typical Q factors for designed semiconductor cavities of similar dimensions, an expected situation if it is assumed that the pores are open-ended cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nubia Arteaga-Larios
- Geomicrobiology Laboratory, Metallurgy, UASLP, Sierra Leona 550, 78210 SLP, Mexico
| | - Yuri Nahmad
- Institute of Physics, UASLP, Dr. Manuel Nava 8, 78217, SLP, Mexico
| | - Hugo R Navarro-Contreras
- CIACyT, Center for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology, UASLP, Sierra Leona 550, 78210 SLP, Mexico
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11
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Ishihara T, Ohkochi T, Yamaguchi A, Kotani Y, Oura M. Visualization of elemental distributions and local analysis of element-specific chemical states of an Arachnoidiscus sp. frustule using soft X-ray spectromicroscopy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243874. [PMID: 33326474 PMCID: PMC7743981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using soft X-ray (SX) spectromicroscopy, we show maps of the spatial distribution of constituent elements and local analysis of the density of states (DOS) related to the element-specific chemical states of diatom frustules, which are composed of naturally grown nanostructured hydrogenated amorphous silica. We applied X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) as well as microprobe X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) analysis to characterize the surfaces of diatom frustules by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). We successfully demonstrated that SX spectromicroscopy is able to participate in potential observation tools as a new method to spectroscopically investigate diatom frustules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ishihara
- Soft X-ray Spectroscopy Instrumentation Team, Physical and Chemical Research Infrastructure Group, Advanced Photon Technology Division, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takuo Ohkochi
- Soft X-ray Spectroscopy Instrumentation Team, Physical and Chemical Research Infrastructure Group, Advanced Photon Technology Division, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
- Spectroscopic Analysis Group II, Spectroscopy and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Yamaguchi
- Soft X-ray Spectroscopy Instrumentation Team, Physical and Chemical Research Infrastructure Group, Advanced Photon Technology Division, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
- Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry (LASTI), University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kotani
- Spectroscopic Analysis Group II, Spectroscopy and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masaki Oura
- Soft X-ray Spectroscopy Instrumentation Team, Physical and Chemical Research Infrastructure Group, Advanced Photon Technology Division, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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12
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Goessling JW, Santiago González AA, Paul Raj VS, Ashworth MP, Manning SR, Lopez-Garcia M. Biosilica slab photonic crystals as an alternative to cleanroom nanofabrication? Faraday Discuss 2020; 223:261-277. [PMID: 32725039 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photonics, the manipulation of light at nanoscale, is a key enabling technology with impact in health and energy applications, among others. In most cases photonics still relies on materials and fabrication methods inherited from other disciplines, usually requiring expensive, time-consuming and environmentally-unfriendly processes. Recent experiments demonstrated that advanced photonic materials, as complex as those known as 2.5 dimensional slab photonic crystals, also occur naturally in diatoms. These microscopic algae precipitate silicic acid from water to produce silicon dioxide membranes, relying on intracellular biomineralization mechanisms. Addressing some important aspects for the potential industrial utilization of these structures, we here propose that optical materials produced by the diatoms could serve as cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to cleanroom nanofabrication. We demonstrate that photonic materials grown by the diatom species Coscinodiscus granii can be separated based on its hydrokinetic characteristics. We further show that the photonic membranes present low defect rates of ca. 1/100 unit cells and that variation in pore diameter, as observed between individual membranes, can affect the photonic properties at large, but only marginally at low refractive index contrast. Finally, we list algal culture collections operating worldwide, thus providing a global network for live diatoms and diatom materials. We discuss the feasibility and bottlenecks related to scaled-up growth for direct utilization of photonic materials from diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes W Goessling
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal.
| | - Ana A Santiago González
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal.
| | - Vijaya Shanthi Paul Raj
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal. and Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés, 101 Rue de la Physique, 38402 Grenoble, France
| | - Matt P Ashworth
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, 205 West 24th St., BIO 316, Stop A5000, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Schonna R Manning
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, 205 West 24th St., BIO 316, Stop A5000, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Martin Lopez-Garcia
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal.
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13
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Value-added co-products from biomass of the diatoms Staurosirella pinnata and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Rea I, De Stefano L. Recent Advances on Diatom-Based Biosensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E5208. [PMID: 31795066 PMCID: PMC6929068 DOI: 10.3390/s19235208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Porous materials showing some useful transducing features, i.e., any changes in their physical or chemical properties as a consequence of molecular interaction, are very attractive in the realization of sensors and biosensors. Diatom frustules have been gaining support for biosensors since they are made of nanostructured amorphous silica, but do not require any nano-fabrication step; their surface can be easily functionalized and customized for specific application; diatom frustules are photoluminescent, and they can be found in almost every pond of water on the Earth, thus assuring large and low-cost availability. In this review, the most recent advances in diatom-based biosensors are reported, and a perspective view on future developments is given.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
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15
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Panwar V, Dutta T. Diatom Biogenic Silica as a Felicitous Platform for Biochemical Engineering: Expanding Frontiers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2295-2316. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Panwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Tanmay Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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16
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Villani M, Onesto V, Coluccio M, Valpapuram I, Majewska R, Alabastri A, Battista E, Schirato A, Calestani D, Coppedé N, Zappettini A, Amato F, Di Fabrizio E, Gentile F. Transforming diatomaceous earth into sensing devices by surface modification with gold nanoparticles. MICRO AND NANO ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mne.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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17
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UV-shielding and wavelength conversion by centric diatom nanopatterned frustules. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16285. [PMID: 30390006 PMCID: PMC6214969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms can represent the major component of phytoplankton and contribute massively to global primary production in the oceans. Over tens of millions of years they developed an intricate porous silica shell, the frustule, which ensures mechanical protection, sorting of nutrients from harmful agents, and optimization of light harvesting. Several groups of microalgae evolved different strategies of protection towards ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which is harmful for all living organisms mainly through the formation of dimeric photoproducts between adjacent pyrimidines in DNA. Even in presence of low concentrations of UV-absorbing compounds, several diatoms exhibit significant UVR tolerance. We here investigated the mechanisms involved in UVR screening by diatom silica investments focusing on single frustules of a planktonic centric diatom, Coscinodiscus wailesii, analyzing absorption by the silica matrix, diffraction by frustule ultrastructure and also UV conversion into photosynthetically active radiation exerted by nanostructured silica photoluminescence. We identified the defects and organic residuals incorporated in frustule silica matrix which mainly contribute to absorption; simulated and measured the spatial distribution of UVR transmitted by a single valve, finding that it is confined far away from the diatom valve itself; furthermore, we showed how UV-to-blue radiation conversion (which is particularly significant for photosynthetic productivity) is more efficient than other emission transitions in the visible spectral range.
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18
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Su Y, Lundholm N, Ellegaard M. Effects of abiotic factors on the nanostructure of diatom frustules—ranges and variability. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5889-5899. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Ragni R, Cicco SR, Vona D, Farinola GM. Multiple Routes to Smart Nanostructured Materials from Diatom Microalgae: A Chemical Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704289. [PMID: 29178521 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic microalgae, ubiquitously diffused in both marine and freshwater environments, which exist worldwide with more than 100 000 species, each with different morphologies and dimensions, but typically ranging from 10 to 200 µm. A special feature of diatoms is their production of siliceous micro- to nanoporous cell walls, the frustules, whose hierarchical organization of silica layers produces extraordinarily intricate pore patterns. Due to the high surface area, mechanical resistance, unique optical features, and biocompatibility, a number of applications of diatom frustules have been investigated in photonics, sensing, optoelectronics, biomedicine, and energy conversion and storage. Current progress in diatom-based nanotechnology relies primarily on the availability of various strategies to isolate frustules, retaining their morphological features, and modify their chemical composition for applications that are not restricted to those of the bare biosilica produced by diatoms. Chemical or biological methods that decorate, integrate, convert, or mimic diatoms' biosilica shells while preserving their structural features represent powerful tools in developing scalable, low-cost routes to a wide variety of nanostructured smart materials. Here, the different approaches to chemical modification as the basis for the description of applications relating to the different materials thus obtained are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ragni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro,", via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania R Cicco
- CNR-ICCOM-Bari, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Danilo Vona
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro,", via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluca M Farinola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro,", via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
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20
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Managò S, Zito G, Rogato A, Casalino M, Esposito E, De Luca AC, De Tommasi E. Bioderived Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Nanostructures as Efficient Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates for Cell Membrane Probing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:12406-12416. [PMID: 29569901 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose the use of complex, bioderived nanostructures as efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates for chemical analysis of cellular membranes. These structures were directly obtained from a suitable gold metalization of the Pseudonitzchia multistriata diatom silica shell (the so called frustule), whose grating-like geometry provides large light coupling with external radiation, whereas its extruded, subwavelength lateral edge provides an excellent interaction with cells without steric hindrance. We carried out numerical simulations and experimental characterizations of the supported plasmonic resonances and optical near-field amplification. We thoroughly evaluated the SERS substrate enhancement factor as a function of the metalization parameters and finally applied the nanostrucures for discriminating cell membrane Raman signals. In particular, we considered two cases where the membrane composition plays a fundamental role in the assessment of several pathologies, that is, red blood cells and B-leukemia REH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandra Rogato
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology , Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn , Naples 80121 , Italy
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21
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Onesto V, Villani M, Coluccio ML, Majewska R, Alabastri A, Battista E, Schirato A, Calestani D, Coppedé N, Cesarelli M, Amato F, Di Fabrizio E, Gentile F. Silica diatom shells tailored with Au nanoparticles enable sensitive analysis of molecules for biological, safety and environment applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:94. [PMID: 29633086 PMCID: PMC5891442 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2507-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Diatom shells are a natural, theoretically unlimited material composed of silicon dioxide, with regular patterns of pores penetrating through their surface. For their characteristics, diatom shells show promise to be used as low cost, highly efficient drug carriers, sensor devices or other micro-devices. Here, we demonstrate diatom shells functionalized with gold nanoparticles for the harvesting and detection of biological analytes (bovine serum albumin-BSA) and chemical pollutants (mineral oil) in low abundance ranges, for applications in bioengineering, medicine, safety, and pollution monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Onesto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - M. Villani
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - M. L. Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - R. Majewska
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, School of Biological Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520 South Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 6140 South Africa
| | - A. Alabastri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA
| | - E. Battista
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biomaterials, University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - A. Schirato
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - D. Calestani
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - N. Coppedé
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - M. Cesarelli
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - F. Amato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - E. Di Fabrizio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - F. Gentile
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
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22
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Olmez T, Yuca E, Eyupoglu E, Catalak HB, Sahin O, Seker UOS. Autonomous Synthesis of Fluorescent Silica Biodots Using Engineered Fusion Proteins. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:585-594. [PMID: 30023783 PMCID: PMC6044564 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Formation of biological materials is a well-controlled process that is orchestrated by biomolecules such as proteins. Proteins can control the nucleation and mineralization of biomaterials, thereby forming the hard tissues of biological organisms, such as bones, teeth, and shells. In this study, the design and implementation of multifunctional designer proteins are demonstrated for fluorescent silica micro/nanoparticle synthesis. The R5 motif of silaffin polypeptide, which is known for its silicification capability, was fused genetically into three spectrally distinct fluorescent proteins with the intention of forming modified fluorescent proteins. The bifunctional R5 peptide domain served as a tag to provide silica synthesis at ambient conditions. Three functional fusion constructs have been prepared, including GFPmut3-R5, Venus YFP-R5, and mCherry-R5. Recombinant fluorescent proteins were purified using silica-binding peptide tag through silica gel resin. Purified proteins were tested for their binding affinity to silica using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring to make sure they can interact strong enough with the silica surfaces. Later, engineered fluorescent proteins were used to synthesize silica nano/microparticles using silica precursor materials. Synthesized silica particles were investigated for their fluorescence properties, including time-resolved fluorescence. Additionally, elemental analysis of the particles was carried out using electron energy loss spectroscopy and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy. Last, they were tested for their biocompatibility. In this study, we aimed to provide a biomimetic route to synthesize fluorescent silica nanoparticles. Recombinant fluorescent proteins-directed silica nanoparticles synthesis offers a one-step, reliable method to produce fluorescent particles both for biomaterial applications and other nanotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga
T. Olmez
- UNAM-National
Nanotechnology Research Center,
Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and Department of
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Esra Yuca
- UNAM-National
Nanotechnology Research Center,
Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and Department of
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul 34210, Turkey
| | - Erol Eyupoglu
- UNAM-National
Nanotechnology Research Center,
Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and Department of
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Hazal B. Catalak
- UNAM-National
Nanotechnology Research Center,
Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and Department of
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- UNAM-National
Nanotechnology Research Center,
Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and Department of
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Urartu Ozgur Safak Seker
- UNAM-National
Nanotechnology Research Center,
Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and Department of
Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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23
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The UV filtering potential of drop-casted layers of frustules of three diatom species. Sci Rep 2018; 8:959. [PMID: 29343724 PMCID: PMC5772478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms are in focus as biological materials for a range of photonic applications. Many of these applications would require embedding a multitude of diatoms in a matrix (e.g. paint, crème or lacquer); however, most studies on the photonic and spectral properties of diatoms frustules (silica walls) have been carried out on single cells. In this study, for the first time, we test the spectral properties of layers of frustules of three diatom species (Coscinodiscus granii, Thalassiosira punctifera and Thalassiosira pseudonana), with special focus on transmission and reflectance in the UV range. The transmittance efficiency in the UV A and B range was: T. pseudonana (56–59%) >C. granii (53–54%) >T. punctifera (18–21%) for the rinsed frustules. To investigate the underlying cause of these differences, we performed X-ray scattering analysis, measurement of layer thickness and microscopic determination of frustule nanostructures. We further tested dried intact cells in the same experimental setup. Based on these data we discuss the relative importance of crystal structure properties, nanostructure and quantity of material on the spectral properties of diatom layers. Characterization of the UV protection performance of layers of diatom frustules is of central relevance for their potential use as innovative bio-based UV filters.
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24
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Lamastra FR, Grilli ML, Leahu G, Belardini A, Voti RL, Sibilia C, Salvatori D, Cacciotti I, Nanni F. Diatom frustules decorated with zinc oxide nanoparticles for enhanced optical properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:375704. [PMID: 28675143 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa7d6f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized on diatomite (DE) surface by a low temperature sol gel technique, starting from zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2 · 2H2O) solution in water/ethyl alcohol, in presence of triethanolamine (TEA) with functions of Zn2+ chelating agent, catalyst and mediator of nanoparticle growth on DE surface. Microstructural features were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. ZnO crystalline nanoparticles, well distributed both on the surface and into the porous architecture of diatomite, were obtained just after the synthesis carried out at 80 °C without the need of calcination treatments. The optical properties of ZnO/DE hybrid powders were measured for the first time by means of photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). A new method to retrieve both the optical absorption and scattering coefficients from PAS is here discussed for powder aggregates. The fingerprint of the zinc oxide nanoparticles has been highlighted in the Mie scattering resonance in the UV-Vis range, and in the enhancement of the optical absorption with respect to diatomite.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Lamastra
- Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
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25
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Kamińska A, Sprynskyy M, Winkler K, Szymborski T. Ultrasensitive SERS immunoassay based on diatom biosilica for detection of interleukins in blood plasma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:6337-6347. [PMID: 28852782 PMCID: PMC5641273 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0566-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) immunoassay based on diatom biosilica with integrated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the detection of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in blood plasma has been developed. The SERS sensing originates from unique features of the diatom frustules, which are capable of enhancing the localized surface-plasmon resonance of metal nanostructures. The SERS immune tags ware fabricated by functionalizing 70-nm Au nanoparticles with DTNB (i.e., 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)), which acted as a Raman reporter molecule, as well as the specific antibodies. These DTNB-labeled immune-AuNPs can form a sandwich structure with IL-8 antigens (infection marker) and the antibodies immobilized on the biosilica material. Our method showed an improved IL-8 detection limit in comparison to standard ELISA methods. The current detection limit for IL-8 using a conventional ELISA test is about 15.6 pg mL−1. The lower detection limit for IL-8 in blood plasma was estimated to be 6.2 pg mL−1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the recognition of IL-8 in human samples using a SERS-based method. This method clearly possesses high sensitivity to clinically relevant interleukin concentrations in body fluids. The average relative standard deviation of this method is less than 8%, which is sufficient for analytical analysis and comparable to those of classical ELISA methods. This SERS immunoassay also exhibits high biological specificity for the detection of IL-8 antigens. The established SERS immunoassay offers a valuable platform for the ultrasensitive and highly specific detection of immune biomarkers in a clinical setting for medical diagnostics. The SERS-based immunoassay based on naturally generated photonic biosilica for the detection of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in human plasma samples ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Myroslav Sprynskyy
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarina Str, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szymborski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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De Tommasi E, Gielis J, Rogato A. Diatom Frustule Morphogenesis and Function: a Multidisciplinary Survey. Mar Genomics 2017; 35:1-18. [PMID: 28734733 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms represent the major component of phytoplankton and are responsible for about 20-25% of global primary production. Hundreds of millions of years of evolution led to tens of thousands of species differing in dimensions and morphologies. In particular, diatom porous silica cell walls, the frustules, are characterized by an extraordinary, species-specific diversity. It is of great interest, among the marine biologists and geneticists community, to shed light on the origin and evolutionary advantage of this variability of dimensions, geometries and pore distributions. In the present article the main reported data related to frustule morphogenesis and functionalities with contributions from fundamental biology, genetics, mathematics, geometry and physics are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo De Tommasi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Johan Gielis
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Rogato
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Villa Comunale 1, 80121 Naples, Italy.
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27
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Rea I, Terracciano M, De Stefano L. Synthetic vs Natural: Diatoms Bioderived Porous Materials for the Next Generation of Healthcare Nanodevices. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28026914 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured porous materials promise a next generation of innovative devices for healthcare and biomedical applications. The fabrication of such materials generally requires complex synthesis procedures, not always available in laboratories or sustainable in industries, and has adverse environmental impact. Nanosized porous materials can also be obtained from natural resources, which are an attractive alternative approach to man-made fabrication. Biogenic nanoporous silica from diatoms, and diatomaceous earths, constitutes largely available, low-cost reservoir of mesoporous nanodevices that can be engineered for theranostic applications, ranging from subcellular imaging to drug delivery. In this progress report, main experiences on nature-derived nanoparticles with healthcare and biomedical functionalities are reviewed and critically analyzed in search of a new collection of biocompatible porous nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Rea
- Via P. Castellino 111 Napoli 80131 Italy
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28
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Pannico M, Rea I, Chandrasekaran S, Musto P, Voelcker NH, De Stefano L. Electroless Gold-Modified Diatoms as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Supports. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:315. [PMID: 27356562 PMCID: PMC4927532 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1539-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Porous biosilica from diatom frustules is well known for its peculiar optical and mechanical properties. In this work, gold-coated diatom frustules are used as low-cost, ready available, functional support for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Due to the morphology of the nanostructured surface and the smoothness of gold deposition via an electroless process, an enhancement factor for the p-mercaptoaniline Raman signal of the order of 10(5) is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pannico
- />Institute for Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials, Pozzuoli, NA Italy
| | - Ilaria Rea
- />Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via P. Castellino 131, Naples, 80131 Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Musto
- />Institute for Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials, Pozzuoli, NA Italy
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- />Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Blvd, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Luca De Stefano
- />Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via P. Castellino 131, Naples, 80131 Italy
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29
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Rea I, Terracciano M, Chandrasekaran S, Voelcker NH, Dardano P, Martucci NM, Lamberti A, De Stefano L. Bioengineered Silicon Diatoms: Adding Photonic Features to a Nanostructured Semiconductive Material for Biomolecular Sensing. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:405. [PMID: 27637897 PMCID: PMC5025415 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Native diatoms made of amorphous silica are first converted into silicon structures via magnesiothermic process, preserving the original shape: electron force microscopy analysis performed on silicon-converted diatoms demonstrates their semiconductor behavior. Wet surface chemical treatments are then performed in order to enhance the photoluminescence emission from the resulting silicon diatoms and, at the same time, to allow the immobilization of biological probes, namely proteins and antibodies, via silanization. We demonstrate that light emission from semiconductive silicon diatoms can be used for antibody-antigen recognition, endorsing this material as optoelectronic transducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Rea
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via P. Castellino 131, Naples, 80131 Italy
| | - Monica Terracciano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via P. Castellino 131, Naples, 80131 Italy
| | | | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Blvd, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Principia Dardano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via P. Castellino 131, Naples, 80131 Italy
| | - Nicola M. Martucci
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via P. Castellino 131, Naples, 80131 Italy
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30
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The Diatom Staurosirella pinnata for Photoactive Material Production. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165571. [PMID: 27828985 PMCID: PMC5102471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A native isolate of the colonial benthic diatom Staurosirella pinnata was cultivated for biosilica production. The silicified cell walls (frustules) were used as a source of homogeneous and structurally predictable porous biosilica for dye trapping and random laser applications. This was coupled with the extraction of lipids from biomass showing potential to fabricate photoactive composite materials sustainably. The strain was selected for its ease of growth in culture and harvesting. Biosilica and lipids were obtained at the end of growth in indoor photobioreactors. Frustules were structurally characterized microscopically and their chemistry analyzed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Frustule capacity of binding laser dyes was evaluated on a set of frustules/Rhodamine B (Rho B) solutions and with respect to silicon dioxide and diatomite by Fluorescence Spectroscopy demonstrating a high affinity for the organic dye. The effect of dye trapping property in conveying Rho B emission to frustules, with enhancement of scattering events, was analyzed on Rho B doped polyacrylamide gels filled or not with frustules. Amplified spontaneous emission was recorded at increasing pump power indicating the onset of a random laser effect in frustule filled gels at lower power threshold compared to unfilled matrices.
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31
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Diatom Valve Three-Dimensional Representation: A New Imaging Method Based on Combined Microscopies. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101645. [PMID: 27690008 PMCID: PMC5085678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The frustule of diatoms, unicellular microalgae, shows very interesting photonic features, generally related to its complicated and quasi-periodic micro- and nano-structure. In order to simulate light propagation inside and through this natural structure, it is important to develop three-dimensional (3D) models for synthetic replica with high spatial resolution. In this paper, we present a new method that generates images of microscopic diatoms with high definition, by merging scanning electron microscopy and digital holography microscopy or atomic force microscopy data. Starting from two digital images, both acquired separately with standard characterization procedures, a high spatial resolution (Δz = λ/20, Δx = Δy ≅ 100 nm, at least) 3D model of the object has been generated. Then, the two sets of data have been processed by matrix formalism, using an original mathematical algorithm implemented on a commercially available software. The developed methodology could be also of broad interest in the design and fabrication of micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems.
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32
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LeDuff P, Roesijadi G, Rorrer GL. Micro-photoluminescence of single living diatom cells. LUMINESCENCE 2016; 31:1379-1383. [PMID: 26918264 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are single-celled microalgae that possess a nanostructured, porous biosilica shell called a frustule. This study characterized the micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) emission of single living cells of the photosynthetic marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana in response to UV laser irradiation at 325 nm using a confocal Raman microscope. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum had two primary peaks, one centered at 500-510 nm, which was attributed to the frustule biosilica, and a second peak at 680 nm, which was attributed to auto-fluorescence of photosynthetic pigments. The portion of the μ-PL emission spectrum associated with biosilica frustule in the single living diatom cell was similar to that from single biosilica frustules isolated from these diatom cells. The PL emission by the biosilica frustule in the living cell emerged only after cells were cultivated to silicon depletion. The discovery of the discovery of PL emission by the frustule biosilica within a single living diatom itself, not just its isolated frustule, opens up future possibilities for living biosensor applications, where the interaction of diatom cells with other molecules can be probed by μ-PL spectroscopy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul LeDuff
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Guritno Roesijadi
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Gregory L Rorrer
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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33
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Hussein HA, Davis JBA, Johnston RL. DFT global optimisation of gas-phase and MgO-supported sub-nanometre AuPd clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:26133-26143. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03958h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a MgO support on the structures and energies of Au–Pd clusters is calculated at the DFT level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heider A. Hussein
- School of Chemistry
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
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34
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Sato K, Yamauchi A, Ozaki N, Ishigure T, Oaki Y, Imai H. Optical properties of biosilicas in rice plants. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosilicas in rice plants control transmission of light for the promotion of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Sato
- Center for Material Design Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Akira Yamauchi
- Center for Material Design Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Noriaki Ozaki
- Department of Biotechnology
- Faculty of Bioresource Sciences
- Akita Prefectural University
- Akita 010-0195
- Japan
| | - Takaaki Ishigure
- Center for Material Design Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Center for Material Design Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- Center for Material Design Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
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35
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Terracciano M, Shahbazi MA, Correia A, Rea I, Lamberti A, De Stefano L, Santos HA. Surface bioengineering of diatomite based nanovectors for efficient intracellular uptake and drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:20063-20074. [PMID: 26568517 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05173h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Diatomite is a natural porous silica material of sedimentary origin. Due to its peculiar properties, it can be considered as a valid surrogate of synthetic porous silica for nano-based drug delivery. In this work, we exploit the potential of diatomite nanoparticles (DNPs) for drug delivery with the aim of developing a successful dual-biofunctionalization method by polyethylene glycol (PEG) coverage and cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) bioconjugation, to improve the physicochemical and biological properties of the particles, to enhance the intracellular uptake in cancer cells, and to increase the biocompatibility of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APT) modified-DNPs. DNPs-APT-PEG-CPP showed hemocompatibility for up to 200 μg mL(-1) after 48 h of incubation with erythrocytes, with a hemolysis value of only 1.3%. The cytotoxicity of the modified-DNPs with a concentration up to 200 μg mL(-1) and incubation with MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells for 24 h, demonstrated that PEGylation and CPP-bioconjugation can strongly reduce the cytotoxicity of DNPs-APT. The cellular uptake of the modified-DNPs was also evaluated using the above mentioned cancer cell lines, showing that the CPP-bioconjugation can considerably increase the DNP cellular uptake. Moreover, the dual surface modification of DNPs improved both the loading of a poorly water-soluble anticancer drug, sorafenib, with a loading degree up to 22 wt%, and also enhanced the drug release profiles in aqueous solutions. Overall, this work demonstrates that the biofunctionalization of DNPs is a promising platform for drug delivery applications in cancer therapy as a result of its enhanced stability, biocompatibility, cellular uptake, and drug release profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Terracciano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, Naples, 80131, Italy.
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36
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Romann J, Valmalette JC, Chauton MS, Tranell G, Einarsrud MA, Vadstein O. Wavelength and orientation dependent capture of light by diatom frustule nanostructures. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17403. [PMID: 26627680 PMCID: PMC4667171 DOI: 10.1038/srep17403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ecological success of diatoms is emphasized by regular blooms of many different species in all aquatic systems, but the reason behind their success is not fully understood. A special feature of the diatom cell is the frustule, a nano-patterned cell encasement made of amorphous biosilica. The optical properties of a cleaned single valve (one half of a frustule) from the diatom Coscinodiscus centralis were studied using confocal micro-spectroscopy. A photonic crystal function in the frustule was observed, and analysis of the hyperspectral mapping revealed an enhancement of transmitted light around 636 and 663 nm. These wavelengths match the absorption maxima of chlorophyll a and c, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrate that a highly efficient light trapping mechanism occurred, resulting from strong asymmetry between the cribrum and foramen pseudo-periodic structures. This effect may prevent transmitted light from being backscattered and in turn enhance the light absorption. Based on our results, we hypothesize that the multi-scaled layered structure of the frustule improves photosynthetic efficiency by these three mechanisms. The optical properties of the frustule described here may contribute to the ecological success of diatoms in both lentic and marine ecosystems, and should be studies further in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Romann
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Matilde Skogen Chauton
- Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gabriella Tranell
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mari-Ann Einarsrud
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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37
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Di Caprio G, Ferrara MA, Miccio L, Merola F, Memmolo P, Ferraro P, Coppola G. Holographic imaging of unlabelled sperm cells for semen analysis: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:779-789. [PMID: 25491593 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201400093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Male reproductive health in both humans and animals is an important research field in biological study. In order to characterize the morphology, the motility and the concentration of the sperm cells, which are the most important parameters to feature them, digital holography demonstrated to be an attractive technique. Indeed, it is a label-free, non-invasive and high-resolution method that enables the characterization of live specimen. The review is intended both for summarizing the state-of-art on the semen analysis and recent achievement obtained by means of digital holography and for exploring new possible applications of digital holography in this field. Quantitative phase maps of living swimming spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Caprio
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Unit of Naples - National Research Council, Naples, 80121, Italy.
- Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Maria Antonietta Ferrara
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Unit of Naples - National Research Council, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Lisa Miccio
- Institute "E. Caianiello" - National Research Council, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Francesco Merola
- Institute "E. Caianiello" - National Research Council, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Pasquale Memmolo
- Institute "E. Caianiello" - National Research Council, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- Institute "E. Caianiello" - National Research Council, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppola
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Unit of Naples - National Research Council, Naples, 80121, Italy
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38
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Numerical and experimental investigation of light trapping effect of nanostructured diatom frustules. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11977. [PMID: 26155924 PMCID: PMC4496668 DOI: 10.1038/srep11977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in nanophotonic light-trapping technologies offer promising solutions in developing high-efficiency thin-film solar cells. However, the cost-effective scalable manufacturing of those rationally designed nanophotonic structures remains a critical challenge. In contrast, diatoms, the most common type of phytoplankton found in nature, may offer a very attractive solution. Diatoms exhibit high solar energy harvesting efficiency due to their frustules (i.e., hard porous cell wall made of silica) possessing remarkable hierarchical micro-/nano-scaled features optimized for the photosynthetic process through millions of years of evolution. Here we report numerical and experimental studies to investigate the light-trapping characteristic of diatom frustule. Rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods are employed to investigate the light-trapping characteristics of the diatom frustules. In simulation, placing the diatom frustules on the surface of the light-absorption materials is found to strongly enhance the optical absorption over the visible spectrum. The absorption spectra are also measured experimentally and the results are in good agreement with numerical simulations.
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39
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Maibohm C, Friis SMM, Ellegaard M, Rottwitt K. Interference patterns and extinction ratio of the diatom Coscinodiscus granii. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:9543-9548. [PMID: 25968782 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.009543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental and theoretical verification of the nature and position of multiple interference points of visible light transmitted through the valve of the centric diatom species Coscinodiscus granii. Furthermore, by coupling the transmitted light into an optical fiber and moving the diatom valve between constructive and destructive interference points, an extinction ratio of 20 dB is shown.
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40
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Biogenic nanomaterials from photosynthetic microorganisms. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 33:23-31. [PMID: 25445544 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of algal cell cultures represents a sustainable and environmentally friendly platform for the biogenic production of nanobiomaterials and biocatalysts. For example, advances in the production of biogeneic nanomaterials from algal cell cultures, such as crystalline β-chitin nanofibrils and gold and silver nanoparticles, could enable the 'green' production of biomaterials such as tissue-engineering scaffolds or drug carriers, supercapacitors and optoelectric materials. The in vivo functionalization, as well as newly demonstrated methods of production and modification, of biogenic diatom biosilica have led to the development of organic-inorganic hybrid catalytic systems as well as new biomaterials for drug delivery, biosensors and heavy-metal adsorbents.
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41
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Lamastra FR, De Angelis R, Antonucci A, Salvatori D, Prosposito P, Casalboni M, Congestri R, Melino S, Nanni F. Polymer composite random lasers based on diatom frustules as scatterers. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12519c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatom frustules exhibiting unique micro- and nano-porous architectures (a) were used for the first time as scatterers in random lasers. An incoherent random lasing effect was observed (b).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Lamastra
- Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Materials Science and Technology (INSTM)
- Research Unit Roma Tor Vergata
- 1-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta De Angelis
- Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Materials Science and Technology (INSTM)
- Research Unit Roma Tor Vergata
- 1-00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'
| | - Alessandra Antonucci
- Department of Environmental
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies – Second University of Naples
- 43-81100 Caserta, Italy
- Department of Biology
- University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’
| | - Damiano Salvatori
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'
- Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Prosposito
- Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Materials Science and Technology (INSTM)
- Research Unit Roma Tor Vergata
- 1-00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'
| | - Mauro Casalboni
- Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Materials Science and Technology (INSTM)
- Research Unit Roma Tor Vergata
- 1-00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'
| | - Roberta Congestri
- Department of Biology
- University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’
- 1-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies
- University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’
- 1-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Nanni
- Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Materials Science and Technology (INSTM)
- Research Unit Roma Tor Vergata
- 1-00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Enterprise Engineering
- University of Rome Tor Vergata
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